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<span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Areas_of_settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Areas_of_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Areas of settlement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Areas_of_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Турци в Косово – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Турци в Косово" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turci_na_Kosovu" title="Turci na Kosovu – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Turci na Kosovu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88" title="ترک‌های کوزوو – Persian" 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href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turqit_n%C3%AB_Kosov%C3%AB" title="Turqit në Kosovë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Turqit në Kosovë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosova_T%C3%BCrkleri" title="Kosova Türkleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kosova Türkleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E6%97%8F" title="科索沃土耳其族 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科索沃土耳其族" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic minority group in Kosovo</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Turks in Kosovo</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div><span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">Turqit në Kosovë</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Kosova'daki Türkler</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF/200px-Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF/300px-Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF/400px-Turks_in_Kosovo_2011_census.GIF 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>18,738 (2011 census)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>(1.1% of Kosovo's population)</li> <li>Other estimates: 30,000<sup id="cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 50,000<sup id="cite_ref-Cole_2011_loc=368_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cole_2011_loc=368-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>(about 1–2% of Kosovo's population)<sup id="cite_ref-TodaysZaman_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TodaysZaman-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamusha" title="Mamusha">Mamusha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Gagauz_Turkish" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Gagauz Turkish">Balkan Gagauz Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">Irreligion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Turks">Balkan Turks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gagauz_people" title="Gagauz people">Gagauz people</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish people</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic peoples</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Turks in Kosovo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <i lang="sq"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;">Turqit në Kosovë</span></i>), also known as <b>Kosovo Turks</b> or <b>Kosovan Turks</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;">Kosova Türkleri</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <i lang="sq"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;">Turqit Kosovar</span></i>), are the ethnic <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> who constitute a minority group in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>. Kosovo Turks make up the majority of inhabitants in <a href="/wiki/Mamusha" title="Mamusha">Mamusha</a> but also form considerable communities in <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Turkish settlement into <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> began in the late 14th century after the medieval <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Serbia" title="Moravian Serbia">Serbian</a> state lost the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> and the territory came under <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule. Although Turkish colonists began arriving in 1389–1455 when, during the Ottoman conquest, numbers of soldiers, officials, and merchants began to make their appearance in the major towns of Kosovo, the overwhelming majority of modern Turks in Kosovo are of <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> origin.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ASHAK_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASHAK-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Ottoman rule, the cities of <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitrovica,_Kosovo" title="Mitrovica, Kosovo">Mitrovica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vushtrri" title="Vushtrri">Vushtrri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gjilan" title="Gjilan">Gjilan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> experienced a widespread phenomenon where villagers settling in the cities would, upon arrival, begin adopting Turkish customs and the Turkish language. Those who settled in these urban environments, where Turkish was the language of communication with the government and the language of social prestige, opted to refer to themselves as Turks, in order to distinguish themselves from those who had not migrated to the cities and as a marker of socioeconomic status. A large number of these Turkified inhabitants still retain names alluding to their ethnic <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> origin, usually consisting of tribal names such as <i><a href="/wiki/Berisha_(tribe)" title="Berisha (tribe)">Berisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bytyqi" title="Bytyqi">Bytyçi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gashi_(tribe)" title="Gashi (tribe)">Gashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoti_(tribe)" title="Hoti (tribe)">Hoti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kastrati_(tribe)" title="Kastrati (tribe)">Kastrati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krasniqi" title="Krasniqi">Krasniqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kryeziu_family" title="Kryeziu family">Kryeziu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luma_(region)" title="Luma (region)">Luma</a></i> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-ASHAK_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASHAK-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1912 the Ottoman Turks lost control over Kosovo and the region became a part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Kingdoms of Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Montenegro" title="Kingdom of Montenegro">Montenegro</a>. From this point, Kosovo as a political entity was discontinued as the region was divided among new administrative units. Following the Austrian and Bulgarian occupation during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Serbia and Montenegro became part of the newly created <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbs,_Croats_and_Slovenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes">Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes</a> in 1918. When the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis powers</a> occupied <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> in 1941, the former territory of Kosovo became part of <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, which was itself controlled by <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. With the defeat of the Axis powers, Yugoslavia, then ruled by Communists led by <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>, regained control over the region. In 1946, Kosovo returned to maps when a region bearing the name <i>Kosovo and Metohija</i> was granted autonomous status within <a href="/wiki/FPR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="FPR Yugoslavia">FPR Yugoslavia</a>. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>, a variety of non-Albanian communities, including <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Serbs" title="Kosovo Serbs">Serbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnians" title="Bosnians">Bosnians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegrins" title="Montenegrins">Montenegrins</a>, and even <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a>, were persecuted by elements of the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">Kosovo Liberation Army</a> and other Albanian extremists. This persecution took various forms, including killings, burning of houses, destruction of churches and monasteries, as well as threats against monks and nuns.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the Turkification policies enacted by the Yugoslavian government between 1948 and 1956, the number of registered Turks in Kosovo jumped from a mere 1,313 (or 0.2% of the population) in 1948 to 34,343 (4.3% of Kosovo's population) in the 1953 census. This was partly the result of the historical connotations of the word <i>Turk</i>, which had been synonymous with <i>Muslim</i> during the Ottoman era. These self declared Turks, almost exclusively consisting of ethnic <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a>, then began to emigrate to <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> until 1958 on the basis of a bilateral agreement between Yugoslavia and Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="80%" align="center" rules="all" style="margin: 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#DDDDDD"> <td colspan="8" align="center">Turks in Kosovo according to official censuses<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0" align="center"> <th>Year of census </th> <th>Turks </th> <th>% of total population </th></tr> <tr> <td>1921</td> <td>27,920</td> <td>6.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1931</td> <td>23,698</td> <td>4.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1939</td> <td>24,946</td> <td>3.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1948</td> <td>1,315</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953</td> <td>34,583</td> <td>4.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961</td> <td>25,784</td> <td>2.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971</td> <td>12,224</td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981</td> <td>12,513</td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>18,738</td> <td>1.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1993, the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> stated that there was approximately 20,000 Kosovan Turks, constituting about 1% of Kosovo's population.<sup id="cite_ref-Human_Rights_Watch_1993_loc=54_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Human_Rights_Watch_1993_loc=54-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent estimates suggest that there are now about 29,000 to 30,000 Turks living in Kosovo, forming between 1 and 2% of Kosovo's total population.<sup id="cite_ref-TodaysZaman_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TodaysZaman-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cole_2011_loc=368_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cole_2011_loc=368-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2011 census 18,738 citizens declared themselves as Turks, constituting 1.1% of Kosovo's total population. The European Centre for minority Issues Kosovo has stated that: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The total census number for Turks (18,738) is somewhat lower than that of previous estimates. To give an example, in Lipjan/Lipljan, the figure of Turks decreases from 400–500 to 128. However, in the 2010 general elections, the Turkish political parties KDTP and KTB received together a total of 207 votes. Although members from other communities sometimes vote for Turkish parties and other issues need to be taken into account, this figure suggests that for this municipality the census figure may not be representative and that further analysis is needed.<sup id="cite_ref-European_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo_2012_loc=6_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-European_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo_2012_loc=6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Areas_of_settlement">Areas of settlement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Areas of settlement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Turkish minority of Kosovo have a majority population in <a href="/wiki/Mamusha" title="Mamusha">Mamusha</a>. However, the largest Turkish population in Kosovo live in <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They constitute roughly 5% of Prizren's population, and the town remains the historical, cultural and political centre of the Kosovan Turkish community.<sup id="cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Gjilan" title="Gjilan">Gjilan</a> municipality, the Turkish community resides mostly in the town of Gjilane and in the villages of Livoç i Epërm and Dobërçan, constituting between 0.9 and 1.1% of the total population of the municipality.<sup id="cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kosovan Turks living in <a href="/wiki/Mitrovica,_Kosovo" title="Mitrovica, Kosovo">Mitrovica</a> amount to roughly 1.5% of its total population; in the southern part of the town, Kosovan Turks live scattered in the city, while those who live in northern region reside in the "Bosniak Mahalla" neighbourhood.<sup id="cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Vushtrri" title="Vushtrri">Vushtrri</a> Turks constitute about 0.9% of the total population, and live scattered throughout the urban areas. In the <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> region together with Turkish speaking Muslim Roma the Divanjoldjije Group, they are concentrated in the urban areas of the city, and constitute roughly 0.4% of the total municipal population, and in the rural settlements of <a href="/wiki/Janjevo" title="Janjevo">Janjevo</a> and Banullë/Bandulić in the <a href="/wiki/Lipjan" title="Lipjan">Lipjan</a> municipality, where they amount to 0.5% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Turkish population in Kosovo according to the 2011 census (Turkish majority in <b>bold</b>): </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Municipality </th> <th>Turks <br /> (2011 Census)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>% Turkish </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a></td> <td>9,091</td> <td>5.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Mamusha" title="Mamusha">Mamusha</a></b></td> <td><b>5,128</b></td> <td><b>93.11%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></td> <td>2,156</td> <td>1.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjilan" title="Gjilan">Gjilan</a></td> <td>978</td> <td>1.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mitrovica,_Kosovo" title="Mitrovica, Kosovo">Mitrovicë</a></td> <td>518</td> <td>0.72% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vushtrri" title="Vushtrri">Vushtrri</a></td> <td>278</td> <td>0.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dragash" title="Dragash">Dragash</a></td> <td>202</td> <td>0.59% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lipjan" title="Lipjan">Lipjan</a></td> <td>128</td> <td>0.22% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Polje" title="Kosovo Polje">Fushë Kosovë</a></td> <td>62</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pej%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pejë">Pejë</a></td> <td>59</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferizaj" title="Ferizaj">Ferizaj</a></td> <td>55</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjakova" title="Gjakova">Gjakovë</a></td> <td>16</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%8Danica,_Kosovo" title="Gračanica, Kosovo">Gračanica</a></td> <td>15</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Istog" title="Istog">Istog</a></td> <td>10</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Novo_Brdo" title="Novo Brdo">Novo Brdo</a></td> <td>7</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Drenas" title="Drenas">Drenas</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamenica,_Kosovo" title="Kamenica, Kosovo">Kamenicë</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Podujevo" class="mw-redirect" title="Podujevo">Podujevë</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suva_Reka" title="Suva Reka">Suharekë</a></td> <td>4</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Viti</td> <td>4</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Klin%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Klinë">Klinë</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ka%C3%A7anik" title="Kaçanik">Kaçanik</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obiliq" title="Obiliq">Obiliq</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rahovec" title="Rahovec">Rahovec</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Klokot" title="Klokot">Klokot</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skenderaj" title="Skenderaj">Skenderaj</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shtime" title="Shtime">Shtime</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> total</td> <td>18,738</td> <td>1.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three Turkish political parties in Kosovo: </p> <ul><li>Turkish Public Front- under the leadership of Sezai Saipi</li> <li>Turkish Democratic Union- under the leadership of Erhan Köroğlu, centred in <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Democratic_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo">Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo</a> (KTDP)- under the leadership of Mahir Yağcılar, centred in Prizren (the only registered Turkish party of Kosovo)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Kosovo_Turks">Notable Kosovo Turks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable Kosovo Turks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emin_A%C3%A7ar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emin Açar (page does not exist)">Emin Açar</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emin_A%C3%A7ar" class="extiw" title="tr:Emin Açar">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClsha_Adilji" title="Gülsha Adilji">Gülsha Adilji</a>, Swiss TV presenter (Turkish-Kosovar mother)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazhar_Apa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazhar Apa (page does not exist)">Mazhar Apa</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazhar_Apa" class="extiw" title="tr:Mazhar Apa">tr</a>]</span>, businessman</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cemil_Ar%C4%B1can&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cemil Arıcan (page does not exist)">Cemil Arıcan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemil_Ar%C4%B1can" class="extiw" title="tr:Cemil Arıcan">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tevfik_Nazif_Ar%C4%B1can&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tevfik Nazif Arıcan (page does not exist)">Tevfik Nazif Arıcan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevfik_Nazif_Ar%C4%B1can" class="extiw" title="tr:Tevfik Nazif Arıcan">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Necmi_R%C4%B1za_Ay%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Necmi Rıza Ayça (page does not exist)">Necmi Rıza Ayça</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necmi_R%C4%B1za_Ay%C3%A7a" class="extiw" title="tr:Necmi Rıza Ayça">tr</a>]</span>, cartoonist</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enver_Baki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enver Baki (page does not exist)">Enver Baki</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enver_Baki" class="extiw" title="tr:Enver Baki">tr</a>]</span>, writer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmet_Faik_Baysal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmet Faik Baysal (page does not exist)">Mehmet Faik Baysal</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Faik_Baysal" class="extiw" title="tr:Mehmet Faik Baysal">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeynel_Beksa%C3%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeynel Beksaç (page does not exist)">Zeynel Beksaç</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeynel_Beksa%C3%A7" class="extiw" title="tr:Zeynel Beksaç">tr</a>]</span>, writer, poet and short story writer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCleyman_Brina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Süleyman Brina (page does not exist)">Süleyman Brina</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Brina" class="extiw" title="tr:Süleyman Brina">tr</a>]</span>, community leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1k_%C3%87elebi" title="Aşık Çelebi">Aşık Çelebi</a>, biographer, poet, and translator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzi_%C3%87elebi_of_Prizren" title="Suzi Çelebi of Prizren">Prizrenli Suzi Çelebi</a>, poet and historiographer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hac%C4%B1_%C3%96mer_L%C3%BCtf%C3%BC_Efendi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hacı Ömer Lütfü Efendi (page does not exist)">Hacı Ömer Lütfü Efendi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hac%C4%B1_%C3%96mer_L%C3%BCtf%C3%BC_Efendi" class="extiw" title="tr:Hacı Ömer Lütfü Efendi">tr</a>]</span>, poet and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafer_Tayyar_E%C4%9Filmez" title="Cafer Tayyar Eğilmez">Cafer Tayyar Eğilmez</a>, officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melih_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7ek" title="Melih Gökçek">Melih Gökçek</a>, mayor of <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> (1994–2017)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nimetullah_Haf%C4%B1z&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nimetullah Hafız (page does not exist)">Nimetullah Hafız</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimetullah_Haf%C4%B1z" class="extiw" title="tr:Nimetullah Hafız">tr</a>]</span>, literary scholar and Turcologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adem_Huduti" title="Adem Huduti">Adem Huduti</a>, military general</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzan_Karde%C5%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzan Kardeş (page does not exist)">Suzan Kardeş</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzan_Karde%C5%9F" class="extiw" title="tr:Suzan Kardeş">tr</a>]</span>, singer and actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikmet_K%C4%B1v%C4%B1lc%C4%B1ml%C4%B1" title="Hikmet Kıvılcımlı">Hikmet Kıvılcımlı</a>, communist leader, theoretician, writer, publicist, and translator</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdurrahman_%C5%9Eeref_La%C3%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdurrahman Şeref Laç (page does not exist)">Abdurrahman Şeref Laç</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdurrahman_%C5%9Eeref_La%C3%A7" class="extiw" title="tr:Abdurrahman Şeref Laç">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasan_Mercan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasan Mercan (page does not exist)">Hasan Mercan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_Mercan" class="extiw" title="tr:Hasan Mercan">tr</a>]</span>, poet and writer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gani_M%C3%BCjde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gani Müjde (page does not exist)">Gani Müjde</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gani_M%C3%BCjde" class="extiw" title="tr:Gani Müjde">tr</a>]</span>, writer, cartoonist, screenwriter, director and presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Samim" title="Ahmet Samim">Ahmet Samim</a>, journalist and liberal politician; founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Party_(Ottoman_Empire)" title="Liberty Party (Ottoman Empire)">Liberty Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Haydar_%C5%9Een" title="Ali Haydar Şen">Ali Haydar Şen</a>, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naci_%C5%9Eensoy" title="Naci Şensoy">Naci Şensoy</a>, football manager and former player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Kemal_Beyatl%C4%B1" title="Yahya Kemal Beyatlı">Yahya Kemal Beyatlı</a>, Turkish poet and author, as well as a politician and diplomat</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%B0smet_Tavga%C3%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="İsmet Tavgaç (page does not exist)">İsmet Tavgaç</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0smet_Tavga%C3%A7" class="extiw" title="tr:İsmet Tavgaç">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekrem_Beh%C3%A7et_Tezel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekrem Behçet Tezel (page does not exist)">Ekrem Behçet Tezel</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekrem_Beh%C3%A7et_Tezel" class="extiw" title="tr:Ekrem Behçet Tezel">tr</a>]</span>, politician</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razi_Trak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razi Trak (page does not exist)">Razi Trak</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razi_Trak" class="extiw" title="tr:Razi Trak">tr</a>]</span>, former president of <a href="/wiki/Fenerbah%C3%A7e_S.K." title="Fenerbahçe S.K.">Fenerbahçe S.K.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCner_Ureya" title="Güner Ureya">Güner Ureya</a>, first Ambassador of the Republic of Kosovo to the People's Republic of Bangladesh</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nusret_Di%C5%9Fo_%C3%9Clk%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nusret Dişo Ülkü (page does not exist)">Nusret Dişo Ülkü</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusret_Di%C5%9Fo_%C3%9Clk%C3%BC" class="extiw" title="tr:Nusret Dişo Ülkü">tr</a>]</span>, writer, poet and short story writer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vehbi_Varl%C4%B1k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vehbi Varlık (page does not exist)">Vehbi Varlık</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehbi_Varl%C4%B1k" class="extiw" title="tr:Vehbi Varlık">tr</a>]</span>, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahir_Ya%C4%9Fc%C4%B1lar" title="Mahir Yağcılar">Mahir Yağcılar</a>, President of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Democratic_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo">Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ottoman_architecture">Ottoman architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ottoman architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center" style="max-width: 978px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prizren_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ottoman mosque, Prizren."><img alt="Ottoman mosque, Prizren." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Prizren_05.jpg/120px-Prizren_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Prizren_05.jpg/250px-Prizren_05.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ottoman mosque, <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prizren_kossovo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Ottoman mosque in Prizren."><img alt="An Ottoman mosque in Prizren." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Prizren_kossovo.jpg/120px-Prizren_kossovo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Prizren_kossovo.jpg/180px-Prizren_kossovo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Prizren_kossovo.jpg/240px-Prizren_kossovo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An Ottoman mosque in Prizren.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prizen_kosovo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prizren."><img alt="Prizren." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Prizen_kosovo.jpg/120px-Prizen_kosovo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Prizen_kosovo.jpg/250px-Prizen_kosovo.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Prizren.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:League_of_Prizren_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="League of Prizren building in Prizren."><img alt="League of Prizren building in Prizren." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/League_of_Prizren_building.jpg/120px-League_of_Prizren_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/League_of_Prizren_building.jpg/180px-League_of_Prizren_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/League_of_Prizren_building.jpg/240px-League_of_Prizren_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a> building in Prizren.</div> </li> </ul> <p>See also the <a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Muderis_Ali_Efendi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Muderis Ali Efendi">Mosque of Muderis Ali Efendi</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_minorities_in_the_former_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire">Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Serbia" title="Turks in Serbia">Turks in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">Turks in the Balkans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamu%C5%A1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamuša">Mamuša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Democratic_Party_of_Kosovo" title="Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo">Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Kosovo–Turkey relations">Kosovo–Turkey relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkification" title="Turkification">Turkification</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/flipbook/1/Te%20dhenat%20kryesore_ALB/#/0">http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/flipbook/1/Te%20dhenat%20kryesore_ALB/#/0</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OSCE_2010_loc=3-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OSCE_2010_loc=3_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOSCE2010">OSCE 2010</a>, 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cole_2011_loc=368-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cole_2011_loc=368_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cole_2011_loc=368_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCole2011">Cole 2011</a>, 368.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TodaysZaman-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TodaysZaman_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TodaysZaman_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFToday's_Zaman" class="citation web cs1">Today's Zaman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=143039">"Kosovo Turks' fear of Albanianization"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kosovo+Turks%27+fear+of+Albanianization&rft.au=Today%27s+Zaman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2FnewsDetail_getNewsById.action%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D143039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFElsie2010">Elsie 2010</a>, 276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASHAK-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ASHAK_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASHAK_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGashi2015" class="citation book cs1">Gashi, Skënder (2015). <i>ONOMASTIC-HISTORICAL RESEARCH ON EXTINCT AND ACTUAL MINORITIES OF KOSOVA</i>. ASHAK. p. 724.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ONOMASTIC-HISTORICAL+RESEARCH+ON+EXTINCT+AND+ACTUAL+MINORITIES+OF+KOSOVA&rft.pages=724&rft.pub=ASHAK&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Gashi&rft.aufirst=Sk%C3%ABnder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJacobs2009" class="citation book cs1">Jacobs, Steven L. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1gwunFdWfNsC&dq=...+all+non-Albanians+%28Serbs%2C+Roma%2C+Bosnians%2C+Montenegrins%2C+and+even+Turks%29.+Some+were+killed%2C+houses+were+burned%2C+churches+and+monasteries+destroyed%2C+monks+and+nuns+threatened.&pg=PA171"><i>Confronting Genocide: Judaism, Christianity, Islam</i></a>. Lexington Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-3589-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-3589-1"><bdi>978-0-7391-3589-1</bdi></a>. <q>The KLA and other Albanian extremists sought to expel almost all non-Albanians (Serbs, Roma, Bosnians, Montenegrins, and even Turks). Some were killed, houses were burned, churches and monasteries destroyed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Confronting+Genocide%3A+Judaism%2C+Christianity%2C+Islam&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-3589-1&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1gwunFdWfNsC%26dq%3D...%2Ball%2Bnon-Albanians%2B%2528Serbs%252C%2BRoma%252C%2BBosnians%252C%2BMontenegrins%252C%2Band%2Beven%2BTurks%2529.%2BSome%2Bwere%2Bkilled%252C%2Bhouses%2Bwere%2Bburned%252C%2Bchurches%2Band%2Bmonasteries%2Bdestroyed%252C%2Bmonks%2Band%2Bnuns%2Bthreatened.%26pg%3DPA171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaltic2007">Baltic 2007</a>, 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGashi2015" class="citation book cs1">Gashi, Skënder (2015). <i>ONOMASTIC-HISTORICAL RESEARCH ON EXTINCT AND ACTUAL MINORITIES OF KOSOVA</i>. ASHAK. pp. <span class="nowrap">245–</span>246.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ONOMASTIC-HISTORICAL+RESEARCH+ON+EXTINCT+AND+ACTUAL+MINORITIES+OF+KOSOVA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E245-%3C%2Fspan%3E246&rft.pub=ASHAK&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Gashi&rft.aufirst=Sk%C3%ABnder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMertus1999">Mertus 1999</a>, 316–317.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Human_Rights_Watch_1993_loc=54-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Human_Rights_Watch_1993_loc=54_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch1993">Human Rights Watch 1993</a>, 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-European_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo_2012_loc=6-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-European_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo_2012_loc=6_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEuropean_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo2012">European Centre for minority Issues Kosovo 2012</a>, 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'Neill2002">O'Neill 2002</a>, 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKosovo_Agency_of_Statistics" class="citation web cs1">Kosovo Agency of Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20160508090353/http%3A//ask.rks%2Dgov.net/eng/census%2D2011">"Population by gender, ethnicity at settlement level"</a>. p. 12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ask.rks-gov.net/eng/census-2011">the original</a> on 2016-05-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+by+gender%2C+ethnicity+at+settlement+level&rft.pages=12&rft.au=Kosovo+Agency+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fask.rks-gov.net%2Feng%2Fcensus-2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJikhareva2015" class="citation cs2">Jikhareva, Anna (2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.woz.ch/-63a"><i>Sind Sie eine Mustermigrantin von Zwinglis Gnaden?</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/WOZ_Die_Wochenzeitung" title="WOZ Die Wochenzeitung">WOZ Die Wochenzeitung</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2021</span>, <q>Frau Adilji, Ihre Mutter stammt aus Pristina, ist aber ursprünglich Türkin. Ihr Vater wuchs als Albaner in einem serbischen Dorf nahe der kosovarischen Grenze auf.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sind+Sie+eine+Mustermigrantin+von+Zwinglis+Gnaden%3F&rft.pub=WOZ+Die+Wochenzeitung&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Jikhareva&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.woz.ch%2F-63a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turks_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBaltic2007" class="citation cs2">Baltic, Nina (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurac.edu/en/research/institutes/imr/Documents/ReportontheTheoryandPracticeofHumanRightsandMinorityRightsundertheYugoslavCommunistS.pdf"><i>Theory and Practice of Human and Minority Rights under the Yugoslav Communist System</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, MIRICO: Human and Minority Rights in the Life Cycle of Ethnic Conflicts</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theory+and+Practice+of+Human+and+Minority+Rights+under+the+Yugoslav+Communist+System&rft.pub=MIRICO%3A+Human+and+Minority+Rights+in+the+Life+Cycle+of+Ethnic+Conflicts&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Baltic&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurac.edu%2Fen%2Fresearch%2Finstitutes%2Fimr%2FDocuments%2FReportontheTheoryandPracticeofHumanRightsandMinorityRightsundertheYugoslavCommunistS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCole2011" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Cole" title="Jeffrey Cole">Cole, Jeffrey</a> (2011), <i>Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia</i>, ABC-CLIO, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-302-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-302-6"><bdi>978-1-59884-302-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+Europe%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-302-6&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElsie2010" class="citation cs2">Elsie, Robert (2010), <i>Historical Dictionary of Kosovo</i>, Scarecrow Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7231-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7231-8"><bdi>978-0-8108-7231-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Kosovo&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7231-8&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEuropean_Centre_for_minority_Issues_Kosovo2012" class="citation cs2">European Centre for minority Issues Kosovo (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103200754/http://www.ecmikosovo.org/wp-content/Publications/Policy_briefs/2012-12_ECMI_Kosovo_Policy_Brief_-_Minority_Communities_in_the_2011_Kosovo_Census_Results_Analysis_and_Recommendations/eng.pdf"><i>Minority Communities in the 2011 Kosovo Census Results: Analysis and Recommendations</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, European Centre for minority Issues Kosovo, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecmikosovo.org/wp-content/Publications/Policy_briefs/2012-12_ECMI_Kosovo_Policy_Brief_-_Minority_Communities_in_the_2011_Kosovo_Census_Results_Analysis_and_Recommendations/eng.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2014-01-03</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minority+Communities+in+the+2011+Kosovo+Census+Results%3A+Analysis+and+Recommendations&rft.pub=European+Centre+for+minority+Issues+Kosovo&rft.date=2012&rft.au=European+Centre+for+minority+Issues+Kosovo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecmikosovo.org%2Fwp-content%2FPublications%2FPolicy_briefs%2F2012-12_ECMI_Kosovo_Policy_Brief_-_Minority_Communities_in_the_2011_Kosovo_Census_Results_Analysis_and_Recommendations%2Feng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch1993" class="citation cs2">Human Rights Watch (1993), <i>Open Wounds: Human Rights Abuses in Kosovo</i>, Human Rights Watch, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56432-131-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-56432-131-2"><bdi>1-56432-131-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Open+Wounds%3A+Human+Rights+Abuses+in+Kosovo&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=1-56432-131-2&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMertus1999" class="citation cs2">Mertus, Julie (1999), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kosovo00juli"><i>Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War</i></a></span>, University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-21865-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-21865-5"><bdi>0-520-21865-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo%3A+How+Myths+and+Truths+Started+a+War&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-520-21865-5&rft.aulast=Mertus&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkosovo00juli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill2002" class="citation cs2">O'Neill, William G. (2002), <i>Kosovo: An Unfinished Peace</i>, Lynne Rienner Publishers, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58826-021-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58826-021-6"><bdi>1-58826-021-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo%3A+An+Unfinished+Peace&rft.pub=Lynne+Rienner+Publishers&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-58826-021-6&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=William+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOSCE2010" class="citation cs2">OSCE (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osce.org/kosovo/75450">"Community Profile: Kosovo Turks"</a>, <i>Kosovo Communities Profile</i>, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Community+Profile%3A+Kosovo+Turks&rft.btitle=Kosovo+Communities+Profile&rft.pub=Organization+for+Security+and+Co-operation+in+Europe&rft.date=2010&rft.au=OSCE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fkosovo%2F75450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurks+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo27" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link 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.navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Kosovo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Kosovo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Kosovo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo27" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Kosovo">Ethnic groups in Kosovo</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding-left: 80px"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Albanians" title="Kosovo Albanians">Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniaks_in_Kosovo" title="Bosniaks in Kosovo">Bosniaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians_in_Kosovo" title="Circassians in Kosovo">Circassians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janjevci" title="Janjevci">Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Kosovo" title="History of the Jews in Kosovo">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrins_of_Kosovo" title="Montenegrins of Kosovo">Montenegrins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma in Kosovo">Roma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashkali_and_Egyptians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkali and Egyptians">Ashkali & Egyptians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Serbs" title="Kosovo Serbs">Serbs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kosovo_ethnic_map_2011_census.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="Ethnic map of Kosovo"><img alt="Ethnic map of Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kosovo_ethnic_map_2011_census.GIF/120px-Kosovo_ethnic_map_2011_census.GIF" decoding="async" width="80" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kosovo_ethnic_map_2011_census.GIF/250px-Kosovo_ethnic_map_2011_census.GIF 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3084" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Turkish_people_by_country363" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Template:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Template talk:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_people_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish people by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Turkish_people_by_country363" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish people</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_population" title="Turkish population">by country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional areas of<br /><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish</a> settlement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish majorities:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Muhacir" title="Muhacir">Muhacirs</a>), <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Northern Cyprus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_diaspora" title="Turkish Cypriot diaspora">Turkish Cypriot diaspora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_settlers_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Turkish settlers in Northern Cyprus">Mainland Turks</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">in the Balkans</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Turks in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks" title="Bulgarian Turks">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Croatia" title="Turks in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li>Greece <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretan Turks">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_the_Dodecanese" title="Turks of the Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace" title="Turks of Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_North_Macedonia" title="Turks in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Montenegro" title="Turks in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Romania" title="Turks of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Serbia" title="Turks in Serbia">Serbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in the Caucasus:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Turks in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li>Georgia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Abkhazia" title="Turks in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in the Levant:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkmeneli" title="Turkmeneli">Turkmeneli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Jews_in_Israel" title="Turkish Jews in Israel">Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Jordan" title="Turks in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Palestine" title="Turks in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Turkmen" title="Syrian Turkmen">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Mountain" title="Turkmen Mountain">Turkmen Mountain</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Turkish minorities <br /> in North Africa:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Algeria" title="Turks in Algeria">Algeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kouloughlis" title="Kouloughlis">Kouloughlis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Egypt" title="Turks in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Libya" title="Turks in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Tunisia" title="Turks in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Turks in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Yemen" title="Turks in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_South_Africa" title="Turks in South Africa">South Africa</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Austria" title="Turks in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Belgium" title="Turks in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Turks in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Denmark" title="Turks in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Finland" title="Turks in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_France" title="Turks in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Berlin" title="Turks in Berlin">Berlin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Hungary" title="Turks in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ireland" title="Turks in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Italy" title="Turks in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Liechtenstein" title="Turks in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Netherlands" title="Turks in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Norway" title="Turks in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Poland" title="Turks in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Spain" title="Turks in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Sweden" title="Turks in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Switzerland" title="Turks in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Turks" title="British Turks">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_community_of_London" title="Turkish community of London">London</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadians" title="Turkish Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Mexico" title="Turks in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Americans" title="Turkish Americans">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_South_Carolina" title="Turks of South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in the Persian Gulf</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kuwait" title="Turks in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Qatar" title="Turks in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Australians" title="Turkish Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_New_Zealanders" title="Turkish New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Argentines" title="Turkish Argentines">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turco-brasileiro" class="extiw" title="pt:Turco-brasileiro">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Venezuelan" title="Turkish Venezuelan">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in South Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_people_in_Afghanistan" title="Turkic people in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_India" title="Turks in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Pakistan" title="Turks in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Japan" title="Turks in Japan">Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora in Post-Soviet States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Turks in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kazakhstan" title="Turks in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Turks in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Turkmenistan" title="Turks in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ukraine" title="Turks in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Uzbekistan" title="Turks in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turkophobia" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkophobia">Turkophobia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Muslims_during_Ottoman_contraction" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction">Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Muslims_from_Serbia_(1862)" title="Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)">Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkuk_Massacre_of_1924" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkuk Massacre of 1924">Kirkuk Massacre of 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Meskhetian_Turks" title="Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks">1944 Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavurba%C4%9F%C4%B1_massacre" title="Gavurbağı massacre">Gavurbağı massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Turks_from_Bulgaria_(1950-1951)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951)">Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks#Assimilation_policy_(1956–1989)" title="Bulgarian Turks">1956–1989 Assimilation of Bulgarian Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen#Kirkuk_massacre_of_1959" title="Iraqi Turkmen">1959 Kirkuk massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1963)" title="Bloody Christmas (1963)">Bloody Christmas (1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akritas_plan" title="Akritas plan">Akritas plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaanderwijk_riots" title="Afrikaanderwijk riots">Afrikaanderwijk riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_Process" title="Revival Process">Revival Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tochni_massacre" title="Tochni massacre">Tochni massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha,_Santalaris_and_Aloda_massacre" title="Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre">Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_diplomats_assassinated_by_Armenian_militant_organisations" title="List of Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations">Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Taha_Car%C4%B1m" title="Assassination of Taha Carım">Assassination of Taha Carım</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Orhan_G%C3%BCnd%C3%BCz" title="Assassination of Orhan Gündüz">Assassination of Orhan Gündüz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Erkut_Akbay" title="Assassination of Erkut Akbay">Assassination of Erkut Akbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Galip_Balkar" title="Assassination of Galip Balkar">Assassination of Galip Balkar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Orly_Airport_attack" title="1983 Orly Airport attack">1983 Orly Airport attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fergana_massacre" title="Fergana massacre">1989 Fergana massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Komotini_events" title="1990 Komotini events">1990 Komotini events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Altun_Kupri_massacre" title="1991 Altun Kupri massacre">1991 Altun Kupri massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Solingen_arson_attack" title="1993 Solingen arson attack">1993 Solingen arson attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Underground_murders" title="National Socialist Underground murders">National Socialist Underground murders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Enver_%C5%9Eim%C5%9Fek" title="Murder of Enver Şimşek">Murder of Enver Şimşek</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Cologne_bombing" title="2004 Cologne bombing">2004 Cologne bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banya_Bashi_Mosque_clashes" title="Banya Bashi Mosque clashes">Banya Bashi Mosque clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen_genocide" title="Iraqi Turkmen genocide">Iraqi Turkmen genocide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_communities_and_minorities_in_the_former_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire">Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_population" title="Turkish population">Turkish population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Turks in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Arab_world" title="Turks in the Arab world">Turks in the Arab world</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kouloughlis" title="Kouloughlis">Kouloughlis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_Balkans" title="Turks in the Balkans">Turks in the Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_the_former_Soviet_Union" title="Turks in the former Soviet Union">Turks in the former Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_diaspora" title="Turkish diaspora">Turkish diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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