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class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hovudside" title="Gå til hovudsida [z]" accesskey="z">Hovudside</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbeidskontoret" title="Om prosjektet, kva du kan gjera, kvar du finn saker og ting">Arbeidskontoret</a></li><li id="n-samfunnshuset" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Samfunnshuset">Samfunnshuset</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Siste_endringar" title="Liste over dei siste endringane som er gjorde på wikien. 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[o]" accesskey="o" class="">Logg inn</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fleire val" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlege verktøy" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personlege verktøy </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nn.wikipedia.org&uselang=nn">Gåver</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Bahrain" title="Me oppfordrar til at du oppretter ein konto og loggar inn, men det er ikkje påkravd."> Opprett konto</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Bahrain" title="Det er ikkje obligatorisk å logga inn, men medfører mange fordelar. [o]" accesskey="o"> Logg inn</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering">lær meir</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y">Bidrag</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n">Diskusjon</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Namnesoge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namnesoge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Namnesoge </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namnesoge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Historie </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tidlegaste_kjende_historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidlegaste_kjende_historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Tidlegaste kjende historie </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidlegaste_kjende_historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Før-islamsk_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Før-islamsk_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Før-islamsk tid </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Før-islamsk_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muhammed-tida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhammed-tida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Muhammed-tida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhammed-tida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islamsk_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamsk_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Islamsk tid </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamsk_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugisisk_kontroll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugisisk_kontroll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Portugisisk kontroll </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugisisk_kontroll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1782–1783_–_uro_i_Bahrain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1782–1783_–_uro_i_Bahrain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 1782–1783 – uro i Bahrain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1782–1783_–_uro_i_Bahrain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tidleg_på_1900-talet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidleg_på_1900-talet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Tidleg på 1900-talet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidleg_på_1900-talet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjølvstende" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjølvstende"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Sjølvstende </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjølvstende-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bahrainske_opprør" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bahrainske_opprør"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9 Bahrainske opprør </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bahrainske_opprør-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geografi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Geografi </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Klima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Natur </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Politikk </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politikk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Politikk </button> <ul id="toc-Politikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Menneskerettar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menneskerettar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Menneskerettar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menneskerettar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kvinnerettar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kvinnerettar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Kvinnerettar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kvinnerettar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forsvaret" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forsvaret"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Forsvaret </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forsvaret-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utanrikspolitikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utanrikspolitikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Utanrikspolitikk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utanrikspolitikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guvernement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guvernement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Guvernement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guvernement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Økonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Økonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Økonomi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Økonomi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Økonomi </button> <ul id="toc-Økonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Turisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Turisme </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samferdsel_og_kommunikasjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samferdsel_og_kommunikasjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Samferdsel og kommunikasjon </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Samferdsel_og_kommunikasjon-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Samferdsel og kommunikasjon </button> <ul id="toc-Samferdsel_og_kommunikasjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Telekommunikasjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telekommunikasjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Telekommunikasjon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telekommunikasjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Demografi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Demografi </button> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Folkegrupper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folkegrupper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Folkegrupper </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folkegrupper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Språk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Språk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Språk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Språk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utdanning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utdanning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Utdanning </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utdanning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Helse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Helse </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Kultur </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Kultur </button> <ul id="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kunst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Kunst </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Litteratur </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Musikk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idrett" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idrett"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Idrett </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idrett-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heilagdagar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heilagdagar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Heilagdagar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heilagdagar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kjelder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kjelder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Kjelder </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kjelder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Bakgrunnsstoff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Vis/skjul innhaldslista </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bahrain</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 245 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-245" aria-hidden="true" > 245 språk </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – achinesisk" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – kabardisk" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – adygeisk" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygeisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%95" title="ባሕሬን – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባሕሬን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरीन – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बहरीन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – gammalengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="gammalengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Баҳреин – abkhasisk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Баҳреин" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhasisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="البحرين – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="البحرين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9A%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A2" title="ܒܚܪܝܢ – arameisk" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܚܪܝܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B5%D5%B6" title="Պահրէյն – vestarmensk" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պահրէյն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="vestarmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahr%C3%A8yin" title="Bahrèyin – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bahrèyin" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="বাহৰেইন – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বাহৰেইন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%E1%B8%A5r%C3%A9in" title="Baḥréin – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Baḥréin" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बहराइन – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बहराइन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Var%C3%A9%C4%A9" title="Varéĩ – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Varéĩ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D3%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="БахӀрайн – avarisk" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="БахӀрайн" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%99hreyn" title="Bəhreyn – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bəhreyn" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرئین – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بحرئین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="বাহরাইন – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাহরাইন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрэйн – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бахрэйн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрэйн – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бахрэйн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरीन – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बहरीन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharein" title="Baharein – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Baharein" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="བྷཧ་རཡིན། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བྷཧ་རཡིན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Баһрэйн – burjatisk" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Баһрэйн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – tsjuvansk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bareyn" title="Bareyn – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bareyn" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahr%C3%A9in" title="Bahréin – chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Bahréin" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhahareyini" title="Bhahareyini – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhahareyini" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bareine" title="Bareine – korsikansk" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Bareine" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لبحرين – marokkansk-arabisk" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لبحرين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokkansk-arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%99%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ބަޙްރައިން – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބަޙްރައިން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – lågsorbisk" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बहराइन – doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="बहराइन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="བཧ་རེན་ – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="བཧ་རེན་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Μπαχρέιν – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπαχρέιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Бахрейн Мастор – erzia" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Бахрейн Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar%C3%A9in" title="Baréin – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Baréin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barejno" title="Barejno – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Barejno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barain" title="Barain – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Barain" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahre%C3%AFn" title="Bahreïn – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bahreïn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachrein" title="Bachrein – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bachrein" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bair%C3%A9in" title="Bairéin – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bairéin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn – gagausisk" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Bahreyn" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagausisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachrain" title="Bachrain – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bachrain" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A8" title="બહેરીન – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બહેરીન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरैन – goansk konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="बहरैन" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="goansk konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B8" title="바레인 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바레인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharen" title="Baharen – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Baharen" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharaina" title="Baharaina – hawaiisk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Baharaina" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B6" title="Բահրեյն – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բահրեյն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरीन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बहरीन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – høgsorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="høgsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="বাহরাইন – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="বাহরাইন" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barein" title="Barein – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Barein" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="בחריין – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בחריין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬಹರೇನ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಹರೇನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barein" title="Barein – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Barein" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – karatsjaiisk-balkarsk" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatsjaiisk-balkarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბაჰრეინი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბაჰრეინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – kasjubisk" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bahreyn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahirayini" title="Bahirayini – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Bahirayini" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barayn" title="Barayn – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Barayn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar%C3%A9yn" title="Baréyn – franskguyansk kreol" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Baréyn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="franskguyansk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behreyn" title="Behreyn – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Behreyn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດບາເຣນ – laotisk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດບາເຣນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharina" title="Baharina – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Baharina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreina" title="Bahreina – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bahreina" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Багьрейн – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Багьрейн" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreinas" title="Bahreinas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bahreinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barain" title="Barain – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Barain" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – livvisk" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="livvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – maduresisk" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="maduresisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बहराइन – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बहराइन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бахреин – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бахреин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bareina" title="Bareina – madagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bareina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="ബഹ്റൈൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബഹ്റൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C4%A7rejn" title="Baħrejn – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Baħrejn" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81reina" title="Pāreina – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pāreina" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरैन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बहरैन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბაჰრეინი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბაჰრეინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="البحرين – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="البحرين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯕꯥꯍꯔꯦꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯕꯥꯍꯔꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрэйн – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Бахрэйн" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဘာရိန်းနိုင်ငံ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘာရိန်းနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagraain" title="Bagraain – lågsaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Bagraain" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बहराइन – nepalsk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बहराइन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरिन – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बहरिन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="バーレーン – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バーレーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахьрайн – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бахьрайн" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachrain" title="Bachrain – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bachrain" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barain" title="Barain – pitkairnsk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Barain" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="pitkairnsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barayn" title="Barayn – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Barayn" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrayn" title="Bahrayn – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bahrayn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8" title="ବାହାରିନ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବାହାରିନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baahireen" title="Baahireen – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Baahireen" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrayn" title="Bahrayn – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bahrayn" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8" title="ਬਹਿਰੀਨ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਹਿਰੀਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरैन – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="बहरैन" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parin" title="Parin – amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Parin" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baarien" title="Baarien – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Baarien" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%93" title="បារ៉ែន – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បារ៉ែន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – lågtysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxreyn" title="Baxreyn – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Baxreyn" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Bahreyn" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paqrayin" title="Paqrayin – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Paqrayin" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0h%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Баhрейн – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Баhрейн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareina" title="Pareina – samoansk" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Pareina" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8" title="बहरैन – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बहरैन" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭᱤᱱ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭᱤᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreini" title="Bahreini – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bahreini" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="බහරේනය – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බහරේනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بحرين – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بحرين" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBhaharayi" title="IBhaharayi – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IBhaharayi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrajn" title="Bahrajn – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Bahrajn" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxrayn" title="Baxrayn – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baxrayn" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بەحرەین – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەحرەین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бахреин – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бахреин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="tilrådd artikkel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பகுரைன் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பகுரைன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lba%E1%B8%A5rin" title="Lbaḥrin – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Lbaḥrin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%E1%B8%A5rin" title="Beḥrin – kabylsk" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Beḥrin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%99%D1%85%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бәхрәйн – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бәхрәйн" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B5%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းပႃႇရဵၼ်း – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းပႃႇရဵၼ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="బహ్రెయిన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బహ్రెయిన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barein" title="Barein – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Barein" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศบาห์เรน – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศบาห์เรน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Баҳрайн – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Баҳрайн" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleini" title="Paleini – tongansk" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Paleini" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%86%E1%8E%AD%E1%8E%B4%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%82" title="ᏆᎭᎴᎢᏂ – cherokesisk" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏆᎭᎴᎢᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bahreyn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahre%C3%BDn" title="Bahreýn – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Bahreýn" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%85%E1%A8%96%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A" title="ᨅᨖᨑᨕᨗᨊ – buginesisk" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨅᨖᨑᨕᨗᨊ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бахрейн" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بحرین – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بحرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%DA%BE%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%86" title="بەھرەيىن – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بەھرەيىن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahru%C3%A4ns" title="Bahruäns – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bahruäns" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴林" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn – vestflamsk" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Bahreyn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vestflamsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barein" title="Barein – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Barein" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrayni" title="Bahrayni – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bahrayni" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴林" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="באכריין – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באכריין" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1h%C3%A1r%C3%A1%C3%ACn%C3%AC" title="Báháráìnì – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Báháráìnì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴林" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behreyn" title="Behreyn – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Behreyn" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrein" title="Bahrein – zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Bahrein" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahreins" title="Bahreins – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bahreins" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴林" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahr%C3%A9n" title="Bahrén – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bahrén" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – sentraldusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="sentraldusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahrain" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%99hrejn" title="Bəhrejn – talysj" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Bəhrejn" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" 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dir="ltr"><div align="right">[<a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Fakta_om_Bahrain&action=edit">endre</a>]</div> <table class="infoboks geografi infobox" style="width:46ex; margin-top:0.75em;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="mergedrow" colspan="2">مملكة البحرين Mamlakat al-Bahrayn (norsk: Bahrain, bahrainsk) </th></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> <table style="width: 23em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="vertical-align: middle; align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det bahrainske flagget"><img alt="Det bahrainske flagget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/125px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/188px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/250px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det bahrainske riksvåpenet"><img alt="Det bahrainske riksvåpenet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="819" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Det_bahrainske_flagget" title="Det bahrainske flagget">Flagg</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_bahrainske_riksv%C3%A5penet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det bahrainske riksvåpenet (sida finst ikkje)">Riksvåpen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nasjonalsong" title="Nasjonalsong">Nasjonalsong</a> </td> <td>«<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrainona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrainona (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrainona</a>» </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">Motto</a></td> <td style="font-style: italic;">Ingen </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrain_on_the_globe_(Afro-Eurasia_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geografisk plassering av Bahrain"><img alt="Geografisk plassering av Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg/250px-Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg/375px-Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg/500px-Bahrain_on_the_globe_%28Afro-Eurasia_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="795" /></a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Offisielt_spr%C3%A5k" title="Offisielt språk">Offisielle språk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">Arabisk</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hovudstad" title="Hovudstad">Hovudstad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Styresett" title="Styresett">Styresett</a> <div style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Konge" title="Konge">Konge</a> <a href="/wiki/Statsminister" title="Statsminister">Statsminister</a></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">Monarki</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalifa_bin_Salman_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_flatevidd" title="Verdas land etter flatevidd">Flatevidd</a>  – Totalt  – Andel vatn </td> <td>  760 km² (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_flatevidd" title="Verdas land etter flatevidd">175.</a>) 0 % </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketal" title="Verdas land etter folketal">Folketal</a>  – Estimert (2017)  – Tettleik </td> <td>  1 410 942 (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketal" title="Verdas land etter folketal">152.</a>) 1 856,5 /km² (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketettleik" title="Verdas land etter folketettleik">4.</a>) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Sjølvstende frå <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a> </td> <td valign="bottom"><a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nasjonaldag" title="Nasjonaldag">Nasjonaldag</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/16._desember" title="16. desember">16. desember</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Bruttonasjonalprodukt">BNP</a>  – Totalt (2015)  – Per innbyggjar </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">  64 900 <a href="/wiki/Million" title="Million">mill.</a> <a href="/wiki/USA-amerikansk_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-amerikansk dollar">USD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Verdas land etter bruttonasjonalprodukt">96.</a>) 55 400 <a href="/wiki/US_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="US dollar">USD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_bruttonasjonalprodukt_per_innbyggjar" title="Verdas land etter bruttonasjonalprodukt per innbyggjar">16.</a>) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Valuta" title="Valuta">Valuta</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrainsk_dinar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrainsk dinar (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrainsk dinar</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tidssone" title="Tidssone">Tidssone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC" title="UTC">UTC</a> +3 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Internasjonal_telefonkode" title="Internasjonal telefonkode">Telefonkode</a> </td> <td>+974 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Toppniv%C3%A5domene" title="Toppnivådomene">Toppnivådomene</a> </td> <td>.bh </td></tr></tbody></table> Bahrain (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> البحرين, al-Baḥrayn), offisielt kongedømet Bahrain (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> مملكة البحرين, Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn) er ein liten <a href="/wiki/%C3%98ystat" title="Øystat">øystat</a> nær vestkysten av <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a>. Det er ei <a href="/wiki/%C3%98ygruppe" title="Øygruppe">øygruppe</a> med øya Bahrain, som er den største landmassen med ei lengd på 55 km og ei breidd på 18 km. <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi-Arabia</a> ligg i vest og er knytt til Bahrain via <a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Fahd_Causeway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Fahd Causeway (sida finst ikkje)">King Fahd Causeway</a>, medan <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> ligg 200 km mot nord på andre sida av Persiabukta. Halvøya <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> ligg i søraust, tvers over <a href="/wiki/Bahrainbukta" title="Bahrainbukta">Bahrainbukta</a>. Folketalet etter folketeljinga i 2010 var 1 234 571, medrekna 666 172 utlendingar.<a href="#cite_note-2010-census-1">[1]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilmun-sivilisasjonen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilmun-sivilisasjonen (sida finst ikkje)">Dilmun-sivilisasjonen</a> heldt til i Bahrain i oldtida.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Bahrain var eit av dei fyrste områda som konverterte til <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> i 628 evt. Etter ein periode under <a href="/wiki/Arabarar" title="Arabarar">arabisk</a> styre, vart Bahrain okkupert av <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">portugisarane</a> i 1521, før dei vart drivne bort i 1602 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjah (sida finst ikkje)">sjah</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbas_I_av_Persia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbas I av Persia (sida finst ikkje)">Abbas I</a> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safavidedynastiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safavidedynastiet (sida finst ikkje)">Safavidedynastiet</a> under <a href="/wiki/Persia" title="Persia">Persia</a>. I 1783 tok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bani_Utbah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bani Utbah (sida finst ikkje)">Bani Utbah</a>-klanen Bahrain frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasr_Al-Madhkur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasr Al-Madhkur (sida finst ikkje)">Nasr Al-Madhkur</a> og har sidan vorte styrt av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huset_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huset Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">kongefamilien Al Khalifa</a>, med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_ibn_Muhammed_ibn_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed ibn Muhammed ibn Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Ahmed al Fateh</a> som den fyrste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hakim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hakim (sida finst ikkje)">hakimen</a> i Bahrain. Seint på 1800-talet, etter fleire avtaler med <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">britane</a>, vart Bahrain eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proktektorat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proktektorat (sida finst ikkje)">proktektorat</a> under Storbritannia. I 1971 vart Bahrain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_bahrainske_sj%C3%B8lvstendedagen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den bahrainske sjølvstendedagen (sida finst ikkje)">erklært sjølvstendig</a>. Bahrain var opphavleg eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Staten_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Staten Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">emirat</a>, men vart i 2002 erklært eit <a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">kongedøme</a>. Sidan tidleg i 2011 har landet opplevd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_bahrainske_oppr%C3%B8ret_i_2011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det bahrainske opprøret i 2011 (sida finst ikkje)">stadige demonstrasjonar og uro</a> inspirert av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a>, særleg blant den større <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjia</a>-folkesetnaden.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Bahrain har den fyrste post-oljebaserte økonomien i Persiabukta.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Sidan slutten av 1900-talet har Bahrain investert i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bankvesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bankvesen (sida finst ikkje)">bankvesen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Turisme" title="Turisme">turisme</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EDB-5">[5]</a> Hovudstaden i landet, <a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a>, har fleire finansorganisasjonar. Bahrain har ei høg rangering på <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> (47. i verda i 2016) og er rekna som ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B8g-inntekts%C3%B8konomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Høg-inntektsøkonomi (sida finst ikkje)">høg-inntektsøkonomi</a> av <a href="/wiki/Verdsbanken" title="Verdsbanken">Verdsbanken</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Namnesoge">Namnesoge</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Namnesoge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Namnesoge">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_(crop).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png/220px-Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png/330px-Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png/440px-Bellin_-_Karte_von_der_K%C3%BCste_von_Arabien_c.1745_%28crop%29.png 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="666" /></a><figcaption>Eit kart frå 1745 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques-Nicolas_Bellin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques-Nicolas Bellin (sida finst ikkje)">Bellin</a> av den historiske regionen Bahrain</figcaption></figure> På arabisk er Bahrayn dobbelforma av bahr («sjø»), slik at al-Bahrayn tyder «dei to sjøane», sjølv om ein ikkje er sikker på kva to sjøar namnet opphavleg viste til.<a href="#cite_note-EoI-6">[6]</a> Namnet dukkar opp fem gonger i <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a>, men referer ikkje til den moderne øya, som av arabarane opphavleg vart kalla Awal, men i staden til heile Aust-Arabia (hovudsakleg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Katif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Katif (sida finst ikkje)">al-Katif</a> og <a href="/wiki/Al-Hasa" title="Al-Hasa">al-Hasa</a>).<a href="#cite_note-EoI-6">[6]</a> I dag vert dei «to sjøane» til Bahrain hovudsakleg rekna som den austlege og vestlege sida av øya,<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> nord- og sørsida av øya,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> eller salt- og ferskvatnet som finst over og under bakken.<a href="#cite_note-Faroughy-9">[9]</a> I tillegg til brunnar, er det område av sjøen nord for Bahrain der ferskvatn piplar opp i midten av saltvatnet, noko som har vore kjent sidan antikken.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Ein alternativ teori er at opphavet til namnet Bahrain syner til regionen al-Ahsa, som indikerer at dei to sjøane var havet og ein fredleg innsjø på det arabiske fastlandet. Fram til seint i <a href="/wiki/Mellomalderen" title="Mellomalderen">mellomalderen</a> vart «Bahrain» nytta om <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">regionen Aust-Arabia</a> som omfatta Sør-Irak, Kuwait, Al-Hasa, Qatif og Bahrain. Regionen strekte seg frå <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a> i Irak til <a href="/wiki/Hormuzsundet" title="Hormuzsundet">Hormuzsundet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>. Når «Bahrain» byrja berre å verte nytta om Awal-øygruppa er ukjent.<a href="#cite_note-Rentz-11">[11]</a> Heile kyststripa av Aust-Arabia vart kalla «Bahrain» i tusen år.<a href="#cite_note-maj-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidlegaste_kjende_historie">Tidlegaste kjende historie</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Tidlegaste kjende historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidlegaste kjende historie">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg/220px-AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg/330px-AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg/440px-AncientTombsOfBahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption>Kart som syner plasseringa til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilmun-gravhaugane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilmun-gravhaugane (sida finst ikkje)">gamle gravhaugar</a>. Det er estimert i alt 350 000 gravhaugar.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png/220px-SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png/330px-SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png/440px-SassanianEmpireHistoryofIran.png 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="679" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sassanidane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanidane">Persia i sassanide-tida</a> på sitt største under regjeringstida til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khosrau_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khosrau II (sida finst ikkje)">Khosrau II</a> (590–628).</figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilmun-sivilisasjonen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilmun-sivilisasjonen (sida finst ikkje)">Dilmun-sivilisasjonen</a> heldt til i Bahrain, og var eit viktig handelssenter i <a href="/wiki/Bronsealderen" title="Bronsealderen">bronsealderen</a> som knytte <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> til <a href="/wiki/Indus" title="Indus">Indusdalen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Bahrain vart seinare styrt av <a href="/wiki/Assyrarar" title="Assyrarar">assyrarar</a> og <a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">babylonarar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Frå 500- til 200-talet fvt. vart Bahrain underlagd <a href="/wiki/Persia" title="Persia">Persia</a> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akamenide-dynastiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akamenide-dynastiet (sida finst ikkje)">Akamenide-dynastiet</a>. Kring 250 fvt. fekk <a href="/wiki/Partia" title="Partia">Partia</a> kontroll over Persiabukta og strekte makta si så langt som til <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>. Partarane oppretta garnisonar langs sørkysten av Persiabukta for å kontrollere handelsrutene.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> I <a href="/wiki/Antikken" title="Antikken">antikken</a> vart Bahrain av <a href="/wiki/Hellas_i_antikken" title="Hellas i antikken">dei gamle grekarane</a> kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tylos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tylos (sida finst ikkje)">Tylos</a>, senteret for perlehandel, då den greske admiralen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nearkhos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nearkhos (sida finst ikkje)">Nearkhos</a>, som tente under <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_den_store" title="Aleksander den store">Aleksander den store</a>, oppdaga Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarsen198313-16">[16]</a> Ein trur at Nearkhos var den fyrste av kommandantane til Aleksander som vitja øya, og han fann eit fraudig land som ein del av eit breitt handelsnettverk. Han skreiv: «På øya Tylos, i Persiabukta, er det store plantasjar med bomullstre, og frå desse vert det produsert klede kalla sindones, som varierer i kvalitet frå dyre til mindre dyre. Desse vert ikkje berre nytta i India, men over heile Arabia.»<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Den greske historikaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theofrastos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theofrastos (sida finst ikkje)">Theofrastos</a> skreiv at mykje av Bahrain var dekt av desse bomullstrea og at Bahrain var kjend for å eksportere stokkar med inngraverte emblem som var vanleg å gå med i Babylon.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Aleksander hadde planar om å flytte greske kolonistar til Bahrain, og sjølv om det ikkje er klårt om dette skjedde i så stor grad som han hadde sett føre seg, var Bahrain i stor grad ein del av den greske verda. Språket til dei øvre klassane var gresk (sjølv om arameisk vart nytta i daglegtale), medan <a href="/wiki/Zevs" title="Zevs">Zevs</a> vart dyrka i form av den arabiske solguden Shams.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Bahrain var til og med vertskap for greske idrettskonkurransar.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Den greske historikaren <a href="/wiki/Strabon" title="Strabon">Strabon</a> trudde at <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8nikarane" class="mw-redirect" title="Fønikarane">fønikarane</a> opphavleg kom frå Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Herodotos" class="mw-redirect" title="Herodotos">Herodotos</a> hadde same oppfatning.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Denne teorien vart godteken av den tyske historikaren Arnold Heeren på 1800-talet, som sa at: «I dei greske geografiverka kan ein til dømes lese om to øyar, kalla Tyrus eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tylos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tylos (sida finst ikkje)">Tylos</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Arad_i_Bahrain" title="Arad i Bahrain">Arad i Bahrain</a>, som hevda å vere heimlandet til fønikarane, og har spor etter fønikiske tempel.»<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Folket i <a href="/wiki/Tyr_i_Libanon" title="Tyr i Libanon">Tyr</a> har lenge hevda å stamme frå <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a>, og ein har merka seg likskapen mellom orda «Tylos» og «Tyr».<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Ein har derimot ikkje funne spor etter busetnader i Bahrain på den tida då ei slik folkevandring visstnok skal ha funne stad.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Ein trur at namnet Tylos er ei hellenisering av det semittiske namnet Tilmun (frå <a href="/wiki/Dilmun" title="Dilmun">Dilmun</a>).<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Omgrepet Tylos vart ofte nytta om øyane fram til <a href="/wiki/Klaudios_Ptolemaios" title="Klaudios Ptolemaios">Klaudios Ptolemaios</a> sitt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geografia_av_Klaudios_Ptolemaios&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geografia av Klaudios Ptolemaios (sida finst ikkje)">Geografia</a> då innbyggjarane vart kalla 'thilouanoi'.<a href="#cite_note-Jean_Francois_Salles_p132-28">[28]</a> Somme stadnamn i Bahrain går attende til Tylos-tida, til dømes forstaden Arad i <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>, som ein trur kjem frå «Arados», det gamle greske namnet på Muharraq.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarsen198313-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Før-islamsk_tid">Før-islamsk tid</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Før-islamsk tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Før-islamsk tid">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> På 200-talet evt. marsjerte <a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a>, den fyrste herskaren i <a href="/wiki/Sassanide-dynastiet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanide-dynastiet">Sassanide-dynastiet</a>, mot Oman og Bahrain, der han slo Sanatruq, herskaren i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-books.google-29">[29]</a> På den tida vart Bahrain kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishmahig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mishmahig (sida finst ikkje)">Mishmahig</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Yoma-30">[30]</a> Det vart dyrka ein hai-guddom på Bahrain kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Awal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awal (sida finst ikkje)">Awal</a>. Tilbedarane bygde ein stor statue til Awal i <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>, men denne har sidan gått tapt. I mange hundreår etter Tylos, vart Bahrian kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Awal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awal (sida finst ikkje)">Awal</a>. På 400-talet vart Bahrain eit senter for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nestoriansk_kristendom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nestoriansk kristendom (sida finst ikkje)">nestoriansk kristendom</a>, med landsbyen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samahij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samahij (sida finst ikkje)">Samahij</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> som sete for biskopane. I 410 vart, ifylgje kyrkjebøkene til den austsyriske kyrkja, ein biskop kalla Batai lyst i bann frå kyrkja i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-Jean_Francois_Salles_p132-28">[28]</a> Som ei sekt vart nesstorianarane ofte jaga som heidningar av <a href="/wiki/Austromarriket" title="Austromarriket">Austromarriket</a>, men Bahrain var for langt borte til at aust-romarane nådde dei, så dei var etter måten trygge. Namnet på fleire av landsbyane kring <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a> syner spor av den kristne historia i Bahrain, og <a href="/wiki/Al_Dair" title="Al Dair">Al Dair</a> tyder til dømes «klosteret». Den førislamske folkesetnaden i Bahrain var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiske_kristne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabiske kristne (sida finst ikkje)">arabiske kristne</a> (hovudsakleg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_al-Qays&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abd al-Qays (sida finst ikkje)">Abd al-Qays</a>), persarar (<a href="/wiki/Parsisme" title="Parsisme">parsistar</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B8dar_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jødar i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">jødar</a><a href="#cite_note-orig-32">[32]</a> og <a href="/wiki/Arameisk" title="Arameisk">arameisk</a>-talande bønder.<a href="#cite_note-ram-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-om-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Ifylgje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bertram_Serjeant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Bertram Serjeant (sida finst ikkje)">Robert Bertram Serjeant</a>, kan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baharna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baharna (sida finst ikkje)">baharna</a> vere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisert (sida finst ikkje)">arabiserte</a> «etterkomarar av konvertittar frå dei opphavlege kristne (arameiske), jødiske og persiske innbyggjarane busette på øya og dyrka kystprovinsane i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Aust-Arabia</a> i tida under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_muslimske_invasjonen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den muslimske invasjonen (sida finst ikkje)">den muslimske invasjonen</a>».<a href="#cite_note-ram-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Robert_Bertram_Serjeant_1968_488-36">[36]</a> Dei fastbuande i det førislamske Bahrain var <a href="/wiki/Arameisk" title="Arameisk">arameisk</a>-talande og til ein viss grad persisk-talande, medan <a href="/wiki/Gammalsyrisk" title="Gammalsyrisk">gammalsyrisk</a> verka som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgisk_spr%C3%A5k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgisk språk (sida finst ikkje)">liturgisk språk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-om-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muhammed-tida">Muhammed-tida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Muhammed-tida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Muhammed-tida">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png/220px-Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png/330px-Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png/440px-Muhammad_Bahrain_letter_facsimile.png 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Faksimile" title="Faksimile">Faksimile</a> av eit brev sendt av <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Munzir_ibn-Sawa_al-Tamimi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Munzir ibn-Sawa al-Tamimi (sida finst ikkje)">Munzir ibn-Sawa al-Tamimi</a>, guvernøren i Bahrain i 628 evt.</figcaption></figure> Den fyrste samhandlinga til <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> med folket i Bahrain var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Kudr-invasjonen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Kudr-invasjonen (sida finst ikkje)">Al Kudr-invasjonen</a>. Muhammed gav ordre om eit overraskingsåtak mot Banu Salim-stamma fordi dei visstnok planla eit åtak mot <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>. Han hadde fått meldingar om at somme stammer samla saman ein hær for å marsjere frå Bahrain. Men stammemennene trekte seg attende då dei fekk vite at Muhammed leia ein armé for å møte dei.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Ifylgje tradisjonelle islamske soger, skal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-%CA%BFAl%C4%81%CA%BE_Al-Ha%E1%B8%8Drami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-ʿAlāʾ Al-Haḍrami (sida finst ikkje)">Al-ʿAlāʾ Al-Haḍrami</a> ha vorte sendt som eit sendebod under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekspedisjonen_til_Zaid_ibn_Haritha_(Hisma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekspedisjonen til Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma) (sida finst ikkje)">ekspedisjonen til Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma)</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-history-40">[40]</a> til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regionen_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regionen Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain-regionen</a> av profeten <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> i 628 evt. og at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Munzir_ibn-Sawa_al-Tamimi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Munzir ibn-Sawa al-Tamimi (sida finst ikkje)">Munzir ibn-Sawa al-Tamimi</a>, den lokale herskaren, svarte med å konvertere heile området.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islamsk_tid">Islamsk tid</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Islamsk tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Islamsk tid">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> I 899 tok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qarmatarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qarmatarar (sida finst ikkje)">qarmatarar</a>, ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Millenarianisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Millenarianisme (sida finst ikkje)">millenarisk</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ismailsisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ismailsisme (sida finst ikkje)">ismailsk</a> muslimsk sekt Bahrain, og prøvde å skape eit utopisk samfunn basert på fornuft og byting av eigedom mellom initiativtakarane. Etter dette kravde qarmatarane skatt frå kalifen i <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>, og i 930 evt. plyndra dei <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> og <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, og tok med seg den heilage svarte steinen i <a href="/wiki/Kaba" title="Kaba">Kaba</a> attende til basen sin i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regionen_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regionen Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Ahsa</a> i Bahrain, for å få løysepengar. Ifylgje historikaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Juwayni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Juwayni (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Juwayni</a>, vart steinen gjeven attende 22 år seinare i 951, under mystiske omstende. Innpakka i ein sekk, vart steinen kasta inn i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_store_moskeen_i_Kufa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den store moskeen i Kufa (sida finst ikkje)">Den store moskeen i Kufa</a> i Irak, i lag med ei melding som sa «Me vart kommanderte til å ta han, og me vart kommanderte til å gje han attende.» Tjuveriet og fjerninga av den svarte steinen gjorde at han braut sundt i sju bitar.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-glasse-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Etter å ha tapt for <a href="/wiki/Abbasidane" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasidane">abbasidane</a> i 976 evt.,<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-45">[45]</a> vart qarmatarane styrta av det arabiske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ujunidane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ujunidane (sida finst ikkje)">Ujunide</a>-dynastiet i <a href="/wiki/Al-Hasa" title="Al-Hasa">al-Hasa</a>, som tok over heile Bahrain-regionen i 1076.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Ujunidane kontrollerte Bahrain fram til 1235, då øygruppa ei kort stund vart okkupert av den persiske herskaren av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fars-provinsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fars-provinsen (sida finst ikkje)">Fars</a>. I 1253 styrta dei <a href="/wiki/Beduin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beduin">beduinske</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Usfuridane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Usfuridane (sida finst ikkje)">usfuridane</a> Ujunide-dynastiet, og fekk slik kontroll over det austlege <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-disambig" title="Arabia">Arabia</a>, inkludert øyane i Bahrain. I 1330 vart øygruppa underordna herskarane i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ormus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ormus (sida finst ikkje)">Hormuz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rentz-11">[11]</a> men lokalt vart øyane kontrollerte av det sjiamuslimske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jarwanidane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jarwanidane (sida finst ikkje)">Jarwanide</a>-dynastiet i <a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Midt på 1400-talet kom øygruppa under styret til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jabridane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jabridane (sida finst ikkje)">jabridane</a>, eit beduindynasti basert i Al-Ahsa som styrte det meste av det austlege Arabia. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugisisk_kontroll">Portugisisk kontroll</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Portugisisk kontroll" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Portugisisk kontroll">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:AradFort.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/AradFort.jpg/220px-AradFort.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/AradFort.jpg/330px-AradFort.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/AradFort.jpg/440px-AradFort.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arad_fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arad fort (sida finst ikkje)">Arad fort</a> i <a href="/wiki/Arad_i_Bahrain" title="Arad i Bahrain">Arad</a>; bygd før portugisarane tok over kontrollen.</figcaption></figure> I 1521 hærtok <a href="/wiki/Det_portugisiske_imperiet" title="Det portugisiske imperiet">portugisarane</a>, som var alliert med Hormuz, Bahrain frå jabride-herskaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Migrin_ibn_Zamil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Migrin ibn Zamil (sida finst ikkje)">Migrin ibn Zamil</a>, som vart drepen under land-vininga. Portugisarane styrte området i kring 80 år, men var i denne tida i stor grad avhengig av <a href="/wiki/Sunniislam" title="Sunniislam">sunnimuslimske</a> persiske guvernørar.<a href="#cite_note-Rentz-11">[11]</a> Portugisarane vart drivne bort frå øyane i 1602 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbas_I_av_Persia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbas I av Persia (sida finst ikkje)">Abbas I</a> av <a href="/wiki/Safavidane" title="Safavidane">Safavide</a>-dynastiet i <a href="/wiki/Persia" title="Persia">Persia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> som gav drivkraft til <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjiaislam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Dei neste to hundreåra fekk persiske herskarar kontroll over øygruppa, avbroten i 1717 og 1738 av invasjonane til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibadhidane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibadhidane (sida finst ikkje)">ibadhidane</a> i Oman.<a href="#cite_note-cole-50">[50]</a> I det meste av denne perioden, tydde dei til å styre Bahrain omveges, anten gjennom byen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushehr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bushehr (sida finst ikkje)">Bushehr</a> eller gjennom <a href="/wiki/Immigrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrant">immigrerande</a> sunni-arabiske klanar. Desse klanane var stammer som kom attende til den arabiske sida av Persiabukta frå dei persiske områda i nord, som vart kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huwala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huwala (sida finst ikkje)">Huwala</a> (som tyder: dei som har endra seg eller flytta).<a href="#cite_note-Rentz-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-McCoy-52">[52]</a> I 1753, invaderte Huwala-klanen i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasr_Al-Madhkur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasr Al-Madhkur (sida finst ikkje)">Nasr Al-Madhkur</a> Bahrain på vegner av den iranske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zand-dynastiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zand-dynastiet (sida finst ikkje)">Zand</a>-leiaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karim_Khan_Zand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karim Khan Zand (sida finst ikkje)">Karim Khan Zand</a> og innførte beinveges iransk styre att.<a href="#cite_note-McCoy-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1782–1783_–_uro_i_Bahrain">1782–1783 – uro i Bahrain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Endre bolk: 1782–1783 – uro i Bahrain" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1782–1783 – uro i Bahrain">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> I 1783 tapte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasr_Al-Madhkur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasr Al-Madhkur (sida finst ikkje)">Nasr Al-Madhkur</a>, herskaren i Bahrain og Bushire, øyane i Bahrain etter nederlaget sitt mot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bani_Utbah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bani Utbah (sida finst ikkje)">Bani Utbah</a>-stamma i slaget ved <a href="/wiki/Zubarah" title="Zubarah">Zubarah</a> i 1782. Bahrain var ikkje nytt territorium for Bani Utbah, sidan dei hadde vore der sidan 1600-talet.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> På denne tida byrja dei å kjøpe daddelpalmehagar i Bahrain. Eit dokument syner at 81 år før Al-Khalifa kom til Bahrain, hadde ein av sjeikane i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Bin_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Bin Ali (sida finst ikkje)">Al Bin Ali</a>-stamma (ei grein av Bani Utbah) kjøpt ein palmehage frå Mariam bint Ahmed Al Sindi på øya <a href="/wiki/Sitra" title="Sitra">Sitra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Al Bin Ali var den dominerande gruppa som kontrollerte byen Zubarah på Qatarhalvøya,<a href="#cite_note-Arabia's_Frontiers_p44-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> opphavleg maktsenterert til Bani Utbah. Etter at Bani Utbah fekk kontroll over Bahrain, var Al Bin Ali i røynda sjølvstendig. Dei brukte eit flagg med fire raude og tre kvite striper, kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Sulami-flagget&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Sulami-flagget (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Sulami-flagget</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> i Bahrain, Qatar, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> og den austlege provinsen av kongedømet Saudi-Arabia. Seinare flytte ulike arabiske familieklanar og stammer frå Qatar til Bahrain for å slå seg ned der, etter fallet til Nasr Al-Madhkur i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushehr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bushehr (sida finst ikkje)">Bushehr</a>. Desse familiane var mellom andre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Al Khalifa</a>, Al-Ma'awdah, Al-Fadhil, Al-Mannai, Al-Noaimi, Al-Sulaiti, Al-Sadah, Al-Thawadi og andre familiar og stammer.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Al Khalifa-familien flytte til Bahrain i 1797. Opphavleg budde dei i <a href="/wiki/Umm_Qasr" title="Umm Qasr">Umm Qasr</a> der dei plyndra karavanar frå Basra og skip i <a href="/wiki/Shatt_al-Arab" title="Shatt al-Arab">Shatt al-Arab</a> før tyrkarane dreiv dei bort til Kuwait, der dei vart verande til 1766.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Tidleg på 1800-talet vart Bahrain invadert av både omanarane og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabarar (sida finst ikkje)">saudiarabarar</a>. I 1802 vart han styrt av eit tolv år gamalt barn, då den omanske herskaren Sayyid Sultan sette inn sin eigen son, Salim, som guvernør i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arad_fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arad fort (sida finst ikkje)">Arad fort</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> I 1820 vart Al Khalifa-stamma godtekne av Storbritannia som herskarane («Al-Hakim» på arabisk) i Bahrain etter å ha skrive under ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Maritime_Treaty_of_1820&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Maritime Treaty of 1820 (sida finst ikkje)">avtale</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Ti år seinare vart dei tvinga til å betale ein årleg skatt til Egypt, trass i at dei søkte persisk og britisk vern.<a href="#cite_note-NAS-62">[62]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrainharbor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bahrainharbor.jpg/220px-Bahrainharbor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bahrainharbor.jpg/330px-Bahrainharbor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bahrainharbor.jpg/440px-Bahrainharbor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption>Bahrain hamn, kring 1870.</figcaption></figure> I 1860 brukte Al Khalifa-familien same taktikk då britane freista å ta over makta i Bahrain. Dei skreiv brev til persarane og <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_riket" title="Det osmanske riket">osmanane</a>, og Al Khalifa gjekk med på å setje Bahrain under osmansk vern i mars, sidan dei gav betre vilkår. Til slutt tok <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Raj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Raj (sida finst ikkje)">styret i Britisk India</a> over makta i Bahrain då persarane nekta å verne området. Oberst <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Pelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis Pelly (sida finst ikkje)">Pelly</a> skreiv under ei ny avtale med Al Khalifa, der Bahrain kom under britisk styre og vern.<a href="#cite_note-NAS-62">[62]</a> Etter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_qatarsk-bahrainske_krigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den qatarsk-bahrainske krigen (sida finst ikkje)">den qatarsk-bahrainske krigen</a> i 1868, signerte britiske representantar ei ny avtale med Al Khalifa. Denne spesifiserte at herskaren ikkje kunne seie frå seg nokre av territoria sine utanom til Storbritannia og kunne heller ikkje gå inn i avtaler med andre utanlandske regjeringar utan britisk samtykke.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-TPG-64">[64]</a> Til attergjeld skulle britane love å verne Bahrain frå alle åtak til sjøs og gje dei støtte i tilfelle dei vart åtekne på land.<a href="#cite_note-TPG-64">[64]</a> Endå viktigare var det at britane lova å støtte styret til Al Khalifa i Bahrain, og sikra den ustabile stillinga som herskarar i landet. Andre avtaler i 1880 og 1892 sikra protektoratstatusen til Bahrain under britane.<a href="#cite_note-TPG-64">[64]</a> Det vart uro blant innbyggjarane i Bahrain då britane offisielt oppretta total dominans over territoriet i 1892. Det fyrste og omfattande opprøret fann stad i mars 1895 mot sjeik Issa bin Ali, som då var herskar i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130-65">[65]</a> Sjeik Issa var den fyrste av Al Khalifa-familien som styrte utan persiske relasjonar. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnold_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnold Wilson (sida finst ikkje)">Sir Arnold Wilson</a>, den britisk representanten i Persiabukta og forfattar av The Gulf of Persia, kom til Bahrain frå Flugat denne gongen.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130-65">[65]</a> Opprøret utvikla seg vidare og somme av demonstrantane vart drepne av britiske styrkar.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130-65">[65]</a> I 1903 vitja den tyske eventyraren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Burchardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Burchardt (sida finst ikkje)">Hermann Burchardt</a> Bahrain og tok mange fotografi av historiske stader, mellom anna den gamle Qaṣr es-Sheik. Desse bileta ligg i dag i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnologisk_museum_i_Berlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnologisk museum i Berlin (sida finst ikkje)">Etnologisk museum i Berlin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidleg_på_1900-talet">Tidleg på 1900-talet</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Endre bolk: Tidleg på 1900-talet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidleg på 1900-talet">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> I 1911 kravde ei gruppe bahrainske kjøpmenn restriksjonar mot den britiske makta i landet. Leiarane for gruppa vart arresterte og sende i eksil til India. I 1923 innførte britane administrative reformer og bytte sjeik Issa bin Ali ut med sonen hans. Somme motstandarar i prestestanden og familiar som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dawasir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dawasir (sida finst ikkje)">al Dossari</a> flytte bort, eller vart sende i eksil, til Saudi-Arabia og Iran.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Tre år seinare sette britane <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> landet under styret til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Belgrave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Belgrave (sida finst ikkje)">Charles Belgrave</a>, som verka som rådgjevar for herskaren fram til 1957.<a href="#cite_note-All_at_sea_over_'the_Gulf'-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-archiveeditions-69">[69]</a> Belgrave innførte ei rekkje reformer, som å opprette den fyrste moderne skulen i landet i 1919, den fyrste jenteskulen i Persiabukta i 1928<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> og avskaffa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisk_slavehandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisk slavehandel (sida finst ikkje)">slaveriet</a> i 1937.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Samstundes utvikla perledykkarindustrien seg kjapt. I 1927 kravde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rez%C4%81_Sh%C4%81h&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rezā Shāh (sida finst ikkje)">Rezā Shāh</a>, som då var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjah_i_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjah i Iran (sida finst ikkje)">sjah i Iran</a>, suverenitet over Bahrain i eit brev til <a href="/wiki/Folkeforbundet" title="Folkeforbundet">Folkeforbundet</a>, noko som fekk Belgrave til å setje i gang harde tiltak, mellom anna å oppfordre til konfliktar mellom <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjia-</a> og sunnimuslimar for å stogge opprøra og avgrense påverknaden til Iran.<a href="#cite_note-ICB-72">[72]</a> Belgrave gjekk til og med endå lenger og kom med framlegg om å omdøype <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a> til «Arabiabukta», men dette framlegget vart avslege av den britiske regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-All_at_sea_over_'the_Gulf'-68">[68]</a> Interessa til Storbritannia i utviklinga til Bahrain kom av uro over ambisjonane til Saudi-Arabia og Iran i regionen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_Petroleum_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain Petroleum Company (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain Petroleum Company</a> (Bapco), eit dotterselskap av <a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil_Company" title="Standard Oil Company">Standard Oil Company</a> frå California (Socal),<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> oppdaga olje i 1931 og produksjonen kom i gang året etter. Dette førte til snøgg modernisering av Bahrain. Tilhøvet til Storbritannia vart tettare, noko ein kan sjå ved at britiske <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> flytte heile kommandoen sin i Midtausten frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushehr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bushehr (sida finst ikkje)">Bushehr</a> i Iran til Bahrain i 1935.<a href="#cite_note-TBE-74">[74]</a> Tidleg i 1930-åra vart Bahrain lufthamn utvikla. <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Airways" title="Imperial Airways">Imperial Airways</a> flaug dit, mellom anna med flyet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Handley_Page_HP42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handley Page HP42 (sida finst ikkje)">Handley Page HP42</a>. Seinare på tiåret vart Bahrain sjølufthamn oppretta, for flygebåtar og sjøfly.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Bahrain deltok i den <a href="/wiki/Andre_verdskrigen" title="Andre verdskrigen">andre verdskrigen</a> på <a href="/wiki/Dei_allierte_i_andre_verdskrigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dei allierte i andre verdskrigen">dei allierte</a> si side, og gjekk inn i krigen 10. september 1939. Den 19. oktober 1940, bomba fire italienske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Savoia-Marchetti_SM.82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 (sida finst ikkje)">SM.82</a>-bombefly <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombing_av_Bahrain_i_andre_verdskrigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombing av Bahrain i andre verdskrigen (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain</a> i tillegg til <a href="/wiki/Dhahran" title="Dhahran">Dhahran</a>-oljefelta til Saudi-Arabia,<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> med mål om råke dei alliertdrivne oljeraffineria.<a href="#cite_note-Hamza-77">[77]</a> Det vart minimalt med skade på båe stader, men tvinga dei allierte til å oppgradere forsvaret av Bahrain, noko som tøygde militærressurane til dei allierte.<a href="#cite_note-Hamza-77">[77]</a> Etter den andre verdskrigen auka den anti-britisk stemninga gjennom den arabiske verda og førte til opprør i Bahrain. Opprøra fokuserte seg mot det jødiske samfunnet. I 1948, etter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manama-pogromen_i_1948&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manama-pogromen i 1948 (sida finst ikkje)">stadige kampar og plyndringar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-israelnationalnews.com-78">[78]</a> flydde dei fleste jødane i Bahrain frå heimane og eigedomane sine og drog til <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a>, før dei slo seg ned i <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pardes_Hanna-Karkur" title="Pardes Hanna-Karkur">Pardes Hanna-Karkur</a>) og Storbritannia. I 2008 var det 37 jødar att i landet.<a href="#cite_note-israelnationalnews.com-78">[78]</a> I 1950-åra kravde <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Union_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Union Committee (sida finst ikkje)">National Union Committee</a>, danna av reformistar etter sekteriske kampar, eit folkevalt råd, og at Belgrave skulle fjernast. For å få dette til vart det skipa ei rekkje demonstrasjonar og generalstreikar. I 1965 braut ein månad langt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsintifadaen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsintifadaen (sida finst ikkje)">opprør</a> ut etter at hundrevis av arbeidarar i Bahrain Petroleum Company vart oppsagde.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_11.5.2012-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sjølvstende">Sjølvstende</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Endre bolk: Sjølvstende" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sjølvstende">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Manama_Souq_1965.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Manama_Souq_1965.JPG/220px-Manama_Souq_1965.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Manama_Souq_1965.JPG/330px-Manama_Souq_1965.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Manama_Souq_1965.JPG/440px-Manama_Souq_1965.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2208" data-file-height="2184" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manama_souq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manama souq (sida finst ikkje)">Manama souq</a> i 1965.</figcaption></figure> 15. august 1971,<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> sa Bahrain seg sjølvstendig og skreiv under ei ny venskapsavtale med Storbritannia. Bahrain kom inn i Dei sam-einte nasjonane og <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a> seinare på året.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Bahrain nytte godt av oljeboomen i 1970-åra, men den påfylgjande ned-gangen gjekk ut over økonomien. Landet hadde alt byrja å diversifisere økonomien sin og fekk føremon av <a href="/wiki/Den_libanesiske_borgarkrigen" title="Den libanesiske borgarkrigen">den libanesiske borgarkrigen</a> i 1970- og 1980-åra, då Bahrain tok over etter <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> som finanssenter i Midtausten etter at banksektoren i Libanon vart driven ut av landet av krigen.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-83">[83]</a> Etter <a href="/wiki/Den_iranske_revolusjonen" title="Den iranske revolusjonen">den islamske revolusjonen</a> i <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> i 1979, freista bahrainske sjiamuslimar å gjennomføre eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_mislukka_statskuppet_i_Bahrain_i_1981&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det mislukka statskuppet i Bahrain i 1981 (sida finst ikkje)">statskupp i 1981</a> med hjelp av ein frontorganisasjon, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsk_front_for_frigjeringa_av_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsk front for frigjeringa av Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Islamsk front for frigjeringa av Bahrain</a>, men det mislukkast. Hadde kuppet lukkast hadde ein sett inn ein sjia-geistleg som var i eksil i Iran, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hojatoleslam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hojatoleslam (sida finst ikkje)">Hujjatu l-Islām</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadi_al-Modarresi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadi al-Modarresi (sida finst ikkje)">Hādī al-Mudarrisī</a>, som øvste leiar i ei <a href="/wiki/Teokrati" title="Teokrati">teokratisk regjering</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> I desember 1994 kasta ei gruppe ungdomar steinar mot kvinnelege løparar i ein internasjonal maraton, fordi dei sprang med nakne lår. Konflikten som så oppstod med politiet voks til indre uro i landet.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppr%C3%B8r_i_Bahrain_i_1990-%C3%A5ra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opprør i Bahrain i 1990-åra (sida finst ikkje)">folkeopprør</a> pågjekk mellom 1994 og 2000, der venstrefolk, liberale og islamistar gjekk saman.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Opprøra førte til at kring førti personar miste livet og enda etter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamad_ibn_Isa_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa</a> vart emir i Bahrain i 1999.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> Han sette i gang parlamentsval, gav kvinner stemmerett og sleppte fri alle politiske fangar.<a href="#cite_note-AI_Bahr_promising-89">[89]</a> Ei folkerøysting 14–15. februar 2001 gav massiv støtte til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasjonalt_handlingsplan_for_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasjonalt handlingsplan for Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Nasjonal handlingsplan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP-POGAR-90">[90]</a> Då planen sett i verk 14. februar 2002 endra Bahrain formelt namn frå Staten (dawla) Bahrain til Kongedømet Bahrain. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg/220px-Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg/330px-Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg/440px-Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Demonstrantar ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl-rundk%C3%B8yringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl-rundkøyringa (sida finst ikkje)">Pearl-rundkøyringa</a> for fyrste gongen 15. februar 2011.</figcaption></figure> Landet deltok i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krigen_i_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krigen i Afghanistan (2001–) (sida finst ikkje)">militærhandlingane</a> mot <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> i oktober 2001 ved å sende ut ein <a href="/wiki/Fregatt" title="Fregatt">fregatt</a> i Arabiahavet for rednings- og humanitære operasjonar.<a href="#cite_note-Europa-91">[91]</a> På grunn av dette erklærte den amerikanske presidenten <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> Bahrain som ein «viktig <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>-alliert».<a href="#cite_note-Europa-91">[91]</a> Bahrain var imot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasjonen_av_Irak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invasjonen av Irak (sida finst ikkje)">invasjonen av Irak</a> og tilbaud <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> asyl i dagane før invasjonen.<a href="#cite_note-Europa-91">[91]</a> Tilhøvet til nabolandet <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> betra seg etter ein grensestrid om <a href="/wiki/Hawar%C3%B8yane" title="Hawarøyane">Hawarøyane</a> vart løyst i <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_domstolen" title="Den internasjonale domstolen">Den internasjonale domstolen</a> i <a href="/wiki/Haag" title="Haag">Haag</a> i 2001. Etter den politiske frigjeringa av landet har Bahrain tinga fram ein frihandelsavtale med USA i 2004.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bahrainske_opprør">Bahrainske opprør</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Endre bolk: Bahrainske opprør" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bahrainske opprør">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Den sjiamuslimske majoriteten i Bahrain var inspirert av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a> og sette i gang store demonstrasjonar mot dei sunnimuslimske leiarane tidleg i 2011 Bahrain's Shia majority .<a href="#cite_note-reutbahsoe-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-bici-94">[94]</a>:162–3 Regjeringa tillét i starten demonstrasjonane etter eit tidleg raid mot demonstrantar som slo leir ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl-rundk%C3%B8yringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl-rundkøyringa (sida finst ikkje)">Pearl-rundkøyringa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bici-94">[94]</a>:73–4, 88 Ein månad seinare bad dei om tryggingsstøtte frå <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi-Arabia</a> og andre land i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">Golfrådet</a> og kunngjorde ein tre månader lang statleg unnatakstilstand.<a href="#cite_note-bici-94">[94]</a>:132–9 Regjeringa sette så i gang ei rekkje handlingar mot opposisjonen, mellom anna tusenvis av arrestasjonar og systematisk <a href="/wiki/Tortur" title="Tortur">tortur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Nesten daglege trefningar mellom demonstrantar og tryggingsstyrkane førte til at mange vart drepne.<a href="#cite_note-AJE_23.4.2012-100">[100]</a> Det vert framleis utført demonstrasjonar, stundom sett i gang av opposisjonspartia.<a href="#cite_note-reutbahral-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbcbahmar-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-reutbahmass-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-JSC_live_blog_25._januar_2012-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-JSC_112._juli_2016-105">[105]</a> Meir enn 80 sivile og 13 politimenn vart drepne fram til mars 2014.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Endre bolk: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Geografi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="boilerplate seealso"> <dl><dd>For meir om dette emnet, sjå <a href="/wiki/Bahrainsk_geografi" title="Bahrainsk geografi">bahrainsk geografi</a>.</dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrain_map_-_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Bahrain_map_-_2.png/220px-Bahrain_map_-_2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Bahrain_map_-_2.png 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="349" /></a><figcaption>Kart over Bahrain i 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrain14.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bahrain14.JPG/220px-Bahrain14.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bahrain14.JPG/330px-Bahrain14.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bahrain14.JPG/440px-Bahrain14.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1260" data-file-height="910" /></a><figcaption>Ei strand i <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>.</figcaption></figure> Bahrain er ei generell flat og turr <a href="/wiki/%C3%98ygruppe" title="Øygruppe">øygruppe</a> i Persiabukta, aust for Saudi-Arabia. Øyane har låge ørkensletter som stig slakt opp til ein låg, sentral skrent, der det høgaste punktet er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jabal_ad_Dukhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jabal ad Dukhan (sida finst ikkje)">Jabal ad Dukhan</a> (Røykfjellet) på 134 meter over havet.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-108">[108]</a> Bahrain har tradisjonelt hatt eit samla areal på 665 km², men på grunn av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landvinning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landvinning (sida finst ikkje)">landvinning</a>, har arealet auka til 765 km², som er litt større enn Hamburg eller <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-108">[108]</a> Øygruppa vert ofte sagt å ha 33 øyar,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> men omfattande landvinning har endra dette. I august 2008 hadde talet på øyar og mindre øygrupper auka til 84.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Bahrain deler ikkje landegrense med andre land, men har ei 161 km lang kystline. Landet har òg gjort krav på 22 km <a href="/w/index.php?title=Territorialfarvatn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Territorialfarvatn (sida finst ikkje)">territorialfarvatn</a> og ein 44 km stor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilst%C3%B8ytande_sone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilstøytande sone (sida finst ikkje)">tilstøytande sone</a>. Den største øya i Bahrain er <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%98ya_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Øya Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">øya Bahrain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawar%C3%B8yane" title="Hawarøyane">Hawarøyane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umm_an_Nasan" title="Umm an Nasan">Umm an Nasan</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitrah (sida finst ikkje)">Sitrah</a>. Naturressursane i landet omfattar store mengder olje- og naturgass, i tillegg til fisk i farvatnet kring øyane. Den dyrkbare marka utgjer berre 2,82 %<a href="#cite_note-CIA-111">[111]</a> av den samla flatevidda. 92 % av Bahrain er ørken med periodevis <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8rke" title="Tørke">tørke</a> og sandstormar som dei viktigaste naturfarane i landet.<a href="#cite_note-TR-112">[112]</a> Av miljøfarar finn ein ørkenspreiing på grunn av forvitring av avgrensa jordbruk, kystforvitring (øydelegging av kystliner, korallrev og sjøvegetasjon) på grunn av oljeutslepp og andre utslepp frå store tankskip, oljeraffineri, fordelingsstasjonar og ulovleg landvinning på stader som <a href="/wiki/Tublibukta" title="Tublibukta">Tublibukta</a>. Jordbruks- og innanrikssektorane driv overforbruk av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dammamvatnet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dammamvatnet (sida finst ikkje)">Dammamvatnet</a>, den viktigaste, underjordiske vasskjelda til Bahrain, og dette har ført til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saltinnhald_i_jord&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saltinnhald i jord (sida finst ikkje)">forsalting</a> frå tilstøytande brakkvtn og saltvatn.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klima">Klima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Endre bolk: Klima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klima">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Bahrain har svært høg luftråme året rundt, sett bort frå når varm og turr luft blæs frå landområda kring. <a href="/wiki/Zagrosfjella" class="mw-redirect" title="Zagrosfjella">Zagrosfjella</a> på andre sida av Persiabukta i Iran skapar ein lågtliggjande vind som er rett rett mot Bahrain. Sandstormar frå Irak og Saudi-Arabia vert førte inn i Bahrain av nordvestlege vindar, heimleg kalla <a href="/wiki/Shamal" title="Shamal">shamalvinden</a>, og dette kan føre til redusert sikt i juni og juli.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Det kjem likevel lite nedbør, berre litt under 100 mm på eit normalt år. Det vesle som kjem fell som regel mellom november og mars. Landet har likevel store <a href="/wiki/Grunnvatn" title="Grunnvatn">grunnvassreservoar</a>. Sumrane er særs varme. Havområdet kring Bahrain er særs grunt, og vert raskt varma opp om sumaren og skapar høg <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5me" class="mw-redirect" title="Råme">råme</a>, særleg om natta. Høge <a href="/wiki/Temperatur" title="Temperatur">temperaturar</a> frå april til oktober fører til svært trykkjande varme som kan kjennast fæl. Vintertemperaturane er meir til å halde ut, men av og til kan ein kjølig nordleg <a href="/wiki/Vind" title="Vind">vind</a> frå <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> føre til lågare temperaturar. <a href="/wiki/Middeltemperatur" title="Middeltemperatur">Middeltemperaturen</a> er 17 °C i januar, 34 °C i august. August og september er dei varmaste månadene og temperaturen kan då stige til over 40 °C. Om sumaren kan temperaturen nå 50 °C under dei rette tilhøva.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div style="width:70%"> <div> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:60%; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.1em; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Vêrdata for Manama </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">Mai </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Okt </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Des </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">År </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="height: 16px; text-align:left; color:#000000;">Gjennomsnittleg maks °C </th> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;">20 </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;">21,2 </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;">24,7 </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;">29,2 </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;">34,1 </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;">36,4 </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;">37,9 </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;">38 </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;">36,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;">33,1 </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;">27,8 </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;">22,3 </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">30,1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="height: 16px; text-align:left; color:#000000;">Gjennomsnittleg min °C </th> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;">14,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;">14,9 </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;">17,8 </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;">21,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;">26 </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;">28,8 </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;">30,4 </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;">30,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;">28,6 </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;">25,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;">21,2 </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;">16,2 </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">23 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="height: 16px; text-align:left; color:#000000;">Gjennomsnittleg <a href="/wiki/Nedb%C3%B8r" title="Nedbør">nedbør</a> mm </th> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;">14,6 </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;">16 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;">13,9 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;">10 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;">1,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;">0,5 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;">3,8 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;">10,9 </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">70,8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="height: 16px; text-align:left; color:#000000;">Gns. dagar med regn </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;">2 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;">1,9 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;">1,9 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;">1,4 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;">0,2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;">0,1 </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;">0,7 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;">1,7 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">9,9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:88%;">Kjelde: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Meteorological Organisation">World Meteorological Organisation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_nasjonane" title="Dei sameinte nasjonane">UN</a>) <a href="#cite_note-WMO-116">[116]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="clear: both"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natur">Natur</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Endre bolk: Natur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Natur">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg/220px-Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg/330px-Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg/440px-Birds_in_Al-Areen_Wildlife_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Storflamingo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Storflamingo (sida finst ikkje)">Storflamingoar</a> (Phoenicopterus roseus) lever naturleg i Bahrain.</figcaption></figure> Det er blitt registrert meir enn 330 fuglearter i Bahrain, 26 arter som hekkar i landet. Millionar av trekkfuglar flyg gjennom Persiabukta om vinteren og hausten.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Ei globalt utryddingstruga art, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlamydotis_undulata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlamydotis undulata (sida finst ikkje)">Chlamydotis undulata</a>, er å sjå på hausten.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Dei mange øyane og grunne farvatna kring Bahrain er viktige hekkeområde for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phalacrocorax_nigrogularis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phalacrocorax nigrogularis (sida finst ikkje)">Phalacrocorax nigrogularis</a>, og det er registrert opp til 100 000 fuglepar på Hawarøyane.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Berre 18 pattedyrarter er registrerte i Bahrain, og dyr som <a href="/wiki/Gasellar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasellar">gasellar</a>, ørkenkanin og <a href="/wiki/Pinnsvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnsvin">piggsvin</a> er vanlege, men <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisk_oryx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisk oryx (sida finst ikkje)">arabisk oryx</a> er vorten utrydda frå øyane på grunn av jakt.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Det er registrert 25 arter <a href="/wiki/Amfibium" title="Amfibium">amfibium</a> og <a href="/wiki/Reptil" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptil">reptil</a>, i tillegg til 21 arter med <a href="/wiki/Sommarfugl" class="mw-redirect" title="Sommarfugl">sumarfuglar</a> og 307 plantearter.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Det marine plante- og dyrelivet er mangfelt og omfattar store område med sjøgrasbotn og gjørmete strender og nokre <a href="/wiki/Korallrev" title="Korallrev">korallrev</a>. Sjøgrasbotnen er viktige furasjeringsområde for somme utryddingstruga arter som <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B8kyr" title="Sjøkyr">sjøkyr</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suppeskjelpadde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suppeskjelpadde (sida finst ikkje)">suppeskjelpadde</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBD-118">[118]</a> I 2003 forbaud Bahrain jakt på <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B8kyr" title="Sjøkyr">sjøkyr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Havskjelpadder" title="Havskjelpadder">havskjelpadder</a> og <a href="/wiki/Delfinar" class="mw-redirect" title="Delfinar">delfinar</a> innanfor territorialfarvatnet sitt.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Hawarøyane verneområde er eit viktig fôr- og hekkeområde for mange trekkfuglar, og er ein internasjonalt hylla stad for <a href="/wiki/Fugletrekk" title="Fugletrekk">fugletrekk</a>. Hekkekoloniane av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sokotraskarv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sokotraskarv (sida finst ikkje)">sokotraskarv</a> på Hawarøyane er dei største i verda, og sjøkyr et kring øyane. Dette er den nest største gruppa sjøkyr i verda etter Australia.<a href="#cite_note-CBD-118">[118]</a> Bahrain har fem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verneommr%C3%A5de&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verneommråde (sida finst ikkje)">verneommråde</a>, fire av dei marine.<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a> Desse er: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawar%C3%B8yane" title="Hawarøyane">Hawarøyane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashtan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashtan (sida finst ikkje)">Mashtan</a>, ei øy utanfor kysten av Bahrain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arad_i_Bahrain" title="Arad i Bahrain">Aradbukta</a> i Muharraq.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tublibukta" title="Tublibukta">Tublibukta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Areen_dyrepark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Areen dyrepark (sida finst ikkje)">Al Areen dyrepark</a>, som er ein dyrepark og avlssenter for utryddingstruga dyrearter..<a href="#cite_note-Fuller-117">[117]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politikk">Politikk</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Endre bolk: Politikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Politikk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg/220px-Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg/330px-Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg/440px-Hamad-Bin-Isa-Al-Khalifa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="897" data-file-height="1371" /></a><figcaption>Sjeik Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, kongen av Bahrain.</figcaption></figure> Bahrain hevdar under Al-Khalifa-regimet å vere eit <a href="/wiki/Konstitusjonelt_monarki" title="Konstitusjonelt monarki">konstitusjonelt monarki</a> leia av ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongen_av_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongen av Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">konge</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah (sida finst ikkje)">sjeik Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a>, men på grunn av diktatorisk undertrykking, mangel på parlamentarisk makt og mangel på sjølvstendig rettsvesen, er dei fleste observatørar samde om at Bahrain er eit absolutt monarki. Kong Hamad har stor utøvande makt som omfattar å utpeike <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statsminister_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statsminister i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">statsministeren</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_bahrainske_regjeringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den bahrainske regjeringa (sida finst ikkje)">ministrane</a>, kommandere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_bahrainske_forsvaret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det bahrainske forsvaret (sida finst ikkje)">hæren</a>, leie <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_bahrainske_domstolen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den bahrainske domstolen (sida finst ikkje)">høgsteretten</a>, utpeike <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A5dgjevingsutvalet_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rådgjevingsutvalet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">øvre helvta</a> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasjonalr%C3%A5det_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasjonalrådet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">parlamentet</a> og oppløyse den valde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Representantr%C3%A5det_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Representantrådet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">nedre helvta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bici-94">[94]</a>(p15) Statsleiaren er den utvalde statsministeren, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalifah_bin_Salman_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalifah bin Salman Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">sjeik Khalīfa bin Salman Al Khalifa</a>, onkelen til den noverande kongen, som har hatt denne stillinga sidan 1971. Det gjer han til den lengstsitjande statsministeren i verda.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> I 2010 var kring halvparten av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_bahrainske_regjeringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den bahrainske regjeringa (sida finst ikkje)">regjeringa</a> personar frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Khalifa-familien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Khalifa-familien (sida finst ikkje)">Al Khalifa-familien</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Bahrain har eit to-kamra Nasjonalforsamling (al-Jam'iyyah al-Watani) som er samansett av Shura-rådet (Majlis Al-Shura) med 40 seter og Representantrådet (Majlis Al-Nuwab) med 40 seter. Dei 40 medlemene i Shuraen vert utpeikte av kongen. I Representantrådet vert dei 40 medlemene valde ved absolutt fleirtal medlem for medlem for ein periode på fire år.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Det utpeikte rådet «utøver <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> veto» over dei valde, sidan lovforslag må godkjennast av dei før det vert ei lov. Etter godkjenninga kan kongen ratifisere og utstede lova, eller sende ho attende i løpet av seks månader til Nasjonalrådet, der ho berre kan verte vedteken ved to tredels fleirtal.<a href="#cite_note-bici-94">[94]</a>(p15) I 1973 heldt landet det fyrste parlamentsvalet sitt, men to år seinare oppløyste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa_bin_Salman_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">den avdøde emiren</a> parlamentet og stogga grunnlova, etter at parlamentet hadde avvist ei statleg tryggleikslov.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_11.5.2012-79">[79]</a> I perioden mellom 2002 og 2010 var det tre parlamentsval. Det fyrste, i 2002, vart boikotta av opposisjonen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Wefaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Wefaq (sida finst ikkje)">Al Wefaq</a>, som vann eit fleirtal i det andre valet i 2006 og det tredje i 2010.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Suppleringsvalet i 2011 skulle skifte ut 18 medlemer av Al Wefaq som sa opp i protest mot strenge restriksjonar frå regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-ThReut_boycott-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT_violence-124">[124]</a> Då politikken vart friare gjorde både sjia- og sunni-<a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">islamistar</a> store framsteg i vala, noko som gav dei ei parlamentarisk plattform for politikken sin.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Det gav nye framspring for dei geistlege i det politiske systemet, og den øvste religiøse leiaren til sjiamuslimane, sjeik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa_Qassim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isa Qassim (sida finst ikkje)">Isa Qassim</a>, spelte ei viktig rolle. Dette kom særleg til syne i 2005 då regjeringa avlyste sjia-greina av «Familielova» etter over 100 000 sjiamuslimar tok til gatene. Islamistar var imot lova fordi «korkje valde parlamentsmedlemer eller regjeringa har makt til å endre lova fordi desse institusjonane kan mistolke Guds ord». Lova vart støtta av kvinnelege aktivistar som sa dei «leid i det stille». Dei klarte å organisere eit demonstrasjonstog med 500 medlemer.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghada_Jamsheer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghada Jamsheer (sida finst ikkje)">Ghada Jamsheer</a>, ein leiande kvinneleg aktivist<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> sa regjeringa brukte lova som «eit forhandlingsverktøy med islamske grupper i opposisjonen».<a href="#cite_note-GJ_18.12.2006-130">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Menneskerettar">Menneskerettar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Endre bolk: Menneskerettar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Menneskerettar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg/220px-Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg/330px-Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg/440px-Abdulredha_Buhmaid_on_floor.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption>Bahrainske demonstrantar skotne av tryggingsstyrkar, februar 2011.</figcaption></figure> Perioden mellom 1975 og 1999 vert kalla tryggleikslov-tida, der det var ei rekkje brot på menneskerettane, som tilfeldige arrestasjonar, fengsling utan rettssaker, tortur og tvinga eksil.<a href="#cite_note-Amnesty_27.9.1995-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRW_1.6.1997-132">[132]</a> Etter at emiren Hamad Al Khalifa (no konge) tok over etter faren Isa Al Khalifa i 1999, innførte han mange reformer og menneskerettane betra seg kraftig.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Dette vart av <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> skildra som «ei historisk tid for menneskerettar».<a href="#cite_note-AI_Bahr_promising-89">[89]</a> Tilhøva for menneskerettane vart verre att i 2007, då Bahrain byrja å nytte tortur igjen.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Torture_Redux-134">[134]</a> I 2011 skildra <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> menneskerettstilhøva i landet som «triste».<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> På grunn av dette miste Bahrain fleire høge plasseringar landet hadde hatt på internasjonale rangeringar.<a href="#cite_note-Freedom_in_the_World_2012-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-FH_FotN_2011-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-RWB_2002-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-RWB_2010-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-FH_Press_Freedom_2011-140">[140]</a> I 2011 vart Bahrain kritisert for dei strenge reaksjonane mot opprøra under den arabiske våren. I september stadfeste eit statleg råd rapportar om alvorlege brot på menneskerettane, inkludert systematisk tortur. Staten lova å innføre reformer for å unngå å gjenta desse «smertefulle hendingane».<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> Men rapportar frå menneskerettsorganisasjonane Amnesty International og Human Rights Watch i april 2012 sa at dei same brota framleis pågjekk.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:4bahrain22011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/4bahrain22011.jpg/220px-4bahrain22011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/4bahrain22011.jpg/330px-4bahrain22011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/4bahrain22011.jpg/440px-4bahrain22011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="843" /></a><figcaption>Bahrainske demonstrantar mot den regjerande Al Khalifa-familien.</figcaption></figure> Dokumentarfilmen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain:_Shouting_in_the_Dark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark</a>, laga av den qatarske kanalen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera (sida finst ikkje)">Al Jazeera</a>, snakkar om dei bahrainske demonstrasjonane i 2011. Denne TV-filmen syner alle brota som er vortne utførte mot bahrainske borgarar under opprøret. Dette skapte somme problem mellom den bahrainske og qatarske regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-AJStream-145">[145]</a> Tilhøvet mellom Bahrain og Qatar betra seg etter eit møte med Golfrådet i november 2014, der det vart annonsert at bahrainske diplomatar skulle vende attende til Qatar.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kvinnerettar">Kvinnerettar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Endre bolk: Kvinnerettar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kvinnerettar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Dei politiske rettane til kvinner i Bahrain vart betra då kvinner fekk stemmerett og kunne veljast i nasjonalrådet for fyrste gongen i 2002.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Så langt er det ingen kvinner som er valde in. I staden har sjia- og sunni-islamistar dominert vala, og i lag vunne majoriteten av setene.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Som svar til at det ikkje vart valt inn kvinnelege kandidatar, vart seks utpeikte til Sjura-rådet, som òg inneheld representantar frå dei jødiske og kristne samfunna i landet.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nada_Haffadh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nada Haffadh (sida finst ikkje)">Nada Haffadh</a> vart den fyrste kvinnelege statsråden i landet, då ho vart vald til helseminister i 2004. Den delvis statlege kvinnegruppa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%98vster%C3%A5det_for_kvinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Øvsterådet for kvinner (sida finst ikkje)">Øvsterådet for kvinner</a>, lærte kvinnelege kandidatar til å ta del i valet i 2006. Då Bahrain vart vald til å leie <a href="/wiki/Generalforsamlinga_til_SN" title="Generalforsamlinga til SN">Generalforsamlinga til SN</a> i 2006 utpeikte dei advokaten og kvinnerettsaktivisten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haya_Rashed_Al-Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Haya bint Rashid Al Khalifa</a> som leiar for Generalforsamlinga, den fyrste kvinna i historia som leia dette organet.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Kvinneaktisten Ghada Jamsheer sa at «Regjeringa nytta kvinnerettar som eit dekorativt verktøy på internasjonalt nivå.» Ho kalla reformene «kunstige og marginale» og skulda regjeringa for å «hindre ikkje-statlege kvinnelege samfunn».<a href="#cite_note-GJ_18.12.2006-130">[130]</a> I 2006 vart <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lateefa_Al_Gaood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lateefa Al Gaood (sida finst ikkje)">Lateefa Al Gaood</a> vart det fyrste kvinnelege parlamentsmedlemet som vart valt inn i parlamentet.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> Talet auka til fire etter supperlingsvalet i 2011.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> I 2008 vart <a href="/w/index.php?title=Houda_Nonoo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Houda Nonoo (sida finst ikkje)">Houda Nonoo</a> utpeikt som ambassadør til USA og vart den fyrste jødiske ambassadøren frå eit arabisk land..<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> I 2011 vart <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alees_Samaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alees Samaan (sida finst ikkje)">Alice Samaan</a>, ei kristen kvinne, utpeikt til ambassadør i Storbritannia.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Endre bolk: Media" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Media">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Bahrainske journalistar risikerer å verta forfylgd for brot som omfattar å «undergrave» regjeringa og religion. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj%C3%B8lvsensur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjølvsensur (sida finst ikkje)">Sjølvsensur</a> er utbreidd. Journalistar vart mål av embetsfolk under dei anti-statlege demonstrasjonane i 2011. Tre redaktørar frå opposisjonsavisa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Wasat_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Wasat i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Wasat</a> fekk sparken og vart seinare bøtlagde for å ha publisert «falske nyhende». Fleire utanlandske korrespondentar vart utviste frå landet.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-155">[155]</a> Dei fleste innanlandske kringkastarar er statlege. Ein sjølvstendig kommisjon, som vart oppretta for å undersøkje uro, fann at den statlege mediadekninga stundom var opphissande. Dei sa at opposisjonsgrupper leid på tilgang til breiare media, og rådde til at regjeringa burde «vurdere å roe ned sensuren». Bahrain er vertskap for den saudiarabisk-finansierte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alarab_News_Channel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alarab News Channel (sida finst ikkje)">Alarab News Channel</a>, som kom i gang i 2012. I juni 2012 hadde Bahrain 961 000 internettbrukarar.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-156">[156]</a> Plattforma «skapar eit velkome friområde for journalistar, men eit som vert stadig meir overvaka», ifylgje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reporters_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reporters Without Borders (sida finst ikkje)">Reporters Without Borders</a>. Streng filtrering retter seg mot politikk, menneskerettar og religiøst innhald og innhald rekna som obskønt. Bloggarar og andre nettbrukarar var blant dei som vart fengsla under demonstrasjonane i 2011.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forsvaret">Forsvaret</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Endre bolk: Forsvaret" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Forsvaret">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:RBNS_Sabha_(FFG_90)_Bahrain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg/220px-RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg/330px-RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg/440px-RBNS_Sabha_%28FFG_90%29_Bahrain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>«Sabha» i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_kongelege_bahrainske_marinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den kongelege bahrainske marinen (sida finst ikkje)">den kongelege bahrainske marinen</a> i ei multilateral øving til havs.</figcaption></figure> Kongedømet har eit lite, men velutrusta forsvar kalla det bahrainske forsvaret (BDF), som tel kring 13 000 mann.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Den øvste leiaren for det bahrainske militæret er kong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a> og nestkommandanten er kronprinsen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salman_bin_Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> Forsvaret vert hovudsakleg amerikansk utstyrt, som <a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F16 Fighting Falcon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=F-5_Freedom_Fighter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-5 Freedom Fighter (sida finst ikkje)">F5 Freedom Fighter</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=UH-60_Blackhawk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UH-60 Blackhawk (sida finst ikkje)">UH60 Blackhawk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=M60_Patton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M60 Patton (sida finst ikkje)">M60A3-stridsvogner</a>, og den tidlegare amerikanske fregatten «Jack Williams», som no heiter «Sabha».<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Den bahrainske regjeringa har tette band til <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>, og har signert ei samarbeidsavtale med det amerikanske forsvaret. USA har fått ein base i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juffair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juffair (sida finst ikkje)">Juffair</a>, som dei har hatt sidan tidleg i 1990-åra, sjølv om den amerikanske marinen har vore i landet sidan 1948.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Kring 6 000 amerikanske militære er stasjonerte her.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Bahrain deltok i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabiske-leia_intervensjonen_i_Jemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabiske-leia intervensjonen i Jemen (sida finst ikkje)">saudiarabiske-leia intervensjonen i Jemen</a> mot dei <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjiamuslimske</a> <a href="/wiki/Houthiane" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthiane">houthiane</a> og styrkar lojale til den tidlegare presidenten <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>,<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> som vart avsett i 2011 under opprøra i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utanrikspolitikk">Utanrikspolitikk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Endre bolk: Utanrikspolitikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=20" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utanrikspolitikk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg/220px-King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg/330px-King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg/440px-King_Hamad_of_Bahrain_Greets_Secretary_Kerry_Before_Meeting_Amid_Egyptian_Development_Conference.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4437" data-file-height="2952" /></a><figcaption>Kong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a> tek imot den amerikanske utanriks-ministeren <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a>, 14. mars 2015.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:US_Navy_061105-N-3455P-002_USS_Boxer_(LHD_4)_and_ships_assigned_to_Boxer_Expeditionary_Strike_Group_(BOXESG)_steam_alongside_while_transiting_to_U.S._5th_Fleet%27s_area_of_responsibility.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/US_Navy_061105-N-3455P-002_USS_Boxer_%28LHD_4%29_and_ships_assigned_to_Boxer_Expeditionary_Strike_Group_%28BOXESG%29_steam_alongside_while_transiting_to_U.S._5th_Fleet%27s_area_of_responsibility.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/US_Navy_061105-N-3455P-002_USS_Boxer_%28LHD_4%29_and_ships_assigned_to_Boxer_Expeditionary_Strike_Group_%28BOXESG%29_steam_alongside_while_transiting_to_U.S._5th_Fleet%27s_area_of_responsibility.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/US_Navy_061105-N-3455P-002_USS_Boxer_%28LHD_4%29_and_ships_assigned_to_Boxer_Expeditionary_Strike_Group_%28BOXESG%29_steam_alongside_while_transiting_to_U.S._5th_Fleet%27s_area_of_responsibility.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2944" data-file-height="1888" /></a><figcaption>Bahrain er hovudkvarteret til den femte flåten til <a href="/wiki/U.S._Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Navy">U.S. Navy</a>, som er ansvarleg for marinestyrkane i <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a>.</figcaption></figure> Bahrain har <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilateralt_forhold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilateralt forhold (sida finst ikkje)">bilateralt tilhøve</a> til 190 land verda over.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> I 2012 hadde Bahrain eit nettverk av 25 <a href="/wiki/Ambassade" title="Ambassade">ambassadar</a>, tre <a href="/wiki/Konsulat" title="Konsulat">konsulat</a> og fire permanente bod til Den arabiske ligaen, Dei sameinte nasjonane og <a href="/wiki/Den_europeiske_unionen" title="Den europeiske unionen">Den europeiske unionen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Bahrain er òg vertskap for 36 ambassadar. Bahrain speler ei mindre, modererande rolle i politikken i regionen og sluttar seg til synet til Den arabiske ligaen om fred i Midtausten og <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">palestinske</a> rettar med å støtte ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tostatsl%C3%B8ysing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tostatsløysing (sida finst ikkje)">tostatsløysing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> Bahrain var òg med på å starte opp <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">Golfrådet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Tilhøvet til Iran er ofte spent på grunn av eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_bahrainske_statskuppsfors%C3%B8ket_i_1981&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det bahrainske statskuppsforsøket i 1981 (sida finst ikkje)">mislukka kupp</a> i 1981 som Bahrain skuldar Iran for, og stundom krav på iransk suverenitet over Bahrain frå <a href="/wiki/Konservatisme" title="Konservatisme">ultrakonservative</a> element i den iranske ålmenta.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Det vart sende <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabiske_h%C3%A6ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabiske hæren (sida finst ikkje)">saudiarabiske soldatar</a> inn i Bahrain for å slå ned pro-demokratiske demonstrasjonar i 2011.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guvernement">Guvernement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Endre bolk: Guvernement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=21" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Guvernement">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="boilerplate seealso"> <dl><dd>For meir om dette emnet, sjå <a href="/wiki/Guvernement_i_Bahrain" title="Guvernement i Bahrain">guvernement i Bahrain</a>.</dd></dl></div> Den første <a href="/wiki/Kommune" title="Kommune">kommunen</a> i Bahrain var Manama kommune som vart grunnlagd i juli 1919.<a href="#cite_note-MMAUP-173">[173]</a> Medlemer av kommunestyret vart valde kvart år. Kommunen vart sagt å vere den fyrste kommunen som vart oppretta i <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_verda" title="Den arabiske verda">den arabiske verda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MMAUP-173">[173]</a> Kommunen hadde ansvar for å reinske vegar og leige ut bygg til leigebuarar og butikkar. I 1929 fekk han òg ansvar for å utvide vegar og opne marknader og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slaktehus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slaktehus (sida finst ikkje)">slaktehus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MMAUP-173">[173]</a> I 1958 starta kommunen prosjekt for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vassreinsking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vassreinsking (sida finst ikkje)">vassreinsking</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MMAUP-173">[173]</a> I 1960 hadde Bahrain av kommunar: Manama, Hidd, Al Muharraq og Riffa.<a href="#cite_note-Statoids-174">[174]</a> På dei neste 30 åra vart dei fire kommunane delte inn i 12 kommunar, og busetnader som <a href="/wiki/Hamad_by" title="Hamad by">Hamad by</a> og <a href="/wiki/Isa_by" title="Isa by">Isa by</a> voks.<a href="#cite_note-Statoids-174">[174]</a> Desse kommunane vart administrerte frå Manama under eit sentralt kommunestyre, der medlemene vart utpeikte av kongen. Dei fyrste kommunevala i Bahrain etter sjølvstendet i 1971 vart haldne i 2002.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> Det siste var i 2010. Kommunane er: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kart</th> <th>Tidlegare kommune </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="13"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrain_municipalities_numbered.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Bahrain_municipalities_numbered.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="327" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="245" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. <a href="/wiki/Al_Hidd" title="Al Hidd">Al Hidd</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. <a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_vestlege_regionen_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den vestlege regionen i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Den vestlege regionen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_sentrale_regionen_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den sentrale regionen i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Den sentrale regionen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_nordlege_regionen_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den nordlege regionen i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Den nordlege regionen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rifa_og_Den_s%C3%B8rlege_regionen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rifa og Den sørlege regionen (sida finst ikkje)">Rifa og Den sørlege regionen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jidd_Haffs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jidd Haffs (sida finst ikkje)">Jidd Haffs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. <a href="/wiki/Hamad_by" title="Hamad by">Hamad by</a> (ikkje vist) </td></tr> <tr> <td>10. <a href="/wiki/Isa_by" title="Isa by">Isa by</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11. <a href="/wiki/Hawar%C3%B8yane" title="Hawarøyane">Hawarøyane</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. <a href="/wiki/Sitra" title="Sitra">Sitra</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Etter 3. juli 2002 vart Bahrain delt inn i fem administrative <a href="/wiki/Guvernement" title="Guvernement">guvernement</a>, som kvar har sin eigen <a href="/wiki/Guvern%C3%B8r" title="Guvernør">guvernør</a>.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Desse guvernementa er: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kart</th> <th>Tidlegare guvernement </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg/256px-Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="379" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg/384px-Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg/512px-Governorates_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="1003" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. <a href="/wiki/Hovudstadsguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Hovudstadsguvernementet i Bahrain">Hovudstadguvernementet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. <a href="/wiki/Sentralguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Sentralguvernementet i Bahrain">Sentralguvernementet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. <a href="/wiki/Muharraq_guvernement" title="Muharraq guvernement">Muharraq guvernement</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. <a href="/wiki/Nordguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Nordguvernementet i Bahrain">Nordguvernementet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8rguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Sørguvernementet i Bahrain">Sørguvernementet</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear: both"></div> Sentralguvernementet vart nedlagd i september 2014, og området vart delt mellom <a href="/wiki/Nordguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Nordguvernementet i Bahrain">Nordguvernementet</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8rguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Sørguvernementet i Bahrain">Sørguvernementet</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Hovudstadsguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Hovudstadsguvernementet i Bahrain">Hovudstadguvernementet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kart</th> <th>Noverande guvernement </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Fil:New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg/256px-New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="364" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg/384px-New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg/512px-New_Governorates_of_Bahrain_2014.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="426" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> 1 – <a href="/wiki/Hovudstadsguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Hovudstadsguvernementet i Bahrain">Hovudstadguvernementet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> 2 – <a href="/wiki/Muharraq_guvernement" title="Muharraq guvernement">Muharraq guvernement</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> 3 – <a href="/wiki/Nordguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Nordguvernementet i Bahrain">Nordguvernementet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> 4 – <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8rguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Sørguvernementet i Bahrain">Sørguvernementet</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Økonomi">Økonomi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Endre bolk: Økonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=22" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Økonomi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="thumb" style="width:100%;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto; overflow-y:hidden; overflow-x:scroll;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Manama_Skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Manama_Skyline.jpg/900px-Manama_Skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Manama_Skyline.jpg/1350px-Manama_Skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Manama_Skyline.jpg/1800px-Manama_Skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="677" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size:smaller;">Manama</div> </div></div> Ifylgje ein rapport frå januar 2006 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=SNs_%C3%B8konomiske_og_sosiale_kommisjon_for_Vest-Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SNs økonomiske og sosiale kommisjon for Vest-Asia (sida finst ikkje)">SNs økonomiske og sosiale kommisjon for Vest-Asia</a>, har Bahrain den snøggast veksande økonomien i Den arabiske verda.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2008-178">[178]</a> Bahrain har òg den friaste økonomien i Midtausten og den tolvte mest frie i verda basert på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indeks_for_%C3%B8konomisk_fridom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indeks for økonomisk fridom (sida finst ikkje)">Indeks for økonomisk fridom</a>, publisert av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heritage_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heritage Foundation (sida finst ikkje)">Heritage Foundation</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a> i 2011.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2011-179">[179]</a> I 2008 vart Bahrain kåra til det snøggast veksande finanssenteret i verda av City of London sin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_Financial_Centres_Index&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global Financial Centres Index (sida finst ikkje)">Global Financial Centres Index</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hedgefundsreview-180">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-181">[181]</a> Bank- og finanstenestesektoren i Bahrain, særleg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsk_bankvesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsk bankvesen (sida finst ikkje)">islamsk bankvesen</a>, har note godt av den regionale oppgangen driven av etterspurnaden etter olje.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-182">[182]</a> Produksjon og handsaming av petroleum er den viktigaste eksportartikkelen til Bahrain, og står for kring 60 % av eksportinntektene, 70 % av statlege inntekter og 11 % av <a href="/wiki/Bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Bruttonasjonalprodukt">BNP</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-111">[111]</a> <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> er den nest viktigaste eksportartikkelen, etterfylgd av finans og byggmateriale.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-111">[111]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Manama,_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg/220px-Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg/330px-Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg/440px-Manama%2C_Bahrain_Decembre_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>Manama frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juffair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juffair (sida finst ikkje)">Juffair</a>.</figcaption></figure> Dei økonomiske tilhøva har svinga i takt med oljeprisen sidan 1985, til dømes under og etter <a href="/wiki/Golfkrigen" title="Golfkrigen">Golfkrigen</a> i 1990-1991. Med godt utvikla kommunikasjon og transportanlegg, er Bahrain vertskap for fleire multinasjonale føretak. Ein stor del av eksporten er petroleum produsert av importert råolje, og dette utgjer 51 % av importen i landet i 2007.<a href="#cite_note-TR-112">[112]</a> Bahrain er sterkt avhengig av importerte matvarer, særleg kjøtimport frå <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, i tillegg til at dei importerer 75 % av det totale fruktbehovet.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> Sidan berre 2,9 % av landet er mogeleg å dyrka opp, utgjer <a href="/wiki/Jordbruk" title="Jordbruk">jordbruk</a> berre 0,5 % av Bahrain sitt BNP. I 2004 skreiv Bahrain under ei frihandelsavtale med USA.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated8-184">[184]</a> Ein kombinasjon av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_globale_finanskrisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den globale finanskrisa (sida finst ikkje)">den globale finanskrisa</a> og dei nylege opprøra har gjort vekstraten har minka med 2,2 %, som er den lægste vekstraten sidan 1994.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> Arbeidsløyse, særleg blant dei unge, og utarming av både olje og grunnvatn er store langsiktige, økonomiske problem. I 2008 var arbeidsløysa 4 %,<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2008a-186">[186]</a> der 85 % av desse er kvinner.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2008b-187">[187]</a> I 2007 vart Bahrain det fyrste arabiske landet som sette i gang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbeidsl%C3%B8ysetrygd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbeidsløysetrygd (sida finst ikkje)">arbeidsløysetrygd</a> som ein del av ei rekkje arbeidarreformer under arbeidsministeren dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majeed_Al_Alawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majeed Al Alawi (sida finst ikkje)">Majeed Al Alawi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turisme">Turisme</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Endre bolk: Turisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=23" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Turisme">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg/350px-Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg/525px-Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg/700px-Muharraq_and_Manama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>Byane <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a> (framgrunnen) og <a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a> (bakgrunn).</figcaption></figure> Som turistmål tok Bahrain i mot over åtte millionar turistar i 2008, men det nøyaktige talet har variert frå år til år. Dei fleste av desse kjem frå dei omliggjande arabiske landa, men stadig fleire kjem frå andre stader, særleg etter <a href="/wiki/Bahrain_Grand_Prix" title="Bahrain Grand Prix">Bahrain Grand Prix</a>, eit <a href="/wiki/Formel_1" title="Formel 1">formel 1</a>-løp, byrja å gå i Bahrain. Kongedømet kombinerer moderne arabisk kultur og den arkeologiske arva etter fem tusen år med sivilisasjon. Øya har fleire fort, som <a href="/wiki/Qalat_Al_Bahrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Qalat Al Bahrain">Qalat Al Bahrain</a> som står på <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> si <a href="/wiki/Verdsarv" title="Verdsarv">verdsarvliste</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_nasjonalmuseum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain nasjonalmuseum (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain nasjonalmuseum</a> har gjenstandar frå landet som går attende til dei fyrste menneska som etterlét seg spor her, for 9000 år sidan, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beit_Al_Qur%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beit Al Qur'an (sida finst ikkje)">Beit Al Qur'an</a> (arabisk: بيت القرآن, tyder: huset Qur'an) er eit museum med islamske gjenstandar frå <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a>. Somme av dei populære historiske turistmåla i kongedømet er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Khamis-moskeen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Khamis-moskeen (sida finst ikkje)">Al Khamis-moskeen</a>, som er ein av dei eldste moskeane i regionen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arad_fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arad fort (sida finst ikkje)">Arad fort</a> i Muharraq, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbartempelet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbartempelet (sida finst ikkje)">Barbartempelet</a>, som er eit tempel frå oldtida frå dilmunitt-tida i Bahrain, i tillegg til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilmun-gravhaugane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilmun-gravhaugane (sida finst ikkje)">A'ali-gravhaugane</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sar_i_Bahrain" title="Sar i Bahrain">Saartempelet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Livstreet_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livstreet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Livstreet</a>, eit 400 år gamalt tre som veks i <a href="/wiki/Sakhir" title="Sakhir">Sakhirørkenen</a>, utan noko vatn i nærleiken, er òg eit populært turistmål.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuglekikking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuglekikking (sida finst ikkje)">Fuglekikking</a> (særleg på <a href="/wiki/Hawar%C3%B8yane" title="Hawarøyane">Hawarøyane</a>), <a href="/wiki/Dykking" title="Dykking">dykking</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hesteriding" title="Hesteriding">hesteriding</a> er populære turistaktivitetar i Bahrain. Mange turistar kjem frå Saudi-Arabia for å vitje <a href="/wiki/Kj%C3%B8pesenter" title="Kjøpesenter">kjøpesentera</a> i Manama, som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_City_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain City Centre (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain City Centre</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seef_Mall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seef Mall (sida finst ikkje)">Seef Mall</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seef (sida finst ikkje)">Seef</a> i Manama. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manama_Souq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manama Souq (sida finst ikkje)">Manama Souq</a> og Gold Souq i den gamle delen av Manama er òg popuære for turistar.<a href="#cite_note-MoFA-191">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Samferdsel_og_kommunikasjon">Samferdsel og kommunikasjon</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Endre bolk: Samferdsel og kommunikasjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=24" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Samferdsel og kommunikasjon">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Bahrain har ei <a href="/wiki/Internasjonal_lufthamn" title="Internasjonal lufthamn">internasjonal lufthamn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_internasjonale_lufthamn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain internasjonale lufthamn (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain internasjonale lufthamn</a> (BIA), som ligg på øya Muharraq, i nordaust. Flyplassen tok seg av meir enn 100 000 flyreiser og meir enn åtte millionar passasjerar i 2010. Det nasjonale flyselskapet til Bahrain, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_Air&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf Air (sida finst ikkje)">Gulf Air</a>, har basen sin her. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png/220px-King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png/330px-King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png/440px-King_Fahd_causeway_satellite.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>King Fahd Causeway sett frå rommet</figcaption></figure> Bahrain har eit godt utvikla vegnettverk, særleg i Manama. Då det vart oppdaga olje i 1930-åra, førte det til kraftig utbygging av vegar og motorvegar i Bahrain, og fleire isolerte landsbyar vart knytte saman, som <a href="/wiki/Budaiya" title="Budaiya">Budaiya</a>, med Manama.<a href="#cite_note-Yasser-192">[192]</a> I aust går det sidan 1929 ei bru frå Manama til Muharraq, og ei ny vegfylling vart bygd i 1941 for å ta over for den gamle trebrua.<a href="#cite_note-Yasser-192">[192]</a> I dag går det tre moderne bruer mellom dei to stadene.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> Trafikken mellom dei to øyane auka kraftig då Bahrain internasjonale lufthamn vart bygd i 1932.<a href="#cite_note-Yasser-192">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ringveg" title="Ringveg">Ringvegar</a> og motorvegar vart seinare bygde for å knyte Manama til landsbyane i <a href="/wiki/Nordguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Nordguvernementet i Bahrain">Nordguvernementet</a> og mot byane sentralt og sør i Bahrain. Dei fire hovudøyane og alle byane og landsbyane er knytte saman via eit godt vegnettverk. Det var 3 164 km med vegar i 2002, 2 433 km med asfalt. Ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vegfylling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vegfylling (sida finst ikkje)">vegfylling</a> strekkjer seg over 2,8 km mellom Manama og <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>, og ei anna bru knyter <a href="/wiki/Sitra" title="Sitra">Sitra</a> til hovudøya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Fahd_Causeway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Fahd Causeway (sida finst ikkje)">King Fahd Causeway</a>, som er 24 km lang, går frå Bahrain til det saudiarabiske fastlandet, via øya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umm_an-Nasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umm an-Nasan (sida finst ikkje)">Umm an-Nasan</a>. Ho stod ferdig i desember 1986 og var finansiert av <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi-Arabia</a>. I 2008 køyrde nesten 18 millionar passasjerar over vegfyllinga.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> Hovudhamna til Bahrain er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mina_Salman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mina Salman (sida finst ikkje)">Mina Salman</a> i landet, og betår av 15 kaiplassar. I 2001 hadde Bahrain ein handelsflåte med åtte skip på over tusen <a href="/wiki/Bruttoregistertonn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruttoregistertonn">BRT</a> eller meir, totalt 270 784 <a href="/wiki/Bruttoregistertonn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruttoregistertonn">BRT</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> Private køyretøy og taxiar er einaste transportmiddel i byen.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telekommunikasjon">Telekommunikasjon</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Endre bolk: Telekommunikasjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=25" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Telekommunikasjon">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Telekommunikasjon" title="Telekommunikasjon">Telekommunikasjonssektoren</a> i Bahrain starta offisielt i 1981 då det fyrste telekommunikasjonsselskapet vart skipa i Bahrain, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batelco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batelco (sida finst ikkje)">Batelco</a>. Fram til 2004 hadde føretaket monopol i sektoren. I 1981 var det meir enn 45 000 telefonar i landet. I 1999 hadde Batelco meir enn 100 000 mobilavtaler.<a href="#cite_note-RE-197">[197]</a> I 2002, etter press frå internasjonale organ, sette Bahrain i verk ei telekommunikasjonslov som omfatta at det vart skipa eit sjølvstendig tilsynsorgan (TRA).<a href="#cite_note-RE-197">[197]</a> I 2004 byrja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zain-gruppa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zain-gruppa (sida finst ikkje)">Zain</a> (ein ny variant av <a href="/w/index.php?title=MTC_Vodafone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTC Vodafone (sida finst ikkje)">MTC Vodafone</a>) drift i Bahrain og i 2010 vart <a href="/w/index.php?title=VIVA_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VIVA Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">VIVA</a> (eigd av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Telecom_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudi Telecom Company (sida finst ikkje)">STC</a>-gruppa) den tredje aktøren på mobilmarknaden.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> Bahrain har vore knytt til Internett sidan 1995 og domenesuffikset til landet er <a href="/w/index.php?title=.bh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".bh (sida finst ikkje)">.bh</a>. Talet på bahrainske nettbrukarar har auka frå 40 000 i 2000<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> til 250 000 i 2008,<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> eller frå 5,95 til 33 % av innbyggjarane. I august 2013 var det 22 godkjende internettilbydarar i landet. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Endre bolk: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=26" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Demografi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/220px-Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/330px-Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/440px-Joining_in_prayer_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption>Bahrainarar i Manama.</figcaption></figure> I 2010 hadde folketalet i Bahrain vakse til 1,2 millionar, og av dette var 568 399 var bahrainarar og 666 172 var ikkje-nasjonale.<a href="#cite_note-2010-census-1">[1]</a> Dette hadde auka frå 1,05 millionar (517 368 ikkje-nasjonale) i 2007, året då Bahrain gjekk over millionmerket.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2008c-201">[201]</a> Sjølv om dei fleste av innbyggjarane er frå Midtausten, kjem det òg mange frå Sør-Asia. I 2008 var kring 290 000 indarar som budde i Bahrain, og gjorde dei til den største utanlandske folkegruppa i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2008d-202">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-IndEmb-203">[203]</a> Bahrain er det fjerde mest folketette landet i verda, med ein folketettleik på 1 646 innbyggjarar per km² i 2010.<a href="#cite_note-2010-census-1">[1]</a> Dei einaste suverene statane med høgare folketettleik er <a href="/wiki/Bystat" title="Bystat">bystatar</a>. Mykje av folkesetnaden er konsentrert nord i landet, medan <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8rguvernementet_i_Bahrain" title="Sørguvernementet i Bahrain">Sørguvernementet</a> er den tynnast folkesette delen av landet.<a href="#cite_note-2010-census-1">[1]</a> Landet er så urbanisert at somme reknar det som eitt einskilt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Storbyomr%C3%A5de&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Storbyområde (sida finst ikkje)">storbyområde</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folkegrupper">Folkegrupper</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Endre bolk: Folkegrupper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=27" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Folkegrupper">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Bahrainarane er etnisk mangfelte. Den sjiamuslimske delen av bahrainarane er delt inn to hovudgrupper: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baharna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baharna (sida finst ikkje)">baharna</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajam_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajam i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">ajam</a>. Dei fleste sjia-bahrainarane er etniske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baharna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baharna (sida finst ikkje)">baharna</a>. Ajam er etniske persiske sjiaer. Sjia-persarar utgjer store samfunn i Manama og Muharraq. Ein liten minoritet sjia-bahrainarar er etniske hasawiar frå <a href="/wiki/Al-Hasa" title="Al-Hasa">Al-Hasa</a>. Sunni-bahrainarar er hovudsakleg delt i to folkegrupper: Arabarar (al arab) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huwala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huwala (sida finst ikkje)">huwala</a>. Sunni-arabarar er den viktigaste folkegruppa i Bahrain, og dei har dei fleste statlege stillingane, i tillegg til at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Khalifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Khalifa (sida finst ikkje)">den bahrainske kongefamilien</a> er sunni-arabarar. Sunni-arabarar har tradisjonelt budd i område som Zallaq, Muharraq, Riffa og Hawarøyane. Huwala er etterkomarar etter sunni-iranarar, somme av dei sunni-persarar,<a href="#cite_note-mig-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> medan andre er sunni-arabarar.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> Her er òg sunniar frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baloch (sida finst ikkje)">baloch</a>. Dei fleste bahrainarar er av afrikansk opphav som kjem frå Aust-Afrika og tradisjonelt har budd i Muharraq og Riffa.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Endre bolk: Religion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=28" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Religion">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Statsreligionen i Bahrain er islam og dei fleste bahrainske borgarar er muslimar. Det er ingen offisielle tal for kor mange som er sjia- og sunnimuslimar i Bahrain, men kring 65–75 % av dei bahrainske muslimane er sjia.<a href="#cite_note-nyp-210">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-bw-211">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-c4-212">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> Det finst eit innfødd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristendom_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristendom i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">kriste samfunn i Bahrain</a>. Ikkje-muslimske bahrainske borgarar utgjer berre kring tusen personar, og dei fleste er kristne.<a href="#cite_note-2010Census-214">[214]</a> Utanlandske kristne utgjer mesteparten av kristne i Bahrain, medan innfødde kristne bahrainarar (som har bahrainsk nasjonalitet) utgjer eit mindre samfunn. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alees_Samaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alees Samaan (sida finst ikkje)">Alees Samaan</a>, den noverande bahrainske ambassadøren i <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a> er ein innfødd kristen. Bahrain har òg eit innfødd <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Jødisk">jødisk</a> samfunn som berre utgjer 37 bahrainske borgarar.<a href="#cite_note-Yaar-215">[215]</a> Ulike kjelder gjev talet på innfødde jødar i Bahrain frå 36 til 50 folk.<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg/220px-Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg/330px-Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg/440px-Gudaibiya_Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudaibiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudaibiya (sida finst ikkje)">Gudaibiya</a>-moskéen i Manama.</figcaption></figure> På grunn av mange innflyttarar og gjestearbeidarar frå sørasiatiske land, som India, <a href="/wiki/Filippinane" title="Filippinane">Filippinane</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, har den samla prosentdelen av muslimar i landet falle i nyare år.<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> Ifylgje ei folketeljing i 2001 var 81,2 % av innbyggjarane i Bahrain muslimar, 10 % var kristne og 9,8 % praktiserte hinduisme eller andre religionar.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-111">[111]</a> I 2010 hadde delen muslimar i landet falle til 70,2 % (folketeljinga i 2010 skilde ikkje mellom dei andre religionane i landet).<a href="#cite_note-2010-census-1">[1]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Språk">Språk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Endre bolk: Språk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=29" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Språk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">Arabisk</a> er det offisielle språket i Bahrain, men engelsk vert òg mykje nytta.<a href="#cite_note-BO-218">[218]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrainsk-arabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrainsk-arabisk (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrainsk-arabisk</a> er den mest talde dialekten av arabisk, men skil seg ikkje stort frå standard arabisk. Arabisk speler ei stor rolle i det politiske livet, og ifylgje den bahrainske grunnlova må eit parlamentsmedlem snakke flytande arabisk for å kunne verta valt inn.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> Blant bahrainarar og ikkje-bahrainske innbyggjarar er det mange som snakkar <a href="/wiki/Persisk" title="Persisk">persisk</a>, det offisielle språket i Iran, eller <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">urdu</a>, det offisielle språket i <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BO-218">[218]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nepalsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepalsk">Nepalsk</a> vert òg mykje tala av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gurkha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurkha (sida finst ikkje)">nepalske arbeidarar og gurkha-soldatar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamilsk" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tamilsk">tamilsk</a> og hindi vert mykje nytta i dei indiske samfunna.<a href="#cite_note-BO-218">[218]</a> Mange kommersielle institusjonar og vegskilt er tospråklege, og har tekst på både engelsk og arabisk.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utdanning">Utdanning</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Endre bolk: Utdanning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=30" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utdanning">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:University_students_Bahrain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_students_Bahrain.jpg/220px-University_students_Bahrain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_students_Bahrain.jpg/330px-University_students_Bahrain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_students_Bahrain.jpg/440px-University_students_Bahrain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>Kvinnelege studentar ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitetet_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitetet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Universitetet i Bahrain</a> kledde i tradisjonelle klede.</figcaption></figure> Utdanning er obligatorisk for barn mellom seks og 14.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> Utdanning er gratis for bahrainske borgarar på offentlege skular og alle elevane her får gratis lærebøker. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellesundervisning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellesundervisning (sida finst ikkje)">Fellesundervisning</a> er ikkje berre nytta i offentlege skular, og gutar og jenter går på eigne skular.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> På byrjinga av 1900-talet var koranskular (kuttab) den einaste utdanningsforma i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-MoE-223">[223]</a> Dei var tradisjonelle skular med mål om lære born og ungdom <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a>. Etter den fyrste verdskrigen vart Bahrain meir open for vestleg påverknad og det dukka opp eit krav om moderne utdanning. I 1919 starta det moderne skulesystemet i Bahrain då <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Hidaya_Al-Khalifia_skule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Hidaya Al-Khalifia skule (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Hidaya Al-Khalifia skule</a> for gutar opna i <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MoE-223">[223]</a> I 1926 opna utdanningskommiteen ein offentleg skule til for gutar i <a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a>, og i 1928 vart den fyrste offentlege skulen for jenter opna i Muharraq.<a href="#cite_note-MoE-223">[223]</a> I 2011 var det i alt 126 981 elevar på offentlege skular.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitetet_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitetet i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Universitetet i Bahrain</a> vart skipa for standard lægregrads- og høgaregrads studium, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Abdulaziz_medisinske_universitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Abdulaziz medisinske universitet (sida finst ikkje)">King Abdulaziz medisinske universitet</a> driv utdanning av lækjarar, sjukepleiarar, farmasøytar og akuttmedisin. Den nasjonale planen i 2001 bana veg for dat det kunne skipast private universitet som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahlia_universitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahlia universitet (sida finst ikkje)">Ahlia universitet</a> i Manama og <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B8gskulen_i_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Høgskulen i Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">Høgskulen i Bahrain</a> i <a href="/wiki/Saar_i_Bahrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Saar i Bahrain">Saar</a>. Det kongelege universitetet for kvinner (RUW) vart skipa i 2005 og var det fyrste private universitetet i landet for å utdanne kvinner. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Helse">Helse</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Endre bolk: Helse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=31" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Helse">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Bahrain har eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%85lment_helsevesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ålment helsevesen (sida finst ikkje)">ålment helsevesen</a> som går attende til 1960.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> Det statlege helsevesenet er gratis for bahrainske borgarar og kraftig subsidert for ikkje-bahrainarar. Utgiftene for helsevesenet utgjer 4,5 % av bruttonasjonalproduktet til Bahrain, ifylgje <a href="/wiki/Verdas_helseorganisasjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Verdas helseorganisasjon">Verdas helseorganisasjon</a>. Bahrainske legar og sjukepleiarar utgjer størstedelen av arbeidsstyren i landet innanfor helsevesenet, motsetnad til grannelanda kring Persiabukta.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> Det fyrste <a href="/wiki/Sjukehus" title="Sjukehus">sjukehuset</a> i Bahrain var <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mission_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Mission Hospital (sida finst ikkje)">American Mission Hospital</a>, som opna i 1893 som ei medisin-utlevering.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> Det fyrste offentlege sjukehuset i Bahrain var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salmaniya_medisinske_kompleks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salmaniya medisinske kompleks (sida finst ikkje)">Salmaniya medisinske kompleks</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salmaniya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salmaniya (sida finst ikkje)">Salmaniya</a> i Manama i 1957.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> Det finst òg fleire private sjukehus kring i landet, som <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Hospital_of_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Hospital of Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">International Hospital of Bahrain</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forventa_levealder" title="Forventa levealder">Venta levealder</a> i Bahrain er 73 for menn og 76 for kvinner. Samanlikna med andre land i regionen er det lite førekomst av <a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a> og <a href="/wiki/HIV" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV">HIV</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP-229">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">Malaria</a> og <a href="/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose">tuberkulose</a> utgjer ikkje noko stort problem i Bahrain, sidan ingen av desse sjukdomane har vore vanlege å finne i landet. Helsevesenet betalar for regelmessig tuberkulosevaksinasjon og vaksinasjon for andre sjukdomar som <a href="/wiki/Hepatitt_B" title="Hepatitt B">hepatitt B</a>.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> Mange i Bahrain vert rekna som <a href="/wiki/Overvekt" title="Overvekt">overvektige</a>, 28,9 % av alle menn og 38,2 % av alle kvinner.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> Bahrain har òg ein av dei høgaste førekomstane av <a href="/wiki/Diabetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes">diabetes</a> i verda (5. plass) og meir enn 15 % av innbyggjarane lid av diabeters, og er årsaka til 5 % av dødsfalla i landet.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hjarte-karsjukdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hjarte-karsjukdom (sida finst ikkje)">Hjarte-karsjukdomar</a> er årsaka til 32 % av alle dødsfall i Bahrain, og er den viktigaste dødsårsaka i landet, med <a href="/wiki/Kreft" title="Kreft">kreft</a> på andreplass.<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sigdcelleanemi" title="Sigdcelleanemi">Sigdselleanemi</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talassemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talassemi (sida finst ikkje)">talassemi</a> er òg vanlege i landet, og kring 18 % av bahrainarane har sigdselleanemi, medan 24 % er berarar av talassemi.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Endre bolk: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=32" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kultur">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Muharram_procession_2,_Manama,_Bahrain_(Feb_2005).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg/220px-Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg/330px-Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg/440px-Muharram_procession_2%2C_Manama%2C_Bahrain_%28Feb_2005%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="773" /></a><figcaption>Sjiamuslimar i Bahrain slår seg på brystet under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mourning_of_Muharram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mourning of Muharram (sida finst ikkje)">Muharram</a> til minne om <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imam_Hussain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imam Hussain (sida finst ikkje)">Imam Hussain</a>.</figcaption></figure> Bahrain vert stundom skildra som eit «Midtausten light»<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> på grunn av kombinasjonen av moderne infrastruktur med ein identitet frå Persiabukta. Sjølv om islam er hovudreligionen, er bahrainarane kjende for ein tolerans overfor andre trusretningar. Reglar som omhandlar korleis kvinner skal kle seg er meir avslappa enn i nabolanda. Dei tradisjonelle kvinnekleda er vanlegvis ein <a href="/wiki/Hijab" class="mw-redirect" title="Hijab">hijab</a> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abaya (sida finst ikkje)">abaya</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-108">[108]</a> Sjølv om dei tradisjonelle herrekleda er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thobe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thobe (sida finst ikkje)">thobe</a>, som òg omfattar tradisjonelle hovudplagg som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keffiyeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keffiyeh (sida finst ikkje)">keffiyeh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghutra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghutra (sida finst ikkje)">ghutra</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agal (sida finst ikkje)">agal</a>, er vestlege klede vanleg i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-108">[108]</a> Sjølv om Bahrain legaliserte <a href="/wiki/Homoseksualitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Homoseksualitet">homoseksualitet</a> i 1976, inkludert <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sodomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sodomi (sida finst ikkje)">sodomi</a> med same kjønn, har mange homoseksuelle sidan vortne arresterte.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kunst">Kunst</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Endre bolk: Kunst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=33" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kunst">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg/220px-Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg/330px-Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg/440px-Bahrain_wind_tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2730" data-file-height="4095" /></a><figcaption>Eit vindtårn i Bahrain.</figcaption></figure> Den moderne kunstrørsla i landet dukka offisielt opp i 1950-åra, og kulminerte med at det vart skipa ein kunstsamskipnad. <a href="/wiki/Ekspresjonisme" title="Ekspresjonisme">Ekspresjonisme</a> og <a href="/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme">surrealisme</a>, i tillegg til <a href="/wiki/Kalligrafi" title="Kalligrafi">kalligrafisk kunst</a> er populære kunstformer i landet. <a href="/wiki/Abstrakt_ekspresjonisme" title="Abstrakt ekspresjonisme">Abstrakt ekspresjonisme</a> har vorte populært i nyare år.<a href="#cite_note-TGE-239">[239]</a> <a href="/wiki/Keramikk" title="Keramikk">Keramikk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Veving" title="Veving">veving</a> er òg populært på landsbygda.<a href="#cite_note-TGE-239">[239]</a> Arabisk kalligrafi vart meir populært då den bahrainske staten fremja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsk_kunst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsk kunst (sida finst ikkje)">islamsk kunst</a>, og det vart skipa eit islamsk museum , <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beit_Al_Quran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beit Al Quran (sida finst ikkje)">Beit Al Quran</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TGE-239">[239]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_nasjonalmuseum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain nasjonalmuseum (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain nasjonalmuseum</a> hyser ei permanent <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samtidskunst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samtidskunst (sida finst ikkje)">samtidskunstsutstilling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arkitektur" title="Arkitektur">Arkitekturen</a> i Bahrain liknar arkitekturen i nabolanda kring Persiabukta. Vindtårna, som skapar naturleg ventilasjon i eit hus, er vanlege å sjå på gamle bygg, særleg i dei eldre bydelane i Manama og <a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ali-241">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Endre bolk: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=34" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Litteratur har ein sterk tradisjon i landet. Dei fleste tradisjonelle forfattarane og poetane skriv i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassisk_arabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassisk arabisk (sida finst ikkje)">klassisk arabisk</a> stil. I nyare år har ei rekkje yngre poetar påverka av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vestleg_litteratur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vestleg litteratur (sida finst ikkje)">vestleg litteratur</a> auka, og dei fleste skriv i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frie_vers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frie vers (sida finst ikkje)">frie vers</a> og ofte med politisk eller personleg innhald.<a href="#cite_note-EC-242">[242]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Al_Shargawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Al Shargawi (sida finst ikkje)">Ali Al Shargawi</a>, ein dekorert poet med lang løpetid, vart skildra i 2011 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Shorfa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Shorfa (sida finst ikkje)">Al Shorfa</a> som eit diktarikon i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-AS-243">[243]</a> I litteraturen var Bahrain oldtidslandet <a href="/wiki/Dilmun" title="Dilmun">Dilmun</a> som er nemnt i <a href="/wiki/Gilgamesj" title="Gilgamesj">Gilgamesj</a>. Soga skriv òg at det var her <a href="/wiki/Edens_hage" class="mw-redirect" title="Edens hage">Edens hage</a> låg.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-244">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAT-245">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musikk">Musikk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Endre bolk: Musikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=35" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Musikk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Musikkstilen i Bahrain liknar musikken i nabolanda. Musikkstilen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khaliji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khaliji (sida finst ikkje)">khaliji</a>, ein <a href="/wiki/Folkemusikk" title="Folkemusikk">folkemusikkstil</a>, er populær i landet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sawt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sawt (sida finst ikkje)">Sawt</a>, som omfattar komplekse former for urban musikk, framført på ein <a href="/wiki/Oud" title="Oud">oud</a> (ein lutt), ei <a href="/wiki/Fiolin" title="Fiolin">fele</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirwas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirwas (sida finst ikkje)">mirwas</a> (ei tromme), er òg populær i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-AUC-246">[246]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Bahar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Bahar (sida finst ikkje)">Ali Bahar</a> var ein av dei mest kjende songarane i Bahrain. Han framførte musikken sin med bandet Al-Ekhwa (Brørne). Det fyrste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Platestudio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platestudio (sida finst ikkje)">platestudioet</a> i landa kring Persiabukta vart skipa i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-AUC-246">[246]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idrett">Idrett</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Endre bolk: Idrett" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=36" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Idrett">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Fotball" title="Fotball">Fotball</a> er den mest populære idretten i Bahrain.<a href="#cite_note-Sport-247">[247]</a> Det bahrainske herrelandslaget i fotball har delteke fleire gonger i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asiacupen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asiacupen (sida finst ikkje)">Asiacupen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiacupen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabiacupen (sida finst ikkje)">Arabiacupen</a> og spelt i kvalifiseringa til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fotball-VM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fotball-VM (sida finst ikkje)">fotball-VM</a>.<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> Bahrain har sin eigen eliteserie i fotball. Andre populære idrettar er <a href="/wiki/Basketball" class="mw-redirect" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rugby" title="Rugby">rugby</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hesteveddel%C3%B8p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hesteveddeløp (sida finst ikkje)">hesteveddeløp</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Sport-247">[247]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg/220px-2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg/330px-2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg/440px-2007_Bahrain_GP_podium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Podiet under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_Grand_Prix_2007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain Grand Prix 2007 (sida finst ikkje)">Bahrain Grand Prix 2007</a>.</figcaption></figure> Bahrain har ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain_International_Circuit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahrain International Circuit (sida finst ikkje)">Formel 1-bane</a>, som vart innvigd under <a href="/wiki/Bahrain_Grand_Prix" title="Bahrain Grand Prix">Bahrain Grand Prix</a> den 4. april 2004, den fyrste i eit arabisk land. Løpet har gått kvart år sidan den gongen utanom i 2011, då det vart avlyst på grunn av opprøra i landet.<a href="#cite_note-autosport89525-249">[249]</a> I 2012 vart det halde løp, trass i at det framleis var uro i landet.<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> Denne avgjerda vart rekna som kontroversiell av fleire media, som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera English (sida finst ikkje)">Al Jazeera English</a>,<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>,<a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agence_Frankrike-Presse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agence Frankrike-Presse (sida finst ikkje)">AFP</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a>.<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> omtalte det som «ein av dei mest kontroversielle i idrettshistoria».<a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heilagdagar">Heilagdagar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=37" title="Endre bolk: Heilagdagar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=37" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Heilagdagar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> 1. september 2006 endra Bahrain helga si frå å vere torsdag og fredag til å vere fredag og laurdag, for å dele minst ein helgedag med resten av verda. Heilagdagar i landet er : <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Dato</th> <th>Norsk namn</th> <th>Lokalt (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a>) namn</th> <th>Skildring </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. januar</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ny%C3%A5rsdagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyårsdagen">Nyårsdagen</a></td> <td>رأس السنة الميلادية</td> <td>Den fyrste dagen i den gregorianske kalenderen </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. mai</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arbeidardagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbeidardagen">Arbeidardagen</a></td> <td>يوم العمال</td> <td>Lokalt kalla «Eid Al Oumal». </td></tr> <tr> <td>16. desember</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nasjonaldag" title="Nasjonaldag">Nasjonaldag</a></td> <td>اليوم الوطني</td> <td>Den bahrainske nasjonaldagen </td></tr> <tr> <td>17. desember</td> <td>Tiltredingsdagen</td> <td>يوم الجلوس</td> <td>Dagen då den avlidne amiren Sh. Isa Bin Salman Al Khalifa byrja regjeringstida si </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. <a href="/wiki/Muharram" title="Muharram">muharram</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsk_ny%C3%A5r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsk nyår (sida finst ikkje)">islamsk nyår</a></td> <td>رأس السنة الهجرية</td> <td>Nyårsdagen i den <a href="/wiki/Islamsk_kalender" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamsk kalender">islamske kalenderen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9.-10. muharram</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashuradagen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashuradagen (sida finst ikkje)">Ashuradagen</a></td> <td>عاشوراء</td> <td>Samstundes til minne om martyriet til <a href="/wiki/Imam_Hussein" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Hussein">Imam Hussein</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabi%27_al-awwal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabi' al-awwal (sida finst ikkje)">rabiul awwal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawlid">Fødselsdagen til profeten Muhammed</a></td> <td>المولد النبوي</td> <td>Til minne om årmålsdagen til profeten <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a>, som vert feira dei fleste stader i den muslimske verda. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.-3. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shawwal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shawwal (sida finst ikkje)">shawwal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eid_ul-Fitr" class="mw-redirect" title="Eid ul-Fitr">Eid</a></td> <td>عيد الفطر</td> <td>Feirar slutten på <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">ramadan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhu_al-Hijjah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhu al-Hijjah (sida finst ikkje)">zulhijjah</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arafatdagen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arafatdagen (sida finst ikkje)">Arafatdagen</a></td> <td>يوم عرفة</td> <td>Til minne om den siste preika til Muhammad og fullføringa av den islamske meldinga </td></tr> <tr> <td>10.-13. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhu_al-Hijjah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhu al-Hijjah (sida finst ikkje)">zulhijjah</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eid_ul-Adha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eid ul-Adha (sida finst ikkje)">offerfesten</a></td> <td>عيد الأضحى</td> <td>Til minne om <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Ibrahim</a> som var viljug til å ofre sonen sin. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kjelder">Kjelder</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=38" title="Endre bolk: Kjelder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=38" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kjelder">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="references-small"> <ul><li>Denne artikkelen bygger på «<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" class="extiw" title="en:Bahrain">Bahrain</a>» frå <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="en:Main Page">Wikipedia på engelsk</a>, den 1. april 2017. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="en:Main Page">Wikipedia på engelsk</a> oppgav desse kjeldene: </li></ul></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMojtahed-Zadeh1999" class="citation book">Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=P4g6iRcZIKIC">Security and Territoriality in the Gulf of Persia: A Maritime Political Geography</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7007-1098-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7007-1098-0">978-0-7007-1098-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Pirouz&rft.aulast=Mojtahed-Zadeh&rft.btitle=Security+and+Territoriality+in+the+Gulf+of+Persia%3A+A+Maritime+Political+Geography&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1098-0&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DP4g6iRcZIKIC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3318915">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2010-census-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-2010-census_1-0">1,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-census_1-1">1,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-census_1-2">1,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-census_1-3">1,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-census_1-4">1,4</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722041338/http://www.census2010.gov.bh/results_en.php">«General Tables»</a>. Bahraini Census 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.census2010.gov.bh/results_en.php">originalen</a> 22. juli 2018. Henta 1. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=General+Tables&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bahraini+Census+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census2010.gov.bh%2Fresults_en.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198303/oman-the.lost.land.htm">Saudi Aramco World : Oman: The Lost Land</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">CNN Wire Staff (1. november 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/31/world/meast/bahrain-amnesty-protests/index.html">«Bahrain says ban on protests is response to rising violence»</a>. CNN. Henta 1. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+says+ban+on+protests+is+response+to+rising+violence&rft.au=CNN+Wire+Staff&rft.chron=1.+november+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2012%2F10%2F31%2Fworld%2Fmeast%2Fbahrain-amnesty-protests%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jepeterson.net/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/Peterson_Bahrain_Reforms.pdf">«Bahrain: Reform-Promise and Reality»</a> (PDF). J.E. Peterson. s. 157.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain%3A+Reform-Promise+and+Reality&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=157&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jepeterson.net%2Fsitebuildercontent%2Fsitebuilderfiles%2FPeterson_Bahrain_Reforms.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-EDB-5"><a href="#cite_ref-EDB_5-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101228154653/http://www.bahrainedb.com/EDBInBahrain.aspx?id=2134">«Bahrain's economy praised for diversity and sustainability»</a>. Bahrain Economic Development Board. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bahrainedb.com/EDBInBahrain.aspx?id=2134">originalen</a> 28. desember 2010. Henta 1. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%27s+economy+praised+for+diversity+and+sustainability&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bahrain+Economic+Development+Board&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bahrainedb.com%2FEDBInBahrain.aspx%3Fid%3D2134&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-EoI-6">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-EoI_6-0">6,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoI_6-1">6,1</a> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martijn_Theodoor_Houtsma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martijn Theodoor Houtsma (sida finst ikkje)">Houtsma, M. Th</a> (1960). «Baḥrayn». Encyclopedia of islam I. Leiden: E.J. Brill. s. 941.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Ba%E1%B8%A5rayn&rft.aufirst=M.+Th&rft.aulast=Houtsma&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+islam&rft.date=1960&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=941&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=E.J.+Brill&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Room, Adrian (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C">Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7864-2248-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7864-2248-7">978-0-7864-2248-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.aulast=Room&rft.btitle=Placenames+of+the+World%3A+Origins+and+Meanings+of+the+Names+for+6%2C600+Countries%2C+Cities%2C+Territories%2C+Natural+Features%2C+and+Historic+Sites&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-2248-7&rft.pub=McFarland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DM1JIPAN-eJ4C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=rezD7rvuf9YC&pg=PA584">First encyclopaedia of islam 1913–1936</a>. E.J. Brill. 1993. s. 584. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-04-09796-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-04-09796-4">978-90-04-09796-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=First+encyclopaedia+of+islam+1913%931936&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09796-4&rft.pages=584&rft.pub=E.J.+Brill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DrezD7rvuf9YC%26pg%3DPA584&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Faroughy-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Faroughy_9-0">↑</a> Faroughy, Abbas. The Bahrein Islands (750–1951): A Contribution to the Study of Power Politics in Persiabukta. Verry, Fisher & Co. (New York), 1951. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Rice, Michael (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=kWRfe7AdVaYC">The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf, c. 5000–323 BC</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-415-03268-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-415-03268-7">0-415-03268-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+the+Arabian+Gulf%2C+c.+5000%93323+BC&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-415-03268-7&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DkWRfe7AdVaYC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Rentz-11">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Rentz_11-0">11,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rentz_11-1">11,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rentz_11-2">11,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rentz_11-3">11,3</a> Rentz, G. «al- Baḥrayn». <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of islam (sida finst ikkje)">Encyclopaedia of islam</a>. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 7. juni 2016 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_COM-0089">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200517104743/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/subjects">Arkivert</a> 2020-05-17 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-maj-12"><a href="#cite_ref-maj_12-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bJLjAKH7-rIC&pg=PR16&lpg=PR16&dq">«Dialect, Culture, and Society in Aust-Arabia: Glossary»</a>. Clive Holes. 2001. s. XIX.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Dialect%2C+Culture%2C+and+Society+in+Aust-Arabia%3A+Glossary&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Clive+Holes&rft.pages=XIX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbJLjAKH7-rIC%26pg%3DPR16%26lpg%3DPR16%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1192">«Qal'at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Hovudstaden i Dilmun»</a>. UNESCO. Henta 1. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Qal%27at+al-Bahrain+%93+Ancient+Harbour+and+Hovudstaden+i+Dilmun&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1192&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Larsen, Curtis E. (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=Q65mRSPPU6UC&pg=PA52">Life and Land Use on the Bahrain Islands: The Geoarchaeology of an Ancient Society</a>. University of Chicago Press. s. 52–55. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-226-46906-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-226-46906-5">978-0-226-46906-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Curtis+E.&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.btitle=Life+and+Land+Use+on+the+Bahrain+Islands%3A+The+Geoarchaeology+of+an+Ancient+Society&rft.date=1984&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-226-46906-5&rft.pages=52-55&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DQ65mRSPPU6UC%26pg%3DPA52&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Federal Research Division (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=OsSPaxEpUS4C">Bahrain</a>. Kessinger Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-0874-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-0874-7">978-1-4191-0874-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Federal+Research+Division&rft.btitle=Bahrain&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4191-0874-7&rft.pub=Kessinger+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DOsSPaxEpUS4C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELarsen198313-16">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarsen198313_16-0">16,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarsen198313_16-1">16,1</a> <a href="#CITEREFLarsen1983">Larsen 1983</a>, s. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren, Historical Researches Into the Politics, Intercourse, and Trade of the Principal Nations of Antiquity, Henry Bohn, 1854 p38 </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> Arnold Heeren, ibid, p441 </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> Phillip Ward, Bahrain: A Travel Guide, Oleander Press p68 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> W. B. Fisher et al. The Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press 1968 p40 </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Ju. B. Tsirkin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010135456/http://www.aulaorientalis.org/AuOr%20escaneado/AuOr%2019-2001/2/7.pdf">«Canaan. Phoenicia. Sidon.»</a> (PDF). s. 274. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aulaorientalis.org/AuOr%20escaneado/AuOr%2019-2001/2/7.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 10. oktober 2017. Henta 1. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Ju.+B.+Tsirkin&rft.btitle=Canaan.+Phoenicia.+Sidon.&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=274&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aulaorientalis.org%2FAuOr%2520escaneado%2FAuOr%252019-2001%2F2%2F7.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">R. A. Donkin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=leHFqMQ9mw8C&pg=PA48&dq">Beyond Price: Pearls and Pearl-fishing : Origins to the Age of Discoveries, Volume 224</a>. s. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=R.+A.+Donkin&rft.btitle=Beyond+Price%3A+Pearls+and+Pearl-fishing+%3A+Origins+to+the+Age+of+Discoveries%2C+Volume+224&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=48&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DleHFqMQ9mw8C%26pg%3DPA48%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Michael Rice. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2hmbc9evgB0C&pg=PA401&dq">Bahrain Through The Ages - Archa</a>. s. 401–402.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Michael+Rice&rft.btitle=Bahrain+Through+The+Ages+-+Archa&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=401-402&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2hmbc9evgB0C%26pg%3DPA401%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> Arnold Heeren, p441 </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Rice, Michael (1994). The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf. Routledge. s. 20. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-03268-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-03268-1">978-0-415-03268-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Rice%2C+Michael&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+the+Arabian+Gulf&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-03268-1&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Rice, Michael (1994). The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf. Routledge. s. 21. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-03268-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-03268-1">978-0-415-03268-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Rice%2C+Michael&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+the+Arabian+Gulf&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-03268-1&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> Jean Francois Salles in Traces of Paradise: The Archaeology of Bahrain, 2500BC-300AD in Michael Rice, Harriet Crawford Ed, IB Tauris, 2002 p132 </li> <li id="cite_note-Jean_Francois_Salles_p132-28">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_Francois_Salles_p132_28-0">28,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_Francois_Salles_p132_28-1">28,1</a> Jean Francois Salles p132 </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google-29"><a href="#cite_ref-books.google_29-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Hoyland, Robert G. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=mZb9g1tSeXYC&pg=PA28">Arabia and the Arabs: From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam</a>. Routledge. s. 28. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-19535-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-19535-5">978-0-415-19535-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Robert+G.&rft.aulast=Hoyland&rft.btitle=Arabia+and+the+Arabs%3A+From+the+Bronze+Age+to+the+Coming+of+Islam&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-19535-5&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DmZb9g1tSeXYC%26pg%3DPA28&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoma-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Yoma_30-0">↑</a> Yoma 77a and Rosh Hashbanah, 23a </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> From Persian sa-mahij (سه ماهی) meaning Three Fish. </li> <li id="cite_note-orig-32"><a href="#cite_ref-orig_32-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7942/1/7942_4940.PDF?+UkUDh:CyT">«Social and political change in Bahrain since the fyrste verdskrigen»</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Durham_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Durham University (sida finst ikkje)">Durham University</a>. 1973. s. 46–47.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Social+and+political+change+in+Bahrain+since+the+fyrste+verdskrigen&rft.date=1973&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Durham+University&rft.pages=46-47&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.dur.ac.uk%2F7942%2F1%2F7942_4940.PDF%3F%2BUkUDh%3ACyT&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-ram-33">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ram_33-0">33,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ram_33-1">33,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bJLjAKH7-rIC&pg=PR24&dq">«Dialect, Culture, and Society in East Arabia: Glossary»</a>. Clive Holes. 2001. s. XXIV–XXVI.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Dialect%2C+Culture%2C+and+Society+in+East+Arabia%3A+Glossary&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Clive+Holes&rft.pages=XXIV-XXVI.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbJLjAKH7-rIC%26pg%3DPR24%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-om-34">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-om_34-0">34,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-om_34-1">34,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W8glrgh87kEC&pg=PA305&dq">«Tradition and Modernity in Arabian Language And Literature»</a>. J R Smart, J. R. Smart. 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Tradition+and+Modernity+in+Arabian+Language+And+Literature&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=J+R+Smart%2C+J.+R.+Smart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW8glrgh87kEC%26pg%3DPA305%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC&pg=PA98&dq">«E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of islam, 1913-1936, Volume 5»</a>. M. Th. Houtsma. 1993. s. 98.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=E.J.+Brill%27s+First+Encyclopaedia+of+islam%2C+1913-1936%2C+Volume+5&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=M.+Th.+Houtsma&rft.pages=98&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVa6oSxzojzoC%26pg%3DPA98%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Robert_Bertram_Serjeant_1968_488-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Robert_Bertram_Serjeant_1968_488_36-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bertram_Serjeant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Bertram Serjeant (sida finst ikkje)">Robert Bertram Serjeant</a> (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/614301?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21103732479057">«Fisher-folk and fish-traps in al-Bahrain»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=SOAS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SOAS (sida finst ikkje)">SOAS</a>. s. 488.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Robert+Bertram+Serjeant&rft.btitle=Fisher-folk+and+fish-traps+in+al-Bahrain&rft.date=1968&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=488&rft.pub=SOAS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fdiscover%2F10.2307%2F614301%3Fuid%3D2%26uid%3D4%26sid%3D21103732479057&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> Yahiya Emerick, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GAxh0K8-BVgC&pg=PA185">Critical Lives: Muhammad</a>, s. 185, Penguin, 2002 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, s. 147. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110826203308/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch4s6.html">online</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> Safiur-Rahman Mubarakpuri, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA222">The Sealed Nectar</a>, s. 226 </li> <li id="cite_note-history-40"><a href="#cite_ref-history_40-0">↑</a> Akbar Shāh Ḵẖān Najībābādī, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?ei=L8VHVM-lPNT77Aaiw4CICw&id=Pi5tAAAAMAAJ&dq=kalbi">History of islam, Volume 1</a>, s. 194. </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> Eit brev som gjev seg ut for å vere sendt frå Muhammed til al-Tamimi er bevart i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beit_al-Qur%27an_museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beit al-Qur'an museum (sida finst ikkje)">Beit al-Qur'an museum</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoora (sida finst ikkje)">Hoora</a> i Bahrain. </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated4-42"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated4_42-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/qarma.html">«Qarmatiyyah»</a>. Overview of World Religions. St. Martin's College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070428055134/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/qarma.html">Arkivert</a> frå originalen den 28. april 2007. Henta 4. mai 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Qarmatiyyah&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Overview+of+World+Religions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphiltar.ucsm.ac.uk%2Fencyclopedia%2Fislam%2Fshia%2Fqarma.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-glasse-43"><a href="#cite_ref-glasse_43-0">↑</a> Cyril Glasse, New Encyclopedia of islam, s. 245. Rowman Altamira, 2001. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0759101906" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7591-0190-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9015514">«Black Stone of Mekka»</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 25. juni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-45"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_45-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Cole, Juan (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=ntarP5hrza0C">Sacred Space And Holy War: The Politics, Culture and History of Shi'ite islam</a>. I. B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-86064-736-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-86064-736-9">978-1-86064-736-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.btitle=Sacred+Space+And+Holy+War%3A+The+Politics%2C+Culture+and+History+of+Shi%27ite+islam&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-736-9&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DntarP5hrza0C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> Smith, G.R. «Uyūnids». <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopaedia of islam (sida finst ikkje)">Encyclopaedia of islam</a>. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 16. mars 2008 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_SIM-7786">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200401120424/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/subjects">Arkivert</a> 2020-04-01 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> Cole, Juan R. I. «Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Aust-Arabia, 1300–1800», International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 19, No. 2. (May 1987), s. 177–203, at s. 179, through JSTOR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-7438%28198705%2919%3A2%3C177%3AREOTAI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-X">[3]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> Cole, Juan R. I. «Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Aust-Arabia, 1300–1800», s. 186, through JSTOR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-7438%28198705%2919%3A2%3C177%3AREOTAI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-X">[4]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> Cole, Juan R. I. «Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Aust-Arabia, 1300–1800», s. 198. </li> <li id="cite_note-cole-50"><a href="#cite_ref-cole_50-0">↑</a> Cole, Juan R. I. Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in East Arabia, 1300–1800, s. 194 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> Cole, Juan R. I. «Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Aust-Arabia, 1300–1800», s. 187 </li> <li id="cite_note-McCoy-52">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-McCoy_52-0">52,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCoy_52-1">52,1</a> <cite class="citation book">McCoy, Eric Andrew (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=hsU798UPaeYC">Iranians in Bahrain and Dei sameinte arabiske emirata: Migration, Minorities, and Identities in Persiabukta Arab States</a>. ProQuest. s. 73. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-549-93507-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-549-93507-0">978-0-549-93507-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Eric+Andrew&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.btitle=Iranians+in+Bahrain+and+Dei+sameinte+arabiske+emirata%3A+Migration%2C+Minorities%2C+and+Identities+in+Persiabukta+Arab+States&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-549-93507-0&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=ProQuest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DhsU798UPaeYC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Slot, B. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=zoTsorEN_yEC">The Origins of Kuwait</a>. BRILL. s. 110. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-04-09409-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-04-09409-3">978-90-04-09409-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.aulast=Slot&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Kuwait&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09409-3&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=BRILL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DzoTsorEN_yEC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/3af882fe7cb2511eb935435895e1a566.gif">Skøyte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124223501/http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/3af882fe7cb2511eb935435895e1a566.gif">Arkivert</a> 2016-01-24 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. for palmehage på øya Sitra i Bahrain, datert 1699–1111 Hijri, </li> <li id="cite_note-Arabia's_Frontiers_p44-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Arabia's_Frontiers_p44_55-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Wilkinson, John Craven (1991). Arabia's frontiers: the story of Britain's boundary drawing in the desert. I.B. Tauris. s. 44.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=John+Craven&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.btitle=Arabia%27s+frontiers%3A+the+story+of+Britain%27s+boundary+drawing+in+the+desert&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ameen_Rihani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ameen Rihani (sida finst ikkje)">Rihani, Ameen Fares</a> (1930). Around kystens of Arabia. Houghton Mifflin Company. s. 297.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Ameen+Fares&rft.aulast=Rihani&rft.btitle=Around+kystens+of+Arabia&rft.date=1930&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=297&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Company&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> Gazetteer of Gulf av Persia, Oman, and Central Arabia, Geographical, Volume 1, 1905 </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=bLRoWtwJnZQC">Background Notes: Mideast, March, 2011</a>. US State Department. 2011. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-59243-126-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-59243-126-7">1-59243-126-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Background+Notes%3A+Mideast%2C+March%2C+2011&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-59243-126-7&rft.pub=US+State+Department&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DbLRoWtwJnZQC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> Gazetteer of Gulf av Persia, Oman, and Central Arabia, John Gordon Lorimer, Volume 1 Historical, Part 1, p1000, 1905 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> Onley, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exeter.academia.edu/JamesOnley/Papers/335321/_The_Politics_of_Protection_in_the_Gulf_The_Arab_Rulers_and_the_British_Resident_in_the_Nineteenth_Century_2004_">The Politics of Protection in Gulf of Persia: The Arab Rulers and the British Resident in the Nineteenth Century</a>, Exeter University, 2004 p44 </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Al-Baharna, Husain (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=BH27AAAAIAAJ">Legal Status of the Arabian Gulf States: A Study of Their Treaty Relations and Their International Problems</a>. Manchester University Press. s. 31. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7190-0332-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7190-0332-6">0-7190-0332-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Husain&rft.aulast=Al-Baharna&rft.btitle=Legal+Status+of+the+Arabian+Gulf+States%3A+A+Study+of+Their+Treaty+Relations+and+Their+International+Problems&rft.date=1968&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7190-0332-6&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DBH27AAAAIAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NAS-62">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-NAS_62-0">62,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAS_62-1">62,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Smart, J. R.; Smith, G. Rex; Pridham, B. R. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=mu3tEPkVBpIC">New Arabian Studies</a>. University of Exeter Press. s. 51, 52, 53, 67, 68. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-85989-706-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-85989-706-8">978-0-85989-706-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Pridham%2C+B.+R.&rft.au=Smith%2C+G.+Rex&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft.aulast=Smart&rft.btitle=New+Arabian+Studies&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-85989-706-8&rft.pages=51%2C+52%2C+53%2C+67%2C+68&rft.pub=University+of+Exeter+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dmu3tEPkVBpIC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Pridham, B. R.; University of Exeter. Centre for Arab Gulf Studies (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=vpIOAAAAQAAJ">The Arab Gulf and the West</a>. Taylor & Francis. s. 7. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7099-4011-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7099-4011-1">978-0-7099-4011-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=University+of+Exeter.+Centre+for+Arab+Gulf+Studies&rft.aufirst=B.+R.&rft.aulast=Pridham&rft.btitle=The+Arab+Gulf+and+the+West&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7099-4011-1&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DvpIOAAAAQAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-TPG-64">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-TPG_64-0">64,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPG_64-1">64,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPG_64-2">64,2</a> <cite class="citation book">Wilson, Arnold T. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=FocirvdZKjcC">The Persiabukta: A historical sketch from the earliest times to the beginning of the twentieth century</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-136-84105-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-136-84105-7">978-1-136-84105-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Arnold+T.&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.btitle=The+Persiabukta%3A+A+historical+sketch+from+the+earliest+times+to+the+beginning+of+the+twentieth+century&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-136-84105-7&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DFocirvdZKjcC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130-65">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130_65-0">65,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130_65-1">65,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMojtahed-Zadeh1999130_65-2">65,2</a> <a href="#CITEREFMojtahed-Zadeh1999">Mojtahed-Zadeh & 1999</a>, s. 130. </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smb-digital.de/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=625685&bt=europeanaapi">Den gamle Qaṣr es-Sheik</a> (klikk på biletet for å forstørre). </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Kinninmont, Jane (28. februar 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67553/jane-kinninmont/bahrains-re-reform-movement">«Bahrain's Re-Reform Movement»</a>. Foreign Affairs. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain%27s+Re-Reform+Movement&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.aulast=Kinninmont&rft.chron=28.+februar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Farticles%2F67553%2Fjane-kinninmont%2Fbahrains-re-reform-movement&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-All_at_sea_over_'the_Gulf'-68">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-All_at_sea_over_'the_Gulf'_68-0">68,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-All_at_sea_over_'the_Gulf'_68-1">68,1</a> <cite class="citation news">Abedin, Mahan (9. desember 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625054007/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/FL09Ak03.html">«All at sea over 'the Gulf'»</a>. Asia Times Online. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/FL09Ak03.html">originalen</a> 25. juni 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=All+at+sea+over+%27the+Gulf%27&rft.aufirst=Mahan&rft.aulast=Abedin&rft.chron=9.+desember+2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Times+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatimes.com%2Fatimes%2FMiddle_East%2FFL09Ak03.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-archiveeditions-69"><a href="#cite_ref-archiveeditions_69-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000023/http://www.archiveeditions.co.uk/titledetails.asp?tid=8">«Near & Middle East Titles: Bahrain Government Annual Reports 1924–1970»</a>. Cambridge Archives Editions. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archiveeditions.co.uk/titledetails.asp?tid=8">originalen</a> 17. januar 2013. Henta 2. oktober 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Near+%26+Middle+East+Titles%3A+Bahrain+Government+Annual+Reports+1924%931970&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Cambridge+Archives+Editions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archiveeditions.co.uk%2Ftitledetails.asp%3Ftid%3D8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170518045404/http://looklex.com/e.o/bahrain.education.htm">«Bahrain Education»</a>. looklex.com. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://looklex.com/e.o/bahrain.education.htm">originalen</a> 18. mai 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+Education&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=looklex.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flooklex.com%2Fe.o%2Fbahrain.education.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/treasure-troves-of-history-and-diversity-1.1137150">Treasure troves of history and diversity</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf News (sida finst ikkje)">Gulf News</a>. January 25, 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-ICB-72"><a href="#cite_ref-ICB_72-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/mishmahig_islands_bahrain.php">«Bahrain:"How was separated from Iran" ?»</a>. Iran Chamber Society. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%3A%22How+was+separated+from+Iran%22+%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Iran+Chamber+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranchamber.com%2Fgeography%2Farticles%2Fmishmahig_islands_bahrain.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  Basert på utdrag frå <cite class="citation journal">Mojtahedzadeh, Piruz (1995). «Bahrain: the land of political movements». Rahavard, a Persian Journal of Iranian Studies XI (39).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain%3A+the+land+of+political+movements&rft.aufirst=Piruz&rft.aulast=Mojtahedzadeh&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=39&rft.jtitle=Rahavard%2C+a+Persian+Journal+of+Iranian+Studies&rft.volume=XI&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Yergin, Daniel (13. januar 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/13/business/forum-the-incessant-lure-of-kuwait-s-oil.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">«The Incessant Lure of Kuwait's Oil»</a>. The New York Times. Henta 5. oktober 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=The+Incessant+Lure+of+Kuwait%27s+Oil&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.aulast=Yergin&rft.chron=13.+januar+1991&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F13%2Fbusiness%2Fforum-the-incessant-lure-of-kuwait-s-oil.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26src%3Dpm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-TBE-74"><a href="#cite_ref-TBE_74-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110515094735/http://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/bahrain.htm">«Bahrain»</a>. britishempire.co.uk. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/bahrain.htm">originalen</a> 15. mai 2011. Henta 22. mars 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=britishempire.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishempire.co.uk%2Fmaproom%2Fbahrain.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> Old Days Bahrain 1986 s.108-113 </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Mulligan, William E. (July–August 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120929071403/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197604/air.raid.a.sequel.htm">«Air Raid! A Sequel»</a>. Saudi Aramco World. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197604/air.raid.a.sequel.htm">originalen</a> 29. september 2012. Henta 2. oktober 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Air+Raid%21+A+Sequel&rft.au=Mulligan%2C+William+E.&rft.date=1976-07%2F1976-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F197604%2Fair.raid.a.sequel.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Hamza-77">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Hamza_77-0">77,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hamza_77-1">77,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Hamza, Abdul Aziz (2009). Tears on an Island: A History of Disasters in the kongedømet Bahrain. Al Waad. s. 165. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/99901-92-22-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/99901-92-22-7">99901-92-22-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Abdul+Aziz&rft.aulast=Hamza&rft.btitle=Tears+on+an+Island%3A+A+History+of+Disasters+in+the+konged%C3%B8met+Bahrain&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=99901-92-22-7&rft.pages=165&rft.pub=Al+Waad&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-israelnationalnews.com-78">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-israelnationalnews.com_78-0">78,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-israelnationalnews.com_78-1">78,1</a> <cite class="citation web">Ratzlav-Katz, Nissan (14. august 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003051455/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/127201#.UGxDIk3A-So">«The King of Bahrain Wants the Jews Back»</a>. Israel National News. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/127201#.UGxDIk3A-So">originalen</a> 3. oktober 2012. Henta 2. oktober 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=The+King+of+Bahrain+Wants+the+Jews+Back&rft.au=Ratzlav-Katz%2C+Nissan&rft.chron=14.+august+2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+National+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2FNews%2FNews.aspx%2F127201%23.UGxDIk3A-So&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_11.5.2012-79">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_11.5.2012_79-0">79,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_11.5.2012_79-1">79,1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Curtis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Curtis (sida finst ikkje)">Curtis, Adam</a> (11. mai 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/adamcurtis/2012/05/if_you_take_my_advice_-_id_rep.html">«If you take my advice – I'd repress them»</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/bahrain.htm">kongedømet Bahrain</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://didyouknow.org/lists/independence/">Country independence dates</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=pP315Mw3S9EC&pg=PA225">The Middle East and North Africa 2004</a>. Routledge. 2003. s. 225. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-85743-184-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-85743-184-7">1-85743-184-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East+and+North+Africa+2004&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-85743-184-7&rft.pages=225&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpP315Mw3S9EC%26pg%3DPA225&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated3-83"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_83-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/6BD7GLZiL">«Bahrain»</a>. National Post. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalpost.com/story.html?id=9be313d4-b349-40e2-a5f0-05fe3ee3a17a">originalen</a> 2. april 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalpost.com%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3D9be313d4-b349-40e2-a5f0-05fe3ee3a17a&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Talbott, Strobe (25. oktober 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723042209/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953597-4,00.html">«Gulf States: Stay Just on the Horizon, Please»</a>. Time. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953597-4,00.html">originalen</a> 23. juli 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Gulf+States%3A+Stay+Just+on+the+Horizon%2C+Please&rft.au=Talbott%2C+Strobe&rft.chron=25.+oktober+1982&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C953597-4%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Darwish, Adel (1. mars 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117074439/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-55237347.html">«Bahrain remains stable despite arson attacks that took place in the country»</a>. The Middle East. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HighBeam_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HighBeam Research (sida finst ikkje)">HighBeam Research</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-55237347.html">originalen</a> 17. januar 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+remains+stable+despite+arson+attacks+that+took+place+in+the+country&rft.au=Darwish%2C+Adel&rft.chron=1.+mars+1999&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Middle+East&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-55237347.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117074426/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-83925934.html">«The Rich/Poor & Sunni/Shiite Rift»</a>. APS Diplomat. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HighBeam_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HighBeam Research (sida finst ikkje)">HighBeam Research</a>. 18. mars 2002. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-83925934.html">originalen</a> 17. januar 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=The+Rich%2FPoor+%26+Sunni%2FShiite+Rift&rft.chron=18.+mars+2002&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=APS+Diplomat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-83925934.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Darwish, Adel (March 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414210838/http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/1999/issue1/jv3n1a7.html">«Rebellion in Bahrain»</a>. Middle East Review of International Affairs 3 (1). Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/1999/issue1/jv3n1a7.html">originalen</a> 14. april 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Rebellion+in+Bahrain&rft.au=Darwish%2C+Adel&rft.date=1999-03&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.volume=3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeria.idc.ac.il%2Fjournal%2F1999%2Fissue1%2Fjv3n1a7.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Malik, Adnan (14. desember 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121004010101/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-70367092.html">«Bahrain's monarch opens parliament after a span of nearly 30 years»</a>. Associated Press (via <a href="/w/index.php?title=HighBeam_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HighBeam Research (sida finst ikkje)">HighBeam Research</a>). Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-70367092.html">originalen</a> 4. oktober 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Malik%2C+Adnan&rft.btitle=Bahrain%27s+monarch+opens+parliament+after+a+span+of+nearly+30+years&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Associated+Press+%28via+HighBeam+Research%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P1-70367092.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AI_Bahr_promising-89">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-AI_Bahr_promising_89-0">89,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AI_Bahr_promising_89-1">89,1</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511075723/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE11/005/2001/en/d76b504c-f84c-11dd-a0a9-2bd73ca4d38a/mde110052001en.pdf">«Bahrain: Promising human rights reform must continue»</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>. 13. mars 2001. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE11/005/2001/en/d76b504c-f84c-11dd-a0a9-2bd73ca4d38a/mde110052001en.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 11. mai 2011. Henta 9. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain%3A+Promising+human+rights+reform+must+continue&rft.chron=13.+mars+2001&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Flibrary%2Fasset%2FMDE11%2F005%2F2001%2Fen%2Fd76b504c-f84c-11dd-a0a9-2bd73ca4d38a%2Fmde110052001en.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-UNDP-POGAR-90"><a href="#cite_ref-UNDP-POGAR_90-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021433/http://www.pogar.org/countries/theme.aspx?t=3&cid=2">«Country Theme: Elections: Bahrain»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dei_sameinte_nasjonane_Development_Program&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dei sameinte nasjonane Development Program (sida finst ikkje)">UNDP</a>-Programme on Governance in the Arab Region. 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogar.org/countries/theme.aspx?t=3&cid=2">originalen</a> 10. mai 2011. Henta 9. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Country+Theme%3A+Elections%3A+Bahrain&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UNDP-Programme+on+Governance+in+the+Arab+Region&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogar.org%2Fcountries%2Ftheme.aspx%3Ft%3D3%26cid%3D2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Europa-91">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Europa_91-0">91,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Europa_91-1">91,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Europa_91-2">91,2</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=pP315Mw3S9EC&pg=PA232">The Middle East and North Africa 2004</a>. Europa Publications. 2003. s. 232. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-85743-184-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-85743-184-7">1-85743-184-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East+and+North+Africa+2004&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-85743-184-7&rft.pages=232&rft.pub=Europa+Publications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpP315Mw3S9EC%26pg%3DPA232&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060727-14.html">«To Implement the United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement, and for Other Purposes»</a>. White House Archives. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=To+Implement+the+United+States-Bahrain+Free+Trade+Agreement%2C+and+for+Other+Purposes&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=White+House+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeorgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov%2Fnews%2Freleases%2F2006%2F07%2F20060727-14.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-reutbahsoe-93"><a href="#cite_ref-reutbahsoe_93-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151004044222/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/15/us-bahrain-emergency-idUKTRE72E3E620110315">«Bahrain declares state of emergency after unrest»</a>. Reuters. 15. mars 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/15/us-bahrain-emergency-idUKTRE72E3E620110315">originalen</a> 4. oktober 2015. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+declares+state+of+emergency+after+unrest&rft.chron=15.+mars+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F03%2F15%2Fus-bahrain-emergency-idUKTRE72E3E620110315&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bici-94">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bici_94-0">94,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bici_94-1">94,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bici_94-2">94,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bici_94-3">94,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bici_94-4">94,4</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bici.org.bh/">«Report of the Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry»</a>. BICI.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Bahrain+Independent+Commission+of+Inquiry&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BICI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bici.org.bh%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News-95"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_95-0">↑</a> Law, Bill (6. april 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12975832">«Police Brutality Turns Bahrain Into 'Island of Fear'</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crossing_Continents&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crossing Continents (sida finst ikkje)">Crossing Continents</a> (via <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>). Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Press_release&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Press release (sida finst ikkje)">Press release</a> (30. mars 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO1103/S01049/usa-emphatic-support-to-saudi-arabia.htm">»USA Emphatic Support to Saudi-Arabia"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zayd_Alisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zayd Alisa (sida finst ikkje)">Zayd Alisa</a> (via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scoop_(website)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scoop (website) (sida finst ikkje)">Scoop</a>). Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Cockburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Cockburn (sida finst ikkje)">Cockburn, Patrick</a> (18. mars 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/the-footage-that-reveals-the-brutal-truth-about-bahrains-crackdown-2245364.html">«The Footage That Reveals the Brutal Truth About Bahrain's Crackdown – Seven Protest Leaders Arrested as Video Clip Highlights Regime's Ruthless Grip on Power»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-aljazeera-98"><a href="#cite_ref-aljazeera_98-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318232930/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/11/20111123125645404851.html">«Bahrain inquiry confirms rights abuses»</a>. Al Jazeera English. 23. november 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/11/20111123125645404851.html">originalen</a> 18. mars 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+inquiry+confirms+rights+abuses&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera+English&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F11%2F20111123125645404851.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170417152940/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/applying-pressure-on-bahrain/2011/05/09/AF3sV6bG_story.html">«Applying pressure on Bahrain»</a>. The Washington Post. 10. mai 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/applying-pressure-on-bahrain/2011/05/09/AF3sV6bG_story.html">originalen</a> 17. april 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Applying+pressure+on+Bahrain&rft.chron=10.+mai+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fopinions%2Fapplying-pressure-on-bahrain%2F2011%2F05%2F09%2FAF3sV6bG_story.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AJE_23.4.2012-100"><a href="#cite_ref-AJE_23.4.2012_100-0">↑</a> Carlstrom, Gregg (23. april 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/04/20124231124916976.html">«Bahrain court delays ruling in activists case»</a>. Al Jazeera English. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-reutbahral-101"><a href="#cite_ref-reutbahral_101-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Solomon, Erika (11. juni 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153500/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/11/us-bahrain-idUSTRE75A19G20110611">«Thousands rally for reform in Bahrain»</a>. Reuters. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/11/us-bahrain-idUSTRE75A19G20110611">originalen</a> 24. september 2015. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Thousands+rally+for+reform+in+Bahrain&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Erika&rft.chron=11.+juni+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F06%2F11%2Fus-bahrain-idUSTRE75A19G20110611&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcbahmar-102"><a href="#cite_ref-bbcbahmar_102-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170422001511/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17309839">«Bahrain protesters join anti-government march in Manama»</a>. BBC News. 9. mars 2012. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17309839">originalen</a> 22. april 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+protesters+join+anti-government+march+in+Manama&rft.chron=9.+mars+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-17309839&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-reutbahmass-103"><a href="#cite_ref-reutbahmass_103-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151004064612/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/03/09/uk-bahrain-protest-idUKBRE82816T20120309">«Mass pro-democracy protest rocks Bahrain»</a>. Reuters. 9. mars 2012. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/03/09/uk-bahrain-protest-idUKBRE82816T20120309">originalen</a> 4. oktober 2015. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Mass+pro-democracy+protest+rocks+Bahrain&rft.chron=9.+mars+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F03%2F09%2Fuk-bahrain-protest-idUKBRE82816T20120309&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-JSC_live_blog_25._januar_2012-104"><a href="#cite_ref-JSC_live_blog_25._januar_2012_104-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.aljazeera.com/liveblog/bahrain-jan-25-2012-1836">«Bahrain live blog 25 Jan 2012»</a>. Al Jazeera. 25. januar 2012. Henta 17. februar 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+live+blog+25+Jan+2012&rft.chron=25.+januar+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.aljazeera.com%2Fliveblog%2Fbahrain-jan-25-2012-1836&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-JSC_112._juli_2016-105"><a href="#cite_ref-JSC_112._juli_2016_105-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216230432/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/02/201221415146400277.html">«Heavy police presence blocks Bahrain protests»</a>. Al Jazeera. 112. juli 2016. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/02/201221415146400277.html">originalen</a> 16. februar 2012. Henta 17. februar 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Heavy+police+presence+blocks+Bahrain+protests&rft.chron=112.+juli+2016&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2012%2F02%2F201221415146400277.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26421744">«Bomb blast kills three Bahrain policemen»</a>. BBC. 3. mars 2014. Henta 6. mars 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bomb+blast+kills+three+Bahrain+policemen&rft.chron=3.+mars+2014&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-26421744&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161103012118/http://countrystudies.us/persian-gulf-states/34.htm">«Bahrain Geography and Population»</a>. countrystudies.us. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/persian-gulf-states/34.htm">originalen</a> 3. november 2016. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+Geography+and+Population&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=countrystudies.us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fpersian-gulf-states%2F34.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-108">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_108-0">108,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_108-1">108,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_108-2">108,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_108-3">108,3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/49072/Bahrain">«Bahrain»</a>. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F49072%2FBahrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010140839/http://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/rhc/RSAHC/RSAHC5/RSAHC%205-7.1%20-%20Bahrain%20National%20Report.pdf">kongedømet Bahrain National Report</a> (PDF), <a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization</a>, 2013, s. 1, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/rhc/RSAHC/RSAHC5/RSAHC%205-7.1%20-%20Bahrain%20National%20Report.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 10. oktober 2017, henta 11. juni 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=konged%C3%B8met+Bahrain+National+Report&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=International+Hydrographic+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iho.int%2Fmtg_docs%2Frhc%2FRSAHC%2FRSAHC5%2FRSAHC%25205-7.1%2520-%2520Bahrain%2520National%2520Report.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Abdulla, Muhammed Ahmed; Zain al-'Abdeen, Bashir (2009). تاريخ البحرين الحديث (1500–2002) [Modern History of Bahrain (1500–2002)]. Bahrain: Historical Studies Centre, <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Bahrain (sida finst ikkje)">University of Bahrain</a>. s. 26, 29, 59. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-99901-06-75-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-99901-06-75-6">978-99901-06-75-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Zain+al-%27Abdeen%2C+Bashir&rft.aufirst=Muhammed+Ahmed&rft.aulast=Abdulla&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB+%281500%932002%29&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-99901-06-75-6&rft.pages=26%2C+29%2C+59&rft.place=Bahrain&rft.pub=Historical+Studies+Centre%2C+University+of+Bahrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-111">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_111-0">111,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_111-1">111,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_111-2">111,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_111-3">111,3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ba.html">«CIA World Factbook, «Bahrain»»</a>. Cia.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229005328/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ba.html">Arkivert</a> frå originalen den 29. desember 2010. Henta 25. januar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=CIA+World+Factbook%2C+%ABBahrain%BB&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Cia.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fba.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-TR-112">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-TR_112-0">112,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TR_112-1">112,1</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jipEf3jnyIoC&pg=PA25">The Report: Bahrain 2010</a>. Oxford Business Group. s. 12–25. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-907065-22-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-907065-22-4">978-1-907065-22-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=The+Report%3A+Bahrain+2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-907065-22-4&rft.pages=12-25&rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjipEf3jnyIoC%26pg%3DPA25&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Alsharhan, A. S. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=NT38_2MNqdQC">Hydrogeology of an Arid Region: The Arabian Gulf and Adjoining Areas</a>. Elsevier. s. 188–190. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-444-50225-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-444-50225-4">978-0-444-50225-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=A.+S.&rft.aulast=Alsharhan&rft.btitle=Hydrogeology+of+an+Arid+Region%3A+The+Arabian+Gulf+and+Adjoining+Areas&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-444-50225-4&rft.pages=188-190&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DNT38_2MNqdQC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Hasanean, H.M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iprc.soest.hawaii.edu/~yqwang/Middle-east-meteorology.doc">«Middle East Meteorology»</a>. International Pacific Research Center. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=H.M&rft.aulast=Hasanean&rft.btitle=Middle+East+Meteorology&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=International+Pacific+Research+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iprc.soest.hawaii.edu%2F~yqwang%2FMiddle-east-meteorology.doc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daude_eksterne_lenkjer" title="Wikipedia:Daude eksterne lenkjer">daud lenkje</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> Martin-King, Philippa (June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iec.ch/etech/2011/etech_0611/tech-1.htm">«Intelligent buildings»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150711124633/http://www.iec.ch/etech/2011/etech_0611/tech-1.htm">Arkivert</a> 2015-07-11 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Electrotechnical_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Electrotechnical Commission (sida finst ikkje)">International Electrotechnical Commission</a>. Henta 5. juli 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-WMO-116"><a href="#cite_ref-WMO_116-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldweather.wmo.int/051/c00220.htm">«World Weather Information Service – Bahrain/Manama»</a>. World Meteorological Organization. 23. juli 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=World+Weather+Information+Service+%93+Bahrain%2FManama&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldweather.wmo.int%2F051%2Fc00220.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Fuller-117">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-0">117,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-1">117,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-2">117,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-3">117,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-4">117,4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-5">117,5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-6">117,6</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_117-7">117,7</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000005/http://www.fuller-imc.com/images/Bahrain%20CBD%20Final%20Report.pdf">Towards a Bahrain National Report to the konvensjonen for biologisk mangfald</a> (PDF). Fuller & Associates. 2005. s. 22, 23, 28. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fuller-imc.com/images/Bahrain%20CBD%20Final%20Report.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 17. januar 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Towards+a+Bahrain+National+Report+to+the+konvensjonen+for+biologisk+mangfald&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=22%2C+23%2C+28&rft.pub=Fuller+%26+Associates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fuller-imc.com%2Fimages%2FBahrain%2520CBD%2520Final%2520Report.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-CBD-118">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CBD_118-0">118,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBD_118-1">118,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbd.int/countries/profile.shtml?country=bh#status">«Country profile: Bahrain»</a>. konvensjonen for biologisk mangfald. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Country+profile%3A+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=konvensjonen+for+biologisk+mangfald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbd.int%2Fcountries%2Fprofile.shtml%3Fcountry%3Dbh%23status&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/bahrain/index.html">«Bahrain News — The Protests»</a>. New York Times. 2. april 2017. Henta 2. juli 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2010/03/2010356756685605.html">«Bahrain Shia demand cabinet change»</a>. Al Jazeera English. 5. mars 2010. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516085844/http://www.electionguide.org/country.php?ID=18">«Bahrain»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Foundation_for_Electoral_Systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Foundation for Electoral Systems (sida finst ikkje)">International Foundation for Electoral Systems</a>. 26. juli 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electionguide.org/country.php?ID=18">originalen</a> 16. mai 2011. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=International+Foundation+for+Electoral+Systems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electionguide.org%2Fcountry.php%3FID%3D18&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electionguide.org/country-news.php?ID=18">«Bahrain – News Archive»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160325100037/http://www.electionguide.org/country-news.php?id=18">Arkivert</a> 2016-03-25 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Election Guide. 24. september 2011. Henta 2. juli 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-ThReut_boycott-123"><a href="#cite_ref-ThReut_boycott_123-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120910020714/http://english.ahram.org.eg/~/NewsContent/2/8/22324/World/Region/Bahrain-holds-vote-to-fill-seats-vacated-during-un.aspx">«Bahrain holds vote to fill seats vacated during unrest»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ahram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ahram (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahram</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomson_Reuters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomson Reuters (sida finst ikkje)">Thomson Reuters</a>. 24. september 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.ahram.org.eg/~/NewsContent/2/8/22324/World/Region/Bahrain-holds-vote-to-fill-seats-vacated-during-un.aspx">originalen</a> 10. september 2012. Henta 24. september 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+holds+vote+to+fill+seats+vacated+during+unrest&rft.chron=24.+september+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.ahram.org.eg%2F~%2FNewsContent%2F2%2F8%2F22324%2FWorld%2FRegion%2FBahrain-holds-vote-to-fill-seats-vacated-during-un.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_violence-124"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_violence_124-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Bronner, Ethan (24. september 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110925105104/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/world/middleeast/bahrain-protesters-and-police-clash-during-election.html">«Bahrain Vote Erupts in Violence»</a>. The New York Times. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/world/middleeast/bahrain-protesters-and-police-clash-during-election.html">originalen</a> 25. september 2011. Henta 24. september 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+Vote+Erupts+in+Violence&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft.aulast=Bronner&rft.chron=24.+september+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F25%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fbahrain-protesters-and-police-clash-during-election.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Krane, Jim (26. november 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161023060451/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/26/AR2006112600280.html">«islamists Dominate Bahrain Elections»</a>. Washington Post. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/26/AR2006112600280.html">originalen</a> 23. oktober 2016. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=islamists+Dominate+Bahrain+Elections&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.aulast=Krane&rft.chron=26.+november+2006&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2006%2F11%2F26%2FAR2006112600280.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a> Sandy Russell Jones (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/25164777?uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=56291959703">«The Battle over Family Law in Bahrain»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_East_Research_and_Information_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle East Research and Information Project (sida finst ikkje)">Middle East Research and Information Project</a>. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a> Hamada, Suad (5. juni 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipsnews.net/2009/06/religion-new-family-law-for-sunni-women-in-bahrain-not-for-shiites/">«Religion: New Family Law for Sunni Women in Bahrain Not for Shiites»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inter_Press_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inter Press Service (sida finst ikkje)">Inter Press Service</a>. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHuman_Rights_Without_Frontiers" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Rights_Without_Frontiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human Rights Without Frontiers (sida finst ikkje)">Human Rights Without Frontiers</a> (28. oktober 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religlaw.org/content/blurb/files/bahrain%20preliminary%20report.pdf">Which Future For Bahrain?</a> (PDF), <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Center_for_Law_and_Religion_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Center for Law and Religion Studies (sida finst ikkje)">International Center for Law and Religion Studies</a>, s. 8–9, henta 2. april 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Human+Rights+Without+Frontiers&rft.btitle=Which+Future+For+Bahrain%3F&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=8-9&rft.pub=International+Center+for+Law+and+Religion+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religlaw.org%2Fcontent%2Fblurb%2Ffiles%2Fbahrain%2520preliminary%2520report.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a> MacLeod, Scott (14. mai 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1193998,00.html">«Ghada Jamsheer: Activist»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130823144800/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1193998,00.html">Arkivert</a> 2013-08-23 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-GJ_18.12.2006-130">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-GJ_18.12.2006_130-0">130,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GJ_18.12.2006_130-1">130,1</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghada_Jamsheer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghada Jamsheer (sida finst ikkje)">Ghada Jamsheer</a> (18. desember 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wluml.org/sites/wluml.org/files/Bahraini%20activist%20Ghada%20Jamsheer's%20speech%20to%20the%20House%20of%20Lords%202006.pdf">«Women in Bahrain and the Struggle Against Artificial Reforms»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010140026/http://www.wluml.org/sites/wluml.org/files/Bahraini%20activist%20Ghada%20Jamsheer%27s%20speech%20to%20the%20House%20of%20Lords%202006.pdf">Arkivert</a> 2017-10-10 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Women Living Under Muslim Laws. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-Amnesty_27.9.1995-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Amnesty_27.9.1995_131-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116233453/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE11/019/1995/en/ae21a4fd-eb34-11dd-92ac-295bdf97101f/mde110191995en.html">«Bahrain Sa'id 'Abd al-Rasul al-Iskafi»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>. 27. september 1995. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE11/019/1995/en/ae21a4fd-eb34-11dd-92ac-295bdf97101f/mde110191995en.html">originalen</a> 16. januar 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+Sa%27id+%27Abd+al-Rasul+al-Iskafi&rft.chron=27.+september+1995&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Flibrary%2Fasset%2FMDE11%2F019%2F1995%2Fen%2Fae21a4fd-eb34-11dd-92ac-295bdf97101f%2Fmde110191995en.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW_1.6.1997-132"><a href="#cite_ref-HRW_1.6.1997_132-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170510104546/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1997/bahrain/">«Routine abuse, routine denial»</a>. Human Rights Watch. 1. juni 1997. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1997/bahrain/">originalen</a> 10. mai 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Routine+abuse%2C+routine+denial&rft.chron=1.+juni+1997&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Flegacy%2Freports%2F1997%2Fbahrain%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/nea/8246.htm">«Country Reports on Human Rights Practices»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Department of State (sida finst ikkje)">United States Department of State</a>. 4. mars 2002. 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Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=World+Report+2011%3A+Bahrain&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fen%2Fworld-report-2011%2Fworld-report-2011-bahrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Freedom_in_the_World_2012-136"><a href="#cite_ref-Freedom_in_the_World_2012_136-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/bahrain">«Freedom in Bahrain 2011»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a>. 2011. 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Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rsf.org/spip.php?page=classement&id_rubrique=297">originalen</a> 5. februar 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=RWB+Press+Freedom+Index+2002&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rsf.org%2Fspip.php%3Fpage%3Dclassement%26id_rubrique%3D297&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-RWB_2010-139"><a href="#cite_ref-RWB_2010_139-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127185207/http://en.rsf.org/spip.php?page=classement&id_rubrique=1034">«RWB Press Freedom Index 2010»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reporters_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reporters Without Borders (sida finst ikkje)">Reporters Without Borders</a>. 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rsf.org/spip.php?page=classement&id_rubrique=1034">originalen</a> 27. januar 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=RWB+Press+Freedom+Index+2010&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rsf.org%2Fspip.php%3Fpage%3Dclassement%26id_rubrique%3D1034&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FH_Press_Freedom_2011-140"><a href="#cite_ref-FH_Press_Freedom_2011_140-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2011/bahrain">«FH Press Freedom Index 2011»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a>. 2011. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=FH+Press+Freedom+Index+2011&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Freport%2Ffreedom-press%2F2011%2Fbahrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a> Elizabeth Dickinson (23. november 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/1123/Bahrain-commission-issues-brutal-critique-of-Arab-Spring-crackdown?cmpid=ema:nws:Daily%20Custom%202%20%2811232011%29&cmpid=ema:nws:NzQ4MDU5MzY0OQS2">«Bahrain commission issues brutal critique of den arabiske våren crackdown»</a>. The Christian Science Monitor. 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Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Amnesty+report%3A+Bahrain+reforms+are+%27flawed%2C%27+%27inadequate%27&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.chron=17.+april+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.cnn.com%2F2012-04-17%2Fmiddleeast%2Fworld_meast_bahrain-unrest_1_amnesty-report-reforms-human-rights%3F_s%3DPM%3AMIDDLEEAST&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17887731">«Bahrain police 'continue to torture detainees'»</a>. BBC. 29. april 2012. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a> (en) <cite class="citation web">Gordts, Eline (5. august 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/05/shouting-in-the-dark-bahr_n_918944.html">«Shouting In The Dark: Al Jazeera Bahrain Documentary Shows The Bloody Fight For Democracy»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Huffington_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Huffington Post (sida finst ikkje)">The Huffington Post</a>. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Gordts%2C+Eline&rft.btitle=Shouting+In+The+Dark%3A+Al+Jazeera+Bahrain+Documentary+Shows+The+Bloody+Fight+For+Democracy&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%27%27The+Huffington+Post%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2011%2F08%2F05%2Fshouting-in-the-dark-bahr_n_918944.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AJStream-145"><a href="#cite_ref-AJStream_145-0">↑</a> (en) <cite class="citation web">AJStream (8. august 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HnvaiUweGc">«The Stream - Bahrain Foreign Minister Criticizes Al Jazeera Documentary on Twitter»</a>. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=AJStream&rft.btitle=The+Stream+-+Bahrain+Foreign+Minister+Criticizes+Al+Jazeera+Documentary+on+Twitter&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D6HnvaiUweGc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a> (en) <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141116222743/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/16/us-gulf-summit-ambassadors-idUSKCN0J00Y420141116">«Saudi-Arabia, UAE and Bahrain end rift with Qatar, return ambassadors»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 13. juni 2016. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/16/us-gulf-summit-ambassadors-idUSKCN0J00Y420141116">originalen</a> 16. november 2014. 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Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=In+Bahrain%2C+Women+Run%2C+Women+Vote%2C+Women+Lose&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.aulast=MacFarquhar&rft.chron=22.+mai+2002&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F05%2F22%2Fworld%2Fin-bahrain-women-run-women-vote-women-lose.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26src%3Dpm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Darwish, Adel (26. oktober 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/bahrain/1411342/islamists-gain-majority-in-Bahrain.html">«islamists gain majority in Bahrain»</a>. The Telegraph (London). Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=islamists+gain+majority+in+Bahrain&rft.au=Darwish%2C+Adel&rft.chron=26.+oktober+2002&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fbahrain%2F1411342%2Fislamists-gain-majority-in-Bahrain.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=18635">Jew and Christian amongst 10 women in Shura council</a> Middle East Online </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=18797&Cr=general&Cr1=assembly">'UN General Assembly to be headed by its third-ever woman president'</a>, Dei sameinte nasjonane, 8. juni 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a> Toumi, Habib (27. november 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/bahrain/women-fail-to-add-to-the-seat-won-unopposed-1.267190">«Women fail to add to the seat won unopposed»</a>. Gulf News. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">↑</a> Toumi, Habib (8. oktober 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/bahrain/bahrain-women-mps-set-to-make-a-difference-as-parliament-reconvenes-1.887965">«Bahrain women MPs set to make a difference as parliament reconvenes»</a>. Gulf News. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7426806.stm">«Bahrain names Jewish ambassador»</a>. BBC News. 29. mai 2008. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> Toumi, Habib (27. mai 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/bahrain/bahrain-urges-greater-global-religious-tolerance-1.1028303">«Bahrain urges greater global religious tolerance»</a>. Gulf News. Henta 2. april 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-155">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_155-0">155,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_155-1">155,1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14541053">«Bahrain profile»</a>. BBC News. 29. januar 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+profile&rft.chron=29.+januar+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-14541053&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-156"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_156-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14541053">«Bahrain profile - Media»</a>. BBC News. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+profile+-+Media&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-14541053&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26414.htm">«Bahrain»</a>. The 2011 US Department of State Background Notes. <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Department of State (sida finst ikkje)">United States Department of State</a>. Henta 2. mars 2012. «The Bahrain Defense Force (BDF) numbers about 13 000 personnel.»</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+2011+US+Department+of+State+Background+Notes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F26414.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.bh/AboutBahrain/Goverment/HHtheCrownPrince/tabid/139/language/en-US/Default.aspx">«Crown Prince Biography»</a>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Bahrain. 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Henta 6. oktober 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=HRH+Prince+Salman+Exchanges+Letters+With+BDF+Chief+Commander&rft.chron=4.+juni+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bahrain+News+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bna.bh%2Fportal%2Fen%2Fnews%2F459401&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Singh Singh, Ravi Shekhar (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=LVjhy7I2lDAC&pg=PA368">Asian Strategic And Military Perspective</a>. Lancer Publishers. s. 368. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-81-7062-245-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-81-7062-245-1">978-81-7062-245-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Ravi+Shekhar&rft.aulast=Singh+Singh&rft.btitle=Asian+Strategic+And+Military+Perspective&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-7062-245-1&rft.pages=368&rft.pub=Lancer+Publishers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DLVjhy7I2lDAC%26pg%3DPA368&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navsource.org/archives/07/0724.htm">«USS Jack Williams (FFG 24)»</a>. Navsource Online. 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Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Palestine+Peace+Process&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Bahrain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.bh%2FDefault.aspx%3Ftabid%3D112%26language%3Den-US&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gcc-sg.org/eng/indexc64c.html?action=GCC">«Member States of the GCC»</a>. GCC. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Member+States+of+the+GCC&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=GCC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcc-sg.org%2Feng%2Findexc64c.html%3Faction%3DGCC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyulocal.com/national/2012/04/13/a-bahraini-hunger-strike-and-an-inhumane-argument/">«A Bahraini Hunger Strike And An Inhumane Argument Read more: A Bahraini Hunger Strike And An Inhumane Argument»</a>. NYU Local. 28. mai 2016. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=A+Bahraini+Hunger+Strike+And+An+Inhumane+Argument+Read+more%3A+A+Bahraini+Hunger+Strike+And+An+Inhumane+Argument&rft.chron=28.+mai+2016&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NYU+Local&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyulocal.com%2Fnational%2F2012%2F04%2F13%2Fa-bahraini-hunger-strike-and-an-inhumane-argument%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503203713/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-02/20/content_10852316.htm">«Bahrain slams Iran's claims, suspends gas deal talks»</a>. Xinhua News Agency. 20. februar 2009. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-02/20/content_10852316.htm">originalen</a> 3. mai 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+slams+Iran%27s+claims%2C+suspends+gas+deal+talks&rft.chron=20.+februar+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2009-02%2F20%2Fcontent_10852316.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/8536037/Saudi-troops-sent-to-crush-Bahrain-protests-had-British-training.html">Saudi troops sent to crush Bahrain protests 'had British training'</a>". <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. 25. mai 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-MMAUP-173">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MMAUP_173-0">173,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MMAUP_173-1">173,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MMAUP_173-2">173,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MMAUP_173-3">173,3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121213042316/http://websrv.municipality.gov.bh/mun/pages/History_en.jsp">«History of Municipalities»</a>. Ministry of Municipalities Affairs and Urban Planning – kongedømet Bahrain. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://websrv.municipality.gov.bh/mun/pages/History_en.jsp">originalen</a> 13. desember 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=History+of+Municipalities&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Municipalities+Affairs+and+Urban+Planning+%93+konged%C3%B8met+Bahrain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebsrv.municipality.gov.bh%2Fmun%2Fpages%2FHistory_en.jsp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Statoids-174">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Statoids_174-0">174,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Statoids_174-1">174,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statoids.com/ubh.html">«guvernement i Bahrain»</a>. Statoids. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=guvernement+i+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Statoids&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statoids.com%2Fubh.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170620203251/http://www.theestimate.com/public/051702.html">«Three Polls, Three Different Approaches»</a>. The Estimate. 17. mai 2002. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theestimate.com/public/051702.html">originalen</a> 20. juni 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Three+Polls%2C+Three+Different+Approaches&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Estimate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theestimate.com%2Fpublic%2F051702.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170620051953/http://www.capital.gov.bh/pages/pdf/govlawe.pdf">«Decree No.17 for 2002»</a> (PDF). Hovudstadguvernementet. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capital.gov.bh/pages/pdf/govlawe.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 20. juni 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Decree+No.17+for+2002&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Hovudstadguvernementet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.gov.bh%2Fpages%2Fpdf%2Fgovlawe.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=386389">The Gulf Daily News</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2008-178"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2008_178-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7116">Bahrain expected to bustle</a> Arabian Business, 1. februar 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2011-179"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2011_179-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/index/">Index of Economic Freedom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130629215405/http://www.heritage.org/index/">Arkivert</a> 2013-06-29 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Heritage Foundation </li> <li id="cite_note-hedgefundsreview-180"><a href="#cite_ref-hedgefundsreview_180-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hedgefundsreview.com/public/showPage.html?page=744774">Hedge Funds Review</a> 18. mars 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-181"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_181-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/Story.asp?Article=211833&Sn=BNEW&IssueID=30364">Gulf Daily News</a> 18. mars 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated5-182"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated5_182-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/517455-bahrain-calling">«Bahrain calling – Banking & Finance»</a>. ArabianBusiness.com. 25. april 2008. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+calling+%93+Banking+%26+Finance&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=ArabianBusiness.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabianbusiness.com%2F517455-bahrain-calling&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://al-shorfa.com/en_GB/articles/meii/features/main/2011/11/03/feature-03">«Bahrain fully stocked for Eid al-Adha: official»</a>. Al Shorfa. 3. november 2011. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+fully+stocked+for+Eid+al-Adha%3A+official&rft.chron=3.+november+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Shorfa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fal-shorfa.com%2Fen_GB%2Farticles%2Fmeii%2Ffeatures%2Fmain%2F2011%2F11%2F03%2Ffeature-03&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated8-184"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated8_184-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411085857/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14541322">«Bahrain profile: Timeline»</a>. BBC News. 2. april 2017. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14541322">originalen</a> 11. april 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+profile%3A+Timeline&rft.chron=2.+april+2017&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-14541322&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Dokoupil, Martin (21. mars 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322044446/http://www.reuters.com//article/2012/03/21/bahrain-gdp-idUSL6E8EL12B20120321">«Bahrain economy slows to 1.3 pct q/q growth in Q4»</a>. Reuters. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/21/bahrain-gdp-idUSL6E8EL12B20120321">originalen</a> 22. mars 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+economy+slows+to+1.3+pct+q%2Fq+growth+in+Q4&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.aulast=Dokoupil&rft.chron=21.+mars+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F03%2F21%2Fbahrain-gdp-idUSL6E8EL12B20120321&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2008a-186"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2008a_186-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/Story.asp?Article=225349&Sn=BNEW&IssueID=31137">«Local News » JOBLESS RATE 3.8PC»</a>. Gulf Daily News. 4. august 2008. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Local+News+%BB+JOBLESS+RATE+3.8PC&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Gulf+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulf-daily-news.com%2FStory.asp%3FArticle%3D225349%26Sn%3DBNEW%26IssueID%3D31137&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2008b-187"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2008b_187-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109105447/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/darticlen.asp?xfile=data%2Fmiddleeast%2F2008%2FAugust%2Fmiddleeast_August80.xml&section=middleeast&col=">«Khaleej Times Online – 85pc unemployed in Bahrain are females»</a>. Khaleejtimes.com. 4. august 2008. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.khaleejtimes.com/darticlen.asp?xfile=data%2Fmiddleeast%2F2008%2FAugust%2Fmiddleeast_August80.xml&section=middleeast&col=">originalen</a> 9. januar 2015. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Khaleej+Times+Online+%93+85pc+unemployed+in+Bahrain+are+females&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Khaleejtimes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.khaleejtimes.com%2Fdarticlen.asp%3Fxfile%3Ddata%252Fmiddleeast%252F2008%252FAugust%252Fmiddleeast_August80.xml%26section%3Dmiddleeast%26col%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/07/06/22/10134049.html">Minister lashes out at parties opposed to unemployment benefit scheme</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071218153535/http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/07/06/22/10134049.html">Arkivert</a> 2007-12-18 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Gulf News, 22. juni 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bahrainguide.org/BG2/popularattractions.html">«Popular Attractions»</a>. Bahrain Guide. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Popular+Attractions&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bahrain+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bahrainguide.org%2FBG2%2Fpopularattractions.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318185513/http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/As/Bahrain/Southern/TreeOfLife.htm">«Tree of Life, Bahrain»</a>. Wondermondo. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/As/Bahrain/Southern/TreeOfLife.htm">originalen</a> 18. mars 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Tree+of+Life%2C+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Wondermondo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wondermondo.com%2FCountries%2FAs%2FBahrain%2FSouthern%2FTreeOfLife.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-MoFA-191"><a href="#cite_ref-MoFA_191-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=134">«Tourism»</a>. Bahraini Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Tourism&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bahraini+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.bh%2FDefault.aspx%3Ftabid%3D134&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Yasser-192">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Yasser_192-0">192,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yasser_192-1">192,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yasser_192-2">192,2</a> <cite class="citation book">Elsheshtawy, Yasser (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=O8Zz-2AtuIwC">The evolving Arab city: tradition, modernity and urban development</a>. Routledge. s. 198. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-134-12821-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-134-12821-1">978-1-134-12821-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Yasser&rft.aulast=Elsheshtawy&rft.btitle=The+evolving+Arab+city%3A+tradition%2C+modernity+and+urban+development&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-134-12821-1&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DO8Zz-2AtuIwC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Al A'Ali, Muhammed (18. mars 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109110009/http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=326003">«Seaview blow for Manama»</a>. Gulf Daily News. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=326003">originalen</a> 9. januar 2015. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Seaview+blow+for+Manama&rft.au=Al+A%27Ali%2C+Muhammed&rft.chron=18.+mars+2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulf-daily-news.com%2FNewsDetails.aspx%3Fstoryid%3D326003&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117001527/http://www.kfca.com.sa/en/pages.aspx?pageid=288">«Passenger Statistics»</a>. King Fahd Causeway Authority. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kfca.com.sa/en/pages.aspx?pageid=288">originalen</a> 17. januar 2013. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Passenger+Statistics&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=King+Fahd+Causeway+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kfca.com.sa%2Fen%2Fpages.aspx%3Fpageid%3D288&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170409102847/http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Bahrain-TRANSPORTATION.html">«Bahrain – Transportation»</a>. Encyclopedia of the Nations. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Bahrain-TRANSPORTATION.html">originalen</a> 9. april 2017. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+%93+Transportation&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+of+the+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsencyclopedia.com%2FAsia-and-Oceania%2FBahrain-TRANSPORTATION.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/bahrain/manama/transport/getting-around">«Getting around Bahrain»</a>. Lonely Planet. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Getting+around+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lonelyplanet.com%2Fbahrain%2Fmanama%2Ftransport%2Fgetting-around&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-RE-197">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RE_197-0">197,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RE_197-1">197,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Group, Oxford Business (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=HHmo2jjjb2AC&pg=PA153">Report: Bahrain 2008</a>. s. 153. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/9781902339979" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/9781902339979">9781902339979</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Oxford+Business&rft.aulast=Group&rft.btitle=Report%3A+Bahrain+2008&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781902339979&rft.pages=153&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DHHmo2jjjb2AC%26pg%3DPA153&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=273916">«VIVA subscribers surge»</a>. Gulf Daily News. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=VIVA+subscribers+surge&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulf-daily-news.com%2FNewsDetails.aspx%3Fstoryid%3D273916&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607230605/http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx?ReportName=%2FWTI%2FInformationTechnologyPublic&ReportFormat=HTML4.0&RP_intYear=2000&RP_intLanguageID=1&RP_bitLiveData=False">«ITU Internet Indicators 2000»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Telecommunications_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Telecommunications Union (sida finst ikkje)">International Telecommunications Union</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx?ReportName=%2FWTI%2FInformationTechnologyPublic&ReportFormat=HTML4.0&RP_intYear=2000&RP_intLanguageID=1&RP_bitLiveData=False">originalen</a> 7. juni 2011. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=ITU+Internet+Indicators+2000&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=International+Telecommunications+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itu.int%2FITU-D%2Ficteye%2FReporting%2FShowReportFrame.aspx%3FReportName%3D%252FWTI%252FInformationTechnologyPublic%26ReportFormat%3DHTML4.0%26RP_intYear%3D2000%26RP_intLanguageID%3D1%26RP_bitLiveData%3DFalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607230854/http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx?ReportName=%2FWTI%2FInformationTechnologyPublic&ReportFormat=HTML4.0&RP_intYear=2008&RP_intLanguageID=1&RP_bitLiveData=False">«ITU Internet Indicators 2008»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Telecommunications_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Telecommunications Union (sida finst ikkje)">International Telecommunications Union</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx?ReportName=%2FWTI%2FInformationTechnologyPublic&ReportFormat=HTML4.0&RP_intYear=2008&RP_intLanguageID=1&RP_bitLiveData=False">originalen</a> 7. juni 2011. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=ITU+Internet+Indicators+2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=International+Telecommunications+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itu.int%2FITU-D%2Ficteye%2FReporting%2FShowReportFrame.aspx%3FReportName%3D%252FWTI%252FInformationTechnologyPublic%26ReportFormat%3DHTML4.0%26RP_intYear%3D2008%26RP_intLanguageID%3D1%26RP_bitLiveData%3DFalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2008c-201"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2008c_201-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/bahrain/bahrain-s-population-crossed-1m-in-december-1.86848">«Bahrain's population crossed 1m in December»</a>. Gulfnews.com. 28. februar 2008. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%27s+population+crossed+1m+in+December&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Gulfnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fnews%2Fgulf%2Fbahrain%2Fbahrain-s-population-crossed-1m-in-december-1.86848&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2008d-202"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2008d_202-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=222148">«290 000 Indians in Bahrain»</a>. Gulf-daily-news.com. 5. juli 2008. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=290+000+Indians+in+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Gulf-daily-news.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulf-daily-news.com%2FNewsDetails.aspx%3Fstoryid%3D222148&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-IndEmb-203"><a href="#cite_ref-IndEmb_203-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120307050746/http://www.indianembassybahrain.com/indian_community.html">«Indian Community»</a>. Indian Embassy. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianembassybahrain.com/indian_community.html">originalen</a> 7. mars 2012. Henta 6. mars 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Indian+Community&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Indian+Embassy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianembassybahrain.com%2Findian_community.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723071612/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-33&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a">«Bahrain: storbyområdes»</a>. World Gazetteer. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-33&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a">originalen</a> 23. juli 2013. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%3A+storbyomr%C3%A5des&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=World+Gazetteer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.world-gazetteer.com%2Fwg.php%3Fx%3D%26men%3Dgcis%26lng%3Den%26des%3Dwg%26geo%3D-33%26srt%3Dnpan%26col%3Dabcdefghinoq%26msz%3D1500%26va%3D%26pt%3Da&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-mig-205"><a href="#cite_ref-mig_205-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019130212/https://theses.ncl.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/10443/730/1/Taqi10.pdf">«Two ethnicities, three generations: Phonological variation and change in Kuwait»</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Newcastle_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newcastle University (sida finst ikkje)">Newcastle University</a>. 2010. s. 11. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theses.ncl.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/10443/730/1/Taqi10.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 19. oktober 2013. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Two+ethnicities%2C+three+generations%3A+Phonological+variation+and+change+in+Kuwait&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newcastle+University&rft.pages=11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheses.ncl.ac.uk%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F10443%2F730%2F1%2FTaqi10.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bJLjAKH7-rIC&pg=PA135&dq">Dialect, Culture, and Society in Aust-Arabia: Glossary</a>. Clive Holes. 2001. Page 135. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/9004107630" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 90-04-10763-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">↑</a> Rentz, «al- Baḥrayn.»: </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">↑</a> Rentz, G. «al- Kawāsim.» Encyclopaedia of islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 7. juni 2016 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_SIM-4036">[5]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daude_eksterne_lenkjer" title="Wikipedia:Daude eksterne lenkjer">daud lenkje</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227153823/http://www.hoteltravel.com/bahrain/manama/bahrains-rainbow-nation.htm">Bahrain's Rainbow Nation in Manama - HotelTravel.com</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoteltravel.com/bahrain/manama/bahrains-rainbow-nation.htm">originalen</a> 27. februar 2014, henta 3. april 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%27s+Rainbow+Nation+in+Manama+-+HotelTravel.com&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoteltravel.com%2Fbahrain%2Fmanama%2Fbahrains-rainbow-nation.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nyp-210"><a href="#cite_ref-nyp_210-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Taheri, Amir (28. mai 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723091016/http://www.nypost.com/p/news/opinion/opedcolumnists/why_bahrain_blew_up_NkYx4h4E1m80WGe2tXfsrI">«Why Bahrain blew up»</a>. New York Post. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypost.com/p/news/opinion/opedcolumnists/why_bahrain_blew_up_NkYx4h4E1m80WGe2tXfsrI">originalen</a> 23. juli 2013. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Why+Bahrain+blew+up&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft.aulast=Taheri&rft.chron=28.+mai+2016&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fp%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Fopedcolumnists%2Fwhy_bahrain_blew_up_NkYx4h4E1m80WGe2tXfsrI&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bw-211"><a href="#cite_ref-bw_211-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Carey, Glen; Hatem, Muhammed (16. februar 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-02-15/bahrain-shiites-may-rally-after-funeral-for-sekund-person-killed-in-unrest.html">«Bahrain Shiites Mai Rally After Funeral for Protester»</a>. Bloomberg. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+Shiites+Mai+Rally+After+Funeral+for+Protester&rft.au=Hatem%2C+Muhammed&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.chron=16.+februar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-02-15%2Fbahrain-shiites-may-rally-after-funeral-for-sekund-person-killed-in-unrest.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-c4-212"><a href="#cite_ref-c4_212-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/news/bahrain-it-may-be-small-but-it-matters">«Bahrain: it may be small, but it matters – Channel 4 News»</a>. Channel4.com. 28. mai 2016. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%3A+it+may+be+small%2C+but+it+matters+%93+Channel+4+News&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Channel4.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fnews%2Fbahrain-it-may-be-small-but-it-matters&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">↑</a> |title= Mapping the Global Muslim Population |href="<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/">http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/</a>" target="_blank">Mapping the Global Muslim Population|date= October 7, 2009| </li> <li id="cite_note-2010Census-214"><a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_214-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722041338/http://www.census2010.gov.bh/results_en.php">«folketeljinga i 2010 Results»</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.census2010.gov.bh/results_en.php">originalen</a> 22. juli 2018. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=folketeljinga+i+2010+Results&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census2010.gov.bh%2Fresults_en.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Yaar-215"><a href="#cite_ref-Yaar_215-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Chana Ya'ar (3. april 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/140873">«King of Bahrain Appoints Jewish Woman to Parliament»</a>. Arutz Sheva. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=King+of+Bahrain+Appoints+Jewish+Woman+to+Parliament&rft.au=Chana+Ya%27ar&rft.chron=3.+april+2017&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2FNews%2FNews.aspx%2F140873&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Habib Toumi (4. april 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulfnews.com/region/Bahrain/10115853.html">«Bahrain defends contacts with US Jewish body»</a>. gulfnews.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.au=Habib+Toumi&rft.btitle=Bahrain+defends+contacts+with+US+Jewish+body&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=gulfnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulfnews.com%2Fregion%2FBahrain%2F10115853.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Kettani, Houssain (June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ijesd.org/papers/28-D437.pdf">«Muslim Population in Asia 1950–2020»</a> (PDF). International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 1 (2): 143–144. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7763%2FIJESD.2010.V1.28">10.7763/IJESD.2010.V1.28</a>. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Muslim+Population+in+Asia+1950%932020&rft.aufirst=Houssain&rft.aulast=Kettani&rft.date=2010-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Development&rft.pages=143-144&rft.volume=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ijesd.org%2Fpapers%2F28-D437.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7763%2FIJESD.2010.V1.28&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BO-218">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BO_218-0">218,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BO_218-1">218,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BO_218-2">218,2</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/49072/Bahrain/256652/Languages">«Bahrain: Languages»</a>. Britannica Online. Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%3A+Languages&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Britannica+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F49072%2FBahrain%2F256652%2FLanguages&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahrain_2012?lang=en">«Bahrain 2002 (rev. 2012)»</a>. Constitute. 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Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Education+in+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education+Bahrain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moe.gov.bh%2Fen%2Feducation%2Fgeneral.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-MoE-223">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MoE_223-0">223,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoE_223-1">223,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoE_223-2">223,2</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moe.gov.bh/en/history/Index.aspx">«History of Education in Bahrain»</a>. Ministry of Education, Bahrain. 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Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Statistics+for+the+academic+year+2011%2F2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Bahrain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moe.gov.bh%2Farchive%2Fstatistics%2F2011%2Fst_class_gov.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000008/http://gis.emro.who.int/HealthSystemObservatory/PDF/Bahrain/Health%20care%20financing%20and%20expenditure.pdf">«Health Care Financing and Expenditure»</a> (PDF). WHO. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gis.emro.who.int/HealthSystemObservatory/PDF/Bahrain/Health%20care%20financing%20and%20expenditure.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 17. januar 2013. 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Henta 3. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=SMC+admissions&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Health%2C+Bahrain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moh.gov.bh%2FPDF%2FSMC%2FSMC_admission.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-UNDP-229"><a href="#cite_ref-UNDP_229-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000029/http://www.undp.org.bh/Files/MDG03/Goal6.pdf">«Combatting HIV/AIDS and other diseases in Bahrain»</a> (PDF). United Nations Development Program. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undp.org.bh/Files/MDG03/Goal6.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 17 January 2013. Henta 26 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Combatting+HIV%2FAIDS+and+other+diseases+in+Bahrain&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.undp.org.bh%2FFiles%2FMDG03%2FGoal6.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/en/globalsummary/countryprofileresult.cfm?C=bhr">«Immunization Profile – Bahrain»</a>. Verdas helseorganisasjon. 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Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain%3A+Middle+East+Lite&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gz2010.cn%2Fphotoset%2F19EG0078%2F1132.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130717085454/http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2013.pdf">«2013 State Sponsored Homophobia Report»</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Lesbian,_Gay,_Bisexual,_Trans_and_Intersex_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (sida finst ikkje)">International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association</a>. s. 20. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2013.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 17. juli 2013. 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(2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=PA253">The Grove Encyclopedia of islamic Art and Architecture, Volume 2</a>. Oxford University Press. s. 253. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-19-530991-X" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-19-530991-X">0-19-530991-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+M.&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.btitle=The+Grove+Encyclopedia+of+islamic+Art+and+Architecture%2C+Volume+2&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-19-530991-X&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dun4WcfEASZwC%26pg%3DPA253&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Fattouh, Mayssa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://universes-in-universe.org/eng/nafas/articles/2009/bahrain_art_scene/">«Bahrain's Art and Culture Scenes»</a>. Nafas. 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Marshall Cavendish Corporation. s. 39. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/9780761475712" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/9780761475712">9780761475712</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.aulast=Aldosari&rft.btitle=Middle+East%2C+Western+Asia%2C+and+Northern+Africa&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780761475712&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish+Corporation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dj894miuOqc4C%26pg%3DPA39&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-EC-242"><a href="#cite_ref-EC_242-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Bahrain.html">«Bahrain – The Arts and the Humanities»</a>. EveryCulture.com. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+%93+The+Arts+and+the+Humanities&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=EveryCulture.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.everyculture.com%2FA-Bo%2FBahrain.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AS-243"><a href="#cite_ref-AS_243-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">al-Jayousi, Muhammed (7. februar 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160601092144/http://al-shorfa.com/en_GB/articles/meii/features/entertainment/2011/02/07/feature-03">«Bahraini poet Ali al-Sharqawi looks to explore 'cosmic spirit' in his works»</a>. Al Shorfa. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://al-shorfa.com/en_GB/articles/meii/features/entertainment/2011/02/07/feature-03">originalen</a> 1. juni 2016. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahraini+poet+Ali+al-Sharqawi+looks+to+explore+%27cosmic+spirit%27+in+his+works&rft.aufirst=Muhammed&rft.aulast=al-Jayousi&rft.chron=7.+februar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Shorfa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fal-shorfa.com%2Fen_GB%2Farticles%2Fmeii%2Ffeatures%2Fentertainment%2F2011%2F02%2F07%2Ffeature-03&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-244"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_244-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Lewis, Paul (18. november 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170624152358/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/18/travel/eden-on-the-isle-of-bahrain.html?pagewanted=all">«Eden on the isle of Bahrain»</a>. New York Times. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/18/travel/eden-on-the-isle-of-bahrain.html?pagewanted=all">originalen</a> 24. juni 2017. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Eden+on+the+isle+of+Bahrain&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.chron=18.+november+1984&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F11%2F18%2Ftravel%2Feden-on-the-isle-of-bahrain.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-LAT-245"><a href="#cite_ref-LAT_245-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Meixler, Louis (20. september 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010135505/http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/20/news/mn-24573">«An Ancient Garden of Eden Is Unearthed in Persiabukta's Bahrain»</a>. Los Angeles Times. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/20/news/mn-24573">originalen</a> 10. oktober 2017. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=An+Ancient+Garden+of+Eden+Is+Unearthed+in+Persiabukta%27s+Bahrain&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.aulast=Meixler&rft.chron=20.+september+1998&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F1998%2Fsep%2F20%2Fnews%2Fmn-24573&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AUC-246">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-AUC_246-0">246,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AUC_246-1">246,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Frishkopf, Michael (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=KANOAYzkhA8C&pg=PA116">Music and Media in the Arab World</a>. American University in Kairo. s. 114–116. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/977-416-293-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/977-416-293-5">977-416-293-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Frishkopf&rft.btitle=Music+and+Media+in+the+Arab+World&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=977-416-293-5&rft.pages=114-116&rft.pub=American+University+in+Kairo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DKANOAYzkhA8C%26pg%3DPA116&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sport-247">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Sport_247-0">247,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sport_247-1">247,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/49072/Bahrain/256665/Housing">«Bahrain – Sports and Recreation»</a>. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+%93+Sports+and+Recreation&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F49072%2FBahrain%2F256665%2FHousing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120717081747/http://www.bahrainfootball.org/index.php">«Bahrain Football Association»</a> (på arabisk). Bahrainfootball.org. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bahrainfootball.org/index.php">originalen</a> 17. juli 2012. Henta 2. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.btitle=Bahrain+Football+Association&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bahrainfootball.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bahrainfootball.org%2Findex.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-autosport89525-249"><a href="#cite_ref-autosport89525_249-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Noble, Jonatha (28. mai 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/89525">«Bahrain GP2 Asia race cancelled»</a>. Autosport. Henta 23. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+GP2+Asia+race+cancelled&rft.au=Noble%2C+Jonatha&rft.chron=28.+mai+2016&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F89525&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Pleitgen, Frederik (18. april 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/18/sport/motorsport/motorsport-bahrain-f1race/index.html?iid=article_sidebar">«Bahrain circuit boss: Race not a big risk»</a>. CNN. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+circuit+boss%3A+Race+not+a+big+risk&rft.aufirst=Frederik&rft.aulast=Pleitgen&rft.chron=18.+april+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F04%2F18%2Fsport%2Fmotorsport%2Fmotorsport-bahrain-f1race%2Findex.html%3Fiid%3Darticle_sidebar&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/04/201242073436819990.html">«Clashes in Bahrain ahead of F1 race»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera (sida finst ikkje)">Al Jazeera</a>. 20. april 2012. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Clashes+in+Bahrain+ahead+of+F1+race&rft.chron=20.+april+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2012%2F04%2F201242073436819990.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederik_Pleitgen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederik Pleitgen (sida finst ikkje)">Pleitgen, Frederik</a> (18. april 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/18/sport/motorsport/motorsport-bahrain-f1race/index.html">«Bahrain circuit boss: Race not a big risk»</a>. CNN. Henta 30. juni 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+circuit+boss%3A+Race+not+a+big+risk&rft.au=Pleitgen%2C+Frederik&rft.chron=18.+april+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F04%2F18%2Fsport%2Fmotorsport%2Fmotorsport-bahrain-f1race%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">News Wires (4. april 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france24.com/en/20120420-bahrain-formula-one-protests-arab-spring">«Bahrain security, protesters clash ahead of Grand Prix»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frankrike_24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frankrike 24 (sida finst ikkje)">Frankrike 24</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agence_Frankrike-Presse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agence Frankrike-Presse (sida finst ikkje)">AFP</a>. Henta 30. juni 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Bahrain+security%2C+protesters+clash+ahead+of+Grand+Prix&rft.au=News+Wires&rft.chron=4.+april+2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frankrike+24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20120420-bahrain-formula-one-protests-arab-spring&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sky.com/home/world-news/article/16212342">«Protests As Anger Over Bahrain F1 Race Grows»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News Online</a>. 20. april 2012. Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Protests+As+Anger+Over+Bahrain+F1+Race+Grows&rft.chron=20.+april+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sky+News+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fhome%2Fworld-news%2Farticle%2F16212342&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Taylor, Jerome; Tremayne, David (4. april 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/rage-against-the-formula-one-machine-7665991.html">«Rage against the Formula One machine»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> (London). Henta 4. april 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ABahrain&rft.atitle=Rage+against+the+Formula+One+machine&rft.au=Tremayne%2C+David&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.chron=4.+april+2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Frage-against-the-formula-one-machine-7665991.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&veaction=edit&section=39" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahrain&action=edit&section=39" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Wikimedia Commons har multimedia som gjeld: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" class="extiw" title="commons:Bahrain">Bahrain</a> </div></div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> Reiseguide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bahrain" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Bahrain">Bahrain</a> frå Wikivoyage</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e.gov.bh">Offisiell nettstad</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Bahrain" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Bahrain">Wikimedia Atlas of Bahrain</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=BH">Key Development Forecasts for Bahrain</a> from <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Futures (sida finst ikkje)">International Futures</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3515230">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Republikken_Kypros" title="Republikken Kypros">Kypros</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nord-Kypros" title="Nord-Kypros">Nord-Kypros</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Det_palestinske_omr%C3%A5det" title="Det palestinske området">Palestina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Fil:Middle_East_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/70px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/105px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/140px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Den_arabiske_ligaen" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Mal:Den arabiske ligaen"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Den_arabiske_ligaen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Den arabiske ligaen (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Den_arabiske_ligaen&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Den_arabiske_ligaen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medlemmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerie" title="Algerie">Algerie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komorane" title="Komorane">Komorane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Det_palestinske_omr%C3%A5det" title="Det palestinske området">Palestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia">Saudi-Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observatørar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspendert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid_(OIC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid" title="Mal:Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid_(OIC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)">Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid</a> (OIC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medlemsland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Algerie" title="Algerie">Algerie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aserbajdsjan" title="Aserbajdsjan">Aserbajdsjan</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tsjad" title="Tsjad">Tsjad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Komorane" title="Komorane">Komorane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elfenbeinskysten" title="Elfenbeinskysten">Elfenbeinskysten</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan">Kasakhstan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kirgisistan" title="Kirgisistan">Kirgisistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maldivane" title="Maldivane">Maldivane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mosambik" title="Mosambik">Mosambik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tadsjikistan" title="Tadsjikistan">Tadsjikistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Usbekistan" title="Usbekistan">Usbekistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspendert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observatørar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;">Land og territorium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia-Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia-Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_sentralafrikanske_republikken" title="Den sentralafrikanske republikken">Den sentralafrikanske republikken</a> · <a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_Cooperation_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic Cooperation Organization (sida finst ikkje)">Economic Cooperation Organization</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_afrikanske_unionen" title="Den afrikanske unionen">Den afrikanske unionen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Organisasjonen_av_alliansefrie_nasjonar" title="Organisasjonen av alliansefrie nasjonar">Organisasjonen av alliansefrie nasjonar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_nasjonane" title="Dei sameinte nasjonane">Dei sameinte nasjonane</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> · 1 Som «Den tyrkisk-kypriotiske staten».</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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