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Kohn - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Dictionary_of_Wars.html?id=OIzreCGlHxIC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Dictionary_of_Wars.html?id=OIzreCGlHxIC"/><meta name="title" content="Dictionary of Wars"/><meta name="description" content="Dictionary of Wars, Third Edition contains detailed summaries of all notable wars from throughout history, spanning more than 4,000 years. Completely updated and expanded, this volume is an authoritative source on the global conflicts, civil wars, mutinies, punitive expeditions, undeclared wars, rebellions, and revolutions that have occurred throughout the world. This edition contains new and updated entries, new illustrations, and new front and back matter. Facts are presented in a lively and engaging manner, and the scope of the book is truly impressive. Approximately 1,850 entries are extensively cross-referenced to help readers find the information they want. This book deals exclusively and concisely with military information, often specifying political, social, economic, and cultural influences on military operations. New coverage includes: Battle of Granicus; Chechen Civil War of 1999-2002; Cote d'Ivoire Civil War of 2002; Fijian Rebellion of 2000; Guinea-Bissauan Civil War of 1998-99; Haitian Uprising of 2000; Indonesian War in Aceh; Macedonian Civil War of 2001; Nepalese Insurgency of 1996; Nigerian Uprisings of 1999; Palestinian Uprising of 2000; Solomon Islands Insurrection of 1999-2003; U.S. invasion of Afghanistan; U.S. invasion of Iraq; and Uzbekistan Uprising of 2005."/><meta property="og:title" content="Dictionary of Wars"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=OIzreCGlHxIC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70-lmK3sui2keo--rRWVzY_-qnxUyeZbJle0JuuvpS3X_MuPx6qVC7PlQmZO0jkwrB9TDCdyoDfwPllTRptwxrTDxNQ5d2Jn8RKFw3Tcyv0rUTx-C5-sF8X7AlgWJVaBp_fqMkJ"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=OIzreCGlHxIC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70-lmK3sui2keo--rRWVzY_-qnxUyeZbJle0JuuvpS3X_MuPx6qVC7PlQmZO0jkwrB9TDCdyoDfwPllTRptwxrTDxNQ5d2Jn8RKFw3Tcyv0rUTx-C5-sF8X7AlgWJVaBp_fqMkJ"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DOIzreCGlHxIC%26q%3DByzantine%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC&q=Byzantine&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. 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Kohn","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9781438129167","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-infobase_publishing\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9781438129167\u0026usg=AOvVaw2j87iLvkT43DGKVMjMX0F-"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9781438129167","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-infobase_publishing\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9781438129167\u0026usg=AOvVaw1HSMhwqi4T1ifB_RjPp69n"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9781438129167","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-infobase_publishing\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9781438129167\u0026usg=AOvVaw1UwHC6s7M6IPBXM4HmB9_7"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Preface to the Third Edition","Pid":"PT7","PgNum":"","Order":7},{"Title":"Preface to the First Edition","Pid":"PT9","PgNum":"","Order":9},{"Title":"Entries AZ","Pid":"PT11","PgNum":"","Order":11},{"Title":"Geographical Index","Pid":"PT635","PgNum":"","Order":635},{"Title":"Index","Pid":"PT673","PgNum":"","Order":673}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PT5","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1605,"num_toc_pages":1,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"OIzreCGlHxIC","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT90\u0026q=http://www.infobasepublishing.com/\u0026clientid=ca-print-infobase_publishing\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw33xQJhMOuviwrYs7fU8S7f\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eInfobase Publishing\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":false,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":false,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Infobase Publishing","publication_date":"2006","subject":"History","num_pages":692,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"Dictionary of Wars, Third Edition contains detailed summaries of all notable wars from throughout history, spanning more than 4,000 years. Completely updated and expanded, this volume is an authoritative source on the global conflicts, civil wars, mutinies, punitive expeditions, undeclared wars, rebellions, and revolutions that have occurred throughout the world. This edition contains new and updated entries, new illustrations, and new front and back matter. Facts are presented in a lively and engaging manner, and the scope of the book is truly impressive. Approximately 1,850 entries are extensively cross-referenced to help readers find the information they want. This book deals exclusively and concisely with military information, often specifying political, social, economic, and cultural influences on military operations. New coverage includes: Battle of Granicus; Chechen Civil War of 1999-2002; Cote d'Ivoire Civil War of 2002; Fijian Rebellion of 2000; Guinea-Bissauan Civil War of 1998-99; Haitian Uprising of 2000; Indonesian War in Aceh; Macedonian Civil War of 2001; Nepalese Insurgency of 1996; Nigerian Uprisings of 1999; Palestinian Uprising of 2000; Solomon Islands Insurrection of 1999-2003; U.S. invasion of Afghanistan; U.S. invasion of Iraq; and Uzbekistan Uprising of 2005.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PT704","order":704}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DOIzreCGlHxIC%26q%3DByzantine%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PT90","highlights":[{"X":195,"Y":101,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":258,"Y":140,"W":17,"H":10},{"X":164,"Y":179,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":132,"Y":218,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":105,"Y":255,"W":51,"H":12},{"X":52,"Y":387,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":106,"Y":489,"W":51,"H":12},{"X":122,"Y":556,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":72,"Y":581,"W":48,"H":10},{"X":187,"Y":594,"W":48,"H":10},{"X":350,"Y":125,"W":50,"H":12},{"X":371,"Y":218,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":442,"Y":244,"W":47,"H":10},{"X":492,"Y":387,"W":28,"H":10},{"X":347,"Y":450,"W":47,"H":12},{"X":378,"Y":465,"W":48,"H":10},{"X":384,"Y":543,"W":48,"H":10},{"X":316,"Y":646,"W":47,"H":10}],"flags":8,"order":90,"vq":"Byzantine"}]},null,{"number_of_results":68,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PT28","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e general, refused to recognize Theodosius and supported a plot to reinstall Anastasius, who had fled and become a monk in Thessalonica. Muslims, meanwhile, had invaded the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire (see \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WAR OF 698\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT40","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. Wars. See \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WARS. Arab. Conquests. See \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WARS; MUSLIM CONQUESTS. Arab-Israeli. War. of. 1948–49. The creation of the Jewish state of Israel in 1948 was opposed by the Arab states, which considered\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT50","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e army under Emperor Isaac II Angelus (d. 1204) crushed the Bulgarians in 1186. The Asen brothers regrouped ... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e in Thrace and Macedonia. After the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e were defeated at the Battle of Berrhoe in 1189, Isaac\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT78","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e forces, sent by Emperor Alexius I Comnenus (1048–1118), were defeated at what is now Silistra, Bulgaria ... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e, who defeated them at the Battle of Leburnion, drove them north across the Danube River, and virtually\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT89","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. War. of. 755–772. C.E. Warfare broke out when the Bulgars, a Turkish-speaking people, demanded a tribute from \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e fortresses built in Thrace, a Bulgarian holding. Forces of Constantine V (718–775), emperor of the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT90","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e, though struggling under a rapid succession of rulers and confronting Charlemagne (742?–814) in the Frank\u0026#39;s war against the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire in 803–810. Michael I, who ruled the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e from 811 to 813, lost to the Bulgars\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT91","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e rule, hoping to reassert Bulgarian independence (see BULGARIAN-\u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e WAR OF 981–1018 C.E.). Deljan was proclaimed czar in Belgrade in 1040, and soon Prince Alusia- nus, a member of the ruling family, joined him as coruler\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT101","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Avarian. War. of. 595–602. C.E. The Avars, a Mongolian people who settled near the Volga River, invaded the Balkan peninsula held by the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire, causing \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Maurice (c. 539–602) to launch a campaign against\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT102","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e naval strength, retreated from the field, giving victory to the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e in one of history\u0026#39;s greatest defenses. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Bulgarian. Wars. See BULGARIAN- \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e WARS. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. Civil. War. of. 1094. Scythians, Seljuk Turks,\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT103","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e court of John V in Constantinople (Istanbul). Many \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e opposed John VI\u0026#39;s takeover; an independent ... \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e CIVIL WAR OF 1352–55). See also \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e–OTTOMAN TURK WAR OF 1359–99. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. Civil. War. of. 1352–55."},{"page_id":"PT104","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Muslim. War. of. 698–718. C.E. After the Muslims halted their invasion of the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire (see \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WAR OF 668–679 C.E.), both they and the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e engaged in constant minor warfare, making raids on\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT105","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e city destroyed by the Arabs about 600, and established a fort at Hadath in preparation for an invasion of the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire. In 797, al-Rashid\u0026#39;s forces advanced to the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e cities of Ephesus and Ancyra (Ankara). \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT106","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Muslim. War. of. 871–885. C.E. Taking advantage of turmoil within the caliphate (see MUSLIM CIVIL WAR OF 861–870 C.E.), \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Basil I (813?–886) decided to extend his eastern frontier. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e forces marched to the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT107","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e territories of Thrace and Macedonia. After the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Civil War of 1321–28, the empire under Andronicus III Paleologus (1296–1341) fell into dire financial and military straits and was unable to defeat the Turkish invaders\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT108","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. Revolts. of. 976–989. C.E. The authority of \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Basil II (958?– 1025) was challenged by a powerful general, Bardas Sclerus, who was the brother-in-law of former emperor John Tzimisces (925–976). Proclaimed emperor\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT109","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e army of Emperor Alexius I Comnenus (1048–1118) continued to wage war and routed the Turks at the Battle of Philomelion (Akshehr) in 1116. By 1117, the Turks had accepted a truce, with the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e reclaiming all the coastal\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT117","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Andronicus II Palaeologus (1260–1332), who had reduced the empire\u0026#39;s armed forces as an economy measure, hired the Catalan Company, about 6,500 Spanish mercenaries led by Roger de Flor (d. 1305), to fight invading\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT125","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire (see FRANKISH- \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e WAR OF 803–810 C.E.). Charlemagne\u0026#39;s forces finally defeated the Saxons in 804, subdued the unruly Bohemians in 805 and Slavic Wends in 806, and fought wars in 808–810 with the Danes and other\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT148","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire and reduced it to Constantinople (Istanbul) and the surrounding area. On April 6, 1453, an 80,000- man Turkish army, led by Sultan Muhammad II (1429–81), called “the Conqueror,” began a siege of Constantinople, defended\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT157","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Alexius I (1048–1118) looked westward for help. At the Council of Clermont, Pope Urban II (c. 1042–99) exhorted Christians to recover the Holy Lands, promising plenary indulgences. In numbers exceeding all expectations\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT158","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e–SELJUK TURK WARS; CRUSADER-TURKISH WARS; LATIN EMPIRE–\u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e EMPIRE WARS. Crusader-Turkish. Wars. of. 1100–46. In 1100, after the First CRUSADE, the Seljuk Turks ambushed and seized Bohemond I (c. 1056–1111), crusader prince of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT159","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e– SELJUK TURK WARS; SALADIN\u0026#39;S HOLY WAR. Crusader-Turkish. Wars. of. 1272–91. Both Muslim Turks and pagan Mongols, while fighting one another, attacked the Christian crusader states in the Holy Land, Palestine, and Syria, taking\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT204","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e. Warof. 803–810. C.E. The Franks under their king, Charlemagne (742– 814), waged war against the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e ... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Nicephorus I (d. 811) became occupied in battle with the Bulgars (see BULGARIAN- \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e WAR\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT222","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Syria and Ghassan were unsuccessful in mid-century. In 583, orthodox \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e leaders, angry at Ghassanid Monophysitic heresy (believing Christ\u0026#39;s human and divine natures as one rather than two), made Ghassan a vassal state\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT223","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e- MUSLIM WARS; MUSLIM CONQUEST OF PERSIA. of France, with whom he made an alliance. However, Glendower\u0026#39;s forces lost from 1405 through 1409 because the French failed to appear. Aberystwyth and Harlech were retaken by the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT224","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e) empires, Emperor Justinian I (483–565), who resided at Constantinople (Istanbul), directed his most capable general, Belisarius (505?–565), to head a campaign against the Goths in Italy. After invading and seizing Sicily, the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT225","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e general, and a well-equipped naval fleet and army to the Adriatic. Crossing the Apennine Mountains and advancing on Rome, some 20,000 troops under Narses decisively routed about 15,000 Goths under Totila at the Battle of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT252","snippet_text":"... . 1172) moved along the Dalmatian coast, capturing towns and cities held by the Venetians, who were waging war then against the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire (see VENETIANBYZANTINE WAR OF 1170–77). In response, Venice sent forces with Norman."},{"page_id":"PT253","snippet_text":"George C. Kohn. \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e WAR OF 1170–77). In response, Venice sent forces with Norman assistance that recaptured the Dalmatian seaports of Zara (Zadar) and Ragusa (Dubrovnik) in 1171. Two years later \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Manuel I Comnenus\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT256","snippet_text":"... this period are scant, but they contain no mention of the Hyksos after 1567, and, as an ethnic group, they seem to have disappeared from history. Iconoclastic War, First (726–731 C.E.) \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Leo III (680?–741)"},{"page_id":"PT259","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e authority, Leo placed Calabria, Sicily, and Illyria (all under the pope\u0026#39;s jurisdiction) under control of the Constantinople patriarch. Second Iconoclastic War (741–743 C.E.). Leo\u0026#39;s successor, Emperor Constantine V (718–775)\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT271","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e) Empire, was a native of Isauria, a mountainous region in what is now south-central Turkey; he appointed many of his clansmen to positions of importance and power in the empire. Upon Zeno\u0026#39;s death, the new emperor Anastasius I\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT291","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperors in the East before him, Justinian I (483–565) was plagued on his eastern frontiers by invading Persians. About 524, the Persians began intrusions into Mesopotamia, and Justinian was compelled to send troops to repulse\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT301","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e support (see \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WAR OF 830–841 C.E.). When Abu Ishak."},{"page_id":"PT302","snippet_text":"George C. Kohn. support (see \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e-MUSLIM WAR OF 830–841 C.E.). When Abu Ishak al-Mu\u0026#39;tasim (d. 842) became caliph, he was determined to crush the Khurramites and the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e. Muslim forces of the caliphate, led by al-Afshin (fl\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT311","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire and the center of Greek orthodoxy. The Latin Empire consisted only of Constantinople after 1222, when Nicaea wrested Seleucia from the Latins. Second Latin Empire– \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire War (1224–37). Nicaea under John III\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT331","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e general who helped suppress the BULGARIAN REVOLT OF 1040–41, was afterward imprisoned on a charge of treason. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Michael V Calaphates (d. after 1042) released him and gave him the rule of the Italian provinces\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT366","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e–SELJUK TURK WAR OF 1064–81; \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e–SELJUK TURK WAR OF 1110–17. Muslim. Conquest. of. Persia. (634–651. C.E.) Sweeping out of Arabia, Muslim warriors and marauders, followers of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632), attacked\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT381","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e) emperor, attempted to stop the corruption and despotic behavior of many of his imperial administrators, but his efforts were only partially successful. In 532, some of the populace of Constantinople (Istanbul), capital city\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT409","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire. Persecuted as heretics by the \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e, the Paulicians, nonetheless, survived and spread their teachings; they."},{"page_id":"PT410","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e (see \u003cb\u003eBYZANTINE\u003c/b\u003e- MUSLIM WAR OF 851–863 C.E.). In 867, \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor Basil I (813?–886) began a military campaign to end the power of the Paulician state, and by 872, \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e troops had overrun Teph- rike, killed the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT583","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e army led by General Belisarius (505?–565) caused the Vandals to lose Carthage in 533 (see VANDAL- ROMAN WAR IN NORTH AFRICA). The Vandals soon disappeared from history. See also VISIGOTHIC RAIDS ON THE ROMAN EMPIRE, LATER\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT601","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e, many of the Rus became members of the \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor\u0026#39;s Varangian guard. Viking. Raids. in. the. North. Sea. (c. 800–994. C.E.) Norwegian Vikings probably raided the Scots islands—the Shetlands and Hebrides— around 800, or\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT603","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantines\u003c/b\u003e for probably economic and political advantages and received \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e baptism to become the first Christian ruler of Russia (988?). Wagon Box Fight (1867) A detail of men from Fort."},{"page_id":"PT637","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e, and Ottoman Empires Hurrian Conquests (c. 1700-c. 1500 b.ce.) Hittite Conquest of Anatolia (c. 1700-c. 1325 b.ce.) Hittite-Hurrian Wars (c. 1620-c. 1325 b.ce.) Assyrian-Hurrian Wars (c. 1350-1245 b.ce.) Assyrian Wars of c\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT639","snippet_text":"... War of Independence (1820-25) Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation, War of the (1836-39) Peruvian-Bolivian War of 1841 Pacific, War of the (1879-84) Geographical Index \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Muslim War of 668-679 c.e. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Muslim War of."},{"page_id":"PT640","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire—see also Roman Empire Isaurian War (492–498 C.E.) Roman-Persian War of 502–506 C.E . Justinian\u0026#39;s ... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Avarian War of 595–602 C.E. Phocas\u0026#39; Mutiny (602 C.E.) \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Persian War of 603–628 C.E. \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT659","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Ottoman Turk War of 1329-38 \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e-Ottoman Turk War of 1359-99 Tamerlane, Conquests of (1360-1405) Nicopolis, Crusade of (1396) Turkoman -Ottoman Wars of 1400-73 Angora, Battle of (1402) Ottoman Civil War of 1403-13\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT674","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 66, 90, 96–97, 145, 370 Alexius II Comnenus 499 Alexius III (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 145 Alexius III Angelus (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 97 Alexius IV (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 145 Alfarrobeira, Battle of 421 Alfonsín, Raúl 33 Alfonso I\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT674\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT675","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 448 Arce, Manuel José 107–108 Archibald “Red” Douglas 22 Archidamus 328 ArchidamusII 31–32 Ardashir I (Ataxerzes) 451 Ardennes 79 Ardoin (Arduin) 32 Aresh, el-, Convention of 197 Argenta, Italy 184 Argentina 5\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT675\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT676","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 94, 398 Basil II (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 78, 94, 96 Basil II (grand prince of Moscow) 458 Basil III (grand duke of Moscow) 464, 465 Basil IV Shuiski 465, 550 Basiliscus 455 Basques 102, 114 Basra, Iraq 255, 256, 286, 620\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT676\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT677","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire 16, 66, 77–79, 105, 113, 136, 145, 192, 210–211, 240–241, 259, 299, 369–370, 397– 398, 571 Byzantium 400, 414, 444, 499–500, 572–573, 590, 591. C. Caboche, Simon 99 Cabochien Revolt 8 Cabochiens 36 Cabral, Amilcar 219–220\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT677\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT679","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 91 Constantine (brother of Czar Alexander I of Russia) 158 Constantine, Grand Duke 417–418 Constantine I the Great 212, 445, 446 Constantine II 446 Constantine V (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 77, 92, 247 Constantine VI (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT679\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT680","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 95 Dávila, Miguel R. 233, 234 Davis, Jefferson 128 Dayton Peace Accords 71, 144, 292–293 Déby, Idriss 109–110 Decatur, Stephen 12, 554 Diem, NgoDinh 582 Dienbienphu, Battle of 196 Dili 251 Dimitri Shemiaka (prince of\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT680\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT684","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 91, 96 Hobson, William 594 Hoc, Nguyen Thai 583 Ho Chi Minh 196, 583 Hofer, Andreas 563 Ho Han Thuong 581 Hohenlinden, Battle of 197–198 Holbrooke, Richard C. A. 135, 293 Holocaust 51, 604 Holstein 154–157, 284 Holy\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT684\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT685","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e regent) 92 Irish Rebellion, Great (1641- 49) 175, 258 Irish Republican Army (IRA) 20-21, 171 Irminsul, column of 114 Iroquois Confederation 116, 290 Iroquois tribes 333 Isa (d. 1405) 384 Isaac II (Byantine emperor) 145 Isaac\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT685\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT686","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 91, 95 John VI (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 91 John VI (king of Portugal) 74, 382, 422, 521 John VI Cantacuzene (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 91 John VIII Palaeologus (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 95 John XXII (pope) 209 John Asen I 38\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT686\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT688","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 92, 136, 247 Leo IV (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 92 Leo IV (pope) 456 Leo V (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 78 Leodegar (Leger) 192 León 104, 515 Leonidas, King 215, 407 Leontine (Letini) 551 Leopold (1586–1633) 278 Leopold (duke of\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT688\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT689","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 145 Manuel I Comnenus (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 97, 240–241, 499, 573 Manuel de Céspedes, Carlos 541 Manuel de Rosas, Juan 347 Maoism 362–363 Maori 59, 540–541, 594 Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong) 122–123, 306 Marathas 6, 41, 61\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT689\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT690","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 78 Michael III (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 93–94 Michael V Calaphates (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 319 Michael VII Parapinates (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 299 Michael VIII Palaeologus (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 78, 90 Michael Romanov (czar of Russia)\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT690\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT692","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 77–78, 93, 192 Nicephorus II (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 94 Nicholas (German peasant boy) 118 Nicholas I (czar of Russia) 143, 158, 417, 459 Nicholas II (czar of Russia) 69, 184, 459, 461, 463 Nicholas V (antipope) 209\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT692\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT694","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 89, 96 Phocis 399, 475 Phoenicia 10, 486 Phouma, Souvanna 298 Phraates 535 Phra Chao Prasatthong 497 Phra Chao Thai Sa 497 Phrae 546 Phra Naret (Naresuan) 494, 495 Phra Yot (king of Chieng- mai) 546 Phrohm (prince of\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT694\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT696","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Empire Achaean War 2 Aurelian\u0026#39;s War against Tetricus 41 Aurelian\u0026#39;s War against Zenobia 42 Bar Cocheba\u0026#39;s Revolt 56 Boudicca\u0026#39;s Rebellion 72 Caesar\u0026#39;s War in Pontus 99–100 Carthaginian Civil War 103 Gallic Wars 203–204 Gothic\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT696\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT697","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 94 Romanus IV Diogenes (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 96 Rome. See also Roman Empire Charlemagne\u0026#39;s Defeat of Desiderius 113 War of the Second Coalition 129 Eight Saints, War of the 173 Etruscan-Roman Wars, Early 180 Etruscan\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT697\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT698","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Wars 96–97 Seljuk Turks 90, 145, 146– 147, 299 Semendria (Smederevo) 239, 240 Semendria (Smederevo), Battle (1441) 239 Sempach 552 Senapati Sankara 288 Sencharao 543 Sendero Luminoso (“Shining Path”) 362, 409–410 Seneca\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT698\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT700","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e emperor) 93 Theopompus (king of Sparta) 327 Thermopylae 215, 242, 407, 475, 535 Thesiger, Frederic A. (Baron Chelmsford) 621 Thessalonica 90, 91, 575 Thessaly 78, 215 Thibaut IV of Navarre and Champagne 146 Tombs, Sir Henry 62\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT700\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT701","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Tran dynasty 581 \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Civil War (1438–39) 415 emperor) 94, 96 Tran Hung Dao 583 (1094) 90 Polish Civil War (1768– Tz\u0026#39;u Hsi (Cixi) (empress Tran Nghe Tong 581 \u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e Civil War 73) 416 dowager of China) 72 Transjordan 28\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC\u0026pg=PT701\u0026vq=Byzantine"},{"page_id":"PT704","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eByzantine\u003c/b\u003e empress) 78, 94 Zog 1 (king of Albania) 9 Zolikiewski, Stanislas 419, 465 Zorawno, Battle of 420 Zorawno, Treaty of 420 Zorndorf, Battle of 490 Zoroastrianism 453 Zrinyi, Miklos 47 Zsitva-Torok, Treaty of 48, 560 Zula\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"Byzantine"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>