CINXE.COM

బల్గేరియా - వికీపీడియా

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="te" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>బల్గేరియా - వికీపీడియా</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )tewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","జనవరి","ఫిబ్రవరి","మార్చి","ఏప్రిల్","మే","జూన్","జూలై","ఆగస్టు","సెప్టెంబరు","అక్టోబరు","నవంబరు","డిసెంబరు"],"wgRequestId":"68e36087-cada-419a-a60a-c4585280a547","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"బల్గేరియా","wgTitle":"బల్గేరియా","wgCurRevisionId" :4334726,"wgRevisionId":4334726,"wgArticleId":92576,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the JsonConfig extension","CS1: long volume value","Harv and Sfn no-target errors","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with invalid date parameter in template","మూలాల లోపాలున్న పేజీలు","CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 maint: unrecognized language","Articles containing Bulgarian-language text","మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు","మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు from October 2011","ఐరోపా","యూరప్ దేశాలు","బల్గేరియా"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"te","wgPageContentLanguage":"te","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"బల్గేరియా", "wgRelevantArticleId":92576,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"te","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"te"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":true,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":false,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q219","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true ,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.6"};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","codex-search-styles":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert", "ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.compactlinks","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=te&amp;modules=codex-search-styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=te&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=te&amp;modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=te&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/1200px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="720"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/800px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/640px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="384"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="బల్గేరియా - వికీపీడియా"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//te.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="వికీపీడియా (te)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//te.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.te"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="వికీపీడియా ఆటమ్ ఫీడు" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-బల్గేరియా rootpage-బల్గేరియా skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eఈ నోటీసును తొలగించు\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"te\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"wikitable\"\u003E\n\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr style=\"align:center; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f1ff81; text-align: center;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cbig\u003Eవికీ పాఠకులే వికీ రచయితలు!\n\u003C/big\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\n\u003Ctr style=\"align:center; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #fff1ff; text-align: left;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003Eవికీలో వ్యాసాలు రాస్తున్నది ఎక్స్పర్టులూ, సబ్జెక్టు నిపుణులూ కాదు. ఇక్కడ సాధారణ పాఠకులే వ్యాసాలు రాస్తారు. అందరూ కలిసి పరస్పర సహకారంతో, సమన్వయంతో పనిచేస్తూ వ్యాసాలను రాస్తారు. వివిధ వనరుల్లోంచి సమాచారాన్ని సేకరించి, ఆ మూలాలను ఉదహరిస్తూ ఆ సమాచారాన్ని వికీలో చేరుస్తారు. మరింత సమాచారం కోసం \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:పరిచయము\"\u003Eవికీపీడియా:పరిచయము\u003C/a\u003E చూడండి. ఈ పనిలో మీరూ భాగం పంచుకోవచ్చు. వికీలో \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%3F\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:అకౌంటు ఎందుకు సృష్టించుకోవాలి?\"\u003Eఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి\u003C/a\u003E. మీకు ఆసక్తి ఉన్న విషయం గురించిన సమాచారాన్ని రాసి, వికీ అభివృద్ధిలో మీరూ తోడ్పడండి. ఈ విషయంలో సందేహమేమైనా ఉంటే \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:సహాయ కేంద్రం\"\u003Eవికీపీడియా సహాయకేంద్రంలో\u003C/a\u003E అడగండి.\n\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">బల్గేరియా</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">వికీపీడియా నుండి</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="te" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:46ex; margin-top:0.75em;"><tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" align="center" class="mergedtoprow adr" style="line-height:1.2em; padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em; font-size:1.25em;"><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Република България</span></span><div class="fn org country-name" style="padding-top:0.25em;">గణతంత్ర బల్గేరియా</div></th> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" colspan="3" align="center" style="padding:0.5em 0;"><table align="center" style="width:100%; background:none;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:58%; vertical-align:middle;"><span style="display:inline;"><span style="display:table-cell; border:1px solid #ddd;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of బల్గేరియా"><img alt="Flag of బల్గేరియా" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/125px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/188px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/250px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></td> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="బల్గేరియా యొక్క చిహ్నం"><img alt="బల్గేరియా యొక్క చిహ్నం" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td align="center"><small></small></td> <td align="center"><small></small></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="line-height:1.2em; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%82" title="నినాదం">నినాదం</a></b><br /><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Съединението прави силата</span></span><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span><small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian</a>)</small><br />"<span title="Bulgarian-language romanization"><i lang="bg-Latn"><i>Saedinenieto pravi silata</i></i></span>"<span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span><small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Transliteration&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transliteration (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">transliteration</a>)<br />"Unity makes strength"<sup><small>1</small></sup></small></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="line-height:1.2em; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="జాతీయగీతం">జాతీయగీతం</a></b><br /><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mila_Rodino&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mila Rodino (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Мила Родино</a></span></span><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span><small>(Bulgarian)</small><br /><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><i lang="bg-Latn">Mila Rodino</i></span><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span><small>(transliteration)<br /><i>Dear Motherland</i></small><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="121" data-mwtitle="Mila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/Mila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg/Mila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Mila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs=&quot;vorbis&quot;" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=bg&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bg" label="български ‪(bg)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=en&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=es&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mk" label="македонски ‪(mk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=pt-br&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt-BR" label="português do Brasil ‪(pt-br)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=pt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AMila_Rodino_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=vi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span><br /></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; padding:0.6em 0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png" class="mw-file-description" title="బల్గేరియా యొక్క స్థానం"><img alt="బల్గేరియా యొక్క స్థానం" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png/250px-Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png/375px-Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png/500px-Location_Bulgaria_EU_Europe.png 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="1710" /></a><figcaption>బల్గేరియా యొక్క స్థానం</figcaption></figure> <div style="position:relative; top:0.3em;"><small>Location of Bulgaria (dark green) within Europe and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union">EU</a></small></div> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF" title="రాజధాని">రాజధాని</a></b><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="బల్గేరియా జనాభా (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">అతి పెద్ద నగరం</a> </td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sofia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sofia (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Sofia</a><br /><small><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3926454">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;params=42_41_N_23_19_E_type:country({{{area}}})"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°41′N</span> <span class="longitude">23°19′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.683°N 23.317°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">42.683; 23.317</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></small> </td></tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="అధికార భాష">అధికార భాషలు</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian</a></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="జాతులు">జాతులు</a></b>&#160;</td> <td>84% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarians&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarians (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarians</a>, 9% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_people&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkish people (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Turkish</a>, 5% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romani_people&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Romani people (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Roma</a>, 2% other groups<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ప్రజానామము (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">ప్రజానామము</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarians&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarians (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="ప్రభుత్వం">ప్రభుత్వం</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliamentary_republic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Parliamentary republic (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Parliamentary republic</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="President of Bulgaria (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">President</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgi_Parvanov&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgi Parvanov (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Georgi Parvanov</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Prime Minister</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boyko_Borisov&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Boyko Borisov (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Boyko Borisov</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chairman_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairman of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Chairman of the National Assembly</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsetska_Tsacheva&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsetska Tsacheva (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Tsetska Tsacheva</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Formation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Formation (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Formation</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Medieval kingdom</td> <td>681<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Last previously independent state<sup>2</sup></td> <td><br />1422&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Re-establishment<br />(under nominal Ottoman suzerainty)</td> <td><br />1878&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Unification with Eastern Rumelia</td> <td>1885&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Full sovereignty</td> <td>1908&#160;</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlargement_of_the_European_Union&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Enlargement of the European Union (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Accession to<br />the</a>&#160;<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union">European Union</a></span></th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">1 January 2007</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="జలాలు">జలాలు</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="శాతం">%</a>)</td> <td>0.3</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE" title="జనాభా">జనాభా</a></th> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">2008&#160;అంచనా</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7,640,238&#160;(<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">94th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">2001&#160;జన గణన</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7,932,984&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross domestic product">జీడీపీ</a></b>&#160;(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Purchasing_power_parity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Purchasing power parity (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">PPP</a>)</td> <td>2008&#160;అంచనా</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">మొత్తం</td> <td>$93.8 billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">63rd</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">తలసరి</td> <td>$12,370<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">65th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross domestic product">జీడీపీ</a></b> (nominal)</td> <td>2008&#160;అంచనా</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">మొత్తం</td> <td>$52.0 billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">75th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">తలసరి</td> <td>$6,850<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">88th</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95" title="జినీ సూచిక">జినీ</a></b><sup style="cursor:help"><span title="జినీ సూచిక 0 ఉంటే, సంపూర్ణ ఆర్థిక సమానత్వం ఉన్నట్లు, అది 100 ఉంటే సంపూర్ణ అసమానత్వం ఉన్నట్లు" class="rt-commentedText" style="border-bottom:1px dotted">?</span></sup>&#160;(2003)</td> <td>29.2&#160;(<span style="color:#090;">low</span>)&#160;</td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95" title="మానవాభివృద్ధి సూచిక">మా.సూ (హెచ్.డి.ఐ)</a></b>&#160;(2006)</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.834&#160;(<span style="color:#090;">high</span>)&#160;(<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE_-_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B" title="దేశాల జాబితా - మానవాభివృద్ధి సూచిక క్రమంలో">56వది</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="కరెన్సీ">కరెన్సీ</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_lev&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian lev (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Lev</a><sup>3</sup> (<code><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_4217&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 4217 (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">BGN</a></code>) </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="కాలాంశం">కాలాంశం</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_European_Time&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern European Time (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">EET</a> <span class="nowrap">(<a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+2)</span></td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">వేసవి&#160;(DST)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_European_Summer_Time&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern European Summer Time (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">EEST</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Country code top-level domain">ఇంటర్నెట్ డొమైన్ కోడ్</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=.bg&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title=".bg (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">.bg</a><sup>4</sup></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/List_of_country_calling_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of country calling codes">కాలింగ్ కోడ్</a></th> <td>+359</td> </tr><tr style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>1</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4342780">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090208102912/http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&amp;p=0159&amp;n=000006&amp;g=">"Bulgaria's National Flag"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of Bulgaria (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian Government</a>. 3 October 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&amp;p=0159&amp;n=000006&amp;g=">the original</a> on 8 ఫిబ్రవరి 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+National+Flag&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Government&amp;rft.date=2005-10-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.government.bg%2Fcgi-bin%2Fe-cms%2Fvis%2Fvis.pl%3Fs%3D001%26p%3D0159%26n%3D000006%26g%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow" style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>2</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidin (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Vidin Tsardom</a>.</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow" style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>3</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;">plural <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_lev&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian lev (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Leva</a></i>.</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow" style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>4</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;">Bulgarians, in common with citizens of other <a href="/wiki/European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union">European Union</a> member-states, also use the <a href="/w/index.php?title=.eu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title=".eu (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">.eu</a> domain.</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow" style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>5</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;">Cell phone system GSM and NMT 450i</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow" style="font-size:80%;"> <td align="right"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><sup>6</sup></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0em;">Domestic power supply <span class="nowrap">220 V</span>/<span class="nowrap">50 Hz</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schuko&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Schuko (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Schuko (CEE 7/4) sockets</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><b>బల్గేరియా</b> ( <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian</a>&#58; <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">България</span></span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliteration">translit.</abbr>&#160;</span><i><span title="Bulgarian-language romanization"><i lang="bg-Latn">Bǎlgariya</i></span></i>) అధికారిక నామం “బల్గేరియా గణతంత్రం".ఇది ఆగ్నేయ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="ఐరోపా">ఐరోపా</a> ఖండంలోని ఒక బాల్కన్ దేశం. ఈ దేశానికి ఉత్తరాన <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="రొమేనియా">రొమేనియా</a>, పశ్చిమాన<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సెర్బియా">సెర్బియా</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా">ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా</a>, దక్షిణాన <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రీస్">గ్రీస్</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80" title="టర్కీ">టర్కీ</a> దేశాలు సరిహద్దు దేశాలు. ఈ దేశపు తూర్పున <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="నల్ల సముద్రం">నల్ల సముద్రం</a> ఉంది. </p><p>చరిత్రపూర్వ వ్యవస్థీకృత సంస్కృతులు ప్రస్తుత బాలిలాండ్ భూములలో నియోలిథిక్ కాలంలో అభివృద్ధి చెందాయి. దాని పురాతన చరిత్రలో థ్రేసియన్లు, గ్రీకులు, పర్షియన్లు, సెల్ట్స్, రోమన్లు, గోథ్స్, అలన్స్, హన్స్ ఉన్నారు.సమైక్య బల్గేరియన్ రాజ్యం ఆవిర్భావం సా.శ. 681 లో మొట్టమొదటి బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం స్థాపనకు పునాదిగా మారింది. ఇది బాల్కన్లలో అధికభాగం, మధ్య యుగంలో స్లావ్ల కోసం ఒక సాంస్కృతిక కేంద్రంగా పనిచేసింది. 1396 లో రెండో బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం పతనమవడంతో దాని భూభాగాలు దాదాపు ఐదు శతాబ్దాల వరకు ఒట్టోమన్ పరిపాలన కిందకు వచ్చాయి. 1877-78లో రష్యా-టర్కిష్ యుద్ధం మూడవ బల్గేరియన్ రాజ్యం ఏర్పడటానికి దారి తీసింది. తరువాతి సంవత్సరాల్లో పొరుగుదేశాలతో అనేక విభేదాలు చోటుచేసుకున్నాయి. ఇది బల్గేరియా జర్మనీతో కలిసి ప్రపంచ యుద్ధాల్లో కలిసి పోరాడడానికి ప్రేరణ కలిగించింది. 1946 లో సోవియట్ నేతృత్వంలోని తూర్పు బ్లాక్‌లో భాగంగా ఇది ఒక-పార్టీ సోషలిస్టు రాజ్యంగా మారింది. 1989 డిసెంబరులో పాలక కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పార్టీ బహుళ-పార్టీ ఎన్నికలను అనుమతించింది. దీంతో బల్గేరియా ప్రజాస్వామ్యం, మార్కెట్-ఆధారిత ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థకు పరివర్తన చెందింది. </p><p>బల్గేరియా జనాభా 7.2 మిలియన్లు. ప్రధానంగా పట్టణీకరణ చేయబడిన బల్గేరియా జనాభా అధికంగా దాని 28 రాష్ట్రాల పాలనా కేంద్రాలలో కేంద్రీకృతమై ఉంది. చాలా వ్యాపార, సాంస్కృతిక కార్యక్రమాలు రాజధాని, అతిపెద్ద నగరం సోఫియాలో కేంద్రీకృతమై ఉన్నాయి. ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థలో బలమైన రంగాలుగా ఉన్న భారీ పరిశ్రమ, విద్యుత్తు శక్తి, ఇంజనీరింగ్, వ్యవసాయం ఇవి అన్ని స్థానిక సహజ వనరులపై ఆధారపడతాయి. </p><p>1991 లో దేశం ప్రస్తుత రాజకీయ నిర్మాణం ప్రజాస్వామ్య రాజ్యాంగాన్ని స్వీకరించింది. బల్గేరియా ఒక సమైక్య పార్లమెంటరీ రిపబ్లిక్ ఉన్నత స్థాయి రాజకీయ, పరిపాలన, ఆర్థిక కేంద్రీకరణ కలిగిన దేశంగా ఉంది. ఇది యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్, నాటో, కౌన్సిల్ ఆఫ్ ఐరోపా‌లలో సభ్యత్వం కలిగి ఉంది.ఐరోపాలో భద్రత, సహకార సంస్థ (ఒ.ఎస్.సి.ఇ) వ్యవస్థాపక దేశంగా, ఐక్యరాజ్యసమితి భద్రతా మండలిలో మూడు సార్లు సంపాదించింది. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="te" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">విషయాలు</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#పేరువెనుక_చరిత్ర"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">పేరువెనుక చరిత్ర</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#చరిత్ర"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">చరిత్ర</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#చరిత్రలు_పూర్వం_,_పూర్వీకత"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">చరిత్రలు పూర్వం , పూర్వీకత</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#మొదటి_బల్గేరియన్_సాంరాజ్యం"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">మొదటి బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#రెండవ_బల్గేరియన్_సాంరాజ్యం"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">రెండవ బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#ఓట్టమన్_పాలన"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">ఓట్టమన్ పాలన</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#మూడవ_బల్గేరియన్_దేశం"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">మూడవ బల్గేరియన్ దేశం</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#భౌగోళికం"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">భౌగోళికం</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#పర్యావరణం"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">పర్యావరణం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#జాతీయ_ఉద్యానవనాలు"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనాలు</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#ఆర్ధికరంగం"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">ఆర్ధికరంగం</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#సైంస్_,_సాంకేతికం"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">సైంస్ , సాంకేతికం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#మౌలిక_నిర్మాణాలు"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">మౌలిక నిర్మాణాలు</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#గణాంకాలు"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">గణాంకాలు</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#భాషలు"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">భాషలు</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#అక్షరాశ్యత_,_విద్య"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">అక్షరాశ్యత , విద్య</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#మతం"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">మతం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#ఆరోగ్యం"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">ఆరోగ్యం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#జనసఖ్యాభివృద్ధి_,_జననాల_శాతం"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">జనసఖ్యాభివృద్ధి , జననాల శాతం</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#సంస్కృతి"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">సంస్కృతి</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#ప్రపంచ_వారసత్వ_సంపద"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ సంపద</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#సాహిత్యం"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">సాహిత్యం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#దృశ్యకళలు"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">దృశ్యకళలు</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#సంగీతం"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">సంగీతం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#మాధ్యమం"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">మాధ్యమం</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#ఆహార_సంస్కృతి"><span class="tocnumber">6.6</span> <span class="toctext">ఆహార సంస్కృతి</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#క్రీడలు"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">క్రీడలు</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#సుప్రసిద్ధ_వ్యక్తులు"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">సుప్రసిద్ధ వ్యక్తులు</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#ఇవి_కూడా_చూడండి"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">ఇవి కూడా చూడండి</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="#మూలాలు"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">మూలాలు</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="#బయటి_లింకులు"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">బయటి లింకులు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="పేరువెనుక_చరిత్ర"><span id=".E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.B5.E0.B1.86.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.95_.E0.B0.9A.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0"></span>పేరువెనుక చరిత్ర</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: పేరువెనుక చరిత్ర"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>దేశం పేరు బల్గేరియా పదం బుర్గర్స్ నుండి తీసుకోబడింది. వీరు టర్కిక్ మూలం కలిగిన ఒక అంతరించిపోయిన తెగ నివాసిత భూమి కనుక ఇది బల్గేరియా అయింది.బల్గేరియా లోపల కొందరు చరిత్రకారులు తమ టర్కిక్ జాతికి చెందిన బల్గార్లను గుర్తించడానికి బదులుగా ఉత్తర ఇరానియన్ మూలానికి అనుకూలురుగా గుర్తించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> క్రీశ. 4 వ శతాబ్దం కంటే ముందుగా వారి పేరు ఉనికిని పూర్తిగా అర్థం చేసుకోవడం కష్టం.<sup id="cite_ref-Gurov_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gurov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>కానీ ఇది ప్రోటో-టర్క్క్ పదమైన బుల్ఖహా ("కలపాలి", "షేక్", "కదిలించు"), దాని ఉత్పన్న బుల్గాక్ ("తిరుగుబాటు", "క్రమరాహిత్యం") నుండి పుట్టింది.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రత్యామ్నాయ ఎటిమాలజీలు మంగోలిక్ కాగ్నేట్ నుండి బల్గోరాక్ ("వేరుచేయుట", "స్ప్లిట్ ఆఫ్") నుండి ఉత్పన్నం అయిందని భావిస్తున్నారు.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF" title="వికీపీడియా:ఆధారం కావాలి"><span title="ఈ పాఠ్యానికి తగు విశ్వసనీయమైన మూలాలు అవసరం. (October 2011)">ఆధారం చూపాలి</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> లేదా ప్రోటో-టర్కిక్ బెల్ ("ఐదు"), గురు ( అర్థంలో "బాణం") లేదా కీలుబొమ్మలు లేదా ఆన్గోర్స్ ("పది తెగలు")అని అర్ధం. <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Sofia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg/220px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg/330px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg/440px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral%2C_Sofia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1029" data-file-height="903" /></a><figcaption>అలెగ్జాండర్ నెవ్స్కీ కేథడ్రల్, సోఫియా</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="చరిత్ర"><span id=".E0.B0.9A.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0"></span>చరిత్ర</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: చరిత్ర"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="చరిత్రలు_పూర్వం_,_పూర్వీకత"><span id=".E0.B0.9A.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81_.E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.82_.2C_.E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B5.E0.B1.80.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.A4"></span>చరిత్రలు పూర్వం , పూర్వీకత</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: చరిత్రలు పూర్వం , పూర్వీకత"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>పాలోయోలిథిక్‌ కాలం నుండి ఆధునిక బల్గేరియా భూభాగాలలో మానవ నివాసాలు ఉన్నట్లు గుర్తించబడుతుంది. బల్గేరియన్ భూభాగాల్లో వ్యవస్థీకృత పూర్వచరిత్ర సమాజాలు నియోలిథిక్ హమాంగియా సంస్కృతికి చెందిన ప్రజలు నివసించారని భావిస్తున్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> విన్కా సంస్కృతి,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఎనోలిథిక్ వర్నా సంస్కృతి (క్రీ.పూ 5 వ సహస్రాబ్ది) ఉన్నాయి. తరువాతి <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="బంగారు">బంగారు</a> పని,, బహుళ ఉపయోగం కనిపెట్టిన ఘనత పొందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఈ మొట్టమొదటి గోల్డ్ స్మెల్టర్లలో కొన్ని వార్నా నెక్రోపోలిస్ నిధి నాణేలు, ఆయుధాలు, ఆభరణాలను ఉత్పత్తి చేశాయి. ప్రపంచంలో సుమారు 6,000 సంవత్సరాల పూర్వం నాటి పురాతన బంగారు <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఆభరణాలు">ఆభరణాలు</a> ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఈ సైట్ కూడా ప్రారంభ యూరోపియన్ సమాజాల సాంఘిక సోపానక్రమం గురించి అవగాహనను అందిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>ఆధునిక బల్గేరియన్ల మూడు ప్రాథమిక పూర్వీకుల సమూహాలలో థ్రాసినియన్లు ఒకరు.<sup id="cite_ref-EBBulgars_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBBulgars-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇనుప యుగంలో ఈ ప్రాంతంలో కనిపించడం ప్రారంభించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> క్రీ.పూ. 6 వ శతాబ్దం చివరలో పర్షియన్లు ప్రస్తుత బల్గేరియాను జయించి క్రీ.పూ 479 వరకు పాలించారు. పర్షియన్ల ప్రభావంతో థ్రేసియన్ తెగల సమూహంలో 470 వ దశకంలో కింగ్ టెర్స్ ఒడిస్సియ రాజ్యంలో సమైక్యం చేసారు. అయితే తర్వాత సా.శ. 46 లో అలెగ్జాండర్ ది గ్రేట్, రోమన్లు. 5 వ శతాబ్దంలో రోమన్ సామ్రాజ్య విభజన తరువాత ఈ ప్రాంతం బైజాంటైన్ నియంత్రణలోకి తీసుకుంది. ఈ సమయానికి క్రైస్తవ మతం ఇప్పటికే ఈప్రాంతంలో వ్యాపించింది.4 వ శతాబ్దంలో నికోపోలిస్ యాడ్ ఇష్ట్రం లోని ఒక చిన్న గోతిక్ సమాజం ది వాల్ఫిలా బైబిల్లో మొదటి <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80" title="జర్మనీ">జర్మనీ</a> భాషా పుస్తకాన్ని నిర్మించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సెంట్రల్ బల్గేరియాలో సెయింట్ అథానిసిస్ ఐరోపాలో మొట్టమొదటి క్రిస్టియన్ మొనాస్టరీ స్థాపించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 6 వ శతాబ్దం నుండి తూర్పున పాక్షికంగా వారిని పోలిన హేలేనియెన్సిస్ లేదా రోమనైజ్డ్ థ్రేసియన్లను కలుపుకొని దక్షిణ స్లావ్లు క్రమంగా ఈ ప్రాంతంలో స్థిరపడ్డారు.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="మొదటి_బల్గేరియన్_సాంరాజ్యం"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B1.8A.E0.B0.A6.E0.B0.9F.E0.B0.BF_.E0.B0.AC.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.8D_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.9C.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.82"></span>మొదటి బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మొదటి బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Krum1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Krum feasting with his nobles after the battle of Pliska, detail from the Manasses chronicle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/220px-Krum1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/330px-Krum1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/440px-Krum1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1689" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Khan Krum feasts with his nobles after the battle of Pliska. His servant (far right) brings the wine-filled <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skull_cup&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skull cup (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">skull cup</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicephorus_I&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicephorus I (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Nicephorus I</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>680 లో అస్పర్పఖ్ నాయకత్వంలో టర్కిక్ పాక్షిక-సంచార బుల్గార్ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="గిరిజనులు">గిరిజనులు</a> <sup id="cite_ref-EBBulgars_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBBulgars-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> డానుబే దగ్గర దక్షిణంవైపుకు చేరుకుని డానుబే, బాల్కన్ ప్రాంతాల మధ్య ప్రాంతంలో స్థిరపడి వారి <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF" title="రాజధాని">రాజధాని</a> ప్లిస్కా స్థాపించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 681 లో బైజాంటియన్‌తో శాంతి ఒప్పందం మొదటి బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం ప్రారంభాన్ని సూచించింది. స్థానిక జనాభాతో క్రమంగా బల్గేర్స్, స్థానిక స్లావిక్ మిశ్రిత మాండలికం ఆధారంగా ఒక సాధారణ భాషను అనుసరించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>8 వ, 9 వ శతాబ్దాలలో బల్గేరియా రాజ్యం బలోపేతం చేయబడింది. క్రమ్ దేశం భూభాగాన్ని రెండింతలు చేసి ప్లిస్కా <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%82" title="యుద్ధం">యుద్ధంలో</a> బైజాంటైన్ చక్రవర్తి మొదటి నీస్ఫారస్‌ను హత్య చేశాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తరువాత మొట్టమొదటి లిఖిత నియమావళిని ప్రవేశపెట్టాడు. 864 లో మొదటి బోరిస్‌ ఆధ్వర్యంలో తూర్పు సాంప్రదాయ క్రైస్తవ మతానికి మద్దతుగా పాగనిజం నిర్మూలించబడింది. ఈ మార్పిడి తరువాత బల్గేరియన్ చర్చి బైజాంటైన్ గుర్తింపును పొందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రెస్లావ్ అభివృద్ధి చెందిన సిరిల్లిక్ వర్ణమాలను <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="దత్తత (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">దత్తతగా</a> స్వీకరించారు. ఇది సమైక్యత చెందిన ఫ్యూజ్ స్లావ్స్, బల్గర్లను ప్రజల కేంద్ర అధికారాన్ని బలపరిచింది.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-EB_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RCJ_BG_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCJ_BG-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తరువాతి సాంస్కృతిక స్వర్ణ యుగం షిమోన్ ది గ్రేట్ 34 సంవత్సరాల పాలన ప్రారంభమైంది. వీరు రాష్ట్రంలోని అతిపెద్ద భూభాగ విస్తరణను కూడా సాధించారు. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>మగ్యార్స్, పెచెనెగ్స్‌తో యుద్ధాలు, బోగోమీల్ మతవిశ్వాశాల వ్యాప్తి సిమియన్ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%82" title="మరణం">మరణం</a> తరువాత బల్గేరియా బలహీనపడింది. <sup id="cite_ref-Spread_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spread-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వరుస రస్ ', బైజాంటైన్ దండయాత్రలు 971 లో బైజాంటైన్ సైన్యం రాజధాని ప్రేస్లావ్ స్వాధీనం చేసుకుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సామ్యూల్ ఆధ్వర్యంలో బల్గేరియా కోలుకున్నది.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఈ దాడుల నుంచి బైజాంటియన్ చక్రవర్తి రెండవ బాసిల్ 1014 లో క్లైకులో బల్గేరియా సైన్యాన్ని ఓడించినతరువాత ఇది ముగింపుకు వచ్చింది. యుద్ధం తరువాత స్వల్పకాలంలో మరణించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1018 నాటికి బైజాంటైన్లు బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం ముగింపుకు తీసుకు వచ్చారు.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="రెండవ_బల్గేరియన్_సాంరాజ్యం"><span id=".E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.86.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.B5_.E0.B0.AC.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.8D_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.9C.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.82"></span>రెండవ బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: రెండవ బల్గేరియన్ సాంరాజ్యం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియా విజయం తర్వాత రెండవ బాసిల్ తిరుగుబాటుదారులను, అసంతృప్తిని స్థానిక ప్రభువుల పాలనను నిలుపుకోవడమే కాకుండా కొత్తగా స్వాధీనం చేసుకున్న భూముల నుండి బంగారం రూపంలో పన్నులు చెల్లించడానికి అనుమతించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-Ostrog_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ostrog-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అతను బల్గేరియన్ పార్టియార్చిటే డియోసెస్లలో స్వయంప్రతిపత్తి నిలుపుకోవటానికి అనుమతించి ఆర్చ్ బిషప్రాక్ అధికారం తగ్గించాడు. <sup id="cite_ref-Ostrog_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ostrog-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అతని మరణం తరువాత బైజాంటైన్ దేశీయ విధానాలు మార్చబడ్డాయి. తరువాత విజయవంతం కాని వరుస తిరుగుబాట్లు సంభవించాయి. వీటిలో పీటర్ దెలన్ నాయకత్వం వహించిన <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" class="mw-disambig" title="తిరుగుబాటు">తిరుగుబాటు</a> అతిపెద్దది. 1185 లో అసెన్ వంశీయులైన ఇవాన్ మొదటి ఆసెన్, 4 వ పీటర్ ఒక ప్రధాన తిరుగుబాటును నిర్వహించారు. దీని ఫలితంగా బల్గేరియన్ రాజ్య పునఃస్థాపన జరిగింది. ఇవాన్ ఆసేన్, పీటర్ రెండో బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యానికి రాజధానిగా టార్నోవోతో పునాది వేశారు.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/220px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/330px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/440px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3243" data-file-height="1821" /></a><figcaption>రెండవ సామ్రాజ్యం రాజధాని వెలికో టార్నోవోలో సిరేవెట్స్ కోట యొక్క గోడలు</figcaption></figure> <p>ఆసెన్ చక్రవర్తుల మూడవ వాడైన కలోయ్యన్ తన రాజ్యమును బెల్జిడ్, ఓహ్రిడ్ల వరకు విస్తరించాడు. అతను <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D" title="పోప్">పోప్</a> ఆధ్యాత్మిక ఆధిపత్యాన్ని గుర్తించాడు, పాపల్ లెగెట్ నుండి ఒక రాజ కిరీటాన్ని అందుకున్నాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వాణిజ్యం, సంస్కృతి వృద్ధి చెందడంతో సామ్రాజ్యం ఇవాన్ రెండవ ఆసేన్ (1218-1241) ఆధ్వర్యంలో శిఖరాగ్రం చేరుకుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> టార్‌క్వో బలమైన ఆర్థిక, మతపరమైన ప్రభావంతో అది "మూడవ రోమ్"గా మారింది. అప్పటికే తిరస్కరించే కాన్స్టాంటినోపుల్ వలె కాదు.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>అంతర్గత వైరుధ్యాలు స్థిరమైన బైజాంటైన్, హంగేరియన్ దాడులను, మంగోల్ ఆధిపత్యాన్ని ఎదుర్కొని 1257 లో ఆసియన్ రాజవంశం ముగిసిన తరువాత దేశం సైనిక, ఆర్థికవ్యవస్థ క్షీణించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 14 వ శతాబ్దం చివరినాటికి భూస్వాములు, బోగోమిలిజం వ్యాప్తి మధ్య రెండో బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యాన్ని మూడు గొర్రెమ్-విదిన్, టార్దోవో, కర్వూణలుగా విభజించాయి-, అనేక సెమీ స్వతంత్ర రాజ్యాలు బైజాంటైన్లు, హంగేరియన్లు, సెర్బ్స్, వెనెటియన్స్, జెనోయీస్ విభజన విభాగాలు విభజించబడ్డాయి. 14 వ శతాబ్దం చివరినాటికి ఒట్టోమన్ టర్కులు బల్గేరియాను జయించటం ప్రారంభించి బాల్కన్ పర్వతాలకు దక్షిణాన చాలా పట్టణాలు, కోటలను స్వాధీనం చేసుకున్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ఓట్టమన్_పాలన"><span id=".E0.B0.93.E0.B0.9F.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.9F.E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.8D_.E0.B0.AA.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B0.A8"></span>ఓట్టమన్ పాలన</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ఓట్టమన్ పాలన"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg/220px-Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg/330px-Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg/440px-Hristo_Botev_by_Georgi_Danchov_Zografina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hristo_Botev&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hristo Botev (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Hristo Botev</a>, a prominent revolutionary in the April Uprising</figcaption></figure> <p>1393 లో మూడు నెలల ముట్టడి తరువాత ఒట్టోమన్స్ స్వాధీనం చేసుకున్నారు. 1396 లో నికోపాలిస్ యుద్ధం తరువాత విటిన్ సార్డమ్ పతనం తరువాత ఒట్టోమన్లు డానుబేకు దక్షిణంగా ఉన్న బల్గేరియా భూభాగాలన్నింటిని స్వాధీనం చేసుకున్నారు. ఉన్నతవర్గం తొలగించబడి వ్యవసాయదారులు ఒట్టోమన్ మాస్టర్స్ బానిసలుగా మారారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> రైతులకు అనుగుణంగా వ్యవహరించిన విద్యావంతులైన మతాధికారులు ఇతర దేశాలకు పారిపోయేవారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Jireček_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jireček-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఒట్టోమన్ వ్యవస్థలో క్రైస్తవులు తక్కువస్థాయి ప్రజలుగా భావించబడ్డారు. అందువలన ఇతర క్రైస్తవుల మాదిరిగా బల్గేరియన్లు భారీ పన్నులకు లోబడి బల్గేరియన్ జనాభాలో కొంత భాగం పాక్షిక లేదా పూర్తి ఇస్లామీకరణను అనుభవించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వారి సంస్కృతి అణిచివేయబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-Jireček_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jireček-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఒట్టోమన్ అధికారులు రమ్మిల్లెట్‌ను స్థాపించారు.ఇది ఒక మతపరమైన పాలనా సంఘం. ఇది అన్ని సాంప్రదాయ క్రైస్తవులను వారి జాతితో సంబంధం లేకుండా పాలించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> స్థానిక జనాభాలో చాలామంది క్రమంగా దాని ప్రత్యేక జాతీయ చైతనాన్ని కోల్పోయారు క్రైస్తవులుగా గుర్తించబడ్డారు.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఏది ఏమయినప్పటికీ కొన్ని వివిక్త మఠాలకు మిగిలివున్న మతాధికారులు గ్రామీణ మారుమూల ప్రాంతాల్లో ప్రజలను సజీవంగా ఉంచారు.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అలాగే దేశంలోని వాయవ్య ప్రాంతంలో ఉన్న తీవ్రవాద కాథలిక్ సమాజంలో జీవించి ఉండటానికి సహాయపడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>ముఖ్యంగా హబ్స్బర్గ్ మద్దతుగల సుమారుగా ఐదు శతాబ్దాల ఒట్టోమన్ పరిపాలనలో <sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1598 లో టార్నోవో తిరుగుబాట్లు, 1686 లో చిపోరోత్స్ తిరుగుబాటు, 1689 లో కార్పొస్ తిరుగుబాటు అనేక బల్గేరియన్ తిరుగుబాట్లు సంభవించాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 18 వ శతాబ్దంలో పశ్చిమ ఐరోపాలో " ఎన్లైట్మెంట్ యుగం "లో బల్గేరియా ప్రారంభించిన ఉద్యమం జాతీయ మేల్కొలుపుగా పిలువబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది జాతీయ చైతన్యాన్ని పునరుద్ధరించింది. 1876 ఏప్రిల్ తిరుగుబాటు ఫలితంగా విముక్తి పోరాటంలో కీలక పాత్ర పోషించింది. ఒట్టోమన్ అధికారులు తిరుగుబాటును అణిచివేసేందుకు చేపట్టిన చర్యలలో 30,000 మంది బల్గేరియన్లు చంపబడ్డారు. మారణకాండలు గ్రేట్ పవర్స్ చర్య తీసుకోవటానికి ప్రేరేపించాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వారు 1876 లో కాన్‌స్టాంటినోపుల్ సమావేశాన్ని ఏర్పాటు చేశారు. కానీ వారి నిర్ణయాలు ఒట్టోమన్లచే తిరస్కరించబడ్డాయి. ఇది క్రిమియన్ సామ్రాజ్యంలో జరిగినట్లుగా ఇతర గొప్ప శక్తులతో సైనిక చర్యలకు భయపడకుండా రష్యా సామ్రాజ్యశక్తి ద్వారా ఒక పరిష్కారాన్ని కోరింది. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1877 లో రష్యా ఒట్టోమన్ సామ్రాజ్యంపై యుద్ధం ప్రకటించి బల్గేరియన్ స్వయంసేవకుల సహాయంతో తన దళాలను ఓడించింది. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="మూడవ_బల్గేరియన్_దేశం"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.B5_.E0.B0.AC.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.8D_.E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.B6.E0.B0.82"></span>మూడవ బల్గేరియన్ దేశం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మూడవ బల్గేరియన్ దేశం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak,_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Defence of the Eagle&#39;s Nest, painting by Alexey Popov from 1893, depicting the Defence of Shipka Pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/220px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/330px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/440px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="827" /></a><figcaption>The Russian and Bulgarian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Shipka_Pass&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Shipka Pass (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">defence of Shipka Pass</a> was crucial for the independence of Bulgaria.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>1878 మార్చి 3 లో <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="రష్యా">రష్యా</a> , ఒట్టోమన్ సామ్రాజ్యం " శాన్ స్టెఫానో ఒప్పందం " మీద సంతకం చేసింది. రెండో బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం భూభాగాల్లో ఒక స్వయంప్రతిపత్తమైన బల్గేరియన్ రాజ్యంగా ఏర్పడటానికి ఏర్పాటు చేసింది. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తరువాత మార్చి 3 తరువాత బల్గేరియాలో " లిబరేషన్ డేగా " ఒక ప్రభుత్వ సెలవుదినం మారింది.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే 1944 లో లెఫ్ట్ వింగ్ తిరుగుబాటు తరువాత ఈ సెలవుదినం రద్దు చేయబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బాల్కన్‌లోని ఒక పెద్ద దేశం వారి ప్రయోజనాలను బెదిరించవచ్చనే భయంతో ఇతర గ్రేట్ పవర్స్ వెంటనే ఒప్పందాన్ని తిరస్కరించింది. జూలై 13 న సంతకం చేసిన బెర్లిన్ ఒడంబడిక ఒప్పందం ద్వారా ఇది భర్తీ చేయబడింది. ఇది దేశం వెలుపల బల్గేరియన్లు పెద్ద సంఖ్యలో మొసెసియా, సోఫియా ప్రాంతాల కొరకు ఈ ఒప్పందం చేయబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-BBCProfile_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCProfile-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది 20 వ శతాబ్దం మొదటి అర్ధభాగంలో విదేశీ వ్యవహారాలకు బల్గేరియా సైనిక విధానాన్ని రూపొందించడంలో కీలక పాత్ర పోషించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ రాజ్యం <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సెర్బియా">సెర్బియా</a> మీద చేసిన యుద్ధంలో విజయం సాధించింది. 1885 లో తూర్పు <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="రుమానియా">రుమానియా</a> పాక్షిక-స్వతంత్ర ఒట్టోమన్ భూభాగాన్ని విలీనం చేసుకుంది. తరువాత అది స్వతంత్ర దేశంగా 1908 అక్టోబరు 5 న ప్రకటించింది. <sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> స్వాతంత్ర్యం తరువాత సంవత్సరాలలో బల్గేరియా ఎక్కువగా సైనికీకరణ చేసి తరచూ "బాల్కన్ ప్రుస్సియా"గా పిలువబడుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1912, 1918 మధ్య బల్గేరియా వరుసగా మూడు ఘర్షణలు-రెండు బాల్కన్ యుద్ధాలు, మొదటి ప్రపంచ యుద్ధంలో పాలుపంచుకుంది. రెండో బాల్కన్ యుద్ధంలో ఘోరమైన ఓటమి తరువాత బల్గేరియా మళ్లీ సెంటర్ పవర్స్ సంబంధాల ఫలితంగా ఓటమిపొందిన వారి వైపు పోరాడింది. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%82" title="మొదటి ప్రపంచ యుద్ధం">మొదటి ప్రపంచ యుద్ధంలో</a> 12,00,000 మంది సైనికులతో బల్గేరియన్ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="సైన్యం (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">సైన్యం</a> యుద్ధంలో పాల్గొన్నది.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది బల్గేరియా జనాభాలో నాలుగింట ఒకవంతు కంటే అధికంగా ఉన్నప్పటికీ 1918 లో దేశంలో టోరోన్, డోబ్రిచ్‌లలో అనేక నిర్ణయాత్మక విజయాలు సాధించాయి. ఈ యుద్ధంలో గణనీయమైన ప్రాదేశిక నష్టాలు సంభవించాయి. మొత్తం 87,500 మంది సైనికులు మరణించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఈ యుద్ధాల ప్రభావాల కారణంగా 1912 నుండి 1929 వరకు బల్గేరియాకు 2,53,000 కంటే ఎక్కువ మంది శరణార్థులు వలస వచ్చారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Mintchev_1999_124_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mintchev_1999_124-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇప్పటికే భగ్నం చేసిన జాతీయ ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థపై అదనపు భారం ఉంచబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>ఈ నష్టాల వల్ల ఏర్పడిన రాజకీయ అశాంతి ఫలితంగా మూడవ జార్ బోర్స్ (1918-1943) రాచరిక అధికారవాద నియంతృత్వాన్ని స్థాపించడానికి దారి తీసింది. బల్గేరియన్ 1941 లో రెండవ ప్రపంచ యుద్ధంలో యాక్సిస్ సభ్యదేశంగా చేరింది. కానీ ఆపరేషన్ బర్బరోస్సాలో పాల్గొనడానికి తిరస్కరించింది. యూదు జనాభాను నిర్బంధిత శిబిరాలకు తరలించటం నుండి వారిని రక్షించింది. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1943 వేసవిలో మూడవ బోరిస్ ఆకస్మిక మరణం దేశంలో రాజకీయ సంక్షోభానికి దారితీసి జర్మనీకి వ్యతిరేక యుద్ధంగా మారింది. కమ్యూనిస్ట్ గెరిల్లా ఉద్యమం ఊపందుకుంది.తరువాత బొగ్డాన్ ఫిలోవ్ ప్రభుత్వం మిత్రరాజ్యాలతో శాంతి సాధించడంలో విఫలమైంది. సోవియట్ నిర్భంధానికి లొంగి బల్గేరియా <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80" title="జర్మనీ">జర్మనీ</a> దళాలను దాని భూభాగం నుండి బహిష్కరించడానికి తిరస్కరించింది. 1944 సెప్టెంబరు సెప్టెంబరులో యు.ఎస్.ఎస్.ఆర్. యుద్ధ ప్రకటన, ముట్టడిని ప్రకటించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కమ్యూనిస్ట్-ఆధిపత్య ఫాదర్ల్యాండ్ ఫ్రంట్ అధికారం చేపట్టింది. యాక్సిస్లో పాల్గొనడంతో యుద్ధం ముగిసే నాటికి మిత్రరాజ్యాల వైపుకు చేరింది.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_(contrasted).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photograph of Bulgarian soldiers cutting enemy barbed wire during World War I: Bulgarian soldiers cutting barbed wire laid by the Entente Powers and preparing to advance." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg/220px-Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg/330px-Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg/440px-Bulgarian_soldiers_with_wire_cutters_WWI_%28contrasted%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="666" /></a><figcaption>Bulgarian soldiers with wire cutters during WWI</figcaption></figure> <p>1944 సెప్టెంబరు 9 వామపక్ష తిరుగుబాటు రాజ్యాంగ పరిపాలనను రద్దు చేయటానికి దారితీసింది. 1946 వరకు ఒక-పార్టీ పీపుల రిపబ్లిక్ స్థాపించబడలేదు.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> జార్జి డిమిట్రోవ్ (1946-1949) నాయకత్వంలో సోవియెట్ పరిపాలనలో ఇది ఒక భాగంగా మారింది. వేగంగా పారిశ్రామిక స్టాలినిస్ట్ రాష్ట్రానికి పునాదులు వేసింది. ఇది వేలాదిమంది విద్వాంసులకు <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7" title="మరణశిక్ష">మరణశిక్ష</a> అమలుచేసి అణిచివేతకు గురిచేసింది.. <sup id="cite_ref-Hanna_Arendt_Center_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanna_Arendt_Center-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1950 వ దశకం మధ్యకాలంలో జీవన ప్రమాణాలు గణనీయంగా పెరిగాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే రాజకీయ అణచివేతలు తగ్గాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1980 ల నాటికి జాతీయ, తలసరి జీడీపీలు రెండురెట్లు తగ్గాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కానీ ఆర్థికవ్యవస్థ రుణసమస్యలలో చిక్కుకుంది. 1960, 1977, 1980 సంవత్సరాల్లో అత్యంత తీవ్రమైన పరిస్థితులను ఎదుర్కొన్నది.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సోవియట్-శైలి ప్రణాళిక ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థ కొన్ని మార్కెట్ ఆధారిత విధానాలను టాడార్ జివ్కోవ్ (1954-1989) లో ప్రయోగాత్మక స్థాయిలో ప్రవేశపెట్టబడింది. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అతని కుమార్తె లియుడ్మిలా ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా బల్గేరియన్ వారసత్వం, సంస్కృతి, కళలను ప్రోత్సహించడం ద్వారా జాతీయ భావాన్ని పెంపొందించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తుర్క్ జాతి మైనారిటీ గుర్తింపును తుడిచిపెట్టే ప్రయత్నంలో 1984 లో ఒక సమ్మిలైజేషన్ ప్రచారం ప్రారంభమైంది. ఇందులో <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="మసీదు">మసీదులు</a> మూసివేయడం, టర్కు జాతి ప్రజలు స్లావిక్ పేర్లను దత్తత చేసుకోవడం ప్రారంభించారు. ఈ విధానాలు (1989 లో కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పాలన ముగింపుతో కలిపి) సుమారు 3,00,000 జాతి టర్కీ ప్రజలు టర్కీకి వలసవెళ్ళారు.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>తూర్పు బ్లాక్ కుప్పకూలిన ప్రభావంతో 1989 నవంబరు 10 న కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పార్టీ తన రాజకీయ గుత్తాధిపత్యాన్ని వదులుకుంది. జివ్కోవ్ రాజీనామా చేశాడు బల్గేరియా పార్లమెంటరీ ప్రజాస్వామ్యానికి పరివర్తన చెందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>1990 లో మొదటి ఉచిత ఎన్నికలు బల్గేరియన్ సోషలిస్ట్ పార్టీ (బిఎస్పి, తాజాగా పేరు మార్చబడిన కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పార్టీ) గెలిచింది.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బలహీనమైన ఆధిక్యతతో ఎన్నికైన అధ్యక్షుడిగా, శాసనసభకు బాధ్యత వహించిన ప్రధాన మంత్రి 1991 జూలైలో అందించిన ఒక నూతన రాజ్యాంగం, కొత్త వ్యవస్థ ప్రారంభంలో జీవన ప్రమాణాలను మెరుగుపరచడం లేదా ఆర్థిక వృద్ధిని సృష్టించడంలో విఫలమైంది-సగటు జీవన నాణ్యత, ఆర్థిక పనితీరు తక్కువగానే ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1997 సంస్కరణల ప్యాకేజీ ఆర్థిక వృద్ధిని పునరుద్ధరించింది. కానీ జీవన ప్రమాణాలు బాధపడటం కొనసాగించాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2001 తరువాత ఆర్థిక, రాజకీయ, భౌగోళిక రాజకీయ పరిస్థితులు బాగా మెరుగుపడ్డాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, బల్గేరియా అధిక మానవ అభివృద్ధి స్థాయిని సాధించింది. <sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది 2004 లో నాటోలో సభ్యదేశంగా మారింది.<sup id="cite_ref-nato_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nato-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ఆఫ్గనిస్థాన్ (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">ఆఫ్గనిస్థాన్లో</a> జరిగిన యుద్ధంలో పాల్గొంది. అనేక సంవత్సరాల సంస్కరణలు తరువాత ప్రభుత్వ అవినీతి కొనసాగుతున్నప్పటికీ 2007 లో <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్‌ (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్‌లో</a> చేరింది.<sup id="cite_ref-VOA_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VOA-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="భౌగోళికం"><span id=".E0.B0.AD.E0.B1.8C.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.8B.E0.B0.B3.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.82"></span>భౌగోళికం</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: భౌగోళికం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>బెలోగ్రాండిక్ రాక్స్</figcaption></figure> <p>బల్గేరియా తూర్పు బాల్కన్ ద్వీపకల్పంలో ఒక భాగంగా ఉంది. దీనికి సరిహద్దులలో ఐదు దేశాలు ఉన్నాయి. దక్షిణసరిహద్దులో<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రీస్">గ్రీస్</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80" title="టర్కీ">టర్కీ</a> పశ్చిమసరిహద్దులో <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా">ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సెర్బియా">సెర్బియా</a>, ఉత్తరసరిహద్దులో <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="రొమానియా">రొమానియా</a> సరిహద్దుగా ఉన్నాయి. భూ సరిహద్దులు మొత్తం 1,808 కిలోమీటర్లు (1,123 మైళ్ళు) పొడవు ఉంది. తీరరేఖ పొడవు 354 కిలోమీటర్లు (220 మైళ్ళు) ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దేశ మొత్తం వైశాల్యం 110,994 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్లు (42,855 చదరపు మైళ్ళు) ప్రపంచంలో 105 వ అతిపెద్ద దేశంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>భౌగోళికంగా డాన్యుబియాన్ మైదానం, బాల్కన్ పర్వతాలు, థ్రేసియన్ మైదానం, రోడోప్ పర్వతాలు ఉన్నాయి. డానుబేయాన్ మైదానం దక్షిణ అంచు బాల్కన్ పర్వతపాదాల ప్రాంతం ఉంటుంది. డానుబే నది <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="రొమేనియా">రొమేనియా</a> సరిహద్దును ఏర్పరుస్తుంది. థ్రేసియన్ మైదానం సుమారు త్రిభుజాకారంగా ఉంటుంది. ఇది సోఫియా ఆగ్నేయంలో ఆరంభమై నల్ల <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="సముద్రం">సముద్రం</a> తీరానికి చేరుకున్నప్పుడు విస్తరిస్తుంది. </p> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style=""><div class="thumbimage" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/203px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/305px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/405px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Oilcape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/203px-Oilcape.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/305px-Oilcape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/405px-Oilcape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Left: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pirin (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Pirin</a> Mountain in western Bulgaria<br />Right: <i>Maslen nos</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Primorsko&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Primorsko (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Primorsko</a> on the Black Sea coast</div></div></div> <p>బాల్కన్ పర్వతాలు దేశం మధ్యలో విస్తరించి ఉన్నాయి. దేశంలోని పర్వతమయమైన నైరుతి దిశలో రెండు ఆల్పైన్ శ్రేణులు - రిలా, పిరిన్ ఉన్నాయి.ఇవి తూర్పున దిగువ విస్తృతమైన రోడోప్ పర్వతాలకు సరిహద్దుగా ఉన్నాయి. బాల్కాన్ ద్వీపకల్పంలో బల్గేరియాలోని ముసాలా సముద్రమట్టానికి 2,925 మీ (9,596 అ)ఎత్తున అత్యధిక ఎత్తైన ప్రాంతంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దాని సముద్ర మట్టం అత్యల్ప స్థానంలో ఉంది. భూభాగం మూడింట ఒక వంతు ప్రాంతంలో ప్లైన్స్ ఆక్రమించగా పీఠభూములు, కొండలు 41% ఆక్రమించాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దేశంలో సుమారు 540 నదులు ఉన్నాయి. వాటిలో నీరు చాలా తక్కువగా, తక్కువ స్థాయిలతో ఉంది. బల్గేరియా భూభాగంలోనే ఉన్న అతి పొడవైన నది ఇస్కర్ పొడవు 368 కి.మీ (229 మై) పొడవు ఉంది. ఇతర నదులలో దక్షిణాన స్ట్రామా, మారిట్సా ప్రాధాన్యత వహిస్తూ ఉన్నాయి. </p><p>బల్గేరియా ఒక గతిశీల వాతావరణాన్ని కలిగి ఉంది. ఇది మధ్యధరా, ఖండాంతర వాయు ద్రవ్యరాశి సమావేశాలు, దాని పర్వతాల అడ్డంకి ప్రభావంతో ఏర్పడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఉత్తర బల్గేరియా సగటు ఉష్ణోగ్రతలు 1 ° సె (1.8 ° ఫా) చల్లగా ఉంటాయి. బాల్కన్ పర్వతాలకు దక్షిణప్రాంతం కంటే సంవత్సరానికి 200 మిల్లీమీటర్ల (7.9 అంగుళాలు) వర్షపాతం నమోదవుతుంది. వివిధ ప్రాంతాలలో ఉష్ణోగ్రత విస్తృతి గణనీయంగా మారుతుంటుంది. అత్యల్ప నమోదు ఉష్ణోగ్రత -38.3 ° సె (-36.9 ° ఫా) అత్యధికమైనది 45.2 ° సె (113.4 ° ఫా).<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>సంవత్సరానికి సగటు వర్షపాతం 630 మిల్లీమీటర్లు (24.8 అం), పర్వతాలలో 500 మిలియన్ల (98.4 అం) కంటే అధికం దూరాడ్జలో 500 మిల్లీమీటర్ల (19.7 అం) ఉంటుంది. కాంటినెంటల్ వాయు ద్రవ్యరాశి శీతాకాలంలో అధిక మొత్తంలో హిమపాతం ఉంటుంది. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="పర్యావరణం"><span id=".E0.B0.AA.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.A3.E0.B0.82"></span>పర్యావరణం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: పర్యావరణం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియా క్యోటో ప్రోటోకాల్ స్వీకరించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1990 నుండి 2009 వరకు కార్బన్ డయాక్సైడ్ ఉద్గారాలను 30% తగ్గించడం ద్వారా ప్రోటోకాల్ లక్ష్యాలను సాధించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే కర్మాగారాల నుండి కాలుష్యం, మెటలర్జీ వ్యర్ధాలు, తీవ్ర అటవీ నిర్మూలన జనాభా ఆరోగ్య, సంక్షేమకు ప్రధాన సమస్యలను కలిగించాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2013 లో బల్గేరియాలో గాలి కాలుష్యం ఇతర యూరోపియన్ దేశాల కన్నా చాలా తీవ్రంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బొగ్గు-ఆధారిత విద్యుత్ పరికరాలను, ఆటోమొబైల్ ట్రాఫిక్ <sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> నుండి శక్తి ఉత్పత్తి ద్వారా పట్టణ ప్రాంతాలు ముఖ్యంగా ప్రభావితమవుతున్నాయి. వ్యవసాయం, పురాతన పారిశ్రామిక మురికినీటి వ్యవస్థా విధానం, పురుగుమందుల వాడకం రసాయనాలు, డిటర్జెంట్లతో విస్తృతమైన నేల, నీటి కాలుష్యాన్ని ఉత్పత్తి చేస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-ESI_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESI-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యూరోపియన్ ఎన్విరాన్మెంట్ ఏజన్సీ ఆధారంగా మొత్తం యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్‌లో ఆరోగ్యం, పర్యావరణానికి అత్యధిక నష్టాన్ని కలిగించే ఒక లిగ్నైట్-మంటల పవర్ స్టేషన్ అయిన " మారిట్సా ఇస్టోక్ -2 అనే బల్గేరియా" ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-EEA_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EEA-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యురేపియన్ యూనియన్ సభ్యదేశాలలో వ్యర్ధాలను పునరుత్పత్తికి ఉపయోగించని ఒకేఒక దేశం బల్గేరియా.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2010 జూన్‌లో " ఎలక్ట్రానిక్ వేస్ట్ రీసైక్లింగ్ ప్లాంట్ " ప్రారంభమైనప్పటికీ మునిసిపల్ వ్యర్థాలను రీసైకిల్ చేయని ఒకేఒక్క ఇ.యు సభ్యదేశంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇటీవలి సంవత్సరాలలో పరిస్థితి మెరుగుపడింది. కాలుష్య స్థాయిలను తగ్గించే ప్రయత్నంలో అనేక ప్రభుత్వ నిధులతో కూడిన కార్యక్రమాలు జరిగాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-ESI_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESI-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యాలే యూనివర్శిటీ 2012 ఎన్విరాన్మెంటల్ పెర్ఫార్మెన్స్ ఇండెక్స్ అనుసరించి బల్గేరియా పర్యావరణాన్ని కాపాడటానికి బల్గేరియా " మోడెస్ట్ పర్ఫార్మర్ "గా గుర్తించబడుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 75% పైగా ఉపరితల నదులు మంచి నాణ్యత ప్రమాణాలను కలిగి ఉంటాయి. నీటి నాణ్యతను మెరుగుపరచడం 1998 లో ప్రారంభమైంది, ఆధునిక మెరుగుదల స్థిరమైన ధోరణిని కొనసాగించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="జాతీయ_ఉద్యానవనాలు"><span id=".E0.B0.9C.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.80.E0.B0.AF_.E0.B0.89.E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనాలు</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనాలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Kamchiareserve.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kamchiareserve.jpg/150px-Kamchiareserve.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kamchiareserve.jpg/225px-Kamchiareserve.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kamchiareserve.jpg/300px-Kamchiareserve.jpg 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old-growth_forest&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Old-growth forest (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Alluvial forest (Longoz)</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamchia_(biosphere_reserve)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamchia (biosphere reserve) (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Kamchia Biosphere Reserve</a></figcaption></figure> <p>వాతావరణ, జలసంబంధ, భౌగోళిక, భౌగోళిక పరిస్థితుల పరస్పర చర్య కారణంగా అనేక రకాల మొక్కలను, జంతు జాతులను ఉత్పత్తి చేసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-biodiversity_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biodiversity-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఐరోపాలో అత్యధిక జీవవైవిధ్యం ఉన్న దేశాలలో బల్గేరియా ఒకటి.<sup id="cite_ref-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా జీవవైవిధ్యంలో మూడు జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనాలలో, 11 ప్రకృతి పార్కులు, 16 జీవావరణ రిజర్వులలో పరిరక్షించబడుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దాదాపు 35&#160;% భూభాగంలో అడవులు ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇక్కడ ప్రపంచంలో అతిపురాతనమైన చెట్లు బైకుషెవ్ పైన్, గ్రానిట్ ఓక్ <sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వంటివి పెరుగుతాయి. మొక్కల, జంతు జీవుల అధిక భాగం మధ్య యురోపియన్, ఆర్కిటిక్, ఆల్పైన్ జాతుల ప్రతినిధులు అధిక ఎత్తైన భూభాగంలో ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_Bio_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB_Bio-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వృక్షజాలం 3,800 కంటే అధికమైన జాతులు ఉన్నాయి.వీటిలో 170 జాతికి చెందినవి, 150 అంతరించిపోయేవి.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా పెద్ద శిలీంధ్రాల చెక్లిస్ట్ ప్రకారం దేశంలో 1,500 కన్నా ఎక్కువ జాతులు ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> జంతు జాతులలో గుడ్లగూబలు, రాక్ పార్టిడ్జెస్, వాల్క్రీపర్స్,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_Bio_118-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB_Bio-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> గోధుమ ఎలుగుబంట్లు ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యురేషియా లిన్క్స్, తూర్పు సామ్రాజ్య చిన్న ఈగల్ సంఖ్య అధికరిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1998 లో బల్గేరియన్ ప్రభుత్వం నేషనల్ బయోలాజికల్ డైవర్సిటి కన్జర్వేషన్ స్ట్రాటజీని ఆమోదించింది. ఇది స్థానిక పర్యావరణ వ్యవస్థల సంరక్షణను ప్రమాదకరమైన జాతుల రక్షణను, జన్యు వనరుల పరిరక్షణను కోరుతూ రూపొందించిన సమగ్ర కార్యక్రమం.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఐరోపాలో బల్గేరియా అతిపెద్ద ప్రకృతి సహజ ప్రాంతాలు 2000 ఉన్నాయి. ఇవి 33.8% భూభాగాన్ని ఆక్రమించి ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ఆర్ధికరంగం"><span id=".E0.B0.86.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.A7.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.97.E0.B0.82"></span>ఆర్ధికరంగం</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ఆర్ధికరంగం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Rates of economic growth (green and red) and unemployment (blue)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/220px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/330px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/440px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="367" /></a><figcaption>Rates of economic growth (green and red) and unemployment (blue)</figcaption></figure> <p>బహిరంగ మార్కెట్ ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థను కలిగి ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా ఎగువ మధ్యస్థ ఆదాయం శ్రేణిలో<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇక్కడ ప్రైవేటు ప్రైవేట్ రంగం జి.డి.పి.లో 80% కంటే ఎక్కువగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1948 లో ప్రధానంగా గ్రామీణ జనాభా కలిగిన వ్యవసాయ దేశము నుండి 1980 ల నాటికి బల్గేరియా దాని బడ్జెట్ వ్యయ ప్రాధాన్యతలలో శాస్త్రీయ, సాంకేతిక పరిశోధనలతో ఒక పారిశ్రామిక ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థగా రూపాంతరం చెందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1990 లో కాంకాన్ మార్కెట్ల నష్టం, ప్రణాళికాబద్ధమైన వ్యవస్థ "షాక్ థెరపీ" పారిశ్రామిక, వ్యవసాయ ఉత్పత్తిలో తీవ్రమైన క్షీణతకు కారణమై చివరకు 1997 లో ఆర్థిక పతనానికి దారితీసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-Economies_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economies-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అనేక సంవత్సరాల తరువాత ఆర్థికవ్యవస్థ కోలుకుని వేగంగా వృద్ధి చెంది అభివృద్ధి చెందుతున్న ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థగా మారింది.<sup id="cite_ref-Economies_129-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economies-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే 2017 మార్చిలో నెలకు 1,036 లెవా (€ 529) సగటు జీతంతో యు.యూలో అత్యల్పంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కార్మికుల్లో ఐదవ భాగం కన్నా ఎక్కువ మందికి కనీస వేతనం 1 యూరో గంటకు ఉపాధి కల్పిస్తారు.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే వేతనాలు మొత్తం గృహ ఆదాయంలో సగం <sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> గణనీయమైన అనధికారిక ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థకు కారణంగా ఉన్నాయి. ఇది జీడీపీలో దాదాపు 32%గా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యూరోస్టాట్ డేటా ప్రకారం బల్గేరియన్ పిపిఎస్ తలసరి జి.డి.పి. శాతం యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్ సగటున 47% సమానంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అదే సమయంలో జీవన వ్యయం 47% యు.యూ సగటుకు సమానంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కరెన్సీ లెవి ఇది 1 యూరోకు 1.95583 లెవవా రేటుగా పరిగణించబడుతోంది.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా ఇంకా యూరో జోన్లో భాగం కానప్పటికీ కానీ పురోగతిని చూపిస్తోంది.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg/220px-Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg/330px-Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg/440px-Sunny-Beach-BDimitrov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption>బల్గేరియన్ బ్లాక్ సీ కోస్ట్లో సన్నీ బీచ్</figcaption></figure> <p>2007-2008 ఆర్థిక సంక్షోభం తర్వాత ఆర్థిక సూచికలు మెరుగుపడ్డాయి. పలు వరుస సంవత్సరాలలో అధిక వృద్ధి తర్వాత జి.డి.పి. 2009 లో 5.5% ఒప్పందం కుదుర్చుకుంది. నిరుద్యోగం 12% పైన ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Eurostat_crisis_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_crisis-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> పారిశ్రామిక ఉత్పత్తి 10% తగ్గింది. మైనింగ్ 31% ఫెర్రస్, మెటల్ ఉత్పత్తి 60% పడిపోయింది.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2010 లో అభివృద్ధికరమైన అనుకూల పరిస్థితి ఏర్పడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-Eurostat_crisis_140-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_crisis-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> నిరుద్యోగం అధికరిస్తున్న సమయంలో పెట్టుబడులు, వినియోగం నిలకడగా తగ్గుతూ ఉన్నప్పటికీ 2010 లో అనుకూల పెరుగుదల పునరుద్ధరించబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అదే సంవత్సరం అంతరంగిక రుణ € 51 బిలియన్లకు మించిపోయింది. దీనర్థం మొత్తం బల్గేరియన్ కంపెనీలలో 60% రుణపడి ఉంటుందని అర్థం.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2012 నాటికి అది 83 బిలియన్ యూరోలు లేదా జి.డి.పి.లో 227% అధికరించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఐ.ఎం.ఎఫ్., యు.యూ ప్రోత్సాహంతో కొన్ని అనుకూలమైన ఆర్థిక ఫలితాలతో ప్రభుత్వం కఠినమైన చర్యలను అమలు చేసింది. కానీ ఈ చర్యల సాంఘిక పరిణామాలు ఇంటర్నేషనల్ ట్రేడ్ యూనియన్ కాన్ఫెడరేషన్ ప్రకారం "విపత్తు"గా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఆర్థిక వృద్ధికి అవినీతి మరొక అడ్డంకిగా ఉంది. యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్ సభ్యదేశాలలో బల్గేరియా అత్యంత అవినీతి ఉన్న దేశాలలో ఒకటిగా ఉంది. అవినీతి పర్సెప్షన్ ఇండెక్స్‌లో 75 వ స్థానంలో ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అవినీతిని అరికట్టడానికి బలహీనమైన చట్ట అమలు , తక్కువ సామర్ధ్యం కలిగిన పౌర సేవ సవాళ్లుగా ఉన్నాయి. ఏదేమైనా యు.యూ జోక్యం వలన అవినీతికి వ్యతిరేకంగా పోరాటంలో ప్రభుత్వం కేంద్రంగా మారింది. అనేక ప్రభుత్వ కార్యక్రమాల ద్వారా అనేక అవినీతి వ్యతిరేక కార్యక్రమాలు చేపట్టబడ్డాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Bulgaria_export_partners.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bulgaria_export_partners.png/220px-Bulgaria_export_partners.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bulgaria_export_partners.png/330px-Bulgaria_export_partners.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bulgaria_export_partners.png/440px-Bulgaria_export_partners.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>బల్గేరియా (ఆరెంజ్) , దాని ఎగుమతి భాగస్వాములు మొత్తం ఎగుమతులలో వాటా</figcaption></figure> <p>యు.యూలో అత్యల్ప వ్యక్తిగత , కార్పొరేట్ ఆదాయం పన్ను రేట్లు,<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2016 లో జి.డి.పి.లో 28.7% మొత్తం సభ్య దేశాల మూడవ అత్యల్ప ప్రజా రుణం ద్వారా ఆర్థిక కార్యకలాపాలు ప్రోత్సహించబడ్డాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2016 లో జి.డి.పి. (పి.పి.పి) $ 143.1 బిలియన్ల అ.డా ఉన్నట్లు అంచనా వేయబడింది. తలసరి విలువ 20,116 అ.డా డాలర్లు.<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2014 లో తలసరి పి.పి.ఎస్. జి.డి.పి. € 20,600 ($ 27,400 అ.డా ) తో సోఫియా , చుట్టుపక్కల " యుగోజపదేన్ " ప్రణాళిక ప్రాంతం దేశంలో అత్యంత అభివృద్ధి చెందిన ప్రాంతంగా గుర్తించబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా యు.యూ నిధులను స్థిరంగా అందుకుంటుంది. అందుకున్న నిధుల మొత్తం 2009 లో 589 మిలియన్ యూరోలు ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>బల్గేరియాలో 2.45 మిలియన్ల మంది కార్మికులు ఉన్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వీరిలో 7.1% మంది వ్యవసాయ రంగంలో పనిచేస్తున్నారు. 35.2% పరిశ్రమలో పనిచేస్తున్నారు. సేవల రంగంలో 57.7% మంది ఉద్యోగులు పనిచేస్తున్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> లోహాలు , ఖనిజాల సంవిధానం, రసాయనాల తయారీ, యంత్రాలు , వాహన భాగాలు,<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> పెట్రోలియం రిఫైనింగ్,<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఉక్కులు ప్రధాన పారిశ్రామలుగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మైనింగ్ , దాని సంబంధిత పరిశ్రమలు మొత్తం 1,20,000 మంది ఉద్యోగులను కలిగి ఉన్నాయి. దేశం జి.డి.పి.లో 5% ఉత్పత్తి చేస్తాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-Ore_exports_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ore_exports-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా ఐరోపాc ఆరవ అతిపెద్ద బొగ్గు ఉత్పత్తిదారుగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-Ore_exports_157-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ore_exports-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బొగ్గు, ఇనుము, రాగి , సీసం స్థానిక నిక్షేపాలు తయారీ , శక్తి రంగాలకు చాలా ముఖ్యమైనవిగా ఉన్నాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEResource_Base_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEResource_Base-159"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా ఎగుమతుల్లో చమురు ఉత్పత్తులు, రాగి ఉత్పత్తులు , ఔషధ ఉత్పత్తులు వంటి పారిశ్రామిక వస్తువులు ప్రాధాన్యత వహిస్తున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-UNdata_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNdata-160"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా వ్యవసాయ , ఆహార ఉత్పత్తుల నికర ఎగుమతిలో మూడింట రెండొంతులు ఒ.ఇ.సి.డి. ఎగుమతి చేయబడుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది లావెండర్ , రోజ్ ఆయిల్ వంటి పరిమళ ద్రవ్యం నూనెల అతిపెద్ద ప్రపంచ ఉత్పత్తిదారుగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> గత రెండు దశాబ్దాల్లో వ్యవసాయం గణనీయంగా తగ్గింది. 1999 , 2001 మధ్యకాలంలో కంటే 2008 లో ఉత్పత్తి 66% మాత్రమే ఉంది. <sup id="cite_ref-UNdata_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNdata-160"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తృణధాన్యాలు , కూరగాయల దిగుబడి 1990 నుండి దాదాపు 40% తగ్గాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సేవల రంగం, పర్యాటక రంగం ఆర్థిక వృద్ధికి చాలా ముఖ్యమైనదిగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-general_tourism_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general_tourism-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇటీవలి సంవత్సరాల్లో విలాసవంతమైన రిసార్టులు , సముద్రతీరాలను ఆకర్షణీయంగా మార్చడం వలన బల్గేరియా ఆకర్షణీయమైన పర్యాటక గమ్యంగా అభివృద్ధి చెందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> " లోన్లీ ప్లానెట్ " 2011 వర్గీకరణలో బల్గేరియాను 10 అయున్నత పర్యాటక గమ్యాలలో ఒకటిగా వర్గీకరించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అధికంగా సందర్శించే బ్రిటిష్, రోమేనియన్, జర్మన్ , రష్యా పర్యాటకులు అధికంగా ఉన్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> రాజధాని నగరం, మద్యయుగ రాజధాని " వెలికొ టర్నొవొ ",<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సముద్రతీర రిసార్టులు గోల్డెన్ బీచ్ , సన్ని బీచులు , వింటర్ రిసార్టులు బాంస్కొ, పాంపొరొవొ , బొరొవెట్స్ పర్యాటకులు అధికంగా సందర్శించే ప్రాంతాలుగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-general_tourism_164-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general_tourism-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="సైంస్_,_సాంకేతికం"><span id=".E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.88.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.8D_.2C_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.87.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.82"></span>సైంస్ , సాంకేతికం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: సైంస్ , సాంకేతికం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Blue_Gene_main.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer used by several Bulgarian scientific organisations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Blue_Gene_main.JPG/170px-Blue_Gene_main.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Blue_Gene_main.JPG/255px-Blue_Gene_main.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Blue_Gene_main.JPG/340px-Blue_Gene_main.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supercomputer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Supercomputer (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">supercomputer</a> cabinet at NCSA</figcaption></figure> <p>బల్గేరియా పరిశోధన , అభివృద్ధిపై GDP లో 0.95% గడిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1990 నుండి పరిశోధనలో దీర్ఘకాలిక పెట్టుబడుల ఉపసంహరణ అనేక దేశీయ విజ్ఞాన నిపుణులు దేశమును విడిచిపెట్టేలా చేసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తత్ఫలితంగా బల్గేరియా నూతనంగా పోటీతత్వాన్ని , అధిక విలువైన ఎగుమతుల విలువ తక్కువగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> పరిశోధనలు అధికంగా అభివృద్ధి ప్రధాన ప్రాంతాలు శక్తి, నానోటెక్నాలజీ, పురావస్తు , ఔషధం ప్రాధాన్యత వహిస్తున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-R&amp;D_cuts_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R&amp;D_cuts-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ అకాడమీ ఆఫ్ సైన్సెస్ (బి.ఎ.ఎస్) ప్రముఖ శాస్త్రీయ సంస్థలో , అనేక పరిశోధనా సంస్థలలో బల్గేరియన్ పరిశోధకులు ఉద్యోగులుగా ఉన్నారు. బ్ల్గేరియా అంతరిక్షపరిశోధనలో చురుకుగా ఉంది. ఇంటర్నేషనల్ స్పేస్ స్టేషన్‌ , చంద్రయాన్ -1 పరిశోధనలు , రేడియేషన్ మానిటరింగ్ పరిశోధనలు నిర్వహించబడుతున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మీర్ స్పేస్ స్టేషన్లో దేశీయంగా రూపొందించిన స్థలం గ్రీన్హౌస్లలో RADOM-7 రేడియేషన్ పర్యవేక్షణ ప్రయోగాలతో అంతరిక్ష శాస్త్రం రంగంలో చురుకుగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1979 లో బల్గేరియా సోయుజ్ 33 లో జార్జి ఇవానోవ్ విమానంలో అంతరిక్షంలో ఒక వ్యోమగామిని కలిగి ఉన్న 6 వ దేశం అయింది. బల్గేరియా సి.ఇ.ఆర్.ఎన్.లో చురుకైన సభ్యదేశంగా ఉంది. 1999 లో బల్గేరియా నుండి దాదాపు 200 మంది శాస్త్రవేత్తలు సి.ఇ.ఆర్.ఎన్.లో పాల్గొన్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1980 లలో బల్గేరియా "ఈస్ట్రన్ బ్లాక్ ఆఫ్ సిలికాన్ వ్యాలీ"గా పిలవబడింది. ఎందుకంటే దాని భారీ స్థాయి కంప్యూటింగ్ సాంకేతిక పరిజ్ఞానాలు కాంకాన్ దేశాలకు ఎగుమతి చేయబడుతున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఐ.సి.టి రంగం జి.డి.పి.లో 10% అందిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రపంచ ఐ.సి.టి. నిపుణులలో మూడవ వంతు బల్గేరియాలో ఉన్నారు. " నేషనల్ సెంటర్ ఫర్ సూపర్ కంప్యూటింగ్ అప్లికేషంస్ " (ఎన్.సి.ఎస్.ఎ)మాత్రమే ఈశాన్య ఐరోపా‌లో సూపర్ కంప్యూటర్‌ను ఆపరేట్ చేతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2015 లో హై- టెక్ ఎస్.ఎం.ఇ.లో ఉపయోగించడానికి " ది బల్గేరియా అకాడమీ ఆఫ్ సైన్సు " అదనంగా మరొక సూపర్ కంప్యూటర్ కొనుగోలు చేయడానికి యోచిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2000 నుండి ఇంటర్నెట్ వినియోగం వేగంగా అధికరించింది. 2010 లో వినియోగదారుల సంఖ్య 430,000 నుండి 3.4 మిలియన్లకు (48 శాతం వ్యాప్తి రేటు) అధికరించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> టెలిఫోన్ సేవలు విస్తృతంగా అందుబాటులో ఉన్నాయి. ఒక కేంద్ర డిజిటల్ ట్రంక్ లైన్ చాలా ప్రాంతాలను కలుపుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్క్ టెలికమ్యూనికేషన్స్ కంపెనీ (బి.టి.సి), మొబైల్ ఆపరేటర్లు మూడు ఆపరేటర్లు-మెట్ల్, టెలినార్, వివాకోమ్ 90% కన్నా ఎక్కువ స్థిర లైన్లను అందిస్తున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="మౌలిక_నిర్మాణాలు"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B1.8C.E0.B0.B2.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.95_.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A3.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>మౌలిక నిర్మాణాలు</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మౌలిక నిర్మాణాలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Trakiya_highway_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Trakiya motorway, one of the main national motorways" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/220px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/330px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/440px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trakia_motorway&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Trakia motorway (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Trakia motorway</a></figcaption></figure> <p>బల్గేరియా వ్యూహాత్మక భౌగోళిక ఉపస్థితి, బాగా అభివృద్ధి చెందిన శక్తి రంగం బల్గేరియాను ముఖ్యమైన యూరోపియన్ ఇంధన కేంద్రంగా చేస్తాయి. గుర్తించదగ్గ శిలాజ ఇంధన నిక్షేపాలు లేకపోయినా కూడా విద్యుత్తును తయారు చేస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కోజికోయ్ వద్ద అణు విద్యుత్ కేంద్రం చేత విద్యుత్తు వినియోగంలో దాదాపు 34% విద్యుత్ ఉత్పత్తి చేయబడుతున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రజల అభిప్రాయం అణుశక్తి అభివృద్ధికి గట్టిగా మద్దతు ఇస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వాయు, సౌరశక్తి కేంద్రాలు వంటి పునరుత్పాతక శక్తి వేగవంతంగా అభివృద్ధి చేసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వంటి ప్రత్యామ్నాయ ఇంధన వనరుల వేగవంతమైన విస్తరణ బల్గేరియా ప్రపంచంలో వేగంగా అభివృద్ధి చెందుతున్న పవన శక్తి ఉత్పత్తిదారులలో ఒకటిగా చేసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా 2020 నాటికి పునరుత్పాదక ఇంధన వనరుల నుంచి 16% శాతం విద్యుత్ను ఉత్పత్తి చేయాలని లక్ష్యంగా పెట్టుకుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>జాతీయ రహదారి నెట్వర్క్ మొత్తం పొడవు 40,231 కిలోమీటర్లు (24,998 మైళ్ళు)<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 39,587 కిలోమీటర్లు (24,598 మైళ్ళు) నదకబాట చేయబడ్డాయి. ఇటీవల చాలా ప్రధాన రహదారులు ఇటీవల ప్రమాణాలకు అభివేద్ధి చేయబడ్డాయి. రైలుమార్గాలు సరుకు రవాణా రవాణాకు ప్రధాన ఆధారంగా ఉన్నాయి. అయినప్పటికీ రహదారులు సరకు రవాణాకు పెద్ద వాటాను కలిగి ఉంటాయి. బల్గేరియా 6,238 కిలోమీటర్ల (3,876 మైళ్ళు) రైల్వే ట్రాక్ <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కలిగి ఉంది, ప్రస్తుతం మొత్తం 81 కిలోమీటర్ల (50 మైళ్ళు) అధిక-వేగ మార్గాలు పనిచేస్తున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇక్కడ నుండి <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="రొమానియా">రొమానియా</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80" title="టర్కీ">టర్కీ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రీస్">గ్రీస్</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సెర్బియా">సెర్బియాలతో</a> రైల్ లింకులు అందుబాటులో ఉన్నాయి. ఎక్స్ప్రెస్ రైళ్లు కియెవ్, మిన్స్క్, మాస్కో, సెయింట్ పీటర్స్‌బర్గ్‌లకు ప్రత్యక్ష మార్గాలను అందిస్తాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సోఫియా, ప్లోవ్డివ్లు దేశంలోని ఎయిర్ ట్రావెల్ హబ్లుగా ఉన్నాయి. వర్నా, బర్గస్ ప్రధాన సముద్ర వాణిజ్య ఓడరేవులుగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సౌత్ స్ట్రీమ్ పైప్లైన్ సహజ వాయువును పొందేందుకు యు.యూ భూభాగంలో మొదటి స్టేషన్‌గా వార్నా నిర్ణయించబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="గణాంకాలు"><span id=".E0.B0.97.E0.B0.A3.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>గణాంకాలు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: గణాంకాలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2011 జాతీయ జనాభా లెక్కల ప్రకారం బల్గేరియా జనాభా 73,64,570. జనాభాలో ఎక్కువ భాగం, లేదా 72.5 శాతం, పట్టణ ప్రాంతాలలో నివసిస్తారు;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113-203"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మొత్తం జనాభాలో సుమారుగా ఆరింటికిలో ఒక భాగం " సోఫియా " కేంద్రీకృతమై ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20117_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20117-204"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data201112_205-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data201112-205"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>బల్గేరియన్లు ప్రధాన జాతి సమూహంగా ఉన్నారు బలేరియన్లు ఉన్నారు. వీరు జనాభాలో 84.8% ఉన్నారు. టర్కిష్, రోం అల్పసంఖ్యాక ప్రజలు వరుసగా 8.8%, 4.9%, ఉన్నారు; కొన్ని 40 చిన్న అస్ల్పసఖ్యాక జాతి ప్రజలు మొత్తం 0.7% ఉన్నారు. 0.8% జాతి సమూహాలకు స్వీయ-గుర్తింపు లేదు.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114_206-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114-206"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:none"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Distribution of languages of Bulgaria (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:84.5%; overflow:hidden">&#160;&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">84.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkish language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Turkish</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:9.6%; overflow:hidden">&#160;&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">9.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romani_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Romani language (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Roma (Gypsy)</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:4.1%; overflow:hidden">&#160;&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">4.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em">others</td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:0.9%; overflow:hidden">&#160;&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">0.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em">undeclared</td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:0.9%; overflow:hidden">&#160;&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">0.9%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="భాషలు"><span id=".E0.B0.AD.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B7.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>భాషలు</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: భాషలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>అన్ని సంప్రదాయాలకు చెందిన ప్రజలు బల్గేరియన్ మాట్లాడు తుంటారు. ప్రజలందరికీ బల్గేరియన్ మొదటి భాషగా లేక రెండవ భాషగా ఉంది. జనాభాలో 85.2% మందికి బల్గేరియన్ అధికారిక హోదా కలిగిన స్థానిక భాషగా ఉంది. పురాతన వ్రాతభాగా స్లావిక్ భాష ఉంది. బల్గేరియన్ ఈ సమూహంలోని ఇతర భాషలకు నామవాచకాలు, ఇన్ఫినిటివ్స్ లేకపోవడం వంటి కొన్ని వ్యాకరణ లోపాలు ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="అక్షరాశ్యత_,_విద్య"><span id=".E0.B0.85.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B7.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.A4_.2C_.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF"></span>అక్షరాశ్యత , విద్య</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: అక్షరాశ్యత , విద్య"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg/220px-Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg/330px-Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg/440px-Students_67a_lab4_1000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Students at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Technical_University_of_Sofia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Technical University of Sofia (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Technical University of Sofia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>2003 నుండి ప్రభుత్వ అంచనాల ప్రకారం అక్షరాస్యత 98.6% ఉంది. స్త్రీ:పురుషుల మధ్య ఎటువంటి తేడా లేదు. విద్యా ప్రమాణాలు సాంప్రదాయకంగా అధికంగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-210"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయినప్పటికీ యూరోపియన్ నాణ్యతా స్థాయి నుండి గత దశాబ్దం నుండి క్షీణత కొనసాగుతుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-UNICEF_211-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNICEF-211"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా విద్యార్థులు 2001 లో చదివే ప్రధానంగా భావిస్తూ ప్రపంచంలో అత్యంత ఉన్నత స్థాయిలో ఉన్నారు. వారు కెనడియన్, జర్మన్ ప్రత్యర్థుల కంటే మెరుగైన మేధాను ప్రదర్శించారు. 2006 నాటికి గణితం, విజ్ఞాన శాస్త్రంలో విద్యార్థుల ప్రతిభ గణనీయంగా తగ్గింది. విద్య కోసం రాష్ట్ర వ్యయం యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్ సగటు కంటే తక్కువగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-UNICEF_211-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNICEF-211"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2015 నాటి PISA అధ్యయనం 9 వ తరగతి విద్యార్థులలో 41.5% మందిని పఠనం, గణితం, విజ్ఞాన శాస్త్రంలో క్రియాశీలక రహితంగా ఉన్నారని గుర్తించారు.ఈ రంగాలలో బల్గేరియా 72 దేశాలలో 45 వ స్థానంలో ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> విద్య, యువత, సైన్స్ మంత్రిత్వశాఖ పాక్షికంగా నిధులు ప్రభుత్వ పాఠశాలలు, కళాశాలలు, విశ్వవిద్యాలయాల పాఠ్యపుస్తకాలకు ప్రమాణాలు, ముద్రణ ప్రక్రియను పర్యవేక్షిస్తాయి. ప్రభుత్వం ప్రాథమిక, ఉన్నత ప్రభుత్వ పాఠశాలలో ఉచిత విద్యను అందిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_210-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-210"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> విద్యా ప్రక్రియ 12 తరగతులుగా విస్తరించింది. ఇక్కడ తరగతులు ఎనిమిది వరకు ప్రాథమిక, తొమ్మిది పన్నెండు నుండి తొమ్మిదవ స్థాయి ఉంటాయి. ఉన్నత పాఠశాలలు సాంకేతిక, వృత్తి, సాధారణ లేదా ప్రత్యేక విభాగంలో నైపుణ్యం కలిగి ఉండగా, ఉన్నత విద్యలో 4-సంవత్సరాల బ్యాచిలర్ డిగ్రీ, 1-సంవత్సరాల మాస్టర్స్ పట్టా ఉంటుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="మతం"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.82"></span>మతం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మతం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg/220px-Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg/330px-Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg/440px-Theophany_Crucession_in_Bulgaria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Bulgarian Orthodox <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(holiday)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Epiphany (holiday) (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Theophany</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crucession&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Crucession (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Crucession</a></figcaption></figure> <p>బల్గేరియా రాజ్యాంగం అది ఒక లౌకిక రాజ్యంగా మత స్వేచ్ఛకు హామీ ఇస్తుంది. ఆర్థడాక్స్ మతాన్ని తమ "సాంప్రదాయ" మతంగా పేర్కొంటుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ ఆర్థోడాక్స్ చర్చి సా.శ. 927 లో స్వయం సమృద్ధి హోదాను పొందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రస్తుతం 12 డియోసెస్లు, 2,000 మంది పూజారులు ఉన్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మూడు వంతుల కంటే అధికమైన బల్గేరియన్లు " ఈస్టర్న్ ఆర్ధడాక్స్ " మతాన్ని అనుసరిస్తున్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-218"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సున్ని ముస్లింలు రెండవ అతి పెద్ద సమాజంగా మొత్తం జనాభాలో 10% ఉన్నారు. అయితే వారిలో చాలామంది మతాచారాలను అనుసరించడం, ఇస్లామిక్ పాఠశాలలను ఉపయోగించడం లేదు.<sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మూడు శాతం కన్నా తక్కువ శాతం ఇతర మతాల ప్రజలు ఉన్నారు. 11.8% ప్రజలు ఏ మతం ఉన్నట్లు గుర్తించలేదు. 21.8% ప్రజలు వారి మత నమ్మకాలను ప్రకటించటానికి నిరాకరించింది. </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_218-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-218"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ఆరోగ్యం"><span id=".E0.B0.86.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8B.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.82"></span>ఆరోగ్యం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ఆరోగ్యం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియా పన్నులు, చందాల ద్వారా నిధులు సార్వజనిక ఆరోగ్య సంరక్షణ వ్యవస్థకు నిధులు అందిస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-Health_system_220-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Health_system-220"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>" నేషనల్ హెల్త్ ఇన్సూరెన్స్ ఫండ్ " ప్రాథమిక ఆరోగ్య సంరక్షణ ఖర్చుల కొరకు క్రమంగా పెరుగుతున్న భాగాన్ని చెల్లిస్తుంది. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20067_221-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20067-221"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2013 నాటికి అంచనా వేసిన ఆరోగ్య సంరక్షణ వ్యయాలు జి.డి.పి.లో 4.1% ఉంది. <sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1,00,000 మందికి 181 వైద్యులు ఉన్నారు. ఇది యురేపియన్ యూనియన్ సగటు కంటే ఎక్కువగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> కానీ సాధన రంగాల పంపిణీ అసమానంగా ఉంది. నర్సులు, ఇతర వైద్య సిబ్బంది కొరత తీవ్రంగా ఉంది. వైద్య సౌకర్యాల నాణ్యత అత్యంత బలహీనంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> పొరుగు దేశాలలో చికిత్స కోరుతూ వచ్చిన కొంతమంది రోగులు రిసార్టులలో సిబ్బంది కొరత తీవ్రంగా ఉంటారు.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా సగటు ఆయుఃపరిమితి ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా 121 వ స్థానంలో ఉంది. ఇది స్త్రీలు:పురులుషులు 74.5 సంవత్సరాలు ఉంటుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మరణానికి ప్రాథమిక కారణాలుగా ఇతర పారిశ్రామిక దేశాలలో ఉన్నట్లుగా ముఖ్యంగా హృదయ వ్యాధులు, నియోప్లాసెస్, శ్వాసకోశ వ్యాధుల మాదిరిగానే బల్గేరియాలో ఉంటాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-Health_system_220-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Health_system-220"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="జనసఖ్యాభివృద్ధి_,_జననాల_శాతం"><span id=".E0.B0.9C.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.96.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.AD.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.B5.E0.B1.83.E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.A7.E0.B0.BF_.2C_.E0.B0.9C.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2_.E0.B0.B6.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.82"></span>జనసఖ్యాభివృద్ధి , జననాల శాతం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: జనసఖ్యాభివృద్ధి , జననాల శాతం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియా జనాభా సంక్షోభంలో ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BNR_crisis_228-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNR_crisis-228"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇది 1990 ల ప్రారంభం నుండి జనాభా క్షీణత సమస్యను ఎదుర్కొంటున్నది. ఇదుకు ఆర్థిక పతనం, ఒక దీర్ఘ-కాల వలస కారణాలుగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-DW_Entry_229-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DW_Entry-229"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2005 నాటికి దాదాపు 9,37,000 - 12,00,000 మంది ప్రజలు-ఎక్కువగా యువత దేశం విడిచిపెట్టారు.<sup id="cite_ref-DW_Entry_229-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DW_Entry-229"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2013 లో మొత్తం సంతానోత్పత్తి రేటు (TFR) అంచనా వేయబడింది. ఇది ఒక్కొక్క మహిళకు సరాసరి 1.43 పిల్లల జననం ఉంది. ఇది పూర్వం 2.1 గా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అన్ని కుటుంబాలలో మూడింట ఒక కుటుంబంలో ఒక వ్యక్తి మాత్రమే నివసిస్తుంటాడు. 75.5% కుటుంబాలలో 16 ఏళ్ళలోపు పిల్లలు లేరు.<sup id="cite_ref-BNR_crisis_228-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNR_crisis-228"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> తత్ఫలితంగా బల్గేరియా ప్రపంచంలో అత్యంత తక్కువ జనాభా పెరుగుదల, జనన రేటు ఉన్న దేశంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అదే సమయంలో మరణాల రేటు అత్యధికంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> చాలామంది పిల్లలు పెళ్ళి కాని మహిళలకు జన్మించారు (మొత్తం జననాలు 57.4% 2012 లో వివాహం ముందు ఉన్నాయి).<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="సంస్కృతి"><span id=".E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.83.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.BF"></span>సంస్కృతి</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: సంస్కృతి"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Kukeri_E8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bulgarian Kuker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/220px-Kukeri_E8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/330px-Kukeri_E8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/440px-Kukeri_E8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3057" data-file-height="2720" /></a><figcaption><i>Kuker</i> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesichovo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesichovo (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Lesichovo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>ఒట్టోమన్ పరిపాలన ముగింపులో సమకాలీన బల్గేరియన్ సంస్కృతి, అసంఖ్యాక జానపద సంప్రదాయాలతో జాతీయ చైతన్యాన్ని కలిగించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ గ్రామీణ ప్రజలు అనారోగ్యాలను బహిష్కరించడానికి ఆత్మలను ఉపయోగిస్తారు. ఆత్మలను ఉపయోగించే వారిని అధికంగా మాంత్రికులు అంటారు. బల్గేరియన్ జానపదాలలో ఇతర ముఖ్యమైన అంశాలలో జమ్మీ, సామోడివ (వీలా) వంటి ఇతర జీవులు సంరక్షకులు లేదా అసంబద్ధమైన ద్రోహులుగా భావిస్తారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Folk_237-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Folk-237"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దుష్ట ఆత్మలకు వ్యతిరేకంగా కొన్ని ఆచారాలు మనుగడలో ఉన్నాయి. ఇవి ఇప్పటికీ అభ్యసించబడుతున్నాయి. ముఖ్యంగా కుకర్, సురాగారి విధానాలు. <sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మార్టినిసా కూడా విస్తృతంగా జరుపుకుంటారు.<sup id="cite_ref-239" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-239"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> థేరసియన్ మూలానికి సంబంధించిన ఒక సంప్రదాయ థ్రాసియన్ ఆదివాసులు ప్రదర్శించే నెస్టినర్‌స్టో అనే అగ్ని-నృత్యం యునెస్కో ఇంటెంజబుల్ కల్చరల్ హెరిటేజ్ జాబితాలో చేర్చారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Folk_237-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Folk-237"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-240" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-240"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ప్రపంచ_వారసత్వ_సంపద"><span id=".E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.AA.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.9A_.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B5_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.AA.E0.B0.A6"></span>ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ సంపద</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ సంపద"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>యునెస్కో వరల్డ్ హెరిటేజ్ సైట్స్ జాబితాలో తొమ్మిది చారిత్రక, సహజ అంశాలు చేర్చబడ్డాయి. వీటిలో పిరిన్ నేషనల్ పార్క్, శర్బుర్నా నేచర్ రిజర్వ్, మదర రైడర్, స్వేశ్చారి, కజాన్లాక్, రిలా మొనాస్టరీ, బాయ్నా చర్చి, రాక్ వెన్నెత్ చర్చిలు ఇవానోవో, పురాతన నగరం నీస్బార్ ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-241" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-241"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియా పాట్రాన్ సెయింటులు రిలా మొనాస్టరీ, సెయింట్ జాన్ ఆఫ్ రిలా స్థాపించాడు. మధ్యయుగ కాలంలో ఆయన అనేక సాహిత్య అంశాలతో అనుబంధం కలిగి ఉన్నాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="సాహిత్యం"><span id=".E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B9.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.82"></span>సాహిత్యం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: సాహిత్యం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>మధ్య యుగాలలో 10 వ శతాబ్దంలో ప్రెస్లావ్, ఓహ్రిడ్ సాహిత్య పాఠశాలల స్థాపన బల్గేరియన్ సాహిత్యంలో బంగారు కాలంగా భావించబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> క్రైస్తవ గ్రంథాలకు పాఠశాలల ప్రాముఖ్యత ఇవ్వబడింది. బల్గేరియన్ సామ్రాజ్యం స్లావిక్ సంస్కృతిని కేంద్రంగా ఉండేది. స్లావ్లను క్రైస్తవ మతం ప్రభావంలోకి తీసుకురావచ్చి వాటిని ఒక లిఖిత భాషతో అందించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-243" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-243"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ప్రేస్లావ్ లిటరరీ స్కూల్ దాని వర్ణమాలను సిరిలిక్ లిపిలో అభివృద్ధి చేయబడింది.<sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> మరోవైపు టార్నోవో లిటరరీ స్కూల్ సాహిత్యం సిల్వర్ యుగంతో సంబంధం కలిగి ఉంది. అసెన్, షిష్మాన్ వంశీయులు ఆధ్యర్యంలో చారిత్రక, సంగీత రచనల నేపథ్యాలపై ఉన్నత-నాణ్యత కలిగిన వ్రాతప్రతులు సాహిత్యాభివృద్ధికి చిహ్నంగా ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అనేక సాహిత్య, కళాత్మక కళాఖండాలు ఒట్టోమన్ విజేతల చేతిలో నాశనమయ్యాయి. 19 వ శతాబ్దంలో జాతీయ పునరుద్ధరణ వరకు కళాత్మక కార్యకలాపాలు తిరిగి పుంజుకోలేదు.<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఇవాన్ వజోవ్ (1850-1921) ప్రతిష్ఠాత్మక బృందం అన్ని ప్రక్రియలలో నూతనంగా స్థాపించబడిన దేశీయ సాహిత్యంలో పూర్వ లిబరేషన్ రచనలను బుల్గిగ్, బల్గేరియన్ సొసైటీ ప్రతి విభాగాన్ని స్పృజించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> వీటిలో పెన్యో స్లేవేయికోవ్ కవిత్వం నీట్సేషన్, అల్కే కొంస్టినొవ్ రచన బే గన్యో, సిబాలిస్టు కవిత్వం అందించిన పెయో యవోరావ్, డిమౌ డెబ్లెనానోవ్, మార్కిస్టు ప్రభావిత సాహిత్యం అందించిన రచయిత జియో మైల్వ్, నికోలా వాప్టురావ్, సామ్యవాద ప్రేరిత రచనలు డిమిటార్ డిమోవ్, డిమిటార్ తాలెవ్ యొక్క సోషలిస్ట్ వాస్తవిక నవలలు బెయో గాంయో ప్రాధాన్యత కలిగి ఉన్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> టిజ్వెటాన్ టాడోరోవ్ ఒక ప్రసిద్ధ సమకాలీన రచయితగా గుతింపు సాధించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయితే బల్గేరియన్ జన్మించిన ఎలియాస్ కనెట్టి 1981 లో సాహిత్యంలో నోబెల్ బహుమతిని పొందాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-248"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="దృశ్యకళలు"><span id=".E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.83.E0.B0.B6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.B3.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>దృశ్యకళలు</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: దృశ్యకళలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_(geograph_5815020).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/220px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/330px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/440px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>లండన్లోని హైడ్ పార్క్లో క్రిస్టోస్ మాస్టాబా</figcaption></figure> <p>బల్గేరియాలో ఫ్రెస్కోలు, కుడ్యచిత్రాలు చిహ్నాల వంటి మతపరమైన దృశ్యకళల వారసత్వం ఉంది. వీటిని అధికంగా మధ్యయుగ టార్నోవో కళాత్మక పాఠశాల ఉత్పత్తి చేసింది.<sup id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-249"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ జాతీయ పునరుద్ధరణ ఆరంభం వరకు సాహిత్యం వలె దృశ్యకళలు సమైక్యం సాధ్యం కాలేదు. ప్రీ-లిబరేషన్ యుగంలో దృశ్యకళలకు జహారీ జోగ్రాఫ్ మార్గదర్శకత్వం వహించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> లిబరేషన్ తర్వాత ఇవాన్ మ్రిక్విక్కా, ఆంటన్ మిటోవ్, వ్లాదిమిర్ డిమిట్రోవ్, తాంకో లావ్రెనోవ్, జ్లతీయు బాయ్యాడ్జియేవ్ బల్గేరియన్ గ్రామాలు, పాత పట్టణాలు, చారిత్రాత్మక అంశాల నుండి దృశ్యకళలను కొత్త శైలులతో పరిచయం చేశారు. 21 వ శతాబ్దంలో అత్యంత ప్రసిద్ధ బల్గేరియన్ కళాకారుడు క్రిస్టో, అతని బహిరంగ ప్రదర్శనలకు ప్రసిద్ధి చెందారు. <sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="సంగీతం"><span id=".E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.97.E0.B1.80.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.82"></span>సంగీతం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: సంగీతం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>జానపద సంగీతం సంప్రదాయక కళగా సుదూర తూర్పు, ఓరియంటల్, మధ్యయుగ తూర్పు సంప్రదాయ, ప్రామాణిక పాశ్చాత్య యూరోపియన్ స్వరాల, శైలి కలయికగా నెమ్మదిగా అభివృద్ధి చెందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-250" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-250"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ జానపద సంగీతం విలక్షణ ధ్వనిని కలిగించే గదుల్కా, గైడా, కవల్, ట్యుపన్ వంటి విస్తృత సంప్రదాయ వాయిద్యాలను ఉపయోగిస్తుంది. రిథమిక్ సమయం పొడిగించబడడం ఒక విలక్షణమైన లక్షణంగా ఉంటుంది. ఇది మిగిలిన యూరోపియన్ సంగీతంలో సమానమైనది కాదు. <sup id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దేశీయ టెలివిజన్ మహిళా గాత్ర సంగీతం బల్గేరియన్ జానపద సంగీతం ప్రదర్శనలు 1990 లో గ్రామీ అవార్డు గెలుచుకుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-251"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యాయన్ కుకుజెల్ వ్రాసిన సంగీత కూర్పుకు (క్రీ.పూ 1280-1360) <sup id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-252"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1890 లో ఆధునిక శాస్త్రీయ సంగీతం శైలిలో మొట్టమొదటి బల్గేరియన్ ఒపెరాను రూపొందించిన ఇమాన్యుయిల్ మనోలోవ్తో ప్రారంభమైంది.<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> పాంచో వ్లాడిగేరోవ్, పెట్కో స్టానోవ్ సుసంపన్నమైన సింఫనీ చేర్చి బ్యాలెట్, ఒపెరా గాయకులు గోనా డిమిట్రోవా, బోరిస్ హ్రిస్టోవ్, నికోలాయ్ గౌరోవ్ ప్రపంచ స్థాయికి చేరుకున్నారు. <sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-253" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-253"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-254" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-254"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-255" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-255"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>255<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-256" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-256"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>256<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-257" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-257"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>257<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ ప్రదర్శకులు ఎలెక్ట్రోపాప్ (మీరా ఆరోయో), జాజ్ (మిల్సో లెవీవ్), జానపద (ఇవో పాపాజోవ్) మిశ్రమ సంగీతం వంటి ఇతర రకాల్లో కూడా ప్రశంసలు పొందారు.<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="మాధ్యమం"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A7.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.82"></span>మాధ్యమం</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మాధ్యమం"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియన్ జాతీయ రేడియో, రోజువారీ వార్తాపత్రికలు ట్రుడ్, డ్నివ్నిక్, 24 చాసాలతో సహా అతిపెద్ద మీడియా కేంద్రాలలో సాంస్కృతిక కార్యక్రమాలు ప్రచారం చేయబడ్డాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-258" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-258"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2000 ల ఆరంభం నివేదికలో బల్గేరియన్ మాధ్యమాలు సాధారణంగా నిష్పాక్షికమైనవిగా వర్ణించబడ్డాయి. ప్రచురణ మాధ్యమానికి చట్టపరమైన ఆంక్షలు లేవు.<sup id="cite_ref-landscape_259-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-landscape-259"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అయినప్పటికీ ప్రపంచ ప్రెస్ ఫ్రీడమ్ ఇండెక్సులో బల్గేరియా 111 ప్రపంచ ప్రదేశాలలో యూరోపియన్ యూనియన్ సభ్యదేశాలలో, సభ్యత్వం అభ్యర్థి దేశాల కంటే తక్కువగా ఉంది. ప్రభుత్వం మీడియా కేంద్రాలకు ఓదార్పుగా ఐరోపాసమాఖ్య నిధులను మళ్ళించడమే కాకుండా, ఇతరుల విమర్శనాత్మక అంశాలపై తక్కువ కీలకంగా వ్యవహరించింది. అయితే జర్నలిస్టులపై వ్యక్తిగత దాడులు పెరిగాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-RSF_260-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RSF-260"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardian1_261-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian1-261"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>261<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> రాజకీయవేత్తలు, ఒలిగార్చులు, మీడియా మధ్య విస్తారమైన సమైక్యత ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-RSF_260-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RSF-260"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ఆహార_సంస్కృతి"><span id=".E0.B0.86.E0.B0.B9.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B0_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.83.E0.B0.A4.E0.B0.BF"></span>ఆహార సంస్కృతి</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ఆహార సంస్కృతి"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>బల్గేరియన్ వంటకాలు ఇతర బాల్కన్ దేశాలతో సారూప్యత కలిగి బలమైన టర్కిష్, గ్రీక్ వంటలతో ప్రభావితమై ఉన్నాయి. <sup id="cite_ref-Cuisine_262-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cuisine-262"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> యోగర్ట్, లకంకా, బానిట్సా, షాప్స్కా సలాడ్, లటెనిట్సా, కోజునకులు బాగా ప్రసిద్ధి చెందిన స్థానిక ఆహారాలుగా ఉన్నాయి. మౌసాకా, జియువెచ్, బక్లావా వంటి ఓరియంటల్ వంటకాలు కూడా ఉన్నాయి. మాంస వినియోగం యూరోపియన్ సరాసరి కంటే చాలా తక్కువగా ఉంది. ఇది పలు రకాల సలాడ్లకు ముఖ్యమైన ప్రాధాన్యత ఇస్తుంది.<sup id="cite_ref-Cuisine_262-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cuisine-262"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1989 వరకు బల్గేరియా ప్రపంచంలోని రెండవ అతిపెద్ద వైన్ ఎగుమతిదారుగా ఉండి తరువాత ఆ స్థానాన్ని కోల్పోయింది.<sup id="cite_ref-263" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-263"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>263<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-264" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-264"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>264<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2016 నాటి పంట ద్వారా 128 మిలియన్ లీటర్ల వైన్ లభించింది. వీటిలో 62 మిలియన్లు రోమేనియా, పోలాండ్, రష్యాకు ఎగుమతి చేయబడ్డాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-265" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-265"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>265<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ వైన్లో ఉపయోగించే సాధారణంగా మావ్రుడ్, రూబిన్, శిరోకా మెల్నిష్కా, డిమియాట్, చెరెన్ మిస్కేట్ మొదలైన ద్రాక్షలు ఉపయోగిస్తుంటారు.<sup id="cite_ref-266" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-266"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>266<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 14 వ శతాబ్దం ప్రారంభంలో బల్గేరియాలో రకియా అనే సంప్రదాయ పండు బ్రాందీని ఉపయోగించారు.<sup id="cite_ref-267" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-267"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>267<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="క్రీడలు"><span id=".E0.B0.95.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.80.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>క్రీడలు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: క్రీడలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Grigor_Dimitrov_(18697714220).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Grigor Dimitrov in 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/220px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/330px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/440px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2609" data-file-height="2637" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigor_Dimitrov&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grigor Dimitrov (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Grigor Dimitrov</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=2015_Italian_Open_(tennis)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2015 Italian Open (tennis) (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">2015 Italian Open</a></figcaption></figure> <p>1896 లో మొట్టమొదటి ఒలింపిక్ క్రీడలు నిర్వహించిన దేశాలలో బల్గేరియా ఒకటి. ఈ క్రీడలలో అథ్లెటు చార్లెస్ బల్గేరియా చంపౌడ్ జిమ్నాస్టుగా ప్రాతినిధ్యం వహించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-268" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-268"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>268<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> అప్పటి నుండి బల్గేరియన్ క్రీడాకారులు 52 బంగారు పతకాలు, 89 వెండి, 83 కాంస్య పతకాలు గెలుచుకున్నారు.<sup id="cite_ref-269" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-269"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>269<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఆల్-టైమ్ పతకాల పట్టికలో 25 వ స్థానంలో నిలిచారు. బల్గేరియాలో వెయిట్ లిఫ్టింగ్ క్రీడకు చిహ్నంగా ఉంది. 1980 లో కోచ్ ఇవాన్ అబాద్జీవ్ శిక్షణలో తయారైన క్రీడాకారులు బల్గేరియన్ తరఫున పాల్గొని అంతర్జాతీయ, ఒలంపిక్ చాంపియనులను చేసి వినూత్న శిక్షణా విధానాలను అభివృద్ధి చేయడంలో కీలకపాత్ర పోషించాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-Sport_270-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sport-270"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> బల్గేరియన్ అథ్లెట్లు కుస్తీ, బాక్సింగ్, జిమ్నాస్టిక్స్, వాలీబాల్, టెన్నిస్ లలో కూడా అద్భుత ప్రతిభ చూపారు. <sup id="cite_ref-Sport_270-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sport-270"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1987 వరల్డ్ ఛాంపియన్షిప్పులలో 2.09 మీటర్ల (6 అడుగుల 10 అంగుళాలు) మహిళల హై జంపులో స్టెక్కా కోస్తాడినోవా ప్రపంచ రికార్డును సాధించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-271" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-271"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> గ్రిగర్ డిమిట్రోవ్ టాప్ 10 ఎ.టి.పి. ర్యాంకింగులో మొదటి బల్గేరియన్ టెన్నిస్ ఆటగాడుగా గుర్తింపు పొందాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-272" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-272"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>బల్గేరియాలో ఫుట్బాల్ అత్యంత ప్రజాదరణ పొందింది. 1994 లో ఎఫ్.ఐ.ఎఫ్.ఎ. వరల్డ్ కప్పులో బల్గేరియా జాతీయ ఫుట్ బాల్ జట్టు అత్యుత్తమ ప్రతిభ చూపి సెమీ-ఫైనలుకు చేరుకుంది. ఈ బృందం ముందుకు హిస్టోస్టో స్టోయిచ్కోవ్ కారణంగా ముందుకు సాగింది. <sup id="cite_ref-Sport_270-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sport-270"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> స్టోయిచ్కోవ్ అత్యంత విజయవంతమైన బల్గేరియన్ ఆటగాడుగా ఉన్నాడు. ఆయన గోల్డెన్ బూట్, గోల్డెన్ బాల్ అవార్డులు అందుకున్నాడు. ఆయన 1990 లలో ఎఫ్.సి. బార్సిలోనా తరఫున క్రీడలో పాల్గొని ప్రపంచంలో ఉత్తమమైన వాటిలో ఒకటిగా పరిగణించబడ్డాడు.<sup id="cite_ref-273" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-273"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>273<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-274" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-274"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>274<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> సి.ఎస్.కె.ఎ, లెవ్స్కలకు సోఫియా స్వస్థలంగా ఉంది.<sup id="cite_ref-Sport_270-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sport-270"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> దేశీయ క్లబ్లులు దీర్ఘకాలంగా విజయవంతంగా నిర్వహించబడుతున్నాయి.<sup id="cite_ref-275" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-275"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>275<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> లూడోగోరేట్స్ కేవలం తొమ్మిది సంవత్సరాలో 2014-15 యు.ఇ.ఎఫ్.ఎ. ఛాంపియన్స్ లీగ్ గ్రూపుకు చేరి గుర్తింపు పొందింది.<sup id="cite_ref-276" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-276"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ఆమె 2018 లో 39 వ స్థానానికి చేరుకుంది. యు.ఇ.ఎఫ్.ఎ.లో బల్గేరియా క్లబ్బు అత్యధిక ర్యాంకు సాధించింది.<sup id="cite_ref-277" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-277"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="సుప్రసిద్ధ_వ్యక్తులు"><span id=".E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A6.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.A7_.E0.B0.B5.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.A4.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>సుప్రసిద్ధ వ్యక్తులు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: సుప్రసిద్ధ వ్యక్తులు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97" title="బాబా వాంగ">బాబా వాంగ</a> - ప్రపంచ ప్రసిద్ధ జ్యోతిష్కురాలు</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ఇవి_కూడా_చూడండి"><span id=".E0.B0.87.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.BF_.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.BE_.E0.B0.9A.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.A1.E0.B0.BF"></span>ఇవి కూడా చూడండి</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: ఇవి కూడా చూడండి"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B_%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="బల్గేరియాలో హిందూమతం">బల్గేరియాలో హిందూమతం</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="మూలాలు"><span id=".E0.B0.AE.E0.B1.82.E0.B0.B2.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>మూలాలు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: మూలాలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4300226">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195751/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">"CIA - The World Factbook - Bulgaria"</a>. Cia.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">the original</a> on 2016-10-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=CIA+-+The+World+Factbook+-+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Cia.gov&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fbu.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3236.htm">"Bulgaria (07/08)"</a>. State.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%2807%2F08%29&amp;rft.pub=State.gov&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F3236.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_3-1">3.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_3-2">3.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_3-3">3.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_3-4">3.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&amp;ey=2008&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=918&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&amp;grp=0&amp;a=&amp;pr.x=69&amp;pr.y=10">"Bulgaria"</a>. International Monetary Fund<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2008%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fsy%3D2006%26ey%3D2008%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D918%26s%3DNGDPD%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPGDP%252CPPPPC%252CLP%26grp%3D0%26a%3D%26pr.x%3D69%26pr.y%3D10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="te" dir="ltr">ఉల్లేఖన లోపం: చెల్లని <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> ట్యాగు; "imf2" అనే పేరును విభిన్న కంటెంటుతో అనేక సార్లు నిర్వచించారు</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dobrev, Petar. "Езикът на Аспаруховите и Куберовите българи". 1995. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Bg_icon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="మూస:Bg icon (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">మూస:Bg icon</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bakalov, Georgi. <i>Малко известни факти от историята на древните българи</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.protobulgarians.com/Statii%20ot%20drugi%20avtori/Bakalov-1.htm">Part 1</a> &amp; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.protobulgarians.com/Statii%20ot%20drugi%20avtori/Bakalov-2.htm">Part 2</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Bg_icon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="మూస:Bg icon (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">మూస:Bg icon</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurov-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurov_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFGurov2007" class="citation web cs1">Gurov, Dilian (March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014084810/https://www.nada.kth.se/~dilian/bulgars.pdf">"The Origins of the Bulgars"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p.&#160;3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nada.kth.se/~dilian/bulgars.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-10-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+the+Bulgars&amp;rft.pages=3&amp;rft.date=2007-03&amp;rft.aulast=Gurov&amp;rft.aufirst=Dilian&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nada.kth.se%2F~dilian%2Fbulgars.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bowersock, Glen W. &amp; al. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&amp;pg=PA354">Late Antiquity: a Guide to the Postclassical World</a></i>, p. 354. Harvard University Press, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-674-51173-5" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-674-51173-5">0-674-51173-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karataty, Osman. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h_Qu1ywX0-wC">In Search of the Lost Tribe: the Origins and Making of the Croatian Nation</a></i>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFSlavchev2004–2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Slavchev, Vladimir (2004–2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://revistapontica.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/pontica-37-38-pag-9-20.pdf"><i>Monuments of the final phase of Cultures Hamangia and Savia on the territory of Bulgaria</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Vol.&#160;37–38. pp.&#160;9–20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Monuments+of+the+final+phase+of+Cultures+Hamangia+and+Savia+on+the+territory+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=9-20&amp;rft.date=2004%2F2005&amp;rft.aulast=Slavchev&amp;rft.aufirst=Vladimir&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frevistapontica.files.wordpress.com%2F2009%2F10%2Fpontica-37-38-pag-9-20.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">&#124;work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="సహాయం:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFChapman2000" class="citation book cs1">Chapman, John (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fragmentationina0000chap"><i>Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places, and Broken Objects</i></a>. Routledge. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fragmentationina0000chap/page/239">239</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-415-15803-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-415-15803-9"><bdi>978-0-415-15803-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Fragmentation+in+Archaeology%3A+People%2C+Places%2C+and+Broken+Objects&amp;rft.pages=239&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-415-15803-9&amp;rft.aulast=Chapman&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffragmentationina0000chap&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFRobertsThornton2009" class="citation web cs1">Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://britishmuseum.academia.edu/BenjaminRoberts/Papers/340888/Development_of_metallurgy_in_Eurasia">"Development of metallurgy in Eurasia"</a>. Department of Prehistory and Europe, <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="British Museum (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">British Museum</a>. p.&#160;1015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2012</span>. <q>In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Development+of+metallurgy+in+Eurasia&amp;rft.pages=1015&amp;rft.pub=Department+of+Prehistory+and+Europe%2C+British+Museum&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.aulast=Roberts&amp;rft.aufirst=Benjamin+W.&amp;rft.au=Thornton%2C+Christopher+P.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbritishmuseum.academia.edu%2FBenjaminRoberts%2FPapers%2F340888%2FDevelopment_of_metallurgy_in_Eurasia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFSigfried_J._de_Laet1996" class="citation book cs1">Sigfried J. de Laet, ed. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=BnY0KYbJC6wC&amp;pg=PA97&amp;dq=history+of+metallurgy+bulgaria#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria&amp;f=false"><i>History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century BC</i></a>. UNESCO / Routledge. p.&#160;99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-92-3-102811-3" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-92-3-102811-3"><bdi>978-92-3-102811-3</bdi></a>. <q>The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria&#160;...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+Humanity%3A+From+the+Third+Millennium+to+the+Seventh+Century+BC&amp;rft.pages=99&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO+%2F+Routledge&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.isbn=978-92-3-102811-3&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DBnY0KYbJC6wC%26pg%3DPA97%26dq%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bmetallurgy%2Bbulgaria%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFGrande2009" class="citation book cs1">Grande, Lance (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C&amp;pg=PA290&amp;dq=varna+necropolis+oldest#v=onepage&amp;q=varna%20necropolis%20oldest&amp;f=false"><i>Gems and gemstones: Timeless natural beauty of the mineral world</i></a>. The University of Chicago Press. p.&#160;292. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-226-30511-0" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-226-30511-0"><bdi>978-0-226-30511-0</bdi></a>. <q>The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600BC and 4,200BC).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gems+and+gemstones%3A+Timeless+natural+beauty+of+the+mineral+world&amp;rft.pages=292&amp;rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-226-30511-0&amp;rft.aulast=Grande&amp;rft.aufirst=Lance&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DRnE9Fa4pbn0C%26pg%3DPA290%26dq%3Dvarna%2Bnecropolis%2Boldest%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dvarna%2520necropolis%2520oldest%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/arcnat/harsova/en/dobro3.htm">"The Gumelnita Culture"</a>. Government of France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>The Necropolis at Varna is an important site in understanding this culture.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Gumelnita+Culture&amp;rft.pub=Government+of+France&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2Fculture%2Farcnat%2Fharsova%2Fen%2Fdobro3.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CENTCOM-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-0">15.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-1">15.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_15-2">15.2</a></sup></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="te" dir="ltr">ఉల్లేఖన లోపం: చెల్లని <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> ట్యాగు; <code>CENTCOM</code> అనే పేరుగల ref లలో పాఠ్యమేమీ ఇవ్వలేదు</span></li> <li id="cite_note-EBBulgars-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBBulgars_16-0">16.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBBulgars_16-1">16.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84067/Bulgar">"Bulgar (people)"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgar+%28people%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84067%2FBulgar&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBoardmanEdwardsSollberger1982" class="citation book cs1">Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Sollberger, E. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=vXljf8JqmkoC&amp;pg=PA53&amp;dq=Yet+we+cannot+identify+the+Thracians#v=onepage&amp;q=Yet%20we%20cannot%20identify%20the%20Thracians&amp;f=false"><i>The Cambridge Ancient History – part1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC</i></a>. Vol.&#160;3. Cambridge University Press. p.&#160;53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0521224969" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0521224969"><bdi>0521224969</bdi></a>. <q>Yet we cannot identify the Thracians at that remote period, because we do not know for certain whether the Thracian and Illyrian tribes had separated by then. It is safer to speak of Proto-Thracians from whom there developed in the Iron Age...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Ancient+History+%E2%80%93+part1%3A+The+Prehistory+of+the+Balkans%2C+the+Middle+East+and+the+Aegean+World%2C+Tenth+to+Eighth+Centuries+BC&amp;rft.pages=53&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft.isbn=0521224969&amp;rft.aulast=Boardman&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft.au=Edwards%2C+I.E.S.&amp;rft.au=Sollberger%2C+E.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DvXljf8JqmkoC%26pg%3DPA53%26dq%3DYet%2Bwe%2Bcannot%2Bidentify%2Bthe%2BThracians%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DYet%2520we%2520cannot%2520identify%2520the%2520Thracians%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFIvanov2007" class="citation book cs1">Ivanov, Lyubomir (2007). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Essential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages"><i>ESSENTIAL HISTORY OF BULGARIA IN SEVEN PAGES</i></a>. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. p.&#160;2. <q>In particular, in the mid-4th century a group of Goths settled in the region of Nikopolis ad Istrum (present Nikyup near Veliko Tarnovo in northern Bulgaria), where their leader Bishop Wulfila (Ulfilas) invented the Gothic alphabet and translated the Holy Bible into Gothic to produce the first book written in Germanic language.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=ESSENTIAL+HISTORY+OF+BULGARIA+IN+SEVEN+PAGES&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Ivanov&amp;rft.aufirst=Lyubomir&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEssential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFHockJoseph1996" class="citation book cs1">Hock, Hans Heinrich; Joseph, Brian D. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=oGH-RCW1fzsC&amp;pg=PA49&amp;lpg=PA49&amp;dq=gothic+bible+oldest+germanic#v=onepage&amp;q=gothic%20bible%20oldest%20germanic&amp;f=false"><i>Language History, Language Change and Language Relationship: an introduction to historical and comparative linguistics</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter &amp; Co. p.&#160;49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/3-11-014784-X" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/3-11-014784-X"><bdi>3-11-014784-X</bdi></a>. <q>The oldest extensive text is a Gothic Bible translation produced by the Gothic bishop Wulfilas (meaning 'Little Wolf') in the 4th century</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Language+History%2C+Language+Change+and+Language+Relationship%3A+an+introduction+to+historical+and+comparative+linguistics&amp;rft.pages=49&amp;rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+%26+Co.&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.isbn=3-11-014784-X&amp;rft.aulast=Hock&amp;rft.aufirst=Hans+Heinrich&amp;rft.au=Joseph%2C+Brian+D.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DoGH-RCW1fzsC%26pg%3DPA49%26lpg%3DPA49%26dq%3Dgothic%2Bbible%2Boldest%2Bgermanic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dgothic%2520bible%2520oldest%2520germanic%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liternet.bg/publish10/eshopova/manastiryt.htm">"The monastery in the village of Zlatna Livada – the oldest in Europe"</a> (in Bulgarian). LiterNet. 30 April 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+monastery+in+the+village+of+Zlatna+Livada+%E2%80%93+the+oldest+in+Europe&amp;rft.pub=LiterNet&amp;rft.date=2004-04-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liternet.bg%2Fpublish10%2Feshopova%2Fmanastiryt.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFD._Angelov1971" class="citation web cs1">D. Angelov (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/da/da_summary.htm">"The Formation of the Bulgarian Nation"</a>. Наука и изкуство, "Векове". pp.&#160;409–410.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Formation+of+the+Bulgarian+Nation&amp;rft.pages=409-410&amp;rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%2C+%22%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%22&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft.au=D.+Angelov&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kroraina.com%2Fknigi%2Fda%2Fda_summary.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning1988" class="citation book cs1">Browning, Robert (1988). <i>Byzantium and Bulgaria</i>. Studia Slavico-Byzantina et Mediaevalia Europensia. Vol.&#160;I. pp.&#160;32–36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Byzantium+and+Bulgaria&amp;rft.series=Studia+Slavico-Byzantina+et+Mediaevalia+Europensia&amp;rft.pages=32-36&amp;rft.date=1988&amp;rft.aulast=Browning&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFTrever1939" class="citation book cs1">Trever, Albert Augustus (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.196995"><i>History of Ancient Civilization</i></a>. Harcourt, Brace. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.196995/page/n584">571</a>. <q>The Thracian interior, however, was never really Romanized or even Hellenized</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+Ancient+Civilization&amp;rft.pages=571&amp;rft.pub=Harcourt%2C+Brace&amp;rft.date=1939&amp;rft.aulast=Trever&amp;rft.aufirst=Albert+Augustus&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.196995&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFZlatarski1938" class="citation book cs1">Zlatarski, Vasil (1938). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/vz1a/vz1a_a_1.html"><i>History of the First Bulgarian Empire. Period of Hunnic-Bulgarian domination (679–852)</i></a> (in Bulgarian). p.&#160;188.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+the+First+Bulgarian+Empire.+Period+of+Hunnic-Bulgarian+domination+%28679%E2%80%93852%29&amp;rft.pages=188&amp;rft.date=1938&amp;rft.aulast=Zlatarski&amp;rft.aufirst=Vasil&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kroraina.com%2Fknigi%2Fvz1a%2Fvz1a_a_1.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFRunciman1930" class="citation book cs1">Runciman, Steven (1930). <i>A History of the First Bulgarian Empire</i>. G. Bell and Sons. p.&#160;26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+First+Bulgarian+Empire&amp;rft.pages=26&amp;rft.pub=G.+Bell+and+Sons&amp;rft.date=1930&amp;rft.aulast=Runciman&amp;rft.aufirst=Steven&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFIvanov2007" class="citation book cs1">Ivanov, Lyubomir (2007). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Essential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages"><i>ESSENTIAL HISTORY OF BULGARIA IN SEVEN PAGES</i></a>. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. pp.&#160;2–3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=ESSENTIAL+HISTORY+OF+BULGARIA+IN+SEVEN+PAGES&amp;rft.pages=2-3&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Ivanov&amp;rft.aufirst=Lyubomir&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEssential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/323896/Krum">"Krum (Bulgar khan)"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Krum+%28Bulgar+khan%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F323896%2FKrum&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42725/The-spread-of-Christianity">"The Spread of Christianity"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2014</span>. <q>Although Boris's baptism was into the Eastern church, he subsequently wavered between Rome and Constantinople until the latter was persuaded to grant de facto autonomy to Bulgaria in church affairs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=The+Spread+of+Christianity&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42725%2FThe-spread-of-Christianity&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCrampton2007" class="citation book cs1">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram"><i>Bulgaria</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram/page/13">13</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-19-954158-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-19-954158-4"><bdi>978-0-19-954158-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=13&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&amp;rft.aulast=Crampton&amp;rft.aufirst=R.J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbulgaria00cram&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42725/The-spread-of-Christianity">"Reign of Simeon I"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2014</span>. <q>Bulgaria's conversion had a political dimension, for it contributed both to the growth of central authority and to the merging of Bulgars and Slavs into a unified Bulgarian people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Reign+of+Simeon+I&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42725%2FThe-spread-of-Christianity&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RCJ_BG-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RCJ_BG_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCrampton2007" class="citation book cs1">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram"><i>Bulgaria</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram/page/12">12</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-19-954158-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-19-954158-4"><bdi>978-0-19-954158-4</bdi></a>. <q>No single act did more, in the long run, to weld Christian Slav and Proto-Bulgar into a Bulgarian people than the conversion of 864.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&amp;rft.aulast=Crampton&amp;rft.aufirst=R.J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbulgaria00cram&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_First_Golden_Age">The First Golden Age</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_First_Golden_Age (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spread-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Spread_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42725/The-spread-of-Christianity">"Reign of Simeon I"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>Under Simeon's successors Bulgaria was beset by internal dissension provoked by the spread of Bogomilism (a dualist religious sect) and by assaults from Magyars, Pechenegs, the Rus, and Byzantines.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Reign+of+Simeon+I&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42725%2FThe-spread-of-Christianity&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning1975" class="citation book cs1">Browning, Robert (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantiumbulgari0000brow"><i>Byzantium and Bulgaria</i></a>. Temple Smith. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantiumbulgari0000brow/page/194">194</a>–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-85117-064-1" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-85117-064-1"><bdi>0-85117-064-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Byzantium+and+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=194-5&amp;rft.pub=Temple+Smith&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.isbn=0-85117-064-1&amp;rft.aulast=Browning&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbyzantiumbulgari0000brow&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42726/Reign-of-Simeon-I?anchor=ref476455">"Reign of Simeon I"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Reign+of+Simeon+I&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42726%2FReign-of-Simeon-I%3Fanchor%3Dref476455&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9065243/Samuel">"Samuel"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Samuel&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9065243%2FSamuel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFScylitzae1973" class="citation book cs1">Scylitzae, Ioannis (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ioannisscylitzae00thur"><i>Synopsis Historiarum</i></a> (Hans Thurn&#160;ed.). p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ioannisscylitzae00thur/page/457">457</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-3-11-002285-8" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-3-11-002285-8"><bdi>978-3-11-002285-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Synopsis+Historiarum&amp;rft.pages=457&amp;rft.edition=Hans+Thurn&amp;rft.date=1973&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-11-002285-8&amp;rft.aulast=Scylitzae&amp;rft.aufirst=Ioannis&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fioannisscylitzae00thur&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">&#124;work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="సహాయం:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFPavlov,_Plamen2005" class="citation web cs1">Pavlov, Plamen (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liternet.bg/publish13/p_pavlov/buntari/zagovorite.htm">"The plots of 'master Presian the Bulgarian'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Rebels and adventurers in medieval Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian). LiterNet<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>And, in the Spring of 1018, "the party of capitulation" prevailed and Basil II freely entered the then capital of Bulgaria Ochrid.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Rebels+and+adventurers+in+medieval+Bulgaria&amp;rft.atitle=The+plots+of+%27master+Presian+the+Bulgarian%27&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.au=Pavlov%2C+Plamen&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liternet.bg%2Fpublish13%2Fp_pavlov%2Fbuntari%2Fzagovorite.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ostrog-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ostrog_39-0">39.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ostrog_39-1">39.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFOstrogorsky1969" class="citation book cs1">Ostrogorsky, Georg (1969). <i>History of the Byzantine State</i>. Rutgers University Press. p.&#160;311.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+the+Byzantine+State&amp;rft.pages=311&amp;rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft.aulast=Ostrogorsky&amp;rft.aufirst=Georg&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCameron2006" class="citation book cs1">Cameron, Averil (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantines00came"><i>The Byzantines</i></a>. Blackwell Publishing. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantines00came/page/n186">170</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1-4051-9833-2" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1-4051-9833-2"><bdi>978-1-4051-9833-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Byzantines&amp;rft.pages=170&amp;rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4051-9833-2&amp;rft.aulast=Cameron&amp;rft.aufirst=Averil&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbyzantines00came&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42727/The-second-Bulgarian-empire?anchor=ref476458">"Bulgaria – Second Bulgarian Empire"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Second+Bulgarian+Empire&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42727%2FThe-second-Bulgarian-empire%3Fanchor%3Dref476458&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_42-0">42.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_42-1">42.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_42-2">42.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_42-3">42.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFJames_David_Bourchier1911" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_David_Bourchier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="James David Bourchier (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">James David Bourchier</a> (1911). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Bulgaria/History">"History of Bulgaria"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica 1911<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+1911&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rft.au=James+David+Bourchier&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2FBulgaria%2FHistory&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFIvanov2007" class="citation book cs1">Ivanov, Lyubomir (2007). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Essential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages"><i>ESSENTIAL HISTORY OF BULGARIA IN SEVEN PAGES</i></a>. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. p.&#160;4. <q>The capital Tarnovo became a political, economic, cultural and religious centre seen as 'the third Rome' in contrast to Constantinople's decline after the Byzantine heartland in Asia Minor was lost to the Turks during the late 11th century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=ESSENTIAL+HISTORY+OF+BULGARIA+IN+SEVEN+PAGES&amp;rft.pages=4&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Ivanov&amp;rft.aufirst=Lyubomir&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEssential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110916221127/http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Mongolia.html">"The Golden Horde"</a>. Library of Congress Mongolia country study. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Mongolia.html">the original</a> on 16 సెప్టెంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 29 జనవరి 2018</span>. <q>The Mongols maintained sovereignty over eastern Russia from 1240 to 1480, and they controlled the upper Volga area, the territories of the former Volga Bulghar state, Siberia, the northern Caucasus, <b>Bulgaria (for a time)</b>, the Crimea, and Khwarizm</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Golden+Horde&amp;rft.pub=Library+of+Congress+Mongolia+country+study&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shsu.edu%2F~his_ncp%2FMongolia.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ottoman_rule-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-0">45.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-1">45.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_45-2">45.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42728/Ottoman-rule">"Bulgaria – Ottoman rule"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>With the capture of a rump Bulgarian kingdom centred at Bdin (Vidin) in 1396, the last remnant of Bulgarian independence disappeared.&#160;... The Bulgarian nobility was destroyed—its members either perished, fled, or accepted Islam and Turkicization—and the peasantry was enserfed to Turkish masters.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Ottoman+rule&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42728%2FOttoman-rule&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jireček-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jireček_46-0">46.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jireček_46-1">46.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFJireček1876" class="citation book cs1">Jireček, K. J. (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=VBhThVLpc4MC&amp;pg=PA88"><i>Geschichte der Bulgaren</i></a> (in German). Nachdr. d. Ausg. Prag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/3-487-06408-1" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/3-487-06408-1"><bdi>3-487-06408-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Geschichte+der+Bulgaren&amp;rft.pub=Nachdr.+d.+Ausg.+Prag&amp;rft.date=1876&amp;rft.isbn=3-487-06408-1&amp;rft.aulast=Jire%C4%8Dek&amp;rft.aufirst=K.+J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DVBhThVLpc4MC%26pg%3DPA88&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMinkov2004" class="citation book cs1">Minkov, Anton (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=zQsB_AghBKkC&amp;pg=PA8&amp;lpg=PA8&amp;dq=conversation+to+islam+to+the+balkans#v=onepage&amp;q=conclusion&amp;f=false"><i>Conversion to Islam in the Balkans: Kisve Bahası – Petitions and Ottoman Social Life, 1670–1730</i></a>. BRILL. p.&#160;193. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/90-04-13576-6" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/90-04-13576-6"><bdi>90-04-13576-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Conversion+to+Islam+in+the+Balkans%3A+Kisve+Bahas%C4%B1+%E2%80%93+Petitions+and+Ottoman+Social+Life%2C+1670%E2%80%931730&amp;rft.pages=193&amp;rft.pub=BRILL&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=90-04-13576-6&amp;rft.aulast=Minkov&amp;rft.aufirst=Anton&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DzQsB_AghBKkC%26pg%3DPA8%26lpg%3DPA8%26dq%3Dconversation%2Bto%2Bislam%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bbalkans%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dconclusion%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFDetrez2008" class="citation book cs1">Detrez, Raymond (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=htMUx8qlWCMC&amp;pg=PA47&amp;dq=millet++bulgarian+identity+detrez#v=onepage&amp;q=Smith%2C%20A.%20The%20Ethnic%20Origins%20of%20Nations.%20&amp;f=false"><i>Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans</i></a>. Peter Lang Publishers. p.&#160;36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/90-5201-374-8" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/90-5201-374-8"><bdi>90-5201-374-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Europe+and+the+Historical+Legacies+in+the+Balkans&amp;rft.pages=36&amp;rft.pub=Peter+Lang+Publishers&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=90-5201-374-8&amp;rft.aulast=Detrez&amp;rft.aufirst=Raymond&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DhtMUx8qlWCMC%26pg%3DPA47%26dq%3Dmillet%2B%2Bbulgarian%2Bidentity%2Bdetrez%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSmith%252C%2520A.%2520The%2520Ethnic%2520Origins%2520of%2520Nations.%2520%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFFishman2010" class="citation book cs1">Fishman, Joshua A. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=7oAUeUVtc58C&amp;pg=PA276&amp;dq=there+were+almost+no+remnants+of+a+Bulgarian+ethnic+identity;#v=onepage&amp;q=there%20were%20almost%20no%20remnants%20of%20a%20Bulgarian%20ethnic%20identity%3B&amp;f=false"><i>"Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity," Disciplinary and Regional Perspectives</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-19-537492-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-19-537492-4"><bdi>0-19-537492-4</bdi></a>. <q>There were almost no remnants of a Bulgarian ethnic identity; the population defined itself as Christians, according to the Ottoman system of millets, that is, communities of religious beliefs. The first attempts to define a Bulgarian ethnicity started at the beginning of the 19th century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%22Handbook+of+Language+and+Ethnic+Identity%2C%22+Disciplinary+and+Regional+Perspectives&amp;rft.pages=276&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=0-19-537492-4&amp;rft.aulast=Fishman&amp;rft.aufirst=Joshua+A.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D7oAUeUVtc58C%26pg%3DPA276%26dq%3Dthere%2Bwere%2Balmost%2Bno%2Bremnants%2Bof%2Ba%2BBulgarian%2Bethnic%2Bidentity%3B%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dthere%2520were%2520almost%2520no%2520remnants%2520of%2520a%2520Bulgarian%2520ethnic%2520identity%253B%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFRoudometofRobertson2001" class="citation book cs1">Roudometof, Victor; Robertson, Roland (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=I9p_m7oXQ00C&amp;pg=PA68&amp;dq=rum+millet+identity#v=onepage&amp;q=rum%20millet%20identity&amp;f=false"><i>Nationalism, globalization, and orthodoxy: the social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.&#160;68–71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-313-31949-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-313-31949-9"><bdi>0-313-31949-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nationalism%2C+globalization%2C+and+orthodoxy%3A+the+social+origins+of+ethnic+conflict+in+the+Balkans&amp;rft.pages=68-71&amp;rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=0-313-31949-9&amp;rft.aulast=Roudometof&amp;rft.aufirst=Victor&amp;rft.au=Robertson%2C+Roland&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DI9p_m7oXQ00C%26pg%3DPA68%26dq%3Drum%2Bmillet%2Bidentity%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Drum%2520millet%2520identity%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCrampton1987" class="citation book cs1">Crampton, R. J. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=iL06AAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA5&amp;lpg=PA5&amp;dq=Bulgarians+had+established+a+form+of+national+cultural+consciousness.+Though+far+from+the+nationalism+of+the+nineteenth+century,+with+its+concepts+of+popular+sovereignty+and+organised+political+movements,+this+sense+of+identity+was+strong+enough+to+preserve+the+concept+of+Bulgaria+as+a+distinct+religious,+cultural+and,+perhaps,+political+entity.#v=onepage&amp;q=Bulgarians%20had%20established%20a%20form%20of%20national%20cultural%20consciousness.%20Though%20far%20from%20the%20nationalism%20of%20the%20nineteenth%20century%2C%20with%20its%20concepts%20of%20popular%20sovereignty%20and%20organised%20political%20movements%2C%20this%20sense%20of%20identity%20was%20strong%20enough%20to%20preserve%20the%20concept%20of%20Bulgaria%20as%20a%20distinct%20religious%2C%20cultural%20and%2C%20perhaps%2C%20political%20entity.&amp;f=false"><i>Modern Bulgaria</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p.&#160;8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-521-27323-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-521-27323-4"><bdi>0-521-27323-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=8&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.isbn=0-521-27323-4&amp;rft.aulast=Crampton&amp;rft.aufirst=R.+J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DiL06AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA5%26lpg%3DPA5%26dq%3DBulgarians%2Bhad%2Bestablished%2Ba%2Bform%2Bof%2Bnational%2Bcultural%2Bconsciousness.%2BThough%2Bfar%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bnationalism%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bnineteenth%2Bcentury%2C%2Bwith%2Bits%2Bconcepts%2Bof%2Bpopular%2Bsovereignty%2Band%2Borganised%2Bpolitical%2Bmovements%2C%2Bthis%2Bsense%2Bof%2Bidentity%2Bwas%2Bstrong%2Benough%2Bto%2Bpreserve%2Bthe%2Bconcept%2Bof%2BBulgaria%2Bas%2Ba%2Bdistinct%2Breligious%2C%2Bcultural%2Band%2C%2Bperhaps%2C%2Bpolitical%2Bentity.%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DBulgarians%2520had%2520established%2520a%2520form%2520of%2520national%2520cultural%2520consciousness.%2520Though%2520far%2520from%2520the%2520nationalism%2520of%2520the%2520nineteenth%2520century%252C%2520with%2520its%2520concepts%2520of%2520popular%2520sovereignty%2520and%2520organised%2520political%2520movements%252C%2520this%2520sense%2520of%2520identity%2520was%2520strong%2520enough%2520to%2520preserve%2520the%2520concept%2520of%2520Bulgaria%2520as%2520a%2520distinct%2520religious%252C%2520cultural%2520and%252C%2520perhaps%252C%2520political%2520entity.%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCarvalho2007" class="citation book cs1">Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jR98-Ata0CkC&amp;pg=PA260&amp;dq=bulgarians+lost+ethnic+millet+national#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgarians%20ethnic%20millet%20national&amp;f=false"><i>Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence</i></a>. Edizioni Plus. p.&#160;261. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/88-8492-464-2" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/88-8492-464-2"><bdi>88-8492-464-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Religion+and+Power+in+Europe%3A+Conflict+and+Convergence&amp;rft.pages=261&amp;rft.pub=Edizioni+Plus&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=88-8492-464-2&amp;rft.aulast=Carvalho&amp;rft.aufirst=Joaquim&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjR98-Ata0CkC%26pg%3DPA260%26dq%3Dbulgarians%2Blost%2Bethnic%2Bmillet%2Bnational%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgarians%2520ethnic%2520millet%2520national%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42730/Ottoman-administration">"Bulgaria – Ottoman administration"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Ottoman+administration&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42730%2FOttoman-administration&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_54-0">54.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_54-1">54.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Final_Move_to_Independence">The Final Move to Independence</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Final_Move_to_Independence (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=125840">"Reminiscence from Days of Liberation*"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 3 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Reminiscence+from+Days+of+Liberation%2A&amp;rft.date=2011-03-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D125840&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_56-0">56.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_56-1">56.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence">San Stefano, Berlin and Independence</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBlamires2006" class="citation book cs1">Blamires, Cyprian (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=nvD2rZSVau4C&amp;pg=PA107&amp;dq=bulgaria+fascist+parties+and+organizations#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20fascist%20parties%20and%20organizations&amp;f=false"><i>World Fascism: A historical encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p.&#160;107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/1-57607-941-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/1-57607-941-4"><bdi>1-57607-941-4</bdi></a>. <q>The "Greater Bulgaria" re-established in March 1878 on the lines of the medieval Bulgarian empire after liberation from Turkish rule did not last long.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=World+Fascism%3A+A+historical+encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=107&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=1-57607-941-4&amp;rft.aulast=Blamires&amp;rft.aufirst=Cyprian&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnvD2rZSVau4C%26pg%3DPA107%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bfascist%2Bparties%2Band%2Borganizations%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520fascist%2520parties%2520and%2520organizations%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMrŭchkov2011" class="citation book cs1">Mrŭchkov, Vasil (2011). <i>Labour Law in Bulgaria</i>. Kluwer Law International. p.&#160;120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-9-041-13616-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-9-041-13616-9"><bdi>978-9-041-13616-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Labour+Law+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=120&amp;rft.pub=Kluwer+Law+International&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-9-041-13616-9&amp;rft.aulast=Mr%C5%ADchkov&amp;rft.aufirst=Vasil&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFSygkelos2011" class="citation book cs1">Sygkelos, Yannis (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalismfroml00sygk"><i>Nationalism from the Left: The Bulgarian Communist Party During the Second World War and the Early Post-War Years</i></a>. Brill. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalismfroml00sygk/page/n236">220</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-9-004-19208-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-9-004-19208-9"><bdi>978-9-004-19208-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nationalism+from+the+Left%3A+The+Bulgarian+Communist+Party+During+the+Second+World+War+and+the+Early+Post-War+Years&amp;rft.pages=220&amp;rft.pub=Brill&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-9-004-19208-9&amp;rft.aulast=Sygkelos&amp;rft.aufirst=Yannis&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnationalismfroml00sygk&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCProfile-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BBCProfile_60-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1061402.stm">"Timeline: Bulgaria – A chronology of key events"</a>. BBC News. 6 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Timeline%3A+Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+A+chronology+of+key+events&amp;rft.date=2010-05-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2Fcountry_profiles%2F1061402.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting_61-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHistorical_Setting">Historical Setting</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHistorical_Setting (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCrampton2007" class="citation book cs1">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram"><i>Bulgaria</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgaria00cram/page/174">174</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-19-954158-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-19-954158-4"><bdi>978-0-19-954158-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=174&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&amp;rft.aulast=Crampton&amp;rft.aufirst=R.J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbulgaria00cram&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFDillon1920" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Emile Joseph (February 1920). "XV". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/4/4/7/14477/14477-h/14477-h.htm"><i>The Inside Story of the Peace Conference</i></a>. Harper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-3-8424-7594-6" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-3-8424-7594-6"><bdi>978-3-8424-7594-6</bdi></a>. <q>The territorial changes which the Prussia of the Balkans was condemned to undergo are neither very considerable nor unjust.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=XV&amp;rft.btitle=The+Inside+Story+of+the+Peace+Conference&amp;rft.pub=Harper&amp;rft.date=1920-02&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-8424-7594-6&amp;rft.aulast=Dillon&amp;rft.aufirst=Emile+Joseph&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirrorservice.org%2Fsites%2Fftp.ibiblio.org%2Fpub%2Fdocs%2Fbooks%2Fgutenberg%2F1%2F4%2F4%2F7%2F14477%2F14477-h%2F14477-h.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFPinon1913" class="citation book cs1">Pinon, Rene (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=xL9DAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=prusse+des+balkans&amp;dq=prusse+des+balkans"><i>L'Europe et la Jeune Turquie: les aspects nouveaux de la question d'Orient</i></a> (in French). Perrin et cie. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1-144-41381-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1-144-41381-9"><bdi>978-1-144-41381-9</bdi></a>. <q>On a dit souvent de la Bulgarie qu'elle est la Prusse des Balkans</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%27Europe+et+la+Jeune+Turquie%3A+les+aspects+nouveaux+de+la+question+d%27Orient&amp;rft.pub=Perrin+et+cie&amp;rft.date=1913&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-144-41381-9&amp;rft.aulast=Pinon&amp;rft.aufirst=Rene&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DxL9DAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dprusse%2Bdes%2Bbalkans%26dq%3Dprusse%2Bdes%2Bbalkans&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFTuckerWood1996" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, Spencer C; Wood, Laura (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=EHI3PCjDtsUC&amp;pg=PA172&amp;dq=Direct+and+Indirect+Costs+of+the+Great+World+War&amp;cd=5#v=onepage&amp;q=Direct%20and%20Indirect%20Costs%20of%20the%20Great%20World%20War&amp;f=false"><i>The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Taylor &amp; Francis. p.&#160;173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-8153-0399-8" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-8153-0399-8"><bdi>0-8153-0399-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+European+Powers+in+the+First+World+War%3A+An+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=173&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.isbn=0-8153-0399-8&amp;rft.aulast=Tucker&amp;rft.aufirst=Spencer+C&amp;rft.au=Wood%2C+Laura&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DEHI3PCjDtsUC%26pg%3DPA172%26dq%3DDirect%2Band%2BIndirect%2BCosts%2Bof%2Bthe%2BGreat%2BWorld%2BWar%26cd%3D5%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DDirect%2520and%2520Indirect%2520Costs%2520of%2520the%2520Great%2520World%2520War%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBroadberryKlein2008" class="citation web cs1">Broadberry, Stephen; Klein, Alexander (8 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120622094503/http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">"Aggregate and Per Capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000: Continental, Regional and National Data with Changing Boundaries"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Economics at the University of Warwick, Coventry. p.&#160;18. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 జూన్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 29 జనవరి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Aggregate+and+Per+Capita+GDP+in+Europe%2C+1870%E2%80%932000%3A+Continental%2C+Regional+and+National+Data+with+Changing+Boundaries&amp;rft.pages=18&amp;rft.pub=Department+of+Economics+at+the+University+of+Warwick%2C+Coventry&amp;rft.date=2008-02-08&amp;rft.aulast=Broadberry&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft.au=Klein%2C+Alexander&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepr.org%2Fmeets%2Fwkcn%2F1%2F1699%2Fpapers%2FBroadberry_Klein.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/greatwar/resources/casdeath_pop.html">"WWI Casualty and Death Tables"</a>. PBS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=WWI+Casualty+and+Death+Tables&amp;rft.pub=PBS&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fgreatwar%2Fresources%2Fcasdeath_pop.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mintchev_1999_124-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mintchev_1999_124_68-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMintchev1999" class="citation journal cs1">Mintchev, Vesselin (October 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117012418/http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&amp;id=473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB">"External Migration in Bulgaria"</a>. <i>South-East Europe Review</i> (3/99): 124. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&amp;id=473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB">the original</a> on 17 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=South-East+Europe+Review&amp;rft.atitle=External+Migration+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.issue=3%2F99&amp;rft.pages=124&amp;rft.date=1999-10&amp;rft.aulast=Mintchev&amp;rft.aufirst=Vesselin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Faspx%2Fgetdocument.aspx%3Flogid%3D5%26id%3D473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFChenoweth2010" class="citation book cs1">Chenoweth, Erica (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=JyD_AmGnu34C&amp;pg=PA129&amp;dq=bulgaria+refugees+economy#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20refugees%20economy&amp;f=false"><i>Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict</i></a>. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p.&#160;129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-262-01420-5" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-262-01420-5"><bdi>978-0-262-01420-5</bdi></a>. <q>Bulgaria, for example, had a net surplus of refugees and was faced with the daunting task of absorbing thousands of Bulgarian refugees from Greece over a relatively short period. While international loans from the Red Cross and other organizations helped to defray the substantial costs of accommodating surplus populations, it placed a strenuous financial burden on states that were still recovering from the war an experiencing economic downturn as well as political upheaval.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Rethinking+Violence%3A+States+and+Non-State+Actors+in+Conflict&amp;rft.pages=129&amp;rft.pub=Belfer+Center+for+Science+and+International+Affairs&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-262-01420-5&amp;rft.aulast=Chenoweth&amp;rft.aufirst=Erica&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DJyD_AmGnu34C%26pg%3DPA129%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Brefugees%2Beconomy%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520refugees%2520economy%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance_70-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance">Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis_71-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWartime_Crisis">Wartime Crisis</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWartime_Crisis (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFPavlowitch2008" class="citation book cs1">Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=R8d2409V9tEC&amp;pg=PA239&amp;dq=puppet++State+in+Macedonia++1944+mihailov"><i>Hitler's new disorder: the Second World War in Yugoslavia</i></a>. Columbia University Press. pp.&#160;238–240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-231-70050-4" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-231-70050-4"><bdi>0-231-70050-4</bdi></a>. <q>When Bulgaria switched sides in September...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+new+disorder%3A+the+Second+World+War+in+Yugoslavia&amp;rft.pages=238-240&amp;rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=0-231-70050-4&amp;rft.aulast=Pavlowitch&amp;rft.aufirst=Stevan+K.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DR8d2409V9tEC%26pg%3DPA239%26dq%3Dpuppet%2B%2BState%2Bin%2BMacedonia%2B%2B1944%2Bmihailov&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCrampton2005" class="citation book cs1">Crampton, R. J. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&amp;pg=PA271&amp;dq=referendum+bulgaria+1946#"><i>A concise history of Bulgaria</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p.&#160;271. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/0-521-61637-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/0-521-61637-9"><bdi>0-521-61637-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+concise+history+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=271&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=0-521-61637-9&amp;rft.aulast=Crampton&amp;rft.aufirst=R.+J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DYlz4fe7757cC%26pg%3DPA271%26dq%3Dreferendum%2Bbulgaria%2B1946%23&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hanna_Arendt_Center-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Hanna_Arendt_Center_74-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hanna Arendt Center in Sofia, with Dinyu Sharlanov and Venelin I. Ganev. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ustrcr.cz/data/pdf/konference/zlociny-komunismu/COUNTRY%20REPORT%20BULGARIA.pdf">Crimes Committed by the Communist Regime in Bulgaria</a>. Country report. "Crimes of the Communist Regimes" Conference. 24–26 February 2010, Prague.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Valentino, Benjamin A (2005). Final solutions: mass killing and genocide in the twentieth century. Cornell University Press. pp. 91–151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rummel, Rudolph, Statistics of Democide, 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results_77-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results">Domestic Policy and Its Results</a>Quote: "...real wages increased 75 percent, consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables increased markedly, medical facilities and doctors became available to more of the population..."<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin_78-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAfter_Stalin">After Stalin</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAfter_Stalin (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_BroadberryAlexander_Klein2011" class="citation web cs1">Stephen Broadberry; Alexander Klein (27 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120622094503/http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">"Aggregate and per capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. pp.&#160;23, 27. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 జూన్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 29 జనవరి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Aggregate+and+per+capita+GDP+in+Europe%2C+1870%E2%80%932000&amp;rft.pages=23%2C+27&amp;rft.date=2011-10-27&amp;rft.au=Stephen+Broadberry&amp;rft.au=Alexander+Klein&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepr.org%2Fmeets%2Fwkcn%2F1%2F1699%2Fpapers%2FBroadberry_Klein.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFVachkovIvanov2008" class="citation book cs1">Vachkov, Daniel; Ivanov, Martin (2008). <i>Bulgarian Foreign Debt 1944–1989</i>. Siela. pp.&#160;103, 153, 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/9789542803072" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/9789542803072"><bdi>9789542803072</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Foreign+Debt+1944%E2%80%931989&amp;rft.pages=103%2C+153%2C+191&amp;rft.pub=Siela&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9789542803072&amp;rft.aulast=Vachkov&amp;rft.aufirst=Daniel&amp;rft.au=Ivanov%2C+Martin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy_81-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Economy">The Economy</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Economy (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s_82-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s">The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFBohlen1991" class="citation news cs1">Bohlen, Celestine (17 October 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/17/world/bulgaria-vote-gives-key-role-to-ethnic-turks.html">"Vote Gives Key Role to Ethnic Turks"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>in 1980s&#160;... the Communist leader, Todor Zhivkov, began a campaign of cultural assimilation that forced ethnic Turks to adopt Slavic names, closed their mosques and prayer houses and suppressed any attempts at protest. One result was the mass exodus of more than 300,000 ethnic Turks to neighboring Turkey in 1989</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Vote+Gives+Key+Role+to+Ethnic+Turks&amp;rft.date=1991-10-17&amp;rft.aulast=Bohlen&amp;rft.aufirst=Celestine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F10%2F17%2Fworld%2Fbulgaria-vote-gives-key-role-to-ethnic-turks.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120424003955/http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/06/01/us-bulgaria-muslims-idUSTRE55001C20090601">"Cracks show in Bulgaria's Muslim ethnic model"</a>. Reuters. 31 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2009/06/01/us-bulgaria-muslims-idUSTRE55001C20090601">the original</a> on 24 ఏప్రిల్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Cracks+show+in+Bulgaria%27s+Muslim+ethnic+model&amp;rft.date=2009-05-31&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2009%2F06%2F01%2Fus-bulgaria-muslims-idUSTRE55001C20090601&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics_85-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGovernment_and_Politics">Government and Politics</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGovernment_and_Politics (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=117822">"Bulgarian Politicians Discuss First Democratic Elections 20y After"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 5 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgarian+Politicians+Discuss+First+Democratic+Elections+20y+After&amp;rft.date=2010-07-05&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D117822&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bg.mondediplo.com/article181.html">"The destructive Bulgarian transition"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde_diplomatique&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Monde diplomatique (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Le Monde diplomatique</a></i> (in Bulgarian). 1 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Le+Monde+diplomatique&amp;rft.atitle=The+destructive+Bulgarian+transition&amp;rft.date=2007-10-01&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbg.mondediplo.com%2Farticle181.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_news" title="మూస:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFWorld_Socialist_Web_Site2001" class="citation web cs1">World Socialist Web Site (24 July 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2001/jul2001/bulg-j24.shtml">"Ex-King Simeon II named new prime minister of Bulgaria"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Ex-King+Simeon+II+named+new+prime+minister+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.date=2001-07-24&amp;rft.au=World+Socialist+Web+Site&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsws.org%2Farticles%2F2001%2Fjul2001%2Fbulg-j24.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_89-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</a>, p.&#160;16.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180110084411/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr05_complete.pdf">"Human Development Index Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United Nations. 2005. p.&#160;220. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR05_complete.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 జనవరి 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Human+Development+Index+Report&amp;rft.pages=220&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FHDR05_complete.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> Compare with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr04_complete.pdf">2004 Report</a>, page 140. Retrieved 4 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nato-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nato_91-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="te" dir="ltr">ఉల్లేఖన లోపం: చెల్లని <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> ట్యాగు; <code>nato</code> అనే పేరుగల ref లలో పాఠ్యమేమీ ఇవ్వలేదు</span></li> <li id="cite_note-VOA-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-VOA_92-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="te" dir="ltr">ఉల్లేఖన లోపం: చెల్లని <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> ట్యాగు; <code>VOA</code> అనే పేరుగల ref లలో పాఠ్యమేమీ ఇవ్వలేదు</span></li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFPenin2007" class="citation book cs1">Penin, Rumen (2007). <i>Природна география на България</i>. Bulvest 2000. p.&#160;18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-954-18-0546-6" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-954-18-0546-6"><bdi>978-954-18-0546-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.pages=18&amp;rft.pub=Bulvest+2000&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-954-18-0546-6&amp;rft.aulast=Penin&amp;rft.aufirst=Rumen&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span>(in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-94">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122132200/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=105#bu">"Countries ranked by area"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=105#bu">the original</a> on 22 నవంబరు 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.atitle=Countries+ranked+by+area&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2147rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D105%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_95-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195751/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">"Bulgaria"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">the original</a> on 1 అక్టోబరు 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fbu.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Мусала". <i>Българска енциклопедия А-Я</i> (in Bulgarian). Bulgarian Academy of Sciences / Trud. 2002. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/954-8104-08-3" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/954-8104-08-3"><bdi>954-8104-08-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/163361648">163361648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%90-%D0%AF&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences+%2F+Trud&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F163361648&amp;rft.isbn=954-8104-08-3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFDonchev2004" class="citation book cs1">Donchev, D. (2004). <i>Geography of Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian). Ciela. p.&#160;68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/954-649-717-7" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/954-649-717-7"><bdi>954-649-717-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Geography+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=68&amp;rft.pub=Ciela&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=954-649-717-7&amp;rft.aulast=Donchev&amp;rft.aufirst=D.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_98-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</a>, p.&#160;4.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071008104939/http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">"Extreme temperature records worldwide"</a>. MeteorologyClimate. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">the original</a> on 8 అక్టోబరు 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Extreme+temperature+records+worldwide&amp;rft.pub=MeteorologyClimate&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteorologyclimate.com%2Fextreme-temperature-records.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/status_of_ratification/items/2613.php">"Status of Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol"</a>. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Status+of+Ratification+of+the+Kyoto+Protocol&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations+Framework+Convention+on+Climate+Change&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funfccc.int%2Fkyoto_protocol%2Fstatus_of_ratification%2Fitems%2F2613.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=106682">"Bulgaria Achieves Kyoto Protocol Targets – IWR Report"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 11 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Achieves+Kyoto+Protocol+Targets+%E2%80%93+IWR+Report&amp;rft.date=2009-08-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D106682&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFKanev2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kanev, Petar (2009). "България от Космоса: сеч, пожари, бетон&#160;... и надежда". <i>*8* Magazine</i> (in Bulgarian) (2). Klub 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%2A8%2A+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%3A+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%2C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%2C+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD+...+%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.aulast=Kanev&amp;rft.aufirst=Petar&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_journal" title="మూస:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/15/business/international/bulgarias-air-is-dirtiest-in-europe-study-finds-followed-by-poland.html?hp&amp;_r=0">"Bulgaria's Air Is Dirtiest in Europe, Study Finds, Followed by Poland"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 15 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+Air+Is+Dirtiest+in+Europe%2C+Study+Finds%2C+Followed+by+Poland&amp;rft.date=2013-10-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F10%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Finternational%2Fbulgarias-air-is-dirtiest-in-europe-study-finds-followed-by-poland.html%3Fhp%26_r%3D0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=89367">"High Air Pollution to Close Downtown Sofia"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 14 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=High+Air+Pollution+to+Close+Downtown+Sofia&amp;rft.date=2008-01-14&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D89367&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=117439">"Bulgaria's Sofia, Plovdiv Suffer Worst Air Pollution in Europe"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 23 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria%27s+Sofia%2C+Plovdiv+Suffer+Worst+Air+Pollution+in+Europe&amp;rft.date=2010-06-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D117439&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ESI-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ESI_106-0">106.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ESI_106-1">106.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esiweb.org/index.php?lang=en&amp;id=379">"Bulgaria's quest to meet the environmental acquis"</a>. European Stability Initiative. 10 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+quest+to+meet+the+environmental+acquis&amp;rft.pub=European+Stability+Initiative&amp;rft.date=2008-12-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esiweb.org%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Den%26id%3D379&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EEA-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EEA_107-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/industrial-facilities-causing-the-highest-damage#tab-daviz-tabular">"Industrial facilities causing the highest damage costs to health and the environment"</a>. European Environment Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Industrial+facilities+causing+the+highest+damage+costs+to+health+and+the+environment&amp;rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fdata-and-maps%2Fdaviz%2Findustrial-facilities-causing-the-highest-damage%23tab-daviz-tabular&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126085127/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/waste/documents/Municipal_%20waste_%20recycled_1000t_%20update_%20website1801101.mht">"Municipal waste recycling 1995–2008 (1000 tonnes)"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurostat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurostat (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Eurostat</a>. 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/waste/documents/Municipal_%20waste_%20recycled_1000t_%20update_%20website1801101.mht">the original</a> on 26 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 19 ఫిబ్రవరి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Municipal+waste+recycling+1995%E2%80%932008+%281000+tonnes%29&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fportal%2Fpage%2Fportal%2Fwaste%2Fdocuments%2FMunicipal_%2520waste_%2520recycled_1000t_%2520update_%2520website1801101.mht&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnevnik.bg/pazari/2010/06/28/924505_purviiat_zavod_za_reciklirane_na_elektrouredi_veche/?ref=rss">"The first factory for recycling of electronic appliances now works"</a>. <i>Dnevnik</i>. 28 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Dnevnik&amp;rft.atitle=The+first+factory+for+recycling+of+electronic+appliances+now+works&amp;rft.date=2010-06-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnevnik.bg%2Fpazari%2F2010%2F06%2F28%2F924505_purviiat_zavod_za_reciklirane_na_elektrouredi_veche%2F%3Fref%3Drss&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120505092852/http://epi.yale.edu/epi2012/rankings">"2012 Environmental Performance Index"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yale_University&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yale University (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Yale University</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epi.yale.edu/epi2012/rankings">the original</a> on 5 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=2012+Environmental+Performance+Index&amp;rft.pub=Yale+University&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepi.yale.edu%2Fepi2012%2Frankings&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/bg/soertopic_view?topic=freshwater">"Report on European Environment Agency about the quality of freshwaters in Europe"</a>. European Environment Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Report+on+European+Environment+Agency+about+the+quality+of+freshwaters+in+Europe&amp;rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fsoer%2Fcountries%2Fbg%2Fsoertopic_view%3Ftopic%3Dfreshwater&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biodiversity-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-biodiversity_112-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130427002409/http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">"Характеристика на флората и растителността на България"</a>. Bulgarian-Swiss program by biodiversity. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">the original</a> on 27 ఏప్రిల్ 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian-Swiss+program+by+biodiversity&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flora.biodiversity.bg%2Fbg_flora_fr.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna_113-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesco-bg.org/file_store/2._bogatstvobr_25.1.10.pdf">"Видово разнообразие на България"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. UNESCO report.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO+report&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesco-bg.org%2Ffile_store%2F2._bogatstvobr_25.1.10.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111102101145/http://www.gorabg-magazine.info/bg/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=14&amp;showall=1">"The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations"</a>. <i>Gora Magazine</i>. June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gorabg-magazine.info/bg/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=14&amp;showall=1">the original</a> on 2 నవంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Gora+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=The+future+of+Bulgaria%27s+natural+parks+and+their+administrations&amp;rft.date=2010-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gorabg-magazine.info%2Fbg%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D14%26showall%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> (in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/">"Europe &amp; North America: 297 biosphere reserves in 36 countries"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNESCO&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="UNESCO (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">UNESCO</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Europe+%26+North+America%3A+297+biosphere+reserves+in+36+countries&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fnew%2Fen%2Fnatural-sciences%2Fenvironment%2Fecological-sciences%2Fbiosphere-reserves%2Feurope-north-america%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Bulgaria#Environment">"Bulgaria – Environmental Summary, UNData, United Nations"</a>. United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Environmental+Summary%2C+UNData%2C+United+Nations&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2FCountryProfile.aspx%3FcrName%3DBulgaria%23Environment&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120123102516/http://www.sz.government.bg/pressmsg.php?id=1776">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The living eternity" tells about the century-old oak in the village of Granit"</a> (in Bulgarian). Stara Zagora Local Government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sz.government.bg/pressmsg.php?id=1776">the original</a> on 23 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 19 ఫిబ్రవరి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%22The+living+eternity%22+tells+about+the+century-old+oak+in+the+village+of+Granit&amp;rft.pub=Stara+Zagora+Local+Government&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sz.government.bg%2Fpressmsg.php%3Fid%3D1776&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB_Bio-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB_Bio_118-0">118.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EB_Bio_118-1">118.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42692/Plant-and-animal-life">"Bulgaria: Plant and animal life"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica Online<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Plant+and+animal+life&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42692%2FPlant-and-animal-life&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130427002409/http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">"Characteristics of the flora and vegetation in Bulgaria"</a>. Bulgarian-Swiss Foundation for the Protection of Biodiversity. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">the original</a> on 27 ఏప్రిల్ 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Characteristics+of+the+flora+and+vegetation+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian-Swiss+Foundation+for+the+Protection+of+Biodiversity&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flora.biodiversity.bg%2Fbg_flora_fr.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> (in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Denchev, C. &amp; Assyov, B. Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes ın Bulgaria. Mycotaxon 111: 279–282 (2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zgf.de/?projectId=95&amp;id=65&amp;language=en">"Brown bear conservation in Bulgaria"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frankfurt_Zoological_Society&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Frankfurt Zoological Society (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Frankfurt Zoological Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Brown+bear+conservation+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Frankfurt+Zoological+Society&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zgf.de%2F%3FprojectId%3D95%26id%3D65%26language%3Den&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426071740/http://www.birdsofeurope.org/news.php?pageNum_News=1&amp;totalRows_News=2424&amp;l=bg&amp;id=859">"The big return of the lynx in Bulgaria"</a>. BirdsOfEurope. 23 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birdsofeurope.org/news.php?pageNum_News=1&amp;totalRows_News=2424&amp;l=bg&amp;id=859">the original</a> on 26 ఏప్రిల్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+big+return+of+the+lynx+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=BirdsOfEurope&amp;rft.date=2009-05-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birdsofeurope.org%2Fnews.php%3FpageNum_News%3D1%26totalRows_News%3D2424%26l%3Dbg%26id%3D859&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span> (in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430050257/http://enrin.grida.no/biodiv/biodiv/national/bulgaria/index.htm">"Biodiversity in Bulgaria"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enrin.grida.no/biodiv/biodiv/national/bulgaria/index.htm">the original</a> on 30 ఏప్రిల్ 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 19 ఫిబ్రవరి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Biodiversity+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenrin.grida.no%2Fbiodiv%2Fbiodiv%2Fnational%2Fbulgaria%2Findex.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/bg/soertopic_view?topic=biodiversity">"Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe"</a>. European Environment Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Report+on+European+Environment+Agency+about+the+Nature+protection+and+biodiversity+in+Europe&amp;rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fsoer%2Fcountries%2Fbg%2Fsoertopic_view%3Ftopic%3Dbiodiversity&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCIA_World_Factbook2017" class="citation web cs1">CIA World Factbook (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/bulgaria/economy_profile.html">"Bulgaria Economy Profile 2017"</a>. CIA World Factbook<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Economy+Profile+2017&amp;rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.au=CIA+World+Factbook&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indexmundi.com%2Fbulgaria%2Feconomy_profile.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110318125456/http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups">"World Bank: Data and Statistics: Country Groups"</a>. The World Bank Group. 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups">the original</a> on 18 మార్చి 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World+Bank%3A+Data+and+Statistics%3A+Country+Groups&amp;rft.pub=The+World+Bank+Group&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Fabout%2Fcountry-classifications%2Fcountry-and-lending-groups&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710020431/http://www.usaid.gov/pubs/cbj2002/ee/bg/">"Bulgaria Overview"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=USAID&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USAID (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">USAID</a>. 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usaid.gov/pubs/cbj2002/ee/bg/">the original</a> on 10 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Overview&amp;rft.pub=USAID&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usaid.gov%2Fpubs%2Fcbj2002%2Fee%2Fbg%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42756/Late-communist-rule">"Bulgaria – Late Communist rule"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>Bulgaria gave the highest priority to scientific and technological advancement and the development of trade skills appropriate to an industrial state. In 1948 approximately 80 percent of the population drew their living from the soil, but by 1988 less than one-fifth of the labour force was engaged in agriculture, with the rest concentrated in industry and the service sector.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Late+Communist+rule&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84090%2FBulgaria%2F42756%2FLate-communist-rule&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Economies-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Economies_129-0">129.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Economies_129-1">129.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/een/005/article_4326_en.htm">"The economies of Bulgaria and Romania"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="European Commission (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">European Commission</a>. January 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+economies+of+Bulgaria+and+Romania&amp;rft.pub=European+Commission&amp;rft.date=2007-01&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feconomy_finance%2Feen%2F005%2Farticle_4326_en.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>OECD Economic Surveys</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OECD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OECD (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">OECD</a>. 1999. p.&#160;24. <q>The previous 1997 Economic Survey of Bulgaria documented how a combination of difficult initial conditions, delays in structural reforms,&#160;... culminated in the economic crisis of 1996–97.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=OECD+Economic+Surveys&amp;rft.pages=24&amp;rft.pub=OECD&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://btvnovinite.bg/article/bulgaria/ikonomika/srednata-rabotna-zaplata-raste-do-1036lv.html">"Average monthly wages and salaries in March 2017"</a>. BTV<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Average+monthly+wages+and+salaries+in+March+2017&amp;rft.pub=BTV&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbtvnovinite.bg%2Farticle%2Fbulgaria%2Fikonomika%2Fsrednata-rabotna-zaplata-raste-do-1036lv.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121224023912/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-20122012-AP/EN/3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF">"One out of six employees in the EU27 was a low-wage earner in 2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Eurostat. 20 డిసెంబరు 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-20122012-AP/EN/3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 డిసెంబరు 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=One+out+of+six+employees+in+the+EU27+was+a+low-wage+earner+in+2010&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft.date=2012-12-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fcache%2FITY_PUBLIC%2F3-20122012-AP%2FEN%2F3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114182710/http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/HBS2011p_en.pdf">"Households Income, Expenditure and Consumption in 2011"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Statistical Institute. 17 April 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/HBS2011p_en.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 నవంబరు 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Households+Income%2C+Expenditure+and+Consumption+in+2011&amp;rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute&amp;rft.date=2012-04-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2FEPDOCS%2FHBS2011p_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114234654/http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/themes/06_shadow_economy.pdf">"SHADOW ECONOMY"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Eurostat. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/themes/06_shadow_economy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 నవంబరు 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=SHADOW+ECONOMY&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurope2020%2Fpdf%2Fthemes%2F06_shadow_economy.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tec00114">"GDP per capita in PPS"</a>. Eurostat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=GDP+per+capita+in+PPS&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtec00114&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tec00120">"Comparative price levels"</a>. Eurostat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Comparative+price+levels&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtec00120&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnb.bg/Statistics/StExternalSector/StExchangeRates/StERFixed/index.htm">"Fixed currency exchange rates"</a>. Bulgarian National Bank<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fixed+currency+exchange+rates&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Bank&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnb.bg%2FStatistics%2FStExternalSector%2FStExchangeRates%2FStERFixed%2Findex.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euinside.eu/en/news/bulgaria-is-testing-the-ground-for-euro-area-accession">"Bulgaria Is Testing the Ground for Euro Area Accession: EU"</a>. euinside.eu. 21 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Is+Testing+the+Ground+for+Euro+Area+Accession%3A+EU&amp;rft.date=2016-10-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euinside.eu%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fbulgaria-is-testing-the-ground-for-euro-area-accession&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=teilm020&amp;tableSelection=1&amp;plugin=1">"Unemployment rate"</a>. Eurostat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Unemployment+rate&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dteilm020%26tableSelection%3D1%26plugin%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eurostat_crisis-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Eurostat_crisis_140-0">140.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Eurostat_crisis_140-1">140.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516143140/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do%3Bjsessionid%3D9ea7974b30dd8549af6fd90a4215b5a4bd09638f55ac.e34SbxiPb3uSb40Lb34LaxqRb30Ne0?tab=table&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tsieb020">"Real GDP growth rate – volume"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurostat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurostat (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Eurostat</a>. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do;jsessionid=9ea7974b30dd8549af6fd90a4215b5a4bd09638f55ac.e34SbxiPb3uSb40Lb34LaxqRb30Ne0?tab=table&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tsieb020">the original</a> on 16 మే 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Real+GDP+growth+rate+%E2%80%93+volume&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Bjsessionid%3D9ea7974b30dd8549af6fd90a4215b5a4bd09638f55ac.e34SbxiPb3uSb40Lb34LaxqRb30Ne0%3Ftab%3Dtable%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtsieb020&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111123152707/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/12/content_11000486.htm">"Economist: financial crisis brewed by U.S. market fundamentalism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xinhua_News_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Xinhua News Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 12 మార్చి 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/12/content_11000486.htm">the original</a> on 23 నవంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 20 డిసెంబరు 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Economist%3A+financial+crisis+brewed+by+U.S.+market+fundamentalism&amp;rft.date=2009-03-12&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2009-03%2F12%2Fcontent_11000486.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=138799">"Looming Recession to Fuel Further Bulgaria's Jobless Rate"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 25 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Looming+Recession+to+Fuel+Further+Bulgaria%27s+Jobless+Rate&amp;rft.date=2012-04-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D138799&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101112308/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Economy/Pages/1706compandebts.aspx">"Inter-company debt – one of Bulgarian economy's serious problems"</a>. Bulgarian National Radio. 17 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Economy/Pages/1706compandebts.aspx">the original</a> on 1 నవంబరు 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Inter-company+debt+%E2%80%93+one+of+Bulgarian+economy%27s+serious+problems&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&amp;rft.date=2010-06-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FEconomy%2FPages%2F1706compandebts.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnes.dir.bg/news/firmi-bozhidar-danev-balgarskata-stopanska-kamara-zadalzhenia-12811577?nt=9">"Business points to a major disproportion in Bulgaria"</a> (in Bulgarian). Dir.bg. 14 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Business+points+to+a+major+disproportion+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Dir.bg&amp;rft.date=2013-01-14&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnes.dir.bg%2Fnews%2Ffirmi-bozhidar-danev-balgarskata-stopanska-kamara-zadalzhenia-12811577%3Fnt%3D9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-145">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=144010">"ITUC Frontlines Report 2012: Section on Bulgaria"</a>. Novinite. 10 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=ITUC+Frontlines+Report+2012%3A+Section+on+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2012-10-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D144010&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130319071204/http://www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results">"Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transparency_International&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transparency International (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Transparency International</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results/">the original</a> on 19 మార్చి 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Corruption+Perceptions+Index%3A+Transparency+International&amp;rft.pub=Transparency+International&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transparency.org%2Fcpi2012%2Fresults%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-147">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110145020/http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/europe-central-asia/bulgaria/snapshot.aspx">"Snapshot of the Bulgaria Country Profile"</a>. <i>Business Anti-Corruption Portal</i>. GAN Integrity Solutions. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/europe-central-asia/bulgaria/snapshot.aspx">the original</a> on 10 నవంబరు 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Business+Anti-Corruption+Portal&amp;rft.atitle=Snapshot+of+the+Bulgaria+Country+Profile&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-anti-corruption.com%2Fcountry-profiles%2Feurope-central-asia%2Fbulgaria%2Fsnapshot.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=122395">"Ireland Stays in Bulgaria-Led Club of Low Corporate Taxes, Ups Income Levy"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 22 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Ireland+Stays+in+Bulgaria-Led+Club+of+Low+Corporate+Taxes%2C+Ups+Income+Levy&amp;rft.date=2010-11-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D122395&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/7826125/2-23012017-AP-EN.pdf">"General government gross debt - annual data"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Eurostat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+government+gross+debt+-+annual+data&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fdocuments%2F2995521%2F7826125%2F2-23012017-AP-EN.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tgs00005&amp;plugin=1">"Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant), by NUTS 2 regions"</a>. Eurostat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Regional+gross+domestic+product+%28PPS+per+inhabitant%29%2C+by+NUTS+2+regions&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtgs00005%26plugin%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Data from different standpoints (absolute, per capita, as proportion of GDP)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFNicolaus_Heinen2011" class="citation web cs1">Nicolaus Heinen (11 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120406080118/http://www.dbresearch.com/PROD/DBR_INTERNET_EN-PROD/PROD0000000000273546.pdf">"EU net contributor or net recipient: Just a matter of your standpoint?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsche_Bank&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsche Bank (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Deutsche Bank</a> Research. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbresearch.com/PROD/DBR_INTERNET_EN-PROD/PROD0000000000273546.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 ఏప్రిల్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=EU+net+contributor+or+net+recipient%3A+Just+a+matter+of+your+standpoint%3F&amp;rft.pub=Deutsche+Bank+Research&amp;rft.date=2011-05-11&amp;rft.au=Nicolaus+Heinen&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbresearch.com%2FPROD%2FDBR_INTERNET_EN-PROD%2FPROD0000000000273546.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-152">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130309180817/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2095rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eu&amp;rank=100#bu">"Labour force rank list"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2095rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eu&amp;rank=100#bu">the original</a> on 9 మార్చి 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.atitle=Labour+force+rank+list&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2095rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deu%26rank%3D100%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905114307/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2048.html#bu">"Field listing of labor force by occupation"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2048.html#bu">the original</a> on 5 సెప్టెంబరు 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Field+listing+of+labor+force+by+occupation&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2048.html%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=ib3Article&amp;article_id=1097905494&amp;pubtypeid=1112462496&amp;country_id=1870000187&amp;category_id=775133077&amp;rf=0">"Bulgaria Automotive Report"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economist_Intelligence_Unit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Economist Intelligence Unit (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Economist Intelligence Unit</a>. 11 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>In particular, offset arrangements linked to the contract of Daimler (Germany) to supply vehicles to the Bulgarian armed forces have been boosting the local automotive parts sector.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Automotive+Report&amp;rft.pub=Economist+Intelligence+Unit&amp;rft.date=2011-03-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eiu.com%2Findex.asp%3Flayout%3Dib3Article%26article_id%3D1097905494%26pubtypeid%3D1112462496%26country_id%3D1870000187%26category_id%3D775133077%26rf%3D0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-155">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140625140807/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2090.html#bu">"Industries Field Listing"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2090.html#bu">the original</a> on 25 జూన్ 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Industries+Field+Listing&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2090.html%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110907093131/http://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/economic_updates/bulgaria-selling-steel">"Bulgaria: Selling off steel"</a>. Oxford Business Group. 31 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/economic_updates/bulgaria-selling-steel">the original</a> on 7 సెప్టెంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Selling+off+steel&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&amp;rft.date=2011-08-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordbusinessgroup.com%2Feconomic_updates%2Fbulgaria-selling-steel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ore_exports-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ore_exports_157-0">157.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ore_exports_157-1">157.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316132149/http://thesofiaecho.com/2011/08/18/1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group">"Bulgaria's ore exports rise 10% in H1 2011 – industry group"</a>. <i>The Sofia Echo</i>. 18 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thesofiaecho.com/2011/08/18/1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group">the original</a> on 16 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Echo&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria%27s+ore+exports+rise+10%25+in+H1+2011+%E2%80%93+industry+group&amp;rft.date=2011-08-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthesofiaecho.com%2F2011%2F08%2F18%2F1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/iedindex3.cfm?tid=1&amp;pid=7&amp;aid=1&amp;cid=r3,&amp;syid=2006&amp;eyid=2010&amp;unit=TST">"Total Primary Coal Production (Thousand Short Tons)"</a>. U.S. Energy Information Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Total+Primary+Coal+Production+%28Thousand+Short+Tons%29&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Energy+Information+Administration&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fcfapps%2Fipdbproject%2Fiedindex3.cfm%3Ftid%3D1%26pid%3D7%26aid%3D1%26cid%3Dr3%2C%26syid%3D2006%26eyid%3D2010%26unit%3DTST&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEResource_Base-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEResource_Base_159-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFResource_Base">Resource Base</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFResource_Base (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNdata-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-UNdata_160-0">160.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-UNdata_160-1">160.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Bulgaria#Economic">"Bulgaria – Economic Summary, UNData, United Nations"</a>. United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Economic+Summary%2C+UNData%2C+United+Nations&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2FCountryProfile.aspx%3FcrName%3DBulgaria%23Economic&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/11/5/40354124.pdf">"Agricultural Policies in non-OECD countries: Monitoring and Evaluation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OECD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OECD (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">OECD</a>. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Agricultural+Policies+in+non-OECD+countries%3A+Monitoring+and+Evaluation&amp;rft.pub=OECD&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fdataoecd%2F11%2F5%2F40354124.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-162">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120108051947/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/europe/2011/07/14/309719/Bulgarian-lavender.htm">"Bulgarian lavender producers worried about demand drop"</a>. <i>China Post</i>. 14 జూలై 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/europe/2011/07/14/309719/Bulgarian-lavender.htm">the original</a> on 8 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 20 డిసెంబరు 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=China+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgarian+lavender+producers+worried+about+demand+drop&amp;rft.date=2011-07-14&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinapost.com.tw%2Fbusiness%2Feurope%2F2011%2F07%2F14%2F309719%2FBulgarian-lavender.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-163">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328063300/http://www.fao.org/regional/seur/Review/Bulgaria.htm">"Bulgaria – Natural conditions, farming traditions and agricultural structures"</a>. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/regional/seur/Review/Bulgaria.htm">the original</a> on 28 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Natural+conditions%2C+farming+traditions+and+agricultural+structures&amp;rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fregional%2Fseur%2FReview%2FBulgaria.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-general_tourism-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-general_tourism_164-0">164.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-general_tourism_164-1">164.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/industry/tourism/40239491.pdf">"General information to the tourism sector in Bulgaria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. OECD Library. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+information+to+the+tourism+sector+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=OECD+Library&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Findustry%2Ftourism%2F40239491.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111228052135/http://sofiaecho.com/2011/07/15/1124175_bulgaria-cheapest-holiday-destination">"Bulgaria 'cheapest holiday destination'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Sofia Echo</i>. 15 July 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaecho.com/2011/07/15/1124175_bulgaria-cheapest-holiday-destination">the original</a> on 28 డిసెంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Echo&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+%27cheapest+holiday+destination%27&amp;rft.date=2011-07-15&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsofiaecho.com%2F2011%2F07%2F15%2F1124175_bulgaria-cheapest-holiday-destination&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2009/apr/20/europe-budget-travel-short-haul-cheap">"Europe (without the euro)"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Guardian_(newspaper)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The Guardian (newspaper) (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The Guardian</a></i>. 20 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Europe+%28without+the+euro%29&amp;rft.date=2009-04-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftravel%2F2009%2Fapr%2F20%2Feurope-budget-travel-short-haul-cheap&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101104050258/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/albania/travel-tips-and-articles/76164">"Lonely Planet's top 10 countries for 2011"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonely_Planet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonely Planet (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Lonely Planet</a>. 31 October 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/albania/travel-tips-and-articles/76164#">the original</a> on 4 నవంబరు 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Lonely+Planet%27s+top+10+countries+for+2011&amp;rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&amp;rft.date=2010-10-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lonelyplanet.com%2Falbania%2Ftravel-tips-and-articles%2F76164%23&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130529000210/http://www.nsi.bg/otrasalen.php?otr=57&amp;a1=2061&amp;a2=2067&amp;a3=2069#cont">"Nights spent by foreigners and arrivals of foreigners in accommodation establishments by country of origin in 2012"</a>. National Statistical Institute. 22 February 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/otrasalen.php?otr=57&amp;a1=2061&amp;a2=2067&amp;a3=2069#cont">the original</a> on 29 మే 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Nights+spent+by+foreigners+and+arrivals+of+foreigners+in+accommodation+establishments+by+country+of+origin+in+2012&amp;rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute&amp;rft.date=2013-02-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fotrasalen.php%3Fotr%3D57%26a1%3D2061%26a2%3D2067%26a3%3D2069%23cont&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110122190540/http://www.sofiaecho.com/2011/01/20/1027936_bulgarian-tourism-gets-42m-leva-boost">"Bulgarian tourism gets 42M leva boost"</a>. <i>The Sofia Echo</i>. 20 January 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaecho.com/2011/01/20/1027936_bulgarian-tourism-gets-42m-leva-boost">the original</a> on 22 జనవరి 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Echo&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgarian+tourism+gets+42M+leva+boost&amp;rft.date=2011-01-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsofiaecho.com%2F2011%2F01%2F20%2F1027936_bulgarian-tourism-gets-42m-leva-boost&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-170">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/File:Gross_domestic_expenditure_on_R_%26_D,_2005_and_2015_(%25_of_GDP)_YB17.png">"Eurostat R&amp;D statistics"</a>. Eurostat. 1 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Eurostat+R%26D+statistics&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft.date=2017-02-01&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fstatistics-explained%2Findex.php%2FFile%3AGross_domestic_expenditure_on_R_%2526_D%2C_2005_and_2015_%28%2525_of_GDP%29_YB17.png&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFShopov2007" class="citation journal cs1">Shopov, V. (2007). "The impact of the European scientific area on the 'Brain leaking' problem in the Balkan countries". <i>Nauka</i> (in Bulgarian) (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Nauka&amp;rft.atitle=The+impact+of+the+European+scientific+area+on+the+%27Brain+leaking%27+problem+in+the+Balkan+countries&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Shopov&amp;rft.aufirst=V.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_journal" title="మూస:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-172">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/pdf/competitiveness-report/2011/countries/bulgaria.pdf">"Country Profile – Bulgaria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Innovation Union Competitiveness Report 2011</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="European Commission (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">European Commission</a>. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Innovation+Union+Competitiveness+Report+2011&amp;rft.atitle=Country+Profile+%E2%80%93+Bulgaria&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fresearch%2Finnovation-union%2Fpdf%2Fcompetitiveness-report%2F2011%2Fcountries%2Fbulgaria.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-173">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429153553/http://sofiaecho.com/2008/10/27/664345_bulgaria-ranks-bottom-in-meeting-eus-lisbon-criteria-world-economic-forum">"Bulgaria ranks bottom in meeting EU's Lisbon criteria – World Economic Forum"</a>. <i>The Sofia Echo</i>. 27 October 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaecho.com/2008/10/27/664345_bulgaria-ranks-bottom-in-meeting-eus-lisbon-criteria-world-economic-forum">the original</a> on 29 ఏప్రిల్ 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Echo&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+ranks+bottom+in+meeting+EU%27s+Lisbon+criteria+%E2%80%93+World+Economic+Forum&amp;rft.date=2008-10-27&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsofiaecho.com%2F2008%2F10%2F27%2F664345_bulgaria-ranks-bottom-in-meeting-eus-lisbon-criteria-world-economic-forum&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-R&amp;D_cuts-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-R&amp;D_cuts_174-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=129794">"Bulgaria Cuts Drastically R &amp; D Spending"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 30 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Cuts+Drastically+R+%26+D+Spending&amp;rft.date=2011-06-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D129794&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-175">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFDachexDimitrovTomovMatviichuk2011" class="citation journal cs1">Dachex, Yu.; Dimitrov, F.; Tomov, O.; Matviichuk; Spurny; Ploc (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". <i>Radiation Protection Dosimetry</i>. <b>144</b> (1–4). Oxford University Press: 675–679. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncq506">10.1093/rpd/ncq506</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1742-3406">1742-3406</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177270">21177270</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&amp;rft.atitle=Liulin-type+spectrometry-dosimetry+instruments&amp;rft.volume=144&amp;rft.issue=1%E2%80%934&amp;rft.pages=675-679&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.issn=1742-3406&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21177270&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncq506&amp;rft.aulast=Dachex&amp;rft.aufirst=Yu.&amp;rft.au=Dimitrov%2C+F.&amp;rft.au=Tomov%2C+O.&amp;rft.au=Matviichuk&amp;rft.au=Spurny&amp;rft.au=Ploc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119044239/http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/radom_bas.htm">"Radiation Dose Monitor Experiment (RADOM)"</a>. ISRO. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/radom_bas.htm">the original</a> on 19 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Radiation+Dose+Monitor+Experiment+%28RADOM%29&amp;rft.pub=ISRO&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isro.org%2Fchandrayaan%2Fhtmls%2Fradom_bas.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-177">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFIvanovaKostovSapunovaDandolov1998" class="citation journal cs1">Ivanova, T.N.; Kostov, P.T.; Sapunova, S.M.; Dandolov, I.W.; Salisbury, F.B.; Bingham, G.E.; Sytchov, V.N.; Levinskikh, M.A.; Podolski, I.G.; Bubenheim, D.B.; Jahns, G. (January–April 1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems". <i>Acta Astronautica</i>. <b>42</b> (1–8). Space Research Institute: 11–23. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AcAau..42...11I">1998AcAau..42...11I</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0094-5765%2898%2900102-7">10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11541596">11541596</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Acta+Astronautica&amp;rft.atitle=Six-month+space+greenhouse+experiments%E2%80%94a+step+to+creation+of+future+biological+life+support+systems&amp;rft.volume=42&amp;rft.issue=1%E2%80%938&amp;rft.pages=11-23&amp;rft.date=1998-01%2F1998-04&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11541596&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0094-5765%2898%2900102-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998AcAau..42...11I&amp;rft.aulast=Ivanova&amp;rft.aufirst=T.N.&amp;rft.au=Kostov%2C+P.T.&amp;rft.au=Sapunova%2C+S.M.&amp;rft.au=Dandolov%2C+I.W.&amp;rft.au=Salisbury%2C+F.B.&amp;rft.au=Bingham%2C+G.E.&amp;rft.au=Sytchov%2C+V.N.&amp;rft.au=Levinskikh%2C+M.A.&amp;rft.au=Podolski%2C+I.G.&amp;rft.au=Bubenheim%2C+D.B.&amp;rft.au=Jahns%2C+G.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-178">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMishev2004" class="citation book cs1">Mishev, Dimitar (2004). <i>Space Research in Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_Academy_of_Sciences&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Bulgarian Academy of Sciences</a> (via the Marin Drinov publishing house). p.&#160;162. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/954-430-994-2" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/954-430-994-2"><bdi>954-430-994-2</bdi></a>. <q>16 June 1990: Onboard research on the Mir Space Station under the Interkosmos program begin with the Bulgarian-developed SVET space greenhouse&#160;...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Space+Research+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=162&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences+%28via+the+Marin+Drinov+publishing+house%29&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=954-430-994-2&amp;rft.aulast=Mishev&amp;rft.aufirst=Dimitar&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_book" title="మూస:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-179">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://press.web.cern.ch/press-releases/1999/06/bulgaria-cerns-20th-member-state">"Bulgaria is CERN's 20th Member State"</a>. CERN press office. 18 June 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+is+CERN%27s+20th+Member+State&amp;rft.date=1999-06-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpress.web.cern.ch%2Fpress-releases%2F1999%2F06%2Fbulgaria-cerns-20th-member-state&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-180">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnews.bg/article-65143">"199 български учители посетили CERN"</a>. BNews. 15 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=199+%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+CERN&amp;rft.pub=BNews&amp;rft.date=2012-12-15&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnews.bg%2Farticle-65143&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-181">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120525030623/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_3689/ai_54987368/">"IT Services: Rila Establishes Bulgarian Beachhead in UK"</a>. findarticles.com. 24 June 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_3689/ai_54987368/">the original</a> on 25 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=IT+Services%3A+Rila+Establishes+Bulgarian+Beachhead+in+UK&amp;rft.date=1999-06-24&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0CGN%2Fis_3689%2Fai_54987368%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-182">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=134442">"ICT Sector Generates 10% of Bulgaria's GDP – Association"</a>. Novinite. 1 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=ICT+Sector+Generates+10%25+of+Bulgaria%27s+GDP+%E2%80%93+Association&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2011-12-01&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D134442&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-183">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnevnik.bg/print/arhiv_za_grada/2008/08/24/541780_ban_veche_razpolaga_sus_superkompjutur_bez_analog_na/">"BAS now has the only supercomputer in the Balkans"</a> (in Bulgarian). Dnevnik. 29 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=BAS+now+has+the+only+supercomputer+in+the+Balkans&amp;rft.pub=Dnevnik&amp;rft.date=2010-04-29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnevnik.bg%2Fprint%2Farhiv_za_grada%2F2008%2F08%2F24%2F541780_ban_veche_razpolaga_sus_superkompjutur_bez_analog_na%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-184">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/25068.wss">"IBM Supercomputer Boosts Bulgaria's Advance Towards Knowledge-Based Economy"</a>. IBM Press Room. 9 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=IBM+Supercomputer+Boosts+Bulgaria%27s+Advance+Towards+Knowledge-Based+Economy&amp;rft.pub=IBM+Press+Room&amp;rft.date=2008-09-09&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-03.ibm.com%2Fpress%2Fus%2Fen%2Fpressrelease%2F25068.wss&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-185">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCapital.bg" class="citation web cs1">Capital.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capital.bg/politika_i_ikonomika/bulgaria/2015/01/18/2455800_ban_kupuva_superkompjutur_za_33_mlnlv/?ref=rss">"БАН купува суперкомпютър за 3.3 млн.лв"</a>. <i>capital.bg</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=capital.bg&amp;rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%90%D0%9D+%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%B7%D0%B0+3.3+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%BD.%D0%BB%D0%B2.&amp;rft.au=Capital.bg&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.bg%2Fpolitika_i_ikonomika%2Fbulgaria%2F2015%2F01%2F18%2F2455800_ban_kupuva_superkompjutur_za_33_mlnlv%2F%3Fref%3Drss&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-186">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201024065818/https://www.internetworldstats.com/eu/bg.htm">"Bulgaria Internet Usage Stats and Market Report"</a>. Internetworldstats.com. 30 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetworldstats.com/eu/bg.htm">the original</a> on 24 అక్టోబరు 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Internet+Usage+Stats+and+Market+Report&amp;rft.pub=Internetworldstats.com&amp;rft.date=2010-06-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internetworldstats.com%2Feu%2Fbg.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-0">187.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-1">187.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_187-2">187.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</a>, p.&#160;14.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-188">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/sites/digital-agenda/files/BG_Country_Chapter_17th_Report_0.pdf">"Bulgaria: 2011 Telecommunication Market and Regulatory Developments"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. European Commission. 2011. p.&#160;2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+2011+Telecommunication+Market+and+Regulatory+Developments&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft.pub=European+Commission&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fdigital-agenda%2Fsites%2Fdigital-agenda%2Ffiles%2FBG_Country_Chapter_17th_Report_0.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-189">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=132606">"Bulgaria Opens Tender for Fourth Mobile Operator"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 3 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Opens+Tender+for+Fourth+Mobile+Operator&amp;rft.date=2011-10-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D132606&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-190">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117013251/http://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/economic_updates/energy-hub">"Energy Hub"</a>. Oxford Business Group. 13 October 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/economic_updates/energy-hub">the original</a> on 17 జనవరి 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Energy+Hub&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&amp;rft.date=2008-10-13&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordbusinessgroup.com%2Feconomic_updates%2Fenergy-hub&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-191">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110817170904/http://www.kznpp.org/index.php?lang=bg&amp;p=about_aec&amp;p1=company_profile">"About the plant"</a> (in Bulgarian). AETs Kozloduy EAD. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kznpp.org/index.php?lang=bg&amp;p=about_aec&amp;p1=company_profile">the original</a> on 17 ఆగస్టు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=About+the+plant&amp;rft.pub=AETs+Kozloduy+EAD&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kznpp.org%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Dbg%26p%3Dabout_aec%26p1%3Dcompany_profile&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-192">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121183013/http://www.euronuclear.org/e-news/e-news-11/bulgaria.htm">"Country profile: Bulgaria"</a>. <i>ENS News</i> (11). 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euronuclear.org/e-news/e-news-11/bulgaria.htm">the original</a> on 21 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=ENS+News&amp;rft.atitle=Country+profile%3A+Bulgaria&amp;rft.issue=11&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronuclear.org%2Fe-news%2Fe-news-11%2Fbulgaria.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-193">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111025160841/http://ec.europa.eu/energy/energy_policy/doc/factsheets/mix/mix_bg_en.pdf">"EU Energy factsheet about Bulgaria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. European Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/energy/energy_policy/doc/factsheets/mix/mix_bg_en.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 అక్టోబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 30 మార్చి 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=EU+Energy+factsheet+about+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=European+Commission&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fenergy%2Fenergy_policy%2Fdoc%2Ffactsheets%2Fmix%2Fmix_bg_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewea.org/index.php?id=60&amp;no_cache=1&amp;tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=1681&amp;tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=1&amp;cHash=1c51ae8e8c">"Bulgaria set for massive growth in wind power"</a>. European Wind Energy Association. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+set+for+massive+growth+in+wind+power&amp;rft.pub=European+Wind+Energy+Association&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewea.org%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D60%26no_cache%3D1%26tx_ttnews%255Btt_news%255D%3D1681%26tx_ttnews%255BbackPid%255D%3D1%26cHash%3D1c51ae8e8c&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-195">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physorg.com/news174063976.html">"AES wind farm kicks off in Bulgaria"</a>. PhysOrg. 6 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=AES+wind+farm+kicks+off+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=PhysOrg&amp;rft.date=2009-10-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.physorg.com%2Fnews174063976.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200730224727/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2085rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=89#bu">"World rankings by total road length"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2085rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=89#bu">the original</a> on 30 జూలై 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.atitle=World+rankings+by+total+road+length&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2085rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D89%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-197">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dariknews.bg/view_article.php?article_id=925916">"The trains from Plovdiv to Dimitrovgrad now with 160 km/h"</a>. Dariknews<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+trains+from+Plovdiv+to+Dimitrovgrad+now+with+160+km%2Fh&amp;rft.pub=Dariknews&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdariknews.bg%2Fview_article.php%3Farticle_id%3D925916&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-198">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023232324/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/bulgaria-to-turkey-wiring-underway.html">"Bulgaria to Turkey wiring underway"</a>. Railway Gazette International. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/bulgaria-to-turkey-wiring-underway.html">the original</a> on 23 అక్టోబరు 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+to+Turkey+wiring+underway&amp;rft.pub=Railway+Gazette+International&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fbulgaria-to-turkey-wiring-underway.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-199">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160506214049/http://paper.standartnews.com/bg/article.php?d=2011-08-05&amp;article=377091">"Bozhkov is building the "Maritsa" high-speed rail line"</a>. <i>Standart</i> (in Bulgarian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paper.standartnews.com/bg/article.php?d=2011-08-05&amp;article=377091">the original</a> on 6 మే 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Standart&amp;rft.atitle=Bozhkov+is+building+the+%22Maritsa%22+high-speed+rail+line&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaper.standartnews.com%2Fbg%2Farticle.php%3Fd%3D2011-08-05%26article%3D377091&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_news" title="మూస:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-200">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160330024618/http://www.snews.bg/bg/statiya/vlakat-plovdiv-burgas-shte-leti-s-200-km-ch:10592">"The Plovdiv-Burgas train will travel with 200 km/h"</a> (in Bulgarian). Snews.bg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snews.bg/bg/statiya/vlakat-plovdiv-burgas-shte-leti-s-200-km-ch:10592">the original</a> on 30 మార్చి 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Plovdiv-Burgas+train+will+travel+with+200+km%2Fh&amp;rft.pub=Snews.bg&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snews.bg%2Fbg%2Fstatiya%2Fvlakat-plovdiv-burgas-shte-leti-s-200-km-ch%3A10592&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-201">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120501143011/http://www.eurail.com/countries/bulgaria/trains-bulgaria">"Trains in Bulgaria"</a>. EuRail. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurail.com/countries/bulgaria/trains-bulgaria">the original</a> on 1 మే 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Trains+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=EuRail&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurail.com%2Fcountries%2Fbulgaria%2Ftrains-bulgaria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-202">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111120175044/http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20090129/119794780.html">"South Stream's Russian gas for Europe"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=RIA_Novosti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="RIA Novosti (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">RIA Novosti</a>. 20 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20090129/119794780.html">the original</a> on 20 నవంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=South+Stream%27s+Russian+gas+for+Europe&amp;rft.date=2009-01-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rian.ru%2Fanalysis%2F20090129%2F119794780.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113_203-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</a>, p.&#160;3.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20117-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20117_204-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</a>, p.&#160;7.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data201112-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data201112_205-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</a>, p.&#160;12.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114_206-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</a>, p.&#160;4.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-207">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130627110531/http://www.nsi.bg/Census/MotherTongue.htm">"Population by mother tongue"</a>. NSI. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/Census/MotherTongue.htm">the original</a> on 2013-06-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Population+by+mother+tongue&amp;rft.pub=NSI&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2FCensus%2FMotherTongue.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-208">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Robert_Magocsi1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Robert_Magocsi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Robert Magocsi (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Paul Robert Magocsi</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=bulgarian+ortgodox+church&amp;btnG=Search+Books&amp;tbm=bks&amp;tbo=1#hl=en&amp;tbo=1&amp;tbm=bks&amp;sclient=psy-ab&amp;q=bulgarian+ortgodox+church+first+slavic+church&amp;oq=bulgarian+ortgodox+church+first+slavic+church&amp;aq=f&amp;aqi=&amp;aql=&amp;gs_l=serp.3...7619l14265l0l15224l22l21l1l0l0l0l214l2823l0j20j1l22l0.frgbld.&amp;pbx=1&amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&amp;fp=cb461d43581491a1&amp;biw=1152&amp;bih=749"><i>Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples</i></a>. University of Toronto Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Canada%27s+peoples&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.au=Paul+Robert+Magocsi&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%26btnG%3DSearch%2BBooks%26tbm%3Dbks%26tbo%3D1%23hl%3Den%26tbo%3D1%26tbm%3Dbks%26sclient%3Dpsy-ab%26q%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%2Bfirst%2Bslavic%2Bchurch%26oq%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%2Bfirst%2Bslavic%2Bchurch%26aq%3Df%26aqi%3D%26aql%3D%26gs_l%3Dserp.3...7619l14265l0l15224l22l21l1l0l0l0l214l2823l0j20j1l22l0.frgbld.%26pbx%3D1%26bav%3Don.2%2Cor.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.%2Ccf.osb%26fp%3Dcb461d43581491a1%26biw%3D1152%26bih%3D749&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-209">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFJames_David_Bourchier1911" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_David_Bourchier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="James David Bourchier (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">James David Bourchier</a> (1911). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bulgaria/Language">"Bulgaria – Language"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica 1911<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Language&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+1911&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rft.au=James+David+Bourchier&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F1911_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica%2FBulgaria%2FLanguage&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_210-0">210.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_210-1">210.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</a>, p.&#160;6.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNICEF-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-UNICEF_211-0">211.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-UNICEF_211-1">211.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055249/http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/Bulgaria.pdf">"Education in Bulgaria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/Bulgaria.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 మార్చి 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 10 మే 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Education+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Fceecis%2FBulgaria.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-212">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaglobe.com/2016/12/06/international-study-40-of-bulgarian-ninth-graders-functionally-illiterate-in-science-maths-and-reading/">"International study: 40% of Bulgarian ninth-graders functionally illiterate in science, maths and reading"</a>. <i>The Sofia Globe</i>. 2016-12-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Globe&amp;rft.atitle=International+study%3A+40%25+of+Bulgarian+ninth-graders+functionally+illiterate+in+science%2C+maths+and+reading&amp;rft.date=2016-12-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsofiaglobe.com%2F2016%2F12%2F06%2Finternational-study-40-of-bulgarian-ninth-graders-functionally-illiterate-in-science-maths-and-reading%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-213">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111221228/http://www.mon.bg/english/high/system_educ.htm">"Structure of the Education System in Bulgaria"</a>. Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of Bulgaria. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mon.bg/english/high/system_educ.htm">the original</a> on 11 జనవరి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 10 మే 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Structure+of+the+Education+System+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Youth+and+Science+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mon.bg%2Fenglish%2Fhigh%2Fsystem_educ.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-214">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101210221600/http://www.parliament.bg/en/const">"The Bulgarian Constitution"</a>. Parliament of Bulgaria. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.bg/en/const">the original</a> on 10 డిసెంబరు 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Constitution&amp;rft.pub=Parliament+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.bg%2Fen%2Fconst&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-215">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFKiminas2009" class="citation book cs1">Kiminas, D. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C&amp;lpg=PA2&amp;dq=927%20recognized%20constantinople%20bulgarian%20patriarch&amp;pg=PA15#v=onepage&amp;q=927&amp;f=false"><i>The Ecumenical Patriarchate</i></a>. Wildside Press LLC. p.&#160;15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1-4344-5876-6" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1-4344-5876-6"><bdi>978-1-4344-5876-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Ecumenical+Patriarchate&amp;rft.pages=15&amp;rft.pub=Wildside+Press+LLC.&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4344-5876-6&amp;rft.aulast=Kiminas&amp;rft.aufirst=D.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DQLWqXrW2X-8C%26lpg%3DPA2%26dq%3D927%2520recognized%2520constantinople%2520bulgarian%2520patriarch%26pg%3DPA15%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D927%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-216">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCarvalho2007" class="citation book cs1">Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jR98-Ata0CkC&amp;lpg=PT257&amp;pg=PT274#v=onepage&amp;q=927&amp;f=false"><i>Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence</i></a>. Pisa University Press. p.&#160;257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-88-8492-464-3" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-88-8492-464-3"><bdi>978-88-8492-464-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Religion+and+power+in+Europe%3A+conflict+and+convergence&amp;rft.pages=257&amp;rft.pub=Pisa+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-88-8492-464-3&amp;rft.aulast=Carvalho&amp;rft.aufirst=Joaquim&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjR98-Ata0CkC%26lpg%3DPT257%26pg%3DPT274%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D927%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-217">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84219/Bulgarian-Orthodox-Church">"Bulgarian Orthodox Church"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgarian+Orthodox+Church&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F84219%2FBulgarian-Orthodox-Church&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-218"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_218-0">218.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_218-1">218.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</a>, p.&#160;5.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-219">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/bulgarias-muslims-not-deeply-religious-study.aspx?pageID=238&amp;nid=8817">"Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study"</a>. <i>Hürriyet Daily News</i>. Agence France-Presse. 9 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria%27s+Muslims+not+deeply+religious%3A+study&amp;rft.date=2011-12-09&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fbulgarias-muslims-not-deeply-religious-study.aspx%3FpageID%3D238%26nid%3D8817&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Health_system-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Health_system_220-0">220.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Health_system_220-1">220.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFGeorgievaSalchev2007" class="citation journal cs1">Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/80592/E90023.pdf">"Bulgaria Health system review"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Health Systems in Transition</i>. <b>9</b> (1). European observatory on health systems and policies: xvi, 12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/80592/E90023.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 అక్టోబరు 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Health+Systems+in+Transition&amp;rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Health+system+review&amp;rft.volume=9&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=xvi%2C+12&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Georgieva&amp;rft.aufirst=Lidia&amp;rft.au=Salchev%2C+Petko&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euro.who.int%2F&#95;_data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0006%2F80592%2FE90023.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20067-221"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20067_221-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</a>, p.&#160;7.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn template errors (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-222">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investor.bg/biudjet-i-finansi/333/a/biudjet-2013-zalaga-41-ot-bvp-za-zdrave-,140997/">"Budget 2013 sets 4.1&#160;% of GDP for healthcare"</a> (in Bulgarian). Investor. 4 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Budget+2013+sets+4.1+%25+of+GDP+for+healthcare&amp;rft.pub=Investor&amp;rft.date=2012-10-04&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investor.bg%2Fbiudjet-i-finansi%2F333%2Fa%2Fbiudjet-2013-zalaga-41-ot-bvp-za-zdrave-%2C140997%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-223">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.econ.bg/news/article175683/bulgariya_e_sred_stranite_v_es_s_nay-visok_koeficient_na_bolnici">"Bulgaria has one of the EU's highest hospital coefficient"</a> (in Bulgarian). Econ Online Magazine. 17 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+has+one+of+the+EU%27s+highest+hospital+coefficient&amp;rft.pub=Econ+Online+Magazine&amp;rft.date=2010-02-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.econ.bg%2Fnews%2Farticle175683%2Fbulgariya_e_sred_stranite_v_es_s_nay-visok_koeficient_na_bolnici&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-224">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=135531">"The Bulgaria 2011 Review: Health and Healthcare"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 6 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=The+Bulgaria+2011+Review%3A+Health+and+Healthcare&amp;rft.date=2012-01-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D135531&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-225">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=146868">"The Bulgaria 2012 Review: Health and Healthcare"</a>. <i>Novinite</i>. 7 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Novinite&amp;rft.atitle=The+Bulgaria+2012+Review%3A+Health+and+Healthcare&amp;rft.date=2013-01-07&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D146868&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-226">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226011822/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html%20">"Life expectancy at birth rankings"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html">the original</a> on 26 డిసెంబరు 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Life+expectancy+at+birth+rankings&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2102rank.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-227">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507005840/http://www.klassa.bg/News/Read/article/216069_World+Bank%3A+The+demographic+crisis+is+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+most+serious+problem">"World Bank: The demographic crisis is Bulgaria's most serious problem"</a>. Klassa. 15 November 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klassa.bg/News/Read/article/216069_World+Bank%3A+The+demographic+crisis+is+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+most+serious+problem">the original</a> on 7 మే 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World+Bank%3A+The+demographic+crisis+is+Bulgaria%27s+most+serious+problem&amp;rft.pub=Klassa&amp;rft.date=2012-11-15&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klassa.bg%2FNews%2FRead%2Farticle%2F216069_World%2BBank%253A%2BThe%2Bdemographic%2Bcrisis%2Bis%2BBulgaria%25E2%2580%2599s%2Bmost%2Bserious%2Bproblem&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BNR_crisis-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BNR_crisis_228-0">228.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BNR_crisis_228-1">228.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105015344/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/Life/Pages/1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx">"Demographic crisis in Bulgaria deepening"</a>. Bulgarian National Radio. 12 March 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/Life/Pages/1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx">the original</a> on 5 నవంబరు 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 10 మే 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Demographic+crisis+in+Bulgaria+deepening&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&amp;rft.date=2012-03-12&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FLifestyle%2FLife%2FPages%2F1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DW_Entry-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-DW_Entry_229-0">229.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-DW_Entry_229-1">229.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/will-eu-entry-shrink-bulgarias-population-even-more/a-2287183">"Will EU Entry Shrink Bulgaria's Population Even More?"</a>. Deutsche Welle. 26 December 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Will+EU+Entry+Shrink+Bulgaria%27s+Population+Even+More%3F&amp;rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&amp;rft.date=2006-12-26&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fwill-eu-entry-shrink-bulgarias-population-even-more%2Fa-2287183&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-230">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFRothLauth_Bacas2004" class="citation book cs1">Roth, Klaus; Lauth Bacas, Jutta (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=pNSGDpXT4A0C&amp;pg=PA188&amp;dq=bulgaria+emigration+1+million#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20emigration%201%20million&amp;f=false"><i>Migration In, From, and to Southeastern Europe</i></a>. The British Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/9783643108968" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/9783643108968"><bdi>9783643108968</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Migration+In%2C+From%2C+and+to+Southeastern+Europe&amp;rft.pub=The+British+Library&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=9783643108968&amp;rft.aulast=Roth&amp;rft.aufirst=Klaus&amp;rft.au=Lauth+Bacas%2C+Jutta&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpNSGDpXT4A0C%26pg%3DPA188%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bemigration%2B1%2Bmillion%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520emigration%25201%2520million%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-231">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195751/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">"The World Factbook"</a>. Cia.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">the original</a> on 1 అక్టోబరు 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.pub=Cia.gov&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fbu.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-232">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310000517/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2002rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=228#bu">"Country Comparison&#160;:: Population growth rate"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2002rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=228#bu">the original</a> on 10 మార్చి 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Country+Comparison+%3A%3A+Population+growth+rate&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2002rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D228%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-233">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615142331/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2054rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=205#bu">"Birth rates by country"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2054rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=205#bu">the original</a> on 15 జూన్ 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Birth+rates+by+country&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2054rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D205%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-234">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615121335/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2066rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=9#bu">"Death rates by country"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2066rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&amp;countryCode=bu&amp;regionCode=eur&amp;rank=9#bu">the original</a> on 15 జూన్ 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Death+rates+by+country&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2066rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D9%23bu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-235">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114113/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tps00018">"Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table"</a>. Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 17 అక్టోబరు 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;plugin=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tps00018">the original</a> on 6 అక్టోబరు 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 10 మే 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Eurostat+%E2%80%93+Tables%2C+Graphs+and+Maps+Interface+%28TGM%29+table&amp;rft.pub=Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu&amp;rft.date=2013-10-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtps00018&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cultural_life-236"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-0">236.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-1">236.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-2">236.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-3">236.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-4">236.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-5">236.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_236-6">236.6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-arts">"Bulgaria – The arts"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2018</span>. <q>The early impetus of Bulgarian traditions in the arts was cut short by the Ottoman occupation in the 14th century, and many early masterpieces were destroyed.&#160;... the foundations were laid for later artists such as Vladimir Dimitrov, an extremely gifted painter specializing in the rural scenes of his native country&#160;... At the beginning of the 21st century, the best-known contemporary Bulgarian artist was Christo, an environmental sculptor known for wrapping famous structures</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+The+arts&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-arts&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Folk-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Folk_237-0">237.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Folk_237-1">237.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMacDermott1998" class="citation book cs1">MacDermott, Mercia (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=gh4IE6toGJMC&amp;pg=PA32&amp;dq=bulgarian+traditions#v=onepage&amp;q=folklore&amp;f=false"><i>Bulgarian folk customs</i></a>. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp.&#160;19, 64–70, 226. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1853024863" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1853024863"><bdi>978-1853024863</bdi></a>. <q>While dancing round fires and jumping over fires forms part of many Slav customs, dancing <i>on</i> fire does not, and it is therefore likely that nestinarstvo was inherited by the Bulgarians from the Hellenized Thracians who inhabited the land before them.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgarian+folk+customs&amp;rft.pages=19%2C+64-70%2C+226&amp;rft.pub=Jessica+Kingsley+Publishers&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.isbn=978-1853024863&amp;rft.aulast=MacDermott&amp;rft.aufirst=Mercia&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dgh4IE6toGJMC%26pg%3DPA32%26dq%3Dbulgarian%2Btraditions%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dfolklore%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-238">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFCreed2011" class="citation book cs1">Creed, Gerald W. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=ilhCTCHKCAQC&amp;pg=PA53&amp;dq=kukeri#v=onepage&amp;q=kukeri&amp;f=false"><i>Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p.&#160;2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-253-22261-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-253-22261-9"><bdi>978-0-253-22261-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Masquerade+and+Postsocialism%3A+Ritual+and+Cultural+Dispossession+in+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-253-22261-9&amp;rft.aulast=Creed&amp;rft.aufirst=Gerald+W.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DilhCTCHKCAQC%26pg%3DPA53%26dq%3Dkukeri%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dkukeri%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-239">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180728131343/https://www.bnt.bg/en/a/179851-the-bulgarian-tradition-of-martenitsa">"The Bulgarian Tradition of Martenitsa"</a>. Bulgarian National Television. 1 March 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bnt.bg/en/a/179851-the-bulgarian-tradition-of-martenitsa">the original</a> on 28 జూలై 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Tradition+of+Martenitsa&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Television&amp;rft.date=2018-03-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnt.bg%2Fen%2Fa%2F179851-the-bulgarian-tradition-of-martenitsa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-240">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nestinarstvo-messages-from-the-past-the-panagyr-of-saints-constantine-and-helena-in-the-village-of-bulgari-00191">"Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari"</a>. UNESCO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Nestinarstvo%2C+messages+from+the+past%3A+the+Panagyr+of+Saints+Constantine+and+Helena+in+the+village+of+Bulgari&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fnestinarstvo-messages-from-the-past-the-panagyr-of-saints-constantine-and-helena-in-the-village-of-bulgari-00191&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-241">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bg">"Bulgaria – Profile"</a>. UNESCO World Heritage Centre<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Profile&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fbg&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EBLiterature-242"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-0">242.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-1">242.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-2">242.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-3">242.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_242-4">242.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Bulgarian-literature">"Bulgarian Literature"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Literature&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FBulgarian-literature&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-243">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFGiatzidis2002" class="citation book cs1">Giatzidis, Emil (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=MUVgsK_GfxYC&amp;pg=PA11&amp;dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&amp;f=false"><i>An Introduction to post-Communist Bulgaria: Political, economic and social transformation</i></a>. Manchester University Press. p.&#160;11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-7190-6094-6" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-7190-6094-6"><bdi>978-0-7190-6094-6</bdi></a>. <q>Thus, with its early emphasis on Christian Orthodox scholarship, Bulgaria became the first major centre of Slavic culture</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+post-Communist+Bulgaria%3A+Political%2C+economic+and+social+transformation&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7190-6094-6&amp;rft.aulast=Giatzidis&amp;rft.aufirst=Emil&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DMUVgsK_GfxYC%26pg%3DPA11%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-244">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFRiha1964" class="citation book cs1">Riha, Thomas (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=_Bkddxc600IC&amp;pg=PA214&amp;dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&amp;f=false"><i>Readings in Russian Civilization</i></a>. University of Chicago press. p.&#160;214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0719060946" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0719060946"><bdi>978-0719060946</bdi></a>. <q>And it was mainly from Bulgaria that a rich supply of literary monuments was transferred to Kiev and other centres.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Readings+in+Russian+Civilization&amp;rft.pages=214&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+press&amp;rft.date=1964&amp;rft.isbn=978-0719060946&amp;rft.aulast=Riha&amp;rft.aufirst=Thomas&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D_Bkddxc600IC%26pg%3DPA214%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-245">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMcNeill1963" class="citation book cs1">McNeill, William Hardy (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=_RsPrzrsAvoC&amp;pg=PA449&amp;dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&amp;f=false"><i>The Rise of the West</i></a>. The University of Chicago Press. p.&#160;49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1112695315" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1112695315"><bdi>978-1112695315</bdi></a>. <q>Accordingly, when Bulgaria was converted to Christianity (after 865), bringing massive Slavic-speaking populations within the pale of Christendom, a new literary language, Old Church Slavonic, directly based upon Bulgarian speech, developed for their use.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+the+West&amp;rft.pages=49&amp;rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft.isbn=978-1112695315&amp;rft.aulast=McNeill&amp;rft.aufirst=William+Hardy&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D_RsPrzrsAvoC%26pg%3DPA449%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-246">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFErtl2008" class="citation book cs1">Ertl, Alan W (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=X9PGRaZt-zcC&amp;pg=PA436&amp;dq=preslav+school+cyrillic#v=onepage&amp;q=preslav%20school%20cyrillic&amp;f=false"><i>Toward understanding Europe: A political précis of continental integration</i></a>. Universal Publishers, Inc. p.&#160;436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-1599429830" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-1599429830"><bdi>978-1599429830</bdi></a>. <q>At the beginning of the 10th century a new alphabet – the Cyrillic alphabet – was developed on the basis of Greek and Glagolitic cursive at the Preslav Literary School.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Toward+understanding+Europe%3A+A+political+pr%C3%A9cis+of+continental+integration&amp;rft.pages=436&amp;rft.pub=Universal+Publishers%2C+Inc.&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-1599429830&amp;rft.aulast=Ertl&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+W&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DX9PGRaZt-zcC%26pg%3DPA436%26dq%3Dpreslav%2Bschool%2Bcyrillic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dpreslav%2520school%2520cyrillic%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-247">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=94265">"French-Bulgarian Theorist Tzvetan Todorov Wins Top Spanish Award"</a>. Novinite. 18 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=French-Bulgarian+Theorist+Tzvetan+Todorov+Wins+Top+Spanish+Award&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2008-06-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D94265&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-248">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFLorenz2004" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Lorenz, Dagmar C.G. (17 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&amp;UID=725">"Elias Canetti"</a>. <i>Literary Encyclopedia</i>. 1.4.1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1747-678X">1747-678X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Literary+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.atitle=Elias+Canetti&amp;rft.volume=1.4.1&amp;rft.date=2004-04-17&amp;rft.issn=1747-678X&amp;rft.aulast=Lorenz&amp;rft.aufirst=Dagmar+C.G.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.litencyc.com%2Fphp%2Fspeople.php%3Frec%3Dtrue%26UID%3D725&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-249">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFGrabar1928" class="citation book cs1">Grabar, André (1928). <i>La peinture religiouse en Bulgarie</i>. P. Geuthner. p.&#160;95.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=La+peinture+religiouse+en+Bulgarie&amp;rft.pages=95&amp;rft.pub=P.+Geuthner&amp;rft.date=1928&amp;rft.aulast=Grabar&amp;rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span>ASIN: B005ZI4OV8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-250">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFKremenliev1952" class="citation book cs1">Kremenliev, Boris A. (1952). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=wOOfVFJWMLIC&amp;pg=PA52&amp;dq=bulgarian+music#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgarian%20music&amp;f=false"><i>Bulgarian-Macedonian Folk Music</i></a>. University of California Press. p.&#160;52. <q>Bulgaria's scales are numerous, and it may be demonstrated that they are a fusion of Eastern and Western influences.&#160;... first, Oriental scales; second, church modes: the osmoglasie&#160;... third, the conventional scales of Western Europe.&#160;... Among the scales which have comes to the Balkans from Asia, the pentatonic is one of the most widely used in Bulgaria. Whether it came from China or Japan, as Dobri Hristov suggests...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgarian-Macedonian+Folk+Music&amp;rft.pages=52&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=1952&amp;rft.aulast=Kremenliev&amp;rft.aufirst=Boris+A.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DwOOfVFJWMLIC%26pg%3DPA52%26dq%3Dbulgarian%2Bmusic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgarian%2520music%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-251">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/32nd-annual-grammy-awards">"32nd Grammy Awards Winners"</a>. Grammy Awards<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=32nd+Grammy+Awards+Winners&amp;rft.pub=Grammy+Awards&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fgrammys%2Fawards%2F32nd-annual-grammy-awards&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-252">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFLang1976" class="citation book cs1">Lang, David Marshall (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgariansfrompa00lang"><i>The Bulgarians: from pagan times to the Ottoman conquest</i></a>. Westview Press. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulgariansfrompa00lang/page/145">145</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-89158-530-5" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-89158-530-5"><bdi>978-0-89158-530-5</bdi></a>. <q>John Kukuzel, the eminent Bulgarian/born reformer of Byzantine music.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Bulgarians%3A+from+pagan+times+to+the+Ottoman+conquest&amp;rft.pages=145&amp;rft.pub=Westview+Press&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-89158-530-5&amp;rft.aulast=Lang&amp;rft.aufirst=David+Marshall&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbulgariansfrompa00lang&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-253">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120623132141/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Music/Pages/2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx">"The 2011/2012 season of the National Opera and Ballet House"</a>. Bulgarian National Radio. 25 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Music/Pages/2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx">the original</a> on 23 జూన్ 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 6 సెప్టెంబరు 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+2011%2F2012+season+of+the+National+Opera+and+Ballet+House&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&amp;rft.date=2011-10-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FMusic%2FPages%2F2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-254">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1491905/Ghena-Dimitrova.html">"Obituary: Ghena Dimitrova"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. 13 June 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Ghena+Dimitrova&amp;rft.date=2005-06-13&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F1491905%2FGhena-Dimitrova.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-255">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFForbes1993" class="citation news cs1">Forbes, Elizabeth (29 June 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-boris-christoff-1494547.html">"Obituary: Boris Christoff"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Boris+Christoff&amp;rft.date=1993-06-29&amp;rft.aulast=Forbes&amp;rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fobituary-boris-christoff-1494547.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-256">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFKozinn1993" class="citation news cs1">Kozinn, Allan (29 June 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/29/obituaries/boris-christoff-bass-dies-at-79-esteemed-for-his-boris-godunov.html">"Boris Christoff, Bass, Dies at 79; Esteemed for His Boris Godunov"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Boris+Christoff%2C+Bass%2C+Dies+at+79%3B+Esteemed+for+His+Boris+Godunov&amp;rft.date=1993-06-29&amp;rft.aulast=Kozinn&amp;rft.aufirst=Allan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F06%2F29%2Fobituaries%2Fboris-christoff-bass-dies-at-79-esteemed-for-his-boris-godunov.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-257">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFMidgette2004" class="citation news cs1">Midgette, Anne (3 June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/03/arts/nicolai-ghiaurov-operatic-bass-dies-at-74.html">"Nicolai Ghiaurov, Operatic Bass, Dies at 74"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Times (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Nicolai+Ghiaurov%2C+Operatic+Bass%2C+Dies+at+74&amp;rft.date=2004-06-03&amp;rft.aulast=Midgette&amp;rft.aufirst=Anne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F06%2F03%2Farts%2Fnicolai-ghiaurov-operatic-bass-dies-at-74.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-258">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171221020936/http://ejc.net/media_landscapes/bulgaria">"Media Landscape – Bulgaria"</a>. European Journalism Centre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ejc.net/media_landscapes/bulgaria">the original</a> on 21 డిసెంబరు 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Media+Landscape+%E2%80%93+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=European+Journalism+Centre&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fejc.net%2Fmedia_landscapes%2Fbulgaria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-landscape-259"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-landscape_259-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejc.net/media_landscape/article/bulgaria/">Media Landscape – Bulgaria</a>, European Journalism Centre <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100722014211/http://www.ejc.net/media_landscape/article/bulgaria/">Archived</a> 22 జూలై 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RSF-260"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-RSF_260-0">260.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-RSF_260-1">260.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsf.org/en/bulgaria">"Bulgaria"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reporters_Without_Borders&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reporters Without Borders (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Reporters Without Borders</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Reporters+Without+Borders&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsf.org%2Fen%2Fbulgaria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian1-261"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian1_261-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2014/sep/23/press-freedom-bulgaria">"Why Bulgaria is the EU's lowest ranked country on press freedom index"</a>. The Guardian. 23 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Why+Bulgaria+is+the+EU%27s+lowest+ranked+country+on+press+freedom+index&amp;rft.pub=The+Guardian&amp;rft.date=2014-09-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2Fgreenslade%2F2014%2Fsep%2F23%2Fpress-freedom-bulgaria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cuisine-262"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cuisine_262-0">262.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cuisine_262-1">262.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite id="CITEREFAlbala2011" class="citation book cs1">Albala, Ken (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=zG1H75z0EYYC&amp;pg=RA3-PA61&amp;dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&amp;q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&amp;f=false"><i>Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. pp.&#160;61, 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/978-0-313-37626-9" title="ప్రత్యేక:పుస్తకమూలాలు/978-0-313-37626-9"><bdi>978-0-313-37626-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Food+Cultures+of+the+World+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=61%2C+62&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-313-37626-9&amp;rft.aulast=Albala&amp;rft.aufirst=Ken&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DzG1H75z0EYYC%26pg%3DRA3-PA61%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-263">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=136420">"Bulgaria Bounces Back"</a>. Novinite. 7 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Bounces+Back&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2012-02-07&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D136420&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-264">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/articles/176970/Bulgaria+Ranks+22nd+in+World+Wine+Production">"Bulgaria ranks 22nd in wine"</a>. Novinite. 21 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+ranks+22nd+in+wine&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2016-10-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F176970%2FBulgaria%2BRanks%2B22nd%2Bin%2BWorld%2BWine%2BProduction&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-265">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seenews.com/news/bulgaria-plans-to-export-62-mln-litres-of-wine-from-2016-grape-harvest-558027">"Bulgaria wine production 2016"</a>. See news. 14 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria+wine+production+2016&amp;rft.pub=See+news&amp;rft.date=2017-02-14&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseenews.com%2Fnews%2Fbulgaria-plans-to-export-62-mln-litres-of-wine-from-2016-grape-harvest-558027&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-266">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170512190500/http://www.chicagonow.com/chicago-eats/2017/05/wines-of-bulgaria-are-they-the-next-must-have-wine/">"Wines of Bulgaria"</a>. Chicago Now. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagonow.com/chicago-eats/2017/05/wines-of-bulgaria-are-they-the-next-must-have-wine/">the original</a> on 12 మే 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Wines+of+Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Chicago+Now&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagonow.com%2Fchicago-eats%2F2017%2F05%2Fwines-of-bulgaria-are-they-the-next-must-have-wine%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-267">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=132826">"Archeological Find Proves Rakia Is Bulgarian Invention"</a>. Novinite. 10 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Archeological+Find+Proves+Rakia+Is+Bulgarian+Invention&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2011-10-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D132826&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-268">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928142341/http://www.bgolympic.org/fce/index.shtml?s=001&amp;p=0039&amp;n=000001">"Athens 1896"</a>. Bulgarian Olympic Committee. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bgolympic.org/fce/index.shtml?s=001&amp;p=0039&amp;n=000001">the original</a> on 28 సెప్టెంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 6 సెప్టెంబరు 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Athens+1896&amp;rft.pub=Bulgarian+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgolympic.org%2Ffce%2Findex.shtml%3Fs%3D001%26p%3D0039%26n%3D000001&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-269">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympic.org/bulgaria">"Bulgaria"</a>. Official website of the Olympic movement<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria&amp;rft.pub=Official+website+of+the+Olympic+movement&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fbulgaria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sport-270"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sport_270-0">270.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sport_270-1">270.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sport_270-2">270.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sport_270-3">270.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-arts#ref42718">"Bulgaria- Sport and recreation"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>. <q>In international sports competition, Bulgarians have excelled in tennis, wrestling, boxing, and gymnastics, but the country's greatest repute may be in weight-lifting.&#160;... Fans of football (soccer), the most popular sport in Bulgaria, were buoyed by the success of the national team in the 1994 World Cup, when it advanced to the semi-final match under the leadership of forward Hristo Stoichkov. The premier league in Bulgaria has 16 teams, of which four play in Sofia: CSKA, Levski, Slavia, and Lokomotiv.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bulgaria-+Sport+and+recreation&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-arts%23ref42718&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-271">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/highest-high-jump-(female)">"Highest high jump (female)"</a>. The Guinness World Records<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Highest+high+jump+%28female%29&amp;rft.pub=The+Guinness+World+Records&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2Fhighest-high-jump-%28female%29&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-272">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lobandsmash.com/2017/11/15/grigor-dimitrov-bulgarias-best-tennis/">"Grigor Dimitrov: Bulgaria's best in men's tennis making waves"</a>. Lob and Smash. December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Grigor+Dimitrov%3A+Bulgaria%27s+best+in+men%27s+tennis+making+waves&amp;rft.pub=Lob+and+Smash&amp;rft.date=2017-12&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flobandsmash.com%2F2017%2F11%2F15%2Fgrigor-dimitrov-bulgarias-best-tennis%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-273">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fcbarcelona.com/club/history/card/hristo-stoichkov">"Hristo Stoichkov"</a>. FC Barcelona<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Hristo+Stoichkov&amp;rft.pub=FC+Barcelona&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcbarcelona.com%2Fclub%2Fhistory%2Fcard%2Fhristo-stoichkov&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-274">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111106213859/http://www.epfl-europeanleagues.com/fao/hristo_stoichkov.htm">"Hristo Stoichkov – Bulgarian League Ambassador"</a>. Professional Football Against Hunger. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epfl-europeanleagues.com/fao/hristo_stoichkov.htm">the original</a> on 6 నవంబరు 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 6 సెప్టెంబరు 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Hristo+Stoichkov+%E2%80%93+Bulgarian+League+Ambassador&amp;rft.pub=Professional+Football+Against+Hunger&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epfl-europeanleagues.com%2Ffao%2Fhristo_stoichkov.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-275">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/78723/Levski%2C+CSKA+Score+Emphatic+Wins+Before+">"Eternal+Derby" "Levski, CSKA Score Emphatic Wins Before "Eternal Derby"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Novinite. 1 April 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Levski%2C+CSKA+Score+Emphatic+Wins+Before+%22Eternal+Derby%22&amp;rft.pub=Novinite&amp;rft.date=2007-04-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F78723%2FLevski%252C%2BCSKA%2BScore%2BEmphatic%2BWins%2BBefore%2B%22Eternal%2BDerby%22&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-276">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/name/93/post/2037103/headline">"Plucky Ludogorets' rise to the Champions League group stage"</a>. ESPN. 16 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Plucky+Ludogorets%27+rise+to+the+Champions+League+group+stage&amp;rft.pub=ESPN&amp;rft.date=2014-09-16&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsoccer%2Fblog%2Fname%2F93%2Fpost%2F2037103%2Fheadline&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-277">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/uefarankings/club/index.html#/yr/2018">"Club Coefficients"</a>. UEFA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Club+Coefficients&amp;rft.pub=UEFA&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uefa.com%2Fmemberassociations%2Fuefarankings%2Fclub%2Findex.html%23%2Fyr%2F2018&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="బయటి_లింకులు"><span id=".E0.B0.AC.E0.B0.AF.E0.B0.9F.E0.B0.BF_.E0.B0.B2.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.95.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>బయటి లింకులు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: బయటి లింకులు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="font-size: 90%;"> <b>Bulgaria</b> గురించిన మరింత సమాచారం కొరకు వికీపీడియా సోదర ప్రాజెక్టులు అన్వేషించండి <p><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/Bulgaria">నిఘంటువు</a> విక్షనరీ నుండి<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Wikibooks-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Special:Search/Bulgaria">పాఠ్యపుస్తకాలు</a> వికీ పుస్తకాల నుండి<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/25px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/38px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/50px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Bulgaria">ఉదాహరణలు</a> వికికోట్ నుండి<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/25px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/50px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Bulgaria">వికీసోర్సు నుండి</a> వికీసోర్సు నుండి<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Bulgaria">చిత్రాలు, మీడియా</a> చిత్రాలు, మీడియా నుండి<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Wikinews-logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikinews-logo.png/25px-Wikinews-logo.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikinews-logo.png/38px-Wikinews-logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikinews-logo.png/50px-Wikinews-logo.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Special:Search/Bulgaria">వార్తా కథనాలు</a> వికీ వార్తల నుండి</span> </p> </div> <dl><dt>ప్రభుత్వము</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.government.bg/">Official governmental site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110210182313/http://www.government.bg/">Archived</a> 2011-02-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3795437">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4286695">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ఐరోపా_దేశాలు" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:yellow; color:greene; font-size: 110%; width: 90%;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3795437"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4294021">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="మూస:ఐరోపా"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:greene">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="మూస చర్చ:ఐరోపా (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:greene">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:EditPage/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="ప్రత్యేక:EditPage/మూస:ఐరోపా"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:greene">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ఐరోపా_దేశాలు" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="ఐరోపా">ఐరోపా</a> దేశాలు</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="అల్బేనియా">అల్బేనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE" title="అండొర్రా">అండొర్రా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఆస్ట్రియా">ఆస్ట్రియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఆర్మేనియా">ఆర్మేనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="అజర్‌బైజాన్">అజర్‌బైజాన్</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="కజకస్తాన్">కజకస్తాన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="క్రొయేషియా">క్రొయేషియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8B" title="కొసావో">కొసావో</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="చెక్ రిపబ్లిక్">చెక్ రిపబ్లిక్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D" title="డెన్మార్క్">డెన్మార్క్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఎస్టోనియా">ఎస్టోనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AB%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ఫారో ద్వీపాలు (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">ఫారో ద్వీపాలు</a> (డెన్మార్క్) &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AB%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="ఫిన్‌లాండ్">ఫిన్‌లాండ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఫ్రాన్స్">ఫ్రాన్స్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80" title="జర్మనీ">జర్మనీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_(%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82)" title="జార్జియా (దేశం)">జార్జియా (దేశం)</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80" title="జెర్సీ">జెర్సీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రీస్">గ్రీస్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="గెర్నెసీ (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">గెర్నెసీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="హంగరీ">హంగరీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="ఐస్‌లాండ్">ఐస్‌లాండ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="ఐర్లాండ్">ఐర్లాండ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ఐసెల్ ఆఫ్ మ్యాన్ (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">ఐసెల్ ఆఫ్ మ్యాన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80" title="ఇటలీ">ఇటలీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="లాట్వియా">లాట్వియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="లైచెన్‌స్టెయిన్">లైచెన్‌స్టెయిన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="లిథువేనియా">లిథువేనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D" title="లక్సెంబర్గ్">లక్సెంబర్గ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE" title="మాల్టా">మాల్టా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B" title="మాంటెనెగ్రో">మాంటెనెగ్రో</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా">ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా">ఉత్తర మేసిడోనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE" title="మోల్డోవా">మోల్డోవా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B" title="మొనాకో">మొనాకో</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="నెదర్లాండ్స్">నెదర్లాండ్స్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87" title="నార్వే">నార్వే</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="పోలాండ్">పోలాండ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="పోర్చుగల్">పోర్చుగల్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a class="mw-selflink selflink">బల్గేరియా</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE,_%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE" title="బోస్నియా, హెర్జెగోవినా">బోస్నియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="బెలారస్">బెలారస్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="బెల్జియం">బెల్జియం</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="రుమేనియా">రుమేనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="రష్యా">రష్యా</a><sup>1</sup> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81_,_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="స్వాల్బర్డు , జాన్ మేయన్ దీవులు (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">స్వాల్బర్డు , జాన్ మేయన్ దీవులు</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="సాన్‌మారినో">సాన్‌మారినో</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సెర్బియా">సెర్బియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="స్లొవేకియా">స్లొవేకియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="స్లోవేనియా">స్లోవేనియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="స్పెయిన్">స్పెయిన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="స్వీడన్">స్వీడన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="స్విట్జర్‌లాండ్">స్విట్జర్‌లాండ్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80" title="టర్కీ">టర్కీ</a><sup>1</sup> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="సైప్రస్">సైప్రస్</a><sup>2</sup> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఉక్రెయిన్">ఉక్రెయిన్</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="యునైటెడ్ కింగ్‌డమ్">యునైటెడ్ కింగ్‌డమ్ </a> (జిబ్రాల్టరు) &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="వాటికన్ నగరం">వాటికన్ నగరం</a><br /> <p><b>స్వతంత్రము లేనివి </b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF_%26_%E0%B0%A2%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="ఆక్రొతిరి &amp; ఢెకెలియా">ఆక్రొతిరి &amp; ఢెకెలియా</a><sup>2</sup> - ఫారో దీవులు &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;జిబ్రాల్టర్ &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; గిర్నెసీ &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;ఝాన్ మాయెన్ &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80" title="జెర్సీ">జెర్సీ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; ఐల్ ఆఫ్ మాన్ &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; స్వాల్‌బార్డ్<br /> <b>గుర్తింపు లేనివి </b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="అబ్‌ఖజియా">అబ్‌ఖజియా</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; నగొర్నో-కరబఖ్<sup>2</sup> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;దక్షిణ ఒస్సెటియా &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;ట్రాన్స్‌నిస్ట్రియా &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; ఉత్తర సైప్రస్ (టర్కీ)<sup>2</sup><br /> <small> 1. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఆసియా">ఆసియాలో</a> కూడా విస్తరించిన దేశం. 2. భౌగోళికంగా <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఆసియా">ఆసియాలో</a> ఉన్నా, చారిత్రిక, సాంస్కృతిక కారణాలవల్ల <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="ఐరోపా">ఐరోపా</a> దేశంగా పరిగణిస్తారు. </small> </p> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Europe_countries_map_en_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Europe_countries_map_en_2.png/200px-Europe_countries_map_en_2.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Europe_countries_map_en_2.png/300px-Europe_countries_map_en_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Europe_countries_map_en_2.png/400px-Europe_countries_map_en_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7f58d5dcf5‐xzfk8 Cached time: 20241109055457 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 2.326 seconds Real time usage: 2.579 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 14054/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 544927/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 16618/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1004952/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 1.471/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 24086349/52428800 bytes Lua Profile: ? 260 ms 16.7% dataWrapper <mw.lua:672> 180 ms 11.5% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction 140 ms 9.0% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::find 140 ms 9.0% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub 120 ms 7.7% recursiveClone <mwInit.lua:45> 100 ms 6.4% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::match 40 ms 2.6% <మాడ్యూల్:Citation/CS1:813> 40 ms 2.6% <mw.lua:694> 40 ms 2.6% <mw.uri.lua:26> 40 ms 2.6% [others] 460 ms 29.5% Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 2251.378 1 -total 55.13% 1241.239 1 మూస:మూలాలజాబితా 31.91% 718.379 145 మూస:Cite_web 17.16% 386.433 1 మూస:Infobox_Country 11.34% 255.375 56 మూస:Cite_book 10.71% 241.053 28 మూస:Sfn 6.42% 144.651 5 మూస:Lang 6.28% 141.282 34 మూస:Cite_news 4.40% 99.087 1 మూస:ఐరోపా 4.21% 94.723 1 మూస:Navbox_generic --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key tewiki:pcache:idhash:92576-0!canonical and timestamp 20241109055457 and revision id 4334726. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=బల్గేరియా&amp;oldid=4334726">https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=బల్గేరియా&amp;oldid=4334726</a>" నుండి వెలికితీశారు</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ప్రత్యేక:వర్గాలు">వర్గాలు</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వర్గం:మూలాల లోపాలున్న పేజీలు">మూలాల లోపాలున్న పేజీలు</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:CS1 errors: periodical ignored (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="వర్గం:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">CS1 maint: unrecognized language</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Articles_containing_Bulgarian-language_text&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Articles containing Bulgarian-language text (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Articles containing Bulgarian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వర్గం:మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు">మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81_from_October_2011&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు from October 2011 (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">మూలాలు చేర్చవలసిన పాఠ్యమున్న వ్యాసాలు from October 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE" title="వర్గం:ఐరోపా">ఐరోపా</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వర్గం:యూరప్ దేశాలు">యూరప్ దేశాలు</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="వర్గం:బల్గేరియా">బల్గేరియా</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">దాచిన వర్గాలు: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="వర్గం:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="వర్గం:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Harv_and_Sfn_no-target_errors" title="వర్గం:Harv and Sfn no-target errors">Harv and Sfn no-target errors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="వర్గం:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Articles_with_invalid_date_parameter_in_template" title="వర్గం:Articles with invalid date parameter in template">Articles with invalid date parameter in template</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>మార్గదర్శకపు మెనూ</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">వ్యక్తిగత పరికరాలు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="మీ ఐపీ చిరునామాకి సంబంధించిన వాడుకరి పేజీ">లాగిన్ అయిలేరు</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A" title="ఈ ఐపీ చిరునామా నుండి చేసిన మార్పుల గురించి చర్చ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ఈ IP కి సంబంధించిన చర్చ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81-%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఈ IP అడ్రసు నుండి చేసిన దిద్దుబాట్ల జాబితా [y]" accesskey="y"><span>మార్పుచేర్పులు</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81&amp;returnto=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="మీరొక ఖాతాను సృష్టించుకొని, లాగినవడాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తాం; అయితే, అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు"><span>ఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82&amp;returnto=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="మిమ్మల్ని లాగినవమని ప్రోత్సహిస్తున్నాం; కానీ అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు. [o]" accesskey="o"><span>లాగినవండి</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">పేరుబరులు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="విషయపు పేజీని చూడండి [c]" accesskey="c"><span>వ్యాసం</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="విషయపు పేజీ గురించి చర్చ (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>చర్చ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">తెలుగు</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">చూపులు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE"><span>చదువు</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=edit" title="ఈ పేజీ సోర్సుకోడ్‌ను దిద్దండి [e]" accesskey="e"><span>మార్చు</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=history" title="ఈ పేజీ మునుపటి కూర్పులు [h]" accesskey="h"><span>చరిత్ర</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="మరిన్ని ఎంపికలు" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">మరిన్ని</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <h3 >వెతుకు</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="వికీపీడియా‌లో వెతకండి" aria-label="వికీపీడియా‌లో వెతకండి" autocapitalize="sentences" title="వికీపీడియా లో వెతకండి [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ప్రత్యేక:అన్వేషణ"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="పేజీలలో ఈ పాఠ్యం కొరకు వెతుకు" value="వెతుకు"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="కచ్చితంగా ఇదే పేరుతో పేజీ ఉంటే అక్కడికి తీసుకెళ్ళు" value="వెళ్లు"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80" title="మొదటి పేజీ చూడండి"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">మార్గదర్శకము</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80" title="మొదటి పేజీ చూడండి [z]" accesskey="z"><span>మొదటి పేజీ</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80" title="ఓ యాదృచ్చిక పేజీని చూడండి [x]" accesskey="x"><span>యాదృచ్ఛిక పేజీ</span></a></li><li id="n-రచ్చబండ" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1"><span>రచ్చబండ</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF"><span>వికీపీడియా గురించి</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Contact_us"><span>సంప్రదింపు పేజీ</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_te.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=te" title="మాకు తోడ్పడండి"><span>విరాళాలు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-పరస్పరక్రియ" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-పరస్పరక్రియ vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-పరస్పరక్రియ-label" > <h3 id="p-పరస్పరక్రియ-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">పరస్పరక్రియ</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-సహాయసూచిక" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95"><span>సహాయసూచిక</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="ప్రాజెక్టు గురించి, మీరేం చేయవచ్చు, సమాచారం ఎక్కడ దొరుకుతుంది"><span>సముదాయ పందిరి</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వికీలో ఇటీవల జరిగిన మార్పుల జాబితా. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ఇటీవలి మార్పులు</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81"><span>కొత్త పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="n-దస్త్రం-ఎక్కింపు" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:File_Upload_Wizard"><span>దస్త్రం ఎక్కింపు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">పరికరాల పెట్టె</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఇక్కడికి లింకై ఉన్న అన్ని వికీ పేజీల జాబితా [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ఇక్కడికి లింకున్న పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" rel="nofollow" title="ఈ పేజీకి లింకై ఉన్న పేజీల్లో జరిగిన ఇటీవలి మార్పులు [k]" accesskey="k"><span>సంబంధిత మార్పులు</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/వికీపీడియా:ఫైల్_ఎక్కింపు_విజర్డు" title="దస్త్రాలను ఎక్కించండి [u]" accesskey="u"><span>దస్త్రపు ఎక్కింపు</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ప్రత్యేక పేజీలన్నిటి జాబితా [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ప్రత్యేక పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;oldid=4334726" title="ఈ పేజీకి చెందిన ఈ కూర్పుకు శాశ్వత లింకు"><span>శాశ్వత లింకు</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=info" title="ఈ పేజీ గురించి మరింత సమాచారం"><span>పేజీ సమాచారం</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:CiteThisPage&amp;page=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;id=4334726&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ఈ పేజీని ఎలా ఉల్లేఖించాలనే దానిపై సమాచారం"><span>ఈ పేజీని ఉల్లేఖించండి</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fte.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B0%25AC%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%2597%25E0%25B1%2587%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%25BE"><span>పొట్టి URL ని పొందండి</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fte.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B0%25AC%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%2597%25E0%25B1%2587%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%25BE"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ముద్రణ/ఎగుమతి</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE"><span>ఓ పుస్తకాన్ని సృష్టించండి</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF రూపంలో దించుకోండి</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;printable=yes" title="ఈ పేజీకి ముద్రించుకోదగ్గ కూర్పు [p]" accesskey="p"><span>అచ్చుతీయదగ్గ కూర్పు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ఇతర ప్రాజెక్టులలో</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q219" title="ఈ పేజీకి జత చేసి ఉన్న వికీడేటా పేజీకి లంకె [g]" accesskey="g"><span>వికీడేటా అంశం</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ఇతర భాషలు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="విశేష వ్యాసాలు"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇంగ్లీష్" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ఇంగ్లీష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – హిందీ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बुल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="హిందీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯ – కన్నడ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="కన్నడ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="பல்காரியா – తమిళము" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பல்காரியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="తమిళము" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ബൾഗേറിയ – మలయాళం" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബൾഗേറിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="మలయాళం" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Болгариа – అబ్ఖాజియన్" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Болгариа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="అబ్ఖాజియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఆఖినీస్" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ఆఖినీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Булгарие – అడిగాబ్జే" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Булгарие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="అడిగాబ్జే" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="విశేష వ్యాసాలు"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarye" title="Bulgarye – ఆఫ్రికాన్స్" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bulgarye" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ఆఫ్రికాన్స్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – స్విస్ జర్మన్" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="స్విస్ జర్మన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D%E1%8C%8B%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%AB" title="ቡልጋሪያ – అమ్హారిక్" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቡልጋሪያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="అమ్హారిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – అరగోనిస్" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="అరగోనిస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulgaraland" title="Pulgaraland – ప్రాచీన ఆంగ్లం" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Pulgaraland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ప్రాచీన ఆంగ్లం" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buligaria" title="Buligaria – ఒబోలో" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Buligaria" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="ఒబోలో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बल्गारिया – ఆంగిక" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ఆంగిక" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلغاريا – అరబిక్" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلغاريا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="అరబిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%93%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܒܘܠܓܐܪܝܐ – అరామైక్" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܘܠܓܐܪܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="అరామైక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلغاريا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بلغاريا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلجاريا – ఈజిప్షియన్ అరబిక్" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بلجاريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="ఈజిప్షియన్ అరబిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఆస్టూరియన్" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ఆస్టూరియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Булгъар – అవారిక్" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Булгъар" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="అవారిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgaria" title="Balgaria – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Balgaria" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – అవధి" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बुल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="అవధి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulkariya" title="Bulkariya – ఐమారా" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Bulkariya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ఐమారా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolqar%C4%B1stan" title="Bolqarıstan – అజర్బైజాని" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bolqarıstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="అజర్బైజాని" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بولغاریستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بولغاریستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – బాష్కిర్" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="బాష్కిర్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – బాలినీస్" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="బాలినీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buigarien" title="Buigarien – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Buigarien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Bulgarėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bulgarėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bulgarya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Балгарыя – బెలారుషియన్" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Балгарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="బెలారుషియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Баўгарыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Баўгарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bulgari" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="България – బల్గేరియన్" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="България" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="బల్గేరియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बुल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – బిస్లామా" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="బిస్లామా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%B0%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ဗူဂေးရီးယားခမ်းထီ – Pa&#039;O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဗူဂေးရီးယားခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa&#039;O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – బంబారా" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="బంబారా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="বুলগেরিয়া – బంగ్లా" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বুলগেরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="బంగ్లా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="པུ་ར་ག་རི་ཡ། – టిబెటన్" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པུ་ར་ག་རི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="టిబెటన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="বুলগেরিয়া – బిష్ణుప్రియ" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="বুলগেরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="బిష్ణుప్రియ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – బ్రెటన్" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="బ్రెటన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – బోస్నియన్" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bugarska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="బోస్నియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A0ria" title="Bulgària – కాటలాన్" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bulgària" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="కాటలాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – చెచెన్" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="చెచెన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – సెబువానో" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="సెబువానో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – చమర్రో" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="చమర్రో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8A%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A8%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A0" title="ᏊᎵᎨᎵᎠ – చెరోకీ" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏊᎵᎨᎵᎠ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="చెరోకీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بولگاریا – సెంట్రల్ కర్డిష్" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بولگاریا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="సెంట్రల్ కర్డిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – కోర్సికన్" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="కోర్సికన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bul%C4%9Faristan" title="Bulğaristan – క్రిమియన్ టర్కిష్" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Bulğaristan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="క్రిమియన్ టర్కిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsko" title="Bulharsko – చెక్" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bulharsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="చెక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B9%C5%82gari%C3%B4" title="Bùłgariô – కషుబియన్" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Bùłgariô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="కషుబియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Блъгарїꙗ – చర్చ్ స్లావిక్" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Блъгарїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="చర్చ్ స్లావిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – చువాష్" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="చువాష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwlgaria" title="Bwlgaria – వెల్ష్" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bwlgaria" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="వెల్ష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – డానిష్" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="డానిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – జర్మన్" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="జర్మన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – డింకా" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="డింకా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bul%C4%9Far%C4%B1stan" title="Bulğarıstan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Bulğarıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulga%C5%95ska" title="Bulgaŕska – లోయర్ సోర్బియన్" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Bulgaŕska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="లోయర్ సోర్బియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="बुल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%AD%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="ބަލްގޭރިއާ – దివేహి" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބަލްގޭރިއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="దివేహి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – యూ" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="యూ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βουλγαρία – గ్రీక్" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βουλγαρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="గ్రీక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%AE" title="Bulgarî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Bulgarî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgario" title="Bulgario – ఎస్పెరాంటో" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bulgario" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ఎస్పెరాంటో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="మంచి వ్యాసాలు"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – స్పానిష్" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="స్పానిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaaria" title="Bulgaaria – ఎస్టోనియన్" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bulgaaria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ఎస్టోనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – బాస్క్యూ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="బాస్క్యూ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بلغارستان – పర్షియన్" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بلغارستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="పర్షియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – ఫ్యుల" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Bulgariya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="ఫ్యుల" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="మంచి వ్యాసాలు"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఫిన్నిష్" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ఫిన్నిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaaria" title="Bulgaaria – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Bulgaaria" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఫారోస్" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ఫారోస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – ఫ్రెంచ్" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ఫ్రెంచ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaarien" title="Bulgaarien – ఉత్తర ఫ్రిసియన్" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bulgaarien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ఉత్తర ఫ్రిసియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – ఫ్రియులియన్" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="ఫ్రియులియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – పశ్చిమ ఫ్రిసియన్" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="పశ్చిమ ఫ్రిసియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Bhulg%C3%A1ir" title="An Bhulgáir – ఐరిష్" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Bhulgáir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ఐరిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – గాగౌజ్" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Bulgariya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="గాగౌజ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞 – గాన్ చైనీస్" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="保加利亞" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="గాన్ చైనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgari" title="Bilgari – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Bilgari" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A0iria" title="Bulgàiria – స్కాటిష్ గేలిక్" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bulgàiria" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="స్కాటిష్ గేలిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – గాలిషియన్" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="గాలిషియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vug%C3%A1ria" title="Vugária – గ్వారనీ" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Vugária" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="గ్వారనీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बल्गेरिया – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="बल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌱𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰 – గోథిక్" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌱𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="గోథిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="બલ્ગેરિયા – గుజరాతి" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બલ્ગેરિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="గుజరాతి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Vulgeyr" title="Yn Vulgeyr – మాంక్స్" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Vulgeyr" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="మాంక్స్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeriya" title="Bulgeriya – హౌసా" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Bulgeriya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="హౌసా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – హక్కా చైనీస్" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="హక్కా చైనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulukalia" title="Pulukalia – హవాయియన్" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Pulukalia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="హవాయియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="בולגריה – హిబ్రూ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בולגריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="హిబ్రూ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – క్రొయేషియన్" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bugarska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="క్రొయేషియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%82harska" title="Bołharska – అప్పర్ సోర్బియన్" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bołharska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="అప్పర్ సోర్బియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgari" title="Bilgari – హైటియన్ క్రియోల్" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bilgari" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="హైటియన్ క్రియోల్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – హంగేరియన్" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="హంగేరియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Բուլղարիա – ఆర్మేనియన్" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բուլղարիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ఆర్మేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Պուլկարիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պուլկարիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇంటర్లింగ్వా" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ఇంటర్లింగ్వా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఐబాన్" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ఐబాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇండోనేషియన్" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ఇండోనేషియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇంటర్లింగ్" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="ఇంటర్లింగ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇగ్బో" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ఇగ్బో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఐలోకో" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ఐలోకో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – ఇంగుష్" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ఇంగుష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఈడో" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ఈడో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAlgar%C3%ADa" title="Búlgaría – ఐస్లాండిక్" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Búlgaría" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ఐస్లాండిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇటాలియన్" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ఇటాలియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="ブルガリア – జపనీస్" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブルガリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="జపనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgieria" title="Bulgieria – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Bulgieria" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bylgAri,as" title="bylgAri,as – లోజ్బాన్" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="bylgAri,as" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="లోజ్బాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari – జావనీస్" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bulgari" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="జావనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბულგარეთი – జార్జియన్" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბულგარეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="జార్జియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya – కారా-కల్పాక్" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Bolgariya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="కారా-కల్పాక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – కాబిల్" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Bulgarya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="కాబిల్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D" title="Балгариэ – కబార్డియన్" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Балгариэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="కబార్డియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puligari" title="Puligari – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Puligari" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buli%CC%B1gariya" title="Buli̱gariya – ట్యాప్" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Buli̱gariya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="ట్యాప్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgaria" title="Balgaria – కోంగో" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Balgaria" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="కోంగో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocyugo" title="Bocyugo – కికుయు" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Bocyugo" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="కికుయు" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – కజఖ్" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="కజఖ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B8" title="ប៊ុលហ្ការី – ఖ్మేర్" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប៊ុលហ្ការី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ఖ్మేర్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="불가리아 – కొరియన్" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="불가리아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="కొరియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A7%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бӧлгария – కోమి-పర్మాక్" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Бӧлгария" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="కోమి-పర్మాక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – కరచే-బల్కార్" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="కరచే-బల్కార్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – కొలోనియన్" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="కొలోనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan – కుర్దిష్" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bulgaristan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="కుర్దిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – కోమి" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="కోమి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari – కోర్నిష్" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bulgari" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="కోర్నిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – కిర్గిజ్" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="కిర్గిజ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – లాటిన్" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="లాటిన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – లాడినో" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="లాడినో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – లక్సెంబర్గిష్" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="లక్సెంబర్గిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – లేజ్ఘియన్" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="లేజ్ఘియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgaria" title="Balgaria – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Balgaria" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – లిమ్బర్గిష్" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="లిమ్బర్గిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%AEa" title="Bulgarîa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bulgarîa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BClgaria" title="Bülgaria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bülgaria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – లింగాల" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="లింగాల" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດບູນກາລີ – లావో" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດບູນກາລີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="లావో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija – లిథువేనియన్" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bulgarija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="లిథువేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgareja" title="Bulgareja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Bulgareja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C4%81rija" title="Bulgārija – లాట్వియన్" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bulgārija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="లాట్వియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – మాదురీస్" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="మాదురీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – మైథిలి" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बुल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="మైథిలి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – మోక్ష" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="మోక్ష" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgaria" title="Bolgaria – మలగాసి" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bolgaria" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="మలగాసి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Болгарий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Болгарий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puruk%C4%81ria" title="Purukāria – మావొరీ" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Purukāria" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="మావొరీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – మినాంగ్‌కాబో" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="మినాంగ్‌కాబో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Бугарија – మాసిడోనియన్" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бугарија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="మాసిడోనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Болгар – మంగోలియన్" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Болгар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="మంగోలియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%9C%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯕꯜꯒꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ – మణిపురి" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯕꯜꯒꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="మణిపురి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बल्गेरिया – మరాఠీ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="మరాఠీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – మలయ్" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="మలయ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija – మాల్టీస్" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Bulgarija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="మాల్టీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – మిరాండిస్" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="మిరాండిస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဘူလ်ဂေးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ – బర్మీస్" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘူလ်ဂေးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="బర్మీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Болгария Мастор – ఎర్జియా" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Болгария Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ఎర్జియా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بلغارستون – మాసన్‌దెరాని" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بلغارستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="మాసన్‌దెరాని" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – నియాపోలిటన్" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="నియాపోలిటన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – లో జర్మన్" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="లో జర్మన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – లో సాక్సన్" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="లో సాక్సన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – నేపాలి" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बुल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="నేపాలి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – నెవారి" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बुल्गेरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="నెవారి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – డచ్" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="డచ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – నార్వేజియాన్ న్యోర్స్క్" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="నార్వేజియాన్ న్యోర్స్క్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – నార్వేజియన్ బొక్మాల్" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="నార్వేజియన్ బొక్మాల్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఉత్తర సోతో" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="ఉత్తర సోతో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dits%CA%BCoz%C3%AD_Da%CA%BCalzhishii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Ditsʼozí Daʼalzhishii Bikéyah – నవాజొ" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ditsʼozí Daʼalzhishii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="నవాజొ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఆక్సిటన్" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ఆక్సిటన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolguarii" title="Bolguarii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Bolguarii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeeriyaa" title="Bulgeeriyaa – ఒరోమో" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Bulgeeriyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="ఒరోమో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – ఒసేటిక్" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Болгари" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ఒసేటిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆ – పంజాబీ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="పంజాబీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – పంగాసినాన్" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Bulgariya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="పంగాసినాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – పంపన్గా" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="పంపన్గా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – పపియమేంటో" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="పపియమేంటో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – పాలీ" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="बुल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="పాలీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeriya" title="Bulgeriya – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Bulgeriya" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C5%82garia" title="Bułgaria – పోలిష్" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bułgaria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="పోలిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%ACa" title="Bulgarìa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Bulgarìa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بلغاریا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بلغاریا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βουλγαρία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Βουλγαρία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بلغاریا – పాష్టో" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بلغاریا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="పాష్టో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – పోర్చుగీస్" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="పోర్చుగీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulqarya" title="Pulqarya – కెచువా" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pulqarya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="కెచువా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – రోమన్ష్" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="రోమన్ష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Bulgariya" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – రుండి" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="రుండి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – రోమేనియన్" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="రోమేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vurgaria" title="Vurgaria – ఆరోమేనియన్" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Vurgaria" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="ఆరోమేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – రష్యన్" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="రష్యన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Болгарія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Болгарія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugariya" title="Bulugariya – కిన్యర్వాండా" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Bulugariya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="కిన్యర్వాండా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – సంస్కృతం" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बुल्गारिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="సంస్కృతం" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – సాఖా" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="సాఖా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱵᱩᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ – సంతాలి" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱩᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="సంతాలి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – సార్డీనియన్" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="సార్డీనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%ACa" title="Bulgarìa – సిసిలియన్" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bulgarìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="సిసిలియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – స్కాట్స్" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="స్కాట్స్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلگاريا – సింధీ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بلگاريا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="సింధీ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – ఉత్తర సామి" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="ఉత్తర సామి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugar%C3%AFi" title="Bulugarïi – సాంగో" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Bulugarïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="సాంగో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – సేర్బో-క్రొయేషియన్" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bugarska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="సేర్బో-క్రొయేషియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bul%C9%A3arya" title="Bulɣarya – టాచెల్‌హిట్" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Bulɣarya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="టాచెల్‌హిట్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%81%B5%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းပူႇၵႃႇရီႇယႃႇ – షాన్" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းပူႇၵႃႇရီႇယႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="షాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="බල්ගේරියාව – సింహళం" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බල්ගේරියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="సింహళం" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsko" title="Bulharsko – స్లోవక్" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bulharsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="స్లోవక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="بلغاریہ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="بلغاریہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgarija" title="Bolgarija – స్లోవేనియన్" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bolgarija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="స్లోవేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bultalia" title="Bultalia – సమోవన్" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Bultalia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="సమోవన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ఇనారి సామి" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ఇనారి సామి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhurugariya" title="Bhurugariya – షోన" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhurugariya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="షోన" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaariya" title="Bulgaariya – సోమాలి" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bulgaariya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="సోమాలి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullgaria" title="Bullgaria – అల్బేనియన్" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bullgaria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="అల్బేనియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бугарска – సెర్బియన్" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бугарска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="సెర్బియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarikondre" title="Bulgarikondre – స్రానన్ టోంగో" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Bulgarikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="స్రానన్ టోంగో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBhulgariya" title="IBhulgariya – స్వాతి" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IBhulgariya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="స్వాతి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – దక్షిణ సోతో" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="దక్షిణ సోతో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – సండానీస్" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="సండానీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – స్వీడిష్" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="స్వీడిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – స్వాహిలి" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="స్వాహిలి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C5%82garyjo" title="Bułgaryjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Bułgaryjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – టేటం" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="టేటం" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Булғористон – తజిక్" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Булғористон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="తజిక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย – థాయ్" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="థాయ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgari%C3%BDa" title="Bolgariýa – తుర్క్‌మెన్" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Bolgariýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="తుర్క్‌మెన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – టగలాగ్" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bulgarya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="టగలాగ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgaristan" title="Bolgaristan – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Bolgaristan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulukalia" title="Pulukalia – టాంగాన్" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Pulukalia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="టాంగాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgeria" title="Balgeria – టోక్ పిసిన్" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Balgeria" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="టోక్ పిసిన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan – టర్కిష్" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bulgaristan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="టర్కిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – తరోకో" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="తరోకో" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – సోంగా" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="సోంగా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – టాటర్" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="టాటర్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – టుంబుకా" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="టుంబుకా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – ట్వి" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="ట్వి" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – ఉడ్ముర్ట్" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Болгария" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="ఉడ్ముర్ట్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="بۇلغارىيە – ఉయ్‌ఘర్" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۇلغارىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ఉయ్‌ఘర్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Болгарія – ఉక్రెయినియన్" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Болгарія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ఉక్రెయినియన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="بلغاریہ – ఉర్దూ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بلغاریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ఉర్దూ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya – ఉజ్బెక్" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bolgariya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ఉజ్బెక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%ACa" title="Bulgarìa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Bulgarìa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgarii" title="Bolgarii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Bolgarii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – వియత్నామీస్" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="వియత్నామీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgareye" title="Bulgareye – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Bulgareye" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%A4n" title="Bulgarän – వోలాపుక్" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bulgarän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="వోలాపుక్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgareye" title="Bulgareye – వాలూన్" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bulgareye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="వాలూన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – వారే" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="వారే" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaari" title="Bulgaari – ఉలూఫ్" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bulgaari" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="ఉలూఫ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚 – వు చైనీస్" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="保加利亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="వు చైనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBulgariya" title="IBulgariya – షోసా" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IBulgariya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="షోసా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბულგარეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბულგარეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="בולגאריע – ఇడ్డిష్" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בולגאריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ఇడ్డిష్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B9lg%C3%A1r%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Bùlgáríà – యోరుబా" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bùlgáríà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="యోరుబా" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – జువాన్" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="జువాన్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharije" title="Bulharije – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Bulharije" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%96%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ – ప్రామాణిక మొరొకన్ టామజైట్" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="ప్రామాణిక మొరొకన్ టామజైట్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚 – చైనీస్" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保加利亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="చైనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="保加利亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – మిన్ నాన్ చైనీస్" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="మిన్ నాన్ చైనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞 – కాంటనీస్" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="保加利亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="కాంటనీస్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBulgariya" title="IBulgariya – జూలూ" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IBulgariya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="జూలూ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q219#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="భాషాలింకులను మార్చు" class="wbc-editpage">లంకెలను మార్చు</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ఈ పేజీలో చివరి మార్పు 2 అక్టోబరు 2024న 06:20కు జరిగింది.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">పాఠ్యం <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">క్రియేటివ్ కామన్స్ అట్రిబ్యూషన్/షేర్-ఎలైక్ లైసెన్సు</a>; క్రింద లభ్యం అదనపు షరతులు వర్తించవచ్చు. మరిన్ని వివరాలకు <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">వాడుక నియమాలను</a> చూడండి.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">గోప్యతా విధానం</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF">వికీపీడియా గురించి</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81">అస్వీకారములు</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">వృద్ధికారులు</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/te.wikipedia.org">గణాంకాలు</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">కుకీ ప్రకటన</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//te.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">మొబైల్ వీక్షణ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("This page is using the deprecated ResourceLoader module \"codex-search-styles\".\n[1.43] Use a CodexModule with codexComponents to set your specific components used: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Codex#Using_a_limited_subset_of_components");mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-phpnv","wgBackendResponseTime":207,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.326","walltime":"2.579","ppvisitednodes":{"value":14054,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":544927,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":16618,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1004952,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2251.378 1 -total"," 55.13% 1241.239 1 మూస:మూలాలజాబితా"," 31.91% 718.379 145 మూస:Cite_web"," 17.16% 386.433 1 మూస:Infobox_Country"," 11.34% 255.375 56 మూస:Cite_book"," 10.71% 241.053 28 మూస:Sfn"," 6.42% 144.651 5 మూస:Lang"," 6.28% 141.282 34 మూస:Cite_news"," 4.40% 99.087 1 మూస:ఐరోపా"," 4.21% 94.723 1 మూస:Navbox_generic"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.471","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":24086349,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAlbala2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlamires2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoardmanEdwardsSollberger1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBohlen1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBroadberryKlein2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrowning1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrowning1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCIA_World_Factbook2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCameron2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCapital.bg\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarvalho2007\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFChapman2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChenoweth2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrampton1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrampton2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrampton2007\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFCreed2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD._Angelov1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDachexDimitrovTomovMatviichuk2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDetrez2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDillon1920\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDonchev2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFErtl2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFishman2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForbes1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorgievaSalchev2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGiatzidis2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrabar1928\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrande2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGurov2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHockJoseph1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIvanov2007\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFIvanovaKostovSapunovaDandolov1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_David_Bourchier1911\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFJireček1876\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKanev2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKiminas2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKozinn1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKremenliev1952\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLang1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLorenz2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDermott1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcNeill1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMidgette2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMinkov2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMintchev1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMishev2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMrŭchkov2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNicolaus_Heinen2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOstrogorsky1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul_Robert_Magocsi1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPavlov,_Plamen2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPavlowitch2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPenin2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPinon1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRiha1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobertsThornton2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRothLauth_Bacas2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoudometofRobertson2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRunciman1930\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScylitzae1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShopov2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSigfried_J._de_Laet1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlavchev2004–2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStephen_BroadberryAlexander_Klein2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSygkelos2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrever1939\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTuckerWood1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVachkovIvanov2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWorld_Socialist_Web_Site2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZlatarski1938\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Bar box\"] = 1,\n [\"Bar percent\"] = 5,\n [\"Bg icon\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 56,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 34,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 146,\n [\"Decrease\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Imageframe\"] = 1,\n [\"Increase\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox Country\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 5,\n [\"Lang-bg\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 2,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 28,\n [\"Sisterlinks\"] = 1,\n [\"Smallsup\"] = 1,\n [\"Spaces\"] = 4,\n [\"Transl\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n [\"ఐరోపా\"] = 1,\n [\"మూలాలజాబితా\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","260","16.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","180","11.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","140","9.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","140","9.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","120","7.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","100","6.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","40","2.6"],["\u003Cమాడ్యూల్:Citation/CS1:813\u003E","40","2.6"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","40","2.6"],["\u003Cmw.uri.lua:26\u003E","40","2.6"],["[others]","460","29.5"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7f58d5dcf5-xzfk8","timestamp":"20241109055457","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0c2c\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c17\u0c47\u0c30\u0c3f\u0c2f\u0c3e","url":"https:\/\/te.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q219","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q219","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-03-24T20:09:41Z","dateModified":"2024-10-02T06:20:10Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9a\/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg","headline":"\u0c24\u0c42\u0c30\u0c4d\u0c2a\u0c41 \u0c10\u0c30\u0c4b\u0c2a\u0c3e \u0c16\u0c02\u0c21\u0c02\u0c32\u0c4b\u0c28\u0c3f \u0c12\u0c15 \u0c26\u0c47\u0c36\u0c02"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10