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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Strukturformel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 39 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struktuurformule" title="Struktuurformule – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Struktuurformule" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="صيغة بنيوية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صيغة بنيوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Структурна формула – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Структурна формула" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturna_formula" title="Strukturna formula – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Strukturna formula" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formulenn_diorroet_plaen" title="Formulenn diorroet plaen – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Formulenn diorroet plaen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3rmula_estructural" title="Fórmula estructural – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fórmula estructural" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Структурăлла формула – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Структурăлла формула" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fformiwla_adeileddol" title="Fformiwla adeileddol – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fformiwla adeileddol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Strukturformel – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Strukturformel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Strukturformel – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Strukturformel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struktuurivalem" title="Struktuurivalem – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Struktuurivalem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_(%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Συντακτικός τύπος (χημεία) – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συντακτικός τύπος (χημεία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula" title="Structural formula – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Structural formula" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3rmula_estructural" title="Fórmula estructural – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fórmula estructural" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struktura_formulo" title="Struktura formulo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Struktura formulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="فرمول ساختاری – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرمول ساختاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formule_structurale" title="Formule structurale – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Formule structurale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EC%8B%9D" title="구조식 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구조식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="संरचना सूत्र – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संरचना सूत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumus_struktur" title="Rumus struktur – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumus struktur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_di_struttura" title="Formula di struttura – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Formula di struttura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Құрылымдық формула – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құрылымдық формула" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuurformule" title="Structuurformule – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Structuurformule" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%BC%8F" title="構造式 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="構造式" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Strukturformel – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Strukturformel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Strukturformel – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Strukturformel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Strukturformel – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Strukturformel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3rmula_estrutural" title="Fórmula estrutural – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fórmula estrutural" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formul%C4%83_structural%C4%83" title="Formulă structurală – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Formulă structurală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Структурная формула – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Структурная формула" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0trukt%C3%BArny_vzorec" title="Štruktúrny vzorec – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Štruktúrny vzorec" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturna_formula" title="Strukturna formula – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Strukturna formula" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8E%D9%88%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8E%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86" title="شێوگی پێکھاتن – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شێوگی پێکھاتن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturna_formula" title="Strukturna formula – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Strukturna formula" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturna_formula" title="Strukturna formula – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Strukturna formula" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakennekaava" title="Rakennekaava – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rakennekaava" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Структурна формула – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Структурна формула" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_th%E1%BB%A9c_c%E1%BA%A5u_t%E1%BA%A1o" title="Công thức cấu tạo – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Công thức cấu tạo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%BC%8F" title="结构式 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="结构式" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q496353#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Strukturformel" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Strukturformel" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Strukturformel&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strukturformel&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q496353" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg/250px-Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg/375px-Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg/500px-Water_with_4_single_electrons.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="566" /></a><figcaption>Lewisstruktur för en vattenmolekyl.</figcaption></figure> <p>En <b>strukturformel</b> är en <a href="/wiki/Notation" title="Notation">notation</a> som <a href="/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi">kemister</a> använder för att visa hur <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomerna</a> är bundna till varandra i en <a href="/wiki/Molekyl" title="Molekyl">molekyl</a>. Strukturformler ska inte förväxlas med den enklare typ av <a href="/wiki/Kemisk_formel" title="Kemisk formel">kemisk formel</a> som kallas <a href="/wiki/Summaformel" title="Summaformel">summaformel</a> och bara redogör för antalet atomer av varje atomslag. </p><p>Textbaserade strukturformler kan vara behändiga när det inte finns möjlighet att rita ut molekylerna grafiskt. Till exempel kan <a href="/wiki/Etanol" title="Etanol">etanol</a> skrivas som CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH </p><p>I en lewisstruktur representeras atomkärnorna av grundämnets förkortning som det skrivs i det <a href="/wiki/Periodiska_systemet" title="Periodiska systemet">periodiska systemet</a>. Enskilda elektroner ritas ut som punkter. <a href="/wiki/Elektronpar" title="Elektronpar">Elektronpar</a> ritas som streck. Ett enkelt streck mellan två atomer motsvarar en <a href="/wiki/Enkelbindning" class="mw-redirect" title="Enkelbindning">enkelbindning</a>, ett dubbelt streck motsvarar en <a href="/wiki/Dubbelbindning" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbelbindning">dubbelbindning</a> och ett trippelt streck motsvarar en <a href="/wiki/Trippelbindning" class="mw-redirect" title="Trippelbindning">trippelbindning</a>. </p><p>Inom <a href="/wiki/Organisk_kemi" title="Organisk kemi">organisk kemi</a> är det vanligt med att bokstaven C inte skrivs ut för kol, så att kolatomen ser ut som ett hörn och att både väteatomerna och deras bindningar helt utelämnas. Om en molekyl är stor och man bara är intresserad av den delen av molekylen som är inblandad i en reaktion kan man använda bokstaven R för att beteckna en godtycklig fortsättning av molekylen. Laddningar representeras av ett inringat plustecken för positiv laddning eller ett inringat minustecken för negativ laddning (Laddningarna ringas in för att skilja dem från plustecknen som används i reaktionsformlerna). Partiella laddningar representeras av den grekiska bokstaven delta följt av ett plustecken eller minustecken. </p> <table class="wikitable centered" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="height:30px; width: 12.5%"> </th> <th colspan="4" style="height:15px"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Strukturformler</a> </th> <th colspan="3" style="height:15px">Andra framställningar </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/wiki/Elektronformel" title="Elektronformel">Elektronformel</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valensformel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valensformel [inte skriven än]">Valensformel</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nattaprojektion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nattaprojektion [inte skriven än]">Nattaprojektion</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renklad_strukturformel" title="Förenklad strukturformel">Skelettformel</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstitutionsformel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstitutionsformel [inte skriven än]">Konstitutionsformel</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/wiki/Summaformel" title="Summaformel">Summaformel</a> </th> <th style="width: 12.5%"><a href="/wiki/Empirisk_formel" title="Empirisk formel">Empirisk formel</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#EFEFEF"><a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">Metan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Methan_Elektronenformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Methan_Elektronenformel.svg/50px-Methan_Elektronenformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Methan_Elektronenformel.svg/75px-Methan_Elektronenformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Methan_Elektronenformel.svg/100px-Methan_Elektronenformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="125" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Methan_Lewis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Methan_Lewis.svg/60px-Methan_Lewis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Methan_Lewis.svg/90px-Methan_Lewis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Methan_Lewis.svg/120px-Methan_Lewis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="107" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Methan_Struktur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Methan_Struktur.svg/70px-Methan_Struktur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Methan_Struktur.svg/105px-Methan_Struktur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Methan_Struktur.svg/140px-Methan_Struktur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="130" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">existerar inte </td> <td>CH<sub>4</sub> </td> <td>CH<sub>4</sub> </td> <td>CH<sub>4</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#EFEFEF"><a href="/wiki/Propan" title="Propan">Propan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Propan_Elektronenformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Propan_Elektronenformel.svg/90px-Propan_Elektronenformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Propan_Elektronenformel.svg/135px-Propan_Elektronenformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Propan_Elektronenformel.svg/180px-Propan_Elektronenformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="171" data-file-height="126" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Propan_Lewis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Propan_Lewis.svg/130px-Propan_Lewis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Propan_Lewis.svg/195px-Propan_Lewis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Propan_Lewis.svg/260px-Propan_Lewis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="107" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Propan_Struktur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Propan_Struktur.svg/110px-Propan_Struktur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Propan_Struktur.svg/165px-Propan_Struktur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Propan_Struktur.svg/220px-Propan_Struktur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="149" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Propan_Skelettformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Propan_Skelettformel.svg/60px-Propan_Skelettformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Propan_Skelettformel.svg/90px-Propan_Skelettformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Propan_Skelettformel.svg/120px-Propan_Skelettformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="93" data-file-height="34" /></a></span> </td> <td>CH<sub>3</sub>–CH<sub>2</sub>–CH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> </td> <td>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#EFEFEF"><a href="/wiki/%C3%84ttiksyra" title="Ättiksyra">Ättiksyra</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg/90px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg/135px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg/180px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Elektronenformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="125" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg/110px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg/165px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg/220px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Valenzstrichformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="201" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg/110px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg/165px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg/220px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Struktur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="130" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg/60px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg/90px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg/120px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelettformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="113" data-file-height="114" /></a></span> </td> <td>CH<sub>3</sub>–COOH </td> <td>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>CH<sub>2</sub>O </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#EFEFEF"><a href="/wiki/Vatten" title="Vatten">Vatten</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg/50px-Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg/75px-Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg/100px-Wasser_Elektronenformel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:WasserValenz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/WasserValenz.svg/40px-WasserValenz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/WasserValenz.svg/60px-WasserValenz.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/WasserValenz.svg/80px-WasserValenz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="78" data-file-height="103" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:WasserKonstitution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/WasserKonstitution.svg/40px-WasserKonstitution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/WasserKonstitution.svg/60px-WasserKonstitution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/WasserKonstitution.svg/80px-WasserKonstitution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="73" data-file-height="103" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">existerar inte </td> <td>existerar inte </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>O </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>O </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; ; color: inherit;">Denna tabell: <a href="/wiki/Mall:Kemiska_formler" title="Mall:Kemiska formler"><span title="Visa denna mall" style=";">visa</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Kemiska_formler&action=edit"><span style=";" title="Redigera den här mallen">redigera</span></a></div> </th></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strukturformel&oldid=54285453">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strukturformel&oldid=54285453</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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