CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="tt" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Җөмһүрият — Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )ttwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","гыйнвар","февраль","март","апрель","май","июнь","июль","август","сентябрь","октябрь","ноябрь","декабрь"],"wgRequestId":"91b892a2-fa5e-46bc-a9f1-613f281de80b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Җөмһүрият","wgTitle":"Җөмһүрият","wgCurRevisionId":4115764,"wgRevisionId":4115764,"wgArticleId":12510,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Тәмамланмаган мәкаләләр","Сәясәт","Калыпын төгәлрәк эшләргә кирәк булган мәкалә төпчекләре"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"tt","wgPageContentLanguage":"tt","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Җөмһүрият","wgRelevantArticleId":12510,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true ,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"tt","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"tt"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":900,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7270","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns", "ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tt&modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=tt&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tt&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Җөмһүрият — Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Үзгәртү" href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (tt)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tt.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom-каналы Wikipedia исемле сайт белән" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Җөмһүрият rootpage-Җөмһүрият skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Эчтәлеккә күчү</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Төп меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Төп меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Төп меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">яшерү</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигация </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Баш биткә күчү [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Баш бит</span></a></li><li id="n-browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AD%D1%87%D1%82%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA"><span>Эчтәлек</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Исемлек</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9E%D1%87%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99" title="Очраклы битне карау [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Очраклы бит</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A5%D3%99%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хәзерге вакыйгалар турында мәгълүматны табу"><span>Агымдагы вакыйгалар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Катнашу </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%96%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D3%99%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Проект турында, биредә нәрсә белән шөгыльләнергә мөмкин һәм кайда кирәкле әйберләрне табу."><span>Җәмгыять үзәге</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D3%99%D1%85%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5:%D2%96%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D3%99%D0%B3%D0%B5"><span>Бәхәслек</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Соңгы үзгәрешләр исемлеге [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Соңгы үзгәрешләр</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%AF%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82"><span>Яңа битләр</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC" title="Белешмә алу өчен урын"><span>Ярдәм</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tt.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tt.svg" width="116" height="13" style="width: 7.25em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%AD%D0%B7%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia эчендә эзләү [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Эзләү</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia эчендә эзләү" aria-label="Wikipedia эчендә эзләү" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia эчендә эзләү [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Махсус:Эзләү"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Эзләү</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Шәхси кораллар"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Внешний вид" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Внешний вид</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tt.wikipedia.org&uselang=tt" class=""><span>Иганә итү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%99%D0%BB%D2%AF&returnto=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Сезгә аккаунт ясарга һәм системага керергә киңәш итәбез, әмма бу мәҗбүри түгел." class=""><span>Хисап язмасын төзү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5&returnto=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Сезгә системага керергә тәкъдим ителә, әмма бу мәҗбүри түгел [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Керү</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Шәхси кораллар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Шәхси кораллар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Кулланучы менюсы" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tt.wikipedia.org&uselang=tt"><span>Иганә итү</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%99%D0%BB%D2%AF&returnto=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Сезгә аккаунт ясарга һәм системага керергә киңәш итәбез, әмма бу мәҗбүри түгел."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Хисап язмасын төзү</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5&returnto=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Сезгә системага керергә тәкъдим ителә, әмма бу мәҗбүри түгел [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Керү</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>күбрәк белү</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Әлеге IP-адрестан кертелгән төзәтмәләр [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Кертемнәр</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D3%99%D1%85%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Бу IP-адрестагы төзәтмәләр буенча фикер алышу [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Фикер алышу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eяшерү\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"tt\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 0 0 3px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"color: grey; max-width:1280px; margin: 5px auto; font-family: Tahoma, \u0026#39;DejaVu Sans Condensed\u0026#39;, sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; position: relative;\"\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5\" title=\"Төркем:Татар мәдәнияте\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sabantuy-emblem.jpg/12px-Sabantuy-emblem.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sabantuy-emblem.jpg/18px-Sabantuy-emblem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sabantuy-emblem.jpg/24px-Sabantuy-emblem.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1003\" data-file-height=\"1037\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5\" title=\"Төркем:Татар мәдәнияте\"\u003EТатар дөньясын\u003C/a\u003E баетабыз: \u003Csmall\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Tatar\" title=\"oldwikisource:Category:Tatar\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"13\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"410\" data-file-height=\"430\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Tatar\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"oldwikisource:Category:Tatar\"\u003EӘсәрләр\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://tt.wikibooks.org/wiki/\" title=\"Әсбаплар\"\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"Әсбаплар\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/12px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/18px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://tt.wikibooks.org/wiki/\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"b:\"\u003EӘсбаплар\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Community_portal/tt\" title=\"БелемБазасы\"\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"БелемБазасы\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/12px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"7\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/18px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/24px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1050\" data-file-height=\"590\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Community_portal/tt\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"d:Wikidata:Community portal/tt\"\u003EБелемБазасы\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tatar_people\" title=\"c:Category:Tatar people\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"1376\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tatar_people\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"c:Category:Tatar people\"\u003EМедиа\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wq/tt/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82\" title=\"Викиөзек\"\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"Викиөзек\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wikiquote-logo.png/12px-Wikiquote-logo.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wikiquote-logo.png/18px-Wikiquote-logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wikiquote-logo.png/24px-Wikiquote-logo.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"95\" data-file-height=\"109\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wq/tt/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"incubator:Wq/tt/Баш бит\"\u003EӨзекләр\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://tt.wiktionary.org/wiki/\" title=\"wikt:\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/12px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"11\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/18px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"370\" data-file-height=\"350\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://tt.wiktionary.org/wiki/\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikt:\"\u003EСүзлек\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wy/tt/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82\" title=\"Викисәфәр\"\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"Викисәфәр\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/12px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/18px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"193\" data-file-height=\"193\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wy/tt/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"incubator:Wy/tt/Баш бит\"\u003EЮлКүрсәткече\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://w.wiki/69UP\" title=\"Викихарита\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"Викихарита\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/12px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/18px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"256\" data-file-height=\"256\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://w.wiki/69UP\"\u003EКарта\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http://www.wiki-atlas.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/12px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/18px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/24px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"48\" data-file-height=\"48\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.wiki-atlas.org/\"\u003EАтлас\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png/12px-Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png/18px-Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png/24px-Competition_Encyclopedia_Core_var2.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"600\" data-file-height=\"600\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC\" title=\"Ярдәм:Башлаучыларга ярдәм\"\u003EВикиҮзләштерү\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Проектлар\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/12px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"11\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/18px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/24px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"459\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Проектлар\"\u003EПроектлар\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E: \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/2024_%D0%B5%D0%BB#Вафатлар\" title=\"2024 ел\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kerze.png/5px-Kerze.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"5\" height=\"19\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kerze.png/8px-Kerze.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kerze.png/10px-Kerze.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"218\" data-file-height=\"822\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ci\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/2024_%D0%B5%D0%BB#Вафатлар\" title=\"2024 ел\"\u003EХәтерТактасы\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/i\u003E\u003C/u\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD/%D0%95%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Акыллы Татарстан/Ел проекты\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/12px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/18px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/24px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1626\" data-file-height=\"1626\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD/%D0%95%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Акыллы Татарстан/Ел проекты\"\u003EЕлПроекты\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Марафоннар/Агымдагылар\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/12px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/18px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/24px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Марафоннар/Агымдагылар\"\u003EАгымдагыМарафоннар\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E: \u003Ci\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Проект:Төбәк тематик атналыгы\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/20px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"10\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/30px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/40px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1920\" data-file-height=\"975\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B\" title=\"Проект:Төбәк тематик атналыгы\"\u003EТөбәкАтналыгы\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/i\u003E \u003Ci\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B5_2024\" title=\"Википедия:Проект:Азия ае 2024\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/20px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"22\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/30px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/40px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"555\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B5_2024\" title=\"Проект:Азия ае 2024\"\u003EАзия ае 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/i\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\n\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Җөмһүрият</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 181 языке" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-181" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">181 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Республик — адыгейский" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Республик" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адыгейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek" title="Republiek — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Republiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AA%E1%8D%90%E1%89%A5%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%AD" title="ሪፐብሊክ — амхар" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሪፐብሊክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica" title="Republica — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Republica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynew%C4%ABse" title="Cynewīse — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cynewīse" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمهورية — гарәп" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="гарәп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%98%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="جمهوريه — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جمهوريه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Жумгьурият — аварский" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Жумгьурият" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika" title="Respublika — әзәрбайҗан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Respublika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзәрбайҗан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جومهوریت — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جومهوریت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — башкорт" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкорт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respobl%C4%97ka" title="Respoblėka — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Respoblėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рэспубліка — белорус" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорус" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рэспубліка — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiblik" title="Kiblik — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kiblik" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Република — болгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Република" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="रिपब्लिक — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="প্রজাতন্ত্র — бенгали" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রজাতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — бретон" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — босния" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босния" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Бүгэдэ найрамдаха улас — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бүгэдэ найрамдаха улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — каталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کۆمار — үзәк көрд" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="үзәк көрд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumhuriyet" title="Cumhuriyet — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Cumhuriyet" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — чех" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gweriniaeth" title="Gweriniaeth — уэльс" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gweriniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уэльс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — дания" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дания" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — алман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="алман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumhuriyet" title="Cumhuriyet — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cumhuriyet" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="गणतन्त्र — Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_(%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1)" title="Πολιτεία (έννοια) — грек" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολιτεία (έννοια)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica" title="Repùblica — Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Repùblica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic" title="Republic — инглиз" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Republic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="инглиз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яхшы мәкаләләр"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respubliko" title="Respubliko — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Respubliko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — испан" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabariik" title="Vabariik — эстон" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errepublika" title="Errepublika — баск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errepublika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جمهوری — фарсы" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсы" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndenndaandi" title="Ndenndaandi — фула" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ndenndaandi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="фула" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasavalta" title="Tasavalta — фин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forsetaskipan" title="Forsetaskipan — фарер" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Forsetaskipan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique" title="République — француз" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiik" title="Republiik — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Republiik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiche" title="Republiche — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Republiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republyk" title="Republyk — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Republyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblacht" title="Poblacht — ирланд" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Poblacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblachd" title="Poblachd — шотланд гэль" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Poblachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотланд гэль" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — галисия" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисия" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavakuairet%C3%A3" title="Tavakuairetã — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavakuairetã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobblaght" title="Pobblaght — мэнский" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Pobblaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiung-f%C3%B2-koet" title="Khiung-fò-koet — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khiung-fò-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="רפובליקה — яһүд" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רפובליקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="яһүд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="गणराज्य — һинд" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="һинд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganrajya" title="Ganrajya — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ganrajya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — хорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — югары сорб" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="югары сорб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repiblik" title="Repiblik — гаити креол" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Repiblik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаити креол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Köztársaság — венгр" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Köztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгр" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հանրապետություն — әрмән" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հանրապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="әрмән" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հանրապետութիւն — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հանրապետութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica" title="Republica — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Republica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — индонезия" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезия" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiko" title="Republiko — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Republiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi" title="Lýðveldi — исланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lýðveldi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica" title="Repubblica — итальян" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальян" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="共和制 — япон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="共和制" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik" title="Républik — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Républik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რესპუბლიკა — грузин" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika" title="Respublika — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Respublika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagduda" title="Tagduda — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagduda" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="Республикэ — кабардинский" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Республикэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — казакъ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казакъ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B" title="សាធារណរដ្ឋ — кхмер" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សាធារណរដ្ឋ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C" title="공화제 — корея" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공화제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корея" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — карачаево-балкарский" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачаево-балкарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komar" title="Komar — көрд" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Komar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="көрд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblek" title="Repoblek — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Repoblek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — кыргыз" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кыргыз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_publica" title="Res publica — латин" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res publica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repuvlika" title="Repuvlika — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Repuvlika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — люксембург" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rippebliek" title="Rippebliek — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Rippebliek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica" title="Republica — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Republica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republega" title="Republega — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Republega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republ%C3%ADki" title="Republíki — лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Republíki" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ສາທາລະນະລັດ — лаос" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາທາລະນະລັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika" title="Respublika — литва" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Respublika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — латыш" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Республикась — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Республикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblika" title="Repoblika — малагаси" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Repoblika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Республик — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Республик" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Република — македон" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Република" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഗണതന്ത്രം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗണതന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүгд Найрамдах Улс — монгол" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бүгд Найрамдах Улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="प्रजासत्ताक — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रजासत्ताक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — малай" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ — бирма" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирма" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جومبوری — мазандеранский" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جومبوری" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbreca" title="Repubbreca — неаполитанский" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Repubbreca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek" title="Republiek — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Republiek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rippebliek" title="Rippebliek — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Rippebliek" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="गणतन्त्र — непали" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="गणतन्त्र — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek" title="Republiek — голланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Republiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikk" title="Republikk — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Republikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikk" title="Republikk — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Republikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publyique" title="Républyique — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Républyique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica" title="Republica — окситан" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Republica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A7%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A3%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0" title="ସାଧାରଣତନ୍ତ୍ର — ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାଧାରଣତନ୍ତ୍ର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Республикæ — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Республикæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C" title="ਗਣਰਾਜ — пәнҗаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਣਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пәнҗаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblika" title="Repúblika — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Repúblika" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica" title="Repùblica — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Repùblica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="جمہوریہ — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87" title="ولسمشریزه — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ولسمشریزه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica" title="República — португал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripuwlika" title="Ripuwlika — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ripuwlika" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica" title="Republica — ретороман" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Republica" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="ретороман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketnepen" title="Ketnepen — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Ketnepen" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic%C4%83" title="Republică — румын" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республика — рус" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="рус" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Републіка — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Републіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%80%D3%A9%D1%81%D0%BF%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="Өрөспүүбүлүкэ — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Өрөспүүбүлүкэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rip%C3%B9bbrica" title="Ripùbbrica — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ripùbbrica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic" title="Republic — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Republic" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AA" title="ريپبلڪ — синдһи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ريپبلڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдһи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republihkka" title="Republihkka — төньяк саам" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Republihkka" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="төньяк саам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic" title="Republic — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Republic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — словак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — словен" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyika_yeRudhende" title="Nyika yeRudhende — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nyika yeRudhende" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuriyadda" title="Jamhuriyadda — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jamhuriyadda" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — албан" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Република — серб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Република" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik" title="Républik — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Républik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="добротная статья"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik" title="Republik — швед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Republik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuri" title="Jamhuri — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jamhuri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="குடியரசு — тамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குடியரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="గణతంత్ర రాజ్యం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గణతంత్ర రాజ్యం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D2%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D3%A3" title="Ҷумҳурӣ — таҗик" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷумҳурӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таҗик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="สาธารณรัฐ — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AA%E1%8D%93%E1%89%A5%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%AD" title="ሪፓብሊክ — тигринья" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሪፓብሊክ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="тигринья" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumhuriyet" title="Cumhuriyet — төрек" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cumhuriyet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="төрек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%87%D9%85%DA%BE%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95%D8%AA_%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B2%DB%88%D9%85%D9%89" title="جۇمھۇرىيەت تۈزۈمى — уйгыр" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جۇمھۇرىيەت تۈزۈمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгыр" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Республіка — украин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="جمہوریہ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika" title="Respublika — үзбәк" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Respublika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="үзбәк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blega" title="Repùblega — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Repùblega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a" title="Cộng hòa — вьетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng hòa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek" title="Republiek — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Republiek" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BCblik%C3%A4n" title="Repüblikän — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Repüblikän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika" title="Republika — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Republika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="共和制 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="共和制" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Republic" title="I-Republic — коса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Republic" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="коса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რესპუბლიკა — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7" title="רעפובליק — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רעפובליק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8_ol%C3%B3m%C3%ACnira" title="Orílẹ̀-èdè olómìnira — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orílẹ̀-èdè olómìnira" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="共和制 — кытай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="共和制" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кытай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C" title="共和 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="共和" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%8Dng-h%C3%B4-kok" title="Kiōng-hô-kok — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kiōng-hô-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="共和制 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="共和制" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7270#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башка телләргә сылтамалар өстәү" class="wbc-editpage">Сылтамалар өстәү</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Исемара"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Мәкаләнең эчтәлеге [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Мәкалә</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D3%99%D1%85%D3%99%D1%81:%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" rel="discussion" title="Төп бит турында фикер алышу [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Бәхәс</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Телне алмаштыру" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">татарча / tatarça</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Караулар"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82"><span>Уку</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Бу битне үзгәртү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=edit" title="Бу битнең чыгыш кодын үзгәртү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вики-текстны үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=history" title="Битнең төзәтмәләре исемлеге [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Тарихын карау</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Кораллар" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Кораллар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Кораллар</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">яшерү</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Өстәмә гамәлләр" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гамәлләр </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82"><span>Уку</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Бу битне үзгәртү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=edit" title="Бу битнең чыгыш кодын үзгәртү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вики-текстны үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=history"><span>Тарихын карау</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гомуми </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Бирегә сылтаган барлык битләрнең исемлеге [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Бу биткә сылтамалар</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" rel="nofollow" title="Бу биттән сылтамалар бирелгән битләрдә соңгы үзгәрешләр [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Бәйләнешле үзгәрешләр</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Барлык махсус битләр исемлеге [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Махсус битләр</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&oldid=4115764" title="Битнең бу редакциясенә даими сылтама"><span>Даими сылтама</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=info" title="Әлеге бит турында тулырак мәгълүмат"><span>Бит турында мәгълүмат</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&id=4115764&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Бу биткә (чыганак буларак) ничек җибәрергә турында мәгълүмат"><span>Бу биткә (чыганакка) җибәрү</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D2%2596%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BC%25D2%25BB%25D2%25AF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D1%2582"><span>Кыска URL алу</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D2%2596%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BC%25D2%25BB%25D2%25AF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D1%2582"><span>Скачать QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Бастыру/чыгару </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82"><span>Китап булдыру</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF форматында күчереп алу</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&printable=yes" title="Бу битнең басма юрамасы [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Бастыру юрамасы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Башка проектларда </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Republic" hreflang="en"><span>Викиҗыентык</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7270" title="Үзара бәйләнгән мәгълүматләр репозиториясе элементларына сылтама [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викимәгълүмат элементы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Внешний вид</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">яшерү</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia — ирекле энциклопедия проектыннан ([http://tt.wikipedia.org.ttcysuttlart1999.aylandirow.tmf.org.ru/wiki/Җөмһүрият latin yazuında])</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tt" dir="ltr"><table align="right" class="infobox" style="font-size: 100% color=red border: solid 1px #adaaad;"> <tbody><tr align=""> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99_%D0%B8%D1%82%D2%AF_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Идарә итү формалары">Идарә итү формалары</a><br /> </th></tr> <tr align="left" style="font-size: 100%"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Анархия">Анархия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аристократия (бит юк)">Аристократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бюрократия (бит юк)">Бюрократия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геронтократия">Геронтократия</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 1px"><div class="NavHead" style="background: ghostwhite"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Демократия">Демократия</a></li></ul> </div><div class="NavContent"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ялгыш демократия (бит юк)">Ялгыш демократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Либераль демократия (бит юк)">Либераль демократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вәкилле демократия (бит юк)">Вәкилле демократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Туры демократия (бит юк)">Туры демократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Буржуаз демократия (бит юк)">Буржуаз демократия</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Деспотизм (бит юк)">Деспотизм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джамахирия (бит юк)">Джамахирия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диархия (бит юк)">Диархия</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 1px"><div class="NavHead" style="background: ghostwhite"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Диктатура">Диктатура</a></li></ul> </div><div class="NavContent"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хәрби диктатура (бит юк)">Хәрби диктатура</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Фашизм">Фашистлар диктатурасы</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Клептократия (бит юк)">Клептократия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм">Коммунизм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Корпоратократия (бит юк)">Корпоратократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Марионетик дәүләт (бит юк)">Марионетик дәүләт</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Матриархат (бит юк)">Матриархат</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Меритократия">Меритократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Милитократия (бит юк)">Милитократия</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 1px"><div class="NavHead" style="background: ghostwhite"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Монархия">Монархия</a></li></ul> </div><div class="NavContent"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абсолют монархия (бит юк)">Абсолют монархия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Конституцион монархия">Конституцион монархия</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дуалистик монархия (бит юк)">Дуалистик монархия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Парламентар монархия (бит юк)">Парламентар монархия</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аерма вәкилле монархия (бит юк)">Аерма вәкилле монархия</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ноократия (бит юк)">Ноократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бер фиркале система (бит юк)">Бер фиркале система</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Олигархия (бит юк)">Олигархия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Охлократия (бит юк)">Охлократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Патриархат (бит юк)">Патриархат</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 1px"><div class="NavHead" style="background: ghostwhite"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кавемлек (бит юк)">Кавемлек</a></li></ul> </div><div class="NavContent"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юлбашчылык (бит юк)">Юлбашчылык</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плутократия (бит юк)">Плутократия</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 1px"><div class="NavHead" style="background: ghostwhite"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Республика">Республика</a></li></ul> </div><div class="NavContent"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Парламент республикасы (бит юк)">Парламент республикасы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Президент республикасы">Президент республикасы</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кушма республика (бит юк)">Кушма республика</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм">Социализм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Талассократия (бит юк)">Талассократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Теократия (бит юк)">Теократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Технократия (бит юк)">Технократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тимократия (бит юк)">Тимократия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тирания (бит юк)">Тирания</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хунта (бит юк)">Хунта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Этнократия (бит юк)">Этнократия</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A1%D3%99%D1%8F%D1%81%D3%99%D1%82" title="Портал:Сәясәт">Портал:Сәясәт</a></b> · <small class="editlink noprint plainlinksneverexpand"><a class="external text" href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99_%D0%B8%D1%82%D2%AF_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit">үзгәртү</a></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Җөмһүрия́т, республика</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Гарәп теле">гарәп</a>. <i>جمهورية</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Латин теле">лат.</a> <i><span lang="la">Res publica</span></i> - <i>гомуми эш</i>) – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дәүләт төзелеше (бит юк)">дәүләт төзелешенең</a> бер төре. </p><p><i>Җөмһүрият</i> булып саналган илдә югары хакимлек сайлаулы әгъзаләре белән ашырыла. </p><p>Хәзерге заманда 190 дөнья илләреннән 140-тан артык <i>җөмһүрият</i> булып санала. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Россия Федерациясе">Россия Федерациясенә</a> кергән кайбер <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Субъект">субъектлар</a> да <i>республика</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Рус теле">рус.</a> <i><span lang="ru">респу́блика</span></i>) дип атала (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Татарстан">Татарстан Республикасы</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чуашстан">Чуашстан Республикасы</a> һ.б). </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style" style="border:0; background:none; margin:0; font-style:italic;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мәкалә төпчеге"><img alt="Мәкалә төпчеге" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div> </td> <td class="ambox-text">Бу — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Википедия:Мәкалә төпчекләре">мәкалә төпчеге</a>.<br />Сез <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC:%D0%AD%D1%87%D1%82%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Ярдәм:Эчтәлек">мәкаләне үзгәртеп һәм мәгълүмат өстәп</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/20px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Википедия">Википедия</a></i> <i>проектына ярдәм итә аласыз.<div class="ambox-text-small">Мөмкинлек булса, бу искәрмәне төгәлрәккә <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Википедия:Шаблоннар/Мәкалә төпчекләре">алыштырырга кирәк</a>.</div></i> </td> <td class="widthhack"> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Чыганак — <a dir="ltr" href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Җөмһүрият&oldid=4115764">https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Җөмһүрият&oldid=4115764</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Махсус:Төркемнәр">Төркемнәр</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A1%D3%99%D1%8F%D1%81%D3%99%D1%82" title="Төркем:Сәясәт">Сәясәт</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D1%88%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%99_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Төркем:Калыпын төгәлрәк эшләргә кирәк булган мәкалә төпчекләре (бит юк)">Калыпын төгәлрәк эшләргә кирәк булган мәкалә төпчекләре</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Яшерен төркем: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төркем:Тәмамланмаган мәкаләләр">Тәмамланмаган мәкаләләр</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Бу бит соңгы тапкыр 26 ноя 2023 көнендә 11:16 вакытында үзгәртелде.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a> лицензиясе буенча бирелә, аерым очракларда өстәмә шартлар булырга мөмкин. Өстәмә мәгълүматны <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Условия_использования">Куллану шартларында</a> карагыз.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Конфиденциальлек сәясәте</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0">Wikipedia турында</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%96%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83">Җаваплылыктан баш тарту</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс поведения</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ясаучылар</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/tt.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie турында белдерү</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//tt.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобиль юрама</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-vrhlg","wgBackendResponseTime":249,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.030","walltime":"0.050","ppvisitednodes":{"value":131,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":7381,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1328,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 19.953 1 -total"," 55.79% 11.132 1 Калып:Stub"," 31.40% 6.266 1 Калып:Stub-meta"," 26.16% 5.220 1 Калып:Идарә_итү_формалары"," 21.18% 4.225 1 Калып:Ambox"," 9.80% 1.956 1 Калып:Lang-ru"," 7.24% 1.444 1 Калып:Lang-la"," 6.61% 1.319 1 Калып:Википедия"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-vrhlg","timestamp":"20241124023911","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0496\u04e9\u043c\u04bb\u04af\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442","url":"https:\/\/tt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7270","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7270","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-05-11T12:06:04Z","dateModified":"2023-11-26T11:16:22Z"}</script> </body> </html>