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Disponibil în 147 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">147 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligjaar" title="Ligjaar – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ligjaar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtjahr" title="Lichtjahr – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lichtjahr" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%88%83%E1%8A%95_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%98%E1%89%B5" title="የብርሃን ዓመት – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የብርሃን ዓመት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyo_luz" title="Anyo luz – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Anyo luz" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%93ohtg%C4%93ar" title="Lēohtgēar – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Lēohtgēar" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سنة ضوئية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سنة ضوئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سنة ضوئية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سنة ضوئية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1" title="سنة نور – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سنة نور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="আলোক-বৰ্ষ – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আলোক-বৰ্ষ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1u_lluz" title="Añu lluz – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Añu lluz" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9F%C4%B1q_ili" title="İşıq ili – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İşıq ili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ایشیق ایلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایشیق ایلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Светлавы год – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Светлавы год" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сьветлавы год – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сьветлавы год" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Светлинна година – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Светлинна година" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="प्रकाश-बरिस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="प्रकाश-बरिस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="আলোক বর্ষ – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলোক বর্ষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloavezh-goulo%C3%B9" title="Bloavezh-gouloù – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bloavezh-gouloù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svjetlosna_godina" title="Svjetlosna godina – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Svjetlosna godina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Any_llum" title="Any llum – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Any llum" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%B5%DB%8C_%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ساڵی ڕووناکی – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ساڵی ڕووناکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C4%9Bteln%C3%BD_rok" title="Světelný rok – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Světelný rok" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blwyddyn_golau" title="Blwyddyn golau – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Blwyddyn golau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lys%C3%A5r" title="Lysår – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lysår" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtjahr" title="Lichtjahr – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lichtjahr" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_ro%C5%9Fti" title="Serra roşti – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Serra roşti" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%86%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Έτος φωτός – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έτος φωτός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_lu%C5%9B" title="An luś – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="An luś" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Light-year" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumjaro" title="Lumjaro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lumjaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1o_luz" title="Año luz – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Año luz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valgusaasta" title="Valgusaasta – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valgusaasta" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argi-urte" title="Argi-urte – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Argi-urte" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1u_lus" title="Añu lus – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Añu lus" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سال نوری – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سال نوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valovuosi" title="Valovuosi – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valovuosi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e-lumi%C3%A8re" title="Année-lumière – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Année-lumière" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laachtjuar" title="Laachtjuar – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Laachtjuar" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_l%C3%BBs" title="An lûs – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="An lûs" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljochtjier" title="Ljochtjier – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ljochtjier" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solasbhliain" title="Solasbhliain – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Solasbhliain" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – chineză gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="chineză gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ano_luz" title="Ano luz – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ano luz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7" title="પ્રકાશવર્ષ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પ્રકાશવર્ષ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8" title="שנת אור – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שנת אור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="प्रकाश-वर्ष – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रकाश-वर्ष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prakash_saal" title="Prakash saal – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Prakash saal" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svjetlosna_godina" title="Svjetlosna godina – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svjetlosna godina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ane-limy%C3%A8" title="Ane-limyè – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ane-limyè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9ny%C3%A9v" title="Fényév – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fényév" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB" title="Լուսային տարի – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուսային տարի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_luminal" title="Anno luminal – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Anno luminal" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahun_cahaya" title="Tahun cahaya – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tahun cahaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumyaro" title="Lumyaro – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lumyaro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1r" title="Ljósár – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ljósár" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_luce" title="Anno luce – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anno luce" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taun_cahya" title="Taun cahya – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Taun cahya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="სინათლის წელიწადი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სინათლის წელიწადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afawatay" title="Afawatay – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Afawatay" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%CA%8And%CA%8As%CA%8A%CA%8A_p%C9%A9na%C9%A3" title="Mʊndʊsʊʊ pɩnaɣ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mʊndʊsʊʊ pɩnaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Жарық жылы – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жарық жылы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%86%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%BA" title="ឆ្នាំពន្លឺ – khmeră" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ឆ្នាំពន្លឺ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7" title="ಜ್ಯೋತಿರ್ವರ್ಷ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜ್ಯೋತಿರ್ವರ್ಷ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EB%85%84" title="광년 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sala_t%C3%AEr%C3%AAj%C3%AA" title="Sala tîrêjê – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sala tîrêjê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bledhen_wolow" title="Bledhen wolow – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bledhen wolow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Жарык жылы – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жарык жылы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annus_luce_mensus" title="Annus luce mensus – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Annus luce mensus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liichtjoer" title="Liichtjoer – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Liichtjoer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anio_de_lus" title="Anio de lus – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Anio de lus" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leechjaor" title="Leechjaor – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leechjaor" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann%C3%B4_l%C3%BCxe" title="Annô lüxe – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Annô lüxe" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_lum" title="Ann lum – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ann lum" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_l%C3%BCce" title="An lüce – lombardă" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="An lüce" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87" title="ປີແສງ – laoțiană" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປີແສງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0viesmetis" title="Šviesmetis – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šviesmetis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaismas_gads" title="Gaismas gads – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gaismas gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taon-kazavana" title="Taon-kazavana – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Taon-kazavana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Светлосна година – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Светлосна година" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രകാശവർഷം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രകാശവർഷം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Гэрлийн жил – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гэрлийн жил" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B8-%E1%80%9E%E1%81%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B6" title="လျး-သၞာံ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="လျး-သၞာံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="प्रकाश-वर्ष – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रकाश-वर्ष" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahun_cahaya" title="Tahun cahaya – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tahun cahaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sena_dawl" title="Sena dawl – malteză" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sena dawl" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အလင်းနှစ် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အလင်းနှစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tl%C4%81hu%C4%ABlxihuitl" title="Tlāhuīlxihuitl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlāhuīlxihuitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtjohr" title="Lichtjohr – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Lichtjohr" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="प्रकाश वर्ष – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्रकाश वर्ष" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtjaar" title="Lichtjaar – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lichtjaar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lys%C3%A5r" title="Lysår – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lysår" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lys%C3%A5r" title="Lysår – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lysår" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A6%DF%8B%DF%9F%DF%8B%DF%B2-%DF%9B%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%AD" title="ߦߋߟߋ߲-ߛߊ߲߭ – n’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߦߋߟߋ߲-ߛߊ߲߭" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaka_Chowala" title="Chaka Chowala – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Chaka Chowala" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annada_lutz" title="Annada lutz – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Annada lutz" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagga_Iffa" title="Wagga Iffa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Wagga Iffa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7" title="ଆଲୋକବର୍ଷ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଲୋକବର୍ଷ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC-%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼-ਸਾਲ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼-ਸਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1a_lus" title="Aña lus – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Aña lus" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rok_%C5%9Bwietlny" title="Rok świetlny – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rok świetlny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_lus" title="Ann lus – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ann lus" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DD%A8_%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%BE%D8%A7" title="چانݨ ورھا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چانݨ ورھا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لمریز کال – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لمریز کال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ano-luz" title="Ano-luz – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ano-luz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achkiy_wata" title="Achkiy wata – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Achkiy wata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Световой год – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Световой год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Світловый рік – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Світловый рік" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%83" title="प्रकाशवर्षः – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="प्रकाशवर्षः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сырдык сыла – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сырдык сыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annu_luxi" title="Annu luxi – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Annu luxi" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annu_luci" title="Annu luci – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Annu luci" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licht-year" title="Licht-year – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Licht-year" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84" title="نوري سال – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نوري سال" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svjetlosna_godina" title="Svjetlosna godina – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Svjetlosna godina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_year" title="Light year – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Light year" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveteln%C3%BD_rok" title="Svetelný rok – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Svetelný rok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetlobno_leto" title="Svetlobno leto – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Svetlobno leto" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sano_Ilays" title="Sano Ilays – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sano Ilays" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drit%C3%ABviti" title="Dritëviti – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dritëviti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Светлосна година – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Светлосна година" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luchtjier" title="Luchtjier – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Luchtjier" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljus%C3%A5r" title="Ljusår – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ljusår" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwakanuru" title="Mwakanuru – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mwakanuru" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="ஒளியாண்டு – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒளியாண்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="కాంతి సంవత్సరం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాంతి సంవత్సరం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87" title="ปีแสง – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปีแสง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Dagtylyk_%C3%BDyly" title="Ýagtylyk ýyly – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýagtylyk ýyly" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinag-taon" title="Sinag-taon – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sinag-taon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_y%C4%B1l%C4%B1" title="Işık yılı – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Işık yılı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Яктылык елы – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Яктылык елы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%82_%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Югыт ар – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Югыт ар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Світловий рік – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Світловий рік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84" title="نوری سال – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نوری سال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yorug%CA%BBlik_yili" title="Yorugʻlik yili – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yorugʻlik yili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ano_%C5%82uze" title="Ano łuze – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ano łuze" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%83m_%C3%A1nh_s%C3%A1ng" title="Năm ánh sáng – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Năm ánh sáng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litayel" title="Litayel – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Litayel" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuig-lamrag" title="Tuig-lamrag – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tuig-lamrag" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="სინთეშ წანა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სინთეშ წანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%98-%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A8" title="ליכט-יאר – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליכט-יאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kong-li%C3%A2n" title="Kong-liân – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kong-liân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="光年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukukhanyabanga" title="Ukukhanyabanga – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" 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dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="5" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; border-collapse:collapse"><caption class="" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;"><big><b>An-lumină</b></big></caption> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:12lightyears.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/12lightyears.gif/300px-12lightyears.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/12lightyears.gif/450px-12lightyears.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/12lightyears.gif/600px-12lightyears.gif 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="423" /></a></span> <br /> <span style="">Hartă arătând stelele care se află în interiorul unei distanțe de <b>12,5 ani-lumină</b> de Soare<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #E5E4E2"><b>Informatii generale</b></th></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">Sistem de unitate</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">unități astronomice</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">Unitate de</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">lungime</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">Simbol</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">al</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #E5E4E2"><b>Conversii</b></th></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">1 an-lumină</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">...<i>este egal cu</i>...</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">unități metrice (<a href="/wiki/Sistemul_interna%C8%9Bional_de_unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Sistemul internațional de unități">SI</a>)</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">9,4607×10<sup>15</sup> m</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">unități imperiale&US</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">5,8786×10<sup>12</sup> mile</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:2px">unități astronomice</th><td class="" style="padding:2px">63.241 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">au</a><br />0,3066 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">pc</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Anul-lumină</b> este o <a href="/wiki/Unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83" title="Unitate de măsură">unitate de lungime</a> utilizată pentru a exprima distanțe astronomice și este echivalent cu aproximativ 9,46 <a href="/wiki/Trilion" title="Trilion">trilioane</a> de kilometri (9,46 x 10<sup>12</sup> km).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un an-lumină, definit de <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Astronomic%C4%83_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83" title="Uniunea Astronomică Internațională">Uniunea Astronomică Internațională</a> (IAU), este distanța pe care <a href="/wiki/Lumina" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumina">lumina</a> o parcurge în vid într-un an iulian (365,25 zile).<sup id="cite_ref-IAUgen_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAUgen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deoarece include cuvântul „an”, termenul an-lumină poate fi interpretat în mod greșit ca o unitate de timp.<sup id="cite_ref-es18_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es18-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anul-lumină este cel mai adesea folosit atunci când se exprimă distanțe față de <a href="/wiki/Stea" title="Stea">stele</a> și alte distanțe pe o scară <a href="/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie">galactică</a>, în special în publicațiile de <a href="/wiki/Popularizarea_%C8%99tiin%C8%9Bei" title="Popularizarea științei">popularizare a științei</a> non-specializate.<sup id="cite_ref-es18_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es18-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În astrometria profesională, unitatea cea mai frecvent utilizată este <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">parsecul</a> (simbol: pc, aproximativ 3,26 ani-lumină; distanța la care o <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">unitate astronomică</a> subtinde un unghi de un arcsecundă).<sup id="cite_ref-IAUgen_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAUgen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definiții"><span id="Defini.C8.9Bii"></span>Definiții</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Definiții" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definiții"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Așa cum este definit de IAU, anul-lumină este definit ca produsul dintre un an iulian <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (365,25 zile spre deosebire de anul gregorian de 365,2425 zile) și viteza luminii (299.792.458 m/s).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ambele valori sunt incluse în Sistemul de constante astronomice, utilizat din 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Din aceasta, pot fi derivate următoarele conversii. IAU recunoaște ca abrevieri pentru an-lumină ly,<sup id="cite_ref-IAUgen_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAUgen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, deși alte standarde precum ISO 80000 utilizează "l.y."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și abrevieri localizate frecvente, cum ar fi „al“ în franceză (de la <i><b>a</b>nnée-<b>l</b>umière</i>), spaniolă (de la <i><b>a</b>ño <b>l</b>uz</i>) și italiană (de la <i><b>a</b>nno <b>l</b>uce</i>), „Lj” în germană (de la <i><b>L</b>icht<b>j</b>ahr</i>), etc. </p> <dl><dd><table> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="6" valign="top">1 an-lumină   </td> <td>= 9.460.730.472.580.800 <a href="/wiki/Metri" class="mw-redirect" title="Metri">metri</a> (valoare exactă) </td></tr> <tr> <td>≈ 9,461 bilioane de <a href="/wiki/Kilometri" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometri">kilometri</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>≈ 63.241,077 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">unități astronomice</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>≈ 0,306601 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">parseci</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p>Înainte de 1984, în Sistemul de constante astronomice IAU (1964), utilizat între 1968 și 1983 erau folosite: <a href="/wiki/An_tropic" title="An tropic">anul tropic</a> (nu anul iulian) și o viteză măsurată (nu definită) a luminii.<sup id="cite_ref-Seidelmann_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seidelmann-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rezultatul lui <a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a> <a href="/wiki/Epoc%C4%83_(astronomie)" title="Epocă (astronomie)">J1900,0</a> înseamnă anul tropic de 31.556.925,9747 secunde efemeride și o viteză a luminii de 299.792,5 km/s care produceau un an-lumină de 9,460530 × 10<sup>15</sup> m (rotunjit la cele șapte cifre semnificative ale vitezei luminii). Această valoare găsită în mai multe surse moderne<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fost probabil derivată dintr-o sursă veche, cum ar fi CW Allen din 1973 <i>Cantități astrofizice</i> ca referință de lucru.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alte valori de înaltă precizie nu sunt derivate dintr-un sistem IAU coerent. O valoare de 9,460536207 × 10<sup>15</sup> m găsită în unele surse moderne<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> este produsul unui an gregorian mediu (365,2425 zile) și viteza definită a luminii (299.792.458 m/s). O altă valoare, 9,460528405 × 10<sup>15</sup> m,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> este produsul anului tropic J1900.0 și viteza definită a luminii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png/300px-1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png/450px-1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png/600px-1e15m_comparison_cat%27s_eye_nebula_barnard_68_one_light_year.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Cercul mare cu săgeată galbenă indică un an-lumină de la Soare; Nebuloasa Ochi de pisică în stânga și Barnard 68 la mijloc sunt înfățișate în fața orbitei cometei 1910 A1. Faceți clic pe imagine pentru vizualizare mai mare, detalii și linkuri către alte scări de măsură.</figcaption></figure> <p>Unitatea an-lumină a apărut la câțiva ani după prima măsurare cu succes a distanței față de o <a href="/wiki/Stea" title="Stea">stea</a>, alta decât <a href="/wiki/Soare" title="Soare">Soarele</a>, de către <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Bessel">Friedrich Bessel</a> în 1838. Steaua era <a href="/wiki/61_Cygni" title="61 Cygni">61 Cygni</a> și Bessel a folosit un heliometru de 16 cm proiectat de <a href="/wiki/Joseph_von_Fraunhofer" title="Joseph von Fraunhofer">Joseph von Fraunhofer</a>. Cea mai mare unitate pentru exprimarea distanțelor în spațiu în acel moment era <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">unitatea astronomică</a>, egală cu raza orbitei Pământului (1,50 × 10<sup>8</sup> km). În acești termeni, calcule trigonometrice pe baza paralaxei 61 Cygni de 0,314 arcsecunde, au arătat că distanța până la stea este de 660.000 de unități astronomice (9,9 × 10<sup>13</sup> km). Bessel a adăugat că lumina are nevoie de 10,3 ani pentru a parcurge această distanță.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El a recunoscut că cititorii săi se vor bucura de imaginea mentală a timpului aproximativ de tranzit pentru lumină, dar s-a abținut să folosească anul-lumină ca unitate. Este posibil să nu fi exprimat distanțele în ani-lumină deoarece ar fi redus precizia datelor sale de paralaxă din cauza multiplicării cu parametrul incert al vitezei luminii. </p><p>Viteza luminii nu era încă cunoscută cu precizie în 1838; valoarea sa s-a schimbat în 1849 (<a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Fizeau" title="Hippolyte Fizeau">Fizeau</a>) și 1862 (<a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Foucault" title="Léon Foucault">Foucault</a>). Nu era încă considerată a fi o constantă fundamentală a naturii, iar propagarea luminii prin eter sau spațiu era încă enigmatică. </p><p>Unitatea an-lumină a apărut în 1851 într-un articol german de astronomie populară scris de Otto Ule.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ule a explicat ciudățenia unui nume de unitate de distanță care include „an” comparându-l cu o oră de mers. </p><p>O carte astronomică populară germană contemporană a observat, de asemenea, că „an-lumină” este o denumire ciudată.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1868, un ziar englez a etichetat anul-lumină ca o unitate folosită de germani.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Eddington" title="Arthur Eddington">Eddington</a> a numit anul-lumină o unitate incomodă și irelevantă, care uneori s-a strecurat din utilizarea populară în investigații tehnice.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deși astronomii moderni preferă adesea să utilizeze <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">parsecul</a>, anii-lumină sunt, de asemenea, utilizați în mod popular pentru a măsura întinderile spațiului interstelar și intergalactic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilizarea_termenului">Utilizarea termenului</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Utilizarea termenului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizarea termenului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Distanțele exprimate în ani-lumină le includ pe cele dintre <a href="/wiki/Stele" class="mw-redirect" title="Stele">stele</a> din aceeași zonă generală, cum ar fi cele aparținând aceluiași braț spiralat sau <a href="/wiki/Roi_globular" title="Roi globular">roi globular</a>. <a href="/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie">Galaxiile</a> în sine se întind de la câteva mii la câteva sute de mii de ani-lumină în diametru și sunt separate de galaxiile și <a href="/wiki/Roi_de_galaxii" title="Roi de galaxii">roiurile de galaxii</a> învecinate cu milioane de ani-lumină. Distanțele față de obiecte precum <a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">quasarii</a> și Marele Zid Sloan ajung la miliarde de ani-lumină. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Lista ordinelor de mărime pentru lungime </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Scară (ani-lumină) </th> <th>Valoare </th> <th>Obs. </th></tr> <tr> <td>10<sup>−9</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7008382213511092264♠</span>4.04<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−8</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Lumina Soarelui reflectată de pe suprafața <a href="/wiki/Lun%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Lună">Lunii</a> durează 1,2-1,3 secunde pentru a parcurge distanța până la suprafața <a href="/wiki/Terra" class="mw-redirect" title="Terra">Terrei</a> (călătorind aproximativ 350.000 până la 400.000 de kilometri). </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">10<sup>−6</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7011149479541466776♠</span>1.58<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−5</sup> al</span> </td> <td>O <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">unitate astronomică</a> (distanța de la <a href="/wiki/Soare" title="Soare">Soare</a> la Pământ). Durează aproximativ 499 secunde (8,32 minute) pentru ca lumina să parcurgă această distanță.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7012120151277001776♠</span>1.27<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−4</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(sond%C4%83_de_aterizare)" title="Huygens (sondă de aterizare)">Sonda Huygens</a> aterizează pe <a href="/wiki/Titan_(satelit)" title="Titan (satelit)">Titan</a>, satelitul planetei <a href="/wiki/Planeta_Saturn" class="mw-redirect" title="Planeta Saturn">Saturn</a>, și transmite imagini de pe suprafața sa, aflată la 1,2 miliarde de kilometri de Pământ. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7012476820815818072♠</span>5.04<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−4</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Sonda <a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a> întâlnește <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(planet%C4%83)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pluto (planetă)">Pluto</a> la o distanță de 4,7 miliarde de kilometri de Pământ, iar comunicarea durează 4 ore și 25 de minute pentru a ajunge pe Terra. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">10<sup>−3</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7013192998901640648♠</span>2.04<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−3</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Cea mai îndepărtată sondă spațială, <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i>, a fost la aproximativ 18 ore-lumină distanță de Pământ în octombrie 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dacă va merge cu viteza actuală de aproximativ 17 km/s, va dura aproximativ 17.500 de ani pentru a atinge un an-lumină în raport cu <a href="/wiki/Soare" title="Soare">Soarele</a>. La 12 septembrie 2013, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> a anunțat că <i>Voyager 1</i> a intrat în mediul spațial interstelar la 25 august 2012, devenind primul obiect creat de om care a părăsit <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_Solar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistemul Solar">Sistemul Solar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7013215704654774842♠</span>2.28<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−3</sup> al</span> </td> <td>În octombrie 2018, <i>Voyager 1</i> se află la aproape 20 de ore-lumină de Terra. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7">10<sup>0</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7016151371687561292♠</span>1.6<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>0</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norul_Oort" class="mw-redirect" title="Norul Oort">Norul Oort</a> este de aproximativ doi ani-lumină în diametru. Se speculează că limita sa interioară se află la 50.000 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">au</a>, cu marginea sa exterioară la 100.000 au. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7016189214609451616♠</span>2.0<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>0</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Extinderea maximă a dominației gravitaționale a Soarelui (<a href="/wiki/Sfera_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Sfera Hill">sfera Hill</a>, 125.000 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică">au</a>). Dincolo de aceasta se află <a href="/wiki/Mediul_interstelar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediul interstelar">mediul interstelar</a> gravitațional profund ex-solar. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7016399242825942909♠</span>4.22<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>0</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Cea mai apropiată <a href="/wiki/Stea" title="Stea">stea</a> cunoscută (alta decât Soarele), <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">Proxima Centauri</a>, este la aproximativ 4,22 de ani-lumină distanță.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7016813622820641948♠</span>8.6<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>0</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius</a>, cea mai strălucitoare stea pe cerul nopții. De două ori mai masivă și de 25 de ori mai luminoasă decât <a href="/wiki/Soare" title="Soare">Soarele</a>, ea depășește stelele mai luminoase datorită apropierii sale relative. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7017112582692623711♠</span>1.19<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>1</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_10700_e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 10700 e — pagină inexistentă">HD 10700 e</a>, un candidat extrasolar pentru o planetă locuibilă. De 6,6 ori mai mare decât Pământul, se află în mijlocul zonei locuibile a stelei <a href="/wiki/Tau_Ceti" title="Tau Ceti">Tau Ceti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7017193944974687906♠</span>2.05<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>1</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gliese_581" title="Gliese 581">Gliese 581</a>, o stea pitică roșie cu mai multe exoplanete detectabile. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7018293282644650004♠</span>3.1<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>2</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canopus" title="Canopus">Canopus</a>, a doua stea ca luminozitate după Sirius, o gigantă strălucitoare de tip A9, de 10.700 de ori mai luminoasă decât Soarele. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">10<sup>3</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7019283821914177424♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>3</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Gaura neagră <a href="/w/index.php?title=A0620-00&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A0620-00 — pagină inexistentă">A0620-00</a>, a doua ca distanță apropiată de Sistemul Solar, este situată la aproximativ 3.000 de ani-lumină distanță. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7020245978992287100♠</span>2.6<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>4</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centru_Galactic" title="Centru Galactic">Centrul</a> <a href="/wiki/Calea_Lactee" title="Calea Lactee">Căii Lactee</a> este la aproximativ 26.000 de ani-lumină distanță.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7020946073047258079♠</span>1<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>5</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calea_Lactee" title="Calea Lactee">Calea Lactee</a> este de aproximativ 100.000 de ani-lumină de la un capăt la altul. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7021156102052797583♠</span>1.65<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>5</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=R136a1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R136a1 — pagină inexistentă">R136a1</a>, situată în <a href="/wiki/Marele_Nor_al_lui_Magellan" title="Marele Nor al lui Magellan">Marele Nor al lui Magellan</a>, una din cele mai luminoase stele cunoscute, de 8,7 milioane de ori mai luminoasă decât Soarele, are o magnitudine aparentă de 12,77, mai strălucitoare decât <a href="/w/index.php?title=3C_273&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3C 273 — pagină inexistentă">3C 273</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">10<sup>6</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7022236518261814520♠</span>2.5<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>6</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galaxia_Andromeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxia Andromeda">Galaxia Andromeda</a> este situată la aproximativ 2,5 milioane de ani-lumină depărtare. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7022283821914177424♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>6</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galaxia_Triunghiului" title="Galaxia Triunghiului">Galaxia Triunghiului</a> (M33), situată la aproximativ 3 milioane de ani-lumină, este cel mai îndepărtat obiect vizibil cu ochiul liber. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7023558183097882267♠</span>5.9<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>7</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Cel mai apropiat roi mare de galaxii, <a href="/wiki/Roiul_Fecioarei" title="Roiul Fecioarei">roiul Fecioarei</a>, este la aproximativ 59 de milioane de ani-lumină distanță. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7008150000000000000♠</span>1.5<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>8</sup></span> – <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7024236518261814520♠</span>2.5<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>8</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marele_Magnet" title="Marele Magnet">Marele Magnet</a> se află la o distanță undeva între 150 și 250 de milioane de ani-lumină (acesta din urmă fiind cea mai recentă estimare). </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">10<sup>9</sup> </td> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7025113528765670969♠</span>1.2<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>9</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marele_Zid_Sloan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marele Zid Sloan — pagină inexistentă">Marele Zid Sloan</a> a fost măsurat ca fiind la aproximativ un miliard de ani- lumină distanță. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7025227057531341939♠</span>2.4<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>9</sup> al</span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=3C_273&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3C 273 — pagină inexistentă">3C 273</a>, cel mai luminos quasar, de magnitudine aparentă 12,9, este la aproximativ 2,4 miliarde de ani-lumină distanță. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7026432355382596942♠</span>4.57<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>10</sup> al</span> </td> <td>Distanța comobilă de la Pământ la marginea universului vizibil este de aproximativ 45,7 miliarde de ani-lumină în orice direcție; aceasta este raza comobilă a <a href="/wiki/Universul_observabil" class="mw-redirect" title="Universul observabil">Universului observabil</a>. Aceasta este mai mare decât vârsta Universului (13,8 miliarde de ani), vezi <a href="/wiki/Univers_observabil#Concepții_greșite_cu_privire_la_dimensiunea_universului_observabil" title="Univers observabil">aici</a> cum este posibil acest lucru. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <small><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Un bilion este considerat a fi 10<sup>12</sup> (un milion de milioane).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Un an iulian are exact 365,25 zile (sau 31.557.600 secunde bazat pe o zi de exact 86.400 secunde SI)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Prin definiția metrului, viteza luminii are valoarea exactă de 299.792.458 m/s.</span> </li> </ol></div></small> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <small><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/12lys.html">The Universe within 12.5 Light Years: The Nearest Stars</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAUgen-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IAUgen_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAUgen_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAUgen_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Astronomical_Union" class="citation">International Astronomical Union, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/public/themes/measuring/"><i>Measuring the Universe: The IAU and Astronomical Units</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2013-11-10">10 noiembrie 2013</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Measuring+the+Universe%3A+The+IAU+and+Astronomical+Units&rft.au=International+Astronomical+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fpublic%2Fthemes%2Fmeasuring%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-es18-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-es18_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-es18_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bruce McClure (<time datetime="2018-07-31">31 iulie 2018</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/how-far-is-a-light-year">„How far is a light-year?”</a>. EarthSky<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2019-10-15">15 octombrie 2019</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+far+is+a+light-year%3F&rft.pub=EarthSky&rft.date=2018-07-31&rft.au=Bruce+McClure&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fearthsky.org%2Fastronomy-essentials%2Fhow-far-is-a-light-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216041250/http://www.iau.org/Units.234.0.html"><i>IAU Recommendations concerning Units</i></a>, arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/Units.234.0.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2007-02-16">16 februarie 2007</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IAU+Recommendations+concerning+Units&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2FUnits.234.0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2009/Astronomical_Constants_2009.pdf">Selected Astronomical Constants</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726132053/http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2009/Astronomical_Constants_2009.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2014-07-26">26 iulie 2014</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." in <i>Astronomical Almanac</i>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">ISO 80000-3:2006 Quantities and Units – Space and Time</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">IEEE/ASTM SI 10-2010, American National Standard for Metric Practice</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Seidelmann-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Seidelmann_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFP._Kenneth_Seidelmann1992" class="citation">P. Kenneth Seidelmann, ed. (<time datetime="1992">1992</time>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uJ4JhGJANb4C&pg=PP1"><i>Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac</i></a>, Mill Valley, California: University Science Books, p. 656, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-935702-68-2" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-935702-68-2">978-0-935702-68-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Explanatory+Supplement+to+the+Astronomical+Almanac&rft.place=Mill+Valley%2C+California&rft.pages=656&rft.pub=University+Science+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-935702-68-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuJ4JhGJANb4C%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astronomy.sierracollege.edu/Resources/Reference/basic%20Contants%20app2.htm"><i>Basic Constants</i></a>, Sierra College</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Constants&rft.pub=Sierra+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastronomy.sierracollege.edu%2FResources%2FReference%2Fbasic%2520Contants%2520app2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarc_Sauvage" class="citation">Marc Sauvage, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211001523/http://marc.sauvage.free.fr/astro_book/Cts_pages/astro.html"><i>Table of astronomical constants</i></a>, arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marc.sauvage.free.fr/astro_book/Cts_pages/astro.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-12-11">11 decembrie 2008</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Table+of+astronomical+constants&rft.au=Marc+Sauvage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmarc.sauvage.free.fr%2Fastro_book%2FCts_pages%2Fastro.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_A._Braeunig" class="citation">Robert A. Braeunig, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.braeunig.us/space/constant.htm"><i>Basic Constants</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Constants&rft.au=Robert+A.+Braeunig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.braeunig.us%2Fspace%2Fconstant.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFC._W._Allen1973" class="citation">C. W. Allen (<time datetime="1973">1973</time>), <i>Astrophysical Quantities</i> (ed. third), London: Athlone, p. 16, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-485-11150-7" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-485-11150-7">978-0-485-11150-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Astrophysical+Quantities&rft.place=London&rft.pages=16&rft.edition=third&rft.pub=Athlone&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-485-11150-7&rft.au=C.+W.+Allen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNick_Strobel" class="citation">Nick Strobel, <a 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(<time datetime="2000">2000</time>), „The Distance to the Galactic Center”, <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific</i>, <b>112</b> (768): 202, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000PASP..112..202M">2000PASP..112..202M</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F316512">10.1086/316512</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accesibil gratuit"><img alt="Accesibil gratuit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.atitle=The+Distance+to+the+Galactic+Center&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=768&rft.pages=202&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F316512&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000PASP..112..202M&rft.aulast=McNamara&rft.aufirst=D.+H.&rft.au=Madsen%2C+J.+B.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+J.&rft.au=Ericksen%2C+B.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAn-lumin%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /></span> </li> </ol></div></small> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An-lumin%C4%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></span></span> Definiția dicționarului Wikționar pentru <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/an-lumin%C4%83" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/an-lumină"><i>an-lumină</i></a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=An-lumină&oldid=15886399">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=An-lumină&oldid=15886399</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Lumin%C4%83" title="Categorie:Lumină">Lumină</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_de_lungime" title="Categorie:Unități de lungime">Unități de lungime</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83_%C3%AEn_astronomie" title="Categorie:Unități de măsură în astronomie">Unități de măsură în astronomie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:1838_%C3%AEn_%C8%99tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Categorie:1838 în știință">1838 în știință</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie ascunsă: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Categorie:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 15 octombrie 2023, ora 15:34.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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