CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" data-sentry-component="RootLayout" data-sentry-source-file="layout.tsx"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/f07f2d53b18e99a0.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/19f5109e01ff5d83.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/f3edd3e9c6aaf94a.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/e09d3a9637e1edec.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/303f70158eb162e8.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/bec8e676395ed0d8.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/b002460cdb078bc8.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/e582e4b940784e81.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/7982d2ee6aa0465c.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/47639e18c40b9e68.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/8c24aa201da4884d.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/8a3d3c87f013811e.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/4314acc8847d35e3.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/200260e7c77a6d5e.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/1bfe0c1bf1f93d9b.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="preload" as="script" fetchPriority="low" href="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-f5afeee3cdd992a4.js"/><script src="/_next/static/chunks/52774a7f-95783c4117a3525d.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-8d7ed27465c732cf.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/8399-70776ffa101b1e42.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-app-1705733727440d08.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/global-error-01ae3494515090be.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/6578-5a5600236fcbd06b.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1906-af61f96155113f0b.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2630-68d418d0fb254aa0.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4346-6146082fdf3f2871.js" async=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/page-905d62cadc8a3091.js" async=""></script><script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async="" data-sentry-component="InitializeGPT" data-sentry-source-file="InitializeGPT.tsx"></script><link rel="preload" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TWTDGH&l=GTMDataLayer" as="script"/><link rel="icon" href="/favicons/favicon.ico" sizes="48x48"/><link rel="icon" href="/favicons/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/favicons/favicon-180x180.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.webmanifest" crossorigin="use-credentials"/><title>Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6 | PBS</title><meta name="description" content="Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/"/><meta property="og:title" content="Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6"/><meta property="og:description" content="Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?focalcrop=1200x630x50x10&format=auto"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="630"/><meta property="og:type" content="video.tv_show"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?focalcrop=1200x630x50x10&format=auto"/><meta name="twitter:image:width" content="1200"/><meta name="twitter:image:height" content="630"/><script src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js" noModule=""></script></head><body><dialog class="Modal_modal__tv1jq LaunchModal_launch_modal__0xy9h" data-sentry-component="Modal" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_launch_modal_inner__71brZ"><div class="LaunchModal_launch_content_mobile__uMBD1" data-sentry-component="LaunchContentMobile" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="splide LaunchModal_launch_content_mobile_animation__jwvdA" data-sentry-element="Splide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="splide__track"><ul class="splide__list"><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_lottie_mobile__HuHXw"><canvas style="width:100%;height:100%" data-sentry-element="DotLottieReact" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"></canvas></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_lottie_mobile__HuHXw"><canvas style="width:100%;height:100%" data-sentry-element="DotLottieReact" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"></canvas></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_lottie_mobile__HuHXw"><canvas style="width:100%;height:100%" data-sentry-element="DotLottieReact" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"></canvas></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_lottie_mobile__HuHXw"><canvas style="width:100%;height:100%" data-sentry-element="DotLottieReact" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"></canvas></div></li></ul></div></div><div><div class="splide LaunchModal_launch_content_mobile_text_slides__Qbq9R" data-sentry-element="Splide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="splide__track"><ul class="splide__list"><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_text_slide__dTUc8" data-sentry-component="TextSlide1" data-sentry-source-file="TextSlides.tsx"><h2 class="LaunchModal_text_slide_headline__XLyC7">PBS.org has a new look and feel!聽</h2><p class="LaunchModal_text_slide_paragraph__fiLCm">Enjoy an enhanced new layout where you can sample shows and videos with greater ease</p></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_text_slide__dTUc8" data-sentry-component="TextSlide2" data-sentry-source-file="TextSlides.tsx"><h2 class="LaunchModal_text_slide_headline__XLyC7">Navigate by Genre</h2><p class="LaunchModal_text_slide_paragraph__fiLCm">Explore featured and recommended content from your favorite PBS genres, including Drama, Documentaries, and more!</p></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_text_slide__dTUc8" data-sentry-component="TextSlide3" data-sentry-source-file="TextSlides.tsx"><h2 class="LaunchModal_text_slide_headline__XLyC7">Get more from your local station with My Station</h2><p class="LaunchModal_text_slide_paragraph__fiLCm">Watch local Live TV streams, see the most-watched shows in your region, and discover more content from your local PBS station</p></div></li><li class="splide__slide" data-sentry-element="SplideSlide" data-sentry-source-file="LaunchContentMobile.tsx"><div class="LaunchModal_text_slide__dTUc8" data-sentry-component="TextSlide4" data-sentry-source-file="TextSlides.tsx"><h2 class="LaunchModal_text_slide_headline__XLyC7">Learn more about your favorite PBS shows and films</h2><p class="LaunchModal_text_slide_paragraph__fiLCm">Use the tabs to see Episodes, Clips & Previews, and more from the shows and videos you鈥檙e watching</p></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="LaunchModal_launch_content_mobile_buttons__p8V9g"><button class="Button_white___A2rv Button_min__vHFXY" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Next</button><button class="Button_white_ghost___J9w4 LaunchModal_launch_modal_skip_button_mobile__sCcXQ Button_min__vHFXY" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Skip</button></div></div></div><button class="Modal_btn__close__YK4di" aria-label="Close"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 34 35" data-sentry-element="CloseIcon" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><path d="M19.358 17.782 33.24 3.9a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.588 0L16.77 15.429 3.123 1.547a1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.589 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588l13.883 13.883L.534 31.664a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.589 0L17.005 20.37l13.882 13.883a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.588 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588L19.358 17.782Z"></path></svg></button></div></dialog><a href="#maincontent" class="SkipContent_skip_link__kuVZk" data-sentry-component="SkipContent" data-sentry-source-file="SkipContent.tsx">Skip to Main Content</a><header class="Navigation_navigation__WOPZ6" data-sentry-element="unknown" data-sentry-component="Navigation" data-sentry-source-file="Navigation.tsx"><nav class="UtilityNav_utility_nav__RVYA4" data-sentry-component="UtilityNav" data-sentry-source-file="UtilityNav.tsx"><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd UtilityNav_home_link__z1H7w" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-label="PBS" viewBox="0 0 135 56"><path fill="#fff" d="M126.155 24.889c-3.072-1.595-5.522-2.878-5.522-5.328 0-1.75 1.478-2.8 4.006-2.8 2.955 0 5.6.972 7.622 2.178V12.6c-2.1-.894-5.017-1.672-7.622-1.672-7.389 0-10.695 4.394-10.695 9.177 0 5.6 3.773 8.284 7.895 10.462 4.083 2.177 5.639 3.11 5.639 5.444 0 1.983-1.711 3.111-4.589 3.111-4.006 0-6.806-1.828-8.672-3.305v6.727c1.711 1.206 5.405 2.645 8.594 2.645 7.156 0 11.706-3.733 11.706-9.761.038-6.3-5.289-8.945-8.362-10.54zM71.478 11.2h-8.867v33.6h6.611V34.106h1.323c8.283 0 13.416-4.395 13.416-11.473.04-7.155-4.627-11.433-12.483-11.433zm-2.256 5.6h1.945c3.889 0 6.378 2.255 6.378 5.717 0 3.772-2.295 5.91-6.34 5.91h-1.983V16.8zm35.895 9.917c2.256-1.556 3.344-3.85 3.344-6.923 0-5.289-3.888-8.594-10.189-8.594H88.006v33.6H98.7c8.206 0 11.939-5.289 11.939-10.189.039-3.85-2.1-6.844-5.522-7.894zm-7.35-9.84c2.606 0 4.278 1.595 4.278 4.123 0 2.528-1.828 4.161-4.628 4.161h-2.8v-8.244h3.15v-.04zM94.617 39.2v-8.79h4.2c3.344 0 5.328 1.633 5.328 4.356 0 2.916-1.984 4.394-5.95 4.394h-3.578v.039zM56 28c0 15.478-12.522 28-28 28S0 43.478 0 28 12.522 0 28 0s28 12.522 28 28z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="m48.416 28.272-3.11.622v5.756c0 1.944-1.595 3.461-3.656 3.461h-1.595V44.8h-5.133v-6.689h1.594c2.061 0 3.656-1.555 3.656-3.461v-5.756l3.111-.622c.661-.155 1.011-.894.7-1.478L35.816 11.2h5.095l8.166 15.594c.35.584 0 1.361-.66 1.478z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="M37.916 26.794 29.75 11.2h-8.44c-7.66 0-14.194 6.261-14 13.961.118 5.717 3.812 9.995 8.945 11.628V44.8h12.6v-6.689h1.595c2.06 0 3.655-1.555 3.655-3.461v-5.756l3.111-.622c.7-.116 1.05-.894.7-1.478zM27.34 25.9a3.203 3.203 0 0 1-3.19-3.189 3.203 3.203 0 0 1 3.19-3.189 3.203 3.203 0 0 1 3.189 3.19 3.203 3.203 0 0 1-3.19 3.188z"></path></svg></a><ul class="UtilityNav_utility_nav_links___FAFA"><li class=""><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/shows/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 17 16" class="UtilityNav_shows_icon__9s3nS" data-sentry-element="ShowsIcon" data-sentry-source-file="UtilityNav.tsx"><path fill="#fff" d="M15.619 0H4.944a.857.857 0 0 0 0 1.713h9.817v9.816a.857.857 0 0 0 1.714 0V.856a.856.856 0 0 0-.856-.857Z"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M11.017 4.599H1.332a.857.857 0 0 0-.857.856v9.688c0 .473.384.857.857.857h9.685a.857.857 0 0 0 .857-.857V5.455a.855.855 0 0 0-.857-.856Z"></path></svg>Shows</a></li><li class="MyListMenuItem_my_list_menu_item___Ira6" data-sentry-component="MyListMenuItem" data-sentry-source-file="MyListMenuItem.tsx"><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MyListMenuItem_my_list_link__JIqj2" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/my-list/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 21 16" class="MyListMenuItem_my_list_icon__no4QH" data-sentry-element="MyListIcon" data-sentry-source-file="MyListMenuItem.tsx"><path fill="#fff" d="m.386 7.854 6.121 6.809c.188.212.45.325.737.337.288 0 .55-.112.737-.325l11.88-12.78c.375-.4.35-1.036-.05-1.411a1.003 1.003 0 0 0-1.411.05L7.257 12.514 1.86 6.518A.993.993 0 0 0 .45 6.443c-.4.362-.438 1-.063 1.411Z"></path></svg>My List</a></li></ul><div class="NoStationNavButton_choose_station_button__w6UoO" data-sentry-component="NoStationNavButton" data-sentry-source-file="NoStationNavButton.tsx"><button class="Button_white_ghost___J9w4 NoStationNavButton_choose_station_button__w6UoO Button_min__vHFXY" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Choose Station</button></div><div class="SignInOrProfile_sign_in_or_profile__IM6xq undefined"></div><div class="SearchMenu_search_menu_wrapper__UsEs5"><button aria-label="Open Search Menu" role="button" class="SearchButtonLink_search_button__j_LDZ"><div class="SearchButtonLink_search_icon__JAtQa" aria-hidden="true"><div class="SearchButtonLink_circle__vPob5"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_1__A3F1d"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_2__5QtC3"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_3__X_Hhu"></div></div></button><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd SearchButtonLink_search_link__qizpE SearchMenu_search_link__shFBA" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/search/"><span class="visuallyhidden">Search</span><div class="SearchButtonLink_search_icon__JAtQa" aria-hidden="true"><div class="SearchButtonLink_circle__vPob5"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_1__A3F1d"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_2__5QtC3"></div><div class="SearchButtonLink_line_3__X_Hhu"></div></div></a><div class="SearchMenu_search_menu__bpG8o"><div class="SearchMenu_search_menu_inner__M0ieO"><form class="SearchMenu_search_form__LIshL" action="/search/"><input type="search" aria-label="Search PBS" placeholder="Search" class="SearchMenu_search_input__5IybF" name="q"/><button type="submit" aria-label="Go" class="SearchMenu_search_submit_button__tPCwh"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="m19.538 18.17-.029-.029.015-.014-5.53-5.53c2.373-3.072 2.16-7.493-.655-10.308a7.805 7.805 0 0 0-11.046 0 7.8 7.8 0 0 0 0 11.047 7.797 7.797 0 0 0 5.516 2.289c1.635 0 3.27-.512 4.635-1.522l5.559 5.56.028.028a1.073 1.073 0 0 0 1.507 0c.412-.441.412-1.11 0-1.521ZM3.8 11.828a5.693 5.693 0 0 1-1.664-4.024c0-1.521.597-2.943 1.664-4.009a5.66 5.66 0 0 1 4.009-1.663c1.521 0 2.943.597 4.009 1.663a5.66 5.66 0 0 1 1.663 4.01c0 1.279-.412 2.487-1.18 3.468l-1.023 1.024a5.652 5.652 0 0 1-3.47 1.18 5.587 5.587 0 0 1-4.008-1.65Z"></path></svg></button></form></div></div></div><div class="MobileMenu_mobile_menu_wrapper__qoErt"><button aria-label="Open Main Menu" role="button" class="MobileMenuButton_mobile_menu_button__VpQF2" data-sentry-component="MobileMenuButton" data-sentry-source-file="MobileMenuButton.tsx"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MobileMenuButton_hamburger__No3iT"><span class="MobileMenuButton_hamburger_line__bQR91"></span><span class="MobileMenuButton_hamburger_line__bQR91"></span><span class="MobileMenuButton_hamburger_line__bQR91"></span><span class="MobileMenuButton_hamburger_line__bQR91"></span></div></button><nav class="MobileMenu_mobile_menu__ytnrh"><div class="MobileMenu_mobile_menu_inner__ZbGli"><div class="MobileMenu_genres_toggle__zqRGZ"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 17 17"><rect width="7.149" height="7.149" x="0.961" y="0.719" fill="#fff" rx="1"></rect><rect width="7.149" height="7.149" x="9.642" y="0.719" fill="#fff" rx="1"></rect><rect width="7.149" height="7.149" x="0.961" y="9.57" fill="#fff" rx="1"></rect><rect width="7.149" height="7.149" x="9.642" y="9.57" fill="#fff" rx="1"></rect></svg><button class="MobileMenu_genres_button__hCpL5" role="button">Genres</button></div><ul class="MobileMenu_genre_links__Uor0o" data-sentry-component="MobileMenuGenres" data-sentry-source-file="MobileMenu.tsx"><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/passport/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 18 19" class="MobileMenu_passport_compass__b0NnT"><circle cx="9" cy="9.5" r="9" fill="#5680FF"></circle><path fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M.919 9.535c0-4.426 3.62-8.027 8.07-8.027s8.07 3.601 8.07 8.027c0 4.427-3.62 8.028-8.07 8.028S.919 13.962.919 9.535Zm6.498-1.562 1.54-5.215c-3.733.017-6.766 3.034-6.783 6.748l5.243-1.533ZM2.174 9.566 7.417 11.1l1.54 5.215c-3.733-.016-6.766-3.034-6.783-6.748Zm6.846 6.748 1.54-5.215 5.243-1.533c-.017 3.714-3.05 6.732-6.783 6.748Zm6.784-6.808c-.017-3.714-3.05-6.731-6.783-6.748l1.54 5.215 5.243 1.533Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path><path fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m6.934 6.508-.224.76-.765.224-1.19-2.168 2.18 1.184Zm6.288-1.184-1.19 2.168-.764-.223-.225-.761 2.18-1.184Zm-2.179 7.239.225-.761.765-.224 1.19 2.168-2.18-1.183Zm-5.099-.985-1.19 2.168 2.18-1.183-.224-.761-.766-.224Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg>Best of PBS Passport</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/arts/">Arts & Music</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/climate/">Climate, Nature & Our Planet</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/culture/">Culture</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/documentaries-and-indie-films/">Documentaries & Indie Films</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/drama/">Drama</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/henry-louis-gates-jr/">Dr. Henry Louis Gates Jr.</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/civics/">Elections & Civics</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/food/">Food</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/history/">History</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/home-and-how-to/">Home & How-To</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/news-and-public-affairs/">News & Public Affairs</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd MobileMenu_mobile_menu_genre_nav_link__BbTpJ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/explore/science-and-nature/">Science & Nature</a></li></ul><ul class="MobileMenu_links__b38Gw"><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/livestream/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 11 11" class="MobileMenu_live_tv_icon__AiDKv"><circle cx="5.475" cy="5.25" r="5" fill="#fff"></circle></svg>Live TV</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/shows/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 17 16"><path fill="#fff" d="M15.619 0H4.944a.857.857 0 0 0 0 1.713h9.817v9.816a.857.857 0 0 0 1.714 0V.856a.856.856 0 0 0-.856-.857Z"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M11.017 4.599H1.332a.857.857 0 0 0-.857.856v9.688c0 .473.384.857.857.857h9.685a.857.857 0 0 0 .857-.857V5.455a.855.855 0 0 0-.857-.856Z"></path></svg>Shows</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/my-station/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 13 20" class="MobileMenu_my_station_icon__sEvRV"><path fill="#fff" d="M12.12 6.56A6.06 6.06 0 1 0 .838 9.633L6.06 19l5.223-9.367c.531-.9.837-1.95.837-3.073ZM6.06 2.476a4.089 4.089 0 0 1 4.084 4.084 4.09 4.09 0 0 1-4.084 4.084A4.09 4.09 0 0 1 1.976 6.56 4.089 4.089 0 0 1 6.06 2.476Z"></path></svg>My Station</a></li><li><a class="NavLink_nav_link__vGfsd" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="NavLink" data-sentry-source-file="NavLink.tsx" href="/my-list/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 21 16"><path fill="#fff" d="m.386 7.854 6.121 6.809c.188.212.45.325.737.337.288 0 .55-.112.737-.325l11.88-12.78c.375-.4.35-1.036-.05-1.411a1.003 1.003 0 0 0-1.411.05L7.257 12.514 1.86 6.518A.993.993 0 0 0 .45 6.443c-.4.362-.438 1-.063 1.411Z"></path></svg>My List</a></li><li class="MobileMenu_personal__D93vd"><button class="Button_white_ghost___J9w4 Button_max__845GH" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Sign In</button></li></ul></div></nav></div></nav></header><main id="maincontent" tabindex="0"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"TVEpisode","@id":"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/","url":"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/","partOfTVSeries":{"@type":"TVSeries","name":"Weathered"},"name":"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?","partOfSeason":{"@type":"TVSeason","seasonNumber":4},"contentRating":"NR","description":"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?","datePublished":"2023-12-26","dateCreated":"2023-12-26","duration":"P642S","episodeNumber":6,"thumbnailUrl":"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg","image":"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg","isAccessibleForFree":true,"potentialAction":[{"@type":"WatchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/","actionPlatform":["http://schema.org/DesktopWebPlatform","http://schema.org/MobileWebPlatform"]}}],"video":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"VideoObject","name":"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?","description":"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?","thumbnailUrl":"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg","contentUrl":"https://player.pbs.org/viralplayer/3088266566","uploadDate":"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z","datePublished":"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z","duration":"P642S","potentialAction":{"@type":"SeekToAction","target":"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/?start=seek_to_second_number","startOffset-input":"required name=seek_to_second_number"}},"offers":{"@type":"AggregateOffer","offers":[{"@type":"Offer","url":"https://www.youtube.com/@pbsterra"},{"@type":"Offer","url":"https://www.instagram.com/pbsterra/"},{"@type":"Offer","url":"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg&utm_medium=web&utm_content=&utm_campaign=weathered"}]}}</script><div data-sentry-element="unknown" data-sentry-source-file="PageTransition.tsx" style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(20px) translateZ(0)"><div data-sentry-element="unknown" data-sentry-source-file="ComponentTransition.tsx" style="opacity:0"><div class="VideoPlayer_video_player_container__hTjCo" data-sentry-component="VideoPlayer" data-sentry-source-file="VideoPlayer.tsx"><div class="VideoPlayerOverlay_video_player_overlay__KRcef" data-sentry-component="VideoPlayerOverlay" data-sentry-source-file="VideoPlayerOverlay.tsx"><a class="VideoPlayerOverlay_nav_link__zTJ3E" aria-label="Go to Show Page" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="VideoPlayerOverlay.tsx" href="/show/weathered/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=400x 2x" alt="Weathered" width="200" loading="lazy" class="VideoPlayerOverlay_nav_link__logo__oNUQf" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a><div class="VideoPlayerOverlay_overlay_details__oUXS9"><p class="VideoPlayerOverlay_video_title__xrBrx">Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?</p><p class="VideoPlayerOverlay_video_meta_data__EGE0P">Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s<span><span class="visuallyhidden">Video has Closed Captions</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="AccessibilityIcons_accessibility_icons_icons__WLoMC"> | <span class="AccessibilityIcons_icon__mr09m" data-sentry-component="Icon" data-sentry-source-file="AccessibilityIcons.tsx">CC</span></span></span></p><p class="VideoPlayerOverlay_video_description__ECvMh">Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?</p><p class="AiringExpiringRating_aired_expired_rating__kMZf8 VideoPlayerOverlay_airing_expiring_rating__TuYVU" data-sentry-component="AiringExpiringRating" data-sentry-source-file="AiringExpiringRating.tsx">Aired 12/26/2023 | Rating NR</p><p class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__rF6fA" data-sentry-component="FromFranchise" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx">From<a class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__link__nLxkb" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx" href="/franchise/digital-studios/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=240x 2x" alt="Digital Studios" width="120" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></p></div></div><iframe src="" scrolling="no" title="Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?" name="player" class="VideoPlayer_video_player_iframe__7941X" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" loading="lazy" data-testid="video-player" allowFullScreen=""></iframe></div></div><div class="AboutThisVideo_about_this_video__wyt5m AboutThisVideo_above_tabs__dDA6F" data-sentry-component="AboutThisVideo" data-sentry-source-file="AboutThisVideo.tsx"><a class="AboutThisVideo_ancestor_link__5BZ4X" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="AboutThisVideo.tsx" href="/show/weathered/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=400x 2x" alt="Weathered" width="200" loading="lazy" class="AboutThisVideo_ancestor_logo__3hTHD" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a><h1 class="AboutThisVideo_video_title__xCysd">Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?</h1><p class="AboutThisVideo_video_summary__58lxH">Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s<span><span class="visuallyhidden">Video has Closed Captions</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="AccessibilityIcons_accessibility_icons_icons__WLoMC"> | <span class="AccessibilityIcons_icon__mr09m" data-sentry-component="Icon" data-sentry-source-file="AccessibilityIcons.tsx">CC</span></span></span></p><p class="AboutThisVideo_description_short__61u9A">Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?</p><p class="AboutThisVideo_description_long__PmChH">If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?</p><p class="AiringExpiringRating_aired_expired_rating__kMZf8 AboutThisVideo_video_airing_expiring_rating_info__PLESg" data-sentry-component="AiringExpiringRating" data-sentry-source-file="AiringExpiringRating.tsx">Aired 12/26/2023 | Rating NR</p><p class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__rF6fA AboutThisVideo_video_franchise__CbV_S" data-sentry-component="FromFranchise" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx">From<a class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__link__nLxkb" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx" href="/franchise/digital-studios/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=240x 2x" alt="Digital Studios" width="120" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></p></div><div class="TabContainer_tab_container__rdfS6" data-sentry-component="TabContainerProps" data-sentry-source-file="TabContainer.tsx"><ul class="TabContainer_tabs__PStha" role="tablist"><li role="presentation" data-sentry-component="Tab" data-sentry-source-file="Tab.tsx"><a id="tab1" class="Tab_tab_link__R2uTt Tab_is_active__X1_14" href="#About This Episode" role="tab">About This Episode</a></li><li role="presentation" data-sentry-component="Tab" data-sentry-source-file="Tab.tsx"><a id="tab2" class="Tab_tab_link__R2uTt false" href="#More Episodes" tabindex="-1" role="tab">More Episodes</a></li><li role="presentation" data-sentry-component="Tab" data-sentry-source-file="Tab.tsx"><a id="tab3" class="Tab_tab_link__R2uTt false" href="#Transcript" tabindex="-1" role="tab">Transcript</a></li><li role="presentation" data-sentry-component="Tab" data-sentry-source-file="Tab.tsx"><a id="tab4" class="Tab_tab_link__R2uTt false" href="#You Might Also Like" tabindex="-1" role="tab">You Might Also Like</a></li></ul><div class="TabContainer_tab_sections__1vOa5"><section aria-labelledby="tab1" class="TabContainer_tab_panel__08wWN" id="section1" role="tabpanel" tabindex="-1"><div class="AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab_container__nCOr_" data-sentry-component="AboutThisVideoTab" data-sentry-source-file="AboutThisVideoTab.tsx"><div class="AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab__5KPwk"><div class="AboutThisVideo_about_this_video__wyt5m AboutThisVideo_in_tab__00Axg" data-sentry-component="AboutThisVideo" data-sentry-source-file="AboutThisVideo.tsx"><a class="AboutThisVideo_ancestor_link__5BZ4X" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="AboutThisVideo.tsx" href="/show/weathered/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp&resize=400x 2x" alt="Weathered" width="200" loading="lazy" class="AboutThisVideo_ancestor_logo__3hTHD" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a><h1 class="AboutThisVideo_video_title__xCysd">Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?</h1><p class="AboutThisVideo_video_summary__58lxH">Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s<span><span class="visuallyhidden">Video has Closed Captions</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="AccessibilityIcons_accessibility_icons_icons__WLoMC"> | <span class="AccessibilityIcons_icon__mr09m" data-sentry-component="Icon" data-sentry-source-file="AccessibilityIcons.tsx">CC</span></span></span></p><p class="AboutThisVideo_description_long__PmChH">If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?</p><p class="AiringExpiringRating_aired_expired_rating__kMZf8 AboutThisVideo_video_airing_expiring_rating_info__PLESg" data-sentry-component="AiringExpiringRating" data-sentry-source-file="AiringExpiringRating.tsx">Aired 12/26/2023 | Rating NR</p><p class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__rF6fA AboutThisVideo_video_franchise__CbV_S" data-sentry-component="FromFranchise" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx">From<a class="FromFranchise_from_franchise__link__nLxkb" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FromFranchise.tsx" href="/franchise/digital-studios/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=120x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp&resize=240x 2x" alt="Digital Studios" width="120" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></p></div><div class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__qJwS_ AboutThisVideoTab_content_metadata__GMXbd" data-sentry-component="VideoContentMetadata" data-sentry-source-file="VideoContentMetadata.tsx"><div class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__genre__lIRzG"><h3 class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU">Genre</h3><ul class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__genre_badges__INsES"><li><a class="Badge_genre___xMWW" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="GenreBadge" data-sentry-source-file="GenreBadge.tsx" href="/shows/?search=&genre=science-and-nature">Science and Nature</a></li></ul></div><div class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__rating__83PDa"><h3 class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU">Maturity Rating</h3><ul><li><span class="Badge_yellow__Ew4BW Badge_rating__dqfZC" data-sentry-component="Badge" data-sentry-source-file="Badge.tsx">NR</span></li></ul></div><div class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__N0PEL"><h3 class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU">Share This Video</h3><ul class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__links__J7nSO"><li data-sentry-component="EmbedModalButton" data-sentry-source-file="EmbedModalButton.tsx"><button class="ContentMetadata_content_metadata__qJwS_ ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__links__embed_button__0cxyp"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="#fff" aria-hidden="true" class="embed-lg_svg__pbs-component-embed" viewBox="0 0 275.26 183.09" data-sentry-element="EmbedIcon" data-sentry-source-file="EmbedModalButton.tsx"><path d="M144.05 2.3a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 3.4-2.24L163 3.28a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 2.22 3.4l-36.11 174.11a2.88 2.88 0 0 1-3.39 2.24l-15.52-3.22a2.88 2.88 0 0 1-2.22-3.4zM30.72 88.24l61.1-61.1a2.88 2.88 0 0 0 0-4.07l-12-12a2.88 2.88 0 0 0-4.07 0L.84 86a2.88 2.88 0 0 0 0 4.07l.16.16a2.85 2.85 0 0 0 .69 1.11l74.92 74.92a2.88 2.88 0 0 0 4.07 0l12-12a2.87 2.87 0 0 0 0-4.07zm213.52 0-61.68-61.7a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 0-4.07l12.14-12.13a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 4.07 0L274.42 86a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 0 4.07l-.17.17a2.84 2.84 0 0 1-.69 1.12L197.9 167a2.88 2.88 0 0 1-4.07 0l-12.13-12.15a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 0-4.07z" class="embed-lg_svg__cls-1"></path></svg></button><dialog class="Modal_modal__tv1jq EmbedModal_embed_modal__Cy2A7" data-sentry-component="Modal" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><div><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__dialog__D0noj"><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__topbar__Ne1Xd"><h2 class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__topbar_title__9rgUm">Embed Video</h2></div><div><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__info__HYg9h"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?format=webp&resize=185x104" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?format=webp&resize=185x104 1x, https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?format=webp&resize=370x208 2x" alt="Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?" width="185" height="104" loading="lazy" class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__image__bpE6l" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/><p class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__show_title__2X70r">Weathered</p><h3 class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__video_title__nG5cJ">Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?</h3><p class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__meta__wRoUr">S4 Ep6</p></div><h3 class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__iframe_title__VESjR">Fixed iFrame</h3><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__edit_dimensions__pSP87"><label for="embed-width">Width: <span class="visuallyhidden">in pixels</span></label><input type="number" id="embed-width" min="320" step="1" name="width" value="512"/><span aria-hidden="true">px</span><label for="embed-height">Height: <span class="visuallyhidden">in pixels</span></label><input type="number" id="embed-height" min="258" step="1" name="height" value="332"/><span aria-hidden="true">px</span></div><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__input_button__nn4Ct"><input id="fixed-iframe-text" aria-labelledby="fixed-iframe-title" class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__text_for_copying__nj29_" type="text" aria-hidden="true" readOnly="" value="<iframe width="512" height="332" src="https://player.pbs.org/viralplayer/3088266566/" allowfullscreen allow="encrypted-media" style="border: 0;"></iframe>"/><button data-copy-target="fixed-iframe-text" class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__copy_button__JcieZ" aria-label="Click to copy the fixed iFrame"><span aria-hidden="true">Copy</span></button></div><h3 class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__iframe_title__VESjR">Responsive iFrame</h3><div class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__input_button__nn4Ct"><input id="fixed-iframe-text" aria-labelledby="fixed-iframe-title" class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__text_for_copying__nj29_" type="text" aria-hidden="true" readOnly="" value="<div class="pbs-viral-player-wrapper" style="position: relative; padding-top: calc(56.25% + 43px);"><iframe src="https://player.pbs.org/viralplayer/3088266566/" allowfullscreen allow="encrypted-media" style="position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0;"></iframe></div>"/><button data-copy-target="fixed-iframe-text" class="EmbedModal_embed_modal__copy_button__JcieZ" aria-label="Click to copy the fixed iFrame"><span aria-hidden="true">Copy</span></button></div></div></div><button class="Modal_btn__close__YK4di" aria-label="Close"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 34 35" data-sentry-element="CloseIcon" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><path d="M19.358 17.782 33.24 3.9a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.588 0L16.77 15.429 3.123 1.547a1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.589 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588l13.883 13.883L.534 31.664a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.589 0L17.005 20.37l13.882 13.883a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.588 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588L19.358 17.782Z"></path></svg></button></div></dialog></li><li><div class="CopyButton_copy_button__fFFZv" data-sentry-component="CopyButton" data-sentry-source-file="CopyButton.tsx"><button title="Copy link to video"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="#fff" aria-hidden="true" class="link_svg__pbs-link" viewBox="0 0 17 17"><path d="M9.7 1.8c.7-.7 1.7-1.1 2.8-1.1 2.2 0 3.9 1.8 3.9 3.9 0 1-.4 2-1.1 2.8l-1.4 1.4c-.2.1-.4.2-.6.2-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.5s.1-.4.2-.5l1.4-1.4c.5-.5.7-1.1.7-1.7 0-1.3-1.1-2.4-2.4-2.4-.7 0-1.3.3-1.7.7l-3 2.8c-.5.5-.7 1.1-.7 1.8 0 .8.4 1.6 1.1 2.1.2.1.3.3.3.5s0 .4-.1.6c-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3s-.4 0-.6-.1c-1.1-.7-1.8-2-1.8-3.3 0-1 .4-2 1.1-2.8l3.1-3.1zm-.6 4.3c.2 0 .4 0 .6.1 1.1.7 1.8 2 1.8 3.3 0 1-.4 2-1.1 2.8l-2.9 2.9c-.7.7-1.7 1.1-2.8 1.1-2.2 0-3.9-1.8-3.9-3.9 0-1 .4-2 1.1-2.8l1.4-1.4c.1-.1.3-.2.5-.2s.4.1.5.2c.1.1.2.3.2.5s-.1.4-.2.5l-1.4 1.4c-.5.5-.7 1.1-.7 1.7 0 1.3 1.1 2.4 2.4 2.4.7 0 1.3-.3 1.7-.7l2.9-2.9c.5-.5.7-1.1.7-1.7 0-.8-.4-1.6-1.1-2.1-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.3 0-.2 0-.4.1-.6.1-.1.2-.2.4-.3z"></path></svg></button><span class="CopyButton_copy_button__copied_text___stpD" aria-live="polite" aria-hidden="true">Link Copied to Clipboard</span></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="HowToWatch_how_to_watch__Gcdsz AboutThisVideoTab_how_to_watch__SpaHA" data-sentry-component="HowToWatch" data-sentry-source-file="HowToWatch.tsx"><h2 class="HowToWatch_how_to_watch__title__YT9oM">How to Watch Weathered</h2><p class="HowToWatch_how_to_watch__text__T1_U6">Weathered is available to stream on pbs.org and the free PBS App, available on iPhone, Apple TV, Android TV, Android smartphones, Amazon Fire TV, Amazon Fire Tablet, Roku, Samsung Smart TV, and Vizio.</p><ul class="HowToWatch_how_to_watch__links__P1Si_"><li><a href="/show/weathered/">Stream Here on PBS.org</a></li><li><a target="_blank" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="HowToWatch.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/pbs-app/">Download the PBS App <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" class="external-link_svg__external-link" viewBox="0 0 18.5 15.6" data-sentry-element="ExternalLinkIcon" data-sentry-source-file="HowToWatch.tsx"><path d="M14.2 9.1h-.7c-.1 0-.2 0-.2.1-.1.1-.1.1-.1.2v3.3c0 .4-.2.8-.5 1.2-.3.3-.7.5-1.2.5H3c-.5 0-.8-.2-1.2-.5-.3-.3-.5-.7-.5-1.2V4.2c0-.4.2-.8.5-1.2.3-.2.7-.4 1.2-.4h7.3c.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1.1-.1.1-.1.1-.2v-.7c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1H3c-.8 0-1.5.3-2.1.9-.6.5-.9 1.2-.9 2v8.5c0 .8.3 1.5.9 2.1.6.6 1.3.9 2.1.9h8.6c.8 0 1.5-.3 2.1-.9.6-.6.9-1.3.9-2.1V9.5c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.2-.1-.2-.2-.3-.2z"></path><path d="M18.3.2c-.2-.1-.3-.2-.5-.2h-5.3c-.2 0-.3.1-.5.2-.1.1-.2.3-.2.5s.1.3.2.5L13.8 3 7.2 9.5c-.1.1-.1.2-.1.3 0 .1 0 .2.1.2l1.2 1.2c.1.1.1.1.2.1s.2 0 .2-.1l6.7-6.6 1.8 1.8c.1.1.3.2.5.2s.3-.1.5-.2c.1-.1.2-.3.2-.5V.7c0-.2-.1-.4-.2-.5z"></path></svg></a></li><li><a target="_blank" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="HowToWatch.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/cgi-registry/whatson/index.cgir">Check Your Local Listings for Broadcast Schedules <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" class="external-link_svg__external-link" viewBox="0 0 18.5 15.6" data-sentry-element="ExternalLinkIcon" data-sentry-source-file="HowToWatch.tsx"><path d="M14.2 9.1h-.7c-.1 0-.2 0-.2.1-.1.1-.1.1-.1.2v3.3c0 .4-.2.8-.5 1.2-.3.3-.7.5-1.2.5H3c-.5 0-.8-.2-1.2-.5-.3-.3-.5-.7-.5-1.2V4.2c0-.4.2-.8.5-1.2.3-.2.7-.4 1.2-.4h7.3c.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1.1-.1.1-.1.1-.2v-.7c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1H3c-.8 0-1.5.3-2.1.9-.6.5-.9 1.2-.9 2v8.5c0 .8.3 1.5.9 2.1.6.6 1.3.9 2.1.9h8.6c.8 0 1.5-.3 2.1-.9.6-.6.9-1.3.9-2.1V9.5c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.2-.1-.2-.2-.3-.2z"></path><path d="M18.3.2c-.2-.1-.3-.2-.5-.2h-5.3c-.2 0-.3.1-.5.2-.1.1-.2.3-.2.5s.1.3.2.5L13.8 3 7.2 9.5c-.1.1-.1.2-.1.3 0 .1 0 .2.1.2l1.2 1.2c.1.1.1.1.2.1s.2 0 .2-.1l6.7-6.6 1.8 1.8c.1.1.3.2.5.2s.3-.1.5-.2c.1-.1.2-.3.2-.5V.7c0-.2-.1-.4-.2-.5z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab_lower_content__0MdFQ"><div class="LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__gf7OI" data-sentry-component="LearningMediaBadge" data-sentry-source-file="LearningMediaBadge.tsx"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" aria-label="PBS Learning Media" viewBox="0 0 176 60" data-sentry-element="PBSLearningMediaWhiteBlueFill" data-sentry-source-file="LearningMediaBadge.tsx"><path fill="#2638C4" d="M21.5 42C32.822 42 42 32.822 42 21.5S32.822 1 21.5 1 1 10.178 1 21.5 10.178 42 21.5 42z"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M119.126 43.484a9.075 9.075 0 0 1 3.774.805v9.127a4.674 4.674 0 0 1-1.213 3.355 5.406 5.406 0 0 1-3.908 1.208 12.292 12.292 0 0 1-3.1-.403V55.43a7.943 7.943 0 0 0 3.1.537 3.174 3.174 0 0 0 2.156-.672 2.168 2.168 0 0 0 .674-1.878v-.135c-.642.263-1.328.4-2.022.403a5.49 5.49 0 0 1-2.56-.537 4.373 4.373 0 0 1-1.752-1.745 6.092 6.092 0 0 1-.674-2.684 4.891 4.891 0 0 1 3.372-5.03 4.932 4.932 0 0 1 2.153-.204zm46.762.134v10.2h-2.291v-10.2h2.291zm-4.986-4.697v14.36a9.89 9.89 0 0 1-4.043.806 5.02 5.02 0 0 1-3.773-1.343 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.809-6.844 4.994 4.994 0 0 1 2.753-2.285 5.02 5.02 0 0 1 3.581.137v-4.831h2.291zM92.31 43.484a3.367 3.367 0 0 1 2.56.94 3.461 3.461 0 0 1 .943 2.684v6.844h-2.29V47.51a2.677 2.677 0 0 0-.405-1.476 1.564 1.564 0 0 0-1.347-.537 4.8 4.8 0 0 0-1.348.269c-.404.268-.674.537-1.078.805v7.247h-2.291v-10.2h1.887l.134.94c.384-.365.844-.64 1.348-.806.62-.145 1.25-.235 1.886-.268zm-7.547.134V45.9a3.75 3.75 0 0 0-1.213-.134 2.514 2.514 0 0 0-2.29 1.342v6.979h-2.292V43.752h1.887l.27 1.343a2.69 2.69 0 0 1 1.078-1.074 2.7 2.7 0 0 1 1.482-.403 1.488 1.488 0 0 1 1.078 0zm-33.285-3.623v11.81h5.12v2.147h-7.546V39.995h2.426zm49.187 3.623v10.2h-2.291v-10.2h2.291zm26.682-3.623 4.851 7.784 4.851-7.784h2.022v13.957h-2.291v-9.529l-4.312 6.711h-.674l-4.313-6.845v9.53h-2.29V39.994h2.156zM72.5 43.485a4.931 4.931 0 0 1 3.234 1.073 4.023 4.023 0 0 1 1.078 2.952v6.174h-1.886l-.27-.94a5.499 5.499 0 0 1-3.234 1.074 3.301 3.301 0 0 1-2.426-.805 3.228 3.228 0 0 1-.943-2.282 2.42 2.42 0 0 1 .295-1.417c.241-.431.608-.78 1.053-.998.974-.58 2.1-.86 3.234-.806a7.705 7.705 0 0 1 1.752.135v-.135a2.85 2.85 0 0 0-.405-1.61c-.27-.403-.943-.537-1.751-.537-.54 0-1.078.134-1.618.134-.557.118-1.1.298-1.617.537v-2.013c1.142-.32 2.319-.5 3.504-.537zm35.981 0a3.366 3.366 0 0 1 2.56.938 3.466 3.466 0 0 1 .943 2.685v6.844h-2.291V47.51a2.673 2.673 0 0 0-.404-1.476 1.565 1.565 0 0 0-1.347-.537 4.81 4.81 0 0 0-1.348.269c-.404.268-.674.537-1.078.805v7.247h-2.156v-10.2h1.886l.135.94c.384-.365.844-.64 1.348-.806a7.906 7.906 0 0 1 1.752-.268zm63.201 0a4.931 4.931 0 0 1 3.234 1.073 4.027 4.027 0 0 1 1.079 2.952v6.174h-1.887l-.27-.94a5.498 5.498 0 0 1-3.234 1.074 3.296 3.296 0 0 1-2.425-.805 3.23 3.23 0 0 1-.944-2.282 2.43 2.43 0 0 1 1.348-2.415 5.77 5.77 0 0 1 3.234-.806 7.707 7.707 0 0 1 1.752.135v-.135a2.857 2.857 0 0 0-.404-1.61c-.27-.403-.944-.537-1.752-.537-.539 0-1.078.134-1.617.134-.558.118-1.1.298-1.617.537v-2.013c1.141-.32 2.318-.5 3.503-.537zm-26.143 0a4.177 4.177 0 0 1 2.426.67c.694.379 1.222 1 1.482 1.745.37.751.555 1.58.539 2.416.022.363-.024.727-.135 1.073h-6.738a2.782 2.782 0 0 0 .963 2.015 2.803 2.803 0 0 0 2.137.67 6.283 6.283 0 0 0 3.099-.806v2.013a4.81 4.81 0 0 1-1.482.537 8.326 8.326 0 0 1-1.887.134 5.194 5.194 0 0 1-2.83-.67 4.25 4.25 0 0 1-1.886-1.88 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.674-2.818 5.354 5.354 0 0 1 2.426-4.563 8.727 8.727 0 0 1 2.56-.537zm-83.011 0a4.176 4.176 0 0 1 2.426.67c.694.379 1.222 1 1.482 1.745.37.751.555 1.58.539 2.416.022.363-.024.727-.135 1.073h-6.738a2.783 2.783 0 0 0 .963 2.015 2.807 2.807 0 0 0 2.137.67 6.287 6.287 0 0 0 3.1-.806v2.013c-.462.26-.963.44-1.483.537a8.321 8.321 0 0 1-1.887.134 5.191 5.191 0 0 1-2.83-.67 4.249 4.249 0 0 1-1.886-1.88 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.674-2.818 5.991 5.991 0 0 1 .539-2.684 4.678 4.678 0 0 1 1.752-1.88 9.615 9.615 0 0 1 2.695-.536zm109.693 5.77a3.748 3.748 0 0 0-1.752.403 1.348 1.348 0 0 0-.808 1.208 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 .404.94c.294.267.68.412 1.078.402a3.77 3.77 0 0 0 2.426-.806v-1.879a2.218 2.218 0 0 0-1.348-.268zm-99.182 0a3.745 3.745 0 0 0-1.752.403 1.346 1.346 0 0 0-.808 1.208 1.216 1.216 0 0 0 .404.94c.293.267.68.412 1.078.402.875 0 1.726-.283 2.426-.806v-1.879a2.434 2.434 0 0 0-1.348-.268zm83.955-4.026a2.706 2.706 0 0 0-2.157.94 3.738 3.738 0 0 0-.808 2.415 3.26 3.26 0 0 0 .808 2.416 2.475 2.475 0 0 0 2.022.805 6.767 6.767 0 0 0 1.617-.268V45.63a2.176 2.176 0 0 0-1.482-.402zm-38.002.268a2.518 2.518 0 0 0-2.156.94 3.273 3.273 0 0 0-.809 2.416 3.82 3.82 0 0 0 .674 2.281 2.693 2.693 0 0 0 2.021.805 4.314 4.314 0 0 0 1.887-.402V45.63a6.595 6.595 0 0 0-1.617-.134zm-56.464 0a2.595 2.595 0 0 0-1.617.537 2.336 2.336 0 0 0-.809 1.61h4.582a2.786 2.786 0 0 0-.674-1.61 1.497 1.497 0 0 0-1.482-.537zm83.146 0a2.592 2.592 0 0 0-1.617.537 2.343 2.343 0 0 0-.809 1.61h4.582a2.783 2.783 0 0 0-.674-1.61 1.61 1.61 0 0 0-1.482-.537zM21.966 0A22.165 22.165 0 0 1 34.28 3.644a22.031 22.031 0 0 1 8.2 9.85 21.926 21.926 0 0 1 1.312 12.728 21.98 21.98 0 0 1-6.017 11.304 22.127 22.127 0 0 1-11.313 6.062c-4.29.86-8.741.432-12.788-1.23a22.082 22.082 0 0 1-9.94-8.105A21.951 21.951 0 0 1 6.421 6.49 22.132 22.132 0 0 1 21.966 0zm77.486 39.458c.398-.01.784.134 1.078.402a1.435 1.435 0 0 1 .135 1.88l-.135.133c-.294.269-.68.413-1.078.403a1.796 1.796 0 0 1-1.078-.403 1.446 1.446 0 0 1-.405-.939 1.216 1.216 0 0 1 .405-.94 1.62 1.62 0 0 1 1.078-.536zm65.223 0a1.54 1.54 0 0 1 1.078.402 1.435 1.435 0 0 1 .135 1.88l-.135.133a1.54 1.54 0 0 1-1.078.403 1.796 1.796 0 0 1-1.078-.403 1.448 1.448 0 0 1-.405-.939 1.226 1.226 0 0 1 .405-.94 1.34 1.34 0 0 1 1.078-.536zM97.295 8.724a14.24 14.24 0 0 1 5.93 1.342v4.966a13.22 13.22 0 0 0-5.93-1.745c-2.02 0-3.099.805-3.099 2.147 0 1.88 1.887 2.953 4.312 4.16 2.426 1.209 6.604 3.356 6.604 8.188 0 4.831-3.504 7.65-9.164 7.65a13.34 13.34 0 0 1-6.738-2.014v-5.234a10.36 10.36 0 0 0 6.738 2.55c2.29 0 3.639-.94 3.639-2.416 0-1.879-1.213-2.55-4.448-4.294-3.234-1.745-6.198-3.758-6.198-8.187-.135-3.758 2.56-7.113 8.355-7.113zm-41.37.537c6.199 0 9.837 3.355 9.837 8.857 0 5.503-4.043 8.858-10.511 8.858h-1.078v8.321h-5.12V9.261h6.872zm20.887 0c4.986 0 8.086 2.55 8.086 6.71a5.804 5.804 0 0 1-.6 3.057 5.834 5.834 0 0 1-2.095 2.312 6.157 6.157 0 0 1 3.299 2.318 6.116 6.116 0 0 1 1.148 3.855c0 3.758-2.965 7.918-9.433 7.918h-8.49V9.261h8.085zm-44.47 0h-3.908l6.199 12.079c0 .134 0 .134.135.268.134.402-.135.805-.674.94l-2.426.536v4.43a2.674 2.674 0 0 1-.836 1.946 2.696 2.696 0 0 1-1.994.737h-1.213v5.235h3.909v-5.235h1.212a2.706 2.706 0 0 0 1.994-.737 2.685 2.685 0 0 0 .836-1.947v-4.429l2.426-.537c.135 0 .135 0 .27-.134a.727.727 0 0 0 .393-.787.724.724 0 0 0-.124-.287L32.342 9.262zm-8.894 0h-6.603c-1.445-.02-2.88.247-4.22.785a10.907 10.907 0 0 0-3.59 2.347 10.82 10.82 0 0 0-3.24 7.739 9.478 9.478 0 0 0 2.002 5.656 9.543 9.543 0 0 0 5.005 3.336v6.173h9.972v-5.234h1.213a2.706 2.706 0 0 0 1.994-.737 2.685 2.685 0 0 0 .836-1.947V22.95l2.426-.537a1.01 1.01 0 0 0 .673-.94c0-.133 0-.133-.134-.268L23.448 9.261zm53.769 14.897h-3.37v6.845h2.83c3.1 0 4.717-1.208 4.717-3.49 0-2.013-1.617-3.355-4.177-3.355zM55.79 13.689h-1.482v8.993h1.617c3.1 0 4.986-1.745 4.986-4.564a4.627 4.627 0 0 0-1.602-3.314 4.668 4.668 0 0 0-3.519-1.114zm-34.229 2.014c.68 0 1.33.268 1.81.747a2.545 2.545 0 0 1-.83 4.159 2.569 2.569 0 0 1-3.345-1.38 2.543 2.543 0 0 1-.195-.976 2.46 2.46 0 0 1 .725-1.828 2.48 2.48 0 0 1 1.835-.722zm54.847-2.013h-2.56v6.442h2.156a3.316 3.316 0 0 0 2.53-.814 3.29 3.29 0 0 0 1.108-2.408 3.02 3.02 0 0 0-.885-2.338 3.049 3.049 0 0 0-2.349-.882z"></path></svg><span class="LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__copy_long__27yWk">Find curriculum-aligned teaching resources for Weathered</span><span class="LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__copy_short__pG46Y">Teaching resources for Weathered</span><a class="Button_white_ghost___J9w4 LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__button__iD3ca" title="Weathered" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="LinkButton" data-sentry-source-file="LinkButton.tsx" href="https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg&utm_medium=web&utm_content=&utm_campaign=weathered">Explore Free Resources</a></div></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="tab2" hidden="" class="TabContainer_tab_panel__08wWN" id="section2" role="tabpanel" tabindex="-1"><div class="MoreEpisodesTab_more_episodes_tab__BSYrN" data-sentry-component="MoreEpisodesTab" data-sentry-source-file="MoreEpisodesTab.tsx"><div data-sentry-component="SeasonNavigator" data-sentry-source-file="SeasonNavigator.tsx"><select class="SeasonNavigator_season_navigator_select__Wqa_r" name="season-picker"><option value="a1844d86-3347-47c5-95bc-6b66314d4465">Season 5</option><option value="16b31832-5759-4628-9f82-0f5ef7d936cf" selected="">Season 4</option><option value="96f63e37-1b4b-487c-8593-ed0607335de6">Season 3</option><option value="e92dc56e-52fc-4ea4-8c0f-67b06403a886">Season 2</option><option value="58d9b2aa-8e2e-4fec-9d70-bbd31608709f">Season 1</option></select><div class="SeasonNavigator_season_navigator__episodes__MF9ST"><div class="LoadingIndicator_loading_indicator__1qA5t SeasonNavigator_season_navigator__loading__8BSyY" data-sentry-component="LoadingIndicator" data-sentry-source-file="LoadingIndicator.tsx"><div class="LoadingIndicator_loading_indicator__spinner__YZP7g"><div class="LoadingIndicator_loading_indicator__spinner__YZP7g"></div><div class="LoadingIndicator_loading_indicator__spinner__YZP7g"></div><div class="LoadingIndicator_loading_indicator__spinner__YZP7g"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SponsorshipUnit_sponsorship_unit__n22lC" style="width:300px;min-height:279px" data-sentry-component="SponsorshipUnit" data-sentry-source-file="SponsorshipUnit.tsx"><div id="medium-rectangle-half-page"></div><div class="SponsorshipUnit_sponsorship_explanation__YwYWi"><p class="SponsorshipUnit_sponsorship_explanation__text__d0SLm">Providing Support for PBS.org</p><a target="_blank" class="SponsorshipUnit_sponsorship_explanation__link__AEMoL" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pbs.org/online-sponsorship-support">Learn More<span class="visuallyhidden">about PBS online sponsorship</span></a></div></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="tab3" hidden="" class="TabContainer_tab_panel__08wWN" id="section3" role="tabpanel" tabindex="-1"><div class="Transcript_transcript__PWLZ_"><a target="_blank" class="Transcript_transcript_over_link__yumpN" href="https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt">Open in new tab<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" class="external-link_svg__external-link" viewBox="0 0 18.5 15.6"><path d="M14.2 9.1h-.7c-.1 0-.2 0-.2.1-.1.1-.1.1-.1.2v3.3c0 .4-.2.8-.5 1.2-.3.3-.7.5-1.2.5H3c-.5 0-.8-.2-1.2-.5-.3-.3-.5-.7-.5-1.2V4.2c0-.4.2-.8.5-1.2.3-.2.7-.4 1.2-.4h7.3c.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1.1-.1.1-.1.1-.2v-.7c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1H3c-.8 0-1.5.3-2.1.9-.6.5-.9 1.2-.9 2v8.5c0 .8.3 1.5.9 2.1.6.6 1.3.9 2.1.9h8.6c.8 0 1.5-.3 2.1-.9.6-.6.9-1.3.9-2.1V9.5c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.2-.1-.2-.2-.3-.2z"></path><path d="M18.3.2c-.2-.1-.3-.2-.5-.2h-5.3c-.2 0-.3.1-.5.2-.1.1-.2.3-.2.5s.1.3.2.5L13.8 3 7.2 9.5c-.1.1-.1.2-.1.3 0 .1 0 .2.1.2l1.2 1.2c.1.1.1.1.2.1s.2 0 .2-.1l6.7-6.6 1.8 1.8c.1.1.3.2.5.2s.3-.1.5-.2c.1-.1.2-.3.2-.5V.7c0-.2-.1-.4-.2-.5z"></path></svg></a><div class="Transcript_transcript_text__VV7li"><p> - Earth's temperature has fluctuated wildly over its life.</p><p>Maybe more importantly, during the past 500 million years, it hit peaks of around 17 degrees Celsius hotter than pre-industrial temperatures.</p><p>And even when dinosaurs roamed, it was much hotter than today.</p><p>So what's the big deal about one or two degrees of warming today?</p><p>Well, looking back into our climate record provides some fascinating lessons and a pretty dire warning about our current situation.</p><p>But as it turns out, there is not much new about the method of climate change.</p><p>- Greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide in particular is sort of the primary driving force over all of earth history.</p><p>We are sort of at the precipice right now, and if we do not take dramatic action within the next several years, then we will miss that opportunity to stabilize warming below truly catastrophic levels.</p><p>Holes.</p><p>- In this episode, I'm going to walk you through our planet's climate history.</p><p>Michael Mann just wrote a book on this very topic called Our Fragile Moment.</p><p>So we called him up to help us understand our current situation.</p><p>But before we start, let's take a look at this chart of the geologic timescale so you can get your bearings.</p><p>As you can see, earth was formed around 4.6 billion years ago, but today we're gonna start our discussion.</p><p>When Earth was an ice house or snowball earth, if you will, about two and a half billion years ago.</p><p>- Up until that point, the atmosphere had been relatively oxygen free.</p><p>The earlier earth atmosphere had very large amounts of methane.</p><p>That's part of how the planet was as warm as it was despite the fact that the sun was 30% less bright.</p><p>There was an innovation, a biological innovation.</p><p>Cyanobacteria developed a new pathway for photosynthesis, a pathway that actually released oxygen.</p><p>So these bacteria scavenged all the methane, you know, lowering the greenhouse effect, cooling off the planet, forming ice.</p><p>The ice reflects sunlight back to space so you get more cooling.</p><p>And we got a runaway ice house where Earth got trapped in this frozen state.</p><p>Earth was literally a giant snowball.</p><p>There was ice all the way down at the equator at sea level covering the oceans.</p><p>- Many scientists believe that CO2 from volcanoes and other processes is what finally thawed the planet 300 million years later.</p><p>But how did life survive?</p><p>Such extreme conditions?</p><p>- We think it survived in hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean, and perhaps shallow pools of melt water at the very surface of the frozen tropical oceans.</p><p>- Fast forward a couple billion years, the dinosaurs have come and gone and it starts to get very hot.</p><p>- So one of the sort of defining episodes in in climate history is the so-called Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, an episode of rapid warming that came about 10 million years after the demise of the dinosaurs.</p><p>The asteroid that struck the planet was already fairly warm, and then it warmed even more fairly rapidly.</p><p>- Average temperatures rose by as much as five to eight degrees Celsius, reaching as high as 22.8 degrees Celsius, or 73 degrees Fahrenheit.</p><p>And again, the reason for this change in temperature is important.</p><p>- 90% of it was a rapid release of carbon dioxide in this case because of an unusually active episode of vulcanism in the North Atlantic near modern day Iceland that put a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere over a relatively short period of time.</p><p>And short period of time in this case is like 10,000 years, not nearly as short as today, but what that episode tells us is the warming was caused by the carbon dioxide, and that's what's happening today.</p><p>The difference is we can stop it.</p><p>- Carbon dioxide is like the Earth's thermostat.</p><p>Changes in this key greenhouse gas have been associated with almost every major temperature fluctuation In Earth's history.</p><p>Methane plays an important but lesser role as well as aerosols from volcanoes and asteroids.</p><p>But carbon dioxide is really the driving force here.</p><p>Now, let's zoom in on the last 800,000 years.</p><p>When we do that, we see this fascinating saw tooth pattern where earth enters ice ages, then the ice retreats and the earth warms.</p><p>Amazingly, our hominid ancestors live through these giant saw tooth swings of temperatures in relatively low populations, and looking at a comparison of temperature in CO2, the relationship is striking.</p><p>But about 10,000 years ago, something strange happened instead of slowly descending back into an ice age as one would expect we didn't.</p><p>So for the last 10,000 years, humans experienced an unprecedented, warm, stable period of climate history.</p><p>And I know you might be wondering why.</p><p>Well, there isn't a scientific consensus on it, but one theory suggests that it was actually human agriculture and land use that decreased tree cover and increased atmospheric CO2, just enough to keep temperatures constant when they might have dipped back down to ice H levels.</p><p>During that time, the population exploded from as few as 1 million to 8 billion people.</p><p>- We built our entire infrastructure that now serves the needs of more than 8 billion people.</p><p>That infrastructure was built is tied to a climate that existed for thousands of years, but is now changing very rapidly.</p><p>And so that's the fragile moment.</p><p>We probably leveraged the carrying capacity of the planet by a factor of 10 through our technology.</p><p>And if that infrastructure collapses, we lose our ability to maintain the resources necessary for this global population that exists today.</p><p>- But we know the Earth's climate has made wild swings before.</p><p>So what's different today?</p><p>During the time of the dinosaurs, carbon dioxide levels were much higher than today and the world was much warmer.</p><p>But then nature buried that carbon in dead plant matter in animals.</p><p>And over time that dead animal and plant matter turned into coal, natural gas and oil.</p><p>That's why they're called fossil fuels.</p><p>And now we're taking all of that dead stuff that accumulated over a period of 100 million years and we're burning it rapidly.</p><p>And remember earlier Michael Mann mentioned that the rapid warming of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum happened over a period of 10,000 years.</p><p>We are currently burning an exorbitant amount of carbon in just a couple of centuries.</p><p>- The rapid warming of the past century is unprecedented.</p><p>There's nothing like it in at least 2000 years.</p><p>We know we're responsible for that warming spike.</p><p>- When Michael Mann and his colleagues first published this, so-called Hockey Stick Graph in 1999, it received a lot of backlash, but dozens of independent studies verified the results.</p><p>We are truly warming the climate at an unprecedented rate.</p><p>Just for an example, the warming that happened after the last ice age 18 to 12,000 years ago, that was a hundred times slower than the warming we're seeing today.</p><p>But perhaps more importantly, there are a lot of us now and everything we've built is dependent upon a stable climate.</p><p>- Now, the worst case scenario where we fail to act, we continue to warm the planet by, you know, seven, eight, or nine degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century.</p><p>That's where we see massive sea level rise, where we see hundred million or more people displaced by global sea level rise - Based on current energy and emissions projections.</p><p>Eight or nine degrees of warming is at the very high range of what's possible.</p><p>But I think it's important to look at sea level because it's the primary impact of climate change we're experiencing today that we can actually measure from the past.</p><p>And it also shows just how long it takes for the effects of excess heat energy to play out on earth's systems.</p><p>The last 2,500 years of sea level mirrored the earth's stable temperature with relatively minor ups and downs.</p><p>And if you look at sea level rise over a longer period, you can see that it follows the carbon and temperature graft closely.</p><p>But let's zoom in.</p><p>At the end of the last ice age, around 20,000 years ago as the earth warmed sea level rose around 130 meters.</p><p>But check this out, there's a lag even after warming leveled off, sea level rise continued, and that's important for future projections.</p><p>- Consequences are certainly dire, but we can prevent additional warming of the planet and all of the extreme weather events and everything else that goes with that from getting worse.</p><p>If we solve this problem, if we attack it at its source, geoengineering carbon capture, no, we just need to stop burning fossil fuels.</p><p>- Well, you heard him according to Michael Mann.</p><p>It comes down to us humans cause this rapid warming, which means at least in theory, we can stop it.</p><p>And that's not something that only Michael Mann believes human cause climate change is pretty much settled science.</p><p>But regardless of that fact, and I'm speaking to those who still may be a bit skeptical of all this, those who say that the climate has always changed.</p><p>So why should we be concerned now?</p><p>Perhaps that is in fact why we should be concerned.</p><p>Change is happening.</p><p>Change is literally constant.</p><p>It happened before human civilization.</p><p>It's happening now and it will continue to happen.</p><p>But as I digress, this current rate of change is unprecedented and it's almost certainly faster than 8 billion humans can adapt to.</p><p>So maybe the question should be this, can humans adopt a nimble mindset on a large scale to halt human caused warming?</p><p>And can we adapt to the change that's already baked in to continue to thrive on this planet?</p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="tab4" hidden="" class="TabContainer_tab_panel__08wWN" id="section4" role="tabpanel" tabindex="-1"><div data-sentry-component="ShowGrid" data-sentry-source-file="ShowGrid.tsx"><ul class="ShowGrid_show_grid__MflrY"><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/digital-studios/"><p class="ShowPoster_show_poster__fallback__nTlXg">Digital Studios</p></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/fascinating-fails/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Fascinating Fails" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/sovereign-innovations/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Sovereign Innovations" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/in-the-margins/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="In the Margins" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/eons/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Eons" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/citizen-better/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Citizen Better" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/roots-of-resistance/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Roots of Resistance" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/its-okay-be-smart/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Be Smart" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/overview/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Overview" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/pbs-space-time/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="PBS Space Time" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/outside-the-lyrics/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Outside the Lyrics" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li><li><a class="ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-component="ShowPoster" data-sentry-source-file="ShowPoster.tsx" href="/show/hungry-planet/"><img src="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340" srcSet="https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp&crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp&crop=454x680 2x" alt="Hungry Planet" width="227" height="340" loading="lazy" data-sentry-component="ITSImage" data-sentry-source-file="ITSImage.tsx"/></a></li></ul></div></section></div></div></div></main><footer class="footer_footer__pbsorg__k3vyc" data-sentry-component="Footer" data-sentry-source-file="Footer.tsx"><div class="footer_footer_inner__b4GIZ"><div class="footer_footer_linklists__h2RBp"><section class="footer_footer_section__first__J58hT"><h2 class="footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E">Our Sites</h2><ul class="footer_footer_links__Csif2"><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/parents/">Parents</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/food/">Food</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/digital-studios/">Digital Studios</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/articles/topic/black-culture-connection/">Black Culture Connection</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.shop.pbskids.org/">PBS KIDS Shop</a></li></ul></section><section class="footer_footer_section__second__h2dvL"><h2 class="footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E">Learn More</h2><ul class="footer_footer_links__Csif2"><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://foundation.pbs.org/">PBS Foundation</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/value/">The Value of PBS</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/">About Us</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/blogs/news/">Press Releases</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/careers/">Careers</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/standards/">PBS Standards</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/support-pbs/">Support PBS</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/producing-pbs/">Producing for PBS</a></li></ul></section><section><h2 class="footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E">Connect With Us</h2><ul class="footer_footer_links__Csif2"><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://newsletters.pbs.org/">Newsletters</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://help.pbs.org/support/home">Help & FAQ</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/publiceditor/">Public Editor</a></li><li data-sentry-component="FooterLink" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="FooterLink.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/contact-information/">Contact Us</a></li><li><ul class="SocialLinks_social_links__ueJVJ" data-sentry-component="SocialLinks" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx"><li data-sentry-component="SocialLink" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx"><a class="SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Connect with PBS on Instagram" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx" href="https://www.instagram.com/pbs/"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="22" height="22" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-instagram.fb46245b.svg"/></a></li><li data-sentry-component="SocialLink" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx"><a class="SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Connect with PBS on TikTok" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@pbs?lang=en"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="22" height="22" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-tiktok.5b394f92.svg"/></a></li><li data-sentry-component="SocialLink" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx"><a class="SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Connect with PBS on Facebook" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx" href="https://www.facebook.com/pbs"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="22" height="22" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-facebook.4dbeeab6.svg"/></a></li><li data-sentry-component="SocialLink" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx"><a class="SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Connect with PBS on Twitter" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SocialLinks.tsx" href="https://twitter.com/PBS"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="22" height="22" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-twitter.ed63deb6.svg"/></a></li></ul></li></ul></section></div><ul class="footer_footer_partnerlinks__Z9UG1" data-sentry-component="PartnerLinks" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx"><li><a target="_blank" class="footer_footer_partnerlinks__kids__6V5vV" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx" href="https://pbskids.org/"><img alt="PBS KIDS" data-sentry-element="Image" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx" loading="lazy" width="30" height="30" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-kids-logo.f0f7d8c9.svg"/></a></li><li><a target="_blank" class="footer_footer_partnerlinks__lm__bM9_c" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx" href="https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/"><img alt="PBS Learning Media" data-sentry-element="Image" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx" loading="lazy" width="67" height="23" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/pbs-learning-media-white-blue-fill.01f2d40a.svg"/></a></li><li><a class="footer_footer_partnerlinks__app__LGKOb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="PartnerLinks.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/pbs-app/">Download<br/>the PBS App</a></li></ul><img alt="" data-sentry-element="Image" data-sentry-source-file="Footer.tsx" loading="lazy" width="1506" height="916" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="footer_footer_illustration__HQxWD" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/footer-illustration.65a79e37.svg"/></div><div class="footer_footer_subfooter__lPcR9" data-sentry-component="SubFooter" data-sentry-source-file="Subfooter.tsx"><p>Copyright 漏 2024 Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), all rights reserved. PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.</p><ul class="footer_footer_subfooter_links__xuzz_"><li><a class="footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li><li><a class="footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a></li><li><a class="footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/privacy-policy/#Use_Cookies_Web_Beacons">Marketing Preferences</a></li></ul></div></footer><dialog class="Modal_modal__tv1jq SignInModal_signin_modal__51xZw" data-sentry-component="Modal" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><div class="SignInModal_signin_modal_inner__fjUlK"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-label="PBS" class="SignInModal_pbs_head_logo__Fe6Nf" viewBox="0 0 135 56" data-sentry-element="PBSLogotype" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx"><path fill="#fff" d="M126.155 24.889c-3.072-1.595-5.522-2.878-5.522-5.328 0-1.75 1.478-2.8 4.006-2.8 2.955 0 5.6.972 7.622 2.178V12.6c-2.1-.894-5.017-1.672-7.622-1.672-7.389 0-10.695 4.394-10.695 9.177 0 5.6 3.773 8.284 7.895 10.462 4.083 2.177 5.639 3.11 5.639 5.444 0 1.983-1.711 3.111-4.589 3.111-4.006 0-6.806-1.828-8.672-3.305v6.727c1.711 1.206 5.405 2.645 8.594 2.645 7.156 0 11.706-3.733 11.706-9.761.038-6.3-5.289-8.945-8.362-10.54zM71.478 11.2h-8.867v33.6h6.611V34.106h1.323c8.283 0 13.416-4.395 13.416-11.473.04-7.155-4.627-11.433-12.483-11.433zm-2.256 5.6h1.945c3.889 0 6.378 2.255 6.378 5.717 0 3.772-2.295 5.91-6.34 5.91h-1.983V16.8zm35.895 9.917c2.256-1.556 3.344-3.85 3.344-6.923 0-5.289-3.888-8.594-10.189-8.594H88.006v33.6H98.7c8.206 0 11.939-5.289 11.939-10.189.039-3.85-2.1-6.844-5.522-7.894zm-7.35-9.84c2.606 0 4.278 1.595 4.278 4.123 0 2.528-1.828 4.161-4.628 4.161h-2.8v-8.244h3.15v-.04zM94.617 39.2v-8.79h4.2c3.344 0 5.328 1.633 5.328 4.356 0 2.916-1.984 4.394-5.95 4.394h-3.578v.039zM56 28c0 15.478-12.522 28-28 28S0 43.478 0 28 12.522 0 28 0s28 12.522 28 28z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="m48.416 28.272-3.11.622v5.756c0 1.944-1.595 3.461-3.656 3.461h-1.595V44.8h-5.133v-6.689h1.594c2.061 0 3.656-1.555 3.656-3.461v-5.756l3.111-.622c.661-.155 1.011-.894.7-1.478L35.816 11.2h5.095l8.166 15.594c.35.584 0 1.361-.66 1.478z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="M37.916 26.794 29.75 11.2h-8.44c-7.66 0-14.194 6.261-14 13.961.118 5.717 3.812 9.995 8.945 11.628V44.8h12.6v-6.689h1.595c2.06 0 3.655-1.555 3.655-3.461v-5.756l3.111-.622c.7-.116 1.05-.894.7-1.478zM27.34 25.9a3.203 3.203 0 0 1-3.19-3.189 3.203 3.203 0 0 1 3.19-3.189 3.203 3.203 0 0 1 3.189 3.19 3.203 3.203 0 0 1-3.19 3.188z"></path></svg><a class="SignInModal_email_btn__yO_Cp">Sign in with Email</a><p class="SignInModal_create_account__jx0Dh">New to PBS?聽<a href="/sso/register">Create an account</a></p><p class="SignInModal_or__rzTpQ">or</p><a class="SignInModal_social_btn__M4yYX"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xml:space="preserve" aria-hidden="true" class="SignInModal_google_logo__t5Egl" viewBox="0 0 46 46" data-sentry-element="GoolgeLogo" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx"><path fill="#4285f4" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M45 23.5c0-1.6-.1-3.2-.4-4.7H23v8.9h12.4c-.5 2.9-2.1 5.3-4.6 6.9v5.8h7.4c4.3-4 6.8-9.9 6.8-16.9z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path><path fill="#34a853" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M23 45.9c6.2 0 11.4-2.1 15.2-5.6l-7.4-5.8c-2.1 1.4-4.7 2.2-7.8 2.2-6 0-11-4-12.8-9.5H2.5v5.9C6.3 40.8 14 45.9 23 45.9z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path><path fill="#fbbc05" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.2 27.3c-.5-1.4-.8-2.8-.8-4.3s.3-3 .7-4.4v-5.9H2.4C.9 15.8 0 19.3 0 23s.9 7.2 2.4 10.3l7.8-6z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path><path fill="#ea4335" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M23 9.1c3.4 0 6.4 1.2 8.8 3.4L38.4 6c-4-3.7-9.2-6-15.4-6C14 0 6.3 5.2 2.5 12.7l7.7 5.9C12 13.2 17 9.1 23 9.1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h46v45.9H0V0z"></path></svg>Continue with Google</a><a class="SignInModal_social_btn__M4yYX"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xml:space="preserve" aria-hidden="true" class="SignInModal_facebook_logo___Ubg3" viewBox="0 0 40 40" data-sentry-element="FacebookLogo" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx"><path d="M20 0C9 0 0 9 0 20c0 9.9 7.2 18.1 16.7 19.8l.1-.1V25.6h-5V20h5v-4.4c0-5 3.2-7.8 7.8-7.8 1.4 0 3 .2 4.4.4v5.1h-2.6c-2.4 0-3 1.2-3 2.8V20h5.3l-.9 5.6h-4.4v14.1h-.2l.1.1C32.8 38.1 40 29.9 40 20 40 9 31 0 20 0z"></path></svg>Continue with Facebook</a><a class="SignInModal_social_btn__M4yYX"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" class="SignInModal_apple_logo__NK0ux" viewBox="0 0 29.44 32.52" data-sentry-element="AppleLogo" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx"><path d="M10.62 29h.11c1.76-.08 2.41-1.13 4.53-1.13S18 29 19.8 29s3.07-1.7 4.2-3.4a14.2 14.2 0 0 0 1.93-3.93 6.08 6.08 0 0 1-3.7-5.67 6.3 6.3 0 0 1 3-5.28A6.38 6.38 0 0 0 20.16 8C18 7.78 16 9.28 14.9 9.28S12.13 8 10.33 8.06a6.73 6.73 0 0 0-5.66 3.47 9.57 9.57 0 0 0-1.16 4.79 17.3 17.3 0 0 0 2.89 9.16C7.54 27.13 8.88 29 10.62 29Z" class="apple_svg__cls-2" data-name="path-1"></path><path d="M17.18 6.17A4 4 0 0 1 14 7.68a4.53 4.53 0 0 1 1.12-3.31 4.88 4.88 0 0 1 3.14-1.64 4.82 4.82 0 0 1-1.08 3.44Z" class="apple_svg__cls-2" data-name="path-3"></path></svg>Continue with Apple</a><p class="SignInModal_disclaimer__93C_o">By creating an account, you acknowledge that PBS may share your information with our member stations and our respective service providers, and that you have read and understand the聽<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/policies/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a>聽and聽<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-sentry-element="Link" data-sentry-source-file="SignInModal.tsx" href="https://www.pbs.org/about/policies/terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a>.</p><button class="Modal_btn__close__YK4di" aria-label="Close"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 34 35" data-sentry-element="CloseIcon" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><path d="M19.358 17.782 33.24 3.9a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.588 0L16.77 15.429 3.123 1.547a1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.589 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588l13.883 13.883L.534 31.664a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.589 0L17.005 20.37l13.882 13.883a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.588 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588L19.358 17.782Z"></path></svg></button></div></dialog><dialog class="Modal_modal__tv1jq MyListConfirmRemovalModal_my_list_confirm_removal_modal__oODaR" data-sentry-component="Modal" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><div class="MyListConfirmRemovalModal_my_list_confirm_removal_modal_inner__qdGXv"><p class="MyListConfirmRemovalModal_my_list_confirm_removal_modal_text__rEhSf">Are you sure you want to remove null from My List?</p><div class="MyListConfirmRemovalModal_my_list_confirm_removal_modal_buttons__q5jhl"><button class="Button_white___A2rv" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Remove</button><button class="Button_white_ghost___J9w4" data-sentry-component="Button" data-sentry-source-file="Button.tsx">Cancel</button></div><button class="Modal_btn__close__YK4di" aria-label="Close"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 34 35" data-sentry-element="CloseIcon" data-sentry-source-file="Modal.tsx"><path d="M19.358 17.782 33.24 3.9a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.588 0L16.77 15.429 3.123 1.547a1.846 1.846 0 0 0-2.589 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588l13.883 13.883L.534 31.664a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0 2.588 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.589 0L17.005 20.37l13.882 13.883a1.846 1.846 0 0 0 2.588 0 1.846 1.846 0 0 0 0-2.588L19.358 17.782Z"></path></svg></button></div></dialog><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-f5afeee3cdd992a4.js" async=""></script><script>(self.__next_f=self.__next_f||[]).push([0]);self.__next_f.push([2,null])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1:HL[\"/_next/static/css/f07f2d53b18e99a0.css\",\"style\"]\n2:HL[\"/_next/static/css/19f5109e01ff5d83.css\",\"style\"]\n3:HL[\"/_next/static/css/f3edd3e9c6aaf94a.css\",\"style\"]\n4:HL[\"/_next/static/css/e09d3a9637e1edec.css\",\"style\"]\n5:HL[\"/_next/static/css/303f70158eb162e8.css\",\"style\"]\n6:HL[\"/_next/static/css/bec8e676395ed0d8.css\",\"style\"]\n7:HL[\"/_next/static/css/b002460cdb078bc8.css\",\"style\"]\n8:HL[\"/_next/static/css/e582e4b940784e81.css\",\"style\"]\n9:HL[\"/_next/static/css/7982d2ee6aa0465c.css\",\"style\"]\na:HL[\"/_next/static/css/47639e18c40b9e68.css\",\"style\"]\nb:HL[\"/_next/static/css/8c24aa201da4884d.css\",\"style\"]\nc:HL[\"/_next/static/css/8a3d3c87f013811e.css\",\"style\"]\nd:HL[\"/_next/static/css/4314acc8847d35e3.css\",\"style\"]\ne:HL[\"/_next/static/css/200260e7c77a6d5e.css\",\"style\"]\nf:HL[\"/_next/static/css/1bfe0c1bf1f93d9b.css\",\"style\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"10:I[14360,[],\"\"]\n13:I[69257,[],\"\"]\n15:I[14857,[],\"\"]\n18:I[58349,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"6470\",\"static/chunks/app/global-error-01ae3494515090be.js\"],\"default\"]\n14:[\"slug\",\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"d\"]\n19:[]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"0:[\"$\",\"$L10\",null,{\"buildId\":\"aoY69KFFS38rPpOlZslPh\",\"assetPrefix\":\"\",\"urlParts\":[\"\",\"video\",\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"\"],\"initialTree\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"video\",{\"children\":[[\"slug\",\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"d\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{}]}]}]},\"$undefined\",\"$undefined\",true],\"initialSeedData\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"video\",{\"children\":[[\"slug\",\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"d\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{},[[\"$L11\",\"$L12\",[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/e582e4b940784e81.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"1\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/7982d2ee6aa0465c.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"2\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/47639e18c40b9e68.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"3\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/8c24aa201da4884d.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"4\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/8a3d3c87f013811e.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"5\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/4314acc8847d35e3.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"6\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/200260e7c77a6d5e.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"7\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/1bfe0c1bf1f93d9b.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]],null],null]},[null,[\"$\",\"$L13\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"video\",\"children\",\"$14\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]],null]},[null,[\"$\",\"$L13\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"video\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]],null]},[[[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/f07f2d53b18e99a0.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"1\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/19f5109e01ff5d83.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"2\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/f3edd3e9c6aaf94a.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"3\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/e09d3a9637e1edec.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"4\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/303f70158eb162e8.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"5\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/bec8e676395ed0d8.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"6\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/b002460cdb078bc8.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]],\"$L16\"],null],null],\"couldBeIntercepted\":false,\"initialHead\":[null,\"$L17\"],\"globalErrorComponent\":\"$18\",\"missingSlots\":\"$W19\"}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1a:I[87512,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"\"]\n1b:I[11276,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n1c:I[31635,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"GoogleTagManager\"]\n1d:I[1257,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"s"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"tatic/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n1e:I[95569,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n1f:I[91110,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n21:I[77213,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"\"]\n22:I[92267,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"6578\",\"static/chunks/6578-5a5600236fcbd06b.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"1906\",\"static/chunks/1906-af61f96155113f0b.js\",\"2630\",\"static/chunks/2630-68d418d0fb254aa0.js\",\"4346\",\"static/chunks/4346-6146082fdf3f2871.js\",\"1931\",\"static/chunks/app/page-905d62cadc8a3091.js\"],\"Image\"]\n23:I[63068,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n24:I[11467,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/ch"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"unks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n25:I[89624,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n26:I[74261,[\"2486\",\"static/chunks/d0272cb2-f6a18cdbb2ee84c7.js\",\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"1819\",\"static/chunks/1819-0ca140f3aa6d782e.js\",\"2267\",\"static/chunks/2267-9294b3fd0dfbf9d4.js\",\"3492\",\"static/chunks/3492-4cbbf5c07ffa1a13.js\",\"6986\",\"static/chunks/6986-7beeb9401028a6e6.js\",\"7791\",\"static/chunks/7791-ba3854e77bf7788f.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-6fd5fbe6ad616a65.js\"],\"default\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"16:[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"RootLayout\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"head\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/favicons/favicon.ico\",\"sizes\":\"48x48\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/favicons/favicon.svg\",\"type\":\"image/svg+xml\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/favicons/favicon-180x180.png\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"manifest\",\"href\":\"/manifest.webmanifest\",\"crossOrigin\":\"use-credentials\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1a\",null,{\"id\":\"pbs-platform\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\n window.pbsPlatform = 'pbsorg'\\n window.SVP = {}\\n \"},\"data-sentry-element\":\"Script\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1a\",null,{\"id\":\"internal-nav\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\ndocument.body.addEventListener('click', function clickHandler(e) {\\n if (e.target?.closest('a')) {\\n const href = e.target.closest('a').getAttribute('href');\\n if (href \u0026\u0026 !href.includes('sso/login') \u0026\u0026 href.startsWith('/')) {\\n sessionStorage.setItem('internallyNavigating', 'true');\\n document.body.removeEventListener('click', clickHandler);\\n }\\n }\\n})\"},\"data-sentry-element\":\"Script\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"call_sign\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1c\",null,{\"gtmId\":\"GTM-TWTDGH\",\"dataLayerName\":\"GTMDataLayer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"GoogleTagManager\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1d\",null,{\"data-sentry-element\":\"NetworkRedirect\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1e\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"#maincontent\",\"className\":\"SkipContent_skip_link__kuVZk\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"SkipContent\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SkipContent.tsx\",\"children\":\"Skip to Main Content\"}],[\"$\",\"$L1f\",null,{\"stationData\":\"$undefined\",\"isSVP\":false,\"isUS\":false,\"svpNavLogo\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Navigation\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"main\",null,{\"id\":\"maincontent\",\"tabIndex\":0,\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L13\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$L20\",\"notFoundStyles\":[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/d9d50b0185544364.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]}]}],[\"$\",\"footer\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer__pbsorg__k3vyc\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"Footer\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"Footer.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_inner__b4GIZ\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_linklists__h2RBp\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_section__first__J58hT\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E\",\"children\":\"Our Sites\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_links__Csif2\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/parents/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Parents\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/food/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Food\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/digital-studios/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Digital Studios\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/articles/topic/black-culture-connection/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Black Culture Connection\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.shop.pbskids.org/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"PBS KIDS Shop\"}]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_section__second__h2dvL\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E\",\"children\":\"Learn More\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_links__Csif2\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://foundation.pbs.org/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"PBS Foundation\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/value/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"The Value of PBS\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"About Us\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/blogs/news/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Press Releases\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/careers/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Careers\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/standards/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"PBS Standards\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/support-pbs/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Support PBS\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/producing-pbs/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Producing for PBS\"}]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_section__title__q1c0E\",\"children\":\"Connect With Us\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_links__Csif2\",\"children\":[[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://newsletters.pbs.org/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Newsletters\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://help.pbs.org/support/home\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Help \u0026 FAQ\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/publiceditor/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Public Editor\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"FooterLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/contact-information/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"prefetch\":false,\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FooterLink.tsx\",\"children\":\"Contact Us\"}]}]],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"SocialLinks_social_links__ueJVJ\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"SocialLinks\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"SocialLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.instagram.com/pbs/\",\"className\":\"SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"title\":\"Connect with PBS on Instagram\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-instagram.fb46245b.svg\",\"height\":21,\"width\":21,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":22,\"height\":22}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"SocialLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.tiktok.com/@pbs?lang=en\",\"className\":\"SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"title\":\"Connect with PBS on TikTok\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-tiktok.5b394f92.svg\",\"height\":15,\"width\":13,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":22,\"height\":22}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"SocialLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.facebook.com/pbs\",\"className\":\"SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"title\":\"Connect with PBS on Facebook\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-facebook.4dbeeab6.svg\",\"height\":171,\"width\":80,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":22,\"height\":22}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"data-sentry-component\":\"SocialLink\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://twitter.com/PBS\",\"className\":\"SocialLinks_social_link__Hi_xt SocialLinks_white__1bvAF SocialLinks_scale_on_hover__K6ag_\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"title\":\"Connect with PBS on Twitter\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"SocialLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-twitter.ed63deb6.svg\",\"height\":1227,\"width\":1200,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":22,\"height\":22}]}]}]]}]}]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_partnerlinks__Z9UG1\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"PartnerLinks\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://pbskids.org/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"footer_footer_partnerlinks__kids__6V5vV\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-kids-logo.f0f7d8c9.svg\",\"height\":67,\"width\":68,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"PBS KIDS\",\"width\":30,\"height\":30,\"data-sentry-element\":\"Image\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"footer_footer_partnerlinks__lm__bM9_c\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/pbs-learning-media-white-blue-fill.01f2d40a.svg\",\"height\":60,\"width\":176,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"PBS Learning Media\",\"width\":67,\"height\":23,\"data-sentry-element\":\"Image\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/pbs-app/\",\"className\":\"footer_footer_partnerlinks__app__LGKOb\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"PartnerLinks.tsx\",\"children\":[\"Download\",[\"$\",\"br\",null,{}],\"the PBS App\"]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{\"src\":{\"src\":\"/_next/static/media/footer-illustration.65a79e37.svg\",\"height\":916,\"width\":1506,\"blurWidth\":0,\"blurHeight\":0},\"alt\":\"\",\"className\":\"footer_footer_illustration__HQxWD\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Image\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"Footer.tsx\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_subfooter__lPcR9\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"SubFooter\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"Subfooter.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"children\":[\"Copyright 漏 \",2024,\" Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), all rights reserved. PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\"]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"footer_footer_subfooter_links__xuzz_\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",\"Privacy Policy\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",\"Privacy Policy\",{\"className\":\"footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz\",\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/privacy-policy/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"children\":\"Privacy Policy\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"Terms of Use\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",\"Terms of Use\",{\"className\":\"footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz\",\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/terms-of-use/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"children\":\"Terms of Use\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"Marketing Preferences\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",\"Marketing Preferences\",{\"className\":\"footer_footer_subfooter_link__vMjYz\",\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/about/about-pbs/privacy-policy/#Use_Cookies_Web_Beacons\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"children\":\"Marketing Preferences\"}]}]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"data-sentry-element\":\"SignInModal\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L24\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$L25\",null,{\"stationData\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"NetworkManager\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L26\",null,{\"data-sentry-element\":\"MyListConfirmRemovalModal\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"layout.tsx\"}]]}]]}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"20:[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"NotFound_not_found__yXOTS\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"NotFoundComponent\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"NotFound.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"picture\",null,{\"className\":\"NotFound_not_found_background_image__kkweD\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"picture\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"NotFoundBackgroundImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"NotFound.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"source\",null,{\"media\":\"(min-width: 1440px)\",\"srcSet\":\"/images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-1700@2x.jpg 2x, /images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-1700@1x.jpg 1x\"}],[\"$\",\"source\",null,{\"media\":\"(min-width: 1024px)\",\"srcSet\":\"/images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-1024@2x.jpg 2x, /images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-1024@1x.jpg 1x\"}],[\"$\",\"source\",null,{\"media\":\"(min-width: 768px)\",\"srcSet\":\"/images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-768@2x.jpg 2x, /images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-768@1x.jpg 1x\"}],[\"$\",\"source\",null,{\"media\":\"(min-width: 320px)\",\"srcSet\":\"/images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-320@2x.jpg 2x, /images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-320@1x.jpg 1x\"}],[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"alt\":\"\",\"style\":{\"opacity\":0.6},\"src\":\"/images/not_found/not-found-nature-wild-1024@1x.jpg\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"NotFound_not_found_info_wrapper__IKT59\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"children\":\"That鈥檚 wild, your page could not be found.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"children\":\"Lucky for you, there are lots of PBS shows \u0026 films to explore.\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"NotFound_not_found_info_links__CgBiB\",\"children\":[[[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/explore/science-and-nature/\",\"className\":\"Button_white_ghost___J9w4\",\"target\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"$undefined\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"LinkButton\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LinkButton.tsx\",\"children\":[null,\"Science \u0026 Nature\",null]}],[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/explore/climate/\",\"className\":\"Button_white_ghost___J9w4\",\"target\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"$undefined\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"LinkButton\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LinkButton.tsx\",\"children\":[null,\"Climate, Nature \u0026 Our Planet\",null]}]],[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/video/acl-presents-23rd-annual-americana-honors-6ejb79\",\"className\":\"Button_white_ghost___J9w4\",\"target\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"$undefined\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"LinkButton\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LinkButton.tsx\",\"children\":[null,\"Surprise Me\",[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 21 21\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"stroke\":\"#94A1B2\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\",\"strokeWidth\":2,\"d\":\"M13.4 3h4.17v4.17m-14.17 10L17.57 3m0 10.83V18H13.4m-.83-5 5 5M3.4 3.83 7.57 8\"}]}]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/nature\",\"className\":\"NotFound_not_found_show_logo__Od7RR\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"NotFoundShowLogo\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"NotFound.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/sgZceVW-white-logo-41-ZMqyFVU.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/sgZceVW-white-logo-41-ZMqyFVU.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/sgZceVW-white-logo-41-ZMqyFVU.png?format=webp\u0026resize=400x 2x\",\"alt\":\"Nature\",\"width\":200,\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 10.5 18.6\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"NextIcon\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"NotFound.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M10.3 10.2c.5-.7.2-1.4-.3-2L2.4.4C1-.8-.8.9.4 2.4c.3.4 6.8 6.8 6.8 7 0 .3-6.3 6.6-6.7 7-1.2 1.2.7 3 1.9 1.9a148 148 0 0 0 7.9-8.1z\"}]}]]}]]}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"28:I[16374,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n29:I[13977,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n2a:I[79625,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n2b:I[61890,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n2c:I[60478,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n2d:I[89802,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n5a:I[48005,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n60:I[91915,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/599"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n61:I[70266,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n62:I[1712,[\"2694\",\"static/chunks/2694-2c8d0995875baacf.js\",\"5996\",\"static/chunks/5996-b2533b968e73d9b5.js\",\"1362\",\"static/chunks/1362-fbcb6aae8cf07316.js\",\"1244\",\"static/chunks/1244-19373ee2858da9ab.js\",\"4091\",\"static/chunks/4091-46be317f55ec30ce.js\",\"5734\",\"static/chunks/5734-2d91955fc71e3964.js\",\"4397\",\"static/chunks/4397-3d3cb9872ce07528.js\",\"1830\",\"static/chunks/1830-5319691d79dc9ae7.js\",\"3229\",\"static/chunks/3229-6e9dfcb49dd1f60d.js\",\"4860\",\"static/chunks/4860-f487c10937069cb2.js\",\"5213\",\"static/chunks/app/video/%5Bslug%5D/page-09342f5a9a273906.js\"],\"default\"]\n27:T9e2,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"TVEpisode\",\"@id\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\",\"url\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\",\"partOfTVSeries\":{\"@type\":\"TVSeries\",\"name\":\"Weathered\"},\"name\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"partOfSeason\":{\"@type\":\"TVSeason\",\"seasonNumber\":4},\"contentRating\":\"NR\",\"description\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-12-26\",\"dateCreated\":\"2023-12-26\",\"duration\":\"P642S\",\"episodeNumber\":6,\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\",\"image\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\",\"isAccessibleForFree\":true,\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"WatchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\",\"actionPlatform\":[\"http://schema.org/DesktopWebPlatform\",\"http://schema.org/MobileWebPlatform\"]}}],\"video\":{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"VideoObject\",\"name\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"description\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\",\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https://player.pbs.org/viralplayer/3088266566\",\"uploadDate\":\"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z\",\"duration\":\"P642S\",\"potentialAction\":{\"@type\":\"SeekToAction\",\"target\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/?start=seek_to_second_number\",\"startOffset-input\":\"required name=seek_to_second_number\"}},\"offers\":{\"@type\":\"AggregateOffer\",\"offers\":[{\"@type\":\"Offer\",\"url\":\"https://www.youtube.com/@pbsterra\"},{\"@type\":\"Offer\",\"url\":\"https://www.instagram.com/pbsterra/\"},{\"@type\":\"Offer\",\"url\":\"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg\u0026utm_medium=web\u0026utm_content=\u0026utm_campaign=weathered\"}]}}"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2f:{\"asset-mezzanine-16x9\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\"}\n30:{\"has_captions\":true,\"can_embed_player\":true,\"is_new\":false,\"is_mvod\":false,\"is_expiring_soon\":false,\"is_fully_watched\":null,\"is_playable\":true,\"is_in_watchlist\":null,\"is_playable_explanation\":null}\n32:{\"url\":\"https://urs.pbs.org/redirect/886a1af8c7d440f78b6c1ae6f6ba46cc/\",\"profile\":\"hls-16x9-1080p\"}\n31:[\"$32\"]\n33:[]\n34:[]\n36:{\"url\":\"https://urs.pbs.org/redirect/4558f319f2b14e5eb63e1168f30bd577/\",\"profile\":\"mp4-16x9-720p\"}\n35:[\"$36\"]\n38:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/lWzMgD_caption_en.sami\",\"profile\":\"Caption-SAMI\"}\n39:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/7r3H8n_caption_en.dfxp\",\"profile\":\"DFXP\"}\n3a:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/ywBZhH_caption_en.srt\",\"profile\":\"SRT\"}\n3b:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/38vYXj_caption_en.vtt\",\"profile\":\"WebVTT\"}\n37:[\"$38\",\"$39\",\"$3a\",\"$3b\"]\n3d:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"transcript\",\"language\":\"en\"}\n3c:[\"$3d\"]\n3f:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/lWzMgD_caption_en.sami\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"Caption-SAMI\",\"language\":\"en\"}\n40:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/7r3H8n_caption_en.dfxp\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"DFXP\",\"language\":\"en\"}\n41:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/ywBZhH_caption_en.srt\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"SRT\",\"language\":\"en\"}\n42:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/38vYXj_caption_en.vtt\",\"primary\":true,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\"profile\":\"WebVTT\",\"language\":\"en\"}\n3e:[\"$3f\",\"$40\",\"$41\",\"$42\"]\n43:[]\n44:[]\n45:[]\n47:{\"value\":\"https://www.youtube.com/@pbsterra\",\"profile\":\"producer\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-04-17T17:10:16.840805Z\"}\n48:{\"value\":\"https://www.instagram.com/pbsterra/\",\"profile\":\"instagram\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-04-17T17:10:16.957590Z\"}\n49:{\"value\":\"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg\u0026utm_medium=web\u0026utm_content=\u0026utm_campaign=weathered\",\"profile\":\"learning-media-content\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-10-03T21:38:50.552463Z\"}\n46:[\"$47\",\"$48\",\"$49\"]\n4a:[]\n4c:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-aafd-sprites_trick_play.vtt\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-aafd-sprites_trick_play.vtt\",\"filetype\":\"vtt\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:34.468898Z\"}\n4d:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-zoqb-hd.bif\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-Zoqb-hd.bif\",\"filetype\":\"bif-hd\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:55.961197Z\"}\n4e:{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-cjwi-fhd.bif\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-CjWI-fhd.bif\",\"filetype\":\"bif-fhd\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:55.966249Z\"}\n4b:[\"$4c\",\"$4d\",\"$4e\"]\n50:{\"channel\":\"2.0\",\"language\":\"en\",\"descriptive\":false}\n4f:[\"$50\"]\n52:{\"show-mezzanine16x9\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/Q1qPSp8-show-mezzanine16x9-Dku3d2k.jpg\",\"show-poster2x3\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/I7nglAH-show-poster2x3-SqAxaDo.jpg\",\"white-logo-41\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png\",\"black-logo-41\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/QPO9a66-black-logo-41-UgaZedS.png\",\"background\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/4pVh3nb-background-VkljclY.jpg\"}\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"51:{\"slug\":\"weathered\",\"title\":\"Weathered\",\"season\":4,\"episode\":6,\"seasons_count\":5,\"images\":\"$52\",\"display_episode_number\":true}\n53:{\"title\":\"Digital Studios\",\"slug\":\"digital-studios\",\"logo\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/6yv5vfv-franchise-color-logo-6txyfRn.png\",\"logo_cropped\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/ARWYGYD-color-logo-41-06JpU3U.png\",\"logo_cropped_white\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png\",\"image\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qqn2J30-franchise-poster2x3-fNj1pVR.jpg\"}\n54:{\"cid\":\"09684cc5-9a7e-460f-841f-4d95987a8f53\",\"title\":\"Science and Nature\",\"slug\":\"science-and-nature\",\"item_type\":\"genre\",\"url\":\"https://content.services.pbs.org/v3/pbsorg/collections/science-and-nature/\"}\n55:{\"title\":\"Share:\",\"facebook\":true,\"twitter\":true,\"google\":true,\"email\":true,\"embed\":true}\n56:[]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"57:[\" - Earth's temperature has fluctuated wildly over its life.\",\"Maybe more importantly, during the past 500 million years, it hit peaks of around 17 degrees Celsius hotter than pre-industrial temperatures.\",\"And even when dinosaurs roamed, it was much hotter than today.\",\"So what's the big deal about one or two degrees of warming today?\",\"Well, looking back into our climate record provides some fascinating lessons and a pretty dire warning about our current situation.\",\"But as it turns out, there is not much new about the method of climate change.\",\"- Greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide in particular is sort of the primary driving force over all of earth history.\",\"We are sort of at the precipice right now, and if we do not take dramatic action within the next several years, then we will miss that opportunity to stabilize warming below truly catastrophic levels.\",\"Holes.\",\"- In this episode, I'm going to walk you through our planet's climate history.\",\"Michael Mann just wrote a book on this very topic called Our Fragile Moment.\",\"So we called him up to help us understand our current situation.\",\"But before we start, let's take a look at this chart of the geologic timescale so you can get your bearings.\",\"As you can see, earth was formed around 4.6 billion years ago, but today we're gonna start our discussion.\",\"When Earth was an ice house or snowball earth, if you will, about two and a half billion years ago.\",\"- Up until that point, the atmosphere had been relatively oxygen free.\",\"The earlier earth atmosphere had very large amounts of methane.\",\"That's part of how the planet was as warm as it was despite the fact that the sun was 30% less bright.\",\"There was an innovation, a biological innovation.\",\"Cyanobacteria developed a new pathway for photosynthesis, a pathway that actually released oxygen.\",\"So these bacteria scavenged all the methane, you know, lowering the greenhouse effect, cooling off the planet, forming ice.\",\"The ice reflects sunlight back to space so you get more cooling.\",\"And we got a runaway ice house where Earth got trapped in this frozen state.\",\"Earth was literally a giant snowball.\",\"There was ice all the way down at the equator at sea level covering the oceans.\",\"- Many scientists believe that CO2 from volcanoes and other processes is what finally thawed the planet 300 million years later.\",\"But how did life survive?\",\"Such extreme conditions?\",\"- We think it survived in hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean, and perhaps shallow pools of melt water at the very surface of the frozen tropical oceans.\",\"- Fast forward a couple billion years, the dinosaurs have come and gone and it starts to get very hot.\",\"- So one of the sort of defining episodes in in climate history is the so-called Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, an episode of rapid warming that came about 10 million years after the demise of the dinosaurs.\",\"The asteroid that struck the planet was already fairly warm, and then it warmed even more fairly rapidly.\",\"- Average temperatures rose by as much as five to eight degrees Celsius, reaching as high as 22.8 degrees Celsius, or 73 degrees Fahrenheit.\",\"And again, the reason for this change in temperature is important.\",\"- 90% of it was a rapid release of carbon dioxide in this case because of an unusually active episode of vulcanism in the North Atlantic near modern day Iceland that put a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere over a relatively short period of time.\",\"And short period of time in this case is like 10,000 years, not nearly as short as today, but what that episode tells us is the warming was caused by the carbon dioxide, and that's what's happening today.\",\"The difference is we can stop it.\",\"- Carbon dioxide is like the Earth's thermostat.\",\"Changes in this key greenhouse gas have been associated with almost every major temperature fluctuation In Earth's history.\",\"Methane plays an important but lesser role as well as aerosols from volcanoes and asteroids.\",\"But carbon dioxide is really the driving force here.\",\"Now, let's zoom in on the last 800,000 years.\",\"When we do that, we see this fascinating saw tooth pattern where earth enters ice ages, then the ice retreats and the earth warms.\",\"Amazingly, our hominid ancestors live through these giant saw tooth swings of temperatures in relatively low populations, and looking at a comparison of temperature in CO2, the relationship is striking.\",\"But about 10,000 years ago, something strange happened instead of slowly descending back into an ice age as one would expect we didn't.\",\"So for the last 10,000 years, humans experienced an unprecedented, warm, stable period of climate history.\",\"And I know you might be wondering why.\",\"Well, there isn't a scientific consensus on it, but one theory suggests that it was actually human agriculture and land use that decreased tree cover and increased atmospheric CO2, just enough to keep temperatures constant when they might have dipped back down to ice H levels.\",\"During that time, the population exploded from as few as 1 million to 8 billion people.\",\"- We built our entire infrastructure that now serves the needs of more than 8 billion people.\",\"That infrastructure was built is tied to a climate that existed for thousands of years, but is now changing very rapidly.\",\"And so that's the fragile moment.\",\"We probably leveraged the carrying capacity of the planet by a factor of 10 through our technology.\",\"And if that infrastructure collapses, we lose our ability to maintain the resources necessary for this global population that exists today.\",\"- But we know the Earth's climate has made wild swings before.\",\"So what's different today?\",\"During the time of the dinosaurs, carbon dioxide levels were much higher than today and the world was much warmer.\",\"But then nature buried that carbon in dead plant matter in animals.\",\"And over time that dead animal and plant matter turned into coal, natural gas and oil.\",\"That's why they're called fossil fuels.\",\"And now we're taking all of that dead stuff that accumulated over a period of 100 million years and we're burning it rapidly.\",\"And remember earlier Michael Mann mentioned that the rapid warming of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum happened over a period of 10,000 years.\",\"We are currently burning an exorbitant amount of carbon in just a couple of centuries.\",\"- The rapid warming of the past century is unprecedented.\",\"There's nothing like it in at least 2000 years.\",\"We know we're responsible for that warming spike.\",\"- When Michael Mann and his colleagues first published this, so-called Hockey Stick Graph in 1999, it received a lot of backlash, but dozens of independent studies verified the results.\",\"We are truly warming the climate at an unprecedented rate.\",\"Just for an example, the warming that happened after the last ice age 18 to 12,000 years ago, that was a hundred times slower than the warming we're seeing today.\",\"But perhaps more importantly, there are a lot of us now and everything we've built is dependent upon a stable climate.\",\"- Now, the worst case scenario where we fail to act, we continue to warm the planet by, you know, seven, eight, or nine degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century.\",\"That's where we see massive sea level rise, where we see hundred million or more people displaced by global sea level rise - Based on current energy and emissions projections.\",\"Eight or nine degrees of warming is at the very high range of what's possible.\",\"But I think it's important to look at sea level because it's the primary impact of climate change we're experiencing today that we can actually measure from the past.\",\"And it also shows just how long it takes for the effects of excess heat energy to play out on earth's systems.\",\"The last 2,500 years of sea level mirrored the earth's stable temperature with relatively minor ups and downs.\",\"And if you look at sea level rise over a longer period, you can see that it follows the carbon and temperature graft closely.\",\"But let's zoom in.\",\"At the end of the last ice age, around 20,000 years ago as the earth warmed sea level rose around 130 meters.\",\"But check this out, there's a lag even after warming leveled off, sea level rise continued, and that's important for future projections.\",\"- Consequences are certainly dire, but we can prevent additional warming of the planet and all of the extreme weather events and everything else that goes with that from getting worse.\",\"If we solve this problem, if we attack it at its source, geoengineering carbon capture, no, we just need to stop burning fossil fuels.\",\"- Well, you heard him according to Michael Mann.\",\"It comes down to us humans cause this rapid warming, which means at least in theory, we can stop it.\",\"And that's not something that only Michael Mann believes human cause climate change is pretty much settled science.\",\"But regardless of that fact, and I'm speaking to those who still may be a bit skeptical of all this, those who say that the climate has always changed.\",\"So why should we be concerned now?\",\"Perhaps that is in fact why we should be concerned.\",\"Change is happening.\",\"Change is literally constant.\",\"It happened before human civilization.\",\"It's happening now and it will continue to happen.\",\"But as I digress, this current rate of change is unprecedented and it's almost certainly faster than 8 billion humans can adapt to.\",\"So maybe the question should be this, can humans adopt a nimble mindset on a large scale to halt human caused warming?\",\"And can we adapt to the change that's already baked in to continue to thrive on this planet?\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"58:[]\n59:[]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2e:{\"slug\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"title\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"title_sortable\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"url\":\"https://content.services.pbs.org/v3/pbsorg/screens/video-assets/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\",\"duration\":642,\"description_short\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\",\"video_type\":\"episode\",\"premiere_date\":\"2023-12-26T00:00:00-05:00\",\"encore_date\":\"2023-12-26T00:00:00-05:00\",\"expire_date\":null,\"available_date\":\"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z\",\"seconds_watched\":null,\"images\":\"$2f\",\"description_long\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\",\"flags\":\"$30\",\"hls_videos\":\"$31\",\"hls_drm_videos\":\"$33\",\"dash_drm_videos\":\"$34\",\"mp4_videos\":\"$35\",\"funder_message\":\"\",\"closed_captions\":\"$37\",\"transcripts\":\"$3c\",\"captions_language\":\"$3e\",\"chapters\":\"$43\",\"related_links\":\"$44\",\"related_promos\":\"$45\",\"links\":\"$46\",\"availability\":\"available\",\"content_rating\":\"NR\",\"content_rating_descriptor\":\"$4a\",\"is_excluded_from_dfp\":false,\"item_type\":\"video\",\"trick_play_files\":\"$4b\",\"enhance_html_title_tag\":\"\",\"audio\":\"$4f\",\"parent_type\":\"episode\",\"show\":\"$51\",\"summary\":\"Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s\",\"franchise\":\"$53\",\"ancestor_title\":\"Weathered\",\"ancestor_slug\":\"weathered\",\"ancestor_type\":\"show\",\"genre\":\"$54\",\"image\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\",\"legacy_tp_media_id\":3088266566,\"cid\":\"aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039\",\"share\":\"$55\",\"has_audio_description\":false,\"meta_title\":\"Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6\",\"related_accessibility_videos\":\"$56\",\"related_episode_asset\":null,\"related_is_expired\":false,\"related_content_title\":\"Related to This Episode\",\"test_data\":false,\"transcript\":\"$57\",\"transcript_file\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt\",\"sponsor_logos\":\"$58\",\"local_content_stations\":\"$59\"}\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5c:{\"d\":\"M14.2 9.1h-.7c-.1 0-.2 0-.2.1-.1.1-.1.1-.1.2v3.3c0 .4-.2.8-.5 1.2-.3.3-.7.5-1.2.5H3c-.5 0-.8-.2-1.2-.5-.3-.3-.5-.7-.5-1.2V4.2c0-.4.2-.8.5-1.2.3-.2.7-.4 1.2-.4h7.3c.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1.1-.1.1-.1.1-.2v-.7c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1H3c-.8 0-1.5.3-2.1.9-.6.5-.9 1.2-.9 2v8.5c0 .8.3 1.5.9 2.1.6.6 1.3.9 2.1.9h8.6c.8 0 1.5-.3 2.1-.9.6-.6.9-1.3.9-2.1V9.5c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.2-.1-.2-.2-.3-.2z\"}\n5b:[\"$\",\"path\",null,\"$5c\"]\n5e:{\"d\":\"M18.3.2c-.2-.1-.3-.2-.5-.2h-5.3c-.2 0-.3.1-.5.2-.1.1-.2.3-.2.5s.1.3.2.5L13.8 3 7.2 9.5c-.1.1-.1.2-.1.3 0 .1 0 .2.1.2l1.2 1.2c.1.1.1.1.2.1s.2 0 .2-.1l6.7-6.6 1.8 1.8c.1.1.3.2.5.2s.3-.1.5-.2c.1-.1.2-.3.2-.5V.7c0-.2-.1-.4-.2-.5z\"}\n5d:[\"$\",\"path\",null,\"$5e\"]\n5f:T1b29,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"M119.126 43.484a9.075 9.075 0 0 1 3.774.805v9.127a4.674 4.674 0 0 1-1.213 3.355 5.406 5.406 0 0 1-3.908 1.208 12.292 12.292 0 0 1-3.1-.403V55.43a7.943 7.943 0 0 0 3.1.537 3.174 3.174 0 0 0 2.156-.672 2.168 2.168 0 0 0 .674-1.878v-.135c-.642.263-1.328.4-2.022.403a5.49 5.49 0 0 1-2.56-.537 4.373 4.373 0 0 1-1.752-1.745 6.092 6.092 0 0 1-.674-2.684 4.891 4.891 0 0 1 3.372-5.03 4.932 4.932 0 0 1 2.153-.204zm46.762.134v10.2h-2.291v-10.2h2.291zm-4.986-4.697v14.36a9.89 9.89 0 0 1-4.043.806 5.02 5.02 0 0 1-3.773-1.343 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.809-6.844 4.994 4.994 0 0 1 2.753-2.285 5.02 5.02 0 0 1 3.581.137v-4.831h2.291zM92.31 43.484a3.367 3.367 0 0 1 2.56.94 3.461 3.461 0 0 1 .943 2.684v6.844h-2.29V47.51a2.677 2.677 0 0 0-.405-1.476 1.564 1.564 0 0 0-1.347-.537 4.8 4.8 0 0 0-1.348.269c-.404.268-.674.537-1.078.805v7.247h-2.291v-10.2h1.887l.134.94c.384-.365.844-.64 1.348-.806.62-.145 1.25-.235 1.886-.268zm-7.547.134V45.9a3.75 3.75 0 0 0-1.213-.134 2.514 2.514 0 0 0-2.29 1.342v6.979h-2.292V43.752h1.887l.27 1.343a2.69 2.69 0 0 1 1.078-1.074 2.7 2.7 0 0 1 1.482-.403 1.488 1.488 0 0 1 1.078 0zm-33.285-3.623v11.81h5.12v2.147h-7.546V39.995h2.426zm49.187 3.623v10.2h-2.291v-10.2h2.291zm26.682-3.623 4.851 7.784 4.851-7.784h2.022v13.957h-2.291v-9.529l-4.312 6.711h-.674l-4.313-6.845v9.53h-2.29V39.994h2.156zM72.5 43.485a4.931 4.931 0 0 1 3.234 1.073 4.023 4.023 0 0 1 1.078 2.952v6.174h-1.886l-.27-.94a5.499 5.499 0 0 1-3.234 1.074 3.301 3.301 0 0 1-2.426-.805 3.228 3.228 0 0 1-.943-2.282 2.42 2.42 0 0 1 .295-1.417c.241-.431.608-.78 1.053-.998.974-.58 2.1-.86 3.234-.806a7.705 7.705 0 0 1 1.752.135v-.135a2.85 2.85 0 0 0-.405-1.61c-.27-.403-.943-.537-1.751-.537-.54 0-1.078.134-1.618.134-.557.118-1.1.298-1.617.537v-2.013c1.142-.32 2.319-.5 3.504-.537zm35.981 0a3.366 3.366 0 0 1 2.56.938 3.466 3.466 0 0 1 .943 2.685v6.844h-2.291V47.51a2.673 2.673 0 0 0-.404-1.476 1.565 1.565 0 0 0-1.347-.537 4.81 4.81 0 0 0-1.348.269c-.404.268-.674.537-1.078.805v7.247h-2.156v-10.2h1.886l.135.94c.384-.365.844-.64 1.348-.806a7.906 7.906 0 0 1 1.752-.268zm63.201 0a4.931 4.931 0 0 1 3.234 1.073 4.027 4.027 0 0 1 1.079 2.952v6.174h-1.887l-.27-.94a5.498 5.498 0 0 1-3.234 1.074 3.296 3.296 0 0 1-2.425-.805 3.23 3.23 0 0 1-.944-2.282 2.43 2.43 0 0 1 1.348-2.415 5.77 5.77 0 0 1 3.234-.806 7.707 7.707 0 0 1 1.752.135v-.135a2.857 2.857 0 0 0-.404-1.61c-.27-.403-.944-.537-1.752-.537-.539 0-1.078.134-1.617.134-.558.118-1.1.298-1.617.537v-2.013c1.141-.32 2.318-.5 3.503-.537zm-26.143 0a4.177 4.177 0 0 1 2.426.67c.694.379 1.222 1 1.482 1.745.37.751.555 1.58.539 2.416.022.363-.024.727-.135 1.073h-6.738a2.782 2.782 0 0 0 .963 2.015 2.803 2.803 0 0 0 2.137.67 6.283 6.283 0 0 0 3.099-.806v2.013a4.81 4.81 0 0 1-1.482.537 8.326 8.326 0 0 1-1.887.134 5.194 5.194 0 0 1-2.83-.67 4.25 4.25 0 0 1-1.886-1.88 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.674-2.818 5.354 5.354 0 0 1 2.426-4.563 8.727 8.727 0 0 1 2.56-.537zm-83.011 0a4.176 4.176 0 0 1 2.426.67c.694.379 1.222 1 1.482 1.745.37.751.555 1.58.539 2.416.022.363-.024.727-.135 1.073h-6.738a2.783 2.783 0 0 0 .963 2.015 2.807 2.807 0 0 0 2.137.67 6.287 6.287 0 0 0 3.1-.806v2.013c-.462.26-.963.44-1.483.537a8.321 8.321 0 0 1-1.887.134 5.191 5.191 0 0 1-2.83-.67 4.249 4.249 0 0 1-1.886-1.88 6.22 6.22 0 0 1-.674-2.818 5.991 5.991 0 0 1 .539-2.684 4.678 4.678 0 0 1 1.752-1.88 9.615 9.615 0 0 1 2.695-.536zm109.693 5.77a3.748 3.748 0 0 0-1.752.403 1.348 1.348 0 0 0-.808 1.208 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 .404.94c.294.267.68.412 1.078.402a3.77 3.77 0 0 0 2.426-.806v-1.879a2.218 2.218 0 0 0-1.348-.268zm-99.182 0a3.745 3.745 0 0 0-1.752.403 1.346 1.346 0 0 0-.808 1.208 1.216 1.216 0 0 0 .404.94c.293.267.68.412 1.078.402.875 0 1.726-.283 2.426-.806v-1.879a2.434 2.434 0 0 0-1.348-.268zm83.955-4.026a2.706 2.706 0 0 0-2.157.94 3.738 3.738 0 0 0-.808 2.415 3.26 3.26 0 0 0 .808 2.416 2.475 2.475 0 0 0 2.022.805 6.767 6.767 0 0 0 1.617-.268V45.63a2.176 2.176 0 0 0-1.482-.402zm-38.002.268a2.518 2.518 0 0 0-2.156.94 3.273 3.273 0 0 0-.809 2.416 3.82 3.82 0 0 0 .674 2.281 2.693 2.693 0 0 0 2.021.805 4.314 4.314 0 0 0 1.887-.402V45.63a6.595 6.595 0 0 0-1.617-.134zm-56.464 0a2.595 2.595 0 0 0-1.617.537 2.336 2.336 0 0 0-.809 1.61h4.582a2.786 2.786 0 0 0-.674-1.61 1.497 1.497 0 0 0-1.482-.537zm83.146 0a2.592 2.592 0 0 0-1.617.537 2.343 2.343 0 0 0-.809 1.61h4.582a2.783 2.783 0 0 0-.674-1.61 1.61 1.61 0 0 0-1.482-.537zM21.966 0A22.165 22.165 0 0 1 34.28 3.644a22.031 22.031 0 0 1 8.2 9.85 21.926 21.926 0 0 1 1.312 12.728 21.98 21.98 0 0 1-6.017 11.304 22.127 22.127 0 0 1-11.313 6.062c-4.29.86-8.741.432-12.788-1.23a22.082 22.082 0 0 1-9.94-8.105A21.951 21.951 0 0 1 6.421 6.49 22.132 22.132 0 0 1 21.966 0zm77.486 39.458c.398-.01.784.134 1.078.402a1.435 1.435 0 0 1 .135 1.88l-.135.133c-.294.269-.68.413-1.078.403a1.796 1.796 0 0 1-1.078-.403 1.446 1.446 0 0 1-.405-.939 1.216 1.216 0 0 1 .405-.94 1.62 1.62 0 0 1 1.078-.536zm65.223 0a1.54 1.54 0 0 1 1.078.402 1.435 1.435 0 0 1 .135 1.88l-.135.133a1.54 1.54 0 0 1-1.078.403 1.796 1.796 0 0 1-1.078-.403 1.448 1.448 0 0 1-.405-.939 1.226 1.226 0 0 1 .405-.94 1.34 1.34 0 0 1 1.078-.536zM97.295 8.724a14.24 14.24 0 0 1 5.93 1.342v4.966a13.22 13.22 0 0 0-5.93-1.745c-2.02 0-3.099.805-3.099 2.147 0 1.88 1.887 2.953 4.312 4.16 2.426 1.209 6.604 3.356 6.604 8.188 0 4.831-3.504 7.65-9.164 7.65a13.34 13.34 0 0 1-6.738-2.014v-5.234a10.36 10.36 0 0 0 6.738 2.55c2.29 0 3.639-.94 3.639-2.416 0-1.879-1.213-2.55-4.448-4.294-3.234-1.745-6.198-3.758-6.198-8.187-.135-3.758 2.56-7.113 8.355-7.113zm-41.37.537c6.199 0 9.837 3.355 9.837 8.857 0 5.503-4.043 8.858-10.511 8.858h-1.078v8.321h-5.12V9.261h6.872zm20.887 0c4.986 0 8.086 2.55 8.086 6.71a5.804 5.804 0 0 1-.6 3.057 5.834 5.834 0 0 1-2.095 2.312 6.157 6.157 0 0 1 3.299 2.318 6.116 6.116 0 0 1 1.148 3.855c0 3.758-2.965 7.918-9.433 7.918h-8.49V9.261h8.085zm-44.47 0h-3.908l6.199 12.079c0 .134 0 .134.135.268.134.402-.135.805-.674.94l-2.426.536v4.43a2.674 2.674 0 0 1-.836 1.946 2.696 2.696 0 0 1-1.994.737h-1.213v5.235h3.909v-5.235h1.212a2.706 2.706 0 0 0 1.994-.737 2.685 2.685 0 0 0 .836-1.947v-4.429l2.426-.537c.135 0 .135 0 .27-.134a.727.727 0 0 0 .393-.787.724.724 0 0 0-.124-.287L32.342 9.262zm-8.894 0h-6.603c-1.445-.02-2.88.247-4.22.785a10.907 10.907 0 0 0-3.59 2.347 10.82 10.82 0 0 0-3.24 7.739 9.478 9.478 0 0 0 2.002 5.656 9.543 9.543 0 0 0 5.005 3.336v6.173h9.972v-5.234h1.213a2.706 2.706 0 0 0 1.994-.737 2.685 2.685 0 0 0 .836-1.947V22.95l2.426-.537a1.01 1.01 0 0 0 .673-.94c0-.133 0-.133-.134-.268L23.448 9.261zm53.769 14.897h-3.37v6.845h2.83c3.1 0 4.717-1.208 4.717-3.49 0-2.013-1.617-3.355-4.177-3.355zM55.79 13.689h-1.482v8.993h1.617c3.1 0 4.986-1.745 4.986-4.564a4.627 4.627 0 0 0-1.602-3.314 4.668 4.668 0 0 0-3.519-1.114zm-34.229 2.014c.68 0 1.33.268 1.81.747a2.545 2.545 0 0 1-.83 4.159 2.569 2.569 0 0 1-3.345-1.38 2.543 2.543 0 0 1-.195-.976 2.46 2.46 0 0 1 .725-1.828 2.48 2.48 0 0 1 1.835-.722zm54.847-2.013h-2.56v6.442h2.156a3.316 3.316 0 0 0 2.53-.814 3.29 3.29 0 0 0 1.108-2.408 3.02 3.02 0 0 0-.885-2.338 3.049 3.049 0 0 0-2.349-.882z"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"12:[[\"$\",\"script\",\"schema-tvepisode\",{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$27\"}}],[\"$\",\"$L28\",null,{\"data-sentry-element\":\"PageTransition\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"VideoPage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoPage.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L29\",null,{\"data-sentry-element\":\"ComponentTransition\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoPage.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"video\":{\"slug\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"title\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"title_sortable\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"url\":\"https://content.services.pbs.org/v3/pbsorg/screens/video-assets/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\",\"duration\":642,\"description_short\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\",\"video_type\":\"episode\",\"premiere_date\":\"2023-12-26T00:00:00-05:00\",\"encore_date\":\"2023-12-26T00:00:00-05:00\",\"expire_date\":null,\"available_date\":\"2024-02-05T18:36:54Z\",\"seconds_watched\":null,\"images\":{\"asset-mezzanine-16x9\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\"},\"description_long\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\",\"flags\":{\"has_captions\":true,\"can_embed_player\":true,\"is_new\":false,\"is_mvod\":false,\"is_expiring_soon\":false,\"is_fully_watched\":null,\"is_playable\":true,\"is_in_watchlist\":null,\"is_playable_explanation\":null},\"hls_videos\":[{\"url\":\"https://urs.pbs.org/redirect/886a1af8c7d440f78b6c1ae6f6ba46cc/\",\"profile\":\"hls-16x9-1080p\"}],\"hls_drm_videos\":[],\"dash_drm_videos\":[],\"mp4_videos\":[{\"url\":\"https://urs.pbs.org/redirect/4558f319f2b14e5eb63e1168f30bd577/\",\"profile\":\"mp4-16x9-720p\"}],\"funder_message\":\"\",\"closed_captions\":[{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/lWzMgD_caption_en.sami\",\"profile\":\"Caption-SAMI\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/7r3H8n_caption_en.dfxp\",\"profile\":\"DFXP\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/ywBZhH_caption_en.srt\",\"profile\":\"SRT\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/38vYXj_caption_en.vtt\",\"profile\":\"WebVTT\"}],\"transcripts\":[{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"transcript\",\"language\":\"en\"}],\"captions_language\":[{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/lWzMgD_caption_en.sami\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"Caption-SAMI\",\"language\":\"en\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/7r3H8n_caption_en.dfxp\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"DFXP\",\"language\":\"en\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/ywBZhH_caption_en.srt\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"SRT\",\"language\":\"en\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/38vYXj_caption_en.vtt\",\"primary\":true,\"profile\":\"WebVTT\",\"language\":\"en\"}],\"chapters\":[],\"related_links\":[],\"related_promos\":[],\"links\":[{\"value\":\"https://www.youtube.com/@pbsterra\",\"profile\":\"producer\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-04-17T17:10:16.840805Z\"},{\"value\":\"https://www.instagram.com/pbsterra/\",\"profile\":\"instagram\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-04-17T17:10:16.957590Z\"},{\"value\":\"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg\u0026utm_medium=web\u0026utm_content=\u0026utm_campaign=weathered\",\"profile\":\"learning-media-content\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-10-03T21:38:50.552463Z\"}],\"availability\":\"available\",\"content_rating\":\"NR\",\"content_rating_descriptor\":[],\"is_excluded_from_dfp\":false,\"item_type\":\"video\",\"trick_play_files\":[{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-aafd-sprites_trick_play.vtt\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-aafd-sprites_trick_play.vtt\",\"filetype\":\"vtt\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:34.468898Z\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-zoqb-hd.bif\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-Zoqb-hd.bif\",\"filetype\":\"bif-hd\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:55.961197Z\"},{\"url\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/trick_play/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-cjwi-fhd.bif\",\"filename\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-CjWI-fhd.bif\",\"filetype\":\"bif-fhd\",\"updated_at\":\"2024-02-05T18:44:55.966249Z\"}],\"enhance_html_title_tag\":\"\",\"audio\":[{\"channel\":\"2.0\",\"language\":\"en\",\"descriptive\":false}],\"parent_type\":\"episode\",\"show\":{\"slug\":\"weathered\",\"title\":\"Weathered\",\"season\":4,\"episode\":6,\"seasons_count\":5,\"images\":{\"show-mezzanine16x9\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/Q1qPSp8-show-mezzanine16x9-Dku3d2k.jpg\",\"show-poster2x3\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/I7nglAH-show-poster2x3-SqAxaDo.jpg\",\"white-logo-41\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png\",\"black-logo-41\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/QPO9a66-black-logo-41-UgaZedS.png\",\"background\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/4pVh3nb-background-VkljclY.jpg\"},\"display_episode_number\":true},\"summary\":\"Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s\",\"franchise\":{\"title\":\"Digital Studios\",\"slug\":\"digital-studios\",\"logo\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/6yv5vfv-franchise-color-logo-6txyfRn.png\",\"logo_cropped\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/ARWYGYD-color-logo-41-06JpU3U.png\",\"logo_cropped_white\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png\",\"image\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qqn2J30-franchise-poster2x3-fNj1pVR.jpg\"},\"ancestor_title\":\"Weathered\",\"ancestor_slug\":\"weathered\",\"ancestor_type\":\"show\",\"genre\":{\"cid\":\"09684cc5-9a7e-460f-841f-4d95987a8f53\",\"title\":\"Science and Nature\",\"slug\":\"science-and-nature\",\"item_type\":\"genre\",\"url\":\"https://content.services.pbs.org/v3/pbsorg/collections/science-and-nature/\"},\"image\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg\",\"legacy_tp_media_id\":3088266566,\"cid\":\"aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039\",\"share\":{\"title\":\"Share:\",\"facebook\":true,\"twitter\":true,\"google\":true,\"email\":true,\"embed\":true},\"has_audio_description\":false,\"meta_title\":\"Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6\",\"related_accessibility_videos\":[],\"related_episode_asset\":null,\"related_is_expired\":false,\"related_content_title\":\"Related to This Episode\",\"test_data\":false,\"transcript\":[\" - Earth's temperature has fluctuated wildly over its life.\",\"Maybe more importantly, during the past 500 million years, it hit peaks of around 17 degrees Celsius hotter than pre-industrial temperatures.\",\"And even when dinosaurs roamed, it was much hotter than today.\",\"So what's the big deal about one or two degrees of warming today?\",\"Well, looking back into our climate record provides some fascinating lessons and a pretty dire warning about our current situation.\",\"But as it turns out, there is not much new about the method of climate change.\",\"- Greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide in particular is sort of the primary driving force over all of earth history.\",\"We are sort of at the precipice right now, and if we do not take dramatic action within the next several years, then we will miss that opportunity to stabilize warming below truly catastrophic levels.\",\"Holes.\",\"- In this episode, I'm going to walk you through our planet's climate history.\",\"Michael Mann just wrote a book on this very topic called Our Fragile Moment.\",\"So we called him up to help us understand our current situation.\",\"But before we start, let's take a look at this chart of the geologic timescale so you can get your bearings.\",\"As you can see, earth was formed around 4.6 billion years ago, but today we're gonna start our discussion.\",\"When Earth was an ice house or snowball earth, if you will, about two and a half billion years ago.\",\"- Up until that point, the atmosphere had been relatively oxygen free.\",\"The earlier earth atmosphere had very large amounts of methane.\",\"That's part of how the planet was as warm as it was despite the fact that the sun was 30% less bright.\",\"There was an innovation, a biological innovation.\",\"Cyanobacteria developed a new pathway for photosynthesis, a pathway that actually released oxygen.\",\"So these bacteria scavenged all the methane, you know, lowering the greenhouse effect, cooling off the planet, forming ice.\",\"The ice reflects sunlight back to space so you get more cooling.\",\"And we got a runaway ice house where Earth got trapped in this frozen state.\",\"Earth was literally a giant snowball.\",\"There was ice all the way down at the equator at sea level covering the oceans.\",\"- Many scientists believe that CO2 from volcanoes and other processes is what finally thawed the planet 300 million years later.\",\"But how did life survive?\",\"Such extreme conditions?\",\"- We think it survived in hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean, and perhaps shallow pools of melt water at the very surface of the frozen tropical oceans.\",\"- Fast forward a couple billion years, the dinosaurs have come and gone and it starts to get very hot.\",\"- So one of the sort of defining episodes in in climate history is the so-called Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, an episode of rapid warming that came about 10 million years after the demise of the dinosaurs.\",\"The asteroid that struck the planet was already fairly warm, and then it warmed even more fairly rapidly.\",\"- Average temperatures rose by as much as five to eight degrees Celsius, reaching as high as 22.8 degrees Celsius, or 73 degrees Fahrenheit.\",\"And again, the reason for this change in temperature is important.\",\"- 90% of it was a rapid release of carbon dioxide in this case because of an unusually active episode of vulcanism in the North Atlantic near modern day Iceland that put a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere over a relatively short period of time.\",\"And short period of time in this case is like 10,000 years, not nearly as short as today, but what that episode tells us is the warming was caused by the carbon dioxide, and that's what's happening today.\",\"The difference is we can stop it.\",\"- Carbon dioxide is like the Earth's thermostat.\",\"Changes in this key greenhouse gas have been associated with almost every major temperature fluctuation In Earth's history.\",\"Methane plays an important but lesser role as well as aerosols from volcanoes and asteroids.\",\"But carbon dioxide is really the driving force here.\",\"Now, let's zoom in on the last 800,000 years.\",\"When we do that, we see this fascinating saw tooth pattern where earth enters ice ages, then the ice retreats and the earth warms.\",\"Amazingly, our hominid ancestors live through these giant saw tooth swings of temperatures in relatively low populations, and looking at a comparison of temperature in CO2, the relationship is striking.\",\"But about 10,000 years ago, something strange happened instead of slowly descending back into an ice age as one would expect we didn't.\",\"So for the last 10,000 years, humans experienced an unprecedented, warm, stable period of climate history.\",\"And I know you might be wondering why.\",\"Well, there isn't a scientific consensus on it, but one theory suggests that it was actually human agriculture and land use that decreased tree cover and increased atmospheric CO2, just enough to keep temperatures constant when they might have dipped back down to ice H levels.\",\"During that time, the population exploded from as few as 1 million to 8 billion people.\",\"- We built our entire infrastructure that now serves the needs of more than 8 billion people.\",\"That infrastructure was built is tied to a climate that existed for thousands of years, but is now changing very rapidly.\",\"And so that's the fragile moment.\",\"We probably leveraged the carrying capacity of the planet by a factor of 10 through our technology.\",\"And if that infrastructure collapses, we lose our ability to maintain the resources necessary for this global population that exists today.\",\"- But we know the Earth's climate has made wild swings before.\",\"So what's different today?\",\"During the time of the dinosaurs, carbon dioxide levels were much higher than today and the world was much warmer.\",\"But then nature buried that carbon in dead plant matter in animals.\",\"And over time that dead animal and plant matter turned into coal, natural gas and oil.\",\"That's why they're called fossil fuels.\",\"And now we're taking all of that dead stuff that accumulated over a period of 100 million years and we're burning it rapidly.\",\"And remember earlier Michael Mann mentioned that the rapid warming of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum happened over a period of 10,000 years.\",\"We are currently burning an exorbitant amount of carbon in just a couple of centuries.\",\"- The rapid warming of the past century is unprecedented.\",\"There's nothing like it in at least 2000 years.\",\"We know we're responsible for that warming spike.\",\"- When Michael Mann and his colleagues first published this, so-called Hockey Stick Graph in 1999, it received a lot of backlash, but dozens of independent studies verified the results.\",\"We are truly warming the climate at an unprecedented rate.\",\"Just for an example, the warming that happened after the last ice age 18 to 12,000 years ago, that was a hundred times slower than the warming we're seeing today.\",\"But perhaps more importantly, there are a lot of us now and everything we've built is dependent upon a stable climate.\",\"- Now, the worst case scenario where we fail to act, we continue to warm the planet by, you know, seven, eight, or nine degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century.\",\"That's where we see massive sea level rise, where we see hundred million or more people displaced by global sea level rise - Based on current energy and emissions projections.\",\"Eight or nine degrees of warming is at the very high range of what's possible.\",\"But I think it's important to look at sea level because it's the primary impact of climate change we're experiencing today that we can actually measure from the past.\",\"And it also shows just how long it takes for the effects of excess heat energy to play out on earth's systems.\",\"The last 2,500 years of sea level mirrored the earth's stable temperature with relatively minor ups and downs.\",\"And if you look at sea level rise over a longer period, you can see that it follows the carbon and temperature graft closely.\",\"But let's zoom in.\",\"At the end of the last ice age, around 20,000 years ago as the earth warmed sea level rose around 130 meters.\",\"But check this out, there's a lag even after warming leveled off, sea level rise continued, and that's important for future projections.\",\"- Consequences are certainly dire, but we can prevent additional warming of the planet and all of the extreme weather events and everything else that goes with that from getting worse.\",\"If we solve this problem, if we attack it at its source, geoengineering carbon capture, no, we just need to stop burning fossil fuels.\",\"- Well, you heard him according to Michael Mann.\",\"It comes down to us humans cause this rapid warming, which means at least in theory, we can stop it.\",\"And that's not something that only Michael Mann believes human cause climate change is pretty much settled science.\",\"But regardless of that fact, and I'm speaking to those who still may be a bit skeptical of all this, those who say that the climate has always changed.\",\"So why should we be concerned now?\",\"Perhaps that is in fact why we should be concerned.\",\"Change is happening.\",\"Change is literally constant.\",\"It happened before human civilization.\",\"It's happening now and it will continue to happen.\",\"But as I digress, this current rate of change is unprecedented and it's almost certainly faster than 8 billion humans can adapt to.\",\"So maybe the question should be this, can humans adopt a nimble mindset on a large scale to halt human caused warming?\",\"And can we adapt to the change that's already baked in to continue to thrive on this planet?\"],\"transcript_file\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt\",\"sponsor_logos\":[],\"local_content_stations\":[]},\"playerConfig\":{\"embedType\":\"portalplayer\"},\"showOverlay\":true,\"data-sentry-element\":\"VideoPlayer\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoPage.tsx\"}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_about_this_video__wyt5m AboutThisVideo_above_tabs__dDA6F\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"AboutThisVideo\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AboutThisVideo.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/weathered/\",\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_ancestor_link__5BZ4X\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AboutThisVideo.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=400x 2x\",\"alt\":\"Weathered\",\"width\":200,\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_ancestor_logo__3hTHD\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}],[\"$\",\"h1\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_video_title__xCysd\",\"children\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_video_summary__58lxH\",\"children\":[false,\"Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s\",[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"visuallyhidden\",\"children\":[\"Video has \",\"Closed Captions\"]}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"className\":\"AccessibilityIcons_accessibility_icons_icons__WLoMC\",\"children\":[\" | \",[[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"AccessibilityIcons_icon__mr09m\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"Icon\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AccessibilityIcons.tsx\",\"children\":[\"CC\",\"$undefined\"]}]]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_description_short__61u9A\",\"children\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_description_long__PmChH\",\"children\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AiringExpiringRating_aired_expired_rating__kMZf8 AboutThisVideo_video_airing_expiring_rating_info__PLESg\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"AiringExpiringRating\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AiringExpiringRating.tsx\",\"children\":\"Aired 12/26/2023 | Rating NR\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"FromFranchise_from_franchise__rF6fA AboutThisVideo_video_franchise__CbV_S\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"FromFranchise\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FromFranchise.tsx\",\"children\":[\"From\",[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/franchise/digital-studios/\",\"className\":\"FromFranchise_from_franchise__link__nLxkb\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FromFranchise.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=120x\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=120x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=240x 2x\",\"alt\":\"Digital Studios\",\"width\":120,\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L2b\",null,{\"video\":{\"slug\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"cid\":\"aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039\"},\"style\":\"iconOnly\"}]]}],null,[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"tabs\":[{\"title\":\"About This Episode\",\"content\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab_container__nCOr_\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"AboutThisVideoTab\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AboutThisVideoTab.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab__5KPwk\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_about_this_video__wyt5m AboutThisVideo_in_tab__00Axg\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"AboutThisVideo\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AboutThisVideo.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/weathered/\",\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_ancestor_link__5BZ4X\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AboutThisVideo.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=200x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/qjIuPcA-white-logo-41-gCt1REK.png?format=webp\u0026resize=400x 2x\",\"alt\":\"Weathered\",\"width\":200,\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_ancestor_logo__3hTHD\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}],[\"$\",\"h1\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_video_title__xCysd\",\"children\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_video_summary__58lxH\",\"children\":[false,\"Season 4 Episode 6 | 10m 42s\",[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"visuallyhidden\",\"children\":[\"Video has \",\"Closed Captions\"]}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"className\":\"AccessibilityIcons_accessibility_icons_icons__WLoMC\",\"children\":[\" | \",[[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"AccessibilityIcons_icon__mr09m\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"Icon\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AccessibilityIcons.tsx\",\"children\":[\"CC\",\"$undefined\"]}]]]}]]}]]}],false,[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideo_description_long__PmChH\",\"children\":\"If you take a look at global temperature graphs that span millions or billions of years, you can see that our planet鈥檚 temperature has made wild swings. In fact, the Earth used to be completely covered in snow and ice! So, what鈥檚 the big deal about a few degrees of warming today?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"AiringExpiringRating_aired_expired_rating__kMZf8 AboutThisVideo_video_airing_expiring_rating_info__PLESg\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"AiringExpiringRating\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"AiringExpiringRating.tsx\",\"children\":\"Aired 12/26/2023 | Rating NR\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"FromFranchise_from_franchise__rF6fA AboutThisVideo_video_franchise__CbV_S\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"FromFranchise\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FromFranchise.tsx\",\"children\":[\"From\",[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/franchise/digital-studios/\",\"className\":\"FromFranchise_from_franchise__link__nLxkb\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"FromFranchise.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=120x\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=120x 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/2UOR4lj-white-logo-41-W46DdUg.png?format=webp\u0026resize=240x 2x\",\"alt\":\"Digital Studios\",\"width\":120,\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]]}],false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__qJwS_ AboutThisVideoTab_content_metadata__GMXbd\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"VideoContentMetadata\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoContentMetadata.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__genre__lIRzG\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU\",\"children\":\"Genre\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__genre_badges__INsES\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",\"Science and Nature\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"className\":\"Badge_genre___xMWW\",\"href\":\"/shows/?search=\u0026genre=science-and-nature\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"GenreBadge\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"GenreBadge.tsx\",\"children\":\"Science and Nature\"}]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__rating__83PDa\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU\",\"children\":\"Maturity Rating\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"Badge_yellow__Ew4BW Badge_rating__dqfZC\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"Badge\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"Badge.tsx\",\"children\":\"NR\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__N0PEL\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__sub_title__lefBU\",\"children\":\"Share This Video\"}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__links__J7nSO\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2d\",null,{\"video\":\"$2e\",\"className\":\"ContentMetadata_content_metadata__share_this_video__links__embed_button__0cxyp\"}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L5a\",null,{\"text\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"CopyButton\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoContentMetadata.tsx\"}]}]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"HowToWatch_how_to_watch__Gcdsz AboutThisVideoTab_how_to_watch__SpaHA\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"HowToWatch\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"HowToWatch.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"HowToWatch_how_to_watch__title__YT9oM\",\"children\":[\"How to Watch \",\"Weathered\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"HowToWatch_how_to_watch__text__T1_U6\",\"children\":[\"Weathered\",\" is available to stream on pbs.org and the free PBS App, available on iPhone, Apple TV, Android TV, Android smartphones, Amazon Fire TV, Amazon Fire Tablet, Roku, Samsung Smart TV, and Vizio.\"]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"HowToWatch_how_to_watch__links__P1Si_\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/weathered/\",\"children\":\"Stream Here on PBS.org\"}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/pbs-app/\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"HowToWatch.tsx\",\"children\":[\"Download the PBS App \",[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"className\":\"external-link_svg__external-link\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 18.5 15.6\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"ExternalLinkIcon\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"HowToWatch.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M14.2 9.1h-.7c-.1 0-.2 0-.2.1-.1.1-.1.1-.1.2v3.3c0 .4-.2.8-.5 1.2-.3.3-.7.5-1.2.5H3c-.5 0-.8-.2-1.2-.5-.3-.3-.5-.7-.5-1.2V4.2c0-.4.2-.8.5-1.2.3-.2.7-.4 1.2-.4h7.3c.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1.1-.1.1-.1.1-.2v-.7c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1H3c-.8 0-1.5.3-2.1.9-.6.5-.9 1.2-.9 2v8.5c0 .8.3 1.5.9 2.1.6.6 1.3.9 2.1.9h8.6c.8 0 1.5-.3 2.1-.9.6-.6.9-1.3.9-2.1V9.5c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.2-.1-.2-.2-.3-.2z\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M18.3.2c-.2-.1-.3-.2-.5-.2h-5.3c-.2 0-.3.1-.5.2-.1.1-.2.3-.2.5s.1.3.2.5L13.8 3 7.2 9.5c-.1.1-.1.2-.1.3 0 .1 0 .2.1.2l1.2 1.2c.1.1.1.1.2.1s.2 0 .2-.1l6.7-6.6 1.8 1.8c.1.1.3.2.5.2s.3-.1.5-.2c.1-.1.2-.3.2-.5V.7c0-.2-.1-.4-.2-.5z\"}]]}]]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/cgi-registry/whatson/index.cgir\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"HowToWatch.tsx\",\"children\":[\"Check Your Local Listings for Broadcast Schedules \",[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"className\":\"external-link_svg__external-link\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 18.5 15.6\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"ExternalLinkIcon\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"HowToWatch.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$5b\",\"$5d\"]}]]}]}]]}],\"$undefined\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"AboutThisVideoTab_about_this_video_tab_lower_content__0MdFQ\",\"children\":[null,[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__gf7OI\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"LearningMediaBadge\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LearningMediaBadge.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"aria-label\":\"PBS Learning Media\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 176 60\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"PBSLearningMediaWhiteBlueFill\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LearningMediaBadge.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"fill\":\"#2638C4\",\"d\":\"M21.5 42C32.822 42 42 32.822 42 21.5S32.822 1 21.5 1 1 10.178 1 21.5 10.178 42 21.5 42z\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"fill\":\"#fff\",\"d\":\"$5f\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__copy_long__27yWk\",\"children\":\"Find curriculum-aligned teaching resources for Weathered\"}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__copy_short__pG46Y\",\"children\":\"Teaching resources for Weathered\"}],[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/collection/weathered/?utm_source=dotorg\u0026utm_medium=web\u0026utm_content=\u0026utm_campaign=weathered\",\"className\":\"Button_white_ghost___J9w4 LearningMediaBadge_learning_media_badge__button__iD3ca\",\"target\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"Weathered\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"LinkButton\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"LinkButton.tsx\",\"children\":[null,\"Explore Free Resources\",null]}]]}],false]}]]}]},{\"title\":\"More Episodes\",\"content\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"MoreEpisodesTab_more_episodes_tab__BSYrN\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"MoreEpisodesTab\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"MoreEpisodesTab.tsx\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L60\",null,{\"showSlug\":\"weathered\",\"show\":\"$51\",\"seasons\":[{\"cid\":\"all-seasons\",\"ordinal\":0},{\"cid\":\"a1844d86-3347-47c5-95bc-6b66314d4465\",\"ordinal\":5},{\"cid\":\"16b31832-5759-4628-9f82-0f5ef7d936cf\",\"ordinal\":4},{\"cid\":\"96f63e37-1b4b-487c-8593-ed0607335de6\",\"ordinal\":3},{\"cid\":\"e92dc56e-52fc-4ea4-8c0f-67b06403a886\",\"ordinal\":2},{\"cid\":\"58d9b2aa-8e2e-4fec-9d70-bbd31608709f\",\"ordinal\":1}],\"defaultSeason\":\"16b31832-5759-4628-9f82-0f5ef7d936cf\",\"videoSlug\":\"earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd\",\"videos\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"SeasonNavigator\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"MoreEpisodesTab.tsx\"}],[\"$\",\"$L61\",null,{\"adUnit\":\"show_science-and-nature_weathered\",\"size\":[300,250],\"id\":\"medium-rectangle-half-page\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"SponsorshipUnit\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"MoreEpisodesTab.tsx\"}]]}]},{\"title\":\"Transcript\",\"content\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"Transcript_transcript__PWLZ_\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"https://ga.pbs-video.pbs.org/captions/weathered/aafd4df8-039d-44bd-b58b-c111e7c03039/captions/9PQxOx_caption_en.txt\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"Transcript_transcript_over_link__yumpN\",\"children\":[\"Open in new tab\",[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\",\"className\":\"external-link_svg__external-link\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 18.5 15.6\",\"children\":[\"$5b\",\"$5d\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"Transcript_transcript_text__VV7li\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"p\",\"0\",{\"children\":\" - Earth's temperature has fluctuated wildly over its life.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"1\",{\"children\":\"Maybe more importantly, during the past 500 million years, it hit peaks of around 17 degrees Celsius hotter than pre-industrial temperatures.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"2\",{\"children\":\"And even when dinosaurs roamed, it was much hotter than today.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"3\",{\"children\":\"So what's the big deal about one or two degrees of warming today?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"4\",{\"children\":\"Well, looking back into our climate record provides some fascinating lessons and a pretty dire warning about our current situation.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"5\",{\"children\":\"But as it turns out, there is not much new about the method of climate change.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"6\",{\"children\":\"- Greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide in particular is sort of the primary driving force over all of earth history.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"7\",{\"children\":\"We are sort of at the precipice right now, and if we do not take dramatic action within the next several years, then we will miss that opportunity to stabilize warming below truly catastrophic levels.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"8\",{\"children\":\"Holes.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"9\",{\"children\":\"- In this episode, I'm going to walk you through our planet's climate history.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"10\",{\"children\":\"Michael Mann just wrote a book on this very topic called Our Fragile Moment.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"11\",{\"children\":\"So we called him up to help us understand our current situation.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"12\",{\"children\":\"But before we start, let's take a look at this chart of the geologic timescale so you can get your bearings.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"13\",{\"children\":\"As you can see, earth was formed around 4.6 billion years ago, but today we're gonna start our discussion.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"14\",{\"children\":\"When Earth was an ice house or snowball earth, if you will, about two and a half billion years ago.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"15\",{\"children\":\"- Up until that point, the atmosphere had been relatively oxygen free.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"16\",{\"children\":\"The earlier earth atmosphere had very large amounts of methane.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"17\",{\"children\":\"That's part of how the planet was as warm as it was despite the fact that the sun was 30% less bright.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"18\",{\"children\":\"There was an innovation, a biological innovation.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"19\",{\"children\":\"Cyanobacteria developed a new pathway for photosynthesis, a pathway that actually released oxygen.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"20\",{\"children\":\"So these bacteria scavenged all the methane, you know, lowering the greenhouse effect, cooling off the planet, forming ice.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"21\",{\"children\":\"The ice reflects sunlight back to space so you get more cooling.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"22\",{\"children\":\"And we got a runaway ice house where Earth got trapped in this frozen state.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"23\",{\"children\":\"Earth was literally a giant snowball.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"24\",{\"children\":\"There was ice all the way down at the equator at sea level covering the oceans.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"25\",{\"children\":\"- Many scientists believe that CO2 from volcanoes and other processes is what finally thawed the planet 300 million years later.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"26\",{\"children\":\"But how did life survive?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"27\",{\"children\":\"Such extreme conditions?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"28\",{\"children\":\"- We think it survived in hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean, and perhaps shallow pools of melt water at the very surface of the frozen tropical oceans.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"29\",{\"children\":\"- Fast forward a couple billion years, the dinosaurs have come and gone and it starts to get very hot.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"30\",{\"children\":\"- So one of the sort of defining episodes in in climate history is the so-called Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, an episode of rapid warming that came about 10 million years after the demise of the dinosaurs.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"31\",{\"children\":\"The asteroid that struck the planet was already fairly warm, and then it warmed even more fairly rapidly.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"32\",{\"children\":\"- Average temperatures rose by as much as five to eight degrees Celsius, reaching as high as 22.8 degrees Celsius, or 73 degrees Fahrenheit.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"33\",{\"children\":\"And again, the reason for this change in temperature is important.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"34\",{\"children\":\"- 90% of it was a rapid release of carbon dioxide in this case because of an unusually active episode of vulcanism in the North Atlantic near modern day Iceland that put a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere over a relatively short period of time.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"35\",{\"children\":\"And short period of time in this case is like 10,000 years, not nearly as short as today, but what that episode tells us is the warming was caused by the carbon dioxide, and that's what's happening today.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"36\",{\"children\":\"The difference is we can stop it.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"37\",{\"children\":\"- Carbon dioxide is like the Earth's thermostat.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"38\",{\"children\":\"Changes in this key greenhouse gas have been associated with almost every major temperature fluctuation In Earth's history.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"39\",{\"children\":\"Methane plays an important but lesser role as well as aerosols from volcanoes and asteroids.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"40\",{\"children\":\"But carbon dioxide is really the driving force here.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"41\",{\"children\":\"Now, let's zoom in on the last 800,000 years.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"42\",{\"children\":\"When we do that, we see this fascinating saw tooth pattern where earth enters ice ages, then the ice retreats and the earth warms.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"43\",{\"children\":\"Amazingly, our hominid ancestors live through these giant saw tooth swings of temperatures in relatively low populations, and looking at a comparison of temperature in CO2, the relationship is striking.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"44\",{\"children\":\"But about 10,000 years ago, something strange happened instead of slowly descending back into an ice age as one would expect we didn't.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"45\",{\"children\":\"So for the last 10,000 years, humans experienced an unprecedented, warm, stable period of climate history.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"46\",{\"children\":\"And I know you might be wondering why.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"47\",{\"children\":\"Well, there isn't a scientific consensus on it, but one theory suggests that it was actually human agriculture and land use that decreased tree cover and increased atmospheric CO2, just enough to keep temperatures constant when they might have dipped back down to ice H levels.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"48\",{\"children\":\"During that time, the population exploded from as few as 1 million to 8 billion people.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"49\",{\"children\":\"- We built our entire infrastructure that now serves the needs of more than 8 billion people.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"50\",{\"children\":\"That infrastructure was built is tied to a climate that existed for thousands of years, but is now changing very rapidly.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"51\",{\"children\":\"And so that's the fragile moment.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"52\",{\"children\":\"We probably leveraged the carrying capacity of the planet by a factor of 10 through our technology.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"53\",{\"children\":\"And if that infrastructure collapses, we lose our ability to maintain the resources necessary for this global population that exists today.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"54\",{\"children\":\"- But we know the Earth's climate has made wild swings before.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"55\",{\"children\":\"So what's different today?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"56\",{\"children\":\"During the time of the dinosaurs, carbon dioxide levels were much higher than today and the world was much warmer.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"57\",{\"children\":\"But then nature buried that carbon in dead plant matter in animals.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"58\",{\"children\":\"And over time that dead animal and plant matter turned into coal, natural gas and oil.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"59\",{\"children\":\"That's why they're called fossil fuels.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"60\",{\"children\":\"And now we're taking all of that dead stuff that accumulated over a period of 100 million years and we're burning it rapidly.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"61\",{\"children\":\"And remember earlier Michael Mann mentioned that the rapid warming of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum happened over a period of 10,000 years.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"62\",{\"children\":\"We are currently burning an exorbitant amount of carbon in just a couple of centuries.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"63\",{\"children\":\"- The rapid warming of the past century is unprecedented.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"64\",{\"children\":\"There's nothing like it in at least 2000 years.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"65\",{\"children\":\"We know we're responsible for that warming spike.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"66\",{\"children\":\"- When Michael Mann and his colleagues first published this, so-called Hockey Stick Graph in 1999, it received a lot of backlash, but dozens of independent studies verified the results.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"67\",{\"children\":\"We are truly warming the climate at an unprecedented rate.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"68\",{\"children\":\"Just for an example, the warming that happened after the last ice age 18 to 12,000 years ago, that was a hundred times slower than the warming we're seeing today.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"69\",{\"children\":\"But perhaps more importantly, there are a lot of us now and everything we've built is dependent upon a stable climate.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"70\",{\"children\":\"- Now, the worst case scenario where we fail to act, we continue to warm the planet by, you know, seven, eight, or nine degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"71\",{\"children\":\"That's where we see massive sea level rise, where we see hundred million or more people displaced by global sea level rise - Based on current energy and emissions projections.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"72\",{\"children\":\"Eight or nine degrees of warming is at the very high range of what's possible.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"73\",{\"children\":\"But I think it's important to look at sea level because it's the primary impact of climate change we're experiencing today that we can actually measure from the past.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"74\",{\"children\":\"And it also shows just how long it takes for the effects of excess heat energy to play out on earth's systems.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"75\",{\"children\":\"The last 2,500 years of sea level mirrored the earth's stable temperature with relatively minor ups and downs.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"76\",{\"children\":\"And if you look at sea level rise over a longer period, you can see that it follows the carbon and temperature graft closely.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"77\",{\"children\":\"But let's zoom in.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"78\",{\"children\":\"At the end of the last ice age, around 20,000 years ago as the earth warmed sea level rose around 130 meters.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"79\",{\"children\":\"But check this out, there's a lag even after warming leveled off, sea level rise continued, and that's important for future projections.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"80\",{\"children\":\"- Consequences are certainly dire, but we can prevent additional warming of the planet and all of the extreme weather events and everything else that goes with that from getting worse.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"81\",{\"children\":\"If we solve this problem, if we attack it at its source, geoengineering carbon capture, no, we just need to stop burning fossil fuels.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"82\",{\"children\":\"- Well, you heard him according to Michael Mann.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"83\",{\"children\":\"It comes down to us humans cause this rapid warming, which means at least in theory, we can stop it.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"84\",{\"children\":\"And that's not something that only Michael Mann believes human cause climate change is pretty much settled science.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"85\",{\"children\":\"But regardless of that fact, and I'm speaking to those who still may be a bit skeptical of all this, those who say that the climate has always changed.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"86\",{\"children\":\"So why should we be concerned now?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"87\",{\"children\":\"Perhaps that is in fact why we should be concerned.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"88\",{\"children\":\"Change is happening.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"89\",{\"children\":\"Change is literally constant.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"90\",{\"children\":\"It happened before human civilization.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"91\",{\"children\":\"It's happening now and it will continue to happen.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"92\",{\"children\":\"But as I digress, this current rate of change is unprecedented and it's almost certainly faster than 8 billion humans can adapt to.\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"93\",{\"children\":\"So maybe the question should be this, can humans adopt a nimble mindset on a large scale to halt human caused warming?\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",\"94\",{\"children\":\"And can we adapt to the change that's already baked in to continue to thrive on this planet?\"}]]}]]}]},{\"title\":\"You Might Also Like\",\"content\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowGrid\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowGrid.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"ShowGrid_show_grid__MflrY\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",\"digital-studios\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/digital-studios/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__fallback__nTlXg\",\"children\":\"Digital Studios\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"fascinating-fails\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/fascinating-fails/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/StLdB35-show-poster2x3-j2JSBNL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Fascinating Fails\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"sovereign-innovations\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/sovereign-innovations/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/uk24oCm-show-poster2x3-2A0Gp3Q.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Sovereign Innovations\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"in-the-margins\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/in-the-margins/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/RsTDSyo-show-poster2x3-GNRapvb.png?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"In the Margins\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"eons\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/eons/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SZFXMsf-show-poster2x3-KUUXYdL.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Eons\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"citizen-better\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/citizen-better/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/SdqlszS-show-poster2x3-VIUiIEm.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Citizen Better\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"roots-of-resistance\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/roots-of-resistance/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/bLM1Dno-show-poster2x3-7pFqepd.jpeg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Roots of Resistance\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"its-okay-be-smart\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/its-okay-be-smart/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/T99GAEo-show-poster2x3-nZDG2Hf.png?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Be Smart\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"overview\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/overview/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/a3GUwuf-show-poster2x3-uxi2WhV.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Overview\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"pbs-space-time\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/pbs-space-time/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/t3ED5sQ-show-poster2x3-xGu5VF8.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"PBS Space Time\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"outside-the-lyrics\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/outside-the-lyrics/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/N9BnmAl-show-poster2x3-T9u9Yxb.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Outside the Lyrics\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}],[\"$\",\"li\",\"hungry-planet\",{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"href\":\"/show/hungry-planet/\",\"className\":\"ShowPoster_show_poster__link__gzPSH ShowPoster_show_poster__with_image__RhodZ\",\"data-gtm-label\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"Link\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ShowPoster\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ShowPoster.tsx\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"src\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340\",\"srcSet\":\"https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=227x340 1x, https://image.pbs.org/contentchannels/X9l3KuE-show-poster2x3-65bPKsw.jpg?format=webp\u0026crop=454x680 2x\",\"alt\":\"Hungry Planet\",\"width\":227,\"height\":340,\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"aria-hidden\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-component\":\"ITSImage\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"ITSImage.tsx\"}]}]}]]}],\"$undefined\"]}]}],\"defaultActiveTab\":1,\"data-sentry-element\":\"TabContainer\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"VideoPage.tsx\"}],null]}],[\"$\",\"$L62\",null,{\"isSVP\":false,\"analyticsTitle\":\"Video Player Page\",\"showTitle\":\"Weathered\",\"videoTitle\":\"Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss?\",\"videoType\":\"episode\",\"videoTPMediaId\":3088266566,\"stationData\":\"$undefined\",\"data-sentry-element\":\"GTMPageView\",\"data-sentry-source-file\":\"page.tsx\"}]]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"17:[[\"$\",\"meta\",\"0\",{\"name\":\"viewport\",\"content\":\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"1\",{\"charSet\":\"utf-8\"}],[\"$\",\"title\",\"2\",{\"children\":\"Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6 | PBS\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"3\",{\"name\":\"description\",\"content\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"4\",{\"rel\":\"canonical\",\"href\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"5\",{\"property\":\"og:title\",\"content\":\"Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"6\",{\"property\":\"og:description\",\"content\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"7\",{\"property\":\"og:url\",\"content\":\"https://www.pbs.org/video/earths-climate-has-always-changed-why-all-the-fuss-1yenrd/\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"8\",{\"property\":\"og:image\",\"content\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?focalcrop=1200x630x50x10\u0026format=auto\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"9\",{\"property\":\"og:image:width\",\"content\":\"1200\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"10\",{\"property\":\"og:image:height\",\"content\":\"630\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"11\",{\"property\":\"og:type\",\"content\":\"video.tv_show\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"12\",{\"name\":\"twitter:card\",\"content\":\"summary_large_image\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"13\",{\"name\":\"twitter:title\",\"content\":\"Weathered | Earth鈥檚 Climate Has Always Changed. Why All the Fuss? | Season 4 | Episode 6\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"14\",{\"name\":\"twitter:description\",\"content\":\"Earth's climate has varied widely over its history so why do a few degrees concern us now?\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"15\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image\",\"content\":\"https://image.pbs.org/video-assets/8xrf995-asset-mezzanine-16x9-gOl5Oze.jpg?focalcrop=1200x630x50x10\u0026format=auto\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"16\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:width\",\"content\":\"1200\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"17\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:height\",\"content\":\"630\"}]]\n11:null\n"])</script></body></html>