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<div class="container in-column ph--40 pv--40 gap--40"> <h1 class="text-center">In-depth <span>feature stories</span> reveal context and insight</h1> </div> <div class="in-column gap--20"> <div id="series-slider"> <div class="article--container slider slider-featured"> <div class="article--container"> <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/five-years-and-no-justice-as-trial-over-indigenous-forest-guardians-killing-faces-delays/" data-wpel-link="internal"> <div class="featured-image"> <div class="img-overlay"></div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12172225/Guardians-tribute-to-Paulo-1200x800.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12172225/Guardians-tribute-to-Paulo-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12172225/Guardians-tribute-to-Paulo-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /> <div class="article--container-headline"> <div class="title headline gap--8 text-center"> <h5>Feature story</h5> <h1>‘Five years and no justice’ as trial over Indigenous forest guardian’s killing faces delays</h1> <div class="meta"> <span class="byline">Karla Mendes</span> <span class="date">13 Nov 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article--container"> <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/genetically-modified-cotton-was-planted-in-a-mato-grosso-exclusion-zone/" data-wpel-link="internal"> <div class="featured-image"> <div class="img-overlay"></div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267-1200x800.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267-768x512.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267-610x407.jpg 610w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/12100804/1277bcbf-55aa-49f7-a024-81f931c39267.jpg 1654w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /> <div class="article--container-headline"> <div class="title headline gap--8 text-center"> <h5>Feature story</h5> <h1>Genetically modified cotton was planted in a Mato Grosso exclusion zone</h1> <div class="meta"> <span class="byline">Adriana Amâncio, André Uzêda</span> <span class="date">12 Nov 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article--container"> <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/cop29-with-public-climate-finance-shortfall-is-investment-capital-a-way-forward/" data-wpel-link="internal"> <div class="featured-image"> <div class="img-overlay"></div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1-1200x800.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="COP29 entry at Baku." decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1-610x407.jpg 610w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/11134516/cop29-1.jpg 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /> <div class="article--container-headline"> <div class="title headline gap--8 text-center"> <h5>Feature story</h5> <h1>COP29: With public climate finance shortfall, is investment capital a way forward?</h1> <div class="meta"> <span class="byline">Justin Catanoso</span> <span class="date">11 Nov 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article--container"> <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/u-s-policy-experts-confident-of-future-climate-action-despite-trump-election/" data-wpel-link="internal"> <div class="featured-image"> <div class="img-overlay"></div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/08182238/6-POSSIBLE-BANNER-IMAGE-americas-pledge-photo-by-bloomberg-philan.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/08182238/6-POSSIBLE-BANNER-IMAGE-americas-pledge-photo-by-bloomberg-philan.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/08182238/6-POSSIBLE-BANNER-IMAGE-americas-pledge-photo-by-bloomberg-philan-610x316.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" /> <div class="article--container-headline"> <div class="title headline gap--8 text-center"> <h5>Feature story</h5> <h1>U.S. policy experts confident of future climate action despite Trump election</h1> <div class="meta"> <span class="byline">Justin Catanoso</span> <span class="date">8 Nov 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> } <div class="container ph--40 pv--40 in-column"> <div class="section--highlight"> <div class="container gap--40 in-column"> <h1>Quickly stay updated with our news <span class="icon icon-shorts">shorts</span></h1> <div class="shorts grid--3 gap--40"> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/cop29-ends-in-300-billion-deal-widespread-dismay-and-eyes-toward-cop30/ " data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290714"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> With COP29 letdown, climate activists pin their hopes on Brazil </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Kristine Sabillo</span> <span class="date">26 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p class="p1">After the recently concluded COP29 climate summit in Azerbaijan <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2024/11/cop29-ends-with-a-300-billion-promise-overshadowed-by-distrust-and-discontent/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1">failed to raise</span></a> the amount of <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop29-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-baku/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1">funds</span></a> sought by developing countries for climate initiatives, civil society groups are calling on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/brazil-calls-for-ambition-at-cop-but-struggles-over-its-own-climate-policy/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s1">Brazil</span></a>, the next host for the conference in 2025, to step up and lead.</p> <p class="p1">“Rich countries have failed to honor their responsibilities, and shown up with rigid unwillingness to meet this moment with the ambition required to address the climate crisis,” Namrata Chowdhary, public engagement head at climate advocacy group <a href="http://350.org" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1">350.org</span></a>, said in a <a href="https://350.org/press-release/cop29-outcome-wealthy-nations-fail-to-deliver-climate-finance/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s2">statement</span></a>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p class="p1">The only silver lining from COP29, dubbed the “Finance COP,” is that it serves as a starting point to mobilize additional funds, the 350.org statement said. “Now, the Brazilian COP30 Presidency must take on the crucial task of leading a credible process to scale up finance and ensure its quality and impact,” <span class="s1">the statement added</span>.</p> <p class="p1">At COP29, developing countries were calling for $1.3 trillion a year in climate finance from developed countries. However, the conference ended with a commitment of $300 billion per year and a promise to reach the original target by 2035 through collective public, private and other efforts, instead of developed countries paying up.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p class="p1">Gerry Arances, executive director of the Philippine-based Center for Energy, Ecology, and Development, called this commitment “a hollow promise.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p class="p1">“Developed nations must stop the excuses, pay their climate debt, and phase out fossil fuels,” he said in a <a href="https://m.facebook.com/CEEDphilippines/photos/cop29-the-outcome-of-the-finance-cop-is-an-atrocity-to-climate-vulnerable-people/930908435802414/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s2">statement</span></a>.</p> <p class="p1">Marcio Astrini, executive secretary of the Brazilian Climate Observatory, said in another <a href="https://www.oc.eco.br/en/cop29-disappoints-a-weak-300-billion-in-funding/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s2">statement</span></a> that the COP29 presidency of Azerbaijan, which has been <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop29-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-baku/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s2">criticized</span></a> for inadequate negotiations and outcomes as well as procedural issues, “was disastrous.” The country’s hosting of the summit has also been criticized over Azerbaijan’s alleged <a href="https://time.com/7177165/azerbaijan-climate-human-rights-cop29/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1">poor environmental and human rights records</span></a> and its standing as a major oil exporter.</p> <p class="p1">“COP30, under the leadership of Brazil, will have to be very competent and dedicated to fill the gaps left by this conference, promote the advancement of ambition and keep the 1.5°C [2.7°F] goal alive,” Astrini said.</p> <p class="p1">Brazil, a major oil producer and greenhouse gas emitter, also hosts the largest rainforest on the planet. The country is now trying to “resume its protagonist role in the climate arena with President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva,” Mongabay <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/brazil-calls-for-ambition-at-cop-but-struggles-over-its-own-climate-policy/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s2">previously reported</span></a>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p class="p1">The current government, which took over from climate denialist Jair Bolsonaro, “has recovered a considerable part of the damage done by the Bolsonaro administration,” Astrini <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/brazil-calls-for-ambition-at-cop-but-struggles-over-its-own-climate-policy/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s2">told Mongabay</span></a>. “It brought COP to Brazil, reduced deforestation and created the Ministry of Indigenous Peoples.”<span class="s1"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p> <p class="p1">While the COP29 finance negotiations were disappointing, “those on the frontlines of the climate crisis do not have the luxury of losing hope,” Shiva Gounden, head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific, said in a <a href="https://www.greenpeace.org.au/news/we-will-fight-bitter-disappointment-in-baku-must-catalyse-action-on-the-road-to-cop30-in-belem/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s2">statement</span></a>. “We will take the fight to COP30 in Brazil to ensure the profit-hungry fossil fuel industry pays for the climate destruction it has caused.”</p> <p class="p3"><span class="s3"><b><i>Banner image</i></b></span><i> of civil society groups protesting at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. Image courtesy of 350.org.</i></p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/26120343/cop29protest.jpg" class="attachment-290714 size-290714 wp-post-image" alt="Banner image of civil society groups protesting at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. Image courtesy of 350.org." medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/26120343/cop29protest.jpg 2048w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/26120343/cop29protest-768x432.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/26120343/cop29protest-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/26120343/cop29protest-610x343.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" /> </div> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/07/loopholes-allow-multilateral-development-banks-to-fund-captive-coal-in-indonesia-report/" data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290620"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> $125b in ‘climate finance’ funds polluting, rights-violating projects: Report </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Kristine Sabillo</span> <span class="date">25 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p class="p1">Multilateral development banks claim to have handed out a <span class="s1">record</span> $125 billion in “climate finance” in 2023. However, a recent <a href="https://re-course.org/newsupdates/mdb-climate-finance/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1">report</span></a> finds that some of the funds went to “problematic projects.”</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2">“</span>The development banks’ climate finance figures should be read with great caution,” Petra Kjell Wright, campaigns manager at Recourse, a Netherlands-based nonprofit that published the report, said in a <a href="https://re-course.org/newsupdates/mdb-climate-finance/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s3">statement</span></a>. “We found financing for projects involving fossil fuels, human rights violations, and environmental destruction.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p class="p1">The <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2023/07/asian-development-banks-climate-commitments-require-greater-accountability-commentary/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s1">Asian Development Bank</span></a> (ADB) and the <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2023/06/indonesias-mandalika-megaproject-still-trampling-on-indigenous-communitys-rights-report/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s1">Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank</span></a> (AIIB), for example, classified more than 91% of their funding to the Greater Malé waste-to-energy project in the Maldives — which burns trash to produce energy — as “climate finance,” despite criticisms over its impacts on local communities and emissions of hazardous fumes and greenhouse gases, the report found.</p> <p class="p1">Similarly, the <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/08/in-nicaragua-activists-challenge-the-value-of-international-green-financing/" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="s1">World Bank</span></a>, AIIB and ADB classified most of their funding to Nepal’s Upper Trishuli-1 hydropower project as climate finance, although the dam’s development “has marginalised and adversely affected Indigenous peoples in several critical ways,” the report noted.</p> <p class="p1">The ADB also counts 100% of its investment into a project in Mongolia aiming to mine minerals for renewable energy as “climate finance.” Yet more than 60 civil society groups have raised health, economic, pollution and land-grabbing concerns about the project, in addition to Indigenous rights violations.</p> <p class="p1">One problem with “climate finance,” the report noted, is that there’s no universally accepted definition for it. “[This] means that what counts as climate finance can include activities that in fact contribute to GHG emissions as well as undermining human, gender, environmental, health, land and Indigenous rights,” the report said.</p> <p class="p1">Another issue, the report added, is that 70% of the climate financing in 2023 was in the form of loans. Moreover, instead of prioritizing climate-vulnerable areas, 44% of the 2023 climate financing went to European countries, while only 21% went to Asia Pacific and 14% to sub-Saharan Africa.</p> <p class="p1">Nick Dearden, director of U.K. charity Global Justice Now, not involved in the report, told Mongabay by email that some of the projects reviewed “look like they are aimed more at enriching big business rather than building the just transition we need.”</p> <p class="p1">“Those countries least responsible for the climate crisis are being made to pay, through high levels of debt, to deal with problems they haven’t created,” he said, adding that loans will make it harder for developing countries to pursue a clean energy transition.</p> <p class="p1">The report’s authors say multilateral development banks’ climate financing should exclude projects involving fossil fuel and those that offer “false solutions” such as waste-to-energy incineration and carbon capture, and use caution when financing transition mineral mining.</p> <p class="p1">Continued investment into problematic big business projects “will fundamentally turn people against a green transition which should be making their [lives] better but is actually exacerbating inequality,” Dearden said.</p> <p class="p1"><b><i>Banner image</i></b><i> of AIIB headquarters by N509FZ via </i><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AIIB_Headquarters_Building_(20211124105742).jpg" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1"><i>Wikimedia Commons</i></span></a><i> (</i><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external"><span class="s1"><i>CC BY-SA 4.0</i></span></a><i>)</i>.</p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/25143337/1024px-AIIB_Headquarters_Building_20211124105742.jpg" class="attachment-290620 size-290620 wp-post-image" alt="Banner image of AIIB headquarters by N509FZ via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)." medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/25143337/1024px-AIIB_Headquarters_Building_20211124105742.jpg 1024w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/25143337/1024px-AIIB_Headquarters_Building_20211124105742-768x512.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/25143337/1024px-AIIB_Headquarters_Building_20211124105742-610x407.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /> </div> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado2705" data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290590"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> ‘Old’ animals offer wisdom and stability, need protection: Study </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Shreya Dasgupta</span> <span class="date">25 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p>In many animal societies, elderly individuals are critical contributors to their species’ survival, a <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado2705" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">new study</a> has found. That’s why wildlife conservation must account for older animals, researchers say.</p> <p>Keller Kopf, lead author and ecologist at Charles Darwin University, Australia, told Mongabay he wanted to counter the idea that “getting old is always a bad thing.”</p> <p>While aging is often linked to declining health and function, there’s mounting evidence that older animals offer many benefits, Kopf said by phone. However, most such studies have been conducted for different animal groups in isolation, he added, so the new review aimed to bring those findings together.</p> <p>Older individuals, the review found, provide greater stability to their populations and ecosystems. For instance, some older fish mothers lay more eggs in better habitat than their younger counterparts, and some older bird parents provide better food and care for their chicks. Certain deep-sea corals that live for thousands of years provide critical food and shelter for a wide range of marine animals. These are “essentially irreplaceable within human lifespans,” Kopf said.</p> <p>The review also highlighted how older animals contribute valuable “wisdom” or knowledge accumulated over their lifetime to their societies. Animals like whales, elephants and some migratory birds and fish, for example, rely on older individuals for guidance to find food and better breeding areas. Conversely, in species with strong social structures, like wolves, the death of older leaders can destabilize the pack structure, Kopf said.</p> <p>The review is “comprehensive and compelling,” Tim Coulson, a zoology professor at the University of Oxford, U.K., not involved in the study, told Mongabay. It also shows that “our fixation on harvesting large, elderly fish, or the tallest, oldest trees is seriously misguided,” he added.</p> <p>The authors recommend that commercial management of species, particularly in fisheries, should prioritize preserving older individuals.</p> <p>This is “important food for thought,” said Lewis Barnett, a fish biologist at NOAA Fisheries, U.S., not involved in the study. He agreed with the authors that policy solutions around protecting older fish could work with recreational fishing where “harvesting can be more selective, or where individuals can be released alive with a high chance of survival.”</p> <p>However, in commercial fisheries, “the more practical tools may be spatial management with no-take areas, gear modification, and reduced harvest rates overall,” he added.</p> <p>The authors also recommend that the IUCN Red List incorporate “age class” in its assessments of species’ status, currently not the practice. This is akin to an old-growth forest, Kopf said: “You can chop down all of the big trees and still have a huge number of really young trees. But it doesn’t mean that the population or that species is necessarily in good shape.”</p> <p>Coulson said that while a “nice thought experiment,” including the status of older individuals into IUCN assessments is an “unrealistic expectation,” considering the information needed to robustly capture the impact of such individuals in fluctuating populations.</p> <p><strong><em>Banner image</em></strong><em> by Rhett A. Butler/Mongabay.</em></p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/03/08102706/south_africa_kruger_0919.jpg" class="attachment-290590 size-290590 wp-post-image" alt="" medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/03/08102706/south_africa_kruger_0919.jpg 1200w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/03/08102706/south_africa_kruger_0919-768x512.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/03/08102706/south_africa_kruger_0919-610x407.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /> </div> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://news.mongabay.com/series/forest-trackers/" data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290488"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> Deforestation around Mennonite colonies continues in Peruvian Amazon: Report </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Shreya Dasgupta</span> <span class="date">22 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p>Satellite data and imagery <a href="https://www.maaproject.org/mennonites-deforestation-peru-amazon/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">confirm</a> ongoing deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon around colonies of Mennonites, a group of highly conservative Christian communities.</p> <p>Mennonites, whose early history can be traced to Europe in the 16<sup>th</sup> century, are known for their large-scale industrialized agriculture. By the late 19<sup>th</sup> century, they migrated to Canada, from where they have been fanning out to various parts of <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epub/10.1080/1747423X.2020.1855266?needAccess=true&cookieSet=1" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">Latin America</a> in search of land for new agricultural settlements, or “colonies.”</p> <p>Mennonite colonies first began appearing in Peru’s rainforests around 2017, and deforestation due to their activities has spiked from zero in 2017 to more than 8,660 hectares (21,400 acres) in 2024, according to the <a href="https://www.maaproject.org/mennonites-deforestation-peru-amazon/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">latest update</a> by the U.S.-based nonprofit Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP).</p> <p>“It is clear the Mennonites will continue growing population and expanding deforestation if the government does not implement more effective strategies,” Matt Finer, senior research specialist and director of MAAP, told Mongabay by email.</p> <p>MAAP’s analysis, published in October, examined all five Mennonite colonies in Peru — Chipiar, Vanderland, Osterreich, Providencia and Masisea — and found that deforestation around all of them were continuing as of September 2024.</p> <figure id="attachment_290504" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-290504 size-full" src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112726/BaseMap_ColMenonitas_oct24_Eng-768x922-1.jpg" alt="" width="768" height="922" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112726/BaseMap_ColMenonitas_oct24_Eng-768x922-1.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112726/BaseMap_ColMenonitas_oct24_Eng-768x922-1-610x732.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Map showing five Mennonite colonies in the Peruvian Amazon. Image courtesy of MAAP.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Deforestation around the newest Chipiar colony, for instance, has reached 2,708 hectares (6,692 acres) since 2020, MAAP’s analysis found. Visualizing Chipiar colony on the Global Forest Watch (GFW) platform shows considerable deforestation and fire alerts as recently as October.</p> <figure id="attachment_290501" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-290501 size-full" src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112458/BaseMap_Chipiar_Oct24_Eng-1536x1202-1.jpg" alt="" width="1536" height="1202" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112458/BaseMap_Chipiar_Oct24_Eng-1536x1202-1.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112458/BaseMap_Chipiar_Oct24_Eng-1536x1202-1-768x601.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112458/BaseMap_Chipiar_Oct24_Eng-1536x1202-1-610x477.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Deforestation around Chipiar colony in Peru. Image courtesy of MAAP.</span></figcaption></figure> <p><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-290519 size-full alignnone" src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115540/Chipiar-July-2024-new-GFW2-1.jpg" alt="" width="1536" height="886" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115540/Chipiar-July-2024-new-GFW2-1.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115540/Chipiar-July-2024-new-GFW2-1-768x443.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115540/Chipiar-July-2024-new-GFW2-1-610x352.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></p> <figure id="attachment_290520" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-290520 size-full" src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115604/Chipiar-October-2024-new-GFW2-1.jpg" alt="" width="1536" height="884" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115604/Chipiar-October-2024-new-GFW2-1.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115604/Chipiar-October-2024-new-GFW2-1-768x442.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22115604/Chipiar-October-2024-new-GFW2-1-610x351.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Satellite imagery of the Chipiar colony captured by Planet Labs in July 2024 (top) and October 2024 (bottom) reveal considerable forest loss. Images by Mongabay via Global Forest Watch.</span></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="https://www.globalforestwatch.org/map/?map=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%3D&mapMenu=eyJkYXRhc2V0Q2F0ZWdvcnkiOiJmb3Jlc3RDaGFuZ2UifQ%3D%3D" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">Data and imagery from GFW</a> also show a dramatic burst of continued forest loss around the Masisea colony in October.</p> <p>Finer said that while MAAP’s analysis focuses on actual deforestation, a lot of what’s seen in the October GFW images appear to indicate burning as a result of fires meant for clearing forested areas escaping into surrounding areas.</p> <p>“I don’t have more information other than in the imagery it appears to be escaped fire damage, I don’t know who started the fire,” Finer said. “And yes that is different than actual deforestation.” Mongabay couldn’t immediately confirm the reasons behind the latest clearings.</p> <p>Previous <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/video/mennonites-deforest-peruvian-amazon-encroach-on-indigenous-lands-chasing-deforestation/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay investigations</a> have found that much of the <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2021/08/in-peru-a-corrupt-land-titling-scheme-sees-forests-sold-off-as-farms/" data-wpel-link="internal">land grab</a> by the Mennonites in Peru’s forests is likely <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2023/04/they-have-conned-us-out-of-our-lands-conflict-brews-in-peru-as-mennonite-settlements-clear-forest/" data-wpel-link="internal">illegal</a>. Some of their settlements also overlap with the territories of Indigenous communities, and the colonies are being investigated by the country’s authorities.</p> <p>“We delivered a pair of confidential reports to the Peruvian government in early October alerting them to the continuing deforestation in Chipiar and also Vanderland,” Finer said.</p> <p><strong><em>Banner image</em></strong><em> of clearing around the Chipiar Mennonite colony in Peru, courtesy of Global Forest Watch.</em></p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony.jpg" class="attachment-290488 size-290488 wp-post-image" alt="" medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony.jpg 2400w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony-768x285.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony-1536x570.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony-2048x759.jpg 2048w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22112831/Cover-image-Chipiar-colony-610x226.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px" /> </div> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/the-plastics-crisis-is-now-a-global-human-health-crisis-experts-say/" data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290554"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> Biden administration doesn’t support a cap on plastic production </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Bobby Bascomb</span> <span class="date">22 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p>The Biden administration recently clarified its position on a global treaty calling for a reduction in the amount of new plastic produced: It no longer supports production caps.</p> <p>Previously, the U.S. said it recognized the need to <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/u-s-toughens-stance-on-plastics-production-in-run-up-to-key-treaty-summit/" data-wpel-link="internal">regulate plastic over its entire life cycle</a>, including limiting its production.</p> <p>“So, the U.S. has been very vague,” Bjorn Beeler, international coordinator with the International Pollutants Elimination Network, told Mongabay in a phone call. “Some people heard the vagueness and they determined that they [the U.S.] were suggesting that there should be caps. And the U.S. let everybody run with that.”</p> <p>“The only thing the U.S. has done now is clarified what they’ve meant,” Beeler added. In other words, the U.S. has acknowledged that capping plastic production could help address the plastic waste problem, but it doesn’t think mandatory caps are a “viable landing zone,” according to reporting from <a href="https://grist.org/regulation/us-backtracks-production-caps-global-plastics-treaty-united-nations/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">Grist. </a></p> <p>Calling for a global cap on new plastic production would have put the U.S. in line with nearly 70 other countries, including Canada, France and Japan, that make up the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution.</p> <p>Top fossil fuel producing countries, including Saudi Arabia and China, have opposed stringent measures to limit plastic production and advocate for a less ambitious approach instead. Nearly all plastic is derived from oil and gas byproducts.</p> <p>As the world shifts away from oil and gas for energy, “Plastics is the Plan B for the fossil fuel industry,” said Judith Enck, founder and president of the nonprofit advocacy group <a href="https://www.beyondplastics.org/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">Beyond Plastics</a>.</p> <p>“Many of these fossil fuel states are really just trying to obstruct the whole process,” Beeler said.</p> <p>It’s unclear which approach the U.S. will support. The U.S. is the world’s largest producer and consumer of oil and one of the largest producers of plastic. While the Biden administration has been vague on its position on plastic, the incoming Trump administration has always been clear in its support for the fossil fuel industry.</p> <p>“A Trump election would really spell doom, I think, for a strong treaty, at least one that includes the United States,” U.S. Representative Jared Huffman told <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/donald-trump-us-election-plastic-treaty-talks-environment-pollution-fossil-fuels/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">Politico</a> before the election.</p> <p>The U.S. clarification comes as delegates prepare to meet in Busan, South Korea, for the fifth session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC-5) with the goal of developing an instrument to tackle the growing problem of plastic pollution.</p> <p>In next couple decades, plastic production is expected to grow by roughly 300%, Beeler said. “So, limiting new plastic production could mean not 300% growth, but 200% growth,” he said.</p> <p>A 200% growth rate would still be a disaster for <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/microplastics-are-sickening-and-killing-wildlife-disrupting-earth-systems/" data-wpel-link="internal">wildlife</a>, <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2023/10/microplastics-pose-risk-to-ocean-plankton-climate-other-key-earth-systems/" data-wpel-link="internal">Earth’s planetary systems</a> and <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/11/the-plastics-crisis-is-now-a-global-human-health-crisis-experts-say/" data-wpel-link="internal">human health</a>, scientists say.</p> <p>“Plastics are climate change and cancer,” Beeler said, stressing the need for action at INC-5 in South Korea.</p> <p><strong>Banner image:</strong> <em>A woman pulls a large bag filled with plastic waste in a landfill in Bangladesh. Image by Mumtahina Tanni via Pexels (Public domain).</em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic.jpg" class="attachment-290554 size-290554 wp-post-image" alt="A woman pulls a large bag filled with plastic in a landfill in Bangladesh." medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic.jpg 2400w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic-768x432.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/05103316/bangladesh-plastic-610x343.jpg 610w" sizes="(max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px" /> </div> <div class="article--container shorts-trigger" data-articlelink="https://news.mongabay.com/2024/07/frog-saunas-may-help-threatened-frogs-fight-off-deadly-fungus/" data-shareurl="https://news.mongabay.com/shorts/#/290550"> <div class="title headline rounded-top ph--40 pv--40 bg-theme-gray"> <h3 class=""> One of the tiniest frogs ever is discovered in Brazil, defying size limits </h3> </div> <div class="post-meta hidden"> <span class="byline">Shanna Hanbury</span> <span class="date">22 Nov 2024</span> </div> <div class="post-excerpt hidden"> <p>A frog smaller than a pencil eraser has hopped into the record books as the one of the smallest vertebrates known to science. Researchers formally <span><a href="https://peerj.com/articles/18265/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">described the species</a></span> in late October 2024 after encountering it in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil’s São Paulo state.</p> <p>At a length of 6.95 millimeters (0.27 inches), <em>Brachycephalus dacnis</em> has given scientists a new appreciation of just how small vertebrates can get. The only known frog <span><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zsc.12654" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">smaller than this</a></span>, found in February 2024 in northeastern Brazil, beats it by just 0.5 mm (0.02 in) but struggles with balance.</p> <p>Frogs in the tiny <em>Brachycephalus</em> genus are notorious for their clumsy landings, often tumbling over or falling on their heads after jumping, as their vestibular systems were compromised in their evolution to be small.</p> <p>But the B. dacnis retained its inner ear structure, allowing it to hear and leap quite proficiently. Researchers found that it can jump an impressive 32 times its own size, with surprising grace.</p> <p>“The size makes this frog very special,” Edelcio Muscat, one of the researchers who described <em>B. dacnis</em> and a coordinator at Projeto Dacnis, a conservation NGO working in the Atlantic Forest, told Mongabay by phone. “The miniaturization process hasn’t affected any of its organs or its skeleton.”</p> <p>In 2016, Muscat was on a typical nighttime expedition carefully turning over leaves on the forest floor when one of the frogs jumped out. Recordings of its croak, more akin to a cricket’s chirp than a typical toad’s ribbit, would confirm it was a unique species years later.</p> <p>Brazil is home to the world’s largest number of amphibian species, most of them in the Atlantic Forest, a biodiversity hotspot encompassing Brazil’s largest cities, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, with dozens of species described every year. Just 13% of the original Atlantic Forest remains.</p> <p>“The discovery of this species reveals how much we’ve lost without even realizing it,” Adrian Garda, a herpetologist at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, not involved in the study, told Mongabay by phone. “Right before our eyes, such a peculiar and extremely miniaturized vertebrate existed. What might we have lost over the past 40 to 80 years of industrialization?”</p> <p>Worldwide, nearly <span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06578-4" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="external">41%</a></span> of amphibian species are threatened with extinction, compared with 26.5% of mammals, 21.4% of reptiles and 12.9% of birds.</p> <p><em>B. dacnis</em> is speckled brown and white and has survived by blending in and laying low. Its tiny size helps it avoid predators, and the leaves of the forest floor provide thermal comfort, which might help protect it against the brunt of climate change, Muscat said.</p> <p>“The discovery shows us how much we need to preserve the Atlantic Forest,” Muscat said. “There are still species it supports that we have not yet found.”</p> <p><strong><em>Banner image</em></strong><em>: A</em> B. dacnis<em> rests on a fingertip, courtesy of Lucas Machado Botelho.</em></p> </div> <img src="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22172330/LMB_7284-scaled.jpg" class="attachment-290550 size-290550 wp-post-image" alt="" medium="" decoding="async" srcset="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22172330/LMB_7284-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22172330/LMB_7284-768x513.jpg 768w, https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/22172330/LMB_7284-1200x800.jpg 1200w, 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trigger.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); e.stopPropagation(); const postTitle = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').querySelector('.title').textContent.trim(); const excerpt = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').querySelector('.post-excerpt').innerHTML; const byline = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').querySelector('.post-meta .byline').textContent; const date = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').querySelector('.post-meta .date').textContent; const url = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').dataset.articlelink; const sUrl = e.target.closest('.shorts-trigger').dataset.shareurl; postUrl = url; shareUrl = sUrl; title = postTitle; const dialogTitle = shortsDialog.querySelector('.dialog-body .title h2'); const dialogContent = shortsDialog.querySelector('.dialog-body .post-content p'); const dialogByline = shortsDialog.querySelector('.dialog-body .post-meta .byline'); const dialogDate = shortsDialog.querySelector('.dialog-body .post-meta .date'); const dialogArticleLink = shortsDialog.querySelector('.dialog-footer a.link'); dialogTitle.textContent = postTitle; dialogContent.innerHTML = excerpt; dialogByline.textContent = byline; dialogDate.textContent = date; dialogArticleLink.href = postUrl; shortsDialog.showModal(); shortsShare.innerHTML = shortsShare.innerHTML.replace(/{{title}}/g, title); shortsShare.innerHTML = shortsShare.innerHTML.replace(/{{postUrl}}/g, postUrl); shortsShare.innerHTML = shortsShare.innerHTML.replace(/{{shareUrl}}/g, shareUrl); }); }); function close() { document.getElementById("copy-url").value = '{{shareUrl}}'; shortsDialog.close(); }; function back() { shortsOverview.classList.remove('hidden'); shortsShare.classList.add('hidden'); backButton.classList.add('hidden'); } shareButton.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); e.stopPropagation(); shortsOverview.classList.add('hidden'); shortsShare.classList.remove('hidden'); backButton.classList.remove('hidden'); while (true) { const copyText = document.getElementById("copy-url"); if (copyText) { function copyURL() { copyText.select(); copyText.setSelectionRange(0, 99999); navigator.clipboard.writeText(copyText.value); } function emailArticle() { window.alert("Email this article?"); window.location.href = "mailto:?subject=" + encodeURIComponent(document.title) + "&body=" + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href); } document.querySelector(".icon-share-copy").addEventListener("click", copyURL); document.querySelector("a.email").addEventListener("click", emailArticle); break; } else { new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(() => { resolve(); }, 100); }); } } }); shortsDialog.addEventListener('show', () => { shortsOverview.classList.remove('hidden'); shortsShare.classList.add('hidden'); backButton.classList.add('hidden'); }); shortsDialog.addEventListener('close', () => { shortsOverview.classList.remove('hidden'); shortsShare.classList.add('hidden'); backButton.classList.add('hidden'); 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