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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=sr.wikipedia.org&uselang=sr" class=""><span>Донације</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&returnto=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да отворите налог и пријавите се" class=""><span>Отвори налог</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да се пријавите [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Пријави ме</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Више опција" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Личне алатке" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&returnto=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да отворите налог и пријавите се"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Отвори налог</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да се пријавите [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Пријави ме</span></a></li> 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0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EУчествујте у \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_SheSaid_2024\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"q:Викицитат:Кампања SheSaid 2024\"\u003Eкампањи писања цитата значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0\" title=\"Википедија:Акција проширивања клица\"\u003Eакцији проширивања клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Експерименталне_методе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Експерименталне_методе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Експерименталне методе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Експерименталне_методе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Изомери" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Изомери"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Изомери</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Изомери-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Типови_молекулске_структуре" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Типови_молекулске_структуре"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Типови молекулске структуре</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Типови_молекулске_структуре-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Садржај одељка Типови молекулске структуре</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Типови_молекулске_структуре-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc--{VSEPR}-_табела" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#-{VSEPR}-_табела"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>VSEPR табела</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc--{VSEPR}-_табела-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3D_Репрезентације" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3D_Репрезентације"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>3D Репрезентације</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3D_Репрезентације-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Референце" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Референце"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Референце</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Референце-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спољашње_везе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спољашње_везе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Спољашње везе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спољашње_везе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Геометрија молекула</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 33" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بنية جزيئية — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنية جزيئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometri_molekul" title="Geometri molekul — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Geometri molekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekularna_geometrija" title="Molekularna geometrija — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Molekularna geometrija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_molecular" title="Geometria molecular — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geometria molecular" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrig_moleciwlar" title="Geometrig moleciwlar — велшки" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Geometrig moleciwlar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="велшки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Молекулăсен геометрийĕ — чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Молекулăсен геометрийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyl%C3%A6r_geometri" title="Molekylær geometri — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Molekylær geometri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BClgeometrie" title="Molekülgeometrie — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Molekülgeometrie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Μοριακή γεωμετρία — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοριακή γεωμετρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry" title="Molecular geometry — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Molecular geometry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometr%C3%ADa_molecular" title="Geometría molecular — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geometría molecular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="هندسه مولکولی — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هندسه مولکولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie_mol%C3%A9culaire" title="Géométrie moléculaire — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Géométrie moléculaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%99" title="מבנה מולקולרי — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מבנה מולקולרי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="आण्विक ज्यामिति — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आण्विक ज्यामिति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="分子構造 — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="分子構造" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მოლეკულური გეომეტრია — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მოლეკულური გეომეტრია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%AA" title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಣುರಚನಾಸ್ವರೂಪ — канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಣುರಚನಾಸ್ವರೂಪ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98" title="분자기하 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="분자기하" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="തന്മാത്രാ ജ്യോമെട്രി — малајалам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തന്മാത്രാ ജ്യോമെട്രി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малајалам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moleculaire_geometrie" title="Moleculaire geometrie — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moleculaire geometrie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekylgeometri" title="Molekylgeometri — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Molekylgeometri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_molecular" title="Geometria molecular — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geometria molecular" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrie_molecular%C4%83" title="Geometrie moleculară — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Geometrie moleculară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Молекулярная геометрия — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Молекулярная геометрия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry" title="Molecular geometry — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Molecular geometry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekularna_geometrija" title="Molekularna geometrija — словеначки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Molekularna geometrija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словеначки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrija_molekula" title="Geometrija molekula — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Geometrija molekula" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyylien_avaruusrakenne" title="Molekyylien avaruusrakenne — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Molekyylien avaruusrakenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyl%C3%A4r_geometri" title="Molekylär geometri — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Molekylär geometri" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCler_geometri" title="Moleküler geometri — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moleküler geometri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Water_molecule_dimensions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Water_molecule_dimensions.svg/200px-Water_molecule_dimensions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Water_molecule_dimensions.svg/300px-Water_molecule_dimensions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Water_molecule_dimensions.svg/400px-Water_molecule_dimensions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="388" /></a><figcaption>Геометрија <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Вода (молекул)">молекула воде</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Молекуларна геометрија</b> или <b>молекуларна структура</b> је три-<a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Димензија">димензионо</a> уређење <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">атома</a> који сачињавају <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Молекул">молекул</a>. Она условљава низ особина супстанце међу којима су <a href="/wiki/Reaktivnost_(hemija)" title="Reaktivnost (hemija)">реактивност</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Поларност (физика)">поларност</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faza_(materija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faza (materija)">фаза материје</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Боја">боја</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Магнетизам">магнетизам</a>, и <a href="/wiki/Biolo%C5%A1ka_aktivnost" title="Biološka aktivnost">биолошка активност</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Експерименталне_методе"><span id=".D0.95.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5"></span>Експерименталне методе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Експерименталне методе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Експерименталне методе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Модел метана"><img alt="Модел метана" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png/100px-Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png/150px-Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png/200px-Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>Модел метана</figcaption></figure> <p>Чак и најбољи електронски <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Микроскоп">микроскопи</a> нису у стању да покажу изглед молекула већ само обрисе и то само огромних молекула као што су <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Протеин">протеини</a>. Ипак постоје методе помоћу којих се може одредити тј. предвидети геометрија <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Молекул">молекула</a> само уз помоћ структурне формуле. Најједноставнија метода за предвиђање просторног облика хемијских једињења јесте она која користи правило о одбијању валентних <a href="/wiki/Elektronski_par" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronski par">електронских парова</a>. По овој методи распоред електронских парова у највишем <a href="/wiki/Elektronski_nivo" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronski nivo">електронском нивоу</a> око централног <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">атома</a> одређује просторни облик молекула. <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон">Електрони</a> су негативно наелектрисане честице, што узрокује распоред у коме су они најудаљенији један од другог. Кад растојање буде највеће, одбијање ће бити најмање, те ће молекул бити најстабилнији. Распоред валентних електронских парова зависи од њиховог броја. Нпр. код <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">метана</a> (CH<sub>4</sub>) четири електронска пара најмање ће се одбијати ако се налазе на ивицама правилног тетраедра. </p><p>Код једињења са 3 електронска пара (нпр. BF<sub>3</sub>) молекул је најстабилнији када се парови налазе под угловима од 120°; распоред је у једној равни. Ако је централни атом окружен великим бројем валентних електронских парова молекул може да има веома различите облике. Разматрање просторног распореда атома у молекулу је веома комплексан део <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">хемије</a> и њиме се бави засебна дисциплина - <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Стереохемија">стереохемија</a>. Динамичка стереохемија податке добијене о просторном распореду користи за предвиђање понашања тих молекула у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемијска реакција">хемијским реакцијама</a>, што је од посебног значаја за органске реакције у органзму које су веома стереоспецифичне. </p><p>Молекуларна геометрија може бити одређена разним <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Спектроскопија">спектроскопским</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Дифракција">дифракционим</a> методима. <a href="/wiki/Infracrvena_spektroskopija" title="Infracrvena spektroskopija">IR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rotaciona_spektroskopija" title="Rotaciona spektroskopija">микроталасна</a> и <a href="/wiki/Ramanova_spektroskopija" title="Ramanova spektroskopija">Раманова спектроскопија</a> могу да произведу информације о молекулској геометрији из детаља детектованих вибрационих и ротационих апсорбанци. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кристалографија">Кристалографија</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Неутронска дифракција (страница не постоји)">неутронска дифракција</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Електронска дифракција (страница не постоји)">електронска дифракција</a> могу да произведу молекуларну структуру кристала на бази растојања између језгра и концентрације електронске густине. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гасна електронска дифракција (страница не постоји)">Гасна електронска дифракција</a> се може користити за мале молекуле у гасној фази. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нуклеарна магнетна резонанција">НМР</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forsterov_rezonantni_energijski_transfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forsterov rezonantni energijski transfer (страница не постоји)">FRET</a> методи се могу користити за одређивање комплементарних информација као што су релативна растојања,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> диедрални углови,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> углови веза, и повезаност. Ниже температуре су подесније за одређивање молекуларне геометрије, јер су вишим температурама оне средње вредности доступних геометрија. Већи молекули се често јављају у више стабилних геометрија (<a href="/wiki/Konformacioni_izomerizam" title="Konformacioni izomerizam">конформациони изомеризам</a>) са сличним енергетским нивоима на површини потенцијалне енергије. Геометрије се исто тако могу израчунати користећи <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ab_initio_kvantum_hemijski_metod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ab initio kvantum hemijski metod (страница не постоји)">ab initio квантум хемијски методе</a> до високе прецизности. Молекуларна геометрија може да се буде различита у чврстој, течној, и гасовитој фази. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Изомери"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8"></span>Изомери</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Изомери”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Изомери"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8)" title="Изомер (хемијски)">Изомери</a> су типови молекула који имају исту хемијску структуру али различите геометрије, последица чега су веома различите особине: </p> <ul><li><i>Чиста</i> супстанца се састоји од само једног типа изомера.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strukturni_izomerizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Strukturni izomerizam">Структурни изомери</a> имају исту хемијску формулу али различите физичке аранжмане, често формирајући алтернативне молекуларне геометрије са веома различитим особинама. Атоми нису везани у истом реду. <ul><li>Функционални изомери су специјална врста структурних изомера, где поједине групе атома испољавају специјалне начине понашања, као што су етар или алкохол.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Стереоизомерија">Стереоизомери</a> могу да имају многе сличне физичко-хемијске особине (тачка топљења, тачка кључања) и истовремено веома различите <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Биохемија">биохемијске</a> активности. То је због тога што они манифестују <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Хиралност молекула">хиралност</a> која се често среће код живих система. Једна манифестација хиралности је њихова способност ротирања поларизоване светлости у различитим смеровима.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteinsko_sklapanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Proteinsko sklapanje">Протеинско склапање</a> је процес формирања молекула комплексне геометрије и различитих изомера које <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Протеин">протеини</a> могу да имају.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Типови_молекулске_структуре"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B8.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B5_.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.BA.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B5"></span>Типови молекулске структуре</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Типови молекулске структуре”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Типови молекулске структуре"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Постоји шест основних типова молекула </p> <ul><li><b>Линеарни:</b> У линеарном моделу, атоми су везан у правој линији. Углови веза су 180°. Пример таквог молекула је угљен-диоксид.</li> <li><b>Тригонално планарни:</b> Ови молекул су троугаони и леже у једној равни. Њихови углови веза су 120°. Пример молекула из ове групе је <a href="/wiki/Bor_trifluorid" title="Bor trifluorid">бор трифлуорид</a>.</li> <li><b>Тетраедрални:</b> Ови молекули имају четири површине. Они имају четири везе на централном атому без додатних слободних <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон">електронских</a> парова. Углови веза између електронских веза су <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Инверзна тригонометријска функција (страница не постоји)">arccos</a> (−1/3) = 109.47°. Пример тетраедралног молекула је <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">метан</a> (CH<sub>4</sub>).</li> <li><b>Октаедрални:</b> Они имају осам површина. Угао веза је 90 степени. Пример октаедралног молекула је <a href="/wiki/Sumpor_heksafluorid" title="Sumpor heksafluorid">сумпор хексафлуорид</a> (SF<sub>6</sub>).</li> <li><b>Пирамидални:</b> Ови молекули имају <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Пирамида (геометрија)">пирамидни облик</a>. Они имају три пара везаних електрона, и слободни електронски пар. Одбијање слободног пара и везаних парова мења угао од тетраедралног до нешто мање вредности. Пример је NH<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Амонијак">амонијак</a>).</li> <li><b>Повијени:</b> Повијени или угаони молекули имају нелинеарни облик. Пример таквог молекула је <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Вода (молекул)">вода</a>, или H<sub>2</sub>O, која има угао веза од око 106<sup>o</sup> Молекул воде има два пара везаних електрона и два слободна пара.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="-{VSEPR}-_табела"><span id="-.7BVSEPR.7D-_.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B0"></span>VSEPR табела</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „VSEPR табела”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: VSEPR табела"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Углови веза у следећој табели су идеални углови из једноставне VSEPR теорије. Њима следе стварни углови за дате примере, уколико се они разликују. У многим случајевима, као што је тригонални пирамидални и повијени, стварни угао примера се разликује од идеалног угла. Угао у H<sub>2</sub>S (92°) се разликује од тетраедралног угла много више, него што је то случај за H<sub>2</sub>O (104.5°) угао. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Везујућих електронских парова </th> <th>Слободних парова </th> <th>Електронски домени (Стерни #) </th> <th>Облик </th> <th>Идеални угао везе (угао везе примера) </th> <th>Пример </th> <th>Слика </th></tr> <tr> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td>линеарни </td> <td><center>180°</center> </td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Угљен-диоксид">CO<sub>2</sub></a></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Linear-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Linear-3D-balls.png/50px-Linear-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Linear-3D-balls.png/75px-Linear-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Linear-3D-balls.png/100px-Linear-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="508" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td>тригонално планарни </td> <td><center>120°</center> </td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/Bor_trifluorid" title="Bor trifluorid">BF<sub>3</sub></a></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Trigonal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Trigonal-3D-balls.png/50px-Trigonal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Trigonal-3D-balls.png/75px-Trigonal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Trigonal-3D-balls.png/100px-Trigonal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="967" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>1</center> </td> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td>повијени </td> <td><center>120° (119°) </center> </td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Сумпор-диоксид">SO<sub>2</sub></a></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Bent-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/50px-Bent-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/75px-Bent-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/100px-Bent-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td>тетраедрални </td> <td><center>109.5°</center> </td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">CH<sub>4</sub></a></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX4E0-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AX4E0-3D-balls.png/50px-AX4E0-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AX4E0-3D-balls.png/75px-AX4E0-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AX4E0-3D-balls.png/100px-AX4E0-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td><center>1</center> </td> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td>тригонално пирамидални </td> <td><center>107.5° </center> </td> <td><center>NH<sub>3</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX3E1-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/AX3E1-3D-balls.png/50px-AX3E1-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/AX3E1-3D-balls.png/75px-AX3E1-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/AX3E1-3D-balls.png/100px-AX3E1-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="940" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td>угаони </td> <td><center>104.5° </center> </td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/H2O" class="mw-redirect" title="H2O">H<sub>2</sub>O</a></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Bent-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/50px-Bent-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/75px-Bent-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bent-3D-balls.png/100px-Bent-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td>тригонално бипирамидални </td> <td><center>90°, 120°</center> </td> <td><center>PCl<sub>5</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/50px-Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/75px-Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/100px-Trigonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td><center>1</center> </td> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td>тестерасти </td> <td><center>180°, 120°, 90° (173.1°, 101.6°) </center> </td> <td><center>SF<sub>4</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX4E1-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AX4E1-3D-balls.png/50px-AX4E1-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AX4E1-3D-balls.png/75px-AX4E1-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AX4E1-3D-balls.png/100px-AX4E1-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="858" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td>Т-облик </td> <td><center>90°, 180° (87.5°, < 180°) </center> </td> <td><center>ClF<sub>3</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX3E2-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/AX3E2-3D-balls.png/50px-AX3E2-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/AX3E2-3D-balls.png/75px-AX3E2-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/AX3E2-3D-balls.png/100px-AX3E2-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="931" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>3</center> </td> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td>линеарни </td> <td><center>180°</center> </td> <td><center>XeF<sub>2</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX2E3-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/AX2E3-3D-balls.png/50px-AX2E3-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/AX2E3-3D-balls.png/75px-AX2E3-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/AX2E3-3D-balls.png/100px-AX2E3-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="782" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>6</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>6</center> </td> <td>октаедрални </td> <td><center>90°, 180°</center> </td> <td><center>SF<sub>6</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX6E0-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AX6E0-3D-balls.png/50px-AX6E0-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AX6E0-3D-balls.png/75px-AX6E0-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AX6E0-3D-balls.png/100px-AX6E0-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1035" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>5</center> </td> <td><center>1</center> </td> <td><center>6</center> </td> <td>квадратно пирамидални </td> <td><center>90° (84.8°), 180° </center> </td> <td><center>BrF<sub>5</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:AX5E1-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/AX5E1-3D-balls.png/50px-AX5E1-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/AX5E1-3D-balls.png/75px-AX5E1-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/AX5E1-3D-balls.png/100px-AX5E1-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>4</center> </td> <td><center>2</center> </td> <td><center>6</center> </td> <td>квадратно планарни </td> <td><center>90° 180°</center> </td> <td><center>XeF<sub>4</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Square-planar-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Square-planar-3D-balls.png/50px-Square-planar-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Square-planar-3D-balls.png/75px-Square-planar-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Square-planar-3D-balls.png/100px-Square-planar-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="796" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center>7</center> </td> <td><center>0</center> </td> <td><center>7</center> </td> <td>пентагонално бипирамидални </td> <td><center>90°, 72°</center> </td> <td><center>IF<sub>7</sub></center> </td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/50px-Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/75px-Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png/100px-Pentagonal-bipyramidal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1096" /></a></span></center> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="3D_Репрезентације"><span id="3D_.D0.A0.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B5"></span>3D Репрезентације</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „3D Репрезентације”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: 3D Репрезентације"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Линија</i> или <i>штап</i> - атомска језгра нису представљена. Као и код 2D молекуларних структура овог типа, атоми се подразумевају на теменима.</li></ul> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Formic-acid-3D-stick.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Formic-acid-3D-stick.png/110px-Formic-acid-3D-stick.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Formic-acid-3D-stick.png/165px-Formic-acid-3D-stick.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Formic-acid-3D-stick.png/220px-Formic-acid-3D-stick.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="833" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png/110px-L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png/165px-L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png/220px-L-aspartic-acid-3D-sticks.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="983" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png/110px-ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png/165px-ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png/220px-ATP-xtal-3D-sticks.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1063" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Endohedral_fullerene.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Endohedral_fullerene.png/110px-Endohedral_fullerene.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Endohedral_fullerene.png/165px-Endohedral_fullerene.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Endohedral_fullerene.png/220px-Endohedral_fullerene.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>График електронске густине</i> - приказује електронску густину одређену било <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кристалографија">кристалографски</a> или користећи <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Квантум механика (страница не постоји)">квантум механику</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg/110px-NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg/165px-NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg/220px-NorbornylCation_ElectronDensity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="736" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:WinsteinYellow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/WinsteinYellow.jpg/110px-WinsteinYellow.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/WinsteinYellow.jpg/165px-WinsteinYellow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/WinsteinYellow.jpg/220px-WinsteinYellow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:NorbornylChemDraw.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/NorbornylChemDraw.png/110px-NorbornylChemDraw.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/NorbornylChemDraw.png/165px-NorbornylChemDraw.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/NorbornylChemDraw.png/220px-NorbornylChemDraw.png 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="889" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Кугла и штап</i> - атомска језгра су представљена као сфере (кугле) и везе као штапови</li></ul> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Methanol-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Methanol-3D-balls.png/110px-Methanol-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Methanol-3D-balls.png/165px-Methanol-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Methanol-3D-balls.png/220px-Methanol-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Methanol_struktur.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Methanol_struktur.png/110px-Methanol_struktur.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Methanol_struktur.png/165px-Methanol_struktur.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Methanol_struktur.png 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png/110px-PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png/165px-PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png/220px-PropyleneGlycol-stickAndBall.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1548" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png/170px-3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png/255px-3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png/340px-3LRI_SolutionStructureAndBackboneDynamicsOfHumanLong_arg3_insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_1_02.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1673" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Простор-попуњавајући модел (страница не постоји)">Простор-попуњавајући модели</a> или ЦПК модели - молекул је приказан преклапајућим сферама које представљају атоме</li></ul> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Methanol.pdb.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Methanol.pdb.png/110px-Methanol.pdb.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Methanol.pdb.png/165px-Methanol.pdb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Methanol.pdb.png/220px-Methanol.pdb.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Ubiquitin_spheres.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ubiquitin_spheres.png/110px-Ubiquitin_spheres.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ubiquitin_spheres.png/165px-Ubiquitin_spheres.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ubiquitin_spheres.png/220px-Ubiquitin_spheres.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:P-cresol-spaceFilling.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P-cresol-spaceFilling.png/110px-P-cresol-spaceFilling.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P-cresol-spaceFilling.png/165px-P-cresol-spaceFilling.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P-cresol-spaceFilling.png/220px-P-cresol-spaceFilling.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1548" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png/170px-3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png/255px-3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png/340px-3GF1_Insulin-Like_Growth_Factor_Nmr_10_01.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1673" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Дијаграм</b> - приказ протеина где се петље, бета равни, и <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Алфа хеликс">алфа хеликси</a> приказују дијаграмом. Атоми или везе нису експлицитно приказани, већ само протеинска основа као глатка цев.</li></ul> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Beta-meander1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Beta-meander1.png/110px-Beta-meander1.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Beta-meander1.png/165px-Beta-meander1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Beta-meander1.png/220px-Beta-meander1.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:MreB.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/MreB.png/110px-MreB.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/MreB.png/165px-MreB.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/MreB.png/220px-MreB.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg/110px-Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg/165px-Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg/220px-Anthrax_toxin_protein_key_motif.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:8tim_TIM_barrel.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/8tim_TIM_barrel.png/170px-8tim_TIM_barrel.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/8tim_TIM_barrel.png/255px-8tim_TIM_barrel.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/8tim_TIM_barrel.png/340px-8tim_TIM_barrel.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Референце"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B5"></span>Референце</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Референце”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Референце"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">McMurry John E. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed072pA151.1"><i>Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry</i></a> (3rd изд.). Belmont: Wadsworth. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/0-534-16218-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/0-534-16218-5">0-534-16218-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.au=McMurry+John+E.&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Organic+Chemistry&rft.date=1992&rft.edition=3rd&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Belmont&rft.pub=Wadsworth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fed072pA151.1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Clayden, Jonathan; Greeves, Nick; Warren, Stuart; Wothers, Peter (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.organic-chemistry.org/books/reviews/0198503466.shtm"><i>Organic Chemistry</i></a> (I изд.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-19-850346-0" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-19-850346-0">978-0-19-850346-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.au=Greeves%2C+Nick&rft.au=Warren%2C+Stuart&rft.au=Wothers%2C+Peter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.aulast=Clayden&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=I&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-850346-0&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.organic-chemistry.org%2Fbooks%2Freviews%2F0198503466.shtm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dwb.unl.edu/Teacher/NSF/C08/C08Links/pps99.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/projects/gmocz/fret.htm">FRET description</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080918072755/http://dwb.unl.edu/Teacher/NSF/C08/C08Links/pps99.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/projects/gmocz/fret.htm">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (18. септембар 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hillisch, A; Lorenz, M; Diekmann, S (2001). „Recent advances in FRET: distance determination in protein–DNA complexes”. <i>Current Opinion in Structural Biology</i>. <b>11</b> (2): 201—207. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11297928">11297928</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0959-440X%2800%2900190-1">10.1016/S0959-440X(00)00190-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+FRET%3A+distance+determination+in+protein%E2%80%93DNA+complexes&rft.au=Diekmann%2C+S&rft.au=Lorenz%2C+M&rft.aufirst=A&rft.aulast=Hillisch&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Structural+Biology&rft.pages=201-207&rft.volume=11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0959-440X%2800%2900190-1&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11297928&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081014211053/http://www.fretimaging.org/mcnamaraintro.html">„FRET imaging introduction”</a>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fretimaging.org/mcnamaraintro.html">оригинала</a> 14. 10. 2008. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">04. 09. 2011</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.btitle=FRET+imaging+introduction&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fretimaging.org%2Fmcnamaraintro.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jonathanpmiller.com/Karplus.html">obtaining dihedral angles from <sup>3</sup>J coupling constants</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spectroscopynow.com/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/specNOW/HTML%20files/General_Karplus_Calculator.htm">Another Javascript-like NMR coupling constant to dihedral</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051228092336/http://www.spectroscopynow.com/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/specNOW/HTML%20files/General_Karplus_Calculator.htm">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (28. децембар 2005)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Литература”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Литература"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFElielWilen1994" class="citation book">Eliel, Ernest L.; Wilen, Samuel H. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IyfwAAAAMAAJ&q=Stereochemistry+of+Organic+Compounds&dq=Stereochemistry+of+Organic+Compounds&hl=en&sa=X&ei=E_6eUPnoE4jDiwKptYGABg&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAQ"><i>Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds</i></a> (1 изд.). Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-471-01670-0" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-471-01670-0">978-0-471-01670-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.au=Wilen%2C+Samuel+H.&rft.aufirst=Ernest+L.&rft.aulast=Eliel&rft.btitle=Stereochemistry+of+Organic+Compounds&rft.date=1994&rft.edition=1&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-471-01670-0&rft.pub=Wiley%2C+John+%26+Sons%2C+Incorporated&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIyfwAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DStereochemistry%2Bof%2BOrganic%2BCompounds%26dq%3DStereochemistry%2Bof%2BOrganic%2BCompounds%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DE_6eUPnoE4jDiwKptYGABg%26ved%3D0CDsQ6AEwAQ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFElielWilenDoyle2001" class="citation book">Eliel, Ernest L.; Wilen, Samuel H.; Doyle, Michael P. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wSXwAAAAMAAJ&q=Basic+Organic+Stereochemistry&dq=Basic+Organic+Stereochemistry&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zf6eUMO0H-TdigK7oIH4Cg&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA"><i>Basic Organic Stereochemistry</i></a> (1. изд.). Wiley-Interscience. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-471-37499-2" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-471-37499-2">978-0-471-37499-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.au=Doyle%2C+Michael+P.&rft.au=Wilen%2C+Samuel+H.&rft.aufirst=Ernest+L.&rft.aulast=Eliel&rft.btitle=Basic+Organic+Stereochemistry&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=1.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-471-37499-2&rft.pub=Wiley-Interscience&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwSXwAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DBasic%2BOrganic%2BStereochemistry%26dq%3DBasic%2BOrganic%2BStereochemistry%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3Dzf6eUMO0H-TdigK7oIH4Cg%26ved%3D0CDgQ6AEwAA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKurt_Martin_Mislow_Kurt_Mislow2003" class="citation book">Kurt Martin Mislow Kurt Mislow (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Introduction_to_Stereochemistry.html?id=b63SIBrgOqoC"><i>Introduction to Stereochemistry</i></a>. Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-486-42530-6" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-486-42530-6">978-0-486-42530-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.au=Kurt+Martin+Mislow+Kurt+Mislow&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Stereochemistry&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-486-42530-6&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FIntroduction_to_Stereochemistry.html%3Fid%3Db63SIBrgOqoC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNasipuri1994" class="citation book">Nasipuri, D. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JfdiwLcXTv4C&dq=Stereochemistry+of+Organic+Compounds&source=gbs_book_similarbooks"><i>Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds: Principles and Applications</i></a> (2 изд.). South Asia Books. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-81-224-0570-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-81-224-0570-5">978-81-224-0570-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.aulast=Nasipuri&rft.btitle=Stereochemistry+of+Organic+Compounds%3A+Principles+and+Applications&rft.date=1994&rft.edition=2&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-224-0570-5&rft.pub=South+Asia+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJfdiwLcXTv4C%26dq%3DStereochemistry%2Bof%2BOrganic%2BCompounds%26source%3Dgbs_book_similarbooks&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спољашње_везе"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.99.D0.B0.D1.88.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5"></span>Спољашње везе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уредите одељак „Спољашње везе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди извор одељка: Спољашње везе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554621">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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