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pressure</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: axle pressure"> <meta name="keywords" content="axle pressure"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="axle pressure"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4075</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: axle pressure</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4075</span> Significant Stressed Zone of Highway Embankment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharifullah%20Ahmed">Sharifullah Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Eng"> P. Eng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Axle Pressure and the Consolidation Pressure decrease with the height of the highway embankment and the depth of subsoil. This reduction of pressure depends on the height and width of the embankment. The depth is defined as the significantly stressed zone at which the pressure is reduced to 0.2 or 20%. The axle pressure is reduced to 7% for embankment height 1-3m and to 0.7% for embankment height 4-12m at the bottom level of Highway Embankment. This observation implies that, the portion of axle pressure transferred to subsoil underlying the embankment is not significant for ESAL factor 4.8. The 70% consolidation to have occurred after the construction of the surface layer of pavement. Considering this ratio of post construction settlement, 70% consolidation pressure (Δσ70) is used in this analysis. The magnitude of influence depth or Significant Stressed Zone (Ds) had been obtained for the range of crest width (at the top level of the embankment) is kept between 5m and 50m and for the range of embankment height from 1.0m to 12.0m considering 70% of consolidation pressure (Δσ70). Significantly stressed zones (Ds) for 70% embankment pressure are found as 2-6.2He for embankment top width 5-50m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation%20pressure" title="consolidation pressure">consolidation pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation%20settlement" title=" consolidation settlement"> consolidation settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESAL" title=" ESAL"> ESAL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highway%20embankment" title=" highway embankment"> highway embankment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HS%2020-44" title=" HS 20-44"> HS 20-44</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=significant%20stressed%20zone" title=" significant stressed zone"> significant stressed zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20distribution" title=" stress distribution"> stress distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152356/significant-stressed-zone-of-highway-embankment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4074</span> Improvement of Brige Weigh-In-Motion Technique Considering the Driving Conditions of Vehicles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changgil%20Lee">Changgil Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jooyoung%20Park"> Jooyoung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seunghee%20Park"> Seunghee Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) system was simulated under various driving conditions of vehicles to improve the performance of the BWIM system. Two driving conditions were considered. One was the number of the axle of the vehicles. Since the vehicles have different number of axle according to the types of the vehicle, the vehicles were modeled considering the number of the axle. The other was the speed of the vehicles because the speed of the vehicles is not consistent on the bridge. To achieve the goal, the dynamic characteristics of a bridge such as modal parameters were considered in numerical simulation by analyzing precision models. Also, the driving vehicles were modeled as mass-spring-damping systems reflecting the axle information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge%20weigh-in-motion%20%28BWIM%29%20system" title="bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) system">bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20conditions" title=" driving conditions"> driving conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20analysis%20model" title=" precision analysis model"> precision analysis model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20number%20of%20axle" title=" the number of axle"> the number of axle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20speed%20of%20vehicle" title=" the speed of vehicle"> the speed of vehicle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57266/improvement-of-brige-weigh-in-motion-technique-considering-the-driving-conditions-of-vehicles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4073</span> Reduced Vibration in a Levitating Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kazadi">S. Kazadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20An"> A. An</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Shen"> B. Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the fitness of a male and female permanent magnetic levitation support for use as an axle on a rotor for a levitating motor. The support enables passive thrust and axial support for the axle as a result of the unique arrangement of permanent magnets. As the axial and thrust bearing aspects are derived from magnetic repulsion, it is not immediately clear that the repulsion is stiff enough to enable even low power motors. This paper describes the design and performance of two low power motors based on the magnetic levitation support. We find that our low power motors, with rotational speeds of 618 and 833 rpms, exhibit performance free from excess vibrations that might hinder performance. This means that the actuation of the motors is adequately stabilized by the axle and results in motors capable of being utilized despite the levitation support. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levitating%20motor" title="levitating motor">levitating motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20levitation%20support" title=" magnetic levitation support"> magnetic levitation support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fitness" title=" fitness"> fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle" title=" axle"> axle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24674/reduced-vibration-in-a-levitating-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4072</span> Compilation of Load Spectrum of Loader Drive Axle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Yongxiang">Wei Yongxiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhu%20Haoyue"> Zhu Haoyue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tang%20Heng"> Tang Heng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Qunwei"> Yuan Qunwei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the preparation method of gear fatigue load spectrum for loaders, the load signal of four typical working conditions of loader is collected. The signal that reflects the law of load change is obtained by preprocessing the original signal. The torque of the drive axle is calculated by using the rain flow counting method. According to the operating time ratio of each working condition, the two-dimensional load spectrum based on the real working conditions of the drive axle of loader is established by the cycle extrapolation and synthesis method. The two-dimensional load spectrum is converted into one-dimensional load spectrum by means of the mean of torque equal damage method. Torque amplification includes the maximum load torque of the main reduction gear. Based on the theory of equal damage, the accelerated cycles are calculated. In this way, the load spectrum of the loading condition of the drive axle is prepared to reflect loading condition of the loader. The load spectrum can provide reference for fatigue life test and life prediction of loader drive axle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20spectrum" title="load spectrum">load spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle" title=" axle"> axle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torque" title=" torque"> torque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rain-flow%20counting%20method" title=" rain-flow counting method"> rain-flow counting method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrapolation" title=" extrapolation"> extrapolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78796/compilation-of-load-spectrum-of-loader-drive-axle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4071</span> Modeling of Crack Growth in Railway Axles under Static Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zellagui%20Redouane">Zellagui Redouane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bellaouar%20Ahmed"> Bellaouar Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lachi%20Mohammed"> Lachi Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The railway axles are the essential parts in the bogie of train, and its failure creates a big problem in the railway transport; during the work of this parts we noticed a premature deterioration. The aim has been presented a predictive model allowing the identification of the probable causes that are the cause of these premature deterioration. The results are employed for predicting fatigue crack growth in the railway axle, Also we want to present the variation value of stress intensity factor in different positions of elliptical crack tip. The modeling of axle in performed by the SOLID WORKS software and imported into ANSYS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20growth" title="crack growth">crack growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20load" title=" static load"> static load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20axle" title=" railway axle"> railway axle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lifetime" title=" lifetime"> lifetime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63837/modeling-of-crack-growth-in-railway-axles-under-static-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4070</span> Simulative Study of the Influence of Degraded Twin-Tube Shock Absorbers on the Lateral Forces of Vehicle Axles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Schramm">Tobias Schramm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCnther%20Prokop"> Günther Prokop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Degraded vehicle shock absorbers represent a risk for road safety. The exact effect of degraded vehicle dampers on road safety is still the subject of research. This work is intended to contribute to estimating the effect of degraded twin-tube dampers of passenger cars on road safety. An axle model was built using a damper model to simulate different degradation levels. To parameterize the model, a realistic parameter space was estimated based on test rig measurements and database analyses, which is intended to represent the vehicle field in Germany. Within the parameter space, simulations of the axle model were carried out, which calculated the transmittable lateral forces of the various axle configurations as a function of vehicle speed, road surface, damper conditions and axle parameters. A degraded damper has the greatest effect on the transmittable lateral forces at high speeds and in poor road conditions. If a vehicle is traveling at a speed of 100 kph on a Class D road, a degraded damper reduces the transmissible lateral forces of an axle by 20 % on average. For individual parameter configurations, this value can rise to 50 %. The axle parameters that most influence the effect of a degraded damper are the vertical stiffness of the tire, the unsprung mass and the stabilizer stiffness of the axle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20dynamics" title="vehicle dynamics">vehicle dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20simulation" title=" vehicle simulation"> vehicle simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20component%20degradation" title=" vehicle component degradation"> vehicle component degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20model" title=" shock absorber model"> shock absorber model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20degradation" title=" shock absorber degradation"> shock absorber degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154108/simulative-study-of-the-influence-of-degraded-twin-tube-shock-absorbers-on-the-lateral-forces-of-vehicle-axles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4069</span> Clarifications on the Damping Mechanism Related to the Hunting Motion of the Wheel Axle of a High-Speed Railway Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barenten%20Suciu">Barenten Suciu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to explain the damping mechanism, related to the hunting motion of the wheel axle of a high-speed railway vehicle, a generalized dynamic model is proposed. Based on such model, analytic expressions for the damping coefficient and damped natural frequency are derived, without imposing restrictions on the ratio between the lateral and vertical creep coefficients. Influence of the travelling speed, wheel conicity, dimensionless mass of the wheel axle, ratio of the creep coefficients, ratio of the track span to the yawing diameter, etc. on the damping coefficient and damped natural frequency, is clarified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-speed%20railway%20vehicle" title="high-speed railway vehicle">high-speed railway vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hunting%20motion" title=" hunting motion"> hunting motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheel%20axle" title=" wheel axle"> wheel axle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping" title=" damping"> damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20model" title=" vibration model"> vibration model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis." title=" analysis."> analysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78472/clarifications-on-the-damping-mechanism-related-to-the-hunting-motion-of-the-wheel-axle-of-a-high-speed-railway-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4068</span> Measured versus Default Interstate Traffic Data in New Mexico, USA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hasan">M. A. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Islam"> M. R. Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Tarefder"> R. A. Tarefder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates how the site specific traffic data differs from the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Software default values. Two Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) stations were installed in Interstate-40 (I-40) and Interstate-25 (I-25) to developed site specific data. A computer program named WIM Data Analysis Software (WIMDAS) was developed using Microsoft C-Sharp (.Net) for quality checking and processing of raw WIM data. A complete year data from November 2013 to October 2014 was analyzed using the developed WIM Data Analysis Program. After that, the vehicle class distribution, directional distribution, lane distribution, monthly adjustment factor, hourly distribution, axle load spectra, average number of axle per vehicle, axle spacing, lateral wander distribution, and wheelbase distribution were calculated. Then a comparative study was done between measured data and AASHTOWare default values. It was found that the measured general traffic inputs for I-40 and I-25 significantly differ from the default values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AASHTOWare" title="AASHTOWare">AASHTOWare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic" title=" traffic"> traffic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weigh-in-motion" title=" weigh-in-motion"> weigh-in-motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20load%20distribution" title=" axle load distribution"> axle load distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42451/measured-versus-default-interstate-traffic-data-in-new-mexico-usa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4067</span> Reliability Analysis for Cyclic Fatigue Life Prediction in Railroad Bolt Hole </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Keshavarzian">Hasan Keshavarzian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayebeh%20Nesari"> Tayebeh Nesari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bolted rail joint is one of the most vulnerable areas in railway track. A comprehensive approach was developed for studying the reliability of fatigue crack initiation of railroad bolt hole under random axle loads and random material properties. The operation condition was also considered as stochastic variables. In order to obtain the comprehensive probability model of fatigue crack initiation life prediction in railroad bolt hole, we used FEM, response surface method (RSM), and reliability analysis. Combined energy-density based and critical plane based fatigue concept is used for the fatigue crack prediction. The dynamic loads were calculated according to the axle load, speed, and track properties. The results show that axle load is most sensitive parameter compared to Poisson’s ratio in fatigue crack initiation life. Also, the reliability index decreases slowly due to high cycle fatigue regime in this area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail-wheel%20tribology" title="rail-wheel tribology">rail-wheel tribology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20contact%20mechanic" title=" rolling contact mechanic"> rolling contact mechanic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20modeling" title=" finite element modeling"> finite element modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20analysis" title=" reliability analysis"> reliability analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63597/reliability-analysis-for-cyclic-fatigue-life-prediction-in-railroad-bolt-hole" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4066</span> Neural Network Approach to Classifying Truck Traffic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ren%20Moses">Ren Moses</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The process of classifying vehicles on a highway is hereby viewed as a pattern recognition problem in which connectionist techniques such as artificial neural networks (ANN) can be used to assign vehicles to their correct classes and hence to establish optimum axle spacing thresholds. In the United States, vehicles are typically classified into 13 classes using a methodology commonly referred to as “Scheme F”. In this research, the ANN model was developed, trained, and applied to field data of vehicles. The data comprised of three vehicular features—axle spacing, number of axles per vehicle, and overall vehicle weight. The ANN reduced the classification error rate from 9.5 percent to 6.2 percent when compared to an existing classification algorithm that is not ANN-based and which uses two vehicular features for classification, that is, axle spacing and number of axles. The inclusion of overall vehicle weight as a third classification variable further reduced the error rate from 6.2 percent to only 3.0 percent. The promising results from the neural networks were used to set up new thresholds that reduce classification error rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20classification" title=" vehicle classification"> vehicle classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20flow" title=" traffic flow"> traffic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20analysis" title=" traffic analysis"> traffic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20highway%20opera-tions" title=" and highway opera-tions"> and highway opera-tions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15762/neural-network-approach-to-classifying-truck-traffic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4065</span> Double Row Taper Roller Bearing Wheel-end System in Rigid Rear Drive Axle in Heavy Duty SUV Passenger Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Imtiaz%20S">Mohd Imtiaz S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurabh%20Jain"> Saurabh Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pothiraj%20K."> Pothiraj K.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today’s highly competitive passenger vehicle market, comfortable driving experience is one of the key parameters significantly weighed by the customer. Smooth ride and handling of the vehicle with exceptionally reliable wheel end solution is a paramount requirement in passenger Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) vehicles subjected to challenging terrains and loads with rigid rear drive axle configuration. Traditional wheel-end bearing systems in passenger segment rigid rear drive axle utilizes the semi-floating layout, which imparts vertical bending loads and torsion to the axle shafts. The wheel-end bearing is usually a Single or Double Row Deep-Groove Ball Bearing (DRDGBB) or Double Row Angular Contact Ball Bearing (DRACBB). This solution is cost effective and simple in architecture. However, it lacks effectiveness against the heavy loads subjected to a SUV vehicle, especially the axial trust at high-speed cornering. This paper describes the solution of Double Row Taper Roller Bearing (DRTRB) wheel-end for a SUV vehicle in the rigid rear drive axle and improvement in terms of maximizing its load carrying capacity along with better reliability in terms of axial thrust in high-speed cornering. It describes the advantage of geometry of DRTRB over DRDGBB and DRACBB highlighting contact and load flow. The paper also highlights the vehicle level considerations affecting the B10 life of the bearing system for better selection of the DRTRB wheel-ends systems. This paper also describes real time vehicle level results along with theoretical improvements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20thrust" title="axial thrust">axial thrust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=b10%20life" title=" b10 life"> b10 life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep-groove%20ball%20bearing" title=" deep-groove ball bearing"> deep-groove ball bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taper%20roller%20bearing" title=" taper roller bearing"> taper roller bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-floating%20layout." title=" semi-floating layout."> semi-floating layout.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169297/double-row-taper-roller-bearing-wheel-end-system-in-rigid-rear-drive-axle-in-heavy-duty-suv-passenger-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4064</span> Height of Highway Embankment for Tolerable Residual Settlement of Loose Cohesionless Subsoil Overlain by Stronger Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharifullah%20Ahmed">Sharifullah Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Residual settlement of cohesionless or non-plastic soil of different strength underlying highway embankment overlain by stronger soil layer highway embankment is studied. A parametric study is carried out for different height of embankment and for different ESAL factor. The sum of elastic settlements of cohesionless subsoil due to axle induced stress and due to self-weight of pavement layers is termed as the residual settlement. The values of residual settlement (Sr) for different heights of road embankment (He) are obtained and presented as design charts for different SPT Value (N60) and ESAL factor. For rigid pavement and flexible pavement in approach to bridge or culvert, the tolerable residual settlement is 0.100m. This limit is taken as 0.200m for flexible pavement in general sections of highway without approach to bridge or culvert. A simplified guideline is developed for design of highway embankment underlain by very loose to loose cohesionless subsoil overlain by a stronger soil layer for limiting value of the residual settlement. In the current research study range of ESAL factor is 1-10 and range of SPT value (N60) is 1-10. That is found that, ground improvement is not required if the overlying stronger layer is minimum 1.5m and 4.0m for general road section of flexible pavement except bridge or culvert approach and for rigid pavement or flexible pavement in bridge or culvert approach. Tables and charts are included in the prepared guideline to obtain minimum allowable height of highway embankment to limit the residual settlement with in mentioned tolerable limit. Allowable values of the embankment height (He) are obtained corresponding to tolerable or limiting level of the residual settlement of loose subsoil for different SPT value, thickness of stronger layer (d) and ESAL factor. The developed guideline is may be issued to be used in assessment of the necessity of ground improvement in case of cohesionless subsoil underlying highway embankment overlain by stronger subsoil layer for limiting residual settlement. The ground improvement is only to be required if the residual settlement of subsoil is more than tolerable limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20pressure" title="axle pressure">axle pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20single%20axle%20load" title=" equivalent single axle load"> equivalent single axle load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20improvement" title=" ground improvement"> ground improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highway%20embankment" title=" highway embankment"> highway embankment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerable%20residual%20settlement" title=" tolerable residual settlement"> tolerable residual settlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155761/height-of-highway-embankment-for-tolerable-residual-settlement-of-loose-cohesionless-subsoil-overlain-by-stronger-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4063</span> Damping and Stability Evaluation for the Dynamical Hunting Motion of the Bullet Train Wheel Axle Equipped with Cylindrical Wheel Treads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barenten%20Suciu">Barenten Suciu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Classical matrix calculus and Routh-Hurwitz stability conditions, applied to the snake-like motion of the conical wheel axle, lead to the conclusion that the hunting mode is inherently unstable, and its natural frequency is a complex number. In order to analytically solve such a complicated vibration model, either the inertia terms were neglected, in the model designated as geometrical, or restrictions on the creep coefficients and yawing diameter were imposed, in the so-called dynamical model. Here, an alternative solution is proposed to solve the hunting mode, based on the observation that the bullet train wheel axle is equipped with cylindrical wheels. One argues that for such wheel treads, the geometrical hunting is irrelevant, since its natural frequency becomes nil, but the dynamical hunting is significant since its natural frequency reduces to a real number. Moreover, one illustrates that the geometrical simplification of the wheel causes the stabilization of the hunting mode, since the characteristic quartic equation, derived for conical wheels, reduces to a quadratic equation of positive coefficients, for cylindrical wheels. Quite simple analytical expressions for the damping ratio and natural frequency are obtained, without applying restrictions into the model of contact. Graphs of the time-depending hunting lateral perturbation, including the maximal and inflexion points, are presented both for the critically-damped and the over-damped wheel axles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullet%20train" title="bullet train">bullet train</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylindrical%20wheels" title=" cylindrical wheels"> cylindrical wheels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping" title=" damping"> damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamical%20hunting" title=" dynamical hunting"> dynamical hunting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20analysis" title=" vibration analysis"> vibration analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96999/damping-and-stability-evaluation-for-the-dynamical-hunting-motion-of-the-bullet-train-wheel-axle-equipped-with-cylindrical-wheel-treads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4062</span> Valuation on MEMS Pressure Sensors and Device Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ong%20Kai%20Sheng"> Ong Kai Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEMS pressure sensor has been introduced and presented in this paper. The types of pressure sensor and its theory of operation are also included. The latest MEMS technology, the fabrication processes of pressure sensor are explored and discussed. Besides, various device applications of pressure sensor such as tire pressure monitoring system, diesel particulate filter and others are explained. Due to further miniaturization of the device nowadays, the pressure sensor with nanotechnology (NEMS) is also reviewed. The NEMS pressure sensor is expected to have better performance as well as lower in its cost. It has gained an excellent popularity in many applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensor" title="pressure sensor">pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaphragm" title=" diaphragm"> diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20application" title=" automotive application"> automotive application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20application" title=" biomedical application"> biomedical application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NEMS" title=" NEMS"> NEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395/valuation-on-mems-pressure-sensors-and-device-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4061</span> Improving the Design of Blood Pressure and Blood Saturation Monitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Parisi">L. Parisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A blood pressure monitor or sphygmomanometer can be either manual or automatic, employing respectively either the auscultatory method or the oscillometric method. The manual version of the sphygmomanometer involves an inflatable cuff with a stethoscope adopted to detect the sounds generated by the arterial walls to measure blood pressure in an artery. An automatic sphygmomanometer can be effectively used to monitor blood pressure through a pressure sensor, which detects vibrations provoked by oscillations of the arterial walls. The pressure sensor implemented in this device improves the accuracy of the measurements taken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title="blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20saturation" title=" blood saturation"> blood saturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensors" title=" sensors"> sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuators" title=" actuators"> actuators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20improvement" title=" design improvement"> design improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14649/improving-the-design-of-blood-pressure-and-blood-saturation-monitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4060</span> Signal Processing of the Blood Pressure and Characterization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadj%20Abd%20El%20Kader%20Benghenia">Hadj Abd El Kader Benghenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fethi%20Bereksi%20Reguig"> Fethi Bereksi Reguig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In clinical medicine, blood pressure, raised blood hemodynamic monitoring is rich pathophysiological information of cardiovascular system, of course described through factors such as: blood volume, arterial compliance and peripheral resistance. In this work, we are interested in analyzing these signals to propose a detection algorithm to delineate the different sequences and especially systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the wave and dicrotic to do their analysis in order to extract the cardiovascular parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title="blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SBP" title=" SBP"> SBP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DBP" title=" DBP"> DBP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection%20algorithm" title=" detection algorithm"> detection algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9946/signal-processing-of-the-blood-pressure-and-characterization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4059</span> Calibration Methods of Direct and Indirect Reading Pressure Sensor and Uncertainty Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinem%20O.%20Aktan">Sinem O. Aktan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Y.%20Akkurt"> Musa Y. Akkurt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experimental pressure calibration methods can be classified into three areas: (1) measurements in liquid or gas systems, (2) measurements in static-solid media systems, and (3) measurements in dynamic shock systems. Fluid (liquid and gas) systems high accuracies can be obtainable and commonly used for the calibration method of a pressure sensor. Pressure calibrations can be performed for metrological traceability in two ways, which are on-site (field) and in the laboratory. Laboratory and on-site calibration procedures and the requirements of the DKD-R-6-1 and Euramet cg-17 guidelines will also be addressed. In this study, calibration methods of direct and indirect reading pressure sensor and measurement uncertainty contributions will be explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20metrology" title="pressure metrology">pressure metrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20calibration" title=" pressure calibration"> pressure calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dead-weight%20tester" title=" dead-weight tester"> dead-weight tester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20uncertainty" title=" pressure uncertainty"> pressure uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128491/calibration-methods-of-direct-and-indirect-reading-pressure-sensor-and-uncertainty-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4058</span> Investigation and Analysis on Pore Pressure Variation by Sonic Impedance under Influence of Compressional, Shear, and Stonely Waves in High Pressure Zones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouri">Nouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K."> K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghassem%20Alaskari"> Ghassem Alaskari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M."> M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K."> K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amiri%20Hazaveh"> Amiri Hazaveh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A."> A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabi%20Bidhendi"> Nabi Bidhendi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M."> M. </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pore pressure is one on the key Petrophysical parameter in exploration discussion and survey on hydrocarbon reservoir. Determination of pore pressure in various levels of drilling and integrity of drilling mud and high pressure zones in order to restrict blow-out and following damages are significant. The pore pressure is obtained by seismic and well logging data. In this study the pore pressure and over burden pressure through the matrix stress and Tarzaqi equation and other related formulas are calculated. By making a comparison on variation of density log in over normal pressure zones with change of sonic impedance under influence of compressional, shear, and Stonely waves, the correlation level of sonic impedance with density log is studied. The level of correlation and variation trend is recorded in sonic impedance under influence Stonely wave with density log that key factor in recording of over burden pressure and pore pressure in Tarzaqi equation is high. The transition time is in divert relation with porosity and fluid type in the formation and as a consequence to the pore pressure. The density log is a key factor in determination of pore pressure therefore sonic impedance under Stonley wave is denotes well the identification of high pressure besides other used factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pore%20pressure" title="pore pressure">pore pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stonely%20wave" title=" stonely wave"> stonely wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20log" title=" density log"> density log</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonic%20impedance" title=" sonic impedance"> sonic impedance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20zone" title=" high pressure zone"> high pressure zone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14187/investigation-and-analysis-on-pore-pressure-variation-by-sonic-impedance-under-influence-of-compressional-shear-and-stonely-waves-in-high-pressure-zones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4057</span> Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Pressure through Radial Velocity Difference in Arterial Blood Modeled by Drift Flux Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aicha%20Rima%20Cheniti">Aicha Rima Cheniti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20Besbes"> Hatem Besbes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Haggege"> Joseph Haggege</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christophe%20Sintes"> Christophe Sintes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we are interested to determine the carbon dioxide pressure in the arterial blood through radial velocity difference. The blood was modeled as a two phase mixture (an aqueous carbon dioxide solution with carbon dioxide gas) by Drift flux model and the Young-Laplace equation. The distributions of mixture velocities determined from the considered model permitted the calculation of the radial velocity distributions with different values of mean mixture pressure and the calculation of the mean carbon dioxide pressure knowing the mean mixture pressure. The radial velocity distributions are used to deduce a calculation method of the mean mixture pressure through the radial velocity difference between two positions which is measured by ultrasound. The mean carbon dioxide pressure is then deduced from the mean mixture pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20carbon%20dioxide%20pressure" title="mean carbon dioxide pressure">mean carbon dioxide pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20mixture%20pressure" title=" mean mixture pressure"> mean mixture pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture%20velocity" title=" mixture velocity"> mixture velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20velocity%20difference" title=" radial velocity difference"> radial velocity difference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51601/evaluation-of-carbon-dioxide-pressure-through-radial-velocity-difference-in-arterial-blood-modeled-by-drift-flux-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4056</span> Design of Saddle Support for Horizontal Pressure Vessel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Kumar">Vinod Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navin%20Kumar"> Navin Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surjit%20Angra"> Surjit Angra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prince%20Sharma"> Prince Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the design analysis of saddle support of a horizontal pressure vessel. Since saddle have the vital role to support the pressure vessel and to maintain its stability, it should be designed in such a way that it can afford the vessel load and internal pressure of the vessel due to liquid contained in the vessel. A model of horizontal pressure vessel and saddle support is created in Ansys. Stresses are calculated using mathematical approach and Ansys software. The analysis reveals the zone of high localized stress at the junction part of the pressure vessel and saddle support due to operating conditions. The results obtained by both the methods are compared with allowable stress value for safe designing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANSYS" title="ANSYS">ANSYS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20vessel" title=" pressure vessel"> pressure vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saddle" title=" saddle"> saddle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support" title=" support"> support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14966/design-of-saddle-support-for-horizontal-pressure-vessel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">742</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4055</span> Metal Berthelot Tubes with Windows for Observing Cavitation under Static Negative Pressure </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Hiro">K. Hiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Imai"> Y. Imai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Sasayama"> T. Sasayama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cavitation under static negative pressure is not revealed well. The Berthelot method to generate such negative pressure can be a means to study cavitation inception. In this study, metal Berthelot tubes built in observation windows are newly developed and are checked whether high static negative pressure is generated or not. Negative pressure in the tube with a pair of a corundum plate and an aluminum gasket increased with temperature cycles. The trend was similar to that as reported before. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berthelot%20method" title="Berthelot method">Berthelot method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation" title=" cavitation"> cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20pressure" title=" negative pressure"> negative pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observation" title=" observation"> observation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48683/metal-berthelot-tubes-with-windows-for-observing-cavitation-under-static-negative-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4054</span> Design of Impedance Box to Study Fluid Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20AlJimaz">K. AlJimaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdullah"> A. Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdulsalam"> A. Abdulsalam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ebdah"> K. Ebdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdalrasheed"> A. Abdalrasheed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding flow distribution and head losses is essential to design and calculate Thermo fluid parameters in order to reduce the pressure to a certain required pressure. This paper discusses the ways acquired in design and simulation to create and design an impedance box that reduces pressure. It's controlled by specific scientific principles such as Bernoulli’s principle and conservation of mass. In this paper, the design is made using SOLIDWORKS, and the simulation is done using ANSYS software to solve differential equations and study the parameters in the 3D model, also to understand how the design of this box reduced the pressure. The design was made so that fluid enters at a certain pressure of 3000 Pa in a single inlet; then, it exits from six outlets at a pressure of 300 Pa with respect to the conservation of mass principle. The effect of the distribution of flow and the head losses has been noticed that it has an impact on reducing the pressure since other factors, such as friction, were neglected and also the temperature, which was constant. The design showed that the increase in length and diameter of the pipe helped to reduce the pressure, and the head losses contributed significantly to reduce the pressure to 10% of the original pressure (from 3000 Pa to 300 Pa) at the outlets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=box" title="box">box</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D" title=" 3D"> 3D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160561/design-of-impedance-box-to-study-fluid-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4053</span> Investigating Effects of Vehicle Speed and Road PSDs on Response of a 35-Ton Heavy Commercial Vehicle (HCV) Using Mathematical Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20G.%20Kurian">Amal G. Kurian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of mathematical modeling has seen a considerable boost in recent times with the development of many advanced algorithms and mathematical modeling capabilities. The advantages this method has over other methods are that they are much closer to standard physics theories and thus represent a better theoretical model. They take lesser solving time and have the ability to change various parameters for optimization, which is a big advantage, especially in automotive industry. This thesis work focuses on a thorough investigation of the effects of vehicle speed and road roughness on a heavy commercial vehicle ride and structural dynamic responses. Since commercial vehicles are kept in operation continuously for longer periods of time, it is important to study effects of various physical conditions on the vehicle and its user. For this purpose, various experimental as well as simulation methodologies, are adopted ranging from experimental transfer path analysis to various road scenario simulations. To effectively investigate and eliminate several causes of unwanted responses, an efficient and robust technique is needed. Carrying forward this motivation, the present work focuses on the development of a mathematical model of a 4-axle configuration heavy commercial vehicle (HCV) capable of calculating responses of the vehicle on different road PSD inputs and vehicle speeds. Outputs from the model will include response transfer functions and PSDs and wheel forces experienced. A MATLAB code will be developed to implement the objectives in a robust and flexible manner which can be exploited further in a study of responses due to various suspension parameters, loading conditions as well as vehicle dimensions. The thesis work resulted in quantifying the effect of various physical conditions on ride comfort of the vehicle. An increase in discomfort is seen with velocity increase; also the effect of road profiles has a considerable effect on comfort of the driver. Details of dominant modes at each frequency are analysed and mentioned in work. The reduction in ride height or deflection of tire and suspension with loading along with load on each axle is analysed and it is seen that the front axle supports a greater portion of vehicle weight while more of payload weight comes on fourth and third axles. The deflection of the vehicle is seen to be well inside acceptable limits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title="mathematical modeling">mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCV" title=" HCV"> HCV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspension" title=" suspension"> suspension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ride%20analysis" title=" ride analysis"> ride analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139231/investigating-effects-of-vehicle-speed-and-road-psds-on-response-of-a-35-ton-heavy-commercial-vehicle-hcv-using-mathematical-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4052</span> Measurement of Reverse Flow Generated at Cold Exit of Vortex Tube </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hazwan%20bin%20Yusof">Mohd Hazwan bin Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroshi%20Katanoda"> Hiroshi Katanoda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to clarify the structure of the cold flow discharged from the vortex tube (VT), the pressure of the cold flow was measured, and a simple flow visualization technique using a 0.75 mm-diameter needle and an oily paint is made to study the reverse flow at the cold exit. It is clear that a negative pressure and positive pressure region exist at a certain pressure and cold fraction area, and that a reverse flow is observed in the negative pressure region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20visualization" title="flow visualization">flow visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20measurement" title=" pressure measurement"> pressure measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20flow" title=" reverse flow"> reverse flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20tube" title=" vortex tube"> vortex tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10289/measurement-of-reverse-flow-generated-at-cold-exit-of-vortex-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4051</span> Novel Animal Drawn Wheel-Axle Mechanism Actuated Knapsack Boom Sprayer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20O.%20Abdulmalik">Ibrahim O. Abdulmalik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20C.%20Amonye"> Michael C. Amonye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Makoyo"> Mahdi Makoyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manual knapsack sprayer is the most popular means of farm spraying in Nigeria. It has its limitations. Apart from the human fatigue, which leads to unsteady walking steps, their field capacities are small. They barely cover about 0.2hectare per hour. Their small swath implies that a sizeable farm would take several days to cover. Weather changes are erratic and often it is desired to spray a large farm within hours or few days for even effect, uniformity and to avoid adverse weather interference. It is also often required that a large farm be covered within a short period to avoid re-emergence of weeds before crop emergence. Deployment of many knapsack operators to large farms has not been successful. Human error in taking equally spaced swaths usually result in over dosage of overlaps and in unapplied areas due to error at edges overlaps. Large farm spraying require boom equipment with larger swath. Reduced error in swath overlaps and spraying within the shortest possible time are then assured. Tractor boom sprayers would readily overcome these problems and achieve greater coverage, but they are not available in the country. Tractor hire for cultivation is very costly with the attendant lack of spare parts and specialized technicians for maintenance wherefore farmers find it difficult to engage tractors for cultivation and would avoid considering the employment of a tractor boom sprayer. Animal traction in farming is predominant in Nigeria, especially in the Northern part of the country. Development of boom sprayers drawn by work animals surely implies the maximization of animal utilization in farming. The Hydraulic Equipment Development Institute, Kano, in keeping to its mandate of targeted R&D in hydraulic and pneumatic systems, has developed an Animal Drawn Knapsack Boom Sprayer with four nozzles using the axle mechanism of a two wheeled cart to actuate the piston pump of two knapsack sprayers in line with appropriate technology demand of the country. It is hoped that the introduction of this novel contrivance shall enhance crop protection practice and lead to greater crop and food production in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boom" title="boom">boom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knapsack" title=" knapsack"> knapsack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm" title=" farm"> farm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprayer" title=" sprayer"> sprayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheel%20axle" title=" wheel axle "> wheel axle </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27405/novel-animal-drawn-wheel-axle-mechanism-actuated-knapsack-boom-sprayer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4050</span> Design and Simulation of MEMS-Based Capacitive Pressure Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirankumar%20B.%20Balavalad">Kirankumar B. Balavalad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhagyashree%20Mudhol"> Bhagyashree Mudhol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20G.%20Sheeparamatti"> B. G. Sheeparamatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MEMS sensor have gained popularity in automotive, biomedical, and industrial applications. In this paper, the design and simulation of conventional, slotted, and perforated MEMS capacitive pressure sensor is proposed. Polysilicon material is used as diaphragm material that deflects due to applied pressure. Better sensitivity is the main advantage of conventional pressure sensor as compared with other two sensors and perforated pressure sensor achieves large operating pressure range. The proposed MEMS sensor demonstrated with diaphragm length 50um, gap depth 3um is being modelled. The simulation is carried out for different types of MEMS capacitive pressure sensor using COMSOL Multiphysics and Coventor ware. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20pressure%20sensor" title=" conventional pressure sensor"> conventional pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slotted%20and%20perforated%20diaphragm" title=" slotted and perforated diaphragm"> slotted and perforated diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COMSOL%20multiphysics" title=" COMSOL multiphysics"> COMSOL multiphysics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coventor%20ware" title=" coventor ware"> coventor ware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33090/design-and-simulation-of-mems-based-capacitive-pressure-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4049</span> The Universal Theory: Role of Imaginary Pressure on Different Relative Motions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahib%20Dino%20Naseerani">Sahib Dino Naseerani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presented scientific text discusses the concept of imaginary pressure and its role in different relative motions. It explores how imaginary pressure, which is the combined effect of external atmospheric pressure and real pressure, affects various substances and their physical properties. The study aims to understand the impact of imaginary pressure and its potential applications in different contexts, such as spaceflight. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of imaginary pressure on different relative motions. Specifically, the researchers aim to examine how imaginary pressure affects the contraction and mass variation of a body when it is in motion at the speed of light. The study seeks to provide insights into the behavior and consequences of imaginary pressure in various scenarios. The data was collected using three research papers. This research contributes to a better understanding of the theoretical implications of imaginary pressure. It elucidates how imaginary pressure is responsible for the contraction and mass variation of a body in motion, particularly at the speed of light. The findings shed light on the behavior of substances under the influence of imaginary pressure, providing valuable insights for future scientific studies. The study addresses the question of how imaginary pressure influences various relative motions and their associated physical properties. It aims to understand the role of imaginary pressure in the contraction and mass variation of a body, particularly at high speeds. By examining different substances in liquid and solid forms, the research explores the consequences of imaginary pressure on their volume, length, and mass. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaginary%20pressure" title="imaginary pressure">imaginary pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraction" title=" contraction"> contraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation" title=" variation"> variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20motion" title=" relative motion"> relative motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169526/the-universal-theory-role-of-imaginary-pressure-on-different-relative-motions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4048</span> Evaluation of Longitudinal and Hoop Stresses and a Critical Study of Factor of Safety (FoS) in Design of a Glass-Fiber Pressure Vessel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainul%20Huda">Zainul Huda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hani%20Ajani">Mohammed Hani Ajani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design, manufacture, and operation of thin-walled pressure vessels must be based on maximum safe operating pressure and an adequate factor of safety (FoS). This research paper first reports experimental evaluation of longitudinal and hoops stresses based on working pressure as well as maximum pressure; and then includes a critical study of factor of safety (FoS) in the design of a glass fiber pressure vessel. Experimental work involved the use of measuring instruments and the readings from pressure gauges. Design calculations involved the computations of design stress and FoS; the latter was based on breaking strength of 55 MPa for the glass fiber (pressure-vessel material). The experimentally determined FoS value has been critically compared with the general FoS allowed in the design of glass fiber pressure vessels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin-walled%20pressure%20vessel" title="thin-walled pressure vessel">thin-walled pressure vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hoop%20stress" title=" hoop stress"> hoop stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20stress" title=" longitudinal stress"> longitudinal stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20of%20safety%20%28FoS%29" title=" factor of safety (FoS)"> factor of safety (FoS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiberglass" title=" fiberglass "> fiberglass </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22665/evaluation-of-longitudinal-and-hoop-stresses-and-a-critical-study-of-factor-of-safety-fos-in-design-of-a-glass-fiber-pressure-vessel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4047</span> Evaluation of Longitudinal and Hoops Stresses and a Critical Study of Factor of Safety (Fos) in the Design of a Glass-Fiber Pressure Vessel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainul%20Huda">Zainul Huda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hani%20Ajani"> Mohammad Hani Ajani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design, manufacture, and operation of thin-walled pressure vessels must be based on maximum safe operating pressure and an adequate factor of safety (FoS). This research paper first reports experimental evaluation of longitudinal and hoops stresses based on working pressure as well as maximum pressure; and then includes a critical study of factor of safety (FoS) in the design of a glass fiber pressure vessel. Experimental work involved the use of measuring instruments and the readings from pressure gauges. Design calculations involved the computations of design stress and FoS; the latter was based on breaking strength of 55 MPa for the glass fiber (pressure-vessel material). The experimentally determined FoS value has been critically compared with the general FoS allowed in the design of glass fiber pressure vessels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin-walled%20pressure%20vessel" title="thin-walled pressure vessel">thin-walled pressure vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hoop%20stress" title=" hoop stress"> hoop stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20stress" title=" longitudinal stress"> longitudinal stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20of%20safety%20%28FoS%29" title=" factor of safety (FoS)"> factor of safety (FoS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiberglass" title=" fiberglass"> fiberglass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24443/evaluation-of-longitudinal-and-hoops-stresses-and-a-critical-study-of-factor-of-safety-fos-in-the-design-of-a-glass-fiber-pressure-vessel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4046</span> Fracture Pressure Predict Based on Well Logs of Depleted Reservoir in Southern Iraqi Oilfield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raed%20H.%20Allawi">Raed H. Allawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Formation pressure is the most critical parameter in hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation. Specifically, predicting abnormal pressures (high formation pressures) and subnormal pressure zones can provide valuable information to minimize uncertainty for anticipated drilling challenges and risks. This study aims to interpret and delineate the pore and fracture pressure of the Mishrif reservoir in the southern Iraq Oilfield. The data required to implement this study included acoustic compression wave, gamma-ray, bulk density, and drilling events. Furthermore, supporting these models needs the pore pressure measurement from the Modular Formation Dynamics Tester (MDT). Many measured values of pore pressure were used to validate the accurate model. Using sonic velocity approaches, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was about 4%. The fracture pressure results were consistent with the measurement data, actual drilling report, and events. The model's results will be a guide for successful drilling in future wells in the same oilfield. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pore%20pressure" title="pore pressure">pore pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20pressure" title=" fracture pressure"> fracture pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overburden%20pressure" title=" overburden pressure"> overburden pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20stress" title=" effective stress"> effective stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling%20events" title=" drilling events"> drilling events</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161063/fracture-pressure-predict-based-on-well-logs-of-depleted-reservoir-in-southern-iraqi-oilfield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20pressure&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20pressure&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20pressure&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axle%20pressure&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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