CINXE.COM
Policy and Practice Briefs | Page 2 | Ecosystems Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA)
<!DOCTYPE html > <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="description" content="Find out how our research led to new insights on the complex connections between poverty and the environment…" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/results/policy-practice-briefs" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/node/90432" /> <title>Policy and Practice Briefs | Page 2 | Ecosystems Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA)</title> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/system/system.base.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/system/system.menus.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/system/system.messages.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/system/system.theme.css?qf77hi"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/jquery.ui.core.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/jquery.ui.theme.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/jquery.ui.datepicker.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/date/date_popup/themes/jquery.timeentry.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/jquery.ui.tabs.css?qf77hi"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/aggregator/aggregator.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/comment/comment.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/date/date_api/date.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/date/date_popup/themes/datepicker.1.7.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/date/date_repeat_field/date_repeat_field.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/field/theme/field.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/logintoboggan/logintoboggan.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/node/node.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/modules/user/user.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/calendar/css/calendar_multiday.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/views/css/views.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?qf77hi"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/ctools/css/ctools.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/shorten/shortener/shortener.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/contrib/custom_search/custom_search.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/js/featherlight.css?qf77hi"); </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/sidr/2.2.1/stylesheets/jquery.sidr.light.min.css" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/boilerplate.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/espa-main.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/design.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/style.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/menu.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/base-styles.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/layout.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/components/blocks.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/components/breadcrumb.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/components/buttons.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/components/search.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/components/tabs.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/blog.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/event.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/embedded-video.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/news-article.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/page.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/project.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/publications-biblio.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/training-materials.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/content-types/what-did-we-learn.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/base.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/biblio.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/countries-landing.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/events.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/impact-stories.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/landing-pages.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/multimedia.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/news-and-blogs.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/newsletters.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/projects-landing.css?qf77hi"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/project-people.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/project-pi.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/publications.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/rotating-banner.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/sidebar-quote.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/views/themes-landing.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/header.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/footer.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/sidebar.css?qf77hi"); @import url("https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/home.css?qf77hi"); </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <!--[if IE]> <link href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/css/espa-main-ie.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_Kd4BsnIT6T8vj1yoTIfotvk_bIOeY4Ndbdvl8ytcvjs.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_hRdz-j1OCF5d_88keEBcGNTNQ-JslHk42UoDcpjfybo.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_f_BpsloZtITWNBq8h8TQNh4SUGlZKD__yTkMLSN2_t8.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_e1ZFb8rq9GbL2qEuiguiiifAHMZ88cx1glaFojqudHo.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-337408-10", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("send", "pageview"); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_RNcfKWPre7GbrbfG5bZWD5TEirVU5nrQzNNuDTfbBZo.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/js/js_KJt4-ROLhVzgLCMGe_J7S5LrXdA9K4mQuPVYVYFHy6Y.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"gaia","theme_token":"KT6X6TLvmH_R8GyRxD7mFW6pxYQXKmvSVasVR4Kcp_E","js":{"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/sidr\/2.2.1\/jquery.sidr.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/1.10\/jquery.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/jquery.ui.widget.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/jquery.ui.datepicker.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/jquery.timeentry.pack.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/jquery.ui.tabs.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/spamspan\/spamspan.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/date_popup.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/shorten\/shortener\/shortener.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/custom_search\/js\/custom_search.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/select_with_style\/select_with_style\/select_with_style.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"0":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/js\/jquery.matchHeight.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/js\/featherlight.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/js\/core.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/js\/jquery.tabslet.min.js":1,"public:\/\/javascript_libraries\/projecttabs.txt":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.datepicker.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/themes\/jquery.timeentry.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.tabs.css":1,"modules\/aggregator\/aggregator.css":1,"modules\/comment\/comment.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_api\/date.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/themes\/datepicker.1.7.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_repeat_field\/date_repeat_field.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/logintoboggan\/logintoboggan.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/calendar\/css\/calendar_multiday.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/shorten\/shortener\/shortener.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/biblio\/biblio.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/custom_search\/custom_search.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/js\/featherlight.css":1,"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/sidr\/2.2.1\/stylesheets\/jquery.sidr.light.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/boilerplate.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/espa-main.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/design.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/style.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/menu.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/base-styles.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/layout.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/components\/blocks.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/components\/breadcrumb.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/components\/buttons.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/components\/search.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/components\/tabs.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/blog.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/event.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/embedded-video.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/news-article.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/page.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/project.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/publications-biblio.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/training-materials.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/content-types\/what-did-we-learn.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/base.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/biblio.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/countries-landing.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/events.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/impact-stories.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/landing-pages.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/multimedia.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/news-and-blogs.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/newsletters.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/projects-landing.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/project-people.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/project-pi.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/publications.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/rotating-banner.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/sidebar-quote.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/views\/themes-landing.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/header.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/footer.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/sidebar.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/gaia\/css\/home.css":1,"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700":1,"https:\/\/maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com\/font-awesome\/4.7.0\/css\/font-awesome.min.css":1}},"global_filter_1":["global-filter-1-field-themes","",1],"datePopup":{"edit-field-event-start-und-0-value-datepicker-popup-0":{"func":"datepicker","settings":{"changeMonth":true,"changeYear":true,"autoPopUp":"focus","closeAtTop":false,"speed":"immediate","firstDay":1,"dateFormat":"d M yy","yearRange":"-3:+3","fromTo":false,"syncEndDate":false,"defaultDate":"0y"}},"edit-field-event-start-und-0-value-timeEntry-popup-1":{"func":"timeEntry","settings":{"show24Hours":true,"showSeconds":false,"timeSteps":[1,1,0],"spinnerImage":"","fromTo":false}},"edit-field-event-start-und-0-value2-datepicker-popup-0":{"func":"datepicker","settings":{"changeMonth":true,"changeYear":true,"autoPopUp":"focus","closeAtTop":false,"speed":"immediate","firstDay":1,"dateFormat":"d M yy","yearRange":"-3:+3","fromTo":false,"syncEndDate":false,"defaultDate":"0y"}},"edit-field-event-start-und-0-value2-timeEntry-popup-1":{"func":"timeEntry","settings":{"show24Hours":true,"showSeconds":false,"timeSteps":[1,1,0],"spinnerImage":"","fromTo":false}}},"custom_search":{"form_target":"_self","solr":0},"espa":{"global_filters":{"tid":["","",""]}},"better_exposed_filters":{"views":{"impact_notes":{"displays":{"block_4":{"filters":[]}}},"sidebar_quote":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}},"biblio":{"displays":{"block_4":{"filters":[]}}}}},"googleanalytics":{"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/results\/policy-practice-briefs?page=1":true},"gmap":{"auto1map":{"mapstyles":"[{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#5ab031\u0022},{\u0022lightness\u0022:\u002274\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.stroke\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#5ab031\u0022},{\u0022lightness\u0022:\u002274\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels.text.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#444444\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative.country\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#5ab031\u0022},{\u0022lightness\u0022:\u002274\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative.country\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.stroke\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative.province\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#ff0000\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022administrative.province\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.stroke\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#f2f2f2\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022on\u0022},{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#5ab031\u0022},{\u0022lightness\u0022:\u002274\u0022},{\u0022gamma\u0022:\u00221.00\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#5ab031\u0022},{\u0022saturation\u0022:\u00220\u0022},{\u0022lightness\u0022:\u002274\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.stroke\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels.text\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022landscape.natural\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022poi\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022road\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022saturation\u0022:-100},{\u0022lightness\u0022:45},{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022road\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022road.highway\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022simplified\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022road.arterial\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels.icon\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit.line\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit.line\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit.station\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022transit.station\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#46bcec\u0022},{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022on\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.fill\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022color\u0022:\u0022#ffffff\u0022},{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022on\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022geometry.stroke\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels.text\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]},{\u0022featureType\u0022:\u0022water\u0022,\u0022elementType\u0022:\u0022labels.icon\u0022,\u0022stylers\u0022:[{\u0022visibility\u0022:\u0022off\u0022}]}]"}}}); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/js/respond.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-first page-node page-node- page-node-90432 node-type-page" > <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="header-wrap content-wrap"> <div id="header"> <div class="logo"> <a href="/"><img src="/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/images/logo.jpg" alt="ESPA - ecosystem services for poverty alleviation"></a> </div> <div class="header-right"> <div id="menu"> <div id="nav2"><h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul id="main-menu" class="links clearfix"><li class="menu-37614 first"><a href="/about">About</a></li> <li class="menu-37821"><a href="/projects">Projects</a></li> <li class="menu-39194"><a href="/espa-themes">Themes</a></li> <li class="menu-37827"><a href="/countries">Countries</a></li> <li class="menu-39218"><a href="/publications" title="">Publications</a></li> <li class="menu-39449"><a href="/multimedia" title="">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="menu-39244 last"><a href="/news-blogs" title="">News & Blogs</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="utility clearfix"> <div class="region region-utility"> <div id="block-search-form" class="block block-search"> <div class="content"> <form class="search-form" role="search" action="/results/policy-practice-briefs?page=1" method="post" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Search form</h2> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-block-form"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search-block-form--2">Search this site </label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." class="custom-search-box form-text" placeholder="" type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="search_block_form" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" /> </div> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit--5" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-4wViiDVGLqbjoGy0eSpJRqZr-XNHjros0l-9jvCXelU" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" /> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> <div id="block-block-53" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <ul class="social-icon-links"> <li class="twitter-icon"><a href="http://twitter.com/espadirectorate"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="youtube-icon"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/espa"><i class="fa fa-youtube-play" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="rss-icon"><a href="/rss.xml"><i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-hamburger-wrap visible-mobile"> <a href="#" class="mobile-hamburger">Menu <img src="/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/images/hamburger.png" /></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dropdown-menu clearfix"> <div class="content-wrap"> <div class="region region-header-bottom"> <div id="block-menu-block-12" class="block block-menu-block"> <div class="content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-12 menu-name-menu-header-dropdown-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-39219"><a href="/" title="">Grant Holders</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-39234"><a href="/grant-holders/communicating-your-research" title="">Communicate your research</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-39236"><a href="/funding/previous-call-documents" title="">Previous funding</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-39241"><a href="/" title="">Policy-makers & practitioners</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-39242"><a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/results/impact-stories" title="">Impact stories</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-39451"><a href="http://www.espa-headlines.ac.uk" title="">Policy summary: multiple languages</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-39245"><a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/results/policy-practice-briefs" title="">Policy & practice briefs</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-39221"><a href="/" title="">Researchers & academics</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-39240"><a href="/publications" title="">Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-39450"><a href="http://www.espa.ac.uk/book" title="">ESPA book</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-40262"><a href="http://www.espa.ac.uk/training" title="">Training materials </a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="blue"> <div class="content-wrap"> <section id="main" role="main" class="clearfix full-width"> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="title" id="page-title">Policy and Practice Briefs</h1> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div id="node-90432" class="node node-page clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-item even"><p>Find out how our research led to new insights on the complex connections between poverty and the environment…</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-views-impact-notes-block-4" class="block block-views"> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-impact-notes view-id-impact_notes view-display-id-block_4 impact-notes view-dom-id-b62b0b357d5404b2e7ec33006cd46863"> <div class="view-content"> <table class="views-view-grid cols-3"> <tbody> <tr > <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/making-most-peri-urban-ecosystem-services">Making the most of peri-urban ecosystem services</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/Bangladesh%20water%20Asian%20Development%20Bank_1.jpg?itok=FZw4TtIg" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">February 2018</span></div> <p>Ecosystem services are vital for peri-urban and urbanising areas, and the people who live within them. In contexts of rapid urbanisation, these services are under threat from redevelopment, pollution and overconsumption, and there are gaps in the policies and structures that should protect them. Despite these challenges, there are opportunities for local authorities and citizens to work together and join up policy with action on the ground.</p> <a href="/%20Making%20the%20most%20of%20peri-urban%20ecosystem%20services%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/Peri%20urban%20ecosystems%20web%20final%20%281%29.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=3286911" title="Peri urban ecosystems web final (1).pdf">Making the most of peri-urban ecosystem services</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/inter-disciplinary-modeling-pro-poor-policy-making">Inter-disciplinary modeling for pro-poor policy-making</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/8119773376_538963ecc9_z.jpg?itok=sPRXpBTe" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">November 2017</span></div> <p>The ESPA Deltas project <a href="http://www.espadeltas.net"> (www.espadeltas.net)</a> undertook an ambitious, interdisciplinary study to understand the ecosystems of coastal Bangladesh and the lives of the millions of people who benefit from them. A key aim was to make the findings available to decision-makers who are seeking to protect and improve the livelihoods and wellbeing of the people who live in this dynamic delta environment. The project’s many findings have been integrated into a sophisticated model, the Delta Dynamic Integrated Emulator Model (ΔDIEM).</p> <a href="/%20Tools%20and%20Frameworks%20Brief%20Deltas.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/Tools%20and%20Frameworks%20Brief%20Deltas.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=2060817">Tools and Frameworks Brief Deltas.pdf</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/realising-promise-tanzanias-wildlife-management-areas">Realising the promise of Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/Tanzania%20elephants%20credit%20Alex%20Berger.jpg?itok=Rdi2ENa6" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">November 2017</span></div> <p>Tanzania’s Community Wildlife Management Areas (CWMAs) – originally called Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) – were intended to benefit both people and wildlife. However, for their first two decades, CWMAs have been characterised by land conflict, wildlife damage to people and crops, lack of tourism potential and high administration costs among other negative impacts. Can rethinking how CWMAs are run bring about the benefits once promised?</p> <p>Key messages of this policy brief include:</p> <p>- Most CWMAs are not financially viable.</p> <a href="/%20Realising%20the%20promise%20of%20Tanzania%20Wildlife%20Management%20Areas.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/Realising%20the%20promise%20of%20Tanzania%20Wildlife%20Management%20Areas.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1503577">Realising the promise of Tanzania Wildlife Management Areas.pdf</a></span></a> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/biofuels-malawi-local-impacts">Biofuels in Malawi: local impacts</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/sugarcane%20farmer%20malawi_0.jpg?itok=LD0CEU8a" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">August 2017</span></div> <p>A new ESPA Policy & Practice Brief by Alexandros Gasparatos et al. assesses whether sugarcane and jatropha production have helped tackle poverty in rural Malawi. They conclude: Poverty alleviation and food security outcomes for those involved in the sugarcane sector vary but appear largely positive. Land use conversion for sugarcane production can have positive or negative environmental impacts. Policy-makers need to evaluate trade-offs across the different socioeconomic and environmental impacts to guide decisions that affect sugarcane development plans.</p> <a href="/%20Biofuels%20in%20Malawi_Local%20impacts.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/Biofuels%20in%20Malawi_Local%20impacts.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=2838988">Biofuels in Malawi_Local impacts.pdf</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/ensuring-participatory-and-pro-poor-pes-schemes">Ensuring participatory and pro-poor PES schemes</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/Nepal%20PES.PNG?itok=rHyuercA" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">April 2017</span></div> <p>Insights into Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) gained from research projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America supported by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. It offers lessons into how PES projects in Nepal can best be put into practice to improve Nepal’s environment sector and reduce poverty among Nepalese people.</p> <a href="/%20ESPA%20PES%20Brief.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA%20PES%20Brief.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1150083">ESPA PES Brief.pdf</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/best-practice">BEST Practice</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/BEST%20Image%20for%20Website.png?itok=WvkEQ9jZ" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">May 2014</span></div> <p>African drylands, like those in Kenya and Tanzania, are fast approaching a tipping point where grazing lands are becoming enclosed, thereby restricting mobility of livestock and adversely impacting livelihoods as well as driving drastic wildlife decline. BEST explores policy and economic incentives to re-balance the system.</p> <a href="/%20BEST%20Practice%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA-Evidence-Note-BEST-ESPA-PFG.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1014193" title="ESPA-Evidence-Note-BEST-ESPA-PFG.pdf">BEST Practice</a></span></a> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/good-science-better-impact">Good science, better impact</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/Asquith%20Image%20for%20Website.png?itok=OvxtHFOx" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">May 2014</span></div> <p>By taking a rigorous scientific process to monitoring and evaluating impacts, Fundación Natura Bolivia succeeded in both reducing its costs of doing business and providing evidence that it works. And this has stimulated wider uptake of Natura's pioneering approach.</p> <a href="/%20ESPA-Evidence-Note-Asquith-ESPA-PFG.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA-Evidence-Note-Asquith-ESPA-PFG.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1598923">ESPA-Evidence-Note-Asquith-ESPA-PFG.pdf</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/strength-numbers">Strength in Numbers</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/Sultana%20Image%20for%20Website.png?itok=2Z_mu2D3" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">March 2014</span></div> <p>Understanding how community rights and institutions affect poverty reduction and sustainability of ecosystem services.</p> <a href="/%20ESPA-Evidence-Note-Sultana-EIRG.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA-Evidence-Note-Sultana-EIRG.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1176241">ESPA-Evidence-Note-Sultana-EIRG.pdf</a></span></a> </td> <td > <div class="impact-title"><a href="/results/policy-practice-briefs/designing-research-development-impact">Designing Research for Development Impact</a></div> <img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/styles/impact_thumb/public/DDDAC%20Image%20for%20Website.png?itok=cdWWY7lG" width="200" height="150" alt="" /> <div class="impact-date"><span class="date-display-single">March 2014</span></div> <p>Good research unearths new knowledge, but often fails to get that knowledge into practice or policy. This ESPA project is ensuring impact by considering it in the research methodology from the outset and is integrating its findings into other programmes even as it is ongoing.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Featured image courtesy of the Institute of Development Studies</em></p> <a href="/%20ESPA-Evidence-Note-DDDAC-ESPA-2011.pdf%20"><span class="file"><img class="file-icon" alt="PDF icon" title="application/pdf" src="/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.espa.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA-Evidence-Note-DDDAC-ESPA-2011.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1272219">ESPA-Evidence-Note-DDDAC-ESPA-2011.pdf</a></span></a> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="element-invisible">Pages</h2><div class="item-list"><ul class="pager"><li class="pager-first first"><a title="Go to first page" href="/results/policy-practice-briefs">« first</a></li> <li class="pager-previous"><a title="Go to previous page" href="/results/policy-practice-briefs">‹ previous</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 1" href="/results/policy-practice-briefs">1</a></li> <li class="pager-current last">2</li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- /#main --> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-container" class="footer-container"> <div class="content-wrap"> <div class="footer-left"> <div class="footer-left-block"> <a href="/contact" class="button button--grey">Contact Us</a> </div> <div class="footer-left-block"> <ul class="footer-links"> <li><a href="/terms-use">Terms of use</a></li> <li><a href="/privacy-statement">Privacy and cookies</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-right"> <ul id="funder-logos"> <li> <a href="http://www.dfid.gov.uk/"><img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/images/logo-ukaid.png" alt="UKAID"></a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.nerc.ac.uk/"><img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/images/logo-nerc.png" alt="Natural Environment Research Council logo"></a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.esrc.ac.uk/"><img src="https://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/themes/contrib/gaia/images/logo-esrc.jpg" alt="ESRC"></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="footer-bottom"> © Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA). A research programme co-funded by DFID, NERC & ESRC </div> </div> </div> <div id="tablet-indicator"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/sidr/2.2.1/jquery.sidr.min.js"></script> </body> </html>