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class="firstHeading" lang="en">Elm Coulee Oil Field</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-head">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em"> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="fn org" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Elm Coulee</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <div class="center"> <div style="width:235px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <div style="width:235px;padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;width:235px"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USA_Montana_location_map.svg" class="image" title="Elm Coulee Oil Field is located in Montana"><img alt="Elm Coulee Oil Field is located in Montana" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/USA_Montana_location_map.svg/235px-USA_Montana_location_map.svg.png" width="235" height="175" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/USA_Montana_location_map.svg/353px-USA_Montana_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/USA_Montana_location_map.svg/470px-USA_Montana_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="893"/></a> <div style="position:absolute;top:28.347%;left:94.671%"> <div style="position:absolute;left:-4px;top:-4px;line-height:0"><img alt="Elm Coulee Oil Field" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" title="Elm Coulee Oil Field" width="8" height="8" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Location of Elm Coulee</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Country</th> <td><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Region</th> <td><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Location</th> <td class="label"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richland_County,_Montana" title="Richland County, Montana">Richland County</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Coordinates</th> <td><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Elm_Coulee_Oil_Field&params=48_2_33_N_104_27_58_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°2′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">104°27′58″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.04250°N 104.46611°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.04250; -104.46611</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Elm_Coulee_Oil_Field&params=48_2_33_N_104_27_58_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°2′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">104°27′58″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.04250°N 104.46611°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.04250; -104.46611</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Field history</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Discovery</th> <td>2000</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Production</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Current production of oil</th> <td>53,000 barrels per day (~2.6<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>6</sup> t/a)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Producing formations</th> <td><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakken_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakken formation">Bakken formation</a></td> </tr> </table> <p><b>Elm Coulee Oil Field</b> was discovered in the <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williston_Basin" title="Williston Basin">Williston Basin</a> in <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richland_County,_Montana" title="Richland County, Montana">Richland County</a>, eastern <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, in 2000. It produces oil from the <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakken_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakken formation">Bakken formation</a> and, as of 2007, was the "highest-producing onshore field found in the lower 48 states in the past 56 years."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> By 2007, the field had become one of the 20 largest oil fields in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>Geologist Richard Findley was undaunted by the failure of "horizontal" Bakken play of the early 1990s. This early attempt to exploit the Bakken Formation using horizontal drilling failed because the wells were placed in the shale members of the Bakken. Findley found that the dolomitic middle Bakken member in Montana had oil shows and porosity in sample cuttings, as well as porosity on well logs. Also, the porous middle Bakken member could be mapped over a large area in Montana, which Findley called a "Sleeping Giant". The Bakken formation had long been known to produce small amounts of oil throughout much of the deeper Williston Basin. Although the volume of oil recovered was commonly small, rare wells would produce large, economic volumes from the Bakken. Two wells in the future Elm Coulee area had made significant production from the Bakken in vertical boreholes, which was somewhat unusual.</p> <p>The area Findley mapped was too large for a small operator like Findley, so he submitted his concept to Lyco Energy of Dallas, Texas in 1996, and Lyco promptly decided to take the project on, with Findley retaining a small ownership interest. Lyco began leasing in 1996, and then re-entered nine old vertical wells as a test, completing them with 100,000 lb fracs in the middle Bakken formation in 1996-7. The results were mixed, but confirmed that the Middle Bakken was saturated with producible oil, and would respond to a frac.</p> <p>Although there were a handful of horizontal wells being fracced in the Barnett Shale of Texas at the time (1997-8), those activities were not yet released. So, with no data available for an analogy, Lyco's geologist (Michael Lewis) and engineers (Charles Wiley and Gary Dittmar) set out to design the initial test well. Because of the relatively high cost and large potential scope of the project, Bobby Lyle (president of Lyco) decided that it would be prudent to involve investors. So, the Lyco team sought funding from numerous financial institutions and a few independent oil companies. But, the project was viewed as too risky, since there was no analogy for the concept. Finally, Halliburton agreed with Lyco's assessment of the potential, including the potential boon for its stimulation business, and agreed to support Lyco's operations financially through its commercial services division.</p> <p>Lyco drilled the first horizontal well in the field, the Burning Tree State #36-10 in late 1999, as the oil price moved upwards toward $20 per barrel. Although designed as a 3,000 foot lateral, the well was terminated early due to hole stability issues. Production casing was run to bottom and cemented, then perforated in three intervals over the roughly 1,000 foot lateral; at the toe, the middle and the heel. The well flowed oil immediately, at 196 barrels per day,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> and continued flowing for several months. Finally, the well was fracced, with a substantial increase in production. Lyco then began a continuous drilling program, progressing to 3 rigs and beyond. Headington, another oil company in the area that happened to own leases, began a drilling program also, followed by Continental and others who rushed in to take lease positions on this new, hot play.</p> <p>At Elm Coulee, the Middle Bakken is a dolomite sandwiched between the Upper and Lower Shales. The shales are very rich in organic material, and the oil generated from them expanded from the shales upon reaching thermal maturity, migrating into this Middle Bakken zone. The field is exploited via <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_drilling" title="Directional drilling">horizontal drilling technology</a> by perforating the productive rocks parallel to the beds, rather than through a vertical well perpendicular to the relatively thin Bakken formation. At Elm Coulee Field, the Bakken is only about 45 feet (15 m) thick and lies at depths of 8,500 to 10,500 feet (2,600–3,200 m), but horizontal wells penetrate 3,000 to 10,000 feet (900–3,000 m) of the reservoir rock, a <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porosity" title="Porosity">porous</a> <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolomite" title="Dolomite">dolomite</a> of <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> age that probably originated as a large <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_platform" title="Carbonate platform">carbonate bank</a> on the western flank of the basin. The field is a <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_reservoir#Stratigraphic_traps" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil reservoir">stratigraphic trap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></p> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElmCouleeProduction.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1a/ElmCouleeProduction.jpg/220px-ElmCouleeProduction.jpg" width="220" height="164" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1a/ElmCouleeProduction.jpg/330px-ElmCouleeProduction.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1a/ElmCouleeProduction.jpg/440px-ElmCouleeProduction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="467"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElmCouleeProduction.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Oil production from Montana and Elm Coulee Oil Field through 2005</div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg/220px-Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg" width="220" height="262" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg/330px-Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg/440px-Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="559"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bakken_Reservoir_fields_in_Williston_Basin.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Map of Williston Basin oil fields with reservoirs in Bakken Formation</div> </div> </div> <p>In 2006, Elm Coulee was producing about 53,000 barrels (8,400 m<sup>3</sup>) of oil per day from more than 350 wells. Ultimate production is expected to exceed 270 million barrels (43,000,000 m<sup>3</sup>),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> with some estimates as high as 500 million barrels (79,000,000 m<sup>3</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> Production at Elm Coulee has more than doubled the oil output of the state of Montana, from around 40,000 barrels per day (6,400 m<sup>3</sup>/d) in 2000 to almost 100,000 barrels per day (16,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d) in 2006. However, Montana production fell again starting in 2007, down to some 70,000 barrels per day (11,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d) in mid-2009.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elm_Coulee_Oil_Field&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:771206">"Elm Coulee"</a>. <i><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElm+Coulee+Oil+Field&rft.atitle=Elm+Coulee&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeonames.usgs.gov%2Fapex%2Ff%3Fp%3Dgnispq%3A3%3A%3A%3ANO%3A%3AP3_FID%3A771206&rft.jtitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://archive.bigskybusiness.com/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1504"><i>Wall Street Journal</i>, quoted in <i>Big Sky Business Journal</i></a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.mines.edu/Research/PTTC/newsletters/volume%209/v9n2p4.html">Petroleum Technology Transfer Council Newsletter, Vol. 9, 2006</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/data_publications/crude_oil_natural_gas_reserves/current/pdf/appb.pdf">Energy Information Administration list of top 100 oil fields (link malfunction)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/https://web.archive.org/web/20090515062119/http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/data_publications/crude_oil_natural_gas_reserves/current/pdf/appb.pdf">Archived</a> May 15, 2009, at the <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.geoexpro.net/magazines/2_10_preview.pdf">Sourcing an oil boom</a>, GeoExPro.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/documents/2006/06131walker/images/walker.pdf">Elm Coulee Field, Middle Bakken Member, by Bill Walker, Al Powell, Dick Rollins, and Ron Shaffer, 2006</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/2006/06131walker/index.htm">Elm Coulee Field</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.gasandoil.com/goc/news/ntn64955.htm">USGS estimates of Bakken oil production</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://www.montanastandard.com/articles/2007/12/02/state/hjjcihjhjighgf.txt">Jennifer McKee, Montana <i>Standard</i> State Bureau, Dec. 2, 2007</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpmt1&f=m">Production figures for Montana by EIA</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Richland_County.2C_Montana.2C_United_States" style="padding:3px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist 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communities of <a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richland_County,_Montana" title="Richland County, Montana"><span class="region">Richland County, Montana</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"> <div><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney,_Montana" title="Sidney, Montana"><span>Sidney</span></a></b></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney,_Montana" title="Sidney, Montana">Sidney</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"> <div> <div class="center"> <div class="floatnone"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg.png" title="Richland County map" width="180" height="104" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Richland_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="9194" data-file-height="5303"/></div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town" title="Town">Town</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairview,_Montana" title="Fairview, Montana">Fairview</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crane,_Montana" title="Crane, Montana">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Lake,_Montana" title="Fox Lake, Montana">Fox Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_River,_Montana" title="Knife River, Montana">Knife River</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated<br/> community</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savage,_Montana" title="Savage, Montana">Savage</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost town</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java,_Montana" title="Java, Montana">Java</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle_Mountain_Indian_Reservation" title="Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation">Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation</a>‡</li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Footnotes</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div> </td> </tr> </table> </div>    <noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20170421164551im_/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"/></noscript></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421164551/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elm_Coulee_Oil_Field&oldid=765216467">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elm_Coulee_Oil_Field&oldid=765216467</a>" 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