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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cleveland Elementary School shooting (San Diego)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1mhach_Cleveland_Elementary_(San_Diego)" title="Lámhach Cleveland Elementary (San Diego) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lámhach Cleveland Elementary (San Diego)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penembakan_di_Sekolah_Dasar_Cleveland_(San_Diego)" title="Penembakan di Sekolah Dasar Cleveland (San Diego) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penembakan di Sekolah Dasar Cleveland (San Diego)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schietpartij_bij_de_Grover_Cleveland_Elementary_School_op_29_januari_1979" title="Schietpartij bij de Grover Cleveland Elementary School op 29 januari 1979 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schietpartij bij de Grover Cleveland Elementary School op 29 januari 1979" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Стрельба в начальной школе Кливленда – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стрельба в начальной школе Кливленда" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%94%D1%96%D1%94%D0%B3%D0%BE)" title="Стрілянина в початковій школі Клівленда (Сан-Дієго) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стрілянина в початковій школі Клівленда (Сан-Дієго)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56412931#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&params=32.7964_N_117.0123_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°47′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°00′44″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.7964°N 117.0123°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.7964; -117.0123</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 Cleveland Elementary School shooting (San Diego)">1979 Cleveland Elementary School shooting (San Diego)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1979 mass shooting in San Diego, California, U.S.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the shooting in Northern California, see <a href="/wiki/1989_Stockton_schoolyard_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Stockton schoolyard shooting">1989 Stockton schoolyard shooting</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:125%;">Cleveland Elementary School shooting</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&params=32.7964_N_117.0123_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°47′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°00′44″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.7964°N 117.0123°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.7964; -117.0123</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">January 29, 1979</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Target</th><td class="infobox-data">Students and faculty at Grover Cleveland Elementary School</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Attack type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mass_shooting" title="Mass shooting">Mass shooting</a>, <a href="/wiki/School_shooting" title="School shooting">school shooting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">double-murder</a>, attempted <a href="/wiki/Child_murder" title="Child murder">pedicide</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weapons</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ruger_10/22" title="Ruger 10/22">Ruger 10/22</a> semi-automatic <a href="/wiki/.22_LR" class="mw-redirect" title=".22 LR">.22 caliber</a> rifle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Injured</th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Perpetrator</th><td class="infobox-data">Brenda Spencer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motive</th><td class="infobox-data">Hatred of Mondays</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Verdict</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pleaded_guilty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleaded guilty">Pleaded guilty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Convictions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Murder_in_California_law" title="Murder in California law">First-degree murder</a> (2 counts), <a href="/wiki/Assault" title="Assault">assault</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Deadly_weapon" title="Deadly weapon">deadly weapon</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sentence</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment_in_the_United_States" title="Life imprisonment in the United States">Life imprisonment</a> with the possibility of <a href="/wiki/Parole" title="Parole">parole</a> after 25 years</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cleveland Elementary School shooting</b> took place on January 29, 1979, at Grover Cleveland Elementary School in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, California, United States.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Principal_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal (education)">principal</a> and a custodian were killed; eight children and police officer Robert Robb were injured. A 16-year-old girl, Brenda Spencer, who lived in a house across the street from the school, was convicted of the shootings. Charged as an adult, she pleaded guilty to two counts of murder and <a href="/wiki/Assault" title="Assault">assault with a deadly weapon</a>, resulting in her being sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life in prison</a> with a chance of <a href="/wiki/Parole" title="Parole">parole</a> after 25 years. As of 2025, she is still in prison. </p><p>Brenda Spencer is often regarded as the first modern school shooter in the United States. A reporter reached her by phone while she was still in the house after the shooting, and asked her why she committed the crime. She reportedly answered: "I don't like Mondays. This livens up the day."<sup id="cite_ref-EI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-good_housekeeping_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-good_housekeeping-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perpetrator">Perpetrator</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Perpetrator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Brenda Spencer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg/220px-Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg/330px-Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg/440px-Brendaannspencermugshot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="768" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Spencer in a 1996 <a href="/wiki/Mugshot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mugshot">mugshot</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Brenda Ann Spencer</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1962-04-03</span>) </span>April 3, 1962<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 62)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Incarcerated; Next parole hearing in 2028</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Imprisoned at</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/California_Institution_for_Women" title="California Institution for Women">California Institution for Women</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Brenda Ann Spencer</b> (born April 3, 1962) was born to Dorothy Nadine (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a> Hobel) and Wallace Edward Spencer. They married on December 12, 1954, in <a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista" class="mw-redirect" title="Chula Vista">Chula Vista</a> and had three children. Brenda was the youngest. In January 1972, after Dorothy found out her husband had been cheating on her with multiple women, she filed for divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her parents separated, Brenda allegedly lived in poverty with her father. Both father and daughter slept on a single mattress on the living room floor, in a house strewn with empty bottles from alcoholic drinks.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At later parole hearings, she claimed to have been subject to "total neglect" from her mother and sexual abuse from her father. The accusations have been disputed by the respective parents.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, she lived in a house across the street from the school. Aged 16 at the time of the shooting, she was 5'2" (157 cm) and had bright red hair.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hunt_2022_page_332_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hunt_2022_page_332-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Acquaintances said Spencer expressed hostility toward policemen, had spoken about shooting one, and had talked of doing something big to get on television.<sup id="cite_ref-EI_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Spencer showed ability as a photographer, winning first place in a <a href="/wiki/The_Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="The Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society</a> competition, she was generally uninterested in school. She attended <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry_High_School_(California)" title="Patrick Henry High School (California)">Patrick Henry High School</a>, where one teacher recalled frequently inquiring if she was awake in class. Later, during tests while she was in custody, it was discovered that Spencer had an injury to one of the <a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe" title="Temporal lobe">temporal lobes</a> of her brain. It was attributed to an accident on her bicycle.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013251–253_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013251–253-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spencer described herself as a "radical" and referred to policemen as "pigs", exclaiming "All right!" when seeing news on TV about police officers being killed and often talking about wanting to kill police officers or "blow them away".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some classmates described her as "crazy" and reported being scared of her. </p><p>In early 1978, staff at a facility for problem students, into which Spencer had been referred for <a href="/wiki/Truancy" title="Truancy">truancy</a>, informed her parents that she was <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_ideation" title="Suicidal ideation">suicidal</a>. That summer, Spencer, who was known to hunt birds in the neighborhood, was arrested for shooting out the windows of Grover Cleveland Elementary with a <a href="/wiki/BB_gun" title="BB gun">BB gun</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Burglary" title="Burglary">burglary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EI_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Police reports and eyewitnesses do not mention the use of a BB gun during the school vandalism.<sup id="cite_ref-Hunt_2022_page_332_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hunt_2022_page_332-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1978, prior to the shooting, while still on probation for breaking into the school, a <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_evaluation" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychiatric evaluation">psychiatric evaluation</a> arranged by her probation officer recommended that Spencer be admitted to a mental hospital for <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>. Her father refused to give permission. For Christmas 1978, he gave her a <a href="/wiki/Ruger_10/22" title="Ruger 10/22">Ruger 10/22</a> semi-automatic <a href="/wiki/.22_LR" class="mw-redirect" title=".22 LR">.22 caliber</a> rifle with a <a href="/wiki/Telescopic_sight" title="Telescopic sight">telescopic sight</a> and 500 rounds of <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spencer later said, "I asked for a radio and got a rifle." Asked why he had done that, she answered, "He bought the rifle so I would kill myself."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shooting">Shooting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Shooting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the morning of Monday, January 29, 1979, Spencer began shooting from her house<sup id="cite_ref-shooting_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shooting-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at children waiting for 53-year-old Principal Burton Wragg to open the gates to Grover Cleveland Elementary.<sup id="cite_ref-KFMB_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KFMB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She injured eight children; she began with nine-year-old Cam Miller, since he was wearing Spencer's favorite color, blue. Spencer shot and killed Wragg as he and teacher Daryl Barnes tried to help children. She also killed 56-year-old custodian Mike Suchar as he tried to pull a student to safety.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 28-year-old police officer, Robert Robb, had responded to a call for assistance during the incident, where he was wounded in the neck as he arrived.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further casualties were avoided only because the police obstructed her line of fire by moving a garbage truck in front of the school entrance.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After firing thirty-six times,<sup id="cite_ref-shooting_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shooting-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spencer barricaded herself inside her home for several hours. While there, she spoke by telephone to a reporter from <i><a href="/wiki/The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune" title="The San Diego Union-Tribune">The Evening Tribune</a></i>, who had been randomly calling telephone numbers in the neighborhood. Spencer told the reporter she had shot at the school children and adults because, "I don't like Mondays. This livens up the day." She also told <a href="/wiki/Hostage_negotiator" class="mw-redirect" title="Hostage negotiator">police negotiators</a> the children and adults whom she had shot were easy targets and that she was going to "come out shooting".<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-good_housekeeping_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-good_housekeeping-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spencer has been repeatedly reminded of these statements at <a href="/wiki/Parole" title="Parole">parole</a> hearings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013250BöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013250BöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, she surrendered and left the house, reportedly after being promised a <a href="/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King">Burger King</a> meal by negotiators.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analysis">Analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several accounts identify the Cleveland Elementary School shooting in San Diego as the earliest recorded elementary <a href="/wiki/School_shootings_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="School shootings in the United States">school shooting in the United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The perpetrator, Brenda Spencer, is often regarded as the first modern high-profile school shooter.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a></i>, her actions marked a significant turning point in American history, with some referring to Spencer as “the mother” of subsequent school shootings, including those at <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newtown_school_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Newtown school shooting">Newtown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school shooting trend has increased since 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>San Diego County Deputy District Attorney <a href="/wiki/Richard_Sachs" title="Richard Sachs">Richard Sachs</a> noted that Spencer “hurt so many people and had so much to do with starting a deadly trend in America.” In a 2001 statement, Spencer acknowledged the potential influence of her actions on later incidents, remarking, “With every school shooting, I feel I’m partially responsible. What if they got the idea from what I did?”<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imprisonment">Imprisonment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Imprisonment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spencer was charged as an adult. She pleaded guilty to two counts of murder and <a href="/wiki/Assault_with_a_deadly_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault with a deadly weapon">assault with a deadly weapon</a>. On April 4, 1980, a day after her 18th birthday, she was sentenced to concurrent terms of 25 years to <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment#United_States" title="Life imprisonment">life in prison</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nine counts of attempted murder were dismissed. In prison, Spencer was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">epilepsy</a> and received medication to treat epilepsy and depression. While at <a href="/wiki/California_Institution_for_Women" title="California Institution for Women">California Institution for Women</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chino,_California" title="Chino, California">Chino</a>, she worked repairing electronic equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SDR_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDR-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the terms of her sentencing, Spencer became eligible for hearings to consider her suitability for <a href="/wiki/Parole" title="Parole">parole</a> in 1993. </p><p>At her first hearing, in 1993, Spencer said she had hoped police would shoot her, and that she had been a user of alcohol and drugs at the time of the crime, although the results of drug tests done when she was taken into custody were negative. At her 2001 parole hearing, Spencer claimed that her father had been subjecting her to <a href="/wiki/Physical_abuse" title="Physical abuse">beatings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">sexual abuse</a>, but he said the allegations were not true. The parole board chairman said that, as she had not previously told anyone about the allegations, he doubted their veracity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, a <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> deputy district attorney cited an incident of <a href="/wiki/Self-harm" title="Self-harm">self-harm</a> from four years earlier, when Spencer's girlfriend was released from jail, as showing that Spencer was <a href="/wiki/Psychosis" title="Psychosis">psychotic</a> and unfit to be released.<sup id="cite_ref-SDR_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDR-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early reports indicated that Spencer had scratched the words "courage" and "pride" into her own skin; Spencer corrected this during her parole hearing as reading "unforgiven" and "alone". </p><p>In 2009, the board again refused her application for parole, and ruled it would be ten years before she would be considered again.<sup id="cite_ref-KFMB_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KFMB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2022, Spencer and the Board of Parole Hearings agreed that she was not suitable for parole and that she would not be eligible for another hearing for another three years as a result of this parole suitability denial. In February 2025, she was denied parole once more. She remains imprisoned at California Institution for Women in Chino.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her next opportunity for a parole hearing will be in 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A plaque and flagpole were erected at Cleveland Elementary in memory of the shooting victims. The school was closed in 1983, along with a dozen other schools around the city, due to declining enrollment.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the ensuing decades, it was leased to several <a href="/wiki/Charter_school" title="Charter school">charter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">private schools</a>. From 2005 to 2017, it housed the Magnolia Science Academy,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a public charter <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle school</a> serving students in grades 6–8.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, the school was demolished to construct a housing development, and the plaque was relocated to the former school's southern edge, at the corner of Lake Atlin Avenue and Lake Angela Drive. </p><p>In the months following the shooting, one of Brenda Spencer's first cellmates, a 17-year-old girl, moved in with Spencer's father, eventually marrying him on March 26, 1980, in <a href="/wiki/Yuma,_Arizona" title="Yuma, Arizona">Yuma, Arizona</a>. They had a daughter together, after which she fled the household and eventually divorced,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leaving Wallace Spencer to raise their child alone.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wallace Spencer died in February 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 17, 1989, almost ten years after the events at San Diego's Grover Cleveland Elementary, there was <a href="/wiki/Stockton_schoolyard_shooting" title="Stockton schoolyard shooting">another shooting</a> at a school coincidentally named Grover Cleveland Elementary, this one in <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a>. Five students were killed and thirty were injured. Christy Buell, a survivor of the 1979 shooting, said that she was "shocked, saddened, horrified" by the headlines concerning the 1989 shooting.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Song">Song</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Song"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bob_Geldof" title="Bob Geldof">Bob Geldof</a>, then the lead singer of the <a href="/wiki/Boomtown_Rats" class="mw-redirect" title="Boomtown Rats">Boomtown Rats</a>, read about the incident when a news story about it came off the <a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">telex</a> at <a href="/wiki/WRAS_(FM)" title="WRAS (FM)">WRAS-FM</a>, the campus radio station at <a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_University" title="Georgia State University">Georgia State University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a>. He was particularly struck by Spencer's claim that she did it because she did not like Mondays, and began writing a song about it, called "<a href="/wiki/I_Don%27t_Like_Mondays" title="I Don't Like Mondays">I Don't Like Mondays</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-SDR_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDR-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was released in July 1979, was number one for four weeks in the United Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the band's biggest hit in their native Ireland. </p><p>Although it did not make the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Top 40</a> in the U.S., it still received extensive radio airplay (outside of the San Diego area) despite the Spencer family's efforts to prevent it.<sup id="cite_ref-EMAP_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EMAP-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geldof later claimed that "[Spencer] wrote to me saying 'she was glad she'd done it because I'd made her famous,' which is not a good thing to live with",<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though Spencer denies ever contacting Geldof.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Films_and_television">Films and television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Films and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1981 Japanese–American documentary film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Killing_of_America" title="The Killing of America">The Killing of America</a></i> depicts the incident. The 2006 British documentary <i>I Don't Like Mondays</i> also revisits the case.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Investigation_Discovery" title="Investigation Discovery">Investigation Discovery</a> network portrayed Spencer's crimes in one of the three cases presented in the premiere episode of season 2 on the crime documentary series <i><a href="/wiki/Deadly_Women" title="Deadly Women">Deadly Women</a></i>, titled "<a href="/wiki/List_of_Deadly_Women_episodes#Season_2_(2008–09)" title="List of Deadly Women episodes">Thrill Killers</a>", which aired in October 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lifetime_Movies" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime Movies">Lifetime Movies</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Kids" title="Killer Kids">Killer Kids</a></i> released an episode "<a href="/wiki/Killer_Kids#Season_3_.28LMN.29" title="Killer Kids">Deadly Compulsion</a>" depicting Spencer's crimes, which first aired in September 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/investigations/parole-hearings-for-two-high-profile-murderers-san-diego/509-1b5892ed-31e4-45d8-b2e1-c0fad82f030e">"Parole hearings for two high-profile murderers from San Diego"</a>. <i>cbs8.com</i>. August 18, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbs8.com&rft.atitle=Parole+hearings+for+two+high-profile+murderers+from+San+Diego&rft.date=2022-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs8.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Finvestigations%2Fparole-hearings-for-two-high-profile-murderers-san-diego%2F509-1b5892ed-31e4-45d8-b2e1-c0fad82f030e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRepard2019" class="citation web cs1">Repard, Pauline (January 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2019/01/29/40-years-ago-brenda-spencer-took-lives-changed-lives-in-a-mass-shooting-at-a-san-diego-elementary-school/">"40 years ago, Brenda Spencer took lives, changed lives in a mass shooting at a San Diego elementary school"</a>. <i>San Diego Union-Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Diego+Union-Tribune&rft.atitle=40+years+ago%2C+Brenda+Spencer+took+lives%2C+changed+lives+in+a+mass+shooting+at+a+San+Diego+elementary+school&rft.date=2019-01-29&rft.aulast=Repard&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandiegouniontribune.com%2F2019%2F01%2F29%2F40-years-ago-brenda-spencer-took-lives-changed-lives-in-a-mass-shooting-at-a-san-diego-elementary-school%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EI_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=6676,3418018">"School Sniper Suspect Bragged Of 'Something Big To Get On TV'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Independent" title="Evening Independent">Evening Independent</a></i>. Associated Press. January 30, 1979 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">Google News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Independent&rft.atitle=School+Sniper+Suspect+Bragged+Of+%27Something+Big+To+Get+On+TV%27&rft.date=1979-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dr8EwAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6676%2C3418018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-good_housekeeping-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-good_housekeeping_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-good_housekeeping_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJones1998" class="citation news cs1">Jones, Tamara (November 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516212738/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21253207.html">"Look back in sorrow: in 1979, a teenage girl opened fire on a suburban San Diego elementary school; today, as the nation reels from a rash of similar tragedies, the survivors still struggle to understand why it happened"</a>. <i>Good Housekeeping</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21253207.html">the original</a> on May 16, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Good+Housekeeping&rft.atitle=Look+back+in+sorrow%3A+in+1979%2C+a+teenage+girl+opened+fire+on+a+suburban+San+Diego+elementary+school%3B+today%2C+as+the+nation+reels+from+a+rash+of+similar+tragedies%2C+the+survivors+still+struggle+to+understand+why+it+happened&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Tamara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-21253207.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2012" class="citation book cs1">Böckler, Nils; Seeger, Thorsten; Sitzer, Peter; Heitmeyer, Wilhelm (December 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7GHR3BDWIQ8C&dq=%22Wallace+Edward+Spencer%22+%22brenda%22&pg=PA249"><i>School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. <span class="nowrap">249–</span>251. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-5526-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-5526-4"><bdi>978-1-4614-5526-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=School+Shootings%3A+International+Research%2C+Case+Studies%2C+and+Concepts+for+Prevention&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E249-%3C%2Fspan%3E251&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft.isbn=978-1-4614-5526-4&rft.aulast=B%C3%B6ckler&rft.aufirst=Nils&rft.au=Seeger%2C+Thorsten&rft.au=Sitzer%2C+Peter&rft.au=Heitmeyer%2C+Wilhelm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7GHR3BDWIQ8C%26dq%3D%2522Wallace%2BEdward%2BSpencer%2522%2B%2522brenda%2522%26pg%3DPA249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MJ-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MJ_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Q1waAAAAIBAJ&pg=5169,5587238">"Sniping suspect had a grim goal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Journal_Sentinel" title="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel">The Milwaukee Journal</a></i>. January 29, 1979. p. 4 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">Google News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Sniping+suspect+had+a+grim+goal&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1979-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DQ1waAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5169%2C5587238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013">Böckler et al. 2013</a>, p. 257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013248_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013">Böckler et al. 2013</a>, p. 248.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJacobsSkelton1979" class="citation news cs1">Jacobs, Paul; Skelton, Nancy (January 30, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/158765830">"Girl Sniper Kills 2, Wounds 9 at San Diego School"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/158765830">158765830</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327032819/https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/doc/158765830.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Girl+Sniper+Kills+2%2C+Wounds+9+at+San+Diego+School&rft.date=1979-01-30&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Skelton%2C+Nancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F158765830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFinley2011" class="citation book cs1">Finley, Laura (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d738P9jvNLsC"><i>Encyclopedia of School Crime and Violence</i></a> (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 454. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36239-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36239-2"><bdi>978-0-313-36239-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+School+Crime+and+Violence&rft.pages=454&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-313-36239-2&rft.aulast=Finley&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd738P9jvNLsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hunt_2022_page_332-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hunt_2022_page_332_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hunt_2022_page_332_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2022" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, N Leigh (2022). <i>I DON'T LIKE MONDAYS</i> (1st ed.). United States: Wild Blue Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">343–</span>344. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1957288376" title="Special:BookSources/978-1957288376"><bdi>978-1957288376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+DON%27T+LIKE+MONDAYS&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E343-%3C%2Fspan%3E344&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wild+Blue+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1957288376&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=N+Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013251–253-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013251–253_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013">Böckler et al. 2013</a>, pp. 251–253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1979/01/31/classmates-say-alleged-sniper-seemed-lonely-friendless-girl/54e24de0-c539-46e3-9518-8e1f488d7c52/">"Classmates Say Alleged Sniper Seemed Lonely, Friendless Girl"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. January 31, 1979<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Classmates+Say+Alleged+Sniper+Seemed+Lonely%2C+Friendless+Girl&rft.date=1979-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1979%2F01%2F31%2Fclassmates-say-alleged-sniper-seemed-lonely-friendless-girl%2F54e24de0-c539-46e3-9518-8e1f488d7c52%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2022" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, N Leigh (2022). <i>I DON'T LIKE MONDAYS</i> (1st ed.). United States: Wild Blue Press. p. 332. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1957288376" title="Special:BookSources/978-1957288376"><bdi>978-1957288376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+DON%27T+LIKE+MONDAYS&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=332&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wild+Blue+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1957288376&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=N+Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shooting-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-shooting_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shooting_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRepard2019" class="citation news cs1">Repard, Pauline (January 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/sd-me-brenda-spencer-school-shooting-20190129-story.html">"40 years ago, Brenda Spencer took lives, changed lives in a mass shooting at a San Diego elementary school"</a>. <i>The San Diego Union-Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Diego+Union-Tribune&rft.atitle=40+years+ago%2C+Brenda+Spencer+took+lives%2C+changed+lives+in+a+mass+shooting+at+a+San+Diego+elementary+school&rft.date=2019-01-29&rft.aulast=Repard&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandiegouniontribune.com%2Fnews%2Fpublic-safety%2Fsd-me-brenda-spencer-school-shooting-20190129-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KFMB-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KFMB_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KFMB_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100901162350/http://www.cbs8.com/Global/story.asp?S=10928307">"School Shooter Brenda Spencer Denied Parole"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KFMB-TV" title="KFMB-TV">KFMB-TV</a></i>. August 14, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbs8.com/Global/story.asp?S=10928307">the original</a> on September 1, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=KFMB-TV&rft.atitle=School+Shooter+Brenda+Spencer+Denied+Parole&rft.date=2009-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs8.com%2FGlobal%2Fstory.asp%3FS%3D10928307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2022" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, N Leigh (2022). <i>I DON'T LIKE MONDAYS</i> (1st ed.). United States: Wild Blue Press. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1957288376" title="Special:BookSources/978-1957288376"><bdi>978-1957288376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+DON%27T+LIKE+MONDAYS&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=30&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wild+Blue+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1957288376&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=N+Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013250BöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013250BöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013257_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013">Böckler et al. 2013</a>, p. 250; <a href="#CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013">Böckler et al. 2013</a>, p. 257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2022/nov/23/cover-ways-escape/">"What the Brenda Spencer shooting tells us about Uvalde | San Diego Reader"</a>. <i>www.sandiegoreader.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sandiegoreader.com&rft.atitle=What+the+Brenda+Spencer+shooting+tells+us+about+Uvalde+%7C+San+Diego+Reader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandiegoreader.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2Fnov%2F23%2Fcover-ways-escape%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-first-modern-school-shooter-feels-responsible-for-the-rest/">"The First Modern School Shooter Speaks"</a>. <i>The Daily Beast</i>. 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EMAP National Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">6–</span>7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fastest+Lip+on+Vinyl&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E6-%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.pub=EMAP+National+Publications&rft.date=1979-10-18%2F1979-10-31&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150419110351/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSFIPcwqGvw"><i>Bob Geldof reveals the truth of "I Don't Like Mondays"!</i></a>. Event occurs at 2:08. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSFIPcwqGvw">the original</a> on April 19, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Geldof+reveals+the+truth+of+%22I+Don%27t+Like+Mondays%22%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DxSFIPcwqGvw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2022" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, N Leigh (2022). <i>I DON'T LIKE MONDAYS</i> (1st ed.). United States: Wild Blue Press. p. 255. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1957288376" title="Special:BookSources/978-1957288376"><bdi>978-1957288376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+DON%27T+LIKE+MONDAYS&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=255&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wild+Blue+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1957288376&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=N+Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0778744">"I Don't Like Mondays (TV Movie 2006)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=I+Don%27t+Like+Mondays+%28TV+Movie+2006%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0778744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.investigationdiscovery.com/tv-shows/deadly-women/full-episodes/thrill-killers">"Thrill Killers | Deadly Women"</a>. <i>www.investigationdiscovery.com</i>. Discovery Communications, LLC. October 8, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.investigationdiscovery.com&rft.atitle=Thrill+Killers+%7C+Deadly+Women&rft.date=2008-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investigationdiscovery.com%2Ftv-shows%2Fdeadly-women%2Ffull-episodes%2Fthrill-killers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x63yclz">"Deadly Women | Season 2 Episode 1 Thrill Kills"</a>. <i>Dailymotion</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dailymotion&rft.atitle=Deadly+Women+%7C+Season+2+Episode+1+Thrill+Kills&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymotion.com%2Fvideo%2Fx63yclz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://next-episode.net/deadly-women/season-2">"Deadly Women - Season 2 Episodes List"</a>. <i>next-episode.net</i>. October 9, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=next-episode.net&rft.atitle=Deadly+Women+-+Season+2+Episodes+List&rft.date=2008-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnext-episode.net%2Fdeadly-women%2Fseason-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mylifetime.com/shows/killer-kids/season-2/episode-21.">"Watch Deadly Compulsion Full Episode - Killer Kids | Lifetime"</a>. <i>Lifetime</i>. A&E Television Networks. September 3, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180919122929/https://www.mylifetime.com/shows/killer-kids/season-2/episode-21.">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lifetime&rft.atitle=Watch+Deadly+Compulsion+Full+Episode+-+Killer+Kids+%7C+Lifetime&rft.date=2014-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mylifetime.com%2Fshows%2Fkiller-kids%2Fseason-2%2Fepisode-21.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tv.com/shows/killer-kids/watch/deadly-compulsion-3043694/">"Killer Kids: Deadly Compulsion"</a>. <i>TV.com</i>. CBS Interactive. September 3, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV.com&rft.atitle=Killer+Kids%3A+Deadly+Compulsion&rft.date=2014-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tv.com%2Fshows%2Fkiller-kids%2Fwatch%2Fdeadly-compulsion-3043694%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3fcwl3">"Killer Kids - Season 3 Episode 19 Deadly Compulsion"</a>. <i>Dailymotion</i>. November 24, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dailymotion&rft.atitle=Killer+Kids+-+Season+3+Episode+19+Deadly+Compulsion&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymotion.com%2Fvideo%2Fx3fcwl3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2022" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, N Leigh (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wildbluepress.com/i-dont-like-mondays-n-leigh-hunt-true-crime/"><i>I DON'T LIKE MONDAYS The True Story Behind America's First Modern School Shooting</i></a> (1st ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wild_Blue_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wild Blue Press (page does not exist)">Wild Blue Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1957288376" title="Special:BookSources/978-1957288376"><bdi>978-1957288376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+DON%27T+LIKE+MONDAYS+The+True+Story+Behind+America%27s+First+Modern+School+Shooting&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wild+Blue+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1957288376&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=N+Leigh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwildbluepress.com%2Fi-dont-like-mondays-n-leigh-hunt-true-crime%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBöcklerSeegerSitzerHeitmeyer2013" class="citation book cs1">Böckler, Nils; Seeger, Thorsten; Sitzer, Peter; Heitmeyer, Wilhelm (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781461455257"><i>School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention</i></a> (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer Science+Business Media</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-461-45526-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-461-45526-4"><bdi>978-1-461-45526-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=School+Shootings%3A+International+Research%2C+Case+Studies%2C+and+Concepts+for+Prevention&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Springer+Science%2BBusiness+Media&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-461-45526-4&rft.aulast=B%C3%B6ckler&rft.aufirst=Nils&rft.au=Seeger%2C+Thorsten&rft.au=Sitzer%2C+Peter&rft.au=Heitmeyer%2C+Wilhelm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fus%2Fbook%2F9781461455257&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>Parole Hearing transcripts: </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.murderhistorian.com">"Brenda Spencer Parole Hearings"</a>. MurderHistorian.com. February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brenda+Spencer+Parole+Hearings&rft.pub=MurderHistorian.com&rft.date=2018-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.murderhistorian.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>Videos: </p> <ul><li>Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/8YtbCaX87ZM">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191120041934/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YtbCaX87ZM">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YtbCaX87ZM">"40 Years Ago, Brenda Spencer Took Lives At Elementary School"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Union-Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Union-Tribune">San Diego Union-Tribune</a></i>. January 30, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Diego+Union-Tribune&rft.atitle=40+Years+Ago%2C+Brenda+Spencer+Took+Lives+At+Elementary+School&rft.date=2019-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8YtbCaX87ZM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9hC6iYnjtl8">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200528041543/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hC6iYnjtl8&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hC6iYnjtl8">"1993: Convicted school shooter Brenda Spencer speaks with San Diego's News 8 - PART 1"</a>. CBS 8 San Diego. June 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1993%3A+Convicted+school+shooter+Brenda+Spencer+speaks+with+San+Diego%27s+News+8+-+PART+1&rft.pub=CBS+8+San+Diego&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9hC6iYnjtl8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/Qsj0zRj9Jp4">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190406000206/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qsj0zRj9Jp4">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qsj0zRj9Jp4">"1993: Convicted school shooter Brenda Spencer speaks with San Diego's News 8 - PART 2"</a>. CBS 8 San Diego. June 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1993%3A+Convicted+school+shooter+Brenda+Spencer+speaks+with+San+Diego%27s+News+8+-+PART+2&rft.pub=CBS+8+San+Diego&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DQsj0zRj9Jp4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/-lMzatv6Weg">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200119110434/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lMzatv6Weg&app=desktop">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lMzatv6Weg">"1993: Convicted school shooter Brenda Spencer speaks with San Diego's News 8 - PART 3"</a>. CBS 8 San Diego. June 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1993%3A+Convicted+school+shooter+Brenda+Spencer+speaks+with+San+Diego%27s+News+8+-+PART+3&rft.pub=CBS+8+San+Diego&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-lMzatv6Weg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9EA1eH-t3yc">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191213150544/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EA1eH-t3yc">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EA1eH-t3yc">"1993: Convicted school shooter Brenda Spencer speaks with San Diego's News 8 - PART 4"</a>. CBS 8 San Diego. June 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1993%3A+Convicted+school+shooter+Brenda+Spencer+speaks+with+San+Diego%27s+News+8+-+PART+4&rft.pub=CBS+8+San+Diego&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9EA1eH-t3yc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Elementary+School+shooting+%28San+Diego%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdpolicemuseum.com/Brenda-Spencer.html">San Diego Police Museum - Brenda-Spencer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schoolshooters.info/brenda-spencer">School Shooters.info - Brenda Spencer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.murderhistorian.com">Murder Historian - I Don't Like Mondays Blog</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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shootings in the United States in the 1980s and before"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_1980s_and_before" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 1980s and before"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_1980s_and_before533" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings in the United States</a> in the 1980s and before</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1760s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Brown_school_massacre" title="Enoch Brown school massacre">Greencastle, PA</a> (1764)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Valentine%27s_Day_Massacre" title="Saint Valentine's Day Massacre">Chicago, IL</a> (1929)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Young_Brothers_massacre" title="Young Brothers massacre">Brookline, MO</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_Cleveland_shootings" title="1933 Cleveland shootings">Cleveland, OH</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_Belfast,_Maine_shooting" title="1933 Belfast, Maine shooting">Belfast, ME</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_massacre" title="Kansas City massacre">Kansas City, MO</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chiquola_Mill_Massacre" title="Chiquola Mill Massacre">Honea Path, SC</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kelayres_massacre" title="Kelayres massacre">Kelayres, PA</a> (1934)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Utah_prisoner_of_war_massacre" title="Utah prisoner of war massacre">Salina, UT</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moore%27s_Ford_lynchings" title="Moore's Ford lynchings">Georgia</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Collins" title="Melvin Collins">Chester, PA</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Unruh" title="Howard Unruh">Camden, NJ</a> (1949)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Cook_(criminal)" title="Billy Cook (criminal)">Wichita Falls, TX</a> (1950–51)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1954_United_States_Capitol_shooting" title="1954 United States Capitol shooting">Washington, D.C.</a> (1954)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_Highway_101_sniper_attack" title="1965 Highway 101 sniper attack">Orcutt, CA</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_tower_shooting" title="University of Texas tower shooting">Austin, TX</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_Rose-Mar_College_of_Beauty_shooting" title="1966 Rose-Mar College of Beauty shooting">Mesa, AZ</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1967_Clinton_County,_Pennsylvania_shootings" title="1967 Clinton County, Pennsylvania shootings">Clinton County, PA</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Orangeburg_Massacre" title="Orangeburg Massacre">Orangeburg, SC</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robison_family_murders" title="Robison family murders">Readmond Township, MI</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenville_shootout" title="Glenville shootout">Cleveland, OH</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Westernville_New_Year%27s_Day_shooting" title="Westernville New Year's Day shooting">Westernville, NY</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Pennsylvania_Turnpike_shootings" title="1969 Pennsylvania Turnpike shootings">Pennsylvania Turnpike, PA</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Greensboro_uprising" title="1969 Greensboro uprising">Greensboro, NC</a> (1969)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Newhall_incident" title="Newhall incident">Valencia, CA</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kent_State_shootings" title="Kent State shootings">Kent, OH</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_State_killings" title="Jackson State killings">Jackson, MS</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marin_County_Civic_Center_attacks" title="Marin County Civic Center attacks">San Rafael, CA</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_shooting_of_Dallas_police_officers" title="1971 shooting of Dallas police officers">Dallas, TX</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hazelwood_massacre" title="Hazelwood massacre">Detroit, MI</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_List_(murderer)" title="John List (murderer)">Westfield, NJ</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fountain_Valley_massacre" title="Fountain Valley massacre">St. Croix, USVI</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Essex" title="Mark Essex">New Orleans, LA</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_Hanafi_Muslim_massacre" title="1973 Hanafi Muslim massacre">Washington, D.C.</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_DeFeo_Jr." title="Ronald DeFeo Jr.">Amityville, NY</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_Olean_High_School_shooting" title="1974 Olean High School shooting">Olean, NY</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Easter_Sunday_Massacre" title="Easter Sunday Massacre">Hamilton, OH</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_Computer_Learning_Center_shooting" title="1976 Computer Learning Center shooting">Los Angeles, CA</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_California_State_University,_Fullerton_massacre" title="1976 California State University, Fullerton massacre">Fullerton, CA</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1977_Klamath_Falls_nightclub_shooting" title="1977 Klamath Falls nightclub shooting">Klamath Falls, OR</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_City_murders" title="Carol City murders">Carol City, FL</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Dragon_massacre" title="Golden Dragon massacre">San Francisco, CA</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Massacre" title="Blackfriars Massacre">Boston, MA</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Diego, CA</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greensboro_massacre" title="Greensboro massacre">Greensboro, NC</a> (1979)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norco_shootout" title="Norco shootout">Norco, CA</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daingerfield_church_shooting" title="Daingerfield church shooting">Daingerfield, TX</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_K._Crumpley" title="Ronald K. Crumpley">Manhattan, NY</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan">Washington, D.C.</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Museum_Tavern_shooting" title="Oregon Museum Tavern shooting">Salem, OR</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Felton_Parish" class="mw-redirect" title="John Felton Parish">Grand Prairie, TX</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Robert_Brown" title="Carl Robert Brown">Miami, FL</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_Wilkes-Barre_shootings" title="1982 Wilkes-Barre shootings">Wilkes-Barre & Jenkins Township, PA</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wah_Mee_massacre" title="Wah Mee massacre">Seattle, WA</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lester_Bower" title="Lester Bower">Grayson County, TX</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tyrone_Mitchell" title="Tyrone Mitchell">Los Angeles, CA</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday_massacre_(homicide)" title="Palm Sunday massacre (homicide)">Brooklyn, NY</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_Dallas_nightclub_shooting" title="1984 Dallas nightclub shooting">Dallas, TX</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/San_Ysidro_McDonald%27s_massacre" title="San Ysidro McDonald's massacre">San Diego, CA</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_New_York_City_Subway_shooting" title="1984 New York City Subway shooting">Manhattan, NY</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Seegrist" title="Sylvia Seegrist">Springfield Township, PA</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_FBI_Miami_shootout" title="1986 FBI Miami shootout">Miami-Dade County, FL</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edmond_post_office_shooting" title="Edmond post office shooting">Edmond, OK</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Esco_Welch" title="David Esco Welch">Oakland, CA</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shelby_bookstore_murders" title="Shelby bookstore murders">Shelby, NC</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1987_Palm_Bay_shooting" title="1987 Palm Bay shooting">Palm Bay, FL</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Southwest_Airlines_Flight_1771" title="Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771">Cayucos, CA</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale_ESL_shooting" title="Sunnyvale ESL shooting">Sunnyvale, CA</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Nick_Corwin" title="Murder of Nick Corwin">Winnetka, IL</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Old_Salisbury_Road_shooting" title="Old Salisbury Road shooting">Winston-Salem, NC</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_Oakland_Elementary_School_shooting" title="1988 Oakland Elementary School shooting">Greenwood, SC</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_Stockton_schoolyard_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Stockton schoolyard shooting">Stockton, CA</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Gravure_shooting" title="Standard Gravure shooting">Louisville, KY</a> (1989)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of <a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">mass shootings in the United States</a> by time period (<a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_1980s_and_before" title="Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 1980s and before">1980s and before</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_1990s" title="Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 1990s">1990s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_2000s" title="Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 2000s">2000s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_2010s" title="Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 2010s">2010s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_the_2020s" title="Template:Mass shootings in the United States in the 2020s">2020s</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="School_shootings_in_the_United_States295" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:School_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Template:School shootings in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:School_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:School shootings in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:School_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:School shootings in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="School_shootings_in_the_United_States295" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/School_shooting#United_States" title="School shooting">School shootings in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prior to 2000<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_(before_2000)" title="List of school shootings in the United States (before 2000)">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1760s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Brown_school_massacre" title="Enoch Brown school massacre">Enoch Brown school massacre</a> (1764)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_tower_shooting" title="University of Texas tower shooting">University of Texas</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_Rose-Mar_College_of_Beauty_shooting" title="1966 Rose-Mar College of Beauty shooting">Rose-Mar College of Beauty</a> (1966)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kent_State_shootings" title="Kent State shootings">Kent State University</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_State_killings" title="Jackson State killings">Jackson State University</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_Olean_High_School_shooting" title="1974 Olean High School shooting">Olean High School</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_Computer_Learning_Center_shooting" title="1976 Computer Learning Center shooting">Computer Learning Center</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_California_State_University,_Fullerton_massacre" title="1976 California State University, Fullerton massacre">California State University, Fullerton</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1979_Cleveland_Elementary_School_shooting_(San_Diego)" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 Cleveland Elementary School shooting (San Diego)">Cleveland Elementary School</a> (1979)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/49th_Street_Elementary_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="49th Street Elementary School shooting">49th Street Elementary School</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_Cokeville_Elementary_School_hostage_crisis" title="1986 Cokeville Elementary School hostage crisis">Cokeville Elementary School</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Nick_Corwin" title="Murder of Nick Corwin">Hubbard Woods Elementary School</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_Oakland_Elementary_School_shooting" title="1988 Oakland Elementary School shooting">Oakland Elementary School</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_Stockton_schoolyard_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Stockton schoolyard shooting">Cleveland Elementary School</a> (1989)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_University_of_Iowa_shooting" title="1991 University of Iowa shooting">University of Iowa</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_Lindhurst_High_School_shooting" title="1992 Lindhurst High School shooting">Lindhurst High School</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_Bard_College_at_Simon%27s_Rock_shooting" title="1992 Bard College at Simon's Rock shooting">Bard College at Simon's Rock</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1993_East_Carter_High_School_shooting" title="1993 East Carter High School shooting">East Carter High School</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_Wickliffe_Middle_School_shooting" title="1994 Wickliffe Middle School shooting">Wickliffe Middle School</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_Blackville%E2%80%93Hilda_High_School_shooting" title="1995 Blackville–Hilda High School shooting">Blackville–Hilda High School</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_Richland_High_School_shooting" title="1995 Richland High School shooting">Richland High School</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_Frontier_Middle_School_shooting" title="1996 Frontier Middle School shooting">Frontier Middle School</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_San_Diego_State_University_shooting" title="1996 San Diego State University shooting">San Diego State University</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_Bethel_Regional_High_School_shooting" title="1997 Bethel Regional High School shooting">Bethel Regional High School</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_Pearl_High_School_shooting" title="1997 Pearl High School shooting">Pearl High School</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_Heath_High_School_shooting" title="1997 Heath High School shooting">Heath High School</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Westside_Middle_School_shooting" title="1998 Westside Middle School shooting">Westside Middle School</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Parker_Middle_School_dance_shooting" title="1998 Parker Middle School dance shooting">Parker Middle School</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Thurston_High_School_shooting" title="1998 Thurston High School shooting">Thurston High School</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine High School</a> (1999)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000 to present<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_(2000%E2%80%93present)" title="List of school shootings in the United States (2000–present)">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Kayla_Rolland" title="Killing of Kayla Rolland">Buell Elementary School</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Brazill" title="Nathaniel Brazill">Lake Worth Middle School</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_University_of_Arkansas_shooting" title="2000 University of Arkansas shooting">University of Arkansas</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_Santana_High_School_shooting" title="2001 Santana High School shooting">Santana High School</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Appalachian_School_of_Law_shooting" title="2002 Appalachian School of Law shooting">Appalachian School of Law</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_John_McDonogh_High_School_shooting" title="2003 John McDonogh High School shooting">John McDonogh High School</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Case_Western_Reserve_University_shooting" title="2003 Case Western Reserve University shooting">Case Western Reserve University</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Rocori_High_School_shooting" title="2003 Rocori High School shooting">Rocori High School</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Lake_shootings" title="Red Lake shootings">Red Lake Senior High School</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_Campbell_County_High_School_shooting" title="2005 Campbell County High School shooting">Campbell County High School</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Pine_Middle_School_shooting" title="2006 Pine Middle School shooting">Pine Middle School</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Platte_Canyon_High_School_hostage_crisis" title="2006 Platte Canyon High School hostage crisis">Platte Canyon High School</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Weston_High_School_shooting" title="2006 Weston High School shooting">Weston High School</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_West_Nickel_Mines_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 West Nickel Mines School shooting">West Nickel Mines School</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Tech_shooting" title="Virginia Tech shooting">Virginia Tech</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_Delaware_State_University_shooting" title="2007 Delaware State University shooting">Delaware State University</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_SuccessTech_Academy_shooting" title="2007 SuccessTech Academy shooting">SuccessTech Academy</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Northern_Illinois_University_shooting" title="2008 Northern Illinois University shooting">Northern Illinois University</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Larry_King" title="Murder of Larry King">E.O. Junior High School</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_University_of_Central_Arkansas_shooting" title="2008 University of Central Arkansas shooting">University of Central Arkansas</a> (2008)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_University_of_Alabama_in_Huntsville_shooting" title="2010 University of Alabama in Huntsville shooting">University of Alabama in Huntsville</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Chardon_High_School_shooting" title="2012 Chardon High School shooting">Chardon High School</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Oikos_University_shooting" title="2012 Oikos University shooting">Oikos University</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Elementary_School_shooting" title="Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting">Sandy Hook Elementary School</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Santa_Monica_shootings" title="2013 Santa Monica shootings">Santa Monica College</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Sparks_Middle_School_shooting" title="2013 Sparks Middle School shooting">Sparks Middle School</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Marysville_Pilchuck_High_School_shooting" title="2014 Marysville Pilchuck High School shooting">Marysville Pilchuck High School</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Umpqua_Community_College_shooting" title="2015 Umpqua Community College shooting">Umpqua Community College</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Northern_Arizona_University_shooting" title="2015 Northern Arizona University shooting">Northern Arizona University</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_UCLA_shooting" title="2016 UCLA shooting">University of California, Los Angeles</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_shooting_of_Dallas_police_officers" title="2016 shooting of Dallas police officers">El Centro College</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Townville_Elementary_School_shooting" title="2016 Townville Elementary School shooting">Townville Elementary School</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_North_Park_Elementary_School_shooting" title="2017 North Park Elementary School shooting">North Park Elementary School</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rancho_Tehama_shootings" title="Rancho Tehama shootings">Rancho Tehama Elementary School</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Aztec_High_School_shooting" title="2017 Aztec High School shooting">Aztec High School</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Marshall_County_High_School_shooting" title="2018 Marshall County High School shooting">Marshall County High School</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Parkland_high_school_shooting" title="Parkland high school shooting">Stoneman Douglas High School</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Santa_Fe_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Santa Fe High School shooting">Santa Fe High School</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Noblesville_West_Middle_School_shooting" title="2018 Noblesville West Middle School shooting">Noblesville West Middle School</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_University_of_North_Carolina_at_Charlotte_shooting" title="2019 University of North Carolina at Charlotte shooting">University of North Carolina at Charlotte</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_STEM_School_Highlands_Ranch_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 STEM School Highlands Ranch shooting">STEM School Highlands Ranch</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Saugus_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Saugus High School shooting">Saugus High School</a> (2019)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_High_School_shooting" title="Oxford High School shooting">Oxford High School</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Richard_Ward" title="Killing of Richard Ward">Liberty Point International Middle School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_East_High_School_shooting" title="2022 East High School shooting">East High School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund Burke School shooting">Edmund Burke School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uvalde_school_shooting" title="Uvalde school shooting">Robb Elementary School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Oakland_school_shooting" title="2022 Oakland school shooting">Rusdale High School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Central_Visual_and_Performing_Arts_High_School_shooting" title="2022 Central Visual and Performing Arts High School shooting">Central Visual and Performing Arts High School</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_University_of_Virginia_shooting" title="2022 University of Virginia shooting">University of Virginia</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Abby_Zwerner" title="Shooting of Abby Zwerner">Richneck Elementary School</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Michigan_State_University_shooting" title="2023 Michigan State University shooting">Michigan State University</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nashville_school_shooting" title="2023 Nashville school shooting">Covenant School</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Richmond_shooting" title="2023 Richmond shooting">Virginia Commonwealth University</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Zijie_Yan" title="Killing of Zijie Yan">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_University_of_Nevada,_Las_Vegas_shooting" title="2023 University of Nevada, Las Vegas shooting">University of Nevada, Las Vegas</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perry_High_School_shooting" title="Perry High School shooting">Perry High School</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_Apalachee_High_School_shooting" title="2024 Apalachee High School shooting">Apalachee High School</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_University_shooting" title="Tuskegee University shooting">Tuskegee University</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feather_River_School_shooting" title="Feather River School shooting">Feather River School</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abundant_Life_Christian_School_shooting" title="Abundant Life Christian School shooting">Abundant Life Christian School</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antioch_High_School_shooting" title="Antioch High School shooting">Antioch High School</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and<br />television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Deadly_Tower" title="The Deadly Tower">The Deadly Tower</a></i> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Detention:_The_Siege_at_Johnson_High" title="Detention: The Siege at Johnson High">Detention: The Siege at Johnson High</a></i> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Duck!_The_Carbine_High_Massacre" title="Duck! The Carbine High Massacre">Duck! The Carbine High Massacre</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bang_Bang_You%27re_Dead_(film)" title="Bang Bang You're Dead (film)">Bang Bang You're Dead</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bowling_for_Columbine" title="Bowling for Columbine">Bowling for Columbine</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_America_(film)" title="Heart of America (film)">Heart of America</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Home_Room_(2002_film)" title="Home Room (2002 film)">Home Room</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/List_of_Static_Shock_episodes#Season_2_(2002)#ep24" title="List of Static Shock episodes">Jimmy</a>" (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(2003_film)" title="Elephant (2003 film)">Elephant</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Zero_Day_(2003_film)" title="Zero Day (2003 film)">Zero Day</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/American_Yearbook" title="American Yearbook">American Yearbook</a></i> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Time_Stands_Still_(Degrassi:_The_Next_Generation)" title="Time Stands Still (Degrassi: The Next Generation)">Time Stands Still</a>" (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Only_Way_(2004_film)" title="The Only Way (2004 film)">The Only Way</a></i> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_Anna" title="Dawn Anna">Dawn Anna</a></i> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Boys_Love_Mandy_Lane" title="All the Boys Love Mandy Lane">All the Boys Love Mandy Lane</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/American_Gun_(2005_film)" title="American Gun (2005 film)">American Gun</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/State%27s_Evidence" title="State's Evidence">State's Evidence</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_Before_Her_Eyes" title="The Life Before Her Eyes">The Life Before Her Eyes</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/April_Showers_(2009_film)" title="April Showers (2009 film)">April Showers</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Boy_(2010_film)" title="Beautiful Boy (2010 film)">Beautiful Boy</a></i> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/We_Need_to_Talk_About_Kevin_(film)" title="We Need to Talk About Kevin (film)">We Need to Talk About Kevin</a></i> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hello_Herman" title="Hello Herman">Hello Herman</a></i> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/White_Rabbit_(2013_film)" title="White Rabbit (2013 film)">White Rabbit</a></i> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rudderless" title="Rudderless">Rudderless</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sins_of_Our_Youth" title="Sins of Our Youth">Sins of Our Youth</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cokeville_Miracle" title="The Cokeville Miracle">The Cokeville Miracle</a></i> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Ashamed" title="I'm Not Ashamed">I'm Not Ashamed</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Tower_(2016_film)" title="Tower (2016 film)">Tower</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Dead_Kids_(South_Park)" title="Dead Kids (South Park)">Dead Kids</a>" (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Vox_Lux" title="Vox Lux">Vox Lux</a></i> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Safety_(2019_film)" title="Safety (2019 film)">Safety</a></i> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/If_Anything_Happens_I_Love_You" title="If Anything Happens I Love You">If Anything Happens I Love You</a></i> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Run_Hide_Fight" title="Run Hide Fight">Run Hide Fight</a></i> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fallout_(film)" title="The Fallout (film)">The Fallout</a></i> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mass_(2021_film)" title="Mass (2021 film)">Mass</a></i> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Eric_Larue" title="Eric Larue">Eric Larue</a></i> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Graduates_(2023_film)" title="The Graduates (2023 film)">The Graduates</a></i> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Truth_vs._Alex_Jones" title="The Truth vs. Alex Jones">The Truth vs. Alex Jones</a></i> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Give_a_Boy_a_Gun" title="Give a Boy a Gun">Give a Boy a Gun</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Nobody_Left_to_Hate" title="Nobody Left to Hate">Nobody Left to Hate</a></i> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/No_Easy_Answers" title="No Easy Answers">No Easy Answers</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/After_(Prose_novel)" title="After (Prose novel)">After</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Columbine_(book)" title="Columbine (book)">Columbine</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hate_List" title="Hate List">Hate List</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/%27No_Way_to_Prevent_This,%27_Says_Only_Nation_Where_This_Regularly_Happens" title="'No Way to Prevent This,' Says Only Nation Where This Regularly Happens"><span style="padding-left:0.15em;">'</span>No Way to Prevent This,' Says Only Nation Where This Regularly Happens</a>" (2014–)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mother%27s_Reckoning" title="A Mother's Reckoning">A Mother's Reckoning</a></i> (2016)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bang_Bang_You%27re_Dead_(play)" title="Bang Bang You're Dead (play)">Bang Bang You're Dead</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Pico%27s_School" title="Pico's School">Pico's School</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lullaby_for_Columbine" title="Lullaby for Columbine">Lullaby for Columbine</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Shoot_(Hellblazer)" title="Shoot (Hellblazer)">Shoot</a>" (1999/2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Nobodies_(song)" title="The Nobodies (song)">The Nobodies</a>" (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Columbinus" title="Columbinus">Columbinus</a></i> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Columbine_Massacre_RPG!" title="Super Columbine Massacre RPG!">Super Columbine Massacre RPG!</a></i> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/V-Tech_Rampage" title="V-Tech Rampage">V-Tech Rampage</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day_(song)" title="Valentine's Day (song)">Valentine's Day</a>" (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Library_(play)" title="The Library (play)">The Library</a></i> (2014)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related terms<br />and topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Active_shooter" title="Active shooter">Active shooter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Columbine_effect" title="Columbine effect">Columbine effect</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gun_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Gun violence in the United States">Gun violence in the United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_by_death_toll" title="List of school shootings in the United States by death toll">List of school shootings in the United States by death toll</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings in the United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thoughts_and_prayers" title="Thoughts and prayers">Thoughts and prayers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/School_shooting" title="School shooting">School shooting</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/School_violence" title="School violence">School violence</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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