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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>性质</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关性质子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-物理性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>物理性质</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化学性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化学性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>化学性质</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-反應生成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#反應生成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>反應生成</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-反應生成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生產" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生產"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>生產</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生產-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生產子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生產-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晶相" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晶相"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>晶相</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晶相-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>應用</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-應用-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关應用子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-肥料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#肥料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>肥料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-肥料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-爆破" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#爆破"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>爆破</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-爆破-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-與燃油混合" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#與燃油混合"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>與燃油混合</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-與燃油混合-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-利基應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#利基應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>利基應用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-利基應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-出口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#出口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>出口</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-出口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-安全、管理和儲存" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#安全、管理和儲存"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>安全、管理和儲存</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-安全、管理和儲存-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-健康危害" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#健康危害"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>健康危害</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-健康危害-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-災害" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#災害"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>災害</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-災害-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关災害子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-災害-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">硝酸铵</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。67种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitraat" title="Ammoniumnitraat – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ammoniumnitraat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="نترات الأمونيوم – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نترات الأمونيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitratu_d%27amoniu" title="Nitratu d'amoniu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nitratu d'amoniu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrat" title="Ammonium nitrat – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ammonium nitrat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="آمونیوم نیترات – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمونیوم نیترات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Амониев нитрат – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амониев нитрат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="অ্যামোনিয়াম নাইট্রেট – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যামোনিয়াম নাইট্রেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrat_d%27amoni" title="Nitrat d'amoni – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nitrat d'amoni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusi%C4%8Dnan_amonn%C3%BD" title="Dusičnan amonný – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dusičnan amonný" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%C4%95" title="Аммоний нитрачĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аммоний нитрачĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitrat" title="Ammoniumnitrat – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ammoniumnitrat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitrat" title="Ammoniumnitrat – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ammoniumnitrat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Νιτρικό αμμώνιο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νιτρικό αμμώνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ammonium nitrate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonia_nitrato" title="Amonia nitrato – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amonia nitrato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrato_de_amonio" title="Nitrato de amonio – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nitrato de amonio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonio_nitrato" title="Amonio nitrato – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amonio nitrato" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="آمونیوم نیترات – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمونیوم نیترات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitraatti" title="Ammoniumnitraatti – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ammoniumnitraatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate_d%27ammonium" title="Nitrate d'ammonium – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nitrate d'ammonium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrato_de_amonio" title="Nitrato de amonio – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nitrato de amonio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%AA%D7%99" title="אמוניום חנקתי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמוניום חנקתי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="अमोनियम नाइट्रेट – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अमोनियम नाइट्रेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonijev_nitrat" title="Amonijev nitrat – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amonijev nitrat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amm%C3%B3nium-nitr%C3%A1t" title="Ammónium-nitrát – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ammónium-nitrát" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF" title="Ամոնիումի նիտրատ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամոնիումի նիտրատ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonium_nitrat" title="Amonium nitrat – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amonium nitrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amm%C3%B3n%C3%ADumn%C3%ADtrat" title="Ammóníumnítrat – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ammóníumnítrat" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrato_d%27ammonio" title="Nitrato d'ammonio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nitrato d'ammonio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="硝酸アンモニウム – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="硝酸アンモニウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonium_nitrat" title="Amonium nitrat – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Amonium nitrat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Аммиак селитрасы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аммиак селитрасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%88%EC%82%B0_%EC%95%94%EB%AA%A8%EB%8A%84" title="질산 암모늄 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="질산 암모늄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amony%C3%BBmn%C3%AEtrat" title="Amonyûmnîtrat – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Amonyûmnîtrat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Аммоний нитраты – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аммоний нитраты" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonio_nitratas" title="Amonio nitratas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amonio nitratas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonija_nitr%C4%81ts" title="Amonija nitrāts – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amonija nitrāts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Амониум нитрат – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Амониум нитрат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="അമോണിയം നൈട്രേറ്റ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമോണിയം നൈട്രേറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Аммонийн нитрат – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аммонийн нитрат" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="अमोनियम नायट्रेट – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अमोनियम नायट्रेट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrat" title="Ammonium nitrat – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ammonium nitrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitraat" title="Ammoniumnitraat – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ammoniumnitraat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitrat" title="Ammoniumnitrat – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ammoniumnitrat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotan_amonu" title="Azotan amonu – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Azotan amonu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%BC%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%BC" title="امونيم نايټرېټ – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امونيم نايټرېټ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrato_de_am%C3%B4nio" title="Nitrato de amônio – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nitrato de amônio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotat_de_amoniu" title="Azotat de amoniu – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Azotat de amoniu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нитрат аммония – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нитрат аммония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="امونيم نائٽريت – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="امونيم نائٽريت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonijev_nitrat" title="Amonijev nitrat – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amonijev nitrat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ammonium nitrate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusi%C4%8Dnan_am%C3%B3nny" title="Dusičnan amónny – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dusičnan amónny" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonijev_nitrat" title="Amonijev nitrat – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amonijev nitrat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonijum_nitrat" title="Amonijum nitrat – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Amonijum nitrat" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniumnitrat" title="Ammoniumnitrat – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ammoniumnitrat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="அமோனியம் நைட்ரேட்டு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அமோனியம் நைட்ரேட்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="అమ్మోనియం నైట్రేట్ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అమ్మోనియం నైట్రేట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95" title="แอมโมเนียมไนเตรต – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอมโมเนียมไนเตรต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonyum_nitrat" title="Amonyum nitrat – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amonyum nitrat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8E" title="Нітрат амонію – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нітрат амонію" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="امونیم نائٹریٹ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امونیم نائٹریٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoniy_nitrat" title="Ammoniy nitrat – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ammoniy nitrat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoni_nitrat" title="Amoni nitrat – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amoni nitrat" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ammonium nitrate" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硝酸铵 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="硝酸铵" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ammonium_nitrate" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182329" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5%22">"硝酸铵"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請按照<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">校對指引</a>，幫助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit">编辑</a>這個條目。（<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:编辑">幫助</a>、<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="Talk:硝酸铵">討論</a>）</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84001320">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox nounderlines" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" rules="all" style="background-color:#f0f0f0; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-color: #aaaaaa; border-style:solid; border:1px; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; width:305px; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:120%; text-align:center; background:#d6e0dc;">硝酸铵 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="结构式：铵根（左）及硝酸根（右）"><img alt="结构式" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg/200px-Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg/300px-Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg/400px-Ammonium-nitrate-2D.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png" class="mw-file-description" title="H=white, N=blue, O=red"><img alt="Ammonium nitrate crystal structure" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png/200px-Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png/300px-Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png/400px-Ammonium-nitrate-xtal-3D-balls-A.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="硝酸铵晶体" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG/200px-Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG/300px-Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG/400px-Ammonium_nitrate_CN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="max-width:305px; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC命名法">IUPAC名</a><br />Ammonium nitrate </td></tr> <tr> <td>别名 </td> <td>硝铵、AN </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">识别 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CAS%E5%8F%B7" title="CAS号">CAS号</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=6484-52-2">6484-52-2</a></span> <sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/22985">22985</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/21511">21511</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/SMILES" class="mw-redirect" title="SMILES">SMILES</a> </td> <td><div style="word-break:break-all;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div> </div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span lang="en">[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH4+]</span></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86" title="国际化合物标识">InChI</a> </td> <td><div style="word-break:break-all;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div> </div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">1/NO3.H3N/c2-1(3)4;/h;1H3/q-1;/p+1</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86" title="国际化合物标识">InChIKey</a> </td> <td><small>DVARTQFDIMZBAA-IKLDFBCSAH</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%A9%E8%B4%A7%E7%89%A9%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" title="联合国危险货物编号">UN编号</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_UN_Numbers_0201_to_0300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of UN Numbers 0201 to 0300（页面不存在）">0222</a> – <i>with > 0.2% combustible substances</i><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_UN_Numbers_1901_to_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of UN Numbers 1901 to 2000（页面不存在）">1942</a> – <i>with <= 0.2% combustible substances</i><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_UN_Numbers_2001_to_2100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of UN Numbers 2001 to 2100（页面不存在）">2067</a> – <i>fertilizers</i><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_UN_Numbers_2401_to_2500&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of UN Numbers 2401 to 2500（页面不存在）">2426</a> – <i>liquid</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" title="化学物质毒性数据库">RTECS</a> </td> <td>BR9050000 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">性质 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="化学式">化学式</a> </td> <td><span lang="en">NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="摩尔质量">摩尔质量</a> </td> <td>80.04336 g·mol⁻¹ </td></tr> <tr> <td>外观 </td> <td>白色固体 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a> </td> <td>1.725 g/cm<sup>3</sup>（25 °C）<sup id="cite_ref-NLM_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLM-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a> </td> <td>169.6 °C<sup id="cite_ref-NLM_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLM-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E7%82%B9" title="沸点">沸点</a> </td> <td>约210°C时分解 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E8%A7%A3%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="溶解性">溶解性</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>） </td> <td>119 g/100 ml (0°C)<br />190 g/100 ml (20°C)<br />286 g/100 ml (40°C)<br />421 g/100 ml (60°C)<br />630 g/100 ml (80°C)<br />1024 g/100 ml (100°C) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">爆炸性 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="撞击感度">撞击感度</a> </td> <td>50 cm (50 kg), 0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%86%E9%80%9F" title="爆速">爆速</a> </td> <td>5,270 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%8F%E7%A7%92" title="米每秒">m/s</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">危险性 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%A9%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E3%80%81%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%85%E3%80%81%E6%A0%87%E7%A4%BA%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="危险物质的分类、包装、标示指令">欧盟分类</a> </td> <td>未列明 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704">NFPA 704</a> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; height: 85px; width: 75px;"> <div style="position: absolute; height: 75px; width: 75px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NFPA_704.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/75px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/113px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/150px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div title="可燃性" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 3px; font-size: large;"><span class="abbr" style="color: black;" title="可燃性0級。不會燃燒（如水）。"><b>0</b></span></div> <div title="健康" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; font-size: large;"><span class="abbr" style="color: black;" title="健康危險2級。高濃度或持續性暴露可能導致暫時失去行為能力或可能造成持續性傷害（如氯仿）。"><b>2</b></span></div> <div title="反應性" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; left: 37.5px; font-size: large;"><span class="abbr" style="color: black;" title="反應性3級。可能爆炸分解，但需要一個強的引發源，必須在密閉性容器内加熱方可引發，與水爆炸性反應，或重擊下爆炸（如氟氣）。"><b>3</b></span></div> <div title="其它危險" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 44px; font-size: small;"><span class="abbr" style="color: black;" title="氧化劑（如高氯酸鉀）"><b>OX</b></span></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">相关物质 </th></tr> <tr> <td>其他<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="阴离子">阴离子</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="亚硝酸铵">亚硝酸铵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="高氯酸铵">高氯酸铵</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>其他<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="阳离子">阳离子</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="硝酸钠">硝酸钠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硝酸钾">硝酸钾</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%BE%9F%E8%83%BA" title="硝酸羟胺">硝酸羟胺</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>相关化学品 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化二氮">一氧化二氮</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">若非注明，所有数据均出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="标准状态">标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）</a>下。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>硝酸銨</b>是一種化合物，是<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="銨">銨陽離子</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="硝酸鹽">硝酸鹽</a>。它的化學式是<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/27ff9a1a65169504e8012f2373d67e9b3a14ef40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:9.146ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3}}}"></span>（簡化為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {N2H4O3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {N2H4O3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cfa98e78e1b793bf9fc0ff645d72ff5575960ff3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:8.457ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {N2H4O3}}}"></span>），是一種白色的結晶固體，在水中溶解度高。它在农业上主要作為高氮肥料使用。<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>其他用途是作為採礦、採石和土木建築中使用的爆炸混合物的成分之一。它也是<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B5%E6%B2%B9%E7%82%B8%E8%8D%AF" title="铵油炸药">铵油炸药</a>的主要成分，這是一種普遍的工業<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E8%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="炸藥">炸藥</a>，佔北美炸藥的80％。類似的配方也用於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E6%98%93%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="簡易爆炸裝置">簡易爆炸裝置</a>（IED，俗稱<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%A3%BD%E7%82%B8%E5%BD%88" class="mw-redirect" title="土製炸彈">土製炸彈</a>）。由於擔心有被誤用的可能性，許多國家正把它從消費性應用中階段性淘汰。<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求开始于2023年2月23日。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性质"><span id=".E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>性质</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="物理性质"><span id=".E7.89.A9.E7.90.86.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>物理性质</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：物理性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸铵是無色斜方或單斜晶體，可溶於水、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%86%87" title="甲醇">甲醇</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87" title="乙醇">乙醇</a>。溶於水時能吸收大量熱能而降低溫度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化学性质"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>化学性质</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：化学性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸铵遇热能够分解。 </p> <ul><li>169 °C：<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fcd8c8c42cd0f808b2a596067f27cdd6418b076e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:29.005ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}"></span></li> <li>230 °C，反应迅速进行：<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {4NH4NO3 -> 2N2 (^) + 2N2O + 8H2O + O2 (^)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {4NH4NO3 -> 2N2 (^) + 2N2O + 8H2O + O2 (^)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a14d36f1edd69f23cebc23d5e6d28af2020e3ea" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:46.157ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {4NH4NO3 -> 2N2 (^) + 2N2O + 8H2O + O2 (^)}}}"></span></li> <li>300 °C：<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {5NH4NO3 ->[\Delta]4N2 (^) + 2HNO3 + 9H2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <mover> <mo>→</mo> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mpadded> </mover> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>HNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {5NH4NO3 ->[\Delta]4N2 (^) + 2HNO3 + 9H2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0042134a86cf3cffc37578883039413ecd0f2e55" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; margin-top: -0.441ex; width:39.922ex; height:4.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {5NH4NO3 ->[\Delta]4N2 (^) + 2HNO3 + 9H2O}}}"></span></li> <li>400 °C以上，反应极为猛烈：<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2NH4NO3 ->[\Delta] 4H2O + 2N2 (^) + O2 (^)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <mover> <mo>→</mo> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mpadded> </mover> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2NH4NO3 ->[\Delta] 4H2O + 2N2 (^) + O2 (^)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d679ed931d0b3b9ee4ad3a41886977e474937410" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; margin-top: -0.441ex; width:36.048ex; height:4.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {2NH4NO3 ->[\Delta] 4H2O + 2N2 (^) + O2 (^)}}}"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="反應生成"><span id=".E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89.E7.94.9F.E6.88.90"></span>反應生成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：反應生成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸銨在<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a>最乾旱的地區<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%96%E5%8A%A0%E9%A6%AC%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0" title="阿他加馬沙漠">阿塔卡馬沙漠</a>被發現為天然礦物（硝石礦物例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%88%89" title="硝酸鈉">硝酸鈉</a>），它通常是在地表層和/或與其他硝酸鹽，氯酸鹽，碘酸鹽和鹵化物礦物質結合一起。過去硝酸銨在那裡開採，但現在使用的化學物質幾乎都是是合成的。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生產"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.94.A2"></span>生產</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：生產"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸銨的工業化生產涉及氨與硝酸的酸鹼反應： </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {HNO3 + NH3 -> NH4NO3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>HNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {HNO3 + NH3 -> NH4NO3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0c04d92fd35f4e9413b768fd59d32eb372922d46" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:27.971ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {HNO3 + NH3 -> NH4NO3}}}"></span> </p><p><b>合成方法：</b> </p> <ol><li>由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="氨水">氨水</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>作用製成。 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3*H2O(aq) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(aq) + H2O(l)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>⋅</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>aq</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>aq</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>aq</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>l</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3*H2O(aq) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(aq) + H2O(l)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/abd35b18dff1e6be3ab537300effc36c1c441b49" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:56.756ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3*H2O(aq) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(aq) + H2O(l)}}}"></span></li> <li>把<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氨气">氨氣</a>吸收在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>中製成。 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3(g) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(s)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>g</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>aq</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>s</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3(g) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(s)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d0f0e572e51254215e718bb15fa98018ae17ae24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:37.868ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3(g) + HNO3(aq) -> NH4NO3(s)}}}"></span></li></ol> <p>氨以無水形式（即氣體形式）使用，硝酸則是高濃度的。這種反應是劇烈的，由於其高放熱性的物質本性。通常溶液形成後的濃度約為83％，剩餘的水會依據等級不同，被蒸發成濃度95％至99.9％的硝酸銨（AN熔體）。然後將95％至99.9％的AN熔體在噴霧塔中製成“顆粒”或小珠，或者通過在旋轉的滾筒中噴霧和翻滾而製成稍大顆粒。小顆粒或大顆粒都可以進一步乾燥，冷卻，然後包膜以防止結塊。這些小或大顆粒是典型的AN商業產品。 </p><p>該方法所需的氨可通過<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%9F%8F%E6%B3%95" title="哈柏法">哈伯法</a>（Haber process）從氮和氫獲得。由哈伯法生產的氨再通過<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%A3%AB%E8%8F%AF%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="奧士華法">奧士華法</a>（Ostwald process）可氧化成硝酸。另一種生產方法是變形的硝磷銨法（Odda process）： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {Ca(NO3)2 + 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O -> 2NH4NO3 + CaCO3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>Ca</mtext> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CaCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {Ca(NO3)2 + 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O -> 2NH4NO3 + CaCO3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/24ffb594ccfa659a7036231a014ea34fa9d8262d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:60.079ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {Ca(NO3)2 + 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O -> 2NH4NO3 + CaCO3}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>產物<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%88%A3" title="碳酸鈣">碳酸鈣</a>和硝酸銨可以純化分離或者以鈣化硝酸銨的形式出售。硝酸銨也可以通過复分解反應得到： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 -> NH4NO3 + BaSO4 v (s)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>SO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mtext>Ba</mtext> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>BaSO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↓</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>s</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 -> NH4NO3 + BaSO4 v (s)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9c14e23b64897761289d17086160e908f5c04e8c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:52.609ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 -> NH4NO3 + BaSO4 v (s)}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl + AgNO3 -> NH4NO3 + AgCl(s)}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>Cl</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>AgNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mtext>AgCl</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>s</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl + AgNO3 -> NH4NO3 + AgCl(s)}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/70145f98288bb7198f426326938c2e81cd7d066c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:42.255ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl + AgNO3 -> NH4NO3 + AgCl(s)}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="反應"><span id=".E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸銨可與金屬氫氧化物反應，釋放氨並形成金屬硝酸鹽： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 + MOH -> NH3 + H2O + MNO3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mtext>MOH</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>MNO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 + MOH -> NH3 + H2O + MNO3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1263bc19013b27837f3a33861fe356f472cecd21" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:44.328ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 + MOH -> NH3 + H2O + MNO3}}}"></span>（M = Na，K等）</dd></dl> <p>硝酸銨加熱時不會有殘留物： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>NO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>N</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fcd8c8c42cd0f808b2a596067f27cdd6418b076e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:29.005ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4NO3 -> N2O ^ + 2H2O}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>硝酸銨也是可以由排放入大氣中的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化氮">NO</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">SO<sub>2</sub></a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8" title="氨">NH<sub>3</sub></a>化合形成，也是PM10的次要成分。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晶相"><span id=".E6.99.B6.E7.9B.B8"></span>晶相</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：晶相"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於條件變化（例如溫度，壓力）導致的晶體狀態的變化影響硝酸銨的物理性質。下述結晶狀態已被確認：<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>晶系</b> </td> <td><b>溫度 (°C)</b> </td> <td><b>狀態</b> </td> <td><b>體積變化 (%)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td>> 169.6 </td> <td><b>液體</b> </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>I </td> <td>169.6 to 125.2 </td> <td><b>立方(等軸)晶系</b> </td> <td>-2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>II </td> <td>125.2 to 84.2 </td> <td><b>四方(正方)晶系</b> </td> <td>+1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>III </td> <td>84.2 to 32.3 </td> <td><b>α-斜方晶系</b> </td> <td>-3.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>IV </td> <td>32.3 to −16.8 </td> <td><b>β-斜方晶系</b> </td> <td>+2.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>V </td> <td>−16.8 </td> <td><b>四方(正方)晶系</b> </td> <td>  </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>第五(V)型晶體是與<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%93%AF" title="氯化铯">氯化銫</a>相關的類立方形式，硝酸根陰離子的氮原子和銨陽離子的氮原子在晶格中的位置對應CsCl晶格中的Cs和Cl。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應用"><span id=".E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="肥料"><span id=".E8.82.A5.E6.96.99"></span>肥料</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：肥料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸铵是一种重要的肥料，NPK等级为34-0-0（34%氮）。它的浓度低于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BF%E7%B4%A0" title="尿素">尿素</a>（46-0-0）<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，使硝酸铵在运输方面稍有劣势。硝酸铵比尿素的优势在于它更稳定，不会迅速向大气中损失氮。不過，硝酸铵是一种危险的物质，因为它具有高度爆炸性。因此，其制造和储存的规定非常严格，尤其是在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>根据法规，这些产品需要被检查与测试，并且技术文档必须证明产品的安全性。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 如果不加重视，则可能引发严重的安全事故，例如在贝鲁特发生的事故。 </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="爆破"><span id=".E7.88.86.E7.A0.B4"></span>爆破</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：爆破"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸銨本身不是一種爆炸物，<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 但當與主要爆炸物如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="叠氮化合物">疊氮化物</a>或燃料如<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">鋁</a>粉或燃料油組合時，它很容易形成具有不同性能的爆炸性混合物。 </p><p>硝酸銨在敏感度方面而言是極其鈍感的<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E8%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="炸藥">炸藥</a>，比安全炸藥<a href="/wiki/C4%E7%82%B8%E8%8D%AF" title="C4炸药">C4炸药</a>更为鈍感。一支工業8#<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E7%AE%A1" title="雷管">雷管</a>（起爆C4炸药只需要6#）都不足以起爆混合了敏化劑的硝酸銨。硝酸銨是最難引爆的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>炸藥，<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="撞击感度">撞擊感度</a>是：50kg鎚50cm落高，0%爆炸。相比起著名炸藥<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E5%8C%96%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="硝化甘油">硝化甘油</a>的200g鎚，20cm落高，100%爆炸的感度，可见硝酸铵的钝感。而且硝酸銨一旦溶於水，起爆感度更是大大下降，人類根本不可能把它撞擊引爆。 </p><p>硝酸铵对高温的耐受力较差，分解温度一般大于或等于180度，但一般不会爆炸性分解。但当硝酸铵暴露于过高温度时便会有发生爆炸性分解的风险。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="與燃油混合"><span id=".E8.88.87.E7.87.83.E6.B2.B9.E6.B7.B7.E5.90.88"></span>與燃油混合</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：與燃油混合"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>肥料炸彈（ANFO）是94％硝酸銨（“AN”）和6％燃油（“FO”）的混合物，被廣泛用作散裝工業炸藥。<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:1</sup>ANFO低成本和易於使用的優點用於採煤、採石、金屬開採等初階應用，不論在耐水性、氧氣平衡、高爆震速度和小直徑性能等都比傳統工業炸藥更好。<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="利基應用"><span id=".E5.88.A9.E5.9F.BA.E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>利基應用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：利基應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因為硝酸銨在水中的溶解是高度吸熱的，因此其使用於某些即溶冰敷袋上。它也被用於獨立爆炸的“燃料”，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E8%83%8D" title="硝酸胍">硝酸胍</a>，<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>日本的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%A3%E5%9B%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="安全氣囊">安全氣囊</a>大廠高田公司製造的安全氣囊的氣體中使用硝酸銨作為<a href="/wiki/5-%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%9B%E5%94%91" title="5-氨基四唑">5-氨基四唑</a>的低成本（但不太穩定）替代品。因沒有加入<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E7%87%A5%E5%89%82" title="干燥剂">乾燥劑</a>，使得硝酸銨會因為久了之後受潮及高溫而變質，當氣囊作動時會因力道過大而使零件碎片飛散，反而造成車上駕駛及乘客因此受傷甚至死亡，並在造成14人死亡後因不安全被召回。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>受影響的汽車品牌甚廣，全球召回的車輛達上千萬輛。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>硝酸铵除了工業用、軍用<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E8%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="炸藥">炸藥</a>，及製作<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E8%82%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="化肥">氮肥</a>之外，也可用於製作<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BA%E8%9F%B2%E5%8A%91" title="殺蟲劑">殺蟲劑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%87%8D%E5%8A%91" title="冷凍劑">冷凍劑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化氮">氧化氮</a>吸收劑、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%91%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="笑氣">笑氣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E7%81%AB" title="烟火">煙火</a>等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="出口"><span id=".E5.87.BA.E5.8F.A3"></span>出口</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：出口"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據Knoema網站的數據，2017年前5大出口國分別為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄羅斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A" title="格鲁吉亚">喬治亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚">保加利亞</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美國</a>。但<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中國</a>的出口數據未列入其中。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="安全、管理和儲存"><span id=".E5.AE.89.E5.85.A8.E3.80.81.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86.E5.92.8C.E5.84.B2.E5.AD.98"></span>安全、管理和儲存</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：安全、管理和儲存"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>健康和安全數據記載在供應商提供的安全資料表上，在網際網路上可以找到。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>為了因應數起導致許多人死亡的爆炸，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国家环境保护局">美國環境保護署</a>（EPA），職業安全與健康管理局（OSHA）以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%8F%B8%E9%85%92%E6%A7%8D%E7%82%AE%E5%8F%8A%E7%88%86%E8%A3%82%E7%89%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B1%80" title="美國菸酒槍炮及爆裂物管理局">美國菸酒槍炮及爆裂物管理局</a>(ATF) 聯合頒布了安全準則。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>加熱或任何點火源可能會引起劇烈的燃燒或爆炸。<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>硝酸銨可與可燃和還原材料反應，因為它是一種強氧化劑。雖然主要是用於肥料，但亦可用於爆炸物。有時候用來開鑿土地做農場池塘。<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>硝酸銨也用於改變其他爆炸物的爆炸速度，例如把<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%AF" title="三硝基甲苯">三硝基甲苯</a>（TNT）轉變成<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%A6%AC%E6%89%98" title="阿馬托">阿馬托炸藥</a>（一種無煙炸藥）。 </p><p>硝酸銨的儲存和處理有許多可行的安全準則。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>硝酸銨不應該存放在易燃物質附近。硝酸銨與某些物質如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="氯酸盐">氯酸鹽</a>，無機酸和金屬硫化物不相容，接觸會導致劇烈或甚至猛烈的分解。<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>硝酸銨的臨界相對濕度為59.4％，高於此值將吸收大氣中的水分。因此，將硝酸銨儲存在密封容器中是很重要的。否則它會吸濕結成塊。硝酸銨可以吸收足夠的水分液化。將硝酸銨與某些其他肥料混合可以降低臨界相對濕度。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>這種材料有被作為爆炸物的潛在性，促使了監管措施。例如，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a>，“危險品條例”於2005年8月生效，以執行處理此類物質的許可。<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>許可證僅授予申請者（工業），並採取適當的安全措施，以防止任何濫用。<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>其他用途，如教育和研究目的可以考慮使用，但個人使用則不允許。有執照處理該物質的人員仍須經授權人員監督，並在執照獲得許可前應該要通過安全和國家警察檢查。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="健康危害"><span id=".E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7.E5.8D.B1.E5.AE.B3"></span>健康危害</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：健康危害"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據健康和安全數據顯示，在安全資料表中，硝酸銨可從供應商處獲得，並可在網際網路上找到。<sup id="cite_ref-MSDS_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSDS-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>硝酸銨對健康並不十分有害，通常用於化肥產品。<sup id="cite_ref-MSDS_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSDS-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>硝酸銨的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%95%B8%E8%87%B4%E6%AD%BB%E9%87%8F" title="半數致死量">半數致死劑量</a>（LD<sub>50</sub>）為2217毫克/公斤（有毒物質的質量和試驗生物體重比），<sup id="cite_ref-MSDS1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSDS1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>其比較約為食用鹽的三分之二。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="災害"><span id=".E7.81.BD.E5.AE.B3"></span>災害</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：災害"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>硝酸銨在加熱時分解成<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化二氮">一氧化二氮</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%94" title="水蒸气">水蒸氣</a>（不是爆炸性反應）。然而，它可以被爆炸引起熱風分解。由於硝酸銨本身可提供燃燒所需氧氣，所以大量儲存的硝酸銨會有很高的火災風險，而且也可能被引爆。 </p><p>導致爆炸的兩大主要類型是： </p> <ul><li>由於引爆機制的轉變而產生爆炸。先是從一堆爆炸物中的炸藥包起爆，接著由爆炸外殼射進易爆物引爆，或由爆炸混合物與一堆易爆物接觸引爆。例子是Kriewald，Morgan（今日Sayreville，新澤西州），Oppau和Tessenderlo。</li> <li>爆炸是由火災蔓延到硝酸銨本身（德克薩斯城，布雷斯特，奧克代爾PA），或由火災中的硝酸銨與可燃物的混合物（Repauno，切諾基，Nadadores）造成。火災至少需要在一定的溫度上，完成從燃燒到爆炸的轉換（一種稱為“爆燃到爆轟轉變”的現象）。純的、緊湊的硝酸銨(AN)是穩定的，很難點燃，並且許多情況下，甚至不穩定的AN都沒有在火中爆炸。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故"><span id=".E7.A1.9D.E9.85.B8.E9.8A.A8.E5.BC.95.E8.B5.B7.E7.9A.84.E9.87.8D.E5.A4.A7.E7.88.86.E7.82.B8.E4.BA.8B.E6.95.85"></span>硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：硝酸銨引起的重大爆炸事故"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%8E%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE" title="德克萨斯城灾难">德克萨斯城灾难</a>：1947年4月16日清晨，一艘停泊于美国<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%8E" title="德克薩斯城">德克萨斯城</a>的货轮Grand Camp号起火，引爆了船上的2300吨硝酸铵。爆炸还产生了连锁反应，导致附近的化工厂爆炸。冲天的大火直衝云霄，全城都能看见港口上升起的橙色浓烟。这次爆炸令大约600人死亡，3500多人受伤，被认为是美国历史上最严重的工业爆炸事故。</li> <li>1963年1月9日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8D%A2" title="奥卢">奥卢</a>(Oulu)一家生产硝酸铵的化工厂发生爆炸，10人死亡。</li> <li>1994年6月23日凌晨，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津市</a>冶金局铝材厂在加温硝酸铵过程中，因未严格按照安全操作规程操作，致使池内的硝酸铵发生爆炸，与该厂相邻的大部分建筑物被摧毁，造成10人死亡，23人受伤。</li> <li>1994年7月28日中午，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E6%BA%AA%E5%8E%BF" title="蓬溪县">蓬溪县</a>某化肥厂由于管理不善，4名儿童混入了该厂硝酸铵库房背后，利用库房通风洞给灶炉点火烤鱼吃，结果火苗从通风洞引燃了百叶窗，紧接着又引燃了库房内的硝酸铵。致使147人中毒住院抢救，3人抢救无效死亡。</li> <li>2001年9月21日，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%8D%A2%E5%85%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="图卢兹">图卢兹</a>AZF化工厂20-120吨硝酸铵发生爆炸，TNT当量为20-40吨，导致31人死亡，约2500人受伤。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004%E5%B9%B4%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E9%BE%99%E5%B7%9D%E7%81%AB%E8%BD%A6%E7%AB%99%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="2004年朝鲜龙川火车站爆炸事件">朝鲜龙川火车站爆炸事件</a>：发生于2004年4月22日，至少161人死亡，1300多人受伤。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B8%AF%E5%8D%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%93%81%E5%80%89%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85" title="2015年天津港危化品倉庫爆炸事故">天津港危化品倉庫爆炸事故</a>：發生於2015年，造成165人死亡。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E8%B2%9D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85" title="2020年貝魯特爆炸事故">貝魯特爆炸事故</a>：發生於2020年8月4日，造成至少220人以上死亡。<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NLM-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NLM_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a 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Regulations</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-05-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323124216/http://www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/sessionalview/sessional/subordleg/2005-531.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2012-03-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.btitle=Dangerous+Goods+%28HCDG%29+Regulations&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.nsw.gov.au%2Fsessionalview%2Fsessional%2Fsubordleg%2F2005-531.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ammonium Nitrate-Regulating its use, Balancing Access & Protection from <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110311054639/http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/wsinternet/worksafe/home/forms+and+publications/publications/import_ammonium+nitrate+-+regulating+its+use%2C+balancing+access+_+protection">Worksafe Victoria</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/wsinternet/worksafe/home/forms+and+publications/publications/import_ammonium+nitrate+-+regulating+its+use%2C+balancing+access+_+protection">原始内容</a>存档于2011-03-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.btitle=Worksafe+Victoria&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worksafe.vic.gov.au%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2Fwsinternet%2Fworksafe%2Fhome%2Fforms%2Band%2Bpublications%2Fpublications%2Fimport_ammonium%2Bnitrate%2B-%2Bregulating%2Bits%2Buse%252C%2Bbalancing%2Baccess%2B_%2Bprotection&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSDS-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MSDS_24-0"><sup><b>24.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MSDS_24-1"><sup><b>24.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">CF Industries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327104129/http://www.cfindustries.com/pdf/Ammonium-Nitrate-Amtrate-MSDS.pdf">Ammonium nitrate MSDS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfindustries.com/pdf/Ammonium-Nitrate-Amtrate-MSDS.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2014-03-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.au=CF+Industries&rft.btitle=Ammonium+nitrate+MSDS&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfindustries.com%2Fpdf%2FAmmonium-Nitrate-Amtrate-MSDS.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120110035253/http://chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/inorganic/ammonium%20nitrate.htm">Chemicalland21 – Ammonium Nitrate</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/inorganic/ammonium%20nitrate.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2012-01-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.btitle=Chemicalland21+%E2%80%93+Ammonium+Nitrate&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchemicalland21.com%2Findustrialchem%2Finorganic%2Fammonium%2520nitrate.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Ammonium Nitrate. Paton Fertilizers Pty Ltd. 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.atitle=Ammonium+Nitrate&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSDS1-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MSDS1_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927336">Material Safety Data Sheet, Ammonium nitrate MSDS</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-05-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110818021106/http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927336">存档</a>于2011-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.btitle=Material+Safety+Data+Sheet%2C+Ammonium+nitrate+MSDS&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencelab.com%2Fmsds.php%3FmsdsId%3D9927336&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/aeanews/20200805/bkn-20200805000122807-0805_00912_001.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-08-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129085953/https://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/aeanews/20200805/bkn-20200805000122807-0805_00912_001.html">存档</a>于2021-11-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhk.on.cc%2Fhk%2Fbkn%2Fcnt%2Faeanews%2F20200805%2Fbkn-20200805000122807-0805_00912_001.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc02/icsc0216.htm">国际化学品安全卡0216</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg230.pdf">"Storing and Handling Ammonium Nitrate"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110704142701/http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg230.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, United Kingdom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Health_and_Safety_Executive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Health and Safety Executive（页面不存在）">Health and Safety Executive</a> publication INDG230 (1986)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo45474">Chemical Advisory: Safe Storage, Handling, and Management of Ammonium Nitrate</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190626182055/https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo45474">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a></li> <li>Calculators: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aim.env.uea.ac.uk/aim/surftens/surftens.php">surface tensions</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200222134012/http://www.aim.env.uea.ac.uk/aim/surftens/surftens.php">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aim.env.uea.ac.uk/aim/density/density_electrolyte.php">densities, molarities and molalities</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200222134007/http://www.aim.env.uea.ac.uk/aim/density/density_electrolyte.php">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） of aqueous ammonium nitrate</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="铵化合物（NH₄⁺）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%93%B5%E7%9B%90" title="Template:铵盐"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%93%B5%E7%9B%90" title="Template talk:铵盐"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%93%B5%E7%9B%90" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:铵盐"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="铵化合物（NH₄⁺）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B5" title="铵">铵</a>化合物（NH₄⁺）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主族元素</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="氟硼酸铵">NH₄BF₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E9%93%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六氟铝酸铵">(NH₄)₃AlF₆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="碳酸铵">(NH₄)₂CO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%93%B5" title="碳酸氢铵">NH₄HCO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="氟硅酸铵">(NH₄)₂SiF₆</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NH₄NO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="磷酸铵">(NH₄)₃PO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E4%BA%8C%E9%93%B5" title="磷酸氢二铵">(NH₄)₂HPO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A2%E9%93%B5" title="磷酸二氢铵">NH₄H₂PO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六氟磷酸铵">NH₄PF₆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="氨水">NH₃ˑH₂O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="硫化铵">(NH₄)₂S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="硫氢化铵">NH₄HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="亚硫酸铵">(NH₄)₂SO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硫代硫酸铵">(NH₄)₂S₂O₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铵">(NH₄)₂SO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸氢铵">NH₄HSO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硒酸铵">(NH₄)₂SeO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="过硫酸铵">(NH₄)₂S₂O₈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="氨基磺酸铵">NH₄NH₂SO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="氟化铵">NH₄F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2%E9%93%B5" title="氟化氢铵">NH₄HF₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="氯化铵">NH₄Cl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%A8" title="氯酸銨">NH₄ClO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="高氯酸铵">NH₄ClO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="溴化铵">NH₄Br</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="溴酸铵">NH₄BrO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="碘化铵">NH₄I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="三碘化铵">NH₄I₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="碘酸铵">NH₄IO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="氰化铵">NH₄CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硫氰酸铵">NH₄SCN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">过渡金属</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8F%E9%92%92%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="偏钒酸铵">NH₄VO₃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E9%92%92%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="四硫代钒酸铵">(NH₄)₃VS₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="铬酸铵">(NH₄)₂CrO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%93%AC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="重铬酸铵">(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A3%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="正钼酸铵（页面不存在）">(NH₄)₂MoO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B2%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="仲钼酸铵">(NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="磷钼酸铵">(NH₄)₃PMo₁₂O₄₀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="四硫代钼酸铵">(NH₄)₂MoS₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B2%E9%92%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="仲钨酸铵">(NH₄)₁₀H₂W₁₂O₄₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E9%92%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="四硫代钨酸铵">(NH₄)₂WS₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%92%E4%BB%A3%E9%92%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="四硒代钨酸铵">(NH₄)₂WSe₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%94%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="高锰酸铵">NH₄MnO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%93%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="高铼酸铵">NH₄ReO₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%94%87(IV)%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六氯合锇(IV)酸铵">(NH₄)₂OsCl₆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%BA%B4%E5%90%88%E9%94%87(IV)%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六溴合锇(IV)酸铵">(NH₄)₂OsBr₆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%93%80%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="重铀酸铵">(NH₄)₂U₂O₇</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">复盐</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9D%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铝铵">NH₄Al(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AC%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铬铵">NH₄Cr(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸亚铁铵">(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%81%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铁铵">NH₄Fe(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%B4%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸钴铵">(NH₄)₂Co(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8D%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸镍铵">(NH₄)₂Ni(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%88(III)%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铈(III)铵">NH₄Ce(SO₄)₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%88(IV)%E9%93%B5" title="硫酸铈(IV)铵">(NH₄)₄Ce(SO₄)₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%88%B0%E9%8A%A8" title="硝酸鈰銨">(NH₄)₂Ce(NO₃)₆</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">有机酸盐</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="甲酸铵">HCO₂NH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="氨基甲酸铵">NH₂CO₂NH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="乙酸铵">CH₃CO₂NH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%AF%E5%9F%BA%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="巯基乙酸铵">HSCH₂CO₂NH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="草酸铵">(NH₄)₂C₂O₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%9F%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="酒石酸铵">(NH₄)₂C₄H₄O₆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C%E9%93%81%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" title="铜铁试剂">NH₄PhN₂O₂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="苯甲酸铵">PhCO₂NH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E5%91%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="苦味酸铵">C₆H₂(NO₂)₃ONH₄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E8%84%B2%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="紫脲酸铵">NH₄C₈H₄N₅O₆</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">假想結構</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="氢化铵"><i>NH₄H</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E9%8A%A8" title="金屬銨"><i>NH₄·</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="硝酸盐" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Template:硝酸盐"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Template talk:硝酸盐"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:硝酸盐"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="硝酸盐" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硝酸盐">硝酸盐</a></b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <table style="width:100%;margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">HNO<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="10" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="5"> </td> <td>He </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8B%B0" title="硝酸鋰"><span class="nowrap">LiNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%8D" title="硝酸铍"><span class="nowrap">Be(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B1%E5%BC%8F%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碱式硝酸铍（页面不存在）"><span class="nowrap">Be<sub>4</sub>O(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%A0%B9%E5%90%88%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="四硝酸根合硼酸盐">B(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="硝酸酯"><span class="nowrap">RONO<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硝酸盐"><span class="nowrap">NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup></span></a><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="nowrap">NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>O </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%9F" title="硝酸氟"><span class="nowrap">FONO<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Ne </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%88%89" title="硝酸鈉"><span class="nowrap">NaNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8E%82" title="硝酸鎂">Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%95%81" title="硝酸六氨合镁">[Mg(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2+</sup></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9D" title="硝酸铝"><span class="nowrap">Al(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Si </td> <td>P </td> <td>S </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%AF" title="硝酸氯"><span class="nowrap">ClONO<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Ar </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硝酸钾"><span class="nowrap">KNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%99" title="硝酸钙"><span class="nowrap">Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%AA" title="硝酸钪"><span class="nowrap">Sc(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%9B" title="硝酸钛"><span class="nowrap">Ti(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%9B" title="硝酸氧钛"><span class="nowrap">TiO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%92(IV)" title="硝酸氧钒(IV)">VO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%92" title="三硝酸氧钒">VO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%92" title="硝酸双氧钒">VO<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%AC" title="硝酸亚铬">Cr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AC" title="硝酸铬"><span class="nowrap">Cr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AC%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸铬酰"><span class="nowrap">CrO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%B0" title="硝酸锰"><span class="nowrap">Mn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%B0(III)" title="硝酸锰(III)">Mn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81" title="硝酸亚铁"><span class="nowrap">Fe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%81" title="硝酸铁"><span class="nowrap">Fe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B1%E5%BC%8F%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碱式硝酸铁（页面不存在）"><span class="nowrap">FeONO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%B4" title="硝酸钴"><span class="nowrap">Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%AB%98%E9%92%B4" title="硝酸高钴"><span class="nowrap">Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8D" title="硝酸镍"><span class="nowrap">Ni(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E8%82%BC%E9%95%8D" title="硝酸肼镍">[Ni(N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]<sup>2+</sup></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%95%8D" title="硝酸六氨合镍">[Ni(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2+</sup></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%9B%9B%E4%B9%99%E8%85%88%E5%90%88%E9%93%9C(I)" title="硝酸四乙腈合铜(I)">[Cu(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>+</sup></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硝酸铜"><span class="nowrap">Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%8C" title="硝酸锌"><span class="nowrap">Zn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%93" title="硝酸镓"><span class="nowrap">Ga(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硝酸锗（页面不存在）">Ge(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></a> </td> <td>As </td> <td>Se </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%BA%B4" title="硝酸溴">BrNO<sub>3</sub></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%BA%B4(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硝酸溴(III)（页面不存在）">Br(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td>Kr </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%A3" title="硝酸銣"><span class="nowrap">RbNO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%B6" title="硝酸锶"><span class="nowrap">Sr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%87" title="硝酸钇"><span class="nowrap">Y(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%86" title="硝酸锆"><span class="nowrap">Zr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A7%E9%94%86" title="硝酸氧锆"><span class="nowrap">ZrO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%8C%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸铌酰"><span class="nowrap">NbO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%BC" title="硝酸双氧钼">MoO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a> </td> <td>Tc </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%8C(III)" title="硝酸钌(III)"><span class="nowrap">Ru(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%8C" title="亚硝酰硝酸钌">Ru(NO)(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%91" title="硝酸铑"><span class="nowrap">Rh(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%AF" title="硝酸钯"><span class="nowrap">Pd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%AF" title="四硝酸钯"><span class="nowrap">Pd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B6" title="硝酸银"><span class="nowrap">AgNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8E%98" title="硝酸鎘"><span class="nowrap">Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9F" title="硝酸铟"><span class="nowrap">In(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%94%A1" title="硝酸亚锡"><span class="nowrap">Sn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%A1" title="硝酸锡"><span class="nowrap">Sn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%91" title="硝酸锑">Sb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td>Te </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%98" title="硝酸碘">INO<sub>3</sub></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%98(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硝酸碘(III)（页面不存在）">I(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%99" title="硝酸氙"><span class="nowrap">Xe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%99" class="mw-redirect" title="氟代硝酸氙"><span class="nowrap">FXeNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%AB" title="硝酸銫"><span class="nowrap">CsNO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A1" title="硝酸钡"><span class="nowrap">Ba(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"><span title="镧系元素" style="font-family: Courier, monospace;">镧系</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AA" title="硝酸铪"><span class="nowrap">Hf(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BD%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸钽酰"><span class="nowrap">TaO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A7%E9%92%A8" title="硝酸双氧钨">WO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E9%93%BC" title="硝酸三氧铼"><span class="nowrap">ReO<sub>3</sub>NO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%A0%B9%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%94%87" title="二硝酸硝酸根亚硝基四氨合锇">[Os(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>L<sup>1</sup>L<sup>2</sup>]<sup>2+</sup></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E4%B8%89%E9%93%B1" title="十硝酸一氧三铱"><span class="nowrap">Ir<sub>3</sub>O(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>10</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%93%82" title="硝酸四氨合铂"><span class="nowrap">[Pt(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>2+</sup></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%A0%B9%E5%90%88%E9%87%91(III)%E9%85%B8" title="四硝酸根合金(III)酸"><span class="nowrap">H[Au(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]</span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%87%91" title="硝酸四氨合金"><span class="nowrap">[Au(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3+</sup></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9E%E6%B1%9E" title="硝酸亞汞"><span class="nowrap">Hg<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B1%9E" title="硝酸汞"><span class="nowrap">Hg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%8A" title="硝酸亚铊"><span class="nowrap">TlNO<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%8A" title="硝酸铊"><span class="nowrap">Tl(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%85" title="硝酸铅"><span class="nowrap">Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%8B" title="硝酸铋"><span class="nowrap">Bi(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A7%E9%93%8B" title="硝酸氧铋"><span class="nowrap">BiONO<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%8B" title="四硝酸钋"><span class="nowrap">Po(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a> </td> <td>At </td> <td>Rn </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Fr </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%AD" title="硝酸镭">Ra(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"><span title="锕系元素" style="font-family: Courier, monospace;">锕系</span> </td> <td>Rf </td> <td>Db </td> <td>Sg </td> <td>Bh </td> <td>Hs </td> <td>Mt </td> <td>Ds </td> <td>Rg </td> <td>Cn </td> <td>Nh </td> <td>Fl </td> <td>Mc </td> <td>Lv </td> <td>Ts </td> <td>Og </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="1"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">↓ </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" rowspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"><span title="镧系元素" style="font-family: Courier, monospace;">镧系</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%A7" title="硝酸镧"><span class="nowrap">La(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%88" title="硝酸铈"><span class="nowrap">Ce(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%88%B0%E9%8A%A8" title="硝酸鈰銨"><span class="nowrap">(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Ce(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%A8" title="硝酸镨"><span class="nowrap">Pr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%95" title="硝酸钕"><span class="nowrap">Nd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%B7" title="硝酸钷"><span class="nowrap">Pm(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%87%A4" title="硝酸釤"><span class="nowrap">Sm(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%95" title="硝酸铕"><span class="nowrap">Eu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%86" title="硝酸钆"><span class="nowrap">Gd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%BD" title="硝酸铽"><span class="nowrap">Tb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%9D" title="硝酸镝"><span class="nowrap">Dy(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%AC" title="硝酸钬"><span class="nowrap">Ho(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%92" title="硝酸铒"><span class="nowrap">Er(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%A5" title="硝酸铥"><span class="nowrap">Tm(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%B1" title="硝酸镱"><span class="nowrap">Yb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%A5" title="硝酸镥"><span class="nowrap">Lu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"><span title="锕系元素" style="font-family: Courier, monospace;">锕系</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%95" title="硝酸锕"><span class="nowrap">Ac(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%8D" title="硝酸钍"><span class="nowrap">Th(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%BC%8F%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%A4" title="碱式硝酸镤"><span class="nowrap">Pa(OH)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%93%80%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸铀酰"><span class="nowrap">UO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E(IV)" title="硝酸镎(IV)"><span class="nowrap">Np(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E(V)%E9%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硝酸镎(V)酰（页面不存在）"><span class="nowrap">NpO<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E(V)%E9%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三硝酸镎(V)酰（页面不存在）"><span class="nowrap">NpO(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E(VI)%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸镎(VI)酰"><span class="nowrap">NpO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%9A(IV)" title="硝酸钚(IV)"><span class="nowrap">Pu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%9A(VI)%E9%85%B0" title="硝酸钚(VI)酰"><span class="nowrap">PuO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%85(III)" title="硝酸镅(III)">Am(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%94" title="硝酸锔"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cm(NO<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:70%;text-align:left"><br />3</span>)<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:70%;text-align:left"><br />3</span></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%AB(III)" title="硝酸锫(III)">Bk(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%94%8E" title="硝酸锎"><span class="nowrap">Cf(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Es </td> <td>Fm </td> <td>Md </td> <td>No </td> <td>Lr </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="氮化合物" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template:氮化合物"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template talk:氮化合物"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:氮化合物"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="氮化合物" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>化合物</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氢化物">氢化物</a>及其<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8D%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="衍生物">衍生物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氢化氮">NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8" title="氨">NH<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" title="氢化铵">NH<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%BA" title="二亚胺">N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AE%E7%83%AF" title="三氮烯">N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E6%B0%A8" title="聯氨">N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AE%E7%83%B7" title="三氮烷">N<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AE%E7%83%AF" title="四氮烯">N<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B5" title="铵"><span class="chemf nowrap">NH<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:70%;text-align:left">+<br />4</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A5%99" title="𨥙">N<sub>2</sub>H<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:85%;text-align:left">+<br />5</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A5%99#雙正𨥙離子" title="𨥙">N<sub>2</sub>H<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:85%;text-align:left">2+<br />6</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="Template:氨基化物">NH<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:85%;text-align:left">-<br />2</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BC%E5%9F%BA%E9%92%A0" title="肼基钠">N<sub>2</sub>H<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:85%;text-align:left">-<br />3</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氮氧化物">氧化物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化二氮">N<sub>2</sub>O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化氮">NO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="二氧化二氮">(NO)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="三氧化二氮">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="二氧化氮">NO<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="四氧化二氮">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AE" title="五氧化二氮">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="三氧化氮">NO<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0" title="叠氮化亚硝酰">N<sub>4</sub>O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E8%83%BA" title="三硝基胺">N(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="无机酸">无机酸</a>和盐</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="次硝酸">HNO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="连二次硝酸">H<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="连二次硝酸盐">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>2-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="亚硝酸">HNO<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="亚硝酸盐">NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="过氧亚硝酸">HOONO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">HNO<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硝酸盐">NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="原硝酸盐">NO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="过硝酸">HNO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%8A%E6%B0%AE%E9%85%B8" title="疊氮酸">HN<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="叠氮化合物">N<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup></a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="五唑化物" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentazolate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E5%94%91%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五唑化物（页面不存在）">N<sub>5</sub><sup>−</sup></a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentazolate" class="extiw" title="en:Pentazolate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentazolate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氰化氢">HCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氰化物">CN<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="氰酸">HOCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="异氰酸">HNCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="氰酸盐">OCN<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="硫氰酸">HSCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硫氰酸盐">SCN<sup>-</sup></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9F%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="拟卤素">拟卤素</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0" title="氰">(CN)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9F%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0#性质" title="拟卤素">(OCN)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0" title="硫氰">(SCN)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E6%B0%B0" title="硒氰">(SeCN)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9F%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0#性质" title="拟卤素">(CS<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="卤化物">鹵化物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氟化氮">NF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="二氟化氮">NF<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="三氟化氮">NF<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="五氟化氮">NF<sub>5</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="三氯化氮">NCl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="三溴化氮">NBr<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="三碘化氮">NI<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E8%82%BC" title="四氟肼">N<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B3%E2%80%94%E6%B0%AE%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碳—氮键（页面不存在）">含氮有机物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BA" title="胺">NR<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%BA" title="亚胺">>C=NR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="酰胺">-CONR<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%88" title="腈">-CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E6%B0%B0" title="氨基氰">H<sub>2</sub>NCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%B0%AE%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="重氮甲烷">CH<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA" title="亚硝基">-NO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="硝基化合物">-NO<sub>2</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF" title="亚硝酰氯">NOCl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%9F" title="亚硝酰氟">NOF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0" title="氰化亚硝酰">NOCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF" title="硝酰氯">NO<sub>2</sub>Cl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%9F" title="硝酰氟">NO<sub>2</sub>F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E6%B0%B0" title="氨基氰">H<sub>2</sub>NCN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182329#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" 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