CINXE.COM

Glossary | Basketball-Reference.com

<!DOCTYPE html> <html data-version="klecko-" data-root="/home/bbr/build" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebSite" lang="en" class="no-js"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.basketball-reference.com:80/about/glossary.html","20170707223553","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1499466953"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=2.0"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221"/> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://d9kjk42l7bfqz.cloudfront.net/req/201607120" rel="preconnect" crossorigin> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.google-analytics.com/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.googletagservices.com/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin> <script class="allowed">var sr_is_production = true; function vjs_ready(e){"loading"!=document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)}var log_performance=!1,sr_detect_operaMini=navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Opera Mini")>-1;if(sr_detect_operaMini){var el=document.querySelector("html");el.className=el.className.concat(" operamini")}var sr_detect_firefox=navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Firefox")>-1;if(sr_detect_firefox){var el=document.querySelector("html");el.className=el.className.concat(" firefox")}var sr_detect_firefoxMobile=navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Firefox")>-1&&(navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Mobile")>-1||navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Tablet")>-1);if(sr_detect_firefoxMobile){var el=document.querySelector("html");el.className=el.className.concat(" firefox-mobile")}var sr_detect_ie=function(){var e=window.navigator.userAgent;if(e.indexOf("Trident/7.0")>0)return 11;if(e.indexOf("Trident/6.0")>0)return 10;if(e.indexOf("Trident/5.0")>0)return 9;for(var t=3,n=document.createElement("div"),r=n.getElementsByTagName("i");n.innerHTML="<!--[if gt IE "+ ++t+"]><i></i><![endif]-->",r[0];);return t>4?t:!1}(),sr_detect_edge=!sr_detect_ie&&!!window.StyleMedia,sr_detect_safari=/Safari/.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/Apple Computer/.test(navigator.vendor),el=document.querySelector("html"),className="no-js";el.classList?el.classList.remove(className):el.className=el.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\b)"+className.split(" ").join("|")+"(\\b|)","gi")," "),el.className=el.className.concat(" js"),!function(e,t,n){function r(e,t){return typeof e===t}function o(){var e,t,n,o,i,a,s;for(var l in M)if(M.hasOwnProperty(l)){if(e=[],t=M[l],t.name&&(e.push(t.name.toLowerCase()),t.options&&t.options.aliases&&t.options.aliases.length))for(n=0;n<t.options.aliases.length;n++)e.push(t.options.aliases[n].toLowerCase());for(o=r(t.fn,"function")?t.fn():t.fn,i=0;i<e.length;i++)a=e[i],s=a.split("."),1===s.length?b[s[0]]=o:(!b[s[0]]||b[s[0]]instanceof Boolean||(b[s[0]]=new Boolean(b[s[0]])),b[s[0]][s[1]]=o),y.push((o?"":"no-")+s.join("-"))}}function i(e){var t=z.className,n=b._config.classPrefix||"";if(E&&(t=t.baseVal),b._config.enableJSClass){var r=new RegExp("(^|\\s)"+n+"no-js(\\s|)");t=t.replace(r,"1"+n+"js2")}b._config.enableClasses&&(t+=" "+n+e.join(" "+n),E?z.className.baseVal=t:z.className=t)}function a(){return"function"!=typeof t.createElement?t.createElement(arguments[0]):E?t.createElementNS.call(t,"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",arguments[0]):t.createElement.apply(t,arguments)}function s(){var e=t.body;return e||(e=a(E?"svg":"body"),e.fake=!0),e}function l(e,n,r,o){var i,l,c,d,u="modernizr",f=a("div"),m=s();if(parseInt(r,10))for(;r--;)c=a("div"),c.id=o?o[r]:u+(r+1),f.appendChild(c);return i=a("style"),i.type="text/css",i.id="s"+u,(m.fake?m:f).appendChild(i),m.appendChild(f),i.styleSheet?i.styleSheet.cssText=e:i.appendChild(t.createTextNode(e)),f.id=u,m.fake&&(m.style.background="",m.style.overflow="hidden",d=z.style.overflow,z.style.overflow="hidden",z.appendChild(m)),l=n(f,e),m.fake?(m.parentNode.removeChild(m),z.style.overflow=d,z.offsetHeight):f.parentNode.removeChild(f),!!l}function c(e){return e.replace(/([a-z])-([a-z])/g,function(e,t,n){return t+n.toUpperCase()}).replace(/^-/,"")}function d(e,t){return!!~(""+e).indexOf(t)}function u(e,t){return function(){return e.apply(t,arguments)}}function f(e,t,n){var o;for(var i in e)if(e[i]in t)return n===!1?e[i]:(o=t[e[i]],r(o,"function")?u(o,n||t):o);return!1}function m(e){return e.replace(/([A-Z])/g,function(e,t){return"-"+t.toLowerCase()}).replace(/^ms-/,"-ms-")}function p(t,n,r){var o;if("getComputedStyle"in e){o=getComputedStyle.call(e,t,n);var i=e.console;if(null!==o)r&&(o=o.getPropertyValue(r));else if(i){var a=i.error?"error":"log";i[a].call(i,"getComputedStyle returning null, its possible modernizr test results are inaccurate")}}else o=!n&&t.currentStyle&&t.currentStyle[r];return o}function h(t,r){var o=t.length;if("CSS"in e&&"supports"in e.CSS){for(;o--;)if(e.CSS.supports(m(t[o]),r))return!0;return!1}if("CSSSupportsRule"in e){for(var i=[];o--;)i.push("("+m(t[o])+":"+r+")");return i=i.join(" or "),l("@supports ("+i+") { #modernizr { position: absolute; } }",function(e){return"absolute"==p(e,null,"position")})}return n}function v(e,t,o,i){function s(){u&&(delete A.style,delete A.modElem)}if(i=r(i,"undefined")?!1:i,!r(o,"undefined")){var l=h(e,o);if(!r(l,"undefined"))return l}for(var u,f,m,p,v,g=["modernizr","tspan","samp"];!A.style&&g.length;)u=!0,A.modElem=a(g.shift()),A.style=A.modElem.style;for(m=e.length,f=0;m>f;f++)if(p=e[f],v=A.style[p],d(p,"-")&&(p=c(p)),A.style[p]!==n){if(i||r(o,"undefined"))return s(),"pfx"==t?p:!0;try{A.style[p]=o}catch(_){}if(A.style[p]!=v)return s(),"pfx"==t?p:!0}return s(),!1}function g(e,t,n,o,i){var a=e.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+e.slice(1),s=(e+" "+j.join(a+" ")+a).split(" ");return r(t,"string")||r(t,"undefined")?v(s,t,o,i):(s=(e+" "+C.join(a+" ")+a).split(" "),f(s,t,n))}function _(e,t,r){return g(e,n,n,t,r)}var y=[],M=[],w={_version:"3.5.0",_config:{classPrefix:"",enableClasses:!0,enableJSClass:!0,usePrefixes:!0},_q:[],on:function(e,t){var n=this;setTimeout(function(){t(n[e])},0)},addTest:function(e,t,n){M.push({name:e,fn:t,options:n})},addAsyncTest:function(e){M.push({name:null,fn:e})}},b=function(){};b.prototype=w,b=new b,b.addTest("cors","XMLHttpRequest"in e&&"withCredentials"in new XMLHttpRequest),b.addTest("cookies",function(){try{t.cookie="cookietest=1";var e=-1!=t.cookie.indexOf("cookietest=");return t.cookie="cookietest=1; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT",e}catch(n){return!1}}),b.addTest("localstorage",function(){var e="modernizr";try{return localStorage.setItem(e,e),localStorage.removeItem(e),!0}catch(t){return!1}}),b.addTest("sessionstorage",function(){var e="modernizr";try{return sessionStorage.setItem(e,e),sessionStorage.removeItem(e),!0}catch(t){return!1}});var x=w._config.usePrefixes?" -webkit- -moz- -o- -ms- ".split(" "):["",""];w._prefixes=x;var z=t.documentElement,E="svg"===z.nodeName.toLowerCase();E||!function(e,t){function n(e,t){var n=e.createElement("p"),r=e.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]||e.documentElement;return n.innerHTML="x<style>"+t+"</style>",r.insertBefore(n.lastChild,r.firstChild)}function r(){var e=z.elements;return"string"==typeof e?e.split(" "):e}function o(e,t){var n=z.elements;"string"!=typeof n&&(n=n.join(" ")),"string"!=typeof e&&(e=e.join(" ")),z.elements=n+" "+e,c(t)}function i(e){var t=x[e[w]];return t||(t={},b++,e[w]=b,x[b]=t),t}function a(e,n,r){if(n||(n=t),v)return n.createElement(e);r||(r=i(n));var o;return o=r.cache[e]?r.cache[e].cloneNode():M.test(e)?(r.cache[e]=r.createElem(e)).cloneNode():r.createElem(e),!o.canHaveChildren||y.test(e)||o.tagUrn?o:r.frag.appendChild(o)}function s(e,n){if(e||(e=t),v)return e.createDocumentFragment();n=n||i(e);for(var o=n.frag.cloneNode(),a=0,s=r(),l=s.length;l>a;a++)o.createElement(s[a]);return o}function l(e,t){t.cache||(t.cache={},t.createElem=e.createElement,t.createFrag=e.createDocumentFragment,t.frag=t.createFrag()),e.createElement=function(n){return z.shivMethods?a(n,e,t):t.createElem(n)},e.createDocumentFragment=Function("h,f","return function(){var n=f.cloneNode(),c=n.createElement;h.shivMethods&&("+r().join().replace(/[\w\-:]+/g,function(e){return t.createElem(e),t.frag.createElement(e),'c("'+e+'")'})+");return n}")(z,t.frag)}function c(e){e||(e=t);var r=i(e);return!z.shivCSS||h||r.hasCSS||(r.hasCSS=!!n(e,"article,aside,dialog,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}mark{background:#FF0;color:#000}template{display:none}")),v||l(e,r),e}function d(e){for(var t,n=e.getElementsByTagName("*"),o=n.length,i=RegExp("^(?:"+r().join("|")+")","i"),a=[];o--;)t=n[o],i.test(t.nodeName)&&a.push(t.applyElement(u(t)));return a}function u(e){for(var t,n=e.attributes,r=n.length,o=e.ownerDocument.createElement(S+":"+e.nodeName);r--;)t=n[r],t.specified&&o.setAttribute(t.nodeName,t.nodeValue);return o.style.cssText=e.style.cssText,o}function f(e){for(var t,n=e.split("{"),o=n.length,i=RegExp("(^|[\\s,>+~])("+r().join("|")+")(?=[[\\s,>+~#.:]|)","gi"),a="1"+S+"\\:2";o--;)t=n[o]=n[o].split("}"),t[t.length-1]=t[t.length-1].replace(i,a),n[o]=t.join("}");return n.join("{")}function m(e){for(var t=e.length;t--;)e[t].removeNode()}function p(e){function t(){clearTimeout(a._removeSheetTimer),r&&r.removeNode(!0),r=null}var r,o,a=i(e),s=e.namespaces,l=e.parentWindow;return!T||e.printShived?e:("undefined"==typeof s[S]&&s.add(S),l.attachEvent("onbeforeprint",function(){t();for(var i,a,s,l=e.styleSheets,c=[],u=l.length,m=Array(u);u--;)m[u]=l[u];for(;s=m.pop();)if(!s.disabled&&E.test(s.media)){try{i=s.imports,a=i.length}catch(p){a=0}for(u=0;a>u;u++)m.push(i[u]);try{c.push(s.cssText)}catch(p){}}c=f(c.reverse().join("")),o=d(e),r=n(e,c)}),l.attachEvent("onafterprint",function(){m(o),clearTimeout(a._removeSheetTimer),a._removeSheetTimer=setTimeout(t,500)}),e.printShived=!0,e)}var h,v,g="3.7.3",_=e.html5||{},y=/^<|^(?:button|map|select|textarea|object|iframe|option|optgroup)/i,M=/^(?:a|b|code|div|fieldset|h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6|i|label|li|ol|p|q|span|strong|style|table|tbody|td|th|tr|ul)/i,w="_html5shiv",b=0,x={};!function(){try{var e=t.createElement("a");e.innerHTML="<xyz></xyz>",h="hidden"in e,v=1==e.childNodes.length||function(){t.createElement("a");var e=t.createDocumentFragment();return"undefined"==typeof e.cloneNode||"undefined"==typeof e.createDocumentFragment||"undefined"==typeof e.createElement}()}catch(n){h=!0,v=!0}}();var z={elements:_.elements||"abbr article aside audio bdi canvas data datalist details dialog figcaption figure footer header hgroup main mark meter nav output picture progress section summary template time video",version:g,shivCSS:_.shivCSS!==!1,supportsUnknownElements:v,shivMethods:_.shivMethods!==!1,type:"default",shivDocument:c,createElement:a,createDocumentFragment:s,addElements:o};e.html5=z,c(t);var E=/^|\b(?:all|print)\b/,S="html5shiv",T=!v&&function(){var n=t.documentElement;return!("undefined"==typeof t.namespaces||"undefined"==typeof t.parentWindow||"undefined"==typeof n.applyElement||"undefined"==typeof n.removeNode||"undefined"==typeof e.attachEvent)}();z.type+=" print",z.shivPrint=p,p(t),"object"==typeof module&&module.exports&&(module.exports=z)}("undefined"!=typeof e?e:this,t),b.addTest("canvas",function(){var e=a("canvas");return!(!e.getContext||!e.getContext("2d"))});var S=function(){function e(e,t){var o;return e?(t&&"string"!=typeof t||(t=a(t||"div")),e="on"+e,o=e in t,!o&&r&&(t.setAttribute||(t=a("div")),t.setAttribute(e,""),o="function"==typeof t[e],t[e]!==n&&(t[e]=n),t.removeAttribute(e)),o):!1}var r=!("onblur"in t.documentElement);return e}();w.hasEvent=S;var T=w.testStyles=l;b.addTest("touchevents",function(){var n;if("ontouchstart"in e||e.DocumentTouch&&t instanceof DocumentTouch)n=!0;else{var r=["@media (",x.join("touch-enabled),("),"heartz",")","{#modernizr{top:9px;position:absolute}}"].join("");T(r,function(e){n=9===e.offsetTop})}return n}),b.addTest("unicode",function(){var e,t=a("span"),n=a("span");return T("#modernizr{font-family:Arial,sans;font-size:300em;}",function(r){t.innerHTML=E?"妇":"&#5987;",n.innerHTML=E?"☆":"&#9734;",r.appendChild(t),r.appendChild(n),e="offsetWidth"in t&&t.offsetWidth!==n.offsetWidth}),e});var N="Moz O ms Webkit",C=w._config.usePrefixes?N.toLowerCase().split(" "):[];w._domPrefixes=C,b.addTest("pointerevents",function(){var e=!1,t=C.length;for(e=b.hasEvent("pointerdown");t--&&!e;)S(C[t]+"pointerdown")&&(e=!0);return e});var j=w._config.usePrefixes?N.split(" "):[];w._cssomPrefixes=j;var k=function(t){var r,o=x.length,i=e.CSSRule;if("undefined"==typeof i)return n;if(!t)return!1;if(t=t.replace(/^@/,""),r=t.replace(/-/g,"_").toUpperCase()+"_RULE",r in i)return"@"+t;for(var a=0;o>a;a++){var s=x[a],l=s.toUpperCase()+"_"+r;if(l in i)return"@-"+s.toLowerCase()+"-"+t}return!1};w.atRule=k;var L={elem:a("modernizr")};b._q.push(function(){delete L.elem});var A={style:L.elem.style};b._q.unshift(function(){delete A.style}),w.testAllProps=g,w.testAllProps=_,b.addTest("flexwrap",_("flexWrap","wrap",!0));var O=w.prefixed=function(e,t,n){return 0===e.indexOf("@")?k(e):(-1!=e.indexOf("-")&&(e=c(e)),t?g(e,t,n):g(e,"pfx"))};b.addTest("matchmedia",!!O("matchMedia",e)),b.addTest("vibrate",!!O("vibrate",navigator)),o(),i(y),delete w.addTest,delete w.addAsyncTest;for(var P=0;P<b._q.length;P++)b._q[P]();e.Modernizr=b}(window,document),Modernizr.viewport_width=Math.max(document.documentElement.clientWidth,window.innerWidth||0),Modernizr.viewport_height=Math.max(document.documentElement.clientHeight,window.innerHeight||0),Modernizr.narrow=Modernizr.viewport_width<=704,Modernizr.constrained=Modernizr.viewport_width<=1200,Modernizr.site_menu=Modernizr.viewport_width<=1020?"button":"nav_bar",Modernizr.touch=Modernizr.touchevents||Modernizr.pointerevents&&(navigator.MaxTouchPoints>0||navigator.msMaxTouchPoints>0),Modernizr.phone=Modernizr.narrow&&Modernizr.touch,Modernizr.tablet=Modernizr.viewport_width<1075&&Modernizr.touch,Modernizr.desktop=!Modernizr.constrained&&!Modernizr.touch,Modernizr.laptop=!(Modernizr.desktop||Modernizr.tablet||Modernizr.phone);var sr_html=document.querySelector("html"),cn=sr_html.className;Modernizr.phone?sr_html.className=cn.concat(" phone"):Modernizr.tablet?sr_html.className=cn.concat(" tablet"):(Modernizr.desktop||Modernizr.laptop)&&(sr_html.className=cn.concat(" desktop"));var sr_host_parts=window.location.hostname.split("."),cn=sr_html.className;Modernizr.is_build=Modernizr.is_live=Modernizr.is_dev=!1,"b"===sr_host_parts[0]?(Modernizr.is_build=!0,sr_html.className=cn.concat(" is_build"),console.log("### On Build server")):"d"===sr_host_parts[0]||"r"===sr_host_parts[0]?(Modernizr.is_dev=!0,sr_html.className=cn.concat(" is_dev"),console.log("### On Dev server")):"www"===sr_host_parts[0]&&(Modernizr.is_live=!0,sr_html.className=cn.concat(" is_live"),console.log("### On Live server"));var sr_logger=function(){var e=null,t={};return t.enableLogger=function(){null!=e&&(window.console.log=e)},t.disableLogger=function(){e=console.log,window.console.log=function(){}},t}();sr_is_production&&sr_logger.disableLogger(),Modernizr.is_modern=(Modernizr.canvas||Modernizr.localstorage)&&!sr_detect_operaMini,Modernizr.is_modern?(document.documentElement.className+=" is_modern",Modernizr.is_not_modern=!1):(document.documentElement.className+=" is_not_modern",Modernizr.is_not_modern=!0);var sr_utilities_js_loader=[];!function(e){var t=function(t,n){"use strict";var r=e.document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],o=e.document.createElement("script");return o.src=t,o.async=!0,r.parentNode.insertBefore(o,r),n&&"function"==typeof n&&(o.onload=n),o};"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=t:e.loadJS=t}("undefined"!=typeof global?global:this);var sr_time_begin=new Date,sr_perf_startTime=new Date,sr_perf_log="<strong>Performance:</strong>",sr_perf_lastTime=new Date; </script> <script> if (Modernizr.is_modern) { loadJS( "https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201707071/js/bbr/sr-min.js" , function() { vjs_ready(sr_fire_js); }); } else { loadJS( "https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201707071/js/bbr/sr-basic-min.js", function() { vjs_ready(sr_fire_js); }); } </script> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553cs_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201707071/css/bbr/sr-min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <title>Glossary | Basketball-Reference.com</title> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True"/> <meta name="generated-by" content="build_static_pages.pl"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#4d4438"> <meta name="msapplication-navbutton-color" content="#4d4438"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="#4d4438"> <meta name="keywords" content=""> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/"> <meta itemprop="name" content="Basketball Reference"> <meta itemprop="alternateName" content="BkRef"> <meta name="Description" content="Glossary of statistics used on Basketball-Reference"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="35120246404"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html"> <meta property="og:title" content="Glossary | Basketball-Reference.com"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Basketball-Reference.com"> <meta property="og:type" content=" article"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Glossary of statistics used on Basketball-Reference"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-228x228-precomposed.png"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@bball_ref"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@bball_ref"> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-228x228-precomposed.png"> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="Basketball-Reference.com"> <!-- tiles, touch, favicons --> <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-192x192-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="228x228" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-228x228-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="195x195" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-195x195-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-180x180-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-152x152-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-144x144-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="128x128" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-128x128-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-120x120-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-114x114-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-76x76-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-72x72-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/apple-touch-icon-57x57-precomposed.png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="32x32" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/favicon-32.png"> <!--[if IE]> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/favicon.ico"><![endif]--> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#905500"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/favicons/bbr/ms-tile-144.png"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/opensearch/opensearch-bbr.xml" title=" Player and Team Search"> </head> <body class="bbr"> <div id="wrap"> <div id="header" role="banner"> <ul id="subnav"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/"><svg height="15px" width="20px"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-sr-pennant"></use></svg> Sports Reference</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.baseball-reference.com/">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/">Football</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/">(college)</a></li> <li class="current"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/">Basketball</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/">(college)</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.hockey-reference.com/">Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://fbref.com/">Soccer</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/">Blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://widgets.sports-reference.com/">Widgets</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/feedback/">Questions or Comments?</a></li> <li class="user logged_in">Welcome<span class="username"></span>&nbsp;&#183;&nbsp;<a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Your Account</a></li> <li class="user logged_in"><a class="logout" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=logout">Logout</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a class="login" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Login</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Create Account</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=ad_free_browsing">Surf AD-FREE</a></li> </ul> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/logos/bbr-logo.svg" onerror="this.src='https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/logos/bbr-logo.png'; this.onerror = null;" alt="Basketball-Reference.com Logo &amp; Link to home page"/></a> <div id="nav_trigger" role="button"><a href="#site_menu_link">MENU</a></div> <div id="nav" role="navigation" aria-label="Basketball-Reference.com sections"> <ul id="main_nav" class="hoversmooth nohover"><li id="header_players"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/">Players</a></li> <li id="header_teams"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/">Teams</a></li> <li id="header_leagues"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/">Seasons</a></li> <li id="header_leaders"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/">Leaders</a></li> <li id="header_scores"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/boxscores/">Scores</a></li> <li id="header_playoffs" class=""><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/">Playoffs</a></li> <li id="header_draft" class=""><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/">Draft</a></li> <li id="header_playindex" class=""><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/">Play Index</a></li> <li><a data-scroll href="#site_menu_link" class="opener">Full Site Menu Below</a></li> </ul> <div class="breadcrumbs">You are here: <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="crumbs"><span><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/">BBR Home</a></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a itemprop="item" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/"><span itemprop="name">About</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="1"/></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><strong><span itemprop="name">Glossary</span></strong> <meta itemprop="position" content="2"/></span></div></div> <ul class="usertools bullets-inline"><li class="user logged_in">Welcome<span class="username"></span>&nbsp;&#183;&nbsp;<a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Your Account</a></li> <li class="user logged_in"><a class="logout" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=logout">Logout</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a class="login" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Login</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Create Account</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=ad_free_browsing">Surf AD-FREE</a></li> </ul><!-- ul.user --> </div><!-- div#nav --> <script> function sr_menus_setupMainNav_button_inline () { if (sr_detect_operaMini || !("classList" in document.createElement("_"))) { return false; } var nav_trigger = document.getElementById('nav_trigger'); if(!nav_trigger || !Modernizr.is_modern || nav_trigger.triggered) { return false; } nav_trigger.triggered = true; var nav = document.getElementById('nav'); var nav_trigger_a = nav_trigger.querySelector('a'); if (nav_trigger_a) { nav_trigger_a.setAttribute('href','javascript:void(0)'); nav_trigger.onclick = function (event) { nav.classList.toggle('open'); var is_open = nav.classList.contains('open'); if (is_open) { nav_trigger.classList.add('open'); } else { nav_trigger.classList.remove('open'); } event.preventDefault(); try { sr_record_analytics_event('MainNavButtonClick_inline',sr_record_directory(),sr_record_page());} catch(err) {} }; } return true; } sr_menus_setupMainNav_button_inline(); </script><div class="search" role="search" aria-label="Site Search for players, teams and sections"> <form itemprop="potentialAction" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SearchAction" name="f_big" action="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/search/search.fcgi"> <meta itemprop="target" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/search/search.fcgi?search={search}"> <div class="ac-outline"> <div class="ac-wrapper"> <div class="ac-prompt"></div><input type="search" tabindex="-1" class="ac-hint" name="hint" placeholder="Enter Person, Team, Section, etc" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" dir="auto"><input tabindex="1" type="search" class="ac-input completely" name="search" placeholder="" aria-label="Enter a player, team or section name" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" dir="auto" itemprop="query-input"/> <div class="ac-dropdown"></div> </div> </div> <input type="submit" value="Search" tabindex="2"/> <input type="hidden" name="pid" value="" data-search-id> <input type="hidden" name="idx" value="" data-search-idx> </form> </div><!-- div.search --> </div><!-- div#header --> <div id="srcom"></div> <div id="inner_nav" role="navigation" aria-label="Sections on this page and/or other pages related to this page" class=" inactive suppress_inpage_nav"> <ul class="hoversmooth"> <li class="index "><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/">About Basketball Reference</a> </li> </ul> </div><!-- div#inner_nav --> <div id="content" role="main" class="index reading"> <h1>Glossary</h1> <div class="section_wrapper" id="all_1934129968"> <div class="section_content" id="div_1934129968"> <ul> <br><li><span><small><strong>2P</strong></small></span><br><small> 2-Point Field Goals </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>2P%</strong></small></span><br><small> 2-Point Field Goal Percentage; the formula is <a href="#fg2">2P</a> / <a href="#fg2a">2PA</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>2PA</strong></small></span><br><small> 2-Point Field Goal Attempts </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>3P</strong></small></span><br><small> 3-Point Field Goals (available since the 1979-80 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>3P%</strong></small></span><br><small> 3-Point Field Goal Percentage (available since the 1979-80 season in the NBA); the formula is <a href="#fg3">3P</a> / <a href="#fg3a">3PA</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>3PA</strong></small></span><br><small> 3-Point Field Goal Attempts (available since the 1979-80 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Age</strong></small></span><br><small> Age; player age on February 1 of the given season. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>AST</strong></small></span><br><small> Assists </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>AST%</strong></small></span><br><small> Assist Percentage (available since the 1964-65 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * <a href="#ast">AST</a> / (((<a href="#mp">MP</a> / (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) * <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fg">FG</a>) - <a href="#fg">FG</a>). Assist percentage is an estimate of the percentage of teammate field goals a player assisted while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Award Share</strong></small></span><br><small> The formula is (award points) / (maximum number of award points). For example, in the <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/awards_2003#mvp">2002-03 MVP voting</a> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/d/duncati01.html">Tim Duncan</a> had 962 points out of a possible 1190. His MVP award share is 962 / 1190 = 0.81. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>BLK</strong></small></span><br><small> Blocks (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>BLK%</strong></small></span><br><small> Block Percentage (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * (<a href="#blk">BLK</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * (<a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> - <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fg3a">3PA</a>)). Block percentage is an estimate of the percentage of opponent two-point field goal attempts blocked by the player while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>BPM</strong></small></span><br><small> Box Plus/Minus (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); a box score estimate of the points per 100 possessions that a player contributed above a league-average player, translated to an average team. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/bpm.html">About Box Plus/Minus (BPM)</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>DPOY</strong></small></span><br><small> Defensive Player of the Year </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>DRB</strong></small></span><br><small> Defensive Rebounds (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>DRB%</strong></small></span><br><small> Defensive Rebound Percentage (available since the 1970-71 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * (<a href="#drb">DRB</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#drb">DRB</a> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a>)). Defensive rebound percentage is an estimate of the percentage of available defensive rebounds a player grabbed while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>DRtg</strong></small></span><br><small> Defensive Rating (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); for players and teams it is points allowed per 100 posessions. This rating was developed by Dean Oliver, author of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketballonpaper.com/">Basketball on Paper</a>. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ratings.html">Calculating Individual Offensive and Defensive Ratings</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>DWS</strong></small></span><br><small> Defensive Win Shares; please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ws.html">Calculating Win Shares</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>eFG%</strong></small></span><br><small> Effective Field Goal Percentage; the formula is (<a href="#fg">FG</a> + 0.5 * <a href="#fg3">3P</a>) / <a href="#fga">FGA</a>. This statistic adjusts for the fact that a 3-point field goal is worth one more point than a 2-point field goal. For example, suppose Player A goes 4 for 10 with 2 threes, while Player B goes 5 for 10 with 0 threes. Each player would have 10 points from field goals, and thus would have the same effective field goal percentage (50%). </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FG</strong></small></span><br><small> Field Goals (includes both 2-point field goals and 3-point field goals) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FG%</strong></small></span><br><small> Field Goal Percentage; the formula is <a href="#fg">FG</a> / <a href="#fga">FGA</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FGA</strong></small></span><br><small> Field Goal Attempts (includes both 2-point field goal attempts and 3-point field goal attempts) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FT</strong></small></span><br><small> Free Throws </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FT%</strong></small></span><br><small> Free Throw Percentage; the formula is <a href="#ft">FT</a> / <a href="#fta">FTA</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>FTA</strong></small></span><br><small> Free Throw Attempts </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Four Factors</strong></small></span><br><small> Dean Oliver's "Four Factors of Basketball Success"; please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/factors.html">Four Factors</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>G</strong></small></span><br><small> Games </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>GB</strong></small></span><br><small> Games Behind; the formula is ((first W - <a href="#wins">W</a>) + (<a href="#losses">L</a> - first L)) / 2, where first W and first L stand for wins and losses by the first place team, respectively. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>GmSc</strong></small></span><br><small> Game Score; the formula is <a href="#pts">PTS</a> + 0.4 * <a href="#fg">FG</a> - 0.7 * <a href="#fga">FGA</a> - 0.4*(<a href="#fta">FTA</a> - <a href="#ft">FT</a>) + 0.7 * <a href="#orb">ORB</a> + 0.3 * <a href="#drb">DRB</a> + <a href="#stl">STL</a> + 0.7 * <a href="#ast">AST</a> + 0.7 * <a href="#blk">BLK</a> - 0.4 * <a href="#pf">PF</a> - <a href="#tov">TOV</a>. Game Score was created by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://sports.espn.go.com/keyword/search?searchString=John_Hollinger"> John Hollinger</a> to give a rough measure of a player's productivity for a single game. The scale is similar to that of points scored, (40 is an outstanding performance, 10 is an average performance, etc.). </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>GS</strong></small></span><br><small> Games Started (available since the 1982 season) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>L</strong></small></span><br><small> Losses </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>L Pyth</strong></small></span><br><small> Pythagorean Losses; the formula is <a href="#g">G</a> - <a href="#wins_pyth">W Pyth</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Lg</strong></small></span><br><small> League </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>MVP</strong></small></span><br><small> Most Valuable Player </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>MP</strong></small></span><br><small> Minutes Played (available since the 1951-52 season) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>MOV</strong></small></span><br><small> Margin of Victory; the formula is <a href="#pts">PTS</a> - <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>ORtg</strong></small></span><br><small> Offensive Rating (available since the 1977-78 season in the NBA); for players it is points produced per 100 posessions, while for teams it is points scored per 100 possessions. This rating was developed by Dean Oliver, author of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketballonpaper.com/">Basketball on Paper</a>. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ratings.html">Calculating Individual Offensive and Defensive Ratings</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Opp</strong></small></span><br><small> Opponent </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>ORB</strong></small></span><br><small> Offensive Rebounds (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>ORB%</strong></small></span><br><small> Offensive Rebound Percentage (available since the 1970-71 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * (<a href="#orb">ORB</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#drb">DRB</a>)). Offensive rebound percentage is an estimate of the percentage of available offensive rebounds a player grabbed while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>OWS</strong></small></span><br><small> Offensive Win Shares; please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ws.html">Calculating Win Shares</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Pace</strong></small></span><br><small> Pace Factor (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); the formula is 48 * ((<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#poss">Poss</a> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#poss">Poss</a>) / (2 * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5))). Pace factor is an estimate of the number of possessions per 48 minutes by a team. <span class="italic_text">(Note: 40 minutes is used in the calculation for the WNBA.)</strong></small></span> </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>PER</strong></small></span><br><small> Player Efficiency Rating (available since the 1951-52 season); PER is a rating developed by ESPN.com columnist <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://sports.espn.go.com/keyword/search?searchString=John_Hollinger">John Hollinger</a>. In John's words, "The PER sums up all a player's positive accomplishments, subtracts the negative accomplishments, and returns a per-minute rating of a player's performance." Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/per.html">Calculating PER</a> for more information. Also see <a href="#vaa">VAA</a> and <a href="#var">VAR</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Per 36 Minutes</strong></small></span><br><small> A statistic (e.g., assists) divided by minutes played, multiplied by 36. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Per Game</strong></small></span><br><small> A statistic (e.g., assists) divided by games. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>PF</strong></small></span><br><small> Personal Fouls </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Poss</strong></small></span><br><small> Possessions (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); the formula for teams is 0.5 * ((<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.4 * <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fta">FTA</a> - 1.07 * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a> / (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#drb">DRB</a>)) * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> - <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fg">FG</a>) + <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#tov">TOV</a>) + (<a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.4 * <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fta">FTA</a> - 1.07 * (<a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a> / (<a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#orb">ORB</a> + <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#drb">DRB</a>)) * (<a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> - <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#fg">FG</a>) + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#tov">TOV</a>)). This formula estimates possessions based on both the team's statistics and their opponent's statistics, then averages them to provide a more stable estimate. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ratings.html">Calculating Individual Offensive and Defensive Ratings</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>PProd</strong></small></span><br><small> Points Produced; Dean Oliver's measure of offensive points produced. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ratings.html">Calculating Individual Offensive and Defensive Ratings</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>PTS</strong></small></span><br><small> Points </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>ROY</strong></small></span><br><small> Rookie of the Year </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>SMOY</strong></small></span><br><small> Sixth Man of the Year </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>SOS</strong></small></span><br><small> Strength of Schedule; a rating of strength of schedule. The rating is denominated in points above/below average, where zero is average. My colleague Doug Drinen of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/">Pro-Football-Reference.com</a> has written a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/blog/?p=37">great explanation of this method</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>SRS</strong></small></span><br><small> Simple Rating System; a rating that takes into account average point differential and strength of schedule. The rating is denominated in points above/below average, where zero is average. My colleague Doug Drinen of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/">Pro-Football-Reference.com</a> has written a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/blog/?p=37">great explanation of this method</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>STL</strong></small></span><br><small> Steals (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>STL%</strong></small></span><br><small> Steal Percentage (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * (<a href="#stl">STL</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#poss">Poss</a>). Steal Percentage is an estimate of the percentage of opponent possessions that end with a steal by the player while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Stops</strong></small></span><br><small> Stops; Dean Oliver's measure of individual defensive stops. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ratings.html">Calculating Individual Offensive and Defensive Ratings</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Tm</strong></small></span><br><small> Team </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TOV</strong></small></span><br><small> Turnovers (available since the 1977-78 season in the NBA) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TOV%</strong></small></span><br><small> Turnover Percentage (available since the 1977-78 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * <a href="#tov">TOV</a> / (<a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.44 * <a href="#fta">FTA</a> + <a href="#tov">TOV</a>). Turnover percentage is an estimate of turnovers per 100 plays. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TRB</strong></small></span><br><small> Total Rebounds (available since the 1950-51 season) </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TRB%</strong></small></span><br><small> Total Rebound Percentage (available since the 1970-71 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * (<a href="#trb">TRB</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#trb">TRB</a> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#trb">TRB</a>)). Total rebound percentage is an estimate of the percentage of available rebounds a player grabbed while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TS%</strong></small></span><br><small> True Shooting Percentage; the formula is <a href="#pts">PTS</a> / (2 * <a href="#tsa">TSA</a>). True shooting percentage is a measure of shooting efficiency that takes into account field goals, 3-point field goals, and free throws. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>TSA</strong></small></span><br><small> True Shooting Attempts; the formula is <a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.44 * <a href="#fta">FTA</a>. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Usg%</strong></small></span><br><small> Usage Percentage (available since the 1977-78 season in the NBA); the formula is 100 * ((<a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.44 * <a href="#fta">FTA</a> + <a href="#tov">TOV</a>) * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#mp">MP</a> / 5)) / (<a href="#mp">MP</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fga">FGA</a> + 0.44 * <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#fta">FTA</a> + <a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#tov">TOV</a>)). Usage percentage is an estimate of the percentage of team plays used by a player while he was on the floor. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>VORP</strong></small></span><br><small> Value Over Replacement Player (available since the 1973-74 season in the NBA); a box score estimate of the points per 100 TEAM possessions that a player contributed above a replacement-level (-2.0) player, translated to an average team and prorated to an 82-game season. Multiply by 2.70 to convert to wins over replacement. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/bpm.html#vorp">About Box Plus/Minus (BPM)</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>W</strong></small></span><br><small> Wins </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong> .500</strong></small></span><br><small> Wins Over .500; the formula is (<a href="#wins">W</a> - <a href="#losses">L</a>) / 2. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>W Pyth</strong></small></span><br><small> Pythagorean Wins; the formula is <a href="#g">G</a> * (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a><sup>14</sup> / (<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a><sup>14</sup> + <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a><sup>14</sup>)). The formula was obtained by fitting a logistic regression model with log(<a href="#team_id">Tm</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a> / <a href="#opp_id">Opp</a> <a href="#pts">PTS</a>) as the explanatory variable. Using this formula for all BAA, NBA, and ABA seasons, the root mean-square error (rmse) is 3.14 wins. Using an exponent of 16.5 (a common choice), the rmse is 3.48 wins. <span class="italic_text">(Note: An exponent of 10 is used for the WNBA.)</strong></small></span> </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>W-L%</strong></small></span><br><small> Won-Lost Percentage; the formula is <a href="#wins">W</a> / (<a href="#wins">W</a> + <a href="#losses">L</a>). </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>WS</strong></small></span><br><small> Win Shares; an estimate of the number of wins contributed by a player. Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ws.html">Calculating Win Shares</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>WS/48</strong></small></span><br><small> Win Shares Per 48 Minutes (available since the 1951-52 season in the NBA); an estimate of the number of wins contributed by the player per 48 minutes (league average is approximately 0.100). Please see the article <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/ws.html">Calculating Win Shares</a> for more information. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Win Probability</strong></small></span><br><small> The estimated probability that Team A will defeat Team B in a given matchup. </small></li> <br><li><span><small><strong>Year</strong></small></span><br><small> Year that the season occurred. Since the NBA season is split over two calendar years, the year given is the last year for that season. For example, the year for the 1999-00 season would be 2000. </small></li> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- nonempty_tables_num: 1, table_count: 1 --> </div><!-- div#content --> <div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div id="footer_header"> <ul class="bullets-inline"><li class="user logged_in">Welcome<span class="username"></span>&nbsp;&#183;&nbsp;<a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Your Account</a></li> <li class="user logged_in"><a class="logout" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=logout">Logout</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a class="login" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Login</a></li> <li class="user not_logged_in"><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/">Create Account</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/?do=ad_free_browsing">Surf AD-FREE</a></li> </ul> <div class="breadcrumbs" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Other">You are here: <span><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/">BBR Home</a></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a itemprop="item" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/"><span itemprop="name">About</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="1"/></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><strong><span itemprop="name">Glossary</span></strong> <meta itemprop="position" content="2"/></span></div> </div><!-- div#footer_header --> <div id="site_menu" role="navigation" aria-label="complete site index"> <div class="section_heading"> <span class="section_anchor" id="site_menu_link" data-label="Full Site Menu" data-no-inpage="1"></span> <h2>Full Site Menu</h2> <div class="section_heading_text"> <ul> <li><a data-scroll href="#header">Return to Top</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/">Players</a> <div><strong>In the News</strong>: <a title="Kobe Bryant" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/b/bryanko01.html">K. Bryant</a>, <a title="Stephen Curry" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/curryst01.html">S. Curry</a>, <a title="LeBron James" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/j/jamesle01.html">L. James</a>, <a title="James Harden" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/h/hardeja01.html">J. Harden</a>, <a title="Kevin Durant" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/d/duranke01.html">K. Durant</a>, <a title="Dwight Howard" href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/h/howardw01.html">D. Howard</a> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/">...</a> </div> <div><strong>All-Time Greats</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/a/abdulka01.html">K. Abdul-Jabbar</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chambwi01.html">W. Chamberlain</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/m/malonka01.html">K. Malone</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/j/jordami01.html">M. Jordan</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/s/stockjo01.html">J. Stockton</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/d/duncati01.html">T. Duncan</a> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/">...</a> </div> <div><strong>Active Greats</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/curryst01.html">S. Curry</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/n/nowitdi01.html">D. Nowitzki</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/j/jamesle01.html">L. James</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/w/westbru01.html">R. Westbrook</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/l/leonaka01.html">K. Leonard</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/d/duranke01.html">K. Durant</a> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/">...</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/">Teams</a> <div class="division"> <strong>Atlantic</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/TOR/2017.html">Toronto</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/BOS/2017.html">Boston</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/NYK/2017.html">New York</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/BRK/2017.html">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/PHI/2017.html">Philadelphia</a> </div> <div class="division"> <strong>Central</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/CLE/2017.html">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/IND/2017.html">Indiana</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/DET/2017.html">Detroit</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/CHI/2017.html">Chicago</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/MIL/2017.html">Milwaukee</a> </div> <div class="division"> <strong>Southeast</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/MIA/2017.html">Miami</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/ATL/2017.html">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/CHO/2017.html">Charlotte</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/WAS/2017.html">Washington</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/ORL/2017.html">Orlando</a> </div> <div class="division"> <strong>Northwest</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/OKC/2017.html">Oklahoma City</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/POR/2017.html">Portland</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/UTA/2017.html">Utah</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/DEN/2017.html">Denver</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/MIN/2017.html">Minnesota</a> </div> <div class="division"> <strong>Pacific</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/GSW/2017.html">Golden State</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/LAC/2017.html">Los Angeles Clippers</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/SAC/2017.html">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/PHO/2017.html">Phoenix</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/LAL/2017.html">Los Angeles</a> </div> <div class="division"> <strong>Southwest</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/SAS/2017.html">San Antonio</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/DAL/2017.html">Dallas</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/MEM/2017.html">Memphis</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/HOU/2017.html">Houston</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/NOP/2017.html">New Orleans</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/">Seasons</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2017.html">2016-17</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2016.html">2015-16</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2015.html">2014-15</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2014.html">2013-14</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2013.html">2012-13</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2012.html">2011-12</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/">Leaders</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/pts_season.html">Season Points</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/trb_career.html">Career Rebounds</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/ast_active.html">Active Assists</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/stl_yearly.html">Yearly Steals</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leaders/blk_progress.html">Progressive Blocks</a> ... </div> <div> Or, view <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/trailers/">"Trailers"</a> for <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/trailers/fg_pct_season.html">Season Field Goal Pct</a>, or <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/trailers/blk_per_g_career.html">Career Blocks Per Game</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/boxscores/">NBA Scores</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/boxscores/">Yesterday's Games</a> and <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/boxscores/">Scores from any date in BAA/NBA or ABA history</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2017_games.html">NBA Schedules</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/CHI/2017_games.html">Team Schedules</a> and <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2017_games.html">League Schedules</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2017_standings.html">NBA Standings</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/leagues/NBA_2017_standings.html">Today's Standings</a> and <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/standings.fcgi">Standings for any date in history</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/">Play Index</a> <div><strong>Player Finders</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi">Season Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi">Game Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/pstreak.cgi">Streak Finder</a> </div> <div><strong>Team Finders</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/tsl_finder.cgi">Season Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/tgl_finder.cgi">Game Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/tstreak.cgi">Team Streak Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/tscore.cgi">Team Score Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/rivals.cgi">Team Rivalry Finder</a> </div> <div><strong>Other Finders</strong>: <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/draft_finder.cgi">Draft Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/h2h_finder.cgi">Head2Head Finder</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/play-index/pcm_finder.cgi">Player Comparison Finder</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/">Coaches</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/gueriri01c.html">Richie Guerin</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/tomjaru01c.html">Rudy Tomjanovich</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/obrieji99c.html">Jim O'Brien</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/fratemi99c.html">Mike Fratello</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/coaches/gentral99c.html">Alvin Gentry</a> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/">Awards</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/mvp.html">NBA MVP</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/all_league.html">All-NBA</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/dpoy.html">Defensive Player of the Year</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/roy.html">Rookie of the Year</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/all_rookie.html">All-Rookie</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/awards/hof.html">Hall of Fame</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/contracts/">NBA Contracts</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/contracts/">Main Index</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/contracts/ATL.html">Team Payrolls</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/contracts/players.html">Player Contracts</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/contracts/glossary.html">Glossary</a>, ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/">Playoffs</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/NBA_2017.html">2017 NBA Playoffs</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/NBA_2016.html">2016 NBA Playoffs</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/NBA_2015.html">2015 NBA Playoffs</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/NBA_2014.html">2014 NBA Playoffs</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/playoffs/">Playoffs Series History</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/allstar/">All-Star Games</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/allstar/NBA_2017.html">2017 All-Star Game</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/allstar/NBA_2016.html">2016 All-Star Game</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/allstar/NBA_2015.html">2015 All-Star Game</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/allstar/NBA_2014.html">2014 All-Star Game</a>, ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/">NBA Draft</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/NBA_2016.html">2016 Draft</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/NBA_2015.html">2015 Draft</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/NBA_2014.html">2014 Draft</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/NBA_2013.html">2013 Draft</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/draft/NBA_2012.html">2012 Draft</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/">Frivolities</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/birthdays.fcgi">Birthdays</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/colleges.cgi">Colleges</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/high_schools.cgi">High Schools</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/friv/milestones.cgi">Milestone Watch</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/">Executives</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/buforrc99x.html">R.C. Buford</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/embrywa01x.html">Wayne Embry</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/kastest99x.html">Stan Kasten</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/aingeda01x.html">Danny Ainge</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/executives/nelsodo01x.html">Don Nelson</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/">Referees</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/fortejo99r.html">Joe Forte</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/brothto99r.html">Tony Brothers</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/crawfda99r.html">Dan Crawford</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/olesiro99r.html">Ron Olesiak</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/referees/jonesda99r.html">David Jones</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/">D-League Stats</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/players/">Players</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/teams/">Teams</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/years/">Seasons</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/leaders/">Leaders</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/dleague/awards/">Awards</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/">Euro Basketball Stats</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/players/">Players</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/teams/">Teams</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/years/">Seasons</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/leaders/">Leaders</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/euro/awards/">Awards</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/">WNBA</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/players/">Players</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/teams/">Teams</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/years/">Seasons</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/leaders/">Leaders</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/awards/">Awards</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/">Olympics Stats</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/athletes/">Athletes</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/teams/">Teams</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/years/">Years</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/games/">Games</a>, ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/">NBL</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/players/">Players</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/teams/">Teams</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/years/">Seasons</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/leaders/">Leaders</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/nbl/awards/">Awards</a> ... </div> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/">About</a> <div> <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html">Glossary</a>, <a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/contact.html">Contact and Media Information</a>, ... </div> </li> </ul> </div><!-- div#site_menu --> <div id="social" class="icon_group noload"> <div class="section_heading"> <span class="section_anchor" id="/home-puig/bbr/build/copyit/html_fragments/about_glossary.html_f_link" data-label="We're Social...for Statheads" data-no-inpage="1"></span> <h2>We're Social...for Statheads</h2> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/tel://800-512-8907/" data-tip="Call us on Telephone" data-label="Telephone" class="poptip"><svg class="icon phone"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-phone"></use></svg></a> <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/" data-tip="The Sports Reference Blog" data-label="Our Blog" class="poptip"><svg class="icon wordpress"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-wordpress"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/feed/" data-tip="Our Blog's RSS Feed" data-label="RSS Feed" class="poptip"><svg class="icon rss"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-rss"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.facebook.com/Basketball.Reference" data-tip="Basketball-Reference.com at Facebook" data-label="Facebook" class="poptip"><svg class="icon facebook"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-facebook"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://twitter.com/bball_ref" data-tip="Basketball-Reference.com at Twitter" data-label="Twitter" class="poptip"><svg class="icon twitter"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-twitter"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://reddit.com/r/SportsReference" data-tip="Reddit/r/SportsReference" data-label="Reddit/r/SR" class="poptip"><svg class="icon reddit"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-reddit"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.youtube.com/user/sportsreference" data-tip="YouTube/SportsReference" data-label="YouTube" class="poptip"><svg class="icon youtube"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-youtube"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.linkedin.com/company/sports-reference-llc" data-tip="Follow SR on LinkedIn" data-label="LinkedIn" class="poptip"><svg class="icon linkedin"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-linkedin"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.paypal.me/sportsref" data-tip="Send us money via PayPal" data-label="PayPal" class="poptip"><svg class="icon paypal"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-paypal"></use></svg></a> <p>Every <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/sports-reference-social-media/">Sports Reference Social Media Account</a></p> <p><strong>Site Last Updated:</strong> Friday, June 30, 5:13PM </p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/feedback/" class="button alt">Question, Comment, Feedback, or Correction?</a> </div><!-- div#social --> <div id="tips_tricks"> <div class="section_heading"> <span class="section_anchor" id="tips_link" data-label="FAQs, Tip &amp; Tricks" data-no-inpage="1"></span> <h2>FAQs, Tip &amp; Tricks</h2> </div> <ul> <li><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/category/tips-and-tricks/">Tips and Tricks from our Blog.</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/linker/">Do you have a blog? Join our linker program.</a></li> <li><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/category/how-to-videos/">Watch our How-To Videos to Become a Stathead</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/my/auth.cgi?do=ad_free_browsing">Go ad-free to support Sports Reference and get our fastest browsing experience</a></li> <li><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.baseball-reference.com/play-index/">Subscribe to the Play Index and get access to more data than you can imagine</a></li> <!-- no Local/FooterTipsTricks.tt2 --> </ul> </div><!-- div#tips_tricks --> <div id="credits"> <p>All logos are the trademark &amp; property of their owners and not Sports Reference LLC. We present them here for purely educational purposes. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/2016/06/redesign-team-and-league-logos-courtesy-sportslogos-net/">Our reasoning for presenting offensive logos.</a></p> <p>Logos were compiled by the amazing <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://sportslogos.net/">SportsLogos.net.</a></p> <div class="notice">A Member of the <a rel="nofollow" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.foxsports.com/"> <img alt="Fox Sports Engage Network" width="300" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/images/klecko/engage.png" height="33"> </a> </div> <div class="notice">Primary Data Provided By <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.gracenote.com/sports/sports-data/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Gracenote Sports" border="0" width="275" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553im_/https://d2p3bygnnzw9w3.cloudfront.net/req/201706221/images/klecko/gracenote.png"></a> </div> <p>Copyright &copy; 2000-2017 <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/">Sports Reference LLC</a>. All rights reserved.</p> </div><!-- div#credits --> <ul id="site_dirs" class="bullets-inline"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/"><svg height="15px" width="20px"><use xlink:href="/web/20170707223553im_/http://www.basketball-reference.com/about/glossary.html#ic-sr-pennant"></use></svg> Sports Reference</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.baseball-reference.com/">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.pro-football-reference.com/">Football</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/">(college)</a></li> <li class="current"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.basketball-reference.com/">Basketball</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/">(college)</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.hockey-reference.com/">Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://fbref.com/">Soccer</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/blog/">Blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://widgets.sports-reference.com/">Widgets</a></li> </ul> <div id="about"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/about.html">About</a> &bull; <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/privacy.html">Privacy Statement</a> &bull; <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/termsofuse.html">Conditions &amp; Terms of Service</a> &bull; <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/http://www.sports-reference.com/data_use.html">Use of Data</a></div><!-- div#about --> </div><!-- div#footer --> </div><!-- div#wrap --> <!-- Google Analytics --><script> String.prototype.sr_isMatch = function(s){ return this.match(s)!==null}; function getCookie(name) { var prefix = name + "="; var begin = document.cookie.indexOf("; " + prefix); if (begin == -1) { begin = document.cookie.indexOf(prefix); if (begin != 0) return null; } else { begin += 2; var end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", begin); if (end == -1) { end = document.cookie.length; } } return unescape(document.cookie.substring(begin + prefix.length, end));} var sr_cookie = getCookie('SR_user') || ''; var sr_is_ad_free = sr_cookie.sr_isMatch('Z6SON8tTdJid'); var sr_is_user = sr_cookie !== null && sr_cookie !== ''; var sr_seen_modal = getCookie('modal_ad') !== null; (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){ i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r; i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date(); a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0]; a.async=1; a.src=g; m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://web.archive.org/web/20170707223553/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-1890630-2', 'auto'); ga('require', 'linkid', 'linkid.js'); ga('require', 'ecommerce', 'ecommerce.js'); ga('send', 'pageview'); ga('create', 'UA-1890630-20', 'auto', {'name': 'combined_tracker', 'allowLinker': true }); ga('combined_tracker.send', 'pageview'); var sr_device = 'unk'; if (Modernizr.phone) { sr_device = 'phone'; } else if (Modernizr.tablet) { sr_device = 'tablet'; } else if (Modernizr.laptop) { sr_device = 'laptop'; } else if (Modernizr.desktop) { sr_device = 'desktop'; } ga('create', 'UA-1890630-9', 'auto', {'name': 'sr_tracker', 'allowLinker': true }); ga('sr_tracker.require', 'displayfeatures'); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension1','bbr'); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension2',sr_is_ad_free); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension3',sr_is_user); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension4',sr_seen_modal); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension5',sr_device); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension6',Modernizr.is_modern?'yes':'no'); ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension7',Modernizr.viewport_width); /* note that this requires the Assets/AdBlockTest.tt2 to be included above. */ ga('sr_tracker.set', 'dimension8',(typeof sr_test == 'undefined')?'no-test':( sr_test ? 'non-blocking':'blocking')); ga('sr_tracker.send', 'pageview'); /* cribbed from: http://www.axllent.org/docs/view/track-outbound-links-with-analytics-js/ */ function _gaLt(event) { if (!ga.hasOwnProperty("loaded") || ga.loaded != true) { return; } var el = event.srcElement || event.target; /* if a link has been clicked */ if (el && el.href) { var link = el.href; /* Only if it is an external link */ if (link.indexOf(location.host) == -1 && !link.match(/^javascript\:/i)) { /* Is target set and not _(self|parent|top)? */ var target = (el.target && !el.target.match(/^_(self|parent|top)/i)) ? el.target : false; /* If target opens a new window then just track */ if (el.target && !el.target.match(/^_(self|parent|top)/i)) { ga("send", "event", "Outgoing Links", link, document.location.pathname + document.location.search); } }; } } window.addEventListener ? window.addEventListener("load", function() { document.body.addEventListener("click", _gaLt, !1)}, !1) : window.attachEvent && window.attachEvent("onload", function() { document.body.attachEvent("onclick", _gaLt) }); </script><!-- End Google Analytics --> </body><!-- SR --> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 22:35:53 Jul 07, 2017 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 06:40:47 Dec 12, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.659 exclusion.robots: 0.036 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.022 esindex: 0.015 cdx.remote: 38.058 LoadShardBlock: 158.789 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 97.089 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 140.898 (2) load_resource: 128.822 -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10