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vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Events_of_the_Kōnin_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events_of_the_Kōnin_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Events of the <i>Kōnin</i> era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events_of_the_Kōnin_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kōnin (era)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dnin_(%C3%84ra)" title="Kōnin (Ära) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kōnin (Ära)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dnin_(era)" title="Kōnin (era) – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kōnin (era)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dnin_(era)" title="Kōnin (era) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kōnin (era)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_(%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="کونین (دوره) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کونین (دوره)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88re_K%C5%8Dnin" title="Ère Kōnin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ère Kōnin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8B%8C" title="고닌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고닌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dnin" title="Kōnin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kōnin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konin_(era)" title="Konin (era) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Konin (era)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E4%BB%81" title="弘仁 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="弘仁" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE)" title="Конин (нэнго) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конин (нэнго)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Конин (ера) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Конин (ера)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dnin_(d%C3%B6nem)" title="Kōnin (dönem) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kōnin (dönem)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_(%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D2%91%D0%BE)" title="Конін (ненґо) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конін (ненґо)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E4%BB%81" title="弘仁 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="弘仁" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E4%BB%81" title="弘仁 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弘仁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1373070#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other meanings, see <a href="/wiki/Konin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Konin (disambiguation)">Konin (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p><b>Kōnin</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">弘仁</span></span>)</span> was a <a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese era name</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">年号,</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><i>nengō</i>,</i></span>, lit. "year name")</span> after <i><a href="/wiki/Daid%C5%8D" title="Daidō">Daidō</a></i> and before <i><a href="/wiki/Tench%C5%8D" title="Tenchō">Tenchō</a>.</i> This period started in September 810 and ended in January 824.<sup id="cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nussbaum_2002_557-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, the emperors were <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Saga" title="Emperor Saga">Saga</a><i>-tennō</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">嵯峨天皇</span></span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Junna" title="Emperor Junna">Junna</a><i>-tennō</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">淳和天皇</span></span>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events_of_the_Kōnin_era"><span id="Events_of_the_K.C5.8Dnin_era"></span>Events of the <i>Kōnin</i> era</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Events of the Kōnin era" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Events of the Kōnin era"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg/220px-Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg/330px-Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg/440px-Koku_Saitcho_shounin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="1389" /></a><figcaption>In <i>Kōnin</i> 13, Emperor Saga wrote "Cry for noble Saichō"<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">哭最澄上人</span></span>)</span></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>812</b> (<i>Kōnin 3</i>): Official commentary on the <i><a href="/wiki/Nihongi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihongi">Nihongi</a></i> was written.<sup id="cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nussbaum_2002_557-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>820</b> (<i>Kōnin 3</i>): Legal code was re-written in 50 volumes, including all laws since 701.<sup id="cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nussbaum_2002_557-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>822</b> (<i>Kōnin 13</i>): Death of the monk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saich%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saichō (not yet started)">Saichō</a>, who was the founder of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tendai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tendai (not yet started)">Tendai</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">天台宗</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Tendai-shū</i></span>)</span> sect of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> in Japan<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>30 May 823</b> (<i>Kōnin 14, 17th day of the 4th month</i>): In the 14th year of Emperor Saga's reign, he <a href="/wiki/Abdication" title="Abdication">abdicated</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Succession" class="mw-disambig" title="Succession">succession</a> (<i>senso</i>) was <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/received" class="extiw" title="wikt:received">received</a> by a his younger brother. Soon after, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Junna" title="Emperor Junna">Emperor Junna</a> accepted the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarch's</a> role and duties and powers (<i>sokui</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/confirm" class="extiw" title="wikt:confirm">confirmed</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremonies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>This era is part of <i>Kōnin-jōgan</i>, which is a historical period from 810 to 877. The importance of Buddhism and the arts was notable during this time.<sup id="cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nussbaum_2002_557-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Nussbaum_2002_557-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-2">1.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nussbaum_2002_557_1-3">1.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum2002" class="citation book cs1">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA557"><i>Japan Encyclopedia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 557. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5"><bdi>978-0-674-01753-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=557&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01753-5&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp2QnPijAEmEC%26pg%3DPA557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AK%C5%8Dnin+%28era%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum2002" class="citation book cs1">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA804"><i>Japan Encyclopedia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 804. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5"><bdi>978-0-674-01753-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=804&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01753-5&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp2QnPijAEmEC%26pg%3DPA804&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AK%C5%8Dnin+%28era%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum2002" class="citation book cs1">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA437"><i>Japan Encyclopedia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 437. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5"><bdi>978-0-674-01753-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=437&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01753-5&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp2QnPijAEmEC%26pg%3DPA437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AK%C5%8Dnin+%28era%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum2002" class="citation book cs1">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA805"><i>Japan Encyclopedia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 805. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5"><bdi>978-0-674-01753-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=805&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01753-5&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp2QnPijAEmEC%26pg%3DPA805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AK%C5%8Dnin+%28era%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKlaproth1834" class="citation book cs1">Klaproth, Julius von (1834). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ"><i>Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon</i></a>. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 102.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran%3A+ou+Annales+des+empereurs+du+Japon&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Oriental+Translation+Fund&rft.date=1834&rft.aulast=Klaproth&rft.aufirst=Julius+von&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D18oNAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AK%C5%8Dnin+%28era%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of <i>senso</i> is unrecognized prior to <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Tenji" title="Emperor Tenji">Emperor Tenji</a>; and all sovereigns except <a href="/wiki/Empress_Jit%C5%8D" title="Empress Jitō">Jitō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Y%C5%8Dzei" title="Emperor Yōzei">Yōzei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Go-Toba" title="Emperor Go-Toba">Go-Toba</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Fushimi" title="Emperor Fushimi">Fushimi</a> have <i>senso</i> and <i>sokui</i> in the same year until the reign of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Go-Murakami" title="Emperor Go-Murakami">Emperor Go-Murakami</a>. Compare <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Household_Agency" title="Imperial Household Agency">Imperial Household Agency</a> (<i>Kunaichō</i>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/e-about/seido/seido06-ph.html">Ceremony of Accession (<i>Sokui-no-Rei</i>)</a>. Retrieved 2011-12-27.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dnin_(era)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" title="National Diet Library">National Diet Library</a>, "The Japanese Calendar" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/">-- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection</a></li></ul> <center> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:80%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kōnin</th> <th>1st</th> <th>2nd</th> <th>3rd</th> <th>4th</th> <th>5th</th> <th>6th</th> <th>7th</th> <th>8th</th> <th>9th</th> <th>10th</th> <th>11th</th> <th>12th</th> <th>13th</th> <th>14th</th> <th>15th </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>810</td> <td>811</td> <td>812</td> <td>813</td> <td>814 </td> <td>815</td> <td>816</td> <td>817</td> <td>818</td> <td>819</td> <td>820</td> <td>821</td> <td>822 </td> <td>823</td> <td>824 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td style="width:20%;">Preceded by:<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Daid%C5%8D" title="Daidō">Daidō</a></i> </td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Era or <i>nengō</i></a>:<br /><b>Kōnin</b> </td> <td style="width:20%;">Succeeded by:<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Tench%C5%8D" title="Tenchō">Tenchō</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style 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class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Japanese_era_names_(Nengō)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_era_name" title="Template:Japanese era name"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_era_name" title="Template talk:Japanese era name"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Japanese_era_name&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Japanese_era_names_(Nengō)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese era names</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name"><i>Nengō</i></a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;">Legendary Period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Kofun_period" title="Kofun period">Kofun period</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Asuka_period" title="Asuka period">Asuka period</a><br />538–710</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Taika_(era)" title="Taika (era)">Taika</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">645–650</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hakuchi_(era)" title="Hakuchi (era)">Hakuchi</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">650–654</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Shuch%C5%8D" title="Shuchō">Shuchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">686–686</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Taih%C5%8D_(era)" title="Taihō (era)">Taihō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">701–704</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Keiun" title="Keiun">Keiun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">704–708</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Wad%C5%8D_(era)" title="Wadō (era)">Wadō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">708–715</span>  </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Nara_period" title="Nara period">Nara period</a><br />710–784</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Reiki_(era)" title="Reiki (era)">Reiki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">715–717</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" title="Yōrō">Yōrō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">717–724</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jinki_(era)" title="Jinki (era)">Jinki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">724–729</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpy%C5%8D" title="Tenpyō">Tenpyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">729–749</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpy%C5%8D-kanp%C5%8D" title="Tenpyō-kanpō">Tenpyō-kanpō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">749–749</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpy%C5%8D-sh%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Tenpyō-shōhō">Tenpyō-shōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">749–757</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpy%C5%8D-h%C5%8Dji" title="Tenpyō-hōji">Tenpyō-hōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">757–765</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpy%C5%8D-jingo" title="Tenpyō-jingo">Tenpyō-jingo</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">765–767</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jingo-keiun" title="Jingo-keiun">Jingo-keiun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">767–770</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dki" title="Hōki">Hōki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">770–781</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ten%27%C5%8D" title="Ten'ō">Ten'ō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">781–782</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enryaku" title="Enryaku">Enryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">782–806</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a><br />784–1185</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Daid%C5%8D" title="Daidō">Daidō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">806–810</span>  <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kōnin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">810–824</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tench%C5%8D" title="Tenchō">Tenchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">824–834</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dwa_(Heian_period)" title="Jōwa (Heian period)">Jōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">834–848</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kash%C5%8D_(early_Heian_period)" title="Kashō (early Heian period)">Kashō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">848–851</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ninju" title="Ninju">Ninju</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">851–854</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Saik%C5%8D" title="Saikō">Saikō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">854–857</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ten%27an" title="Ten'an">Ten'an</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">857–859</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dgan" title="Jōgan">Jōgan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">859–877</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gangy%C5%8D" title="Gangyō">Gangyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">877–885</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ninna" title="Ninna">Ninna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">885–889</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kanpy%C5%8D_(era)" title="Kanpyō (era)">Kanpyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">889–898</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dtai" title="Shōtai">Shōtai</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">898–901</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Engi_(era)" title="Engi (era)">Engi</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">901–923</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ench%C5%8D" title="Enchō">Enchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">923–931</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dhei" title="Jōhei">Jōhei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">931–938</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tengy%C5%8D" title="Tengyō">Tengyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">938–947</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenryaku" title="Tenryaku">Tenryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">947–957</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tentoku" title="Tentoku">Tentoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">957–961</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cwa" title="Ōwa">Ōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">961–964</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Kōhō">Kōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">964–968</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anna_(era)" title="Anna (era)">Anna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">968–970</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenroku" title="Tenroku">Tenroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">970–973</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ten%27en" title="Ten'en">Ten'en</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">973–976</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dgen_(Heian_period)" title="Jōgen (Heian period)">Jōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">976–978</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tengen_(era)" title="Tengen (era)">Tengen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">978–983</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eikan" title="Eikan">Eikan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">983–985</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kanna_(era)" title="Kanna (era)">Kanna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">985–987</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eien" title="Eien">Eien</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">987–988</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiso" title="Eiso">Eiso</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">988–990</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dryaku" title="Shōryaku">Shōryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">990–995</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dtoku" title="Chōtoku">Chōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">995–999</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dh%C5%8D_(era)" title="Chōhō (era)">Chōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">999–1004</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kank%C5%8D" title="Kankō">Kankō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1004–1012</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dwa" title="Chōwa">Chōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1012–1017</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kannin" title="Kannin">Kannin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1017–1021</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jian_(era)" title="Jian (era)">Jian</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1021–1024</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Manju_(era)" title="Manju (era)">Manju</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1024–1028</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dgen" title="Chōgen">Chōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1028–1037</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dryaku" title="Chōryaku">Chōryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1037–1040</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dky%C5%AB" title="Chōkyū">Chōkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1040–1044</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kantoku" title="Kantoku">Kantoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1044–1046</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eish%C5%8D_(Heian_period)" title="Eishō (Heian period)">Eishō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1046–1053</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tengi" title="Tengi">Tengi</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1053–1058</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dhei" title="Kōhei">Kōhei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1058–1065</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jiryaku" title="Jiryaku">Jiryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1065–1069</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enky%C5%AB" title="Enkyū">Enkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1069–1074</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Jōhō">Jōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1074–1077</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dryaku" title="Jōryaku">Jōryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1077–1081</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eih%C5%8D" title="Eihō">Eihō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1081–1084</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ctoku" title="Ōtoku">Ōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1084–1087</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kanji_(era)" title="Kanji (era)">Kanji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1087–1094</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kah%C5%8D" title="Kahō">Kahō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1094–1096</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eich%C5%8D" title="Eichō">Eichō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1096–1097</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dtoku" title="Jōtoku">Jōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1097–1099</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dwa_(Heian_period)" title="Kōwa (Heian period)">Kōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1099–1104</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dji" title="Chōji">Chōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1104–1106</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kash%C5%8D_(late_Heian_period)" title="Kashō (late Heian period)">Kashō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1106–1108</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tennin_(era)" title="Tennin (era)">Tennin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1108–1110</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ten%27ei" title="Ten'ei">Ten'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1110–1113</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiky%C5%AB" title="Eikyū">Eikyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1113–1118</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gen%27ei" title="Gen'ei">Gen'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1118–1120</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dan" title="Hōan">Hōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1120–1124</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenji_(era)" title="Tenji (era)">Tenji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1124–1126</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Daiji_(era)" title="Daiji (era)">Daiji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1126–1131</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tensh%C5%8D_(Heian_period)" title="Tenshō (Heian period)">Tenshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1131–1132</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D" title="Chōshō">Chōshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1132–1135</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Den" title="Hōen">Hōen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1135–1141</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiji_(era)" title="Eiji (era)">Eiji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1141–1142</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dji_(Heian_period)" title="Kōji (Heian period)">Kōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1142–1144</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ten%27y%C5%8D" title="Ten'yō">Ten'yō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1144–1145</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABan" title="Kyūan">Kyūan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1145–1151</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ninpei" title="Ninpei">Ninpei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1151–1154</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABju" title="Kyūju">Kyūju</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1154–1156</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dgen_(era)" title="Hōgen (era)">Hōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1156–1159</span>   <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Heiji" title="Heiji">Heiji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1159–1160</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiryaku" title="Eiryaku">Eiryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1160–1161</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ch%C5%8D" title="Ōhō">Ōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1161–1163</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dkan" title="Chōkan">Chōkan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1163–1165</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiman" title="Eiman">Eiman</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1165–1166</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nin%27an" title="Nin'an">Nin'an</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1166–1169</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%8D_(era)" title="Kaō (era)">Kaō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1169–1171</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dan_(era)" title="Jōan (era)">Jōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1171–1175</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Angen" title="Angen">Angen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1175–1177</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jish%C5%8D" title="Jishō">Jishō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1177–1181</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dwa" title="Yōwa">Yōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1181–1182</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Juei" title="Juei">Juei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1182–1184</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genryaku" title="Genryaku">Genryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1184–1185</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Kamakura_period" title="Kamakura period">Kamakura period</a><br />1185–1333</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bunji_(era)" title="Bunji (era)">Bunji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1185–1190</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kenky%C5%AB" title="Kenkyū">Kenkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1190–1199</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dji_(era)" title="Shōji (era)">Shōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1199–1201</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kennin" title="Kennin">Kennin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1201–1204</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genky%C5%AB" title="Genkyū">Genkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1204–1206</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ken%27ei" title="Ken'ei">Ken'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1206–1207</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dgen_(Kamakura_period)" title="Jōgen (Kamakura period)">Jōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa">1207–1211</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kenryaku" title="Kenryaku">Kenryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1211–1213</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kempo_(era)" title="Kempo (era)">Kempo</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1213–1219</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dky%C5%AB" title="Jōkyū">Jōkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1219–1222</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Kamakura_period)" title="Jōō (Kamakura period)">Jōō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1222–1224</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gennin" title="Gennin">Gennin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1224–1225</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karoku" title="Karoku">Karoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1225–1227</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antei" title="Antei">Antei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1227–1229</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kangi" title="Kangi">Kangi</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1229–1232</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dei" title="Jōei">Jōei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1232–1233</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenpuku" title="Tenpuku">Tenpuku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1233–1234</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunryaku" title="Bunryaku">Bunryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1234–1235</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Katei" title="Katei">Katei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1235–1238</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ryakunin" title="Ryakunin">Ryakunin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1238–1239</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/En%27%C5%8D" title="En'ō">En'ō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1239–1240</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ninji" title="Ninji">Ninji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1240–1243</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kangen" title="Kangen">Kangen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1243–1247</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dji" title="Hōji">Hōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1247–1249</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kench%C5%8D" title="Kenchō">Kenchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1249–1256</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dgen" title="Kōgen">Kōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1256–1257</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dka" title="Shōka">Shōka</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1257–1259</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dgen" title="Shōgen">Shōgen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1259–1260</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bun%27%C5%8D" title="Bun'ō">Bun'ō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1260–1261</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Kōchō">Kōchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1261–1264</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bun%27ei" title="Bun'ei">Bun'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1264–1275</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kenji_(era)" title="Kenji (era)">Kenji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1275–1278</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dan_(Kamakura_period)" title="Kōan (Kamakura period)">Kōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1278–1288</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Kamakura_period)" title="Shōō (Kamakura period)">Shōō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1288–1293</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Einin" title="Einin">Einin </a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1293–1299</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dan" title="Shōan">Shōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1299–1302</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kengen" title="Kengen">Kengen </a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1302–1303</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kagen" title="Kagen">Kagen </a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1303–1306</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tokuji" title="Tokuji">Tokuji </a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1306–1308</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enky%C5%8D_(Kamakura_period)" title="Enkyō (Kamakura period)">Enkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1308–1311</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cch%C5%8D" title="Ōchō">Ōchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1311–1312</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_(Kamakura_period)" title="Shōwa (Kamakura period)">Shōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1312–1317</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunp%C5%8D" title="Bunpō">Bunpō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1317–1319</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gen%27%C5%8D" title="Gen'ō">Gen'ō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1319–1321</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genky%C5%8D" title="Genkyō">Genkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1321–1324</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dch%C5%AB_(era)" title="Shōchū (era)">Shōchū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1324–1326</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karyaku" title="Karyaku">Karyaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1326–1329</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gentoku" title="Gentoku">Gentoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1329–1331</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genk%C5%8D_(era)" title="Genkō (era)">Genkō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1331–1334<sup>♯</sup></span>   <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dky%C5%8D" title="Shōkyō">Shōkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1332–1334<sup>₪</sup></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Nanboku-ch%C5%8D_period" title="Nanboku-chō period">Nanboku-chō period</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Northern_Court" title="Northern Court">Northern Court</a>)</small><br />1336–1392</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Kemmu" title="Kemmu">Kemmu</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1334–1338</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ryaku%C5%8D" title="Ryakuō">Ryakuō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1338–1342</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dei_(era)" title="Kōei (era)">Kōei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1342–1345</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dwa_(Muromachi_period)" title="Jōwa (Muromachi period)">Jōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1345–1350</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kann%C5%8D" title="Kannō">Kannō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1350–1352</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunna" title="Bunna">Bunna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1352–1356</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enbun" title="Enbun">Enbun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1356–1361</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dan_(Muromachi_period)" title="Kōan (Muromachi period)">Kōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1361–1362</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dji" title="Jōji">Jōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1362–1368</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Can" title="Ōan">Ōan</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1368–1375</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiwa" title="Eiwa">Eiwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1375–1379</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dryaku" title="Kōryaku">Kōryaku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1379–1381</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eitoku" title="Eitoku">Eitoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1381–1384</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Shitoku" title="Shitoku">Shitoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1384–1387</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kakei" title="Kakei">Kakei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1387–1389</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Nanboku-ch%C5%8D_period)" title="Kōō (Nanboku-chō period)">Kōō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1389–1390</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Meitoku" title="Meitoku">Meitoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1390–1394<sup>‡</sup></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Nanboku-ch%C5%8D_period" title="Nanboku-chō period">Nanboku-chō period</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Southern_Court" title="Southern Court">Southern Court</a>)</small><br />1336–1392</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Kemmu" title="Kemmu">Kemmu</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1334–1336</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Engen" title="Engen">Engen</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1336–1340</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dkoku" title="Kōkoku">Kōkoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1340–1346</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dhei" title="Shōhei">Shōhei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1346–1370</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kentoku" title="Kentoku">Kentoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1370–1372</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunch%C5%AB" title="Bunchū">Bunchū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1372–1375</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenju" title="Tenju">Tenju</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1375–1381</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dwa_(Muromachi_period)" title="Kōwa (Muromachi period)">Kōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1381–1384</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gench%C5%AB" title="Genchū">Genchū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1384–1392<sup>‡</sup></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Muromachi_period" title="Muromachi period">Muromachi period</a><br />1333–1573</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cei" title="Ōei">Ōei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1394–1428</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Shōchō">Shōchō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1428–1429</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiky%C5%8D" title="Eikyō">Eikyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1429–1441</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kakitsu" title="Kakitsu">Kakitsu</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1441–1444</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bun%27an" title="Bun'an">Bun'an</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1444–1449</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dtoku" title="Hōtoku">Hōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1449–1452</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dtoku" title="Kyōtoku">Kyōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1452–1455</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D" title="Kōshō">Kōshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1455–1457</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Droku" title="Chōroku">Chōroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1457–1460</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kansh%C5%8D" title="Kanshō">Kanshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1460–1466</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunsh%C5%8D" title="Bunshō">Bunshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1466–1467</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cnin" title="Ōnin">Ōnin</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1467–1469</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunmei" title="Bunmei">Bunmei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1469–1487</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dky%C5%8D" title="Chōkyō">Chōkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1487–1489</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Entoku" title="Entoku">Entoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1489–1492</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mei%C5%8D" title="Meiō">Meiō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1492–1501</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunki" title="Bunki">Bunki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1501–1521</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eish%C5%8D_(Muromachi_period)" title="Eishō (Muromachi period)">Eishō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1504–1521</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Daiei_(era)" title="Daiei (era)">Daiei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1521–1528</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Droku" title="Kyōroku">Kyōroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1528–1532</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenbun" title="Tenbun">Tenbun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1532–1555</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dji_(Muromachi_period)" title="Kōji (Muromachi period)">Kōji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1555–1558</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eiroku" title="Eiroku">Eiroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1558–1570</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genki" title="Genki">Genki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1570–1573</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Azuchi-Momoyama_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Azuchi-Momoyama period">Momoyama period</a><br />1573–1600</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tensh%C5%8D_(Momoyama_period)" title="Tenshō (Momoyama period)">Tenshō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1573–1592</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunroku" title="Bunroku">Bunroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1592–1596</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Keich%C5%8D" title="Keichō">Keichō </a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1596–1615</span>  </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a><br />1600–1868</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Genna" title="Genna">Genna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1615–1624</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kan%27ei" title="Kan'ei">Kan'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1624–1644</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Shōhō">Shōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1644–1648</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Keian" title="Keian">Keian</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1648–1652</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Edo_period)" title="Jōō (Edo period)">Jōō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1652–1655</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Meireki" title="Meireki">Meireki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1655–1658</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Manji_(era)" title="Manji (era)">Manji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1658–1661</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kanbun_(era)" title="Kanbun (era)">Kanbun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1661–1673</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enp%C5%8D" title="Enpō">Enpō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1673–1681</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenna" title="Tenna">Tenna</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1681–1684</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dky%C5%8D" title="Jōkyō">Jōkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1684–1688</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genroku" title="Genroku">Genroku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1688–1704</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dei" title="Hōei">Hōei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1704–1711</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dtoku_(era)" title="Shōtoku (era)">Shōtoku</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1711–1716</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Kyōhō">Kyōhō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1716–1736</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genbun" title="Genbun">Genbun</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1736–1741</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kanp%C5%8D" title="Kanpō">Kanpō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1741–1744</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Enky%C5%8D_(Edo_period)" title="Enkyō (Edo period)">Enkyō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1744–1748</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kan%27en" title="Kan'en">Kan'en</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1748–1751</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dreki" title="Hōreki">Hōreki</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1751–1764</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Meiwa" title="Meiwa">Meiwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1764–1772</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/An%27ei" title="An'ei">An'ei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1772–1781</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenmei" title="Tenmei">Tenmei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1781–1789</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kansei" title="Kansei">Kansei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1789–1801</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dwa" title="Kyōwa">Kyōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1801–1804</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunka" title="Bunka">Bunka</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1804–1818</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunsei" title="Bunsei">Bunsei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1818–1830</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tenp%C5%8D" title="Tenpō">Tenpō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1830–1844</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dka" title="Kōka">Kōka</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1844–1848</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kaei" title="Kaei">Kaei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1848–1854</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ansei" title="Ansei">Ansei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1854–1860</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Man%27en" title="Man'en">Man'en</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1860–1861</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bunky%C5%AB" title="Bunkyū">Bunkyū</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1861–1864</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genji_era" title="Genji era">Genji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1864–1865</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kei%C5%8D" title="Keiō">Keiō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1865–1868</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue; line–height:1.5em;">Modern Japan<br />1868–<i>present</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" title="Meiji period">Meiji</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1868–1912</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" title="Taishō period">Taishō</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1912–1926</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_period" title="Shōwa period">Shōwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1926–1989</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Heisei_period" title="Heisei period">Heisei</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">1989–2019</span>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Reiwa_period" title="Reiwa period">Reiwa</a> <span style="font-size:0.85em; color:#aaa;">2019–<i>present</i></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div><sup>♯</sup>The Northern pretenders did not recognize the Genkō era. Gentoku was used in the Northern Court until 1332.<br /> <sup>₪</sup>The Shōkyō era was recognized only by the Northern pretenders, not by the Southern Court.<br /> <sup>‡</sup> Upon reunification of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, Genchū was discontinued. 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