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LED.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: protection circuit. LED."> <meta name="keywords" content="protection circuit. 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LED."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1141</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: protection circuit. LED.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">991</span> The Need to Enhance Online Consumer Protection in KSA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Aloufi">Abdulrahman Aloufi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>E-commerce has evolved to become a functional and mainstream tool of global trading, including in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Consequently, online consumers need protection just as much as consumers in the offline world. In 2019, the Ministry of Commerce in Saudi Arabia established a so-called ‘e-commerce law’; however, this law does not cover the court enforcement of contracts entered into by international vendors, so it is not applicable in cross-border situations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the gaps present in this new e-commerce law in Saudi Arabia.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Consumer%20protection" title="Consumer protection">Consumer protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=e-commerce%20law" title=" e-commerce law"> e-commerce law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saudi%20consumer" title=" Saudi consumer"> Saudi consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=international%20vendor." title=" international vendor."> international vendor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/the-need-to-enhance-online-consumer-protection-in-ksa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">747</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">990</span> Tele-Operated Anthropomorphic Arm and Hand Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Namal%20A.%20Senanayake">Namal A. Senanayake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khoo%20B.%20How"> Khoo B. How</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Quah%20W.%20Wai"> Quah W. Wai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this project, a tele-operated anthropomorphic robotic arm and hand is designed and built as a versatile robotic arm system. The robot has the ability to manipulate objects such as pick and place operations. It is also able to function by itself, in standalone mode. Firstly, the robotic arm is built in order to interface with a personal computer via a serial servo controller circuit board. The circuit board enables user to completely control the robotic arm and moreover, enables feedbacks from user. The control circuit board uses a powerful integrated microcontroller, a PIC (Programmable Interface Controller). The PIC is firstly programmed using BASIC (Beginner-s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) and it is used as the 'brain' of the robot. In addition a user friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed as the serial servo interface software using Microsoft-s Visual Basic 6. The second part of the project is to use speech recognition control on the robotic arm. A speech recognition circuit board is constructed with onboard components such as PIC and other integrated circuits. It replaces the computers- Graphical User Interface. The robotic arm is able to receive instructions as spoken commands through a microphone and perform operations with respect to the commands such as picking and placing operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tele-operated%20Anthropomorphic%20Robotic%20Arm%20and%0D%0AHand" title="Tele-operated Anthropomorphic Robotic Arm and Hand">Tele-operated Anthropomorphic Robotic Arm and Hand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robot%20Motion%20System" title=" Robot Motion System"> Robot Motion System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Serial%20Servo%20Controller" title=" Serial Servo Controller"> Serial Servo Controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Speech%0D%0ARecognition%20Controller." title=" Speech Recognition Controller."> Speech Recognition Controller.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/tele-operated-anthropomorphic-arm-and-hand-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1766</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">989</span> A New Integer Programming Formulation for the Chinese Postman Problem with Time Dependent Travel Times</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jinghao%20Sun">Jinghao Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guozhen%20Tan"> Guozhen Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangjian%20Hou"> Guangjian Hou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chinese Postman Problem (CPP) is one of the classical problems in graph theory and is applicable in a wide range of fields. With the rapid development of hybrid systems and model based testing, Chinese Postman Problem with Time Dependent Travel Times (CPPTDT) becomes more realistic than the classical problems. In the literature, we have proposed the first integer programming formulation for the CPPTDT problem, namely, circuit formulation, based on which some polyhedral results are investigated and a cutting plane algorithm is also designed. However, there exists a main drawback: the circuit formulation is only available for solving the special instances with all circuits passing through the origin. Therefore, this paper proposes a new integer programming formulation for solving all the general instances of CPPTDT. Moreover, the size of the circuit formulation is too large, which is reduced dramatically here. Thus, it is possible to design more efficient algorithm for solving the CPPTDT in the future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chinese%20Postman%20Problem" title="Chinese Postman Problem">Chinese Postman Problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Time%20Dependent" title=" Time Dependent"> Time Dependent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Integer%20Programming" title=" Integer Programming"> Integer Programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Upper%20Bound%20Analysis." title=" Upper Bound Analysis."> Upper Bound Analysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/a-new-integer-programming-formulation-for-the-chinese-postman-problem-with-time-dependent-travel-times" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2740</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">988</span> Performance Enhancement of Analog Voltage Inverter with Adaptive Gain Control for Capacitive Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sun-Ki%20Hong">Sun-Ki Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong-Ho%20Cho"> Yong-Ho Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ki-Seok%20Kim"> Ki-Seok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tae-Sam%20Kang"> Tae-Sam Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Piezoelectric actuator is treated as RC load when it is modeled electrically. For some piezoelectric actuator applications, arbitrary voltage is required to actuate. Especially for unidirectional arbitrary voltage driving like as sine wave, some special inverter with circuit that can charge and discharge the capacitive energy can be used. In this case, the difference between power supply level and the object voltage level for RC load is varied. Because the control gain is constant, the controlled output is not uniform according to the voltage difference. In this paper, for charge and discharge circuit for unidirectional arbitrary voltage driving for piezoelectric actuator, the controller gain is controlled according to the voltage difference. With the proposed simple idea, the load voltage can have controlled smoothly although the voltage difference is varied. The appropriateness is proved from the simulation of the proposed circuit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Analog%20voltage%20inverter" title="Analog voltage inverter">Analog voltage inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Capacitive%20load" title=" Capacitive load"> Capacitive load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gain%0D%0Acontrol" title=" Gain control"> Gain control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DC-DC%20converter" title=" DC-DC converter"> DC-DC converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Piezoelectric" title=" Piezoelectric"> Piezoelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Voltage%20waveform." title=" Voltage waveform."> Voltage waveform.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/performance-enhancement-of-analog-voltage-inverter-with-adaptive-gain-control-for-capacitive-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1752</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">987</span> Feasibility of the Evolutionary Algorithm using Different Behaviours of the Mutation Rate to Design Simple Digital Logic Circuits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Konstantin%20Movsovic">Konstantin Movsovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Emanuele%20Stomeo"> Emanuele Stomeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tatiana%20Kalganova"> Tatiana Kalganova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The evolutionary design of electronic circuits, or evolvable hardware, is a discipline that allows the user to automatically obtain the desired circuit design. The circuit configuration is under the control of evolutionary algorithms. Several researchers have used evolvable hardware to design electrical circuits. Every time that one particular algorithm is selected to carry out the evolution, it is necessary that all its parameters, such as mutation rate, population size, selection mechanisms etc. are tuned in order to achieve the best results during the evolution process. This paper investigates the abilities of evolution strategy to evolve digital logic circuits based on programmable logic array structures when different mutation rates are used. Several mutation rates (fixed and variable) are analyzed and compared with each other to outline the most appropriate choice to be used during the evolution of combinational logic circuits. The experimental results outlined in this paper are important as they could be used by every researcher who might need to use the evolutionary algorithm to design digital logic circuits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Evolvable%20hardware" title="Evolvable hardware">Evolvable hardware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=evolutionary%20algorithm" title=" evolutionary algorithm"> evolutionary algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=digitallogic%20circuit" title=" digitallogic circuit"> digitallogic circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mutation%20rate." title=" mutation rate."> mutation rate.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/feasibility-of-the-evolutionary-algorithm-using-different-behaviours-of-the-mutation-rate-to-design-simple-digital-logic-circuits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">986</span> European Ecological Network Natura 2000 - Opportunities and Threats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adam%20Niewiadomski">Adam Niewiadomski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The research objective of the project and article “European Ecological Network Natura 2000 – opportunities and threats” Natura 2000 sites constitute a form of environmental protection, several legal problems are likely to result. Most controversially, certain sites will be subject to two regimes of protection: as national parks and as Natura 2000 sites. This dualism of the legal regulation makes it difficult to perform certain legal obligations related to the regimes envisaged under each form of environmental protection. Which regime and which obligations resulting from the particular form of environmental protection have priority and should prevail? What should be done if these obligations are contradictory? Furthermore, an institutional problem consists in that no public administration authority has the power to resolve legal conflicts concerning the application of a particular regime on a given site. There are also no criteria to decide priority and superiority of one form of environmental protection over the other. Which regulations are more important, those that pertain to national parks or to Natura 2000 sites? In the light of the current regulations, it is impossible to give a decisive answer to these questions. The internal hierarchy of forms of environmental protection has not been determined, and all such forms should be treated equally.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natura%202000" title="Natura 2000">Natura 2000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=European%20Ecological%20Network." title=" European Ecological Network."> European Ecological Network.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/european-ecological-network-natura-2000-opportunities-and-threats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1780</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">985</span> Application Potential of Selected Tools in Context of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Risk Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hromada%20Martin">Hromada Martin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Risk analysis is considered as a fundamental aspect relevant for ensuring the level of critical infrastructure protection, where the critical infrastructure is seen as system, asset or its part which is important for maintaining the vital societal functions. Article actually discusses and analyzes the potential application of selected tools of information support for the implementation and within the framework of risk analysis and critical infrastructure protection. Use of the information in relation to their risk analysis can be viewed as a form of simplifying the analytical process. It is clear that these instruments (information support) for these purposes are countless, so they were selected representatives who have already been applied in the selected area of critical infrastructure, or they can be used. All presented fact were the basis for critical infrastructure resilience evaluation methodology development.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Critical%20infrastructure" title="Critical infrastructure">Critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Protection" title=" Protection"> Protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Resilience" title=" Resilience"> Resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Risk%0D%0AAnalysis." title=" Risk Analysis."> Risk Analysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/application-potential-of-selected-tools-in-context-of-critical-infrastructure-protection-and-risk-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1618</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">984</span> New Design of a Broadband Microwave Zero Bias Power Limiter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Echchakhaoui">K. Echchakhaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Abdelmounim"> E. Abdelmounim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Zbitou"> J. Zbitou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Bennis"> H. Bennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Ababssi"> N. Ababssi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Latrach"> M. Latrach</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper a new design of a broadband microwave power limiter is presented and validated into simulation by using ADS software (Advanced Design System) from Agilent technologies. The final circuit is built on microstrip lines by using identical Zero Bias Schottky diodes. The power limiter is designed by Associating 3 stages Schottky diodes. The obtained simulation results permit to validate this circuit with a threshold input power level of 0 dBm until a maximum input power of 30 dBm.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Limiter" title="Limiter">Limiter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microstrip" title=" microstrip"> microstrip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=zero-biais." title=" zero-biais."> zero-biais.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/new-design-of-a-broadband-microwave-zero-bias-power-limiter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3790</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">983</span> An Inductive Coupling Based CMOS Wireless Powering Link for Implantable Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lei%20Yao">Lei Yao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jia%20Hao%20Cheong"> Jia Hao Cheong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rui-Feng%20Xue"> Rui-Feng Xue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Minkyu%20Je"> Minkyu Je</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A closed-loop controlled wireless power transmission circuit block for implantable biomedical applications is described in this paper. The circuit consists of one front-end rectifier, power management sub-block including bandgap reference and low drop-out regulators (LDOs) as well as transmission power detection / feedback circuits. Simulation result shows that the front-end rectifier achieves 80% power efficiency with 750-mV single-end peak-to-peak input voltage and 1.28-V output voltage under load current of 4 mA. The power management block can supply 1.8mA average load current under 1V consuming only 12μW power, which is equivalent to 99.3% power efficiency. The wireless power transmission block described in this paper achieves a maximum power efficiency of 80%. The wireless power transmission circuit block is designed and implemented using UMC 65-nm CMOS/RF process. It occupies 1 mm × 1.2 mm silicon area.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Implantable%20biomedical%20devices" title="Implantable biomedical devices">Implantable biomedical devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wireless%20power%0D%0Atransfer" title=" wireless power transfer"> wireless power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LDO" title=" LDO"> LDO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rectifier" title=" rectifier"> rectifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=closed-loop%20power%20control" title=" closed-loop power control"> closed-loop power control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/an-inductive-coupling-based-cmos-wireless-powering-link-for-implantable-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">982</span> Design, Analysis and Modeling of Dual Band Microstrip Loop Antenna Using Defective Ground Plane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Bansal">R. Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Jain"> A. Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Kumar"> M. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20S.%20Meena"> R. S. Meena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Present wireless communication demands compact and intelligent devices with multitasking capabilities at affordable cost. The focus in the presented paper is on a dual band antenna for wireless communication with the capability of operating at two frequency bands with same structure. Two resonance frequencies are observed with the second operation band at 4.2GHz approximately three times the first resonance frequency at 1.5GHz. Structure is simple loop of microstrip line with characteristic impedance 50 ohms. The proposed antenna is designed using defective ground structure (DGS) and shows the nearly one third reductions in size as compared to without DGS. This antenna was simulated on electromagnetic (EM) simulation software and fabricated using microwave integrated circuit technique on RT-Duroid dielectric substrate (ε<sub>r</sub>= 2.22) of thickness (H=15 mils). The designed antenna was tested on automatic network analyzer and shows the good agreement with simulated results. The proposed structure is modeled into an equivalent electrical circuit and simulated on circuit simulator. Subsequently, theoretical analysis was carried out and simulated. The simulated, measured, equivalent circuit response, and theoretical results shows good resemblance. The bands of operation draw many potential applications in today’s wireless communication.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Defective%20Ground%20plane" title="Defective Ground plane">Defective Ground plane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dual%20band" title=" Dual band"> Dual band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Loop%20Antenna" title=" Loop Antenna"> Loop Antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microstrip%20antenna" title=" Microstrip antenna"> Microstrip antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Resonance%20frequency." title=" Resonance frequency."> Resonance frequency.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/design-analysis-and-modeling-of-dual-band-microstrip-loop-antenna-using-defective-ground-plane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3770</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">981</span> Circuit Breaker and Transformer Monitoring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.Nafar">M.Nafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H.Gheisari"> A.H.Gheisari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.Alesaadi"> A.Alesaadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since large power transformers are the most expensive and strategically important components of any power generator and transmission system, their reliability is crucially important for the energy system operation. Also, Circuit breakers are very important elements in the power transmission line so monitoring the events gives a knowledgebase to determine time to the next maintenance. This paper deals with the introduction of the comparative method of the state estimation of transformers and Circuit breakers using continuous monitoring of voltage, current. This paper gives details a new method based on wavelet to apparatus insulation monitoring. In this paper to insulation monitoring of transformer, a new method based on wavelet transformation and neutral point analysis is proposed. Using the EMTP tools, fault in transformer winding and the detailed transformer winding model were simulated. The current of neutral point of winding was analyzed by wavelet transformation. It is shown that the neutral current of the transformer winding has useful information about fault in insulation of the transformer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wavelet" title="Wavelet">Wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Power%20Transformer" title=" Power Transformer"> Power Transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EMTP" title=" EMTP"> EMTP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CircuitBreaker" title=" CircuitBreaker"> CircuitBreaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monitoring" title=" Monitoring"> Monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/circuit-breaker-and-transformer-monitoring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2041</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">980</span> Versatile Dual-Mode Class-AB Four-Quadrant Analog Multiplier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Montree%20Kumngern">Montree Kumngern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kobchai%20Dejhan"> Kobchai Dejhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Versatile dual-mode class-AB CMOS four-quadrant analog multiplier circuit is presented. The dual translinear loops and current mirrors are the basic building blocks in realization scheme. This technique provides; wide dynamic range, wide-bandwidth response and low power consumption. The major advantages of this approach are; its has single ended inputs; since its input is dual translinear loop operate in class-AB mode which make this multiplier configuration interesting for low-power applications; current multiplying, voltage multiplying, or current and voltage multiplying can be obtainable with balanced input. The simulation results of versatile analog multiplier demonstrate a linearity error of 1.2 %, a -3dB bandwidth of about 19MHz, a maximum power consumption of 0.46mW, and temperature compensated. Operation of versatile analog multiplier was also confirmed through an experiment using CMOS transistor array. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Class-AB" title="Class-AB">Class-AB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dual-mode%20CMOS%20analog%20multiplier" title=" dual-mode CMOS analog multiplier"> dual-mode CMOS analog multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CMOS%20analog%20integrated%20circuit" title="CMOS analog integrated circuit">CMOS analog integrated circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CMOS%20translinear%20integrated%20circuit." title=" CMOS translinear integrated circuit."> CMOS translinear integrated circuit.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/versatile-dual-mode-class-ab-four-quadrant-analog-multiplier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">979</span> A Comprehensive Evaluation of Supervised Machine Learning for the Phase Identification Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brandon%20Foggo">Brandon Foggo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanpeng%20Yu"> Nanpeng Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power distribution circuits undergo frequent network topology changes that are often left undocumented. As a result, the documentation of a circuit’s connectivity becomes inaccurate with time. The lack of reliable circuit connectivity information is one of the biggest obstacles to model, monitor, and control modern distribution systems. To enhance the reliability and efficiency of electric power distribution systems, the circuit’s connectivity information must be updated periodically. This paper focuses on one critical component of a distribution circuit’s topology - the secondary transformer to phase association. This topology component describes the set of phase lines that feed power to a given secondary transformer (and therefore a given group of power consumers). Finding the documentation of this component is call Phase Identification, and is typically performed with physical measurements. These measurements can take time lengths on the order of several months, but with supervised learning, the time length can be reduced significantly. This paper compares several such methods applied to Phase Identification for a large range of real distribution circuits, describes a method of training data selection, describes preprocessing steps unique to the Phase Identification problem, and ultimately describes a method which obtains high accuracy (> 96% in most cases, > 92% in the worst case) using only 5% of the measurements typically used for Phase Identification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Distribution%20network" title="Distribution network">Distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=network%0D%0Atopology" title=" network topology"> network topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20identification" title=" phase identification"> phase identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=smart%20grid." title=" smart grid."> smart grid.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/a-comprehensive-evaluation-of-supervised-machine-learning-for-the-phase-identification-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1074</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">978</span> Power Reduction by Automatic Monitoring and Control System in Active Mode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Somaye%20Abdollahi%20Pour">Somaye Abdollahi Pour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohsen%20Saneei"> Mohsen Saneei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a novel monitoring scheme to minimize total active power in digital circuits depend on the demand frequency, by adjusting automatically both supply voltage and threshold voltages based on circuit operating conditions such as temperature, process variations, and desirable frequency. The delay monitoring results, will be control and apply so as to be maintained at the minimum value at which the chip is able to operate for a given clock frequency. Design details of power monitor are examined using simulation framework in 32nm BTPM model CMOS process. Experimental results show the overhead of proposed circuit in terms of its power consumption is about 40 渭W for 32nm technology; moreover the results show that our proposed circuit design is not far sensitive to the temperature variations and also process variations. Besides, uses the simple blocks which offer good sensitivity, high speed, the continuously feedback loop. This design provides up to 40% reduction in power consumption in active mode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=active%20mode" title="active mode">active mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=delay%20monitor" title=" delay monitor"> delay monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=body%20biasing" title=" body biasing"> body biasing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=VDD%0Ascaling" title=" VDD scaling"> VDD scaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=low%20power." title=" low power."> low power.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/power-reduction-by-automatic-monitoring-and-control-system-in-active-mode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1851</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">977</span> Infrastructure means for Adaptive Camouflage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiri%20Barta">Jiri Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Albert%20Srnik"> Albert Srnik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper deals with the perspectives and possibilities of "smart solutions" to critical infrastructure protection. It means that common computer aided technologies are used from the perspective of new, better protection of selected infrastructure objects. The paper is focused on the co-product of the Czech Defence Research Project - ADAPTIV. This project is carrying out by the University of Defence, Faculty of Economics and Management at the Department of Civil Protection. The project creates system and technology for adaptive cybernetic camouflage of armed forces objects, armaments, vehicles and troops and of mobilization infrastructure. These adaptive camouflage system and technology will be useful for army tactic activities protection and for decoys generation also. The fourth chapter of the paper concerns the possibilities of using the introduced technology to the protection of selected civil (economically important), critical infrastructure objects. The aim of this section is to introduce the scientific capabilities and potential of the University of Defence research results and solutions for the practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ADAPTIV" title="ADAPTIV">ADAPTIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive%20camouflage%20technology" title=" Adaptive camouflage technology"> Adaptive camouflage technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CAMouflage" title="CAMouflage">CAMouflage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cybernetic%20Active%20Camouflage" title=" Cybernetic Active Camouflage"> Cybernetic Active Camouflage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/infrastructure-means-for-adaptive-camouflage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">976</span> Study on the Characteristics of the Measurement System for pH Array Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jung-Chuan%20Chou">Jung-Chuan Chou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wei-Lun%20Hsia"> Wei-Lun Hsia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A measurement system for pH array sensors is introduced to increase accuracy, and decrease non-ideal effects successfully. An array readout circuit reads eight potentiometric signals at the same time, and obtains an average value. The deviation value or the extreme value is counteracted and the output voltage is a relatively stable value. The errors of measuring pH buffer solutions are decreased obviously with this measurement system, and the non-ideal effects, drift and hysteresis, are lowered to 1.638mV/hr and 1.118mV, respectively. The efficiency and stability are better than single sensor. The whole sensing characteristics are improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Array%20sensors" title="Array sensors">Array sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=measurement%20system" title=" measurement system"> measurement system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=non-ideal%0Aeffects" title=" non-ideal effects"> non-ideal effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pH%20sensor" title=" pH sensor"> pH sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=readout%20circuit." title=" readout circuit."> readout circuit.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/study-on-the-characteristics-of-the-measurement-system-for-ph-array-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1695</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">975</span> Analysis on Modeling and Simulink of DC Motor and its Driving System Used for Wheeled Mobile Robot</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wai%20Phyo%20Aung">Wai Phyo Aung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wheeled Mobile Robots (WMRs) are built with their Wheels- drive machine, Motors. Depend on their desire design of WMR, Technicians made used of DC Motors for motion control. In this paper, the author would like to analyze how to choose DC motor to be balance with their applications of especially for WMR. Specification of DC Motor that can be used with desire WMR is to be determined by using MATLAB Simulink model. Therefore, this paper is mainly focus on software application of MATLAB and Control Technology. As the driving system of DC motor, a Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) based control system is designed including the assembly software technology and H-bridge control circuit. This Driving system is used to drive two DC gear motors which are used to control the motion of WMR. In this analyzing process, the author mainly focus the drive system on driving two DC gear motors that will control with Differential Drive technique to the Wheeled Mobile Robot . For the design analysis of Motor Driving System, PIC16F84A is used and five inputs of sensors detected data are tested with five ON/OFF switches. The outputs of PIC are the commands to drive two DC gear motors, inputs of Hbridge circuit .In this paper, Control techniques of PIC microcontroller and H-bridge circuit, Mechanism assignments of WMR are combined and analyzed by mainly focusing with the 鈥淢odeling and Simulink of DC Motor using MATLAB". <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Control%20System%20Design" title="Control System Design">Control System Design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DC%20Motors" title=" DC Motors"> DC Motors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DifferentialDrive" title=" DifferentialDrive"> DifferentialDrive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H-bridge%20control%20circuit" title=" H-bridge control circuit"> H-bridge control circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB%20Simulink%20model" title=" MATLAB Simulink model"> MATLAB Simulink model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peripheral%20Interface%20Controller%20%28PIC%29" title="Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC)">Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wheeled%20Mobile%20Robots." title="Wheeled Mobile Robots.">Wheeled Mobile Robots.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/analysis-on-modeling-and-simulink-of-dc-motor-and-its-driving-system-used-for-wheeled-mobile-robot" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">974</span> Symmetrical Analysis of a Six-Phase Induction Machine Under Fault Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20K.Appiah">E. K.Appiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20M%27boungui"> G. M'boungui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Jimoh"> A. A. Jimoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20L.%20Munda"> J. L. Munda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.S.O.%20Ogunjuyigbe"> A.S.O. Ogunjuyigbe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The operational behavior of a six-phase squirrel cage induction machine with faulted stator terminals is presented in this paper. The study is carried out using the derived mathematical model of the machine in the arbitrary reference frame. Tests are conducted on a 1 kW experimental machine. Steady-state and dynamic performance are analyzed for the machine unloaded and loaded conditions. The results shows that with one of the stator phases experiencing either an open- circuit or short circuit fault the machine still produces starting torque, albeit the running performance is significantly derated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Performance" title="Performance">Performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fault%20conditions" title=" fault conditions"> fault conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=six-phase%20induction%0Amachine." title=" six-phase induction machine."> six-phase induction machine.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/symmetrical-analysis-of-a-six-phase-induction-machine-under-fault-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2831</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">973</span> A Direct Down-conversion Receiver for Low-power Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gianluca%20Cornetta">Gianluca Cornetta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdellah%20Touhafi"> Abdellah Touhafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=David%20J.%20Santos"> David J. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jose%20Manuel%20Vazquez"> Jose Manuel Vazquez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A direct downconversion receiver implemented in 0.13 μm 1P8M process is presented. The circuit is formed by a single-end LNA, an active balun for conversion into balanced mode, a quadrature double-balanced passive switch mixer and a quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator. The receiver operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band and complies with IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) specifications. The circuit exhibits a very low noise figure of only 2.27 dB and dissipates only 14.6 mW with a 1.2 V supply voltage and is hence suitable for low-power applications.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LNA" title="LNA">LNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Active%20Balun" title=" Active Balun"> Active Balun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Passive%20Mixer" title=" Passive Mixer"> Passive Mixer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=VCO" title=" VCO"> VCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IEEE%0D%0A802.15.4%28ZigBee%29." title=" IEEE 802.15.4(ZigBee)."> IEEE 802.15.4(ZigBee).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/a-direct-down-conversion-receiver-for-low-power-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">972</span> Electrical Equivalent Analysis of Micro Cantilever Beams for Sensing Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20G.%20Sheeparamatti">B. G. Sheeparamatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20S.%20Kadadevarmath"> J. S. Kadadevarmath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microcantilevers are the basic MEMS devices, which can be used as sensors, actuators and electronics can be easily built into them. The detection principle of microcantilever sensors is based on the measurement of change in cantilever deflection or change in its resonance frequency. The objective of this work is to explore the analogies between mechanical and electrical equivalent of microcantilever beams. Normally scientists and engineers working in MEMS use expensive software like CoventorWare, IntelliSuite, ANSYS/Multiphysics etc. This paper indicates the need of developing electrical equivalent of the MEMS structure and with that, one can have a better insight on important parameters, and their interrelation of the MEMS structure. In this work, considering the mechanical model of microcantilever, equivalent electrical circuit is drawn and using force-voltage analogy, it is analyzed with circuit simulation software. By doing so, one can gain access to powerful set of intellectual tools that have been developed for understanding electrical circuits Later the analysis is performed using ANSYS/Multiphysics - software based on finite element method (FEM). It is observed that both mechanical and electrical domain results for a rectangular microcantlevers are in agreement with each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electrical%20equivalent%20circuit%20analogy" title="Electrical equivalent circuit analogy">Electrical equivalent circuit analogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FEM%20analysis" title=" FEM analysis"> FEM analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=micro%20cantilevers" title=" micro cantilevers"> micro cantilevers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=micro%20sensors." title=" micro sensors."> micro sensors.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/electrical-equivalent-analysis-of-micro-cantilever-beams-for-sensing-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">971</span> Optimization by Means of Genetic Algorithm of the Equivalent Electrical Circuit Model of Different Order for Li-ion Battery Pack </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Pizarro-Carmona">V. Pizarro-Carmona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Castano-Solis"> S. Castano-Solis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Cort%C3%A9s-Carmona"> M. Cort茅s-Carmona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Fraile-Ardanuy"> J. Fraile-Ardanuy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Jimenez-Bermejo"> D. Jimenez-Bermejo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The purpose of this article is to optimize the Equivalent Electric Circuit Model (EECM) of different orders to obtain greater precision in the modeling of Li-ion battery packs. Optimization includes considering circuits based on 1RC, 2RC and 3RC networks, with a dependent voltage source and a series resistor. The parameters are obtained experimentally using tests in the time domain and in the frequency domain. Due to the high non-linearity of the behavior of the battery pack, Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to solve and optimize the parameters of each EECM considered (1RC, 2RC and 3RC). The objective of the estimation is to minimize the mean square error between the measured impedance in the real battery pack and those generated by the simulation of different proposed circuit models. The results have been verified by comparing the Nyquist graphs of the estimation of the complex impedance of the pack. As a result of the optimization, the 2RC and 3RC circuit alternatives are considered as viable to represent the battery behavior. These battery pack models are experimentally validated using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation platform that reproduces the well-known New York City cycle (NYCC) and Federal Test Procedure (FTP) driving cycles for electric vehicles. The results show that using GA optimization allows obtaining EECs with 2RC or 3RC networks, with high precision to represent the dynamic behavior of a battery pack in vehicular applications.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Li-ion%20battery%20packs%20modeling%20optimized" title="Li-ion battery packs modeling optimized">Li-ion battery packs modeling optimized</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EECM" title=" EECM"> EECM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GA" title=" GA"> GA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electric%20vehicle%20applications." title=" electric vehicle applications. "> electric vehicle applications. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/optimization-by-means-of-genetic-algorithm-of-the-equivalent-electrical-circuit-model-of-different-order-for-li-ion-battery-pack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">970</span> Study on the Atomic-Oxygen-Protection Film Preparation of Organic Silicon and Its Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zheng-Kuohai">Zheng-Kuohai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yang-Shengsheng"> Yang-Shengsheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Li-Zhonghua"> Li-Zhonghua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhao-Lin"> Zhao-Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Materials used on exterior spacecraft surfaces are subjected to many environmental threats which can cause degradation, atomic oxygen is one of the most threats. We prepared organic silicon atomic-oxygen-protection film using method of polymerization. This paper presented the effects on the film structure and its durability of the preparation processing, and analyzed the polymerization theory, the film structure and composition of the film. At last, we tested the film in our ground based atomic oxygen simulator, and indicated that the film worked well.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atomic%20oxygen" title="Atomic oxygen">Atomic oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=siloxane" title=" siloxane"> siloxane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polymerization." title=" polymerization."> polymerization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/study-on-the-atomic-oxygen-protection-film-preparation-of-organic-silicon-and-its-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">969</span> Perturbation Based Modelling of Differential Amplifier Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rahul%20Bansal">Rahul Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sudipta%20Majumdar"> Sudipta Majumdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the closed form nonlinear expressions of bipolar junction transistor (BJT) differential amplifier (DA) using perturbation method. Circuit equations have been derived using Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) and Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL). The perturbation method has been applied to state variables for obtaining the linear and nonlinear terms. The implementation of the proposed method is simple. The closed form nonlinear expressions provide better insights of physical systems. The derived equations can be used for signal processing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Differential%20amplifier" title="Differential amplifier">Differential amplifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=perturbation%20method" title=" perturbation method"> perturbation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taylor%0D%0Aseries." title=" Taylor series."> Taylor series.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/perturbation-based-modelling-of-differential-amplifier-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1017</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">968</span> Accurate Time Domain Method for Simulation of Microstructured Electromagnetic and Photonic Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vijay%20Janyani">Vijay Janyani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trevor%20M.%20Benson"> Trevor M. Benson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ana%20Vukovic"> Ana Vukovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A time-domain numerical model within the framework of transmission line modeling (TLM) is developed to simulate electromagnetic pulse propagation inside multiple microcavities forming photonic crystal (PhC) structures. The model developed is quite general and is capable of simulating complex electromagnetic problems accurately. The field quantities can be mapped onto a passive electrical circuit equivalent what ensures that TLM is provably stable and conservative at a local level. Furthermore, the circuit representation allows a high level of hybridization of TLM with other techniques and lumped circuit models of components and devices. A photonic crystal structure formed by rods (or blocks) of high-permittivity dieletric material embedded in a low-dielectric background medium is simulated as an example. The model developed gives vital spatio-temporal information about the signal, and also gives spectral information over a wide frequency range in a single run. The model has wide applications in microwave communication systems, optical waveguides and electromagnetic materials simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computational%20Electromagnetics" title="Computational Electromagnetics">Computational Electromagnetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Numerical%0ASimulation" title=" Numerical Simulation"> Numerical Simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transmission%20Line%20Modeling." title=" Transmission Line Modeling."> Transmission Line Modeling.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/accurate-time-domain-method-for-simulation-of-microstructured-electromagnetic-and-photonic-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1628</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">967</span> Optimizing the Number of Bits/Stage in 10-Bit, 50Ms/Sec Pipelined A/D Converter Considering Area, Speed, Power and Linearity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Prasad%20Rao">P. Prasad Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Lal%20Kishore"> K. Lal Kishore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pipeline ADCs are becoming popular at high speeds and with high resolution. This paper discusses the options of number of bits/stage conversion techniques in pipelined ADCs and their effect on Area, Speed, Power Dissipation and Linearity. The basic building blocks like op-amp, Sample and Hold Circuit, sub converter, DAC, Residue Amplifier used in every stage is assumed to be identical. The sub converters use flash architectures. The design is implemented using 0.18 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=1.5%20bits%2Fstage" title="1.5 bits/stage">1.5 bits/stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Conversion%20Frequency" title=" Conversion Frequency"> Conversion Frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Redundancy%0D%0ASwitched%20Capacitor%20Sample%20and%20Hold%20Circuit" title=" Redundancy Switched Capacitor Sample and Hold Circuit"> Redundancy Switched Capacitor Sample and Hold Circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/optimizing-the-number-of-bitsstage-in-10-bit-50mssec-pipelined-ad-converter-considering-area-speed-power-and-linearity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1733</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">966</span> A Fault-Tolerant Full Adder in Double Pass CMOS Transistor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdelmonaem%20Ayachi">Abdelmonaem Ayachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Belgacem%20Hamdi"> Belgacem Hamdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents a fault-tolerant implementation for adder schemes using the dual duplication code. To prove the efficiency of the proposed method, the circuit is simulated in double pass transistor CMOS 32nm technology and some transient faults are voluntary injected in the Layout of the circuit. This fully differential implementation requires only 20 transistors which mean that the proposed design involves 28.57% saving in transistor count compared to standard CMOS technology.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Semiconductors" title="Semiconductors">Semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=digital%20electronics" title=" digital electronics"> digital electronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=double%20pass%0D%0Atransistor%20technology" title=" double pass transistor technology"> double pass transistor technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Full%20adder" title=" Full adder"> Full adder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fault%20tolerance." title=" fault tolerance."> fault tolerance.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/a-fault-tolerant-full-adder-in-double-pass-cmos-transistor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">965</span> Very High Speed Data Driven Dynamic NAND Gate at 22nm High K Metal Gate Strained Silicon Technology Node</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shobha%20Sharma">Shobha Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amita%20Dev"> Amita Dev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data driven dynamic logic is the high speed dynamic circuit with low area. The clock of the dynamic circuit is removed and data drives the circuit instead of clock for precharging purpose. This data driven dynamic nand gate is given static forward substrate biasing of Vsupply/2 as well as the substrate bias is connected to the input data, resulting in dynamic substrate bias. The dynamic substrate bias gives the shortest propagation delay with a penalty on the power dissipation. Propagation delay is reduced by 77.8% compared to the normal reverse substrate bias Data driven dynamic nand. Also dynamic substrate biased D3nand’s propagation delay is reduced by 31.26% compared to data driven dynamic nand gate with static forward substrate biasing of Vdd/2. This data driven dynamic nand gate with dynamic body biasing gives us the highest speed with no area penalty and finds its applications where power penalty is acceptable. Also combination of Dynamic and static Forward body bias can be used with reduced propagation delay compared to static forward biased circuit and with comparable increase in an average power. The simulations were done on hspice simulator with 22nm High-k metal gate strained Si technology HP models of Arizona State University, USA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20driven%20nand%20gate" title="Data driven nand gate">Data driven nand gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamic%20substrate%20biasing" title=" dynamic substrate biasing"> dynamic substrate biasing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nand%20gate" title=" nand gate"> nand gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=static%20substrate%20biasing." title=" static substrate biasing. "> static substrate biasing. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/very-high-speed-data-driven-dynamic-nand-gate-at-22nm-high-k-metal-gate-strained-silicon-technology-node" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1616</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">964</span> A Simple and Efficient Method for Accurate Measurement and Control of Power Frequency Deviation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20J.%20Arif">S. J. Arif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the presented technique, a simple method is given for accurate measurement and control of power frequency deviation. The sinusoidal signal for which the frequency deviation measurement is required is transformed to a low voltage level and passed through a zero crossing detector to convert it into a pulse train. Another stable square wave signal of 10 KHz is obtained using a crystal oscillator and decade dividing assemblies (DDA). These signals are combined digitally and then passed through decade counters to give a unique combination of pulses or levels, which are further encoded to make them equally suitable for both control applications and display units. The developed circuit using discrete components has a resolution of 0.5 Hz and completes measurement within 20 ms. The realized circuit is simulated and synthesized using Verilog HDL and subsequently implemented on FPGA. The results of measurement on FPGA are observed on a very high resolution logic analyzer. These results accurately match the simulation results as well as the results of same circuit implemented with discrete components. The proposed system is suitable for accurate measurement and control of power frequency deviation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Digital%20encoder%20for%20frequency%20measurement" title="Digital encoder for frequency measurement">Digital encoder for frequency measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=frequency%20deviation%20measurement" title=" frequency deviation measurement"> frequency deviation measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=measurement%20and%20control%20systems" title=" measurement and control systems"> measurement and control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=power%20systems." title=" power systems."> power systems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/a-simple-and-efficient-method-for-accurate-measurement-and-control-of-power-frequency-deviation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">963</span> A Local Invariant Generalized Hough Transform Method for Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fei%20Long%20Wei">Fei Long Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hua%20Yang"> Hua Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hai%20Tao%20Zhang"> Hai Tao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhou%20Ping%20Yin"> Zhou Ping Yin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, an local invariant generalized Houghtransform (LI-GHT) method is proposed for integrated circuit (IC) visual positioning. The original generalized Hough transform (GHT) is robust to external noise; however, it is not suitable for visual positioning of IC chips due to the four-dimensionality (4D) of parameter space which leads to the substantial storage requirement and high computational complexity. The proposed LI-GHT method can reduce the dimensionality of parameter space to 2D thanks to the rotational invariance of local invariant geometric feature and it can estimate the accuracy position and rotation angle of IC chips in real-time under noise and blur influence. The experiment results show that the proposed LI-GHT can estimate position and rotation angle of IC chips with high accuracy and fast speed. The proposed LI-GHT algorithm was implemented in IC visual positioning system of radio frequency identification (RFID) packaging equipment.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Integrated%20Circuit%20Visual%20Positioning" title="Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning">Integrated Circuit Visual Positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Generalized%20Hough%20Transform" title=" Generalized Hough Transform"> Generalized Hough Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Local%20invariant%20Generalized%20Hough%20Transform" title=" Local invariant Generalized Hough Transform"> Local invariant Generalized Hough Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ICpacking%20equipment." title=" ICpacking equipment."> ICpacking equipment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/a-local-invariant-generalized-hough-transform-method-for-integrated-circuit-visual-positioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">962</span> Design and Study of a DC/DC Converter for High Power, 14.4 V and 300 A for Automotive Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Julio%20Cesar%20Lopes%20de%20Oliveira">Julio Cesar Lopes de Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Carlos%20Henrique%20Gonc%C2%B8alves%20Treviso"> Carlos Henrique Gonc赂alves Treviso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The shortage of the automotive market in relation to options for sources of high power car audio systems, led to development of this work. Thus, we developed a source with stabilized voltage with 4320 W effective power. Designed to the voltage of 14.4 V and a choice of two currents: 30 A load option in battery banks and 300 A at full load. This source can also be considered as a source of general use dedicated commercial with a simple control circuit in analog form based on discrete components. The assembly of power circuit uses a methodology for higher power than the initially stipulated.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DC-DC%20power%20converters" title="DC-DC power converters">DC-DC power converters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=converters" title=" converters"> converters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=power%0D%0Aconvertion" title=" power convertion"> power convertion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pulse%20width%20modulation%20converters." title=" pulse width modulation converters."> pulse width modulation converters.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997804/design-and-study-of-a-dcdc-converter-for-high-power-144-v-and-300-a-for-automotive-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997804/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a 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