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Beschikbaar in 29 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolstofsuboksied" title="Koolstofsuboksied – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koolstofsuboksied" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="تحت أكسيد الكربون – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تحت أكسيد الكربون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کربون سابوکسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کربون سابوکسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suboxid_uhl%C3%ADku" title="Suboxid uhlíku – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Suboxid uhlíku" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoffsuboxid" title="Kohlenstoffsuboxid – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kohlenstoffsuboxid" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Υποξείδιο του άνθρακα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υποξείδιο του άνθρακα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_suboxide" title="Carbon suboxide – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carbon suboxide" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%B3xido_de_tricarbono" title="Dióxido de tricarbono – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dióxido de tricarbono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کربن سابوکسید – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کربن سابوکسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiilisuboksidi" title="Hiilisuboksidi – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiilisuboksidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suboxyde_de_carbone" title="Suboxyde de carbone – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Suboxyde de carbone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A9n-szuboxid" title="Szén-szuboxid – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szén-szuboxid" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon_suboksida" title="Karbon suboksida – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karbon suboksida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subossido_di_carbonio" title="Subossido di carbonio – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Subossido di carbonio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9C%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96%E7%82%AD%E7%B4%A0" title="亜酸化炭素 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="亜酸化炭素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%82%B0%ED%99%94_%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C" title="아산화 탄소 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아산화 탄소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_suboks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa suboksīds – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Oglekļa suboksīds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon_suboksida" title="Karbon suboksida – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Karbon suboksida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podtlenek_w%C4%99gla" title="Podtlenek węgla – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Podtlenek węgla" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suboxid_de_carbon" title="Suboxid de carbon – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Suboxid de carbon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Диоксид триуглерода – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Диоксид триуглерода" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljenik_suboksid" title="Ugljenik suboksid – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ugljenik suboksid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_suboxide" title="Carbon suboxide – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carbon suboxide" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Угљеник субоксид – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Угљеник субоксид" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="คาร์บอนซับออกไซด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาร์บอนซับออกไซด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8E" title="Діоксид тривуглецю – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Діоксид тривуглецю" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_suboxide" title="Carbon suboxide – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carbon suboxide" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化三碳 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="二氧化三碳" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化三碳 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="二氧化三碳" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q411352#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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colspan="3">Structuurformule en molecuulmodel </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Structuurformule en afstanden in koolstofsuboxide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png/180px-Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png/270px-Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png/360px-Carbon-suboxide-2D-dimensions.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="393" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Structuurformule en afstanden in koolstofsuboxide</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ruimtelijk model van koolstofsuboxide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png/200px-Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png/300px-Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png/400px-Carbon-suboxide-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="553" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Ruimtelijk model van koolstofsuboxide</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Molecuulformule" title="Molecuulformule">Molecuulformule</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Molaire_massa" title="Molaire massa">Molmassa</a> </th> <td colspan="2">68,031 <a href="/wiki/Gram_(eenheid)" title="Gram (eenheid)">g</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mol_(eenheid)" title="Mol (eenheid)">mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/SMILES" title="SMILES">SMILES</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; width:127px;">O=C=C=C=O</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/CAS-nummer" title="CAS-nummer">CAS-nummer</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=504-64-3">504-64-3</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=136332">136332</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411352" class="extiw" title="d:Q411352">Q411352</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Beschrijving </th> <td colspan="2">Kleurloos gas </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Waarschuwingen en veiligheidsmaatregelen </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Fysische eigenschappen </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Massadichtheid" title="Massadichtheid">Dichtheid</a> </th> <td colspan="2">gas<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 0,003 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br />vloeistof<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1,114 g/cm³ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt">Smeltpunt</a> </th> <td colspan="2">-111,3 °C </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kookpunt" title="Kookpunt">Kookpunt</a> </th> <td colspan="2">6,8 °C </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oplosbaarheid" title="Oplosbaarheid">Oplosbaarheid</a> in <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> </th> <td colspan="2">reageert g/L </td></tr> <tr> <th>Goed oplosbaar in </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1,4-dioxaan" title="1,4-dioxaan">1,4-dioxaan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Di-ethylether" title="Di-ethylether">ether</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xyleen" title="Xyleen">xyleen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koolstofdisulfide" title="Koolstofdisulfide">CS<sub>2</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrofuraan" title="Tetrahydrofuraan">tetrahydrofuraan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Brekingsindex" title="Brekingsindex">Brekingsindex</a> </th> <td colspan="2">1.4538 (6 °C)  </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Geometrie en kristalstructuur </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Dipoolmoment" title="Dipoolmoment">Dipoolmoment</a> </th> <td colspan="2">0 <a href="/wiki/Debye_(eenheid)" title="Debye (eenheid)">D</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Thermodynamische eigenschappen </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Enthalpie#Vormingsenthalpie" title="Enthalpie">Δ<sub>f</sub>H<sup><s>o</s></sup><sub>l</sub></a> </th> <td colspan="2">−93,6 <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">kJ</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mol_(eenheid)" title="Mol (eenheid)">mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Entropie#Standaardentropie" title="Entropie">S<sup><s>o</s></sup><sub>l, 1 bar</sub></a> </th> <td colspan="2">276,1 <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">J</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mol_(eenheid)" title="Mol (eenheid)">mol</a>·<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(eenheid)" title="Kelvin (eenheid)">K</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3"><small>Tenzij anders vermeld zijn <a href="/wiki/Standaardomstandigheden" title="Standaardomstandigheden">standaardomstandigheden</a> gebruikt (298,15 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(eenheid)" title="Kelvin (eenheid)">K</a> of 25 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">°C</a>, 1 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(druk)" title="Bar (druk)">bar</a>).</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#DDEEFF; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Scheikunde" title="Portaal:Scheikunde">Scheikunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Koolstofsuboxide</b>, of <b>trikoolstofdioxide</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Koolstofoxide_(stofgroep)" title="Koolstofoxide (stofgroep)">koolstofoxide</a> met de formule <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span>, of, met iets meer nadruk op de structuur: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C=C=C=O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C=C=C=O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff6b10f3723f89fd1140a372073903af042d2130" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:15.883ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C=C=C=O}}}"></span>.Het is een van de stabiele lineaire koolstofoxides <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C_{n}=O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>n</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C_{n}=O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c8ca7bd54fcfc1f3241d72a0c523ba8797d38d85" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.057ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {O=C_{n}=O}}}"></span> waar ook <a href="/wiki/Koolstofdioxide" title="Koolstofdioxide">koolstofdioxide</a> en <a href="/wiki/Pentakoolstofdioxide" title="Pentakoolstofdioxide">pentakoolstofdioxide</a> toe behoren. Hoewel het in zeer zuivere toestand bij kamertemperatuur en in het donker bewaard kan worden zonder te ontleden, zijn er wel omstandigheden waarin het <a href="/wiki/Polymeer" title="Polymeer">polymeriseert</a>. De vier <a href="/wiki/Geconjugeerd_systeem" title="Geconjugeerd systeem">geconjugeerde</a> <a href="/wiki/Dubbele_binding_(scheikunde)" title="Dubbele binding (scheikunde)">dubbele banden</a> maken deze verbinding tot een <a href="/wiki/Cumuleen" title="Cumuleen">cumuleen</a>. </p><p>De stof werd ontdekt on 1873 door Benjamin Brodie, die <a href="/wiki/Koolstofmonoxide" title="Koolstofmonoxide">koolstofmonoxide</a> blootstelde aan een elektrische stroom. Hij beschreef het product als een de leden van de reeks <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C_{n \ + \ 1}O_{n}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>n</mtext> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>n</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C_{n \ + \ 1}O_{n}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b1d0b96bce9135cb80a9e5ad8a1ca39f79634660" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:9.04ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C_{n \ + \ 1}O_{n}}}}"></span>, (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5f264221e6f22d64d73db89cc3b36f376eb42475" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.54ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C4O3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C4O3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d86a8f0b0a4db2555a3a0b1d8f058c62eb3b62fc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C4O3}}}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C5O3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C5O3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af99631fb1e13988e54c44f7fd09bdd72a1124de" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C5O3}}}"></span>, ...., waarvan hij de laatste twee geïdentificeerd had.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Echter, op het moment (2019<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is van deze serie alleen <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span> een bekende stof. In 1891 vond <a href="/wiki/Marcellin_Berthelot" title="Marcellin Berthelot">Marcellin Berthelot</a> dat bij verwarmen van <a href="/wiki/Koolstofmonoxide" title="Koolstofmonoxide">koolstofmonoxide</a> bij <span class="nowrap">550 °C</span> kleine hoeveelheden <a href="/wiki/Koolstofdioxide" title="Koolstofdioxide">koolstofdioxide</a> ontstonden, maar geen spoor van elementaire <a href="/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof">koolstof</a>. Hij nam aan dat een koolstofrijk oxide was ontstaan, dat hij "sub-oxide" noemde. Hij veronderstelde dat hij dezelfde verbinding had verkregen als Brodie 18 jaar eerder en noemde als formule <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5f264221e6f22d64d73db89cc3b36f376eb42475" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.54ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C2O}}}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Otto Diels</a> stelde later de meer organisch klinkende namen dicarbonylmethaan of dioxalleen voor als correcte namen voor de verbinding. </p><p>Koolstofsuboxide wordt in het algemeen beschreven als een olieachtige vloeistof of (bij kamertemperatuur) een gas met zeer prikkelende geur.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synthese">Synthese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Synthese" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Synthese"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koolstofsuboxide wordt gesymthetiseerd door het verwarmen van een droog mengsel van <a href="/wiki/Difosforpentoxide" title="Difosforpentoxide">fosforpentoxide</a> en <a href="/wiki/Malonzuur" title="Malonzuur">malonzuur</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ester_(scheikunde)" title="Ester (scheikunde)">esters</a> van de laatste:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2P2O5\ +\ 3C3H4O4\ ->[{\ce {\Delta }}][{\ce {}}]\ 3C3O2\ +\ 2H3PO4}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>P</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>3</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <munderover> <mo>→</mo> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset="-.24em"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> </mpadded> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mrow> </mpadded> </munderover> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>3</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>PO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2P2O5\ +\ 3C3H4O4\ ->[{\ce {\Delta }}][{\ce {}}]\ 3C3O2\ +\ 2H3PO4}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4f9c53f366b252d6c85d4ba6094e3cac5018a193" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.654ex; margin-top: -0.441ex; margin-bottom: -0.518ex; width:46.074ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {2P2O5\ +\ 3C3H4O4\ ->[{\ce {\Delta }}][{\ce {}}]\ 3C3O2\ +\ 2H3PO4}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Koolstofsuboxide kan dus ook beschouwd worden als een <a href="/wiki/Anhydride" title="Anhydride">anhydride</a>, het tweede, van malonzuur.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Verschillende andere syntheseroutes zijn te vinden in een review door Reyerson uit 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Polymerisatie">Polymerisatie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Polymerisatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Polymerisatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koolstofsuboxide polymeriseert spontaan tot een rode, gele of zwarte vaste stof. Aangenomen wordt dat de structuur vergelijkbaar is met die van <a href="/wiki/2-pyron" title="2-pyron">2-pyron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ellern_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellern-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het aantal monomere eenheden in de polymeren is variabel (zie: <a href="/wiki/Koolstofoxide_(stofgroep)#Polymere_koolstofoxides" title="Koolstofoxide (stofgroep)">Polymere koolstofoxides</a>. In 1969 werd de veronderstelling geopperd dat de kleur van oppervlak van <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planeet)" title="Mars (planeet)">Mars</a> aan deze stof kan worden toegeschreven. Tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Vikingprogramma" title="Vikingprogramma">Marsmissies in het Vikingproject</a> bleek dit niet correct, de kleur hangt samen met ijzeroxides.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toepassingen">Toepassingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Toepassingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Toepassingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koolstofsuboxide wordt gebruikt in de synthese van <a href="/wiki/Malonzuur" title="Malonzuur">malonaten</a> en als hulpstof om kleurstoffen beter te laten hechten op <a href="/wiki/Vacht" title="Vacht">pelzen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biologische_functie">Biologische functie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biologische functie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biologische functie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Carbon_suboxide_macrocyclic_polymers.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Carbon_suboxide_macrocyclic_polymers.gif/260px-Carbon_suboxide_macrocyclic_polymers.gif" decoding="async" width="260" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Carbon_suboxide_macrocyclic_polymers.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="364" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption>Hierboven enkele voorbeelden van macrocyclische polymeren van koolstofsuboxide met 6- en 8-ringen die aangetroffen zijn in levende organismen.</figcaption></figure><p>. </p><p>Koolstofsuboxide, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span>, kan in kleine hoeveelheden ontstaan in elk biochemisch proces dat normaal gesproken tot <a href="/wiki/Koolstofmonoxide" title="Koolstofmonoxide">koolstofmonoxide</a>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>CO</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CO}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf2a888c2c193ddb2937e2c7e85aadaa0a4e9513" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.486ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO}}}"></span>, leidt. Het ontstaat onder andere tijdens de oxidatie van <a href="/wiki/Heemverbinding" title="Heemverbinding">heem</a> door heem-oxigenase-1. Een andere bron is <a href="/wiki/Malonzuur" title="Malonzuur">malonzuur</a>. <i>In vivo</i> polymeriseert koolstofsuboxide naar macrocyclische oligomeren met de algemene formule <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)_{n}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>n</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)_{n}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8d5838458efe4629dbc67b73eb65428c7a539e6d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:8.55ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)_{n}}}}"></span>, met name <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)6}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)6}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/764d8fefe88c46694f709cd8732e6c151bfcf253" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:8.458ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)6}}}"></span> en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)8}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>8</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)8}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c6f8772551a669a58984ddb3791a7d64fa01add5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:8.458ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(C3O2)8}}}"></span>. Deze stoffen functioneren als endogene <a href="/wiki/Digoxine" title="Digoxine">digoxine</a>-achtige Na+/K+-ATP-ase en Ca-afhankelijke ATP-ase-remmers, endogene <a href="/wiki/Atriaal_natriuretisch_peptide" title="Atriaal natriuretisch peptide">natriuretica</a> (bevorderen uitscheiding van natrium via de nieren), <a href="/wiki/Antioxidant" title="Antioxidant">antioxidanten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Antihypertensiva" title="Antihypertensiva">antihypertensiva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daarnaast menen sommige auteurs dat koolstofsuboxide mogelijk een rol speelt in het verwijderen van <a href="/wiki/Radicaal_(scheikunde)" title="Radicaal (scheikunde)">vrije radicalen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Oxidatieve_stress" title="Oxidatieve stress">oxidatieve stress</a> en deel uitmaakt van het endogene antikankermechanisme, bijvoorbeeld in het <a href="/wiki/Netvlies" title="Netvlies">netvlies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structuur_en_binding">Structuur en binding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Structuur en binding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koolstofsuboxide&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Structuur en binding"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De structuur van koolstofsuboxide is sinds de jaren 70 van de 20e eeuw onderwerp van zowel experimenteel als theoretisch onderzoek. De centrale vraag in het onderzoek is: is het het een lineair of een geknikt molecuul? Of meer wiskundig geformuleerd: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {\theta _{C2}=\angle C1C2C3\ {\overset {?}{=}}\ 180\!^{\circ }}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>θ</mi> <mmultiscripts> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mmultiscripts> <mi mathvariant="normal">∠</mi> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mo>?</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>180</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msup> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {\theta _{C2}=\angle C1C2C3\ {\overset {?}{=}}\ 180\!^{\circ }}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d65584a203298a50918e00c074fd25ea6c64a4cb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.671ex; width:22.477ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {\theta _{C2}=\angle C1C2C3\ {\overset {?}{=}}\ 180\!^{\circ }}}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>IN het algemeen zijn de studies het met elkaar eens dat het molecuul niet star is, met een zeer lage barrièremten opzichte van buiging. Een studie spreekt van een "dubbel minimum" met <span class="nowrap"><i>θ</i><sub>C<sub>2</sub></sub> ~ 160°</span> en een energiebarrière van <span class="nowrap">0,238 kJ/mol.</span>. Voor 140° ≤ <i>θ</i><sub>C<sub>2</sub></sub> ≤ 180° wordt een maximale energie voorspelt van <span class="nowrap">0,962 kJ/mol.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> Deze kleine energiebarrière tegen buiging is vergelijkbaar in grootte met de <a href="/wiki/Nulpuntsenergie" title="Nulpuntsenergie">nulpuntsenergie</a> van <a href="/wiki/Vibratiespectroscopie" title="Vibratiespectroscopie">vibratie</a>. Het molecuul kan daarom het best beschreven worden als <i>quasilineair.</i> Infrarood<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en <a href="/wiki/Laagenergetische_elektrondiffractie" title="Laagenergetische elektrondiffractie">elektrondiffractie</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> studies geven aan dat <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span> in de gasfase een geknikte structuur heeft. Als vaste stof wordt met <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgendiffractie" class="mw-redirect" title="Röntgendiffractie">röntgendiffractie</a> een gemiddeld lineaire structuur gevonden, hoewel de grote onzekerheid (thermische ellipsoïdes) van de zuurstof-atomen en C<sub>2</sub> in overeenstemming zijn met een zelfs in vaste toestand snelle buiging (minimum <i>θ</i><sub>C<sub>2</sub></sub> ~ 170°) van het molecuul.<sup id="cite_ref-Ellern_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellern-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een <a href="/wiki/Cumuleen" title="Cumuleen">hetero-cumuleen</a> benadering van koolstofsuboxide, gecombineerd met het minimaliseren van formele ladingen, verklaart niet makkelijk de niet-starheid van het molecuul en de afwijking van de lineaire geometrie. Als verklaring voor het quasilineaire gedrag van koolstofsuboxide heeft Frenking voorgesteld het molecuul te zien als een <a href="/wiki/Co%C3%B6rdinatieverbinding" title="Coördinatieverbinding">complex</a> van een koolstof-atoom met twee koolmonoxide-liganden. Het centrale koolstofatoom draagt dan, naast de liganden, nog <a href="/wiki/Vrij_elektronenpaar" title="Vrij elektronenpaar">twee vrije elektronenparen</a>: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\textstyle {\ce {OC:->{\overset {..}{{\underset {..}{C}}}}<-:CO}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>OC</mtext> <mo>:⟶</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <munder> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mo>⋅</mo> </mrow> </munder> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mo>⋅</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟵:</mo> <mtext>CO</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\textstyle {\ce {OC:->{\overset {..}{{\underset {..}{C}}}}<-:CO}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a89651a5c16d66b977f046fe9f242c0cc612559e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.367ex; margin-bottom: -0.305ex; width:20.069ex; height:4.509ex;" alt="{\textstyle {\ce {OC:->{\overset {..}{{\underset {..}{C}}}}<-:CO}}}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anderen echter hebben dit type binding in <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94367ca3f8431b8dd4a5fd18969d1185ed8799eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.595ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C3O2}}}"></span> en vergelijkbare verbindingen als "chemisch onredelijk" bestempeld.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Carbon_suboxide_dative.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Carbon_suboxide_dative.png/567px-Carbon_suboxide_dative.png" decoding="async" width="567" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Carbon_suboxide_dative.png/851px-Carbon_suboxide_dative.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Carbon_suboxide_dative.png/1134px-Carbon_suboxide_dative.png 2x" data-file-width="3118" data-file-height="275" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <ul><li>Dit artikel of een eerdere versie ervan is een (gedeeltelijke) vertaling van het artikel <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_suboxide?oldid=1062960707">Carbon suboxide</a> op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, dat onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a> valt. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_suboxide?offset=20220317235959&action=history">bewerkingsgeschiedenis</a></span> aldaar.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66936091">.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding{color:#ff0000;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding span{font-size:larger}</style></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Algemene info over deze verbinding</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/C/C3O2-504643.html">WebElements page on compound's properties</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Verwijzingen in de tekst</b> </p> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webelements.com/compounds/carbon/carbon_suboxide.html">Carbon Suboxide</a>. <i>WebElements Periodic Table</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128221638/https://www.webelements.com/compounds/carbon/carbon_suboxide.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2022-01-28">28 januari 2022</span>. 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