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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786-1848)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Stevenson Archer (1786-1848)">Stevenson Archer (1786-1848)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Judge and United States Representative from Maryland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Stevenson Archer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:StevensonArcherI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/StevensonArcherI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="212" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Chief Judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1844–1848</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Buchanan_(Maryland_judge)" title="John Buchanan (Maryland judge)">John Buchanan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beale_Dorsey" title="Thomas Beale Dorsey">Thomas Beale Dorsey</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1821</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Maryland07 !"><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 7th congressional district">7th district</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 26, 1811 – March 3, 1817</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Maryland06 !"><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 6th congressional district">6th district</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1809–1810</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1786-10-11</span>)</span>October 11, 1786<br />near <a href="/wiki/Churchville,_Maryland" title="Churchville, Maryland">Churchville, Maryland</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 26, 1848<span style="display:none">(1848-06-26)</span> (aged 61)<br /><a href="/wiki/Churchville,_Maryland" title="Churchville, Maryland">Churchville, Maryland</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Churchville_Presbyterian_Church" title="Churchville Presbyterian Church">Churchville Presbyterian Church</a><br />Churchville, Maryland, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Pamela Barney Hays</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1811)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">9, including <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_Archer_(1827%E2%80%931898)" title="Stevenson Archer (1827–1898)">Stevenson Archer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Archer_(Maryland_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Archer (Maryland politician)">John Archer</a> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stevenson_A._Williams" title="Stevenson A. Williams">Stevenson A. Williams</a> (grandson)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton College">Princeton College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Politician</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Stevenson Archer</b> (October 11, 1786 – June 26, 1848) was a judge and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Representative" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Representative">United States Representative</a> from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, representing the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives,_Maryland_District_6" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives, Maryland District 6">sixth district</a> from 1811 to 1817, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives,_Maryland_District_7" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives, Maryland District 7">seventh district</a> from 1819 to 1821. His son <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_Archer_(1827%E2%80%931898)" title="Stevenson Archer (1827–1898)">Stevenson Archer</a> and father <a href="/wiki/John_Archer_(Maryland_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Archer (Maryland politician)">John Archer</a> were also U.S. Congressmen from Maryland. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archer was born at Medical Hall, near <a href="/wiki/Churchville,_Maryland" title="Churchville, Maryland">Churchville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harford_County,_Maryland" title="Harford County, Maryland">Harford County, Maryland</a>, on October 11, 1786, to Catherine (née Harris) and <a href="/wiki/John_Archer_(Maryland_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Archer (Maryland politician)">John Archer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended Nottingham Academy of Maryland, later graduating from <a href="/wiki/Princeton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton College">Princeton College</a> in 1805. He studied law, was admitted to the bar of <a href="/wiki/Harford_County,_Maryland" title="Harford County, Maryland">Harford County, Maryland</a>, in 1808, and commenced practice the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-msa_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1809 to 1810, Archer served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a>, and was later elected as a <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democrat-Republican</a> to the Twelfth United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of <a href="/wiki/John_Montgomery_(representative)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Montgomery (representative)">John Montgomery</a>. He was reelected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses and served from October 26, 1811, until March 3, 1817.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having reached the Constitutional age of service in the House (25 years of age) less than one month prior to taking his seat, Archer was the youngest member of the Twelfth Congress, which was defined at least in part by the injection of youth into the government. Archer was one of the firmest supporters of the <a href="/wiki/War_hawk" title="War hawk">War Hawk</a> agenda in Congress, consistently voting for military preparation and the War of 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Congress, Archer served as chairman of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._House_Committee_on_Claims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. House Committee on Claims (page does not exist)">Committee on Claims</a> (Thirteenth Congress), and as a member of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._House_Committee_on_Expenditures_in_the_Department_of_the_Navy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. House Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy (page does not exist)">Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy</a> (Fourteenth Congress). During the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, he was paymaster to the Fortieth Maryland Militia, and was appointed on March 5, 1817, by President <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> as United States judge for the Territory of <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, with powers of Governor, holding court at St. Stephens.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archer resigned within a year, and returned to Maryland to continue his law practice. He was elected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1819, until March 3, 1821, and, in Congress, served as chairman of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._House_Committee_on_Expenditures_in_the_Department_of_the_Navy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. House Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy (page does not exist)">Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy</a>. In 1823, Archer was appointed chief judge of the judicial circuit court of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Baltimore County, Maryland">Baltimore</a> and Harford Counties and <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore City</a>. In 1844, Archer was appointed by Governor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pratt_(Maryland_politician)" title="Thomas Pratt (Maryland politician)">Thomas Pratt</a> as chief justice of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Maryland Court of Appeals</a> and served until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-msa_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archer married Pamela Barney Hays in 1811.<sup id="cite_ref-msa_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had nine children, including <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_Archer_(1827%E2%80%931898)" title="Stevenson Archer (1827–1898)">Stevenson Archer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-msa_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His grandson was <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_A._Williams" title="Stevenson A. Williams">Stevenson A. Williams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 6, 1809, Archer was the first man to be made a Master Mason in Mount Ararat Lodge No. 44, in Bel Air Maryland, one of the states oldest and most respected Masonic Lodges.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Archer was a slave owner.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archer died on June 26, 1848, at <i>Medical Hall</i>. He is interred in the <a href="/wiki/Churchville_Presbyterian_Church" title="Churchville Presbyterian Church">Churchville Presbyterian Church</a> cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-msa_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bio-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/A000273">"ARCHER, Stevenson"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=ARCHER%2C+Stevenson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fsearch%2Fbio%2FA000273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStevenson+Archer+%281786%E2%80%931848%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-msa-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-msa_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msa_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msa_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msa_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msa_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/001900/001946/html/1946bio.html">"Stevenson Archer (1786-1848)"</a>. <i>Maryland Manual On-Line</i>. <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_Archives" title="Maryland State Archives">Maryland State Archives</a>. March 7, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Manual+On-Line&rft.atitle=Stevenson+Archer+%281786-1848%29&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmsa.maryland.gov%2Fmegafile%2Fmsa%2Fspeccol%2Fsc3500%2Fsc3520%2F001900%2F001946%2Fhtml%2F1946bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStevenson+Archer+%281786%E2%80%931848%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hatzenbuehler, Ronald L. and Robert L. Ivie. <i>Congress Declares War</i> (Kent: Kent State UP, 1989), 27-31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CVJKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA135"><i>History of the Western Insurrection</i></a>. Vol. 4. B.F. Johnson, Incorporated. 1912. pp. 135–138.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Western+Insurrection&rft.pages=135-138&rft.pub=B.F.+Johnson%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCVJKAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStevenson+Archer+%281786%E2%80%931848%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/washingtonpost/data-congress-slaveowners">"Congress slaveowners"</a>, <i>The Washington Post</i>, January 13, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Congress+slaveowners&rft.date=2022-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fwashingtonpost%2Fdata-congress-slaveowners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStevenson+Archer+%281786%E2%80%931848%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressA000273" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=A000273">"Stevenson Archer (id: A000273)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Stevenson+Archer+%28id%3A+A000273%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DA000273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStevenson+Archer+%281786%E2%80%931848%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stevenson_Archer_(1786%E2%80%931848)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stevenson Archer (1786–1848)">Stevenson Archer (1786–1848)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Montgomery_(Maryland_politician)" title="John Montgomery (Maryland politician)">John Montgomery</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives,_Maryland_District_6" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives, Maryland District 6">U.S. Congressman from the 6th district of Maryland</a> </b><br />1811–1817 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Culbreth" title="Thomas Culbreth">Thomas Culbreth</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Reed_(politician)" title="Philip Reed (politician)">Philip Reed</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives,_Maryland_District_7" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives, Maryland District 7">U.S. Congressman from the 7th district of Maryland</a> </b><br />1819–1821 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wright_(Maryland_politician)" title="Robert Wright (Maryland politician)">Robert Wright</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Buchanan_(Maryland_judge)" title="John Buchanan (Maryland judge)">John Buchanan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Judge_of_the_Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals">Chief Judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals</a> </b><br />1844–1848 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beale_Dorsey" title="Thomas Beale Dorsey">Thomas Beale Dorsey</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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