CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <script> var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener("gform/theme/scripts_loaded",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>"function"==typeof InitializeEditor,callIfLoaded:function(o){return!(!gform.domLoaded||!gform.scriptsLoaded||!gform.themeScriptsLoaded&&!gform.isFormEditor()||(gform.isFormEditor()&&console.warn("The use of gform.initializeOnLoaded() is deprecated in the form editor context and will be removed in Gravity Forms 3.1."),o(),0))},initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.callIfLoaded(o)||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",()=>{gform.scriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),document.addEventListener("gform/theme/scripts_loaded",()=>{gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{gform.domLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}))},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook("action",o,r,e,t)},addFilter:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook("filter",o,r,e,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook("action",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook("filter",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,r){gform.removeHook("action",o,r)},removeFilter:function(o,r,e){gform.removeHook("filter",o,r,e)},addHook:function(o,r,e,t,n){null==gform.hooks[o][r]&&(gform.hooks[o][r]=[]);var d=gform.hooks[o][r];null==n&&(n=r+"_"+d.length),gform.hooks[o][r].push({tag:n,callable:e,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(r,o,e){var t;if(e=Array.prototype.slice.call(e,1),null!=gform.hooks[r][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[r][o]).sort(function(o,r){return o.priority-r.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){"function"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),"action"==r?t.apply(null,e):e[0]=t.apply(null,e)})),"filter"==r)return e[0]},removeHook:function(o,r,t,n){var e;null!=gform.hooks[o][r]&&(e=(e=gform.hooks[o][r]).filter(function(o,r,e){return!!(null!=n&&n!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][r]=e)}}); </script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px}</style> <link rel='preconnect' href='https://i0.wp.com' >  <title>Tribes Archives - High Country News</title><link rel="preload" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1" as="image" imagesrcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?w=1763&quality=100&ssl=1 1763w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=300%2C43&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C147&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=768%2C110&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1536%2C220&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1200%2C172&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1568%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=400%2C57&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" imagesizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" fetchpriority="high" /><link rel="preload" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" as="image" imagesrcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" imagesizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" fetchpriority="high" /><style id="perfmatters-used-css">.stick-to-top:last-child{position:sticky;top:1rem;}#page{overflow:initial !important;}.newspack_global_ad{max-width:100%;flex:1 1 auto;}.newspack_global_ad.fixed-height{padding:16px 0;box-sizing:content-box;}.newspack_global_ad.fixed-height>*{margin:0;}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:gform-icons-theme;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.woff2?cocjn") format("woff2"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.ttf?cocjn") format("truetype"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.woff?cocjn") format("woff"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.svg?cocjn#gform-icons-theme") format("svg");}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform-text-input-reset,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input.gform-text-input-reset,body[class*=avada] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input:not([type=radio]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=submit]):not([type=button]):not([type=image]):not([type=file]).gform-text-input-reset{background-color:transparent;border:transparent;border-radius:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;outline:none;padding:inherit;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-ms-reveal{display:none;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_body .gform_fields .gfield.gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields .gfield.gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_validation_container{display:none !important;left:-9000px;position:absolute !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .chosen-container a.chosen-single{border-radius:inherit;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ul.chosen-results li{line-height:inherit;}@media only screen and (max-width:641px){.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input:not([type=radio]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=image]):not([type=file]){line-height:2;min-height:32px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme textarea{line-height:1.5;}}@media only screen and (min-width:641px){body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.medium.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.medium.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:calc(50% - 8px) !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.large.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.large.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:100% !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.small.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.small.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:25% !important;}}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_hidden,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_hidden{display:none;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .hidden_label .gfield_label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .hidden_sub_label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal !important;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button.screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;height:auto;margin:0;position:static !important;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_footer.top_label{display:table-cell;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;vertical-align:middle;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body{max-width:75%;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label{display:table;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield{display:table-cell;height:auto;padding-right:1em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .large,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .medium,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .small{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .ginput_container_checkbox .gchoice,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .ginput_container_radio .gchoice{display:inline-block;margin-right:.5em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label.form_sublabel_above .gfield,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label.form_sublabel_below .gfield{vertical-align:middle;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme body:not(.rtl) .gform_wrapper form.gf_simple_horizontal div.gform_footer.top_label{text-align:left;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield textarea{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield textarea.large{height:288px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield select{max-width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield input.large,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield select.large{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme *{box-sizing:border-box;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{grid-column-gap:2%;grid-row-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr);grid-template-rows:repeat(auto-fill,auto);width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield{grid-column:1/-1;min-width:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield.gfield--width-full{-ms-grid-column-span:12;grid-column:span 12;}@media (max-width:640px){.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{grid-column-gap:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield:not(.gfield--width-full){grid-column:1/-1;}}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer .gform-button--width-full.gfield--width-full{width:100%;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme code,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=email],html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=tel],html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=url]{direction:rtl;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required{margin-left:0;margin-right:4px;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-webkit-input-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-moz-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme :-ms-input-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme :-moz-placeholder{text-align:right;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody td,.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody th{flex-grow:1;white-space:normal;width:0;word-break:break-word;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody td.gfield_list_icons{flex-grow:unset;width:48px;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_cell{flex-grow:1;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_cell input{width:95%;}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr{flex-flow:column;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr td:before{content:attr(data-label);font-size:14.992px;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr td{flex-grow:unset;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_icons{height:35px;width:auto;}}.gf_browser_ie.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform-body{margin:0 -32px -32px 0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label{display:inline-block;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;padding:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required{color:#c02b0a;display:inline-block;font-size:13.008px;padding-left:.125em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required .gfield_required_custom,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required .gfield_required_text{font-style:italic;font-weight:400;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error .gfield_repeater_cell label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error legend,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_validation_message,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .validation_message,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme [aria-invalid=true]+label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme label+[aria-invalid=true]{color:#c02b0a;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button.button:disabled{opacity:.6;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer{display:flex;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input{align-self:flex-end;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit .gform-button--width-full,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer .gform-button--width-full{text-align:center;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gsection_description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .instruction{clear:both;font-family:inherit;font-size:15px;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:inherit;padding-top:13px;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer{margin:6px 0 0;padding:16px 0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input{margin-bottom:8px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input.button:disabled{opacity:.6;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input+button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input+button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input+input{margin-left:8px;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button+input,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input+button,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input+input{margin-right:8px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=number]{display:inline-block;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=color],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=date],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=datetime-local],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=datetime],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=email],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=month],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=number],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=password],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=search],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=tel],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=text],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=time],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=url],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=week],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme textarea{font-size:15px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:8px;}</style> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Tribes Archives - High Country News" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="High Country News" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@highcountrynews" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/","url":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/","name":"Tribes Archives - High Country News","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?fit=2172%2C2560&quality=100&ssl=1","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?fit=2172%2C2560&quality=100&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?fit=2172%2C2560&quality=100&ssl=1","width":2172,"height":2560,"caption":"A Handshake Basket, 2025. Archival pigment print photo collage, 14 x 14 inches. Images used: Elaine Harvey, Epiphany Couch, Gifford Pinchot National Forest Archive."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.hcn.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tribes"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#website","url":"https://www.hcn.org/","name":"High Country News","description":"A nonprofit independent magazine of unblinking journalism that shines a light on all of the complexities of the West.","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.hcn.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#organization","name":"High Country News","url":"https://www.hcn.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1","width":1763,"height":253,"caption":"High Country News"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/highcountrynews","https://x.com/highcountrynews","https://www.instagram.com/highcountrynews","https://www.tiktok.com/@highcountrynews","https://www.linkedin.com/company/high-country-news/"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.broadstreetads.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.parsely.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="High Country News » Feed" href="https://www.hcn.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="High Country News » Comments Feed" href="https://www.hcn.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="High Country News » Tribes Tag Feed" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/feed/" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css'>.wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='wp-parsely-recommendations-style-inline-css'>.parsely-recommendations-list-title{font-size:1.2em}.parsely-recommendations-list{list-style:none;padding:unset}.parsely-recommendations-cardbody{overflow:hidden;padding:.8em;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.parsely-recommendations-cardmedia{padding:.8em .8em 0}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'>.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'>.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}</style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--primary: #de3610;--wp--preset--color--primary-variation: #b60e00;--wp--preset--color--secondary: #40798a;--wp--preset--color--secondary-variation: #185162;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray: #111111;--wp--preset--color--medium-gray: #767676;--wp--preset--color--light-gray: #EEEEEE;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--grad-1: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 222,54,16) 0%,rgb( 182,14,0) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-2: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 64,121,138) 0%,rgb( 24,81,98) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-3: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 17,17,17 ) 0%,rgb( 85,85,85 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-4: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 68,68,68 ) 0%,rgb( 136,136,136 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-5: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 119,119,119 ) 0%,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-6: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 0%,rgb( 255,255,255 ) 100% );--wp--preset--font-size--small: 16px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--normal: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge: 44px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.css?ver=1737396214"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/includes/../dist/frontend.css?ver=1737396214"> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-block-styles-stylesheet-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/block_styles.css?ver=4.6.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-newsletters-subscriptions-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-newsletters/includes/../dist/subscriptions.css?ver=1739815486' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-components-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/css/dist/components/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-commons-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/commons.css?ver=5.14.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-admin-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/admin.css?ver=5.14.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-reader-auth-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.css?ver=5.14.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-ui-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/newspack-ui.css?ver=5.14.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-popups-view-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.css?ver=1734374647' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-scott/style.css?ver=2.5.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-print-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/print.css?ver=2.5.0' media='print' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-sponsors-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/newspack-sponsors.css?ver=2.5.0' media='all' /> <style id='akismet-widget-style-inline-css'>.a-stats{--akismet-color-mid-green: #357b49;--akismet-color-white: #fff;--akismet-color-light-grey: #f6f7f7;max-width: 350px;width: auto;}.a-stats *{all: unset;box-sizing: border-box;}.a-stats strong{font-weight: 600;}.a-stats a.a-stats__link,.a-stats a.a-stats__link:visited,.a-stats a.a-stats__link:active{background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green);border: none;box-shadow: none;border-radius: 8px;color: var(--akismet-color-white);cursor: pointer;display: block;font-family: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI','Roboto','Oxygen-Sans','Ubuntu','Cantarell','Helvetica Neue',sans-serif;font-weight: 500;padding: 12px;text-align: center;text-decoration: none;transition: all 0.2s ease;}.widget .a-stats a.a-stats__link:focus{background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green);color: var(--akismet-color-white);text-decoration: none;}.a-stats a.a-stats__link:hover{filter: brightness(110%);box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.06),0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.16);}.a-stats .count{color: var(--akismet-color-white);display: block;font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.4;padding: 0 13px;white-space: nowrap;}</style> <script async data-cfasync='false' src="//cdn.broadstreetads.com/init-2.min.js?v=1.51.1&ver=6.7.2" id="broadstreet-init-js"></script>   <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-PHX5QDZ" id="google_gtagjs-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="google_gtagjs-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["www.hcn.org"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-PHX5QDZ"); </script>  <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/wp/v2/tags/1711" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.hcn.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />  <style id="custom-logo-css">.site-title{position: absolute;clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}</style> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.147.0" /> <script>var Pelcro = window.Pelcro || (window.Pelcro = {}); Pelcro.siteid = "1800"; Pelcro.environment = {}; Pelcro.environment.stripe = "pk_live_Wdef2LjEQXsgFWult6IVFobB"; Pelcro.environment.domain = "https://www.pelcro.com"; Pelcro.environment.ui = "https://js.pelcro.com/ui/plugin/high-country-news/v1/main.min.js"; Pelcro.uiSettings = { selectTitle: "Subscribe to get access", selectSubTitle: "Select a subscription option below", donationSelectTitle: "Donate to High Country News", donationSelectSubTitle: "Make a tax-deductible contibution to support independent reporting on the West", enableNameFieldsInRegister: true, newsletters: [ { label: "Newsletters", id: "Newsletter" }, { label: "Indian Country News - monthly", id: "ICN" }, { label: "Landline - monthly", id: "Landline" } ],}; </script> <script src="https://js.pelcro.com/sdk/main.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <script>console.log('Paywall result: ');</script> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/wp/v2/web-app-manifest"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#fff"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=192%2C192&quality=100&ssl=1"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="HCN"> <meta name="application-name" content="HCN"> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Tagged - Tribes","url":"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/topic\/tribes\/"}</script> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors-scott">.mobile-sidebar .article-section-title::before,.mobile-sidebar .accent-header::before{background-color: #000000;}.h-sb .middle-header-contain{background-color: #000000;}.h-sb .top-header-contain{background-color: #000000;border-bottom-color: #000000;}.h-sb .site-header,.h-sb .site-title,.h-sb .site-title a:link,.h-sb .site-title a:visited,.h-sb .site-description,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 .main-menu > li,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a:hover,.h-sb .top-header-contain,.h-sb .middle-header-contain{color: white;}#colophon,#colophon .widget-title,#colophon .social-navigation a,#colophon .widgettitle{color: white;}#colophon .footer-branding .wrapper,#colophon .footer-widgets:first-child{border: 0;}.site-footer .accent-header::before,.site-footer .article-section-title::before{background-color: #000000;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts-scott">.accent-header:not(.widget-title),.article-section-title,.page-title,#secondary .widget-title,.author-bio .accent-header span,#colophon .widget-title,#colophon .widgettitle,#secondary .widgettitle{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors">:root{--newspack-theme-color-primary: #de3610;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation: #c01800;--newspack-theme-color-secondary: #40798a !important;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation: #185162;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-5: #d9310b;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-10: #d42c06;--newspack-theme-color-primary-against-white: #de3610;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-against-white: #40798a;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation-against-white: #c01800;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation-against-white: #185162;--newspack-theme-color-against-primary: white;--newspack-theme-color-against-secondary: white;}input[type="checkbox"]::before{background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M16.7 7.1l-6.3 8.5-3.3-2.5-.9 1.2 4.5 3.4L17.9 8z' fill='white'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.mobile-sidebar{background: #000000;}.mobile-sidebar,.mobile-sidebar button:hover,.mobile-sidebar a,.mobile-sidebar a:visited,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 .sub-menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .nav3 a{color: white;}.site-footer{background: #000000;}.site-footer,.site-footer a,.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget-title,.site-footer .widgettitle,.site-info{color: white;}.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget a:hover{opacity: 0.7;}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper,.site-info .site-info-contain:first-child{border-top-color: #000000;}.button.mb-cta,.button.mb-cta:not(:hover):visited,.tribe_community_edit .button.mb-cta{background-color: #de3610;color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="newspack-theme-colors-variables">:root{--newspack-primary-color: #de3610;--newspack-secondary-color: #40798a;--newspack-cta-color: #de3610;--newspack-header-color: #000000;--newspack-primary-menu-color:;--newspack-footer-color: #000000;--newspack-primary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-secondary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-cta-contrast-color: white;--newspack-header-contrast-color: white;--newspack-primary-menu-contrast-color: white;--newspack-footer-contrast-color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts">:root{--newspack-theme-font-heading: "GT America Standard","Helvetica","sans-serif";}:root{--newspack-theme-font-body: "Tiempos Text","Georgia","serif";}.tags-links span:first-child,.cat-links,.page-title,.highlight-menu .menu-label{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style>.sponsor-label .flag,amp-script .sponsor-label .flag{background: #FED850;color: black;}</style> <style id="bec-color-style" type="text/css">:root{--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-marigold-yellow: #fbbd4c;--bec-color-coverall-canvas: #d8a772;--bec-color-american-red-clay: #f1744f;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-neutral-gray: #a8a8a8;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has-marigold-yellow-color{color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow,#fbbd4c) !important;}:root .has-marigold-yellow-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow,#fbbd4c) !important;}:root .has-coverall-canvas-color{color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas,#d8a772) !important;}:root .has-coverall-canvas-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas,#d8a772) !important;}:root .has-american-red-clay-color{color: var(--bec-color-american-red-clay,#f1744f) !important;}:root .has-american-red-clay-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-american-red-clay,#f1744f) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has-neutral-gray-color{color: var(--bec-color-neutral-gray,#a8a8a8) !important;}:root .has-neutral-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-neutral-gray,#a8a8a8) !important;}</style><script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/vendor/fastclick/pmfastclick.min.js" defer></script><script>"addEventListener"in document&&document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){FastClick.attach(document.body)},!1);</script>  <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function( w, d, s, l, i ) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} ); var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0], j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f ); } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-K3RH36JR' ); </script>  <link rel="icon" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=192%2C192&quality=100&ssl=1" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=180%2C180&quality=100&ssl=1" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=270%2C270&quality=100&ssl=1" /> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function() { // Load GA script if not yet found if ( 'undefined' === typeof gtag ) { var element = document.createElement( 'script' ); element.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-698LGZT2NM'; element.async = true; document.head.appendChild( element ); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.gtag = function() { window.dataLayer.push( arguments ) }; gtag( 'js', new Date() ); } gtag( 'config', 'G-698LGZT2NM' ); } )(); </script> <style id="wp-custom-css">@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Compressed';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Compressed-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Compressed';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Compressed-Medium.ttf');font-weight: 500;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Mono';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Mono-Bold.OTF');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Mono';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Mono-Regular.OTF');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Standard';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Standard-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Standard';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Standard-Regular.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Black.ttf');font-weight: 900;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Medium.ttf');font-weight: 500;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Light.ttf');font-weight: 300;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-BoldItalic.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: italic;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Regular.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Italic.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: italic;font-display: swap;}.site-header .nav1{font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-sm);}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.site-header .nav1 .main-menu > li:not(:last-child)::after{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray);content: '';display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 1rem;margin-left: 0.5rem;vertical-align: middle;}}.nav1 .main-menu > li > a{font-weight: 400;}ul.secondary-menu > .menu-item > a{letter-spacing: 0.01em;text-transform: uppercase;}.site-header ul.secondary-menu > .menu-item:first-of-type a{color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);}.single .entry-header .entry-title{font-family: "GT America Compressed",sans-serif;font-weight: 700;}.single .newspack-post-subtitle{font-family: "GT America Standard",sans-serif;}.newspack-post-subtitle.newspack-post-subtitle--in-homepage-block{font-style: normal;}.page-description,.not-found .page-title,.error-404 .page-title,.pagination .nav-links,.wp-block-query-pagination,.comments-title,.cat-links,.comment-author .fn,.no-comments,.site-title,.post-navigation .post-title,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight: 900;}.accent-header:not(.widget-title)::before,.article-section-title::before,.cat-links::before,.page-title::before,.site-breadcrumb .wrapper > span::before{display: none;}.entry-content a{text-decoration: none;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta .byline a,.single-post .entry-wrapper .entry-meta .byline a{color: #666;font-style: italic;}.entry-meta .byline a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation);}figcaption,.wp-caption-text,.swiper-pagination-simple{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-text-main);font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-style: italic;}figcaption,.wp-caption-text{font-weight: normal;}.entry-content figcaption,.entry-content .wp-caption-text{text-align: right;margin-right: 0px}.wp-block-image figcaption{font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-xs);}figcaption{color: #555;}figcaption .credit-label-wrapper{display: none;}figcaption .image-credit{display: block;font-weight: bold;}.dropcap::first-letter{float: left;font-weight: normal;font-size: 4em;line-height: 0.75;margin: 0.125em 0.75rem 0 0;position: relative;}.has-drop-cap:not( :focus )::first-letter{font-family: var( --newspack-theme-font-body );font-weight: normal;}.entry-content p:first-child > b:first-child{float: left;font-size: 4em;font-style: normal;line-height: 0.75;margin: 0.125em 0.75rem 0 0;position: relative;text-transform: uppercase;}div.wpnbha.ts-4 article .entry-title{font-size: 1.4em;}div.wpnbha p{font-size: 0.9em;line-height: 1.4;}div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-wrapper a:hover,.home div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-wrapper a:hover,div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-title a:hover,.home div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-title a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation );}div.wpnbha.has-text-color a:hover,.home div.wpnbha.has-text-color a:hover,div.wpnbha.has-text-color .entry-title a:hover,.home div.wpnbha.has-text-color .entry-title a:hover{color: inherit;}.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image{text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .post-thumbnail::after{background: linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,0.8) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%);}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper{padding: 1.5rem;}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper p:last-child{margin-bottom: 0;}.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind,.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind > div,.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind article:first-of-type:last-of-type{height: 100%;}.wp-block-group.alignleft.is-style-border,.wp-block-group.alignright.is-style-border{border-color: #000;}.entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft{border-width: 0 1px 0 0;margin-right: 30px !important;padding: 0 30px 0 0 !important;float: left;max-width: 50%;}.entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{border-width: 0 0 0 1px;margin-left: 30px !important;padding: 0 0 0 30px !important;float: right;max-width: 50%;}.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft,.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{max-width: 40%}@media (min-width: 782px){.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft,.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{max-width: 35%}}.wp-block-group.alignleft,.wp-block-group.alignright{font-family: "GT America Standard",sans-serif;font-size: 0.85rem;}.wp-block-group.alignleft > div > *:not(:first-child),.wp-block-group.alignright > div > *:not(:first-child){margin-top: 20px;}.wp-block-group.alignleft > div > *:not(:last-child),.wp-block-group.alignright > div > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom: 20px;}.wp-block-quote{border-left: 0;}.wp-block-pullquote,blockquote{font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 2rem;font-weight: 700;line-height: 1.25;padding: 0 2rem;text-align: center;}.wp-block-pullquote p{font-style: normal;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::before,.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::after,.wp-block-pullquote blockquote p:first-of-type::before{display: none;}.author-prefix,.single .entry-header .byline > span:first-child,.archive article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child,.search article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child,.blog article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child{display: none;}.single-post .cat-links{border-bottom: 4px solid var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);font-size: 14px;}.single-post .cat-links .sep{display: none;}.single-post .cat-links a{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);display: inline-block;padding: 0.375rem 0.5rem 0.25rem;text-decoration: none;}.single-post .entry-header .cat-links [rel*='category']{display: none;}.single-post .byline .author a{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary);}.single-post .byline .author a:focus,.single-post .byline .author a:hover{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-variation);}.single-post .posted-on{color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray);font-size: 14px;font-weight: 700;}.single .newspack-post-subtitle{margin-bottom: 0.45em;}.sd-content ul li{margin-bottom: 0;}.single .tags-links .sep{display: none;}.single .tags-links a{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-link);border-left: 1px solid var(--newspack-theme-color-border-light);display: inline-block;font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 1rem;font-style: italic;padding: 0 0.5rem;}.single .tags-links a:focus,.single .tags-links a:hover{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-link-hover);}.single .tags-links a:first-of-type{border: none;padding-left: 0}.single .tags-links > span:first-child{display: none;}.single .tags-links a[href*='/topic/not-on-homepage/'],.single .tags-links a[href*='/topic/free/']{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .site-breadcrumb{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header{background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);border: none;color: white;margin-bottom: 100px;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top: -90vh;width: 880px;padding: 50px;max-width: 100%;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a,.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .entry-meta{color: white;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a:hover,.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a:focus{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-pre);}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .post-thumbnail{height: 100vh;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .post-thumbnail img{height: 100%;object-fit: cover;width: 100%;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above figcaption{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .main-content{max-width: 880px;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-content{background-color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);padding-left: 24px;padding-right: 24px;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .entry-header .posted-on{color: #fff;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .cat-links{border: 0;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-content{max-width: 880px;padding-left: 50px;padding-right: 50px;}}.featured-image-behind{text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}.featured-image-behind:before{background: linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,0.70) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 60%);}.featured-image-behind .entry-header{margin-bottom: 0.75rem;}.featured-image-behind .cat-links{border: 0;}.featured-image-behind .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}.featured-image-behind .posted-on{color: #fff;}@media (min-width: 782px){.featured-image-beside .cat-links{border: 0;}.featured-image-beside .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}.featured-image-beside .posted-on{color: #fff;}}.post-template-single-feature .entry-header,.post-template-single-feature .post-thumbnail figcaption,.post-template-single-feature .featured-image-behind + figcaption{margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;max-width: 780px;}.featured-image-beside .entry-header{max-width: 90%;width: 780px;}.entry-content .alignfull > figcaption,.entry-content .alignwide > figcaption{margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: right;}.home .main-column .article-section-title{display: flex;}.home .main-column .article-section-title span{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);width: 100%;}.home .main-column .article-section-title a{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);display: flex;font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 1rem;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;padding: 0.25rem 2.5rem 0.25rem 1rem;position: relative;text-transform: none;}.home .main-column .article-section-title a:focus,.home .main-column .article-section-title a:hover{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-pre);}.home .main-column .article-section-title a::after{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);align-items: center;color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);content: '\203a';display: flex;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;height: 100%;padding: 0 0.5rem;position: absolute;right: 0;top: 0;}.home .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-title a:focus,.home .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-title a:hover{color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);}.wpnbha article.tag-perspective .byline::before,.archive article.tag-perspective .byline::before{background: #e7e7e7;color: #2f2f2f;content: 'Perspective';font-size: 0.625rem;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: 0.025em;margin-right: 0.5rem;padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;text-shadow: none;text-transform: uppercase;}.wp-block-rss__item{border-bottom: 1px solid gray;padding-bottom: 10px;margin-bottom: 15px;}.archive .entry-title a:hover,.archive article a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation );}.archive .entry-content p{line-height: 1.4em;}.above-footer-widgets .wp-block-columns{margin: 0;}@media only screen and (max-width: 781px){.above-footer-widgets{display: none;}}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.footer-subscribe-form-heading{display: none !important;}}.site-footer .widget-area{padding-bottom: 0;}.site-footer p,.site-footer ul{margin: 0;padding: 0;}.site-footer .widget.widget_block{margin-bottom: 0;}.site-footer .wp-block-columns{margin: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper{margin: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{row-gap: 8px;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_heading,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .ginput_complex label{display: none;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type="text"],.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type="email"]{font-size: 12px;padding: 4px;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input{margin-bottom: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer{justify-content: flex-end;padding: 2px 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_footer .button{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);border-radius: 0;color: #111;padding: 0.5rem 0.76rem;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_footer .button:hover{background-color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas);}.site-info{align-items: center;display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: space-between;margin: auto;max-width: 90vw;width: 1200px;}.site-info .wrapper{margin: 0;width: auto;}.site-info > .wrapper{gap: 0.5em;}.site-info .widget-area{order: 2}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper{padding: 0;}@media (max-width: 782px){.site-info .widget-area{flex-basis: 100%;}}.h-sb .middle-header-contain .wrapper{padding: .9rem 0 1rem;}.nav-wrapper .pelcro-login-button,.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button{cursor: pointer;}.nav-wrapper .pelcro-login-button:hover,.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button:hover{opacity: 0.75;}.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button:hover{text-decoration: underline;}.entry-wrapper{container-type: inline-size;}@container (max-width: 200px){h2.entry-title,h1,h2,h3,h4,.entry-title{hyphens: auto;}}.hcn-print-edition-box{font-style: italic;}.hcn-magtitle::before{content: open-quote;}.hcn-magtitle::after{content: close-quote;}.republication_tracker_tool{display: none;}div.wp-block-columns.-thin-margin{gap: 16px;}.-thin-margin .wpnbha article{margin-bottom: 16px;}.even-columns table{width: 100%;table-layout: fixed;}.align-top table td{vertical-align: top;}.collapse-bottom{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}.collapse-bottom + *{margin-top: 0 !important;}a[href^="tel:"],a[href^="mailto:"]{white-space: nowrap;}.full-link{position: relative;}.full-link a:after{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;content:'';}.entry .entry-content > #triptic{margin-top: 5px}div#triptic.wp-block-columns{gap: 6px;}#triptic .wpnbha article{height: calc( 50% - 3px );margin-bottom: 6px;min-height: unset !important;}#triptic .wpnbha article:last-child{margin-bottom: 0px;}#triptic .wp-block-column:first-child .wpnbha article{height: 60vh;max-height: 600px;}#triptic div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper{padding: 1.5rem 2.5rem 1.5rem 1.5rem;}@media (max-width: 781px){#triptic .wpnbha article{height: 30vh;max-height: 200px;}}.sd-sharing .sharing-hidden inner{padding: 2px;}.sd-sharing .sharing-hidden ul li{margin: 0;white-space: nowrap;}.sd-sharing .sd-content .sharing-hidden ul li a.sd-button{box-shadow: none;}.sd-sharing .sd-content ul li a.sd-button{background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);}@media (max-width: 782px){.sd-sharing .sd-content ul li.share-print{display: none;}}.wp-social-link-mail a .screen-reader-text{clip: auto;word-wrap: break-word;border: initial;-webkit-clip-path: none;clip-path: none;height: auto;margin: 0 0 0 24px;overflow: visible;padding: initial;position: static;width: auto;}.wp-social-link-mail:hover{transform: none !important;}#pelcro-app table td,#pelcro-app table td{word-break: normal;}#wpadminbar{background-color: #F2A673;}.jetpack_top_posts_widget li a{font-size: .9em;}.jetpack_top_posts_widget li:not(:last-child) a{border-bottom: 1px solid lightgray;padding-bottom: 20px;}.style-image-credit{font-weight: bold;font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-xs);}figcaption .image-credit + .image-credit{display: none;}.entry-content .wp-block-image > figure > figcaption{display:table-caption;}</style> <noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy[data-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.23%;overflow:hidden}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:auto;border:none;cursor:pointer;transition:.5s all;-webkit-transition:.5s all;-moz-transition:.5s all}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube .play{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;right:auto;width:68px;height:48px;margin-left:-34px;margin-top:-24px;background:url(https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/img/youtube.svg) no-repeat;background-position:center;background-size:cover;pointer-events:none;filter:grayscale(1)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube:hover .play{filter:grayscale(0)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:99}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative;}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding-bottom:0}</style></head> <body class="archive tag tag-tribes tag-1711 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive jps-theme-newspack-scott hfeed hide-homepage-title hide-site-tagline h-sub h-sb h-cl h-dh h-cta h-sub-cta has-tertiary-menu has-sidebar af-widget has-summary feature-latest fw-stacked newspack--font-loading" data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable>  <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K3RH36JR" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <aside id="mobile-sidebar-fallback" class="mobile-sidebar"> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" > <ul id="menu-login-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126094" class="pelcro-login-button menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126094"><a href="#">Your Dashboard</a></li> </ul> </nav> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-1"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-1" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" > <ul id="menu-primary-menu" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-129576" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129576"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/features/">Features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129571"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/public-lands/">Public Lands</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129572"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/indigenous-affairs/">Indigenous Affairs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129573"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/water/">Water</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129574" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129574"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129575" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129575"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/arts-culture/">Arts & Culture</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="secondary-menu nav2 dd-menu" aria-label="Secondary Menu" > <ul id="menu-subscribe-menu" class="secondary-menu"><li id="menu-item-126086" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126086"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-331479" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-331479"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/newsletters/">Newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-322368" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-322368"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Donate Now</a></li> <li id="menu-item-183818" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-183818"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/the-magazine/">The Magazine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-126089"><a href="#">Jobs & Classifieds</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState126089 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState126089 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState126089: !setState126089 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-126089"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState126089 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-126090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126090"><a href="https://classifieds.hcn.org/">Jobs & Classifieds</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126091" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126091"><a href="https://highcountrynews.adperfect.com/channel/C0A801FE1b4c7201BEWYX3FF29A8/publication/C0A801FE1b4c72030CvHv3ED6703">Place a Classified Ad</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126092" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126092"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Display Ad Info</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <aside id="desktop-sidebar-fallback" class="desktop-sidebar dir-left"> <button class="desktop-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> </aside> <aside id="subpage-sidebar-fallback" class="subpage-sidebar"> <button class="subpage-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" > <ul id="menu-login-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="pelcro-login-button menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126094"><a href="#">Your Dashboard</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" > <ul id="menu-primary-menu-1" class="main-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129576"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/features/">Features</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129571"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/public-lands/">Public Lands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129572"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/indigenous-affairs/">Indigenous Affairs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129573"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/water/">Water</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129574"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129575"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/arts-culture/">Arts & Culture</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="secondary-menu nav2 dd-menu" aria-label="Secondary Menu" > <ul id="menu-subscribe-menu-1" class="secondary-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126086"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-331479"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/newsletters/">Newsletters</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-322368"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Donate Now</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-183818"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/the-magazine/">The Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-126089"><a href="#">Jobs & Classifieds</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState126089 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState126089 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState126089: !setState126089 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-126089"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState126089 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126090"><a href="https://classifieds.hcn.org/">Jobs & Classifieds</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126091"><a href="https://highcountrynews.adperfect.com/channel/C0A801FE1b4c7201BEWYX3FF29A8/publication/C0A801FE1b4c72030CvHv3ED6703">Place a Classified Ad</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126092"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Display Ad Info</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#main">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header hide-header-search" [class]="searchVisible ? 'show-header-search site-header ' : 'hide-header-search site-header'"> <div class="middle-header-contain"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="subpage-toggle-contain"> <button class="subpage-toggle" on="tap:subpage-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> </button> </div> <div class="site-branding"> <style>.site-header .custom-logo{height: 67px;max-height: 253px;max-width: 600px;width: 467px;}@media (max-width: 781px){.site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 175px;max-height: 25px;}}@media (min-width: 782px){.h-stk:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-height: 57px;max-width: 400px;}.h-sub .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 200px;max-height: 29px;}}@media (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 782px){.h-stk.h-cl:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 100%;width: auto;}}</style><a href="https://www.hcn.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img data-perfmatters-preload width="1763" height="253" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1" class="custom-logo" alt="High Country News" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?w=1763&quality=100&ssl=1 1763w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=300%2C43&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C147&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=768%2C110&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1536%2C220&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1200%2C172&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1568%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=400%2C57&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /></a> <div class="site-identity"> <p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/" rel="home">High Country News</a></p> <p class="site-description"> A nonprofit independent magazine of unblinking journalism that shines a light on all of the complexities of the West. </p> </div> </div> <a class="button mb-cta" href="/support/">Support</a> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle" on="tap:mobile-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span>Menu</span> </button> <div class="header-search-contain"> <button id="search-toggle" on="tap:AMP.setState( { searchVisible: !searchVisible } ), search-form-2.focus" aria-controls="search-menu" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="searchVisible ? 'Close Search' : 'Open Search'"> Open Search </span> <span class="search-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> <span class="close-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> </button> <div id="header-search" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-2"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-2" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-bottom newspack-lightbox-size-full-width newspack-lightbox-no-overlay " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_329653" data-segments="12272" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-scroll="55" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#c1c1c3;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ff38e502546aa065418fcbe597b432c8" style="color:#121212">Read more Western reporting</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);flex-basis:66.66%"> <p>Sign up to receive <em>High Country News</em>’ email newsletters and get on-the-ground reporting and investigations delivered to your inbox each week.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:33.33%"><script type="text/javascript"></script> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/topic/tribes/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-social' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='bottom-bar-campaign-55' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Email</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this);' value='Sign up' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme&styles={"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}&hash=a47377322fd00182a3e018e0c927fcef' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_7' value='iframe' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_theme' data-js='gform_theme_7' id='gform_theme_7' value='gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_style_settings' data-js='gform_style_settings_7' id='gform_style_settings_7' value='{"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=bottom-bar-campaign-55&ac_tag=campaign-new-social' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="101"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/post_render', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div> </div> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-position-marker_id_329653" class="page-position-marker" style="position: absolute; top: 55%"></div> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-bottom newspack-lightbox-size-full-width newspack-lightbox-no-overlay " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_329640" data-segments="10101" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-scroll="55" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#c1c1c3;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a4788405bd5595f1203811228390787a" style="color:#121212">Welcome to High Country News</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"> <p><em>HCN</em> has covered the lands, wildlife and communities of the Western U.S. for <a href="/about">more than 50 years</a>. <strong>Get to know the West better by signing up to receive <em>HCN</em>’s on-the-ground reporting and investigations in your inbox.</strong></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:33.33%"> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/topic/tribes/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-search' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='bottom-bar-campaign-55' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Name</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this);' value='Sign up' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme&styles={"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}&hash=a47377322fd00182a3e018e0c927fcef' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_7' value='iframe' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_theme' data-js='gform_theme_7' id='gform_theme_7' value='gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_style_settings' data-js='gform_style_settings_7' id='gform_style_settings_7' value='{"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=bottom-bar-campaign-55&ac_tag=campaign-new-search' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_2" name="ak_js" value="114"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/post_render', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div> </div> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-position-marker_id_329640" class="page-position-marker" style="position: absolute; top: 55%"></div> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <section id="primary" class="content-area"> <header class="page-header"> <span> <h1 class="page-title"><span class="page-description">Tribes</span></h1> </span> </header> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-331869" class="post-331869 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-issues category-57-3 tag-communities tag-features tag-food tag-northwest tag-plants tag-recreation tag-tribes tag-u-s-forest-service tag-wildfire entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-3/the-true-cost-of-the-huckleberry-industry/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img data-perfmatters-preload width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="A Handshake Basket, 2025. Archival pigment print photo collage, 14 x 14 inches. Images used: Elaine Harvey, Epiphany Couch, Gifford Pinchot National Forest Archive." data-hero-candidate="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/berry-fields-57-03_5-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-3/" rel="category tag">March 2025: The Berry Pickers</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-3/the-true-cost-of-the-huckleberry-industry/" rel="bookmark">The true cost of the huckleberry industry</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/josephine-woolington/">Josephine Woolington</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-3/the-true-cost-of-the-huckleberry-industry/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-25T02:01:00-07:00">February 25, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-24T14:33:19-07:00">February 24, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>The Ḱamíłpa Band of the Yakama Nation has wanted an end to commercial picking of a critical cultural resource for years. Finally, the Forest Service is expected to make a decision.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-332019" class="post-332019 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-donald-trump tag-election2024 tag-endangered-species tag-montana-2 tag-politics tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" rel="bookmark">In Montana, a new map flipped 12 red seats</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/gabriel-furshong/">Gabriel Furshong</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-25T02:00:00-07:00">February 25, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-24T18:39:55-07:00">February 24, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>A common thread runs through states where Democrats made largest gains: bipartisan maps.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331618" class="post-331618 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-issues category-57-3 tag-bureau-of-indian-affairs tag-education tag-indigenous-affairs tag-national-park-service tag-people-places tag-profiles tag-tribes entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-indian-education-of-charles-sams/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="534" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?resize=800%2C534&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?w=800&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?resize=768%2C513&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?resize=400%2C267&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cssh_original.jpg?resize=800%2C534&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/" rel="category tag">Issues</a><span class="sep">, </span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-3/" rel="category tag">March 2025: The Berry Pickers</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-indian-education-of-charles-sams/" rel="bookmark">The Indian education of Charles Sams</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/b-toastie-oaster/">B. ‘Toastie’ Oaster</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-indian-education-of-charles-sams/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-05T02:00:00-07:00">February 5, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-20T14:17:11-07:00">February 20, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>How the first Native director of the National Park Service drew from a legacy of federal boarding schools and Indigenous teachings.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331453" class="post-331453 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-agriculture tag-bureau-of-indian-affairs tag-energy-industry tag-idaho tag-justice tag-land-grab-universities-2 tag-montana-2 tag-natural-gas tag-north-dakota tag-oil tag-public-lands tag-social-justice tag-south-dakota tag-tribes tag-utah tag-wyoming entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/these-states-use-stolen-indigenous-land-to-fund-prisons/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/33855178844_8c1125e505_o-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/these-states-use-stolen-indigenous-land-to-fund-prisons/" rel="bookmark">These states use stolen Indigenous land to fund prisons</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span><span class="author-avatar"></span><span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/alleen-brown/">Alleen Brown</a></span>, <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/clayton-aldern/">Clayton Aldern</a></span> and <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/maria-parazo-rose/">Maria Parazo Rose</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/these-states-use-stolen-indigenous-land-to-fund-prisons/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-04T02:00:00-07:00">February 4, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-04T08:02:19-07:00">February 4, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>State trust lands generate millions of dollars for carceral facilities and programs every year, largely from extractive industries like oil and gas drilling.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331258" class="post-331258 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-57-2 category-issues tag-california tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-coast tag-endangered-species tag-food tag-ocean tag-scientific-research tag-tribes entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/bringing-black-abalone-back-from-the-brink/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="Researchers from the University of California, Santa Cruz and NOAA Fisheries search for black abalone along the Dangermond Preserve coastline in central California in October." loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/back-brink-57-02_5.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-2/" rel="category tag">February 2025: Immigrant Stories</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/bringing-black-abalone-back-from-the-brink/" rel="bookmark">Bringing black abalone back from the brink</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/natalia-mesa/">Natalia Mesa</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/bringing-black-abalone-back-from-the-brink/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-01T01:45:00-07:00">February 1, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-31T15:56:14-07:00">January 31, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>To save the species, researchers translocated the endangered California mollusk.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331285" class="post-331285 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-57-2 category-issues tag-alaska tag-communities tag-essays tag-food tag-lifeways tag-people-places tag-tribes entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/a-writer-finds-freedom-in-being-unapologetically-indigenous/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="801" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=1200%2C801&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?w=1200&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=768%2C513&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=1024%2C684&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=400%2C267&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/unapologetically-indigenous-57-02_2.jpg?resize=1200%2C801&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/" rel="category tag">Issues</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/a-writer-finds-freedom-in-being-unapologetically-indigenous/" rel="bookmark">A writer finds freedom in being unapologetically Indigenous</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/laureli-ivanoff/">Laureli Ivanoff</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/a-writer-finds-freedom-in-being-unapologetically-indigenous/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-01T01:30:00-07:00">February 1, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-31T15:58:52-07:00">January 31, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>On strengthening roots in a new place. </p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331435" class="post-331435 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-arizona tag-pollution tag-public-health tag-transportation tag-tribes tag-u-s-forest-service tag-utah tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/uranium-trucks-on-arizonas-killer-89-spark-alarm-in-tribal-communities/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="Red mesas on the Navajo Nation can be seen in Mexican Hat, Arizona, traveling near the intersection of State Route 89 and 191 along the uranium haul route." loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?w=2048&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=2000%2C1500&quality=100&ssl=1 2000w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1568%2C1176&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Navajo-road-horizon-2048x1536-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/uranium-trucks-on-arizonas-killer-89-spark-alarm-in-tribal-communities/" rel="bookmark">Uranium trucks on Arizona’s ‘Killer 89’ spark alarm in tribal communities</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/shondiin-silversmith/">Shondiin Silversmith</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/uranium-trucks-on-arizonas-killer-89-spark-alarm-in-tribal-communities/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-31T01:59:00-07:00">January 31, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-03T10:56:22-07:00">February 3, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>White Mesa residents say they’d be last to know about accidents despite being closest to danger.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331366" class="post-331366 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-communities tag-department-of-interior tag-donald-trump tag-indigenous-affairs tag-military tag-opinion tag-public-lands tag-tribes tag-u-s-forest-service tag-web-exclusive tag-wildlife entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/we-must-protect-our-sacred-lands/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gila-Headwaters-Lo-Res-2024-09.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/we-must-protect-our-sacred-lands/" rel="bookmark">We must protect our sacred lands</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/clark-tenakhongva/">Clark Tenakhongva</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/we-must-protect-our-sacred-lands/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-29T02:00:00-07:00">January 29, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-29T11:28:37-07:00">January 29, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>To meet the crisis of our time and help address past wrongs, we need bold action from decision makers.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331290" class="post-331290 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-coal tag-department-of-interior tag-energy-industry tag-natural-gas tag-north-dakota tag-oil tag-public-lands tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/trumps-nominee-for-leading-interior-attempted-to-rip-up-rules-governing-public-lands/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum speaks at the Republican National Convention in July 2024." loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?w=2048&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=300%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=2000%2C1500&quality=100&ssl=1 2000w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=768%2C576&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1536%2C1152&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1024%2C768&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1568%2C1176&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/image-18.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/trumps-nominee-for-leading-interior-attempted-to-rip-up-rules-governing-public-lands/" rel="bookmark">Trump’s nominee for leading Interior attempted to rip up rules governing public lands</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span><span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/mark-olalde/">Mark Olalde</a></span> and <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/mary-steurer/">Mary Steurer</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/trumps-nominee-for-leading-interior-attempted-to-rip-up-rules-governing-public-lands/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-27T02:00:00-07:00">January 27, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-24T16:35:02-07:00">January 24, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>North Dakota sued the Interior Department at least five times under Gov. Doug Burgum. Now he’s set to run the agency.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331141" class="post-331141 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-57-2 category-issues tag-coal tag-communities tag-economy tag-energy-industry tag-tribes tag-u-s-department-of-energy tag-u-s-environmental-protection-agency tag-utah entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/what-happens-after-utahs-coal-fired-power-plants-close/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/huntington-25-4-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/" rel="category tag">Issues</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/what-happens-after-utahs-coal-fired-power-plants-close/" rel="bookmark">What happens after Utah’s coal-fired power plants close?</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/brooke-larsen/">Brooke Larsen</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/what-happens-after-utahs-coal-fired-power-plants-close/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-23T02:00:00-07:00">January 23, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-24T08:21:29-07:00">January 24, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Department of Energy grants are helping eastern Utah plan for the energy transition.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331098" class="post-331098 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-57-2 category-issues tag-arizona tag-borderlands tag-donald-trump tag-immigration tag-indigenous-affairs tag-nevada tag-news tag-politics tag-tribes entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/this-is-about-power-indigenous-immigrants-face-a-second-trump-administration/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/190816_casa_alitas_5994.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-2/" rel="category tag">February 2025: Immigrant Stories</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/this-is-about-power-indigenous-immigrants-face-a-second-trump-administration/" rel="bookmark">‘This is about power’: Indigenous immigrants face a second Trump administration</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/anna-v-smith/">Anna V. Smith</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-2/this-is-about-power-indigenous-immigrants-face-a-second-trump-administration/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-21T15:44:57-07:00">January 21, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-07T11:43:19-07:00">February 7, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem, who was banned from nine tribal reservations, will oversee policies uniquely important to Indigenous people.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-331049" class="post-331049 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-communities tag-military tag-new-mexico tag-nuclear-energy tag-pollution tag-public-health tag-social-justice tag-southwest tag-tribes tag-u-s-environmental-protection-agency tag-water entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/epa-takes-unprecedented-step-to-remove-uranium-waste-from-the-navajo-nation/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Red-Water-Pond-Road-Community-leader.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/epa-takes-unprecedented-step-to-remove-uranium-waste-from-the-navajo-nation/" rel="bookmark">EPA takes unprecedented step to remove uranium waste from the Navajo Nation</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/natalia-mesa/">Natalia Mesa</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/epa-takes-unprecedented-step-to-remove-uranium-waste-from-the-navajo-nation/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-17T02:00:00-07:00">January 17, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-23T17:17:06-07:00">January 23, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>The decision opens the door for new ways to manage uranium pollution on tribal land.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330928" class="post-330928 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-law tag-politics tag-public-lands tag-recreation tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-explore-act-is-a-blueprint-for-bipartisan-conservation-legislation/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/explore-act-25-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-explore-act-is-a-blueprint-for-bipartisan-conservation-legislation/" rel="bookmark">The EXPLORE Act is a blueprint for bipartisan conservation legislation</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/zoe-rom/">Zoë Rom</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-explore-act-is-a-blueprint-for-bipartisan-conservation-legislation/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-13T02:00:00-07:00">January 13, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-10T18:26:26-07:00">January 10, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Bipartisan support for the act highlights the outdoor industry’s growing political clout, but questions remain about its cultural and environmental impact.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330385" class="post-330385 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-issues category-57-1 tag-california tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-conservation-beyond-boundaries tag-national-park-service tag-scientific-research tag-tribes tag-wildfire entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/fire-crews-do-more-than-fight-fires/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="At Sequoia National Park in California, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service employees cover trees in structure wrap to protect them from fires in late September, 2021." loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/fire-crews-57-01_2.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-1/" rel="category tag">January 2025: The West's Most Wanted</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/fire-crews-do-more-than-fight-fires/" rel="bookmark">Fire crews do more than fight fires</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/cameron-walker/">Cameron Walker</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/fire-crews-do-more-than-fight-fires/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-01T01:45:00-07:00">January 1, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-31T09:05:24-07:00">December 31, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Some protect habitats and cultural resources from smoke and flames.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330398" class="post-330398 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-issues category-57-1 tag-arts-culture tag-communities tag-department-of-interior tag-essays tag-history tag-indigenous-affairs tag-tribes tag-wyoming entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/tribal-objects-returned-to-the-northern-arapaho-tribe/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/prayer-persistence-57-01_4crop.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-1/" rel="category tag">January 2025: The West's Most Wanted</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/tribal-objects-returned-to-the-northern-arapaho-tribe/" rel="bookmark">Tribal objects returned to the Northern Arapaho Tribe</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/jordan-dresser/">Jordan Dresser</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/tribal-objects-returned-to-the-northern-arapaho-tribe/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-01T01:40:00-07:00">January 1, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-03T15:24:04-07:00">January 3, 2025</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>After years of negotiation with the Episcopal Church, over 200 cultural items finally come back home.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330261" class="post-330261 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-indigenous-affairs tag-media tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-stories-you-need-to-read/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/IADStories3.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-stories-you-need-to-read/" rel="bookmark">Indigenous affairs stories you need to read</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/b-toastie-oaster/">B. ‘Toastie’ Oaster</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-stories-you-need-to-read/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-31T02:00:00-07:00">December 31, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-30T14:59:52-07:00">December 30, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Beyond HCN’s coverage, the beat is expanding, highlighting the complexity of Indian Country.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330287" class="post-330287 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-alaska tag-birds tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-california tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-coast tag-colorado tag-conservation-beyond-boundaries tag-department-of-interior tag-endangered-species tag-fish tag-idaho tag-monuments tag-public-lands tag-rivers-lakes tag-tribes tag-washington tag-web-exclusive tag-wildlife tag-wolves tag-wyoming entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/2024s-biggest-conservation-wins-for-the-west/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Wilson_Paul_Ciyals_IronGateCanyons241024-23-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/2024s-biggest-conservation-wins-for-the-west/" rel="bookmark">2024’s biggest conservation wins for the West</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/kylie-mohr/">Kylie Mohr</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/2024s-biggest-conservation-wins-for-the-west/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-25T02:00:00-07:00">December 25, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-23T10:18:03-07:00">December 23, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>There were glimmers of good news across the region, from restored habitats to growing wildlife populations.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330274" class="post-330274 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-law tag-renewable-energy tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive tag-wind-energy entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/tribes-sue-after-massive-wind-farm-in-washington-gets-green-light/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/HorseHeavenHills-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/tribes-sue-after-massive-wind-farm-in-washington-gets-green-light/" rel="bookmark">Tribes sue after massive wind farm in Washington gets green light</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/natalia-mesa/">Natalia Mesa</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/tribes-sue-after-massive-wind-farm-in-washington-gets-green-light/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-20T02:00:00-07:00">December 20, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-19T19:51:16-07:00">December 19, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>The Yakama Nation contends that the project, which threatens ceremonial sites and wildlife habitat, is unlawful.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330207" class="post-330207 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-books tag-communities tag-interview tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-radical-act-of-sharing-native-literature/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot_2024-04-03_at_10.52.31_AM.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/articles/" rel="category tag">Articles</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-radical-act-of-sharing-native-literature/" rel="bookmark">The radical act of sharing Native literature</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/heather-hansman/">Heather Hansman</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-radical-act-of-sharing-native-literature/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-18T02:00:00-07:00">December 18, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-18T13:56:26-07:00">December 18, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>NDN Girls Books Club is more than a big pink truck full of free books.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-330192" class="post-330192 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-issues category-57-1 tag-agriculture tag-economy tag-features tag-indigenous-affairs tag-law tag-marijuana tag-nevada tag-oregon tag-tribes entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/legal-weed-entrepreneurs-promised-a-windfall-from-tribal-lands-then-it-fell-apart/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="Tribal elders and landscape (Aaron Nesheim); cannabis leaf (Roberto (Bear) Guerra); Travel Plaza fire (Jerry Tom); maps (USGS and Flickr); documents from author’s research." loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/up-smoke-57-01_1-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/57-1/" rel="category tag">January 2025: The West's Most Wanted</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/legal-weed-entrepreneurs-promised-a-windfall-from-tribal-lands-then-it-fell-apart/" rel="bookmark">Legal weed entrepreneurs promised a windfall from tribal lands. Then it fell apart.</a></h2> </header> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/judith-matloff/">Judith Matloff</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-1/legal-weed-entrepreneurs-promised-a-windfall-from-tribal-lands-then-it-fell-apart/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-17T05:00:00-07:00">December 17, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-20T12:38:13-07:00">December 20, 2024</time></a></span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>The Fort McDermitt Paiute-Shoshone are still picking up the pieces from the failed cannabis cultivation venture.</p> </div> </div> </article> <nav class="navigation pagination" aria-label="Posts pagination"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts pagination</h2> <div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/page/2/">2</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/page/3/">3</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">…</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/page/41/">41</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/tribes/page/2/"><span class="nav-next-text">Older posts</span> <svg class="svg-icon" width="22" height="22" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg></a></div> </nav> </main> <aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-before hook-before stick-to-top fixed-height'> </div> <section id="jetpack-search-filters-4" class="widget jetpack-filters widget_search"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-4-wrapper" class="jetpack-instant-search-wrapper"> <div class="jetpack-search-form"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-3"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-3" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> <input type="hidden" name="orderby" value="" /><input type="hidden" name="order" value="" /></form> </div></div></section><section id="block-35" class="widget widget_block"><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000" id="id_324185" data-segments="12178" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Support nonprofit news</h2> <p class="has-normal-font-size"><em>High Country News</em> relies on donations as well as subscription fees to produce independent reporting on the West. Help continue the legacy of reader-supported journalism by making a tax-deductible contribution today.</p> <div class="wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button" href="?view=donation-select&campaign_key=campaign-subscriber-1" style="color:#000000">Make a contribution</a></div> </div> <p><em>Find out more about how we use your contributions in our <a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/annual-reports/" data-type="page" data-id="179985" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">annual reports and filings</span></a>.</em></p> </div> </aside><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup newspack-lightbox-large-border " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fcc74c;color:#000" id="id_324182" data-segments="12156" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Subscribe to High Country News</h2> <p style="font-size:24px">Get access to on-the-ground reporting from across the West and support continued coverage of our region.</p> <button style="font-size:20px" class="pelcro-subscribe-button has-dark-gray-background-color has-background">Subscribe now</button> </div> </aside><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup newspack-lightbox-no-border " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fbbd4c;color:#000" id="id_324170" data-segments="12243" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <div class="wp-block-group is-style-default" style="padding-top:10px;padding-right:15px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:15px"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-size:30px">Read more Western reporting</h2> <p class="has-normal-font-size" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0">Subscribe to weekly email newsletters from <em>High Country News</em> for the best on-the-ground reporting from across the region.</p> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-default is-content-justification-left"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/topic/tribes/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-reader' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='sidebar-widget' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Name</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this);' value='Sign up' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme&styles={"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}&hash=a47377322fd00182a3e018e0c927fcef' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_7' value='iframe' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_theme' data-js='gform_theme_7' id='gform_theme_7' value='gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_style_settings' data-js='gform_style_settings_7' id='gform_style_settings_7' value='{"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=sidebar-widget&ac_tag=campaign-new-reader' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_3" name="ak_js" value="157"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/post_render', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div></div> </div></div> </div> </aside></section><section id="bs_zones-2" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="148159" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="block-13" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-border has-white-background-color has-background" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header">Most popular stories</h2> <p><div class="jetpack_top_posts_widget"><ul><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">In Montana, a new map flipped 12 red seats</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/life-lessons-from-a-coastal-wolf-pack/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">Life lessons from a coastal wolf pack</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/57-3/the-true-cost-of-the-huckleberry-industry/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">The true cost of the huckleberry industry</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/people-brace-for-impacts-on-land-water-and-wildlife-after-feds-fire-thousands-over-holiday-weekend/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">People brace for impacts on land, water and wildlife after feds fire thousands over holiday weekend</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/trumps-funding-cuts-leave-the-nation-vulnerable-to-catastrophic-wildfire/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">Trump’s funding cuts leave the nation vulnerable to catastrophic wildfire</a></li></ul></div></p> </div></div> </section><section id="block-14" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header has-white-color has-text-color">Featured Stories</h2> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles is-style-default wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-3 is-1 is-landscape is-style-default has-text-align-left" style="" > <style id="newspack-blocks-inline-css" type="text/css">.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-title{font-size: 1.2em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-meta{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;margin-top: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-meta{font-size: 0.8em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .avatar{height: 25px;width: 25px;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail{margin: 0;margin-bottom: 0.25em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail img{height: auto;width: 100%;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail figcaption{margin-bottom: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles p{margin: 0.5em 0;}</style> <div data-posts data-current-post-id="330192"> <article data-post-id="332019" class="tag-donald-trump tag-election2024 tag-endangered-species tag-montana-2 tag-politics tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="In Montana, a new map flipped 12 red seats" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/385419162_122103928268058438_628552023889292917_n-e1709849467350.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/in-montana-a-new-map-flipped-12-red-seats/" rel="bookmark">In Montana, a new map flipped 12 red seats</a></h2> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="331990" class="tag-alaska tag-coast tag-fish tag-scientific-research tag-web-exclusive tag-wildlife tag-wolves category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/life-lessons-from-a-coastal-wolf-pack/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Life lessons from a coastal wolf pack" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/F14AGE-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/life-lessons-from-a-coastal-wolf-pack/" rel="bookmark">Life lessons from a coastal wolf pack</a></h2> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="331859" class="tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-climate-desk tag-energy-industry tag-mining tag-monuments tag-mountain-west tag-national-park-service tag-natural-gas tag-oil tag-public-lands tag-recreation tag-u-s-forest-service tag-water tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/poll-finds-majority-of-westerners-support-climate-action-and-conservation/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Poll finds majority of Westerners support climate action and conservation" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/28363016080_278d38266c_o.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/poll-finds-majority-of-westerners-support-climate-action-and-conservation/" rel="bookmark">Poll finds majority of Westerners support climate action and conservation</a></h2> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div></div> </section><section id="bs_zones-3" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="151927" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="block-15" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-background" style="background-color:#fee0a4;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bdedc3c0bbd0a1a0b5aebc4f0ba075ac" style="color:#000000">The West in Perspective</h2> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles wpnbha ts-3 has-text-align-left" style="" > <div data-posts data-current-post-id="114286"> <article data-post-id="331849" class="tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-colorado tag-economy tag-endangered-species tag-labor tag-opinion tag-politics tag-pollution tag-u-s-environmental-protection-agency tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/finding-beauty-in-a-broken-world/" rel="bookmark">Finding beauty in a broken world</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/auden-schendler/">Auden Schendler</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="331401" class="tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-donald-trump tag-energy-industry tag-joe-biden tag-landline tag-perspective tag-public-lands tag-technology tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/ai-on-public-lands-and-bidens-environmental-legacy/" rel="bookmark">AI on public lands and Biden’s environmental legacy</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/jonathan-thompson/">Jonathan Thompson</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="331366" class="tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-communities tag-department-of-interior tag-donald-trump tag-indigenous-affairs tag-military tag-opinion tag-public-lands tag-tribes tag-u-s-forest-service tag-web-exclusive tag-wildlife category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/we-must-protect-our-sacred-lands/" rel="bookmark">We must protect our sacred lands</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/clark-tenakhongva/">Clark Tenakhongva</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div></div> </section><section id="block-28" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-edb311bb1e0eddd92a3eeb7a5b4b84dc"><a href="/about">About High Country News</a></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4b5e0a98546c104f9bd8336b7ce9ac3c"> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/our-history/timeline/" data-type="page" data-id="179738">Our history</a></li> <li><a href="/support/">How to support <em>HCN</em></a></li> <li><a href="/about/submissions/">Submissions</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </section> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-after hook-after stick-to-top fixed-height'> </div> </aside> </section> <div class="above-footer-widgets"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-16" class="above-footer widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66667%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:0">Know the West.</h2> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.333333%"> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-color has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button" href="/subscribe/?view=register&product_id=2071&plan_id=27792&coupon_code=FullTrial2&campaign_key=site_footer_label" style="border-radius:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)">Get 2 free issues ↓</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <aside class="widget-area footer-widgets" role="complementary" aria-label="Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-20" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"> <div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-borders is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33333%"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1200" height="907" src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-126066" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?w=1200&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=300%2C227&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C774&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=768%2C580&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=400%2C302&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66667%"> <p>119 Grand Avenue<br>PO Box 1090<br>Paonia, CO 81428<br><a href="tel:9705274898" data-type="tel" data-id="tel:9705274898">(970) 527-4898</a></p> </div> </div> <ul class="wp-block-social-links has-small-icon-size has-icon-color is-style-logos-only is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-twitter has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://twitter.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-tiktok has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M16.708 0.027c1.745-0.027 3.48-0.011 5.213-0.027 0.105 2.041 0.839 4.12 2.333 5.563 1.491 1.479 3.6 2.156 5.652 2.385v5.369c-1.923-0.063-3.855-0.463-5.6-1.291-0.76-0.344-1.468-0.787-2.161-1.24-0.009 3.896 0.016 7.787-0.025 11.667-0.104 1.864-0.719 3.719-1.803 5.255-1.744 2.557-4.771 4.224-7.88 4.276-1.907 0.109-3.812-0.411-5.437-1.369-2.693-1.588-4.588-4.495-4.864-7.615-0.032-0.667-0.043-1.333-0.016-1.984 0.24-2.537 1.495-4.964 3.443-6.615 2.208-1.923 5.301-2.839 8.197-2.297 0.027 1.975-0.052 3.948-0.052 5.923-1.323-0.428-2.869-0.308-4.025 0.495-0.844 0.547-1.485 1.385-1.819 2.333-0.276 0.676-0.197 1.427-0.181 2.145 0.317 2.188 2.421 4.027 4.667 3.828 1.489-0.016 2.916-0.88 3.692-2.145 0.251-0.443 0.532-0.896 0.547-1.417 0.131-2.385 0.079-4.76 0.095-7.145 0.011-5.375-0.016-10.735 0.025-16.093z" /></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">TikTok</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-youtube has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-linkedin has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/high-country-news" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-feed has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/rss" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M2,8.667V12c5.515,0,10,4.485,10,10h3.333C15.333,14.637,9.363,8.667,2,8.667z M2,2v3.333 c9.19,0,16.667,7.477,16.667,16.667H22C22,10.955,13.045,2,2,2z M4.5,17C3.118,17,2,18.12,2,19.5S3.118,22,4.5,22S7,20.88,7,19.5 S5.882,17,4.5,17z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">RSS Feed</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://hcn.org/contact/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-1-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu-1" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126113"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/">About us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-324285" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-324285"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/jobs/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126114" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126114"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/">Pitch us a story</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126115" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126115"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/fellowships/">Fellowships</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126116"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/edu/">Education</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-2-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu-2" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-331442" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-331442"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/newsletters/">Get email newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126117"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Support our work</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126118"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Advertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126119" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126119"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/syndication/">Syndication</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126120" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126120"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscriber-services/">Subscriber services</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"> <div class="wp-block-buttons footer-subscribe-form-heading is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-color has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button" href="/subscribe/?view=register&product_id=2071&plan_id=27792&coupon_code=FullTrial2&campaign_key=site_footer_label" style="border-radius:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)">Get 2 free issues ↓</a></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full" id="footer-subscribe-form"><img decoding="async" width="400" height="476" src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg" alt="Magazine cover: January 11, 2024: The Creatures in Our Midst" class="wp-image-321783" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?w=400&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?resize=252%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 252w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <p class="full-link"><a href="/subscribe/trial/?view=register&product_id=2071&plan_id=27792&coupon_code=FullTrial2&campaign_key=site_footer" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Sign up for a free trial</strong></a><strong> </strong>of <em>High Country News</em>. Learn what’s happening across the West today and see if becoming a subscriber is for you.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="site-info"> <aside class="widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Below Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-33" class="widget widget_block widget_text"> <p><a href="https://www.hcn.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.hcn.org/terms/">Terms of Use</a></p> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="wrapper site-info-contain"> <span class="copyright">© 2025 High Country News. All rights reserved</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://newspack.com/" class="imprint"> Powered by Newspack </a> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script data-cfasync='false'>window.broadstreetKeywords = ['not_home_page','not_landing_page','not_article_page'] window.broadstreetTargets = {"pagetype":["archive","not_home_page"],"category":[],"url":"legal-weed-entrepreneurs-promised-a-windfall-from-tribal-lands-then-it-fell-apart"}; window.broadstreet = window.broadstreet || { run: [] };window.broadstreet.run.push(function () { window.broadstreet.loadNetworkJS(8006, {}); });</script><script defer id="bilmur" data-provider="wpcloud" data-service="newspack" src="https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/bilmur.min.js?m=202509"></script> <div class="jetpack-instant-search__widget-area" style="display: none"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-3" class="widget jetpack-filters widget_search"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-3-wrapper" class="jetpack-instant-search-wrapper"> </div></div> </div> <script type="module"> import { Workbox } from "https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/pwa\/wp-includes\/js\/workbox-v7.3.0\/workbox-window.prod.js"; if ( 'serviceWorker' in navigator ) { window.wp = window.wp || {}; window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow = new Workbox( "https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp.serviceworker", {"scope":"\/"} ); window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow.register(); } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_basic-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/basic.min.css?ver=2.9.3"> <style id='gform_basic-inline-css'>.gform_body,.gform_footer{transition: opacity 200ms;}.amp-form-submitting .gform_body,.amp-form-submitting .gform_footer{opacity: 0.5;}.amp-form-submit-success .gform_body,.amp-form-submit-success .gform_footer{display: none !important;}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_theme_components-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/theme-components.min.css?ver=2.9.3"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_theme-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/theme.min.css?ver=2.9.3"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="jetpack-top-posts-widget-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/widgets/top-posts/style.css?ver=20141013"> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.css?ver=4.6.0' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'>.wp-elements-ff38e502546aa065418fcbe597b432c8 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#121212;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-elements-a4788405bd5595f1203811228390787a a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#121212;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:460px;margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 > .alignwide{max-width:460px;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(15px * -1);margin-left:calc(15px * -1);}.wp-elements-bdedc3c0bbd0a1a0b5aebc4f0ba075ac a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#000000;}.wp-elements-edb311bb1e0eddd92a3eeb7a5b4b84dc a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-elements-4b5e0a98546c104f9bd8336b7ce9ac3c a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8{flex-wrap:nowrap;}</style> <script id="custom-content-types-data-js-before"> var CUSTOM_CONTENT_TYPE__INITIAL_STATE; typeof CUSTOM_CONTENT_TYPE__INITIAL_STATE === "object" || (CUSTOM_CONTENT_TYPE__INITIAL_STATE = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent("%7B%22active%22%3Atrue%2C%22over_ride%22%3Afalse%2C%22should_show_testimonials%22%3Atrue%2C%22should_show_portfolios%22%3Atrue%7D"))); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.js?ver=3.3.2" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-js" defer></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/commons.js?ver=5.14.3" id="newspack_commons-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-reader-activation-js-extra"> var newspack_ras_config = {"auth_intention_cookie":"np_auth_intention","cid_cookie":"newspack-cid","is_logged_in":"","authenticated_email":"","otp_auth_action":"np_otp_auth","otp_rate_interval":"60","account_url":"","is_ras_enabled":""}; var newspack_reader_data = {"store_prefix":"np_reader_1_","is_temporary":"","reader_activity":[]}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-activation.js?ver=5.14.3" id="newspack-reader-activation-js" async data-wp-strategy="async" data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-reader-auth-js-extra"> var newspack_reader_activation_labels = {"title":"Sign in","invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address.","invalid_password":"Please enter a password.","invalid_display":"Display name cannot match your email address. Please choose a different display name.","blocked_popup":"The popup has been blocked. Allow popups for the site and try again.","code_sent":"Code sent! Check your inbox.","code_resent":"Code resent! Check your inbox.","create_account":"Create an account","signin":{"title":"Sign in","success_title":"Success! You\u2019re signed in.","success_message":"Login successful!","continue":"Continue","resend_code":"Resend code","otp":"Email me a one-time code instead","otp_title":"Enter the code sent to your email.","forgot_password":"Forgot password","create_account":"Create an account","register":"Sign in to an existing account","go_back":"Go back","set_password":"Set a password (optional)"},"register":{"title":"Create an account","success_title":"Success! Your account was created and you\u2019re signed in.","success_description":"In the future, you\u2019ll sign in with a magic link, or a code sent to your email. If you\u2019d rather use a password, you can set one below."},"verify":"Thank you for verifying your account!","magic_link":"Please check your inbox for an authentication link.","password_reset_interval":"Please wait a moment before requesting another password reset email.","account_link":{"signedin":"My Account","signedout":"Sign In"},"newsletters_cta":"Subscribe to our newsletter","newsletters_confirmation":"Thanks for supporting High Country News.","newsletters_continue":"Continue","newsletters_details":"Get the best of High Country News directly in your email inbox.","newsletters_success":"Signup successful!","newsletters_title":"Sign up for newsletters","auth_form_action":"reader-activation-auth-form"}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.js?ver=5.14.3" id="newspack-reader-auth-js" async data-wp-strategy="async" data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/newspack-ui.js?ver=5.14.3" id="newspack-ui-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js?ver=e87eb76272a3a08402d2" id="wp-url-js"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-criteria-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspackPopupsCriteria = {"is_non_preview_user":"","config":{"articles_read":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read"},"articles_read_in_session":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read_in_session"},"favorite_categories":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"favorite_categories"},"user_account":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"user_account"},"newsletter":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"newsletter"},"subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"not_subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"donation":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"donation"},"active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"not_active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"sources_to_match":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"},"sources_to_exclude":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"}}}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/criteria.js?ver=1734374647" id="newspack-popups-criteria-js" defer type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-view-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspack_popups_view = {"debug":"1","segments":{"12178":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"6"}},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"min":"3"}}],"priority":0},"12156":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"3","max":"6"}}],"priority":1},"12243":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":"2"}}],"priority":2},"10101":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_match","value":"google.com, bing.com, duckduckgo.com, yahoo.com"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":1}}],"priority":3},"12271":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":1}},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_match","value":"facebook.com, twitter.com, x.com, reddit.com, substack.com, beehiiv.com, t.co, threads.net, instagram.com, bsky.app, linkedin.com, pocket.com, flipboard.com"}],"priority":4},"12272":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_exclude","value":"google.com, bing.com, duckduckgo.com, yahoo.com"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":"1"}}],"priority":5}}}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.js?ver=1734374647" id="newspack-popups-view-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/build/i18n-loader.js?minify=true&ver=becd7d9884bc1b331e45" id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js" defer></script> <script id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> wp.jpI18nLoader.state = {"baseUrl":"https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/languages/","locale":"en_US","domainMap":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-assets":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-backup-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-blaze":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-core":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-compat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-config":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-connection":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-explat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-external-media":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-forms":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-image-cdn":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-import":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-ip":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-jitm":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-licensing":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-masterbar":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-my-jetpack":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-password-checker":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-plugins-installer":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-post-list":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-models":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-status":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-search-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats-admin":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-sync":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-waf":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-wordads":"plugins/jetpack","woocommerce-analytics":"plugins/jetpack"},"domainPaths":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-admin-ui/","jetpack-assets":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/","jetpack-backup-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-backup/","jetpack-blaze":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-blaze/","jetpack-boost-core":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-core/","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-speed-score/","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-classic-theme-helper/","jetpack-compat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-compat/","jetpack-config":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-config/","jetpack-connection":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-connection/","jetpack-explat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-explat/","jetpack-external-media":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-external-media/","jetpack-forms":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-forms/","jetpack-image-cdn":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-image-cdn/","jetpack-import":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-import/","jetpack-ip":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-ip/","jetpack-jitm":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-jitm/","jetpack-licensing":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-licensing/","jetpack-masterbar":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-masterbar/","jetpack-my-jetpack":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-my-jetpack/","jetpack-password-checker":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-password-checker/","jetpack-plugins-installer":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-plugins-installer/","jetpack-post-list":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-post-list/","jetpack-protect-models":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-models/","jetpack-protect-status":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-status/","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-publicize/","jetpack-search-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/","jetpack-stats":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats/","jetpack-stats-admin":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats-admin/","jetpack-sync":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-sync/","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-videopress/","jetpack-waf":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-waf/","jetpack-wordads":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-wordads/","woocommerce-analytics":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/woocommerce-analytics/"}}; </script> <script id="jetpack-instant-search-js-before"> var JetpackInstantSearchOptions=JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent("%7B%22overlayOptions%22%3A%7B%22colorTheme%22%3A%22light%22%2C%22enableInfScroll%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableFilteringOpensOverlay%22%3Atrue%2C%22enablePostDate%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableSort%22%3Atrue%2C%22highlightColor%22%3A%22%23FFC%22%2C%22overlayTrigger%22%3A%22submit%22%2C%22resultFormat%22%3A%22expanded%22%2C%22showPoweredBy%22%3Afalse%2C%22defaultSort%22%3A%22relevance%22%2C%22excludedPostTypes%22%3A%5B%22newspack_nl_list%22%2C%22newspack_nl_cpt%22%2C%22attachment%22%5D%7D%2C%22homeUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%22%2C%22locale%22%3A%22en-US%22%2C%22postsPerPage%22%3A20%2C%22siteId%22%3A229054741%2C%22postTypes%22%3A%7B%22post%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Post%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Posts%22%7D%2C%22page%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Page%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Pages%22%7D%2C%22attachment%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Media%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Media%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_cpt%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Newsletter%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Newsletters%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_list%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Subscription%20List%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Subscription%20Lists%22%7D%7D%2C%22webpackPublicPath%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fplugins%5C%2Fjetpack%5C%2Fjetpack_vendor%5C%2Fautomattic%5C%2Fjetpack-search%5C%2Fbuild%5C%2Finstant-search%5C%2F%22%2C%22isPhotonEnabled%22%3Atrue%2C%22isFreePlan%22%3Afalse%2C%22apiRoot%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%5C%2Fwp-json%5C%2F%22%2C%22apiNonce%22%3A%226e7865a4d7%22%2C%22isPrivateSite%22%3Afalse%2C%22isWpcom%22%3Afalse%2C%22hasOverlayWidgets%22%3Atrue%2C%22widgets%22%3A%5B%7B%22filters%22%3A%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22Post%20Types%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22post_type%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22post_type_0%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_cat%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_1%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_tag%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_2%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_shipping_class%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_3%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Categories%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22category%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_4%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Tags%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22post_tag%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_5%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Year%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22date_histogram%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22field%22%3A%22post_date%22%2C%22interval%22%3A%22year%22%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22date_histogram_6%22%7D%5D%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%7D%5D%2C%22widgetsOutsideOverlay%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22hasNonSearchWidgets%22%3Afalse%2C%22preventTrackingCookiesReset%22%3Afalse%7D")); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/build/instant-search/jp-search.js?minify=false&ver=749aa845a5ccb16bc8a6" id="jetpack-instant-search-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="//stats.wp.com/w.js?ver=202509" id="jp-tracks-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-parsely/build/loader.js?ver=b681bb9905652ac12735" id="wp-parsely-loader-js" defer></script> <script data-parsely-site="hcn.org" src="https://cdn.parsely.com/keys/hcn.org/p.js?ver=3.17.0" id="parsely-cfg" defer></script> <script id="newspack-amp-fallback-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback.js?ver=2.5.0" id="newspack-amp-fallback-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/menu-accessibility.js?ver=2.5.0" id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-font-loading-js-extra"> var newspackFontLoading = {"fonts":["GT America Standard","Tiempos Text"]}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/font-loading.js?ver=2.5.0" id="newspack-font-loading-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-amp-fallback-sponsors-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderTextSponsors = {"open_info":"Learn More","close_info":"Close"}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback-newspack-sponsors.js?ver=2.5.0" id="newspack-amp-fallback-sponsors-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js-before"> window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:"img[data-src],.perfmatters-lazy,.perfmatters-lazy-css-bg",thresholds:"0px 0px",class_loading:"pmloading",class_loaded:"pmloaded",callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"){if(element.classList.contains("pmloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}};window.addEventListener("LazyLoad::Initialized",function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;});function perfmattersLazyLoadYouTube(e){var t=document.createElement("iframe"),r="ID?";r+=0===e.dataset.query.length?"":e.dataset.query+"&",r+="autoplay=1",t.setAttribute("src",r.replace("ID",e.dataset.src)),t.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),t.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),t.setAttribute("allow","accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),e.replaceChild(t,e.firstChild)} </script> <script async src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/js/lazyload.min.js?ver=2.3.9" id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js"></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202509.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"229054741\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"-7\",\"srv\":\"www.hcn.org\",\"hp\":\"atomic\",\"ac\":\"6\",\"amp\":\"0\",\"j\":\"1:14.4-a.7\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "229054741", "0" ]); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=3156534cc54473497e14" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.9.3" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":0,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = []; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"b3e0941bbb106a4c8555c237016a4c8f","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"b3e0941bbb106a4c8555c237016a4c8f","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"b3e0941bbb106a4c8555c237016a4c8f","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; </script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.9.3" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/placeholders.jquery.min.js?ver=2.9.3" id="gform_placeholder-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=501a987060f4426fb517400c73c7fc1e" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=ddd2702ee024d421149a5e61416f1ff5" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"b3e0941bbb106a4c8555c237016a4c8f"},"ajax":{"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","ajax_submission_nonce":"d26206448e","i18n":{"step_announcement":"Step %1$s of %2$s, %3$s","unknown_error":"There was an unknown error processing your request. Please try again."}}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/","config_nonce":"054e3f5820"}; </script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=cd31c16637eeae0b20e422009e5a8b28" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script id="wp-ajax-response-js-extra"> var wpAjax = {"noPerm":"Sorry, you are not allowed to do that.","broken":"Something went wrong."}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/wp-ajax-response.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="wp-ajax-response-js"></script> <script id="gforms_google_analytics_frontend-js-before"> var gforms_google_analytics_frontend_strings = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"14257f2de3","logging_enabled":false,"logging_nonce":"d41390cf59","ua_tracker":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityformsgoogleanalytics/js/google-analytics.min.js?ver=2.3.0" id="gforms_google_analytics_frontend-js" defer></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.js?ver=592020a10b4ff0d8d3fd" id="newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <script> var newspackPopupsData = {"329653":{"prompt_id":329653,"prompt_title":"New non-search newsletter sign up","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"bottom","action_type":"undefined"},"329640":{"prompt_id":329640,"prompt_title":"New search newsletter sign up","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"bottom","action_type":"undefined"},"324185":{"prompt_id":324185,"prompt_title":"Donation CTA","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"},"324182":{"prompt_id":324182,"prompt_title":"Subscription CTA","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"},"324170":{"prompt_id":324170,"prompt_title":"New reader sign up","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"}}; </script> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 7) {if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ) } ); </script> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: 1 } } ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/post_render', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); </script> <script id="perfmatters-delayed-scripts-js">const pmDelayClick=false;const pmDelayTimer=setTimeout(pmTriggerDOMListener,10*1000);const pmUserInteractions=["keydown","mousedown","mousemove","wheel","touchmove","touchstart","touchend"],pmDelayedScripts={normal:[],defer:[],async:[]},jQueriesArray=[],pmInterceptedClicks=[];var pmDOMLoaded=!1,pmClickTarget="";function pmTriggerDOMListener(){"undefined"!=typeof pmDelayTimer&&clearTimeout(pmDelayTimer),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.removeEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",pmTriggerDelayedScripts):pmTriggerDelayedScripts()}async function pmTriggerDelayedScripts(){pmDelayEventListeners(),pmDelayJQueryReady(),pmSortDelayedScripts(),pmPreloadDelayedScripts(),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.normal),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.defer),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.async),await pmTriggerEventListeners(),document.querySelectorAll("link[data-pmdelayedstyle]").forEach(function(e){e.setAttribute("href",e.getAttribute("data-pmdelayedstyle"))}),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-allScriptsLoaded")),pmWaitForPendingClicks().then(()=>{pmReplayClicks()})}function pmDelayEventListeners(){let e={};function t(t,n){function r(n){return e[t].delayedEvents.indexOf(n)>=0?"perfmatters-"+n:n}e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},delayedEvents:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)}),e[t].delayedEvents.push(n)}function n(e,t){let n=e[t];Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:n||function(){},set:function(n){e["perfmatters"+t]=n}})}t(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"load"),t(window,"pageshow"),t(document,"readystatechange"),n(document,"onreadystatechange"),n(window,"onload"),n(window,"onpageshow")}function pmDelayJQueryReady(){let e=window.jQuery;Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>e,set(t){if(t&&t.fn&&!jQueriesArray.includes(t)){t.fn.ready=t.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(e){pmDOMLoaded?e.bind(document)(t):document.addEventListener("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded",function(){e.bind(document)(t)})};let n=t.fn.on;t.fn.on=t.fn.init.prototype.on=function(){if(this[0]===window){function e(e){return e=(e=(e=e.split(" ")).map(function(e){return"load"===e||0===e.indexOf("load.")?"perfmatters-jquery-load":e})).join(" ")}"string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=e(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach(function(t){delete Object.assign(arguments[0],{[e(t)]:arguments[0][t]})[t]})}return n.apply(this,arguments),this},jQueriesArray.push(t)}e=t}})}function pmSortDelayedScripts(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=pmdelayedscript]").forEach(function(e){e.hasAttribute("src")?e.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==e.defer?pmDelayedScripts.defer.push(e):e.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==e.async?pmDelayedScripts.async.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e)})}function pmPreloadDelayedScripts(){var e=document.createDocumentFragment();[...pmDelayedScripts.normal,...pmDelayedScripts.defer,...pmDelayedScripts.async].forEach(function(t){var n=t.getAttribute("src");if(n){var r=document.createElement("link");r.href=n,"module"==t.getAttribute("data-perfmatters-type")?r.rel="modulepreload":(r.rel="preload",r.as="script"),e.appendChild(r)}}),document.head.appendChild(e)}async function pmLoadDelayedScripts(e){var t=e.shift();return t?(await pmReplaceScript(t),pmLoadDelayedScripts(e)):Promise.resolve()}async function pmReplaceScript(e){return await pmNextFrame(),new Promise(function(t){let n=document.createElement("script");[...e.attributes].forEach(function(e){let t=e.nodeName;"type"!==t&&("data-perfmatters-type"===t&&(t="type"),n.setAttribute(t,e.nodeValue))}),e.hasAttribute("src")?(n.addEventListener("load",t),n.addEventListener("error",t)):(n.text=e.text,t()),e.parentNode.replaceChild(n,e)})}async function pmTriggerEventListeners(){pmDOMLoaded=!0,await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-readystatechange")),await pmNextFrame(),document.perfmattersonreadystatechange&&document.perfmattersonreadystatechange(),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-load")),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonload&&window.perfmattersonload(),await pmNextFrame(),jQueriesArray.forEach(function(e){e(window).trigger("perfmatters-jquery-load")});let e=new Event("perfmatters-pageshow");e.persisted=window.pmPersisted,window.dispatchEvent(e),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonpageshow&&window.perfmattersonpageshow({persisted:window.pmPersisted})}async function pmNextFrame(){return new Promise(function(e){requestAnimationFrame(e)})}function pmReplayClicks(){window.removeEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler),pmInterceptedClicks.forEach(e=>{e.target.outerHTML===pmClickTarget&&e.target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click",{view:e.view,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))})}function pmWaitForPendingClicks(){return new Promise(e=>{window.pmIsClickPending?pmPendingClickFinished=e:e()})}function pmPendingClickStarted(){window.pmIsClickPending=!0}function pmPendingClickFinished(){window.pmIsClickPending=!1}function pmClickHandler(e){e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmInterceptedClicks.push(e),e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),e.stopImmediatePropagation(),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchStartHandler(e){"HTML"!==e.target.tagName&&(pmClickTarget||(pmClickTarget=e.target.outerHTML),window.addEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.addEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"onclick","pm-onclick"),pmPendingClickStarted())}function pmTouchMoveHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchEndHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler)}function pmRenameDOMAttribute(e,t,n){e.hasAttribute&&e.hasAttribute(t)&&(event.target.setAttribute(n,event.target.getAttribute(t)),event.target.removeAttribute(t))}window.pmIsClickPending=!1,window.addEventListener("pageshow",e=>{window.pmPersisted=e.persisted}),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.addEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),pmDelayClick&&(window.addEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler)),document.addEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener);</script></body> </html>