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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/daniel/7.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/daniel/7.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Daniel said: &#8220In my vision at night I looked, and there before me were the four winds of heaven churning up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/daniel/7.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />In my vision that night, I, Daniel, saw a great storm churning the surface of a great sea, with strong winds blowing from every direction.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/daniel/7.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Daniel declared, “I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/daniel/7.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Daniel declared: “In my vision in the night I looked, and suddenly the four winds of heaven were churning up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/daniel/7.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/daniel/7.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Daniel spoke, saying, “I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the Great Sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/daniel/7.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Daniel said, “I was looking in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/daniel/7.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Daniel said, &#8220I was looking in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/daniel/7.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Daniel said, “I was looking in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/daniel/7.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Daniel answered and said, “I was looking in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/daniel/7.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Daniel said, “I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the great sea (the nations).<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/daniel/7.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Daniel said, “In my vision at night I was watching, and suddenly the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/daniel/7.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Daniel said, &#8220In my vision at night I was watching, and suddenly the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/daniel/7.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of heaven brake forth upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/daniel/7.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven brake forth upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/daniel/7.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />In my visions at night I, Daniel, saw the four winds of heaven stirring up the Mediterranean Sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/daniel/7.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />of what I saw that night: Winds were blowing from all directions and lashing the surface of the ocean. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/daniel/7.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Daniel said, "I observed the vision during the night. Look! The four winds of the skies were stirring up the Mediterranean Sea. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/daniel/7.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Daniel declared: ?In my vision in the night I looked, and suddenly the four winds of heaven were churning up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/daniel/7.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Daniel explained: "I was watching in my vision during the night as the four winds of the sky were stirring up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/daniel/7.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Daniel spoke and said, "I saw in my vision by night, and, look, the four winds of the sky broke forth on the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/daniel/7.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Daniel spoke and said, I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven strove upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/daniel/7.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Daniel spoke and said, “I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the sky broke out on the great sea. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/daniel/7.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />Daniel has answered and said, “I was seeing in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of the heavens are coming forth to the Great Sea;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/daniel/7.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> Answered hath Daniel and said, 'I was seeing in my vision by night, and lo, the four winds of the heavens are coming forth to the great sea;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/daniel/7.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Daniel answered and said, I was seeing in my vision by night, and lo, the four winds of the heavens rushing forth to the great sea.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/daniel/7.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />I saw in my vision by night, and behold the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/daniel/7.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />I saw in my vision at night, and behold, the four winds of the heavens fought upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/daniel/7.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />In the vision I saw during the night, suddenly the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/daniel/7.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />I, Daniel, saw in my vision by night the four winds of heaven stirring up the great sea,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/daniel/7.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Daniel spoke and said, I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/daniel/7.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Daniel answered and said: “I was seeing in a vision of the night, and, behold, the four Spirits of Heaven stirred up the Great Sea<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/daniel/7.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Daniel spoke and said: I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven broke forth upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/daniel/7.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />I Daniel beheld, and, lo, the four winds of heaven blew violently upon the great sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/daniel/7-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/shUZJK-vYxI?start=2458" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/daniel/7.htm">Daniel's Vision of the Four Beasts</a></span><br><span class="reftext">1</span>In the first year of the reign of Belshazzar over Babylon, Daniel had a dream, and visions passed through his mind as he lay on his bed. He wrote down the dream, and this is the summary of his account. <span class="reftext">2</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1841.htm" title="1841: ḏā·nî·yêl (N-proper-ms) -- God is my judge, an Isr. leader in Bab. (Aramaic) corresponding to Daniye'l; Danijel, the Heb. Prophet.">Daniel</a> <a href="/hebrew/560.htm" title="560: wə·’ā·mar (Conj-w:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To say, tell, command. (Aramaic) corresponding to 'amar."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6032.htm" title="6032: ‘ā·nêh (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To answer. (Aramaic) corresponding to anah.">declared:</a> <a href="/hebrew/2376.htm" title="2376: bə·ḥez·wî (Prep-b:: N-msc:: 1cs) -- Vision, appearance. (Aramaic) from chaza'; a sight.">“In my vision</a> <a href="/hebrew/5974.htm" title="5974: ‘im- (Prep) -- With. (Aramaic) corresponding to im.">in</a> <a href="/hebrew/3916.htm" title="3916: lê·lə·yā (N-msd) -- Night. (Aramaic) corresponding to La'el.">the night</a> <a href="/hebrew/1934.htm" title="1934: hă·wêṯ (V-Qal-Perf-1cs) -- To become, come to pass, be. ">I</a> <a href="/hebrew/2370.htm" title="2370: ḥā·zêh (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- See, behold. (Aramaic) or chazah (Aramaic); corresponding to chazah; to gaze upon; mentally to dream, be usual (i.e. Seem).">looked,</a> <a href="/hebrew/718.htm" title="718: wa·’ă·rū (Conj-w:: Interjection) -- Lo! (Aramaic) probably akin to 'aluw; lo!">and suddenly</a> <a href="/hebrew/703.htm" title="703: ’ar·ba‘ (Number-fs) -- Four. (Aramaic) corresponding to arba'.">the four</a> <a href="/hebrew/7308.htm" title="7308: rū·ḥê (N-cpc) -- Wind, spirit. (Aramaic) corresponding to ruwach.">winds</a> <a href="/hebrew/8065.htm" title="8065: šə·may·yā (N-mdd) -- Heavens. (Aramaic) corresponding to shamayim.">of heaven</a> <a href="/hebrew/1519.htm" title="1519: mə·ḡî·ḥān (V-Hifil-Prtcpl-fp) -- To break forth. (Aramaic) or (shortened) guwach (Aramaic); corresponding to giyach; to rush forth.">were churning up</a> <a href="/hebrew/7229.htm" title="7229: rab·bā (Adj-msd) -- Great. (Aramaic) corresponding to rab.">the great</a> <a href="/hebrew/3221.htm" title="3221: lə·yam·mā (Prep-l:: N-msd) -- Sea. (Aramaic) corresponding to yam.">sea.</a> </span><span class="reftext">3</span>Then four great beasts came up out of the sea, each one different from the others:…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/13-1.htm">Revelation 13:1</a></span><br />Then I saw a beast with ten horns and seven heads rising out of the sea. There were ten royal crowns on its horns and blasphemous names on its heads.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Revelation 17:8</a></span><br />The beast that you saw—it was, and now is no more, but is about to come up out of the Abyss and go to its destruction. And those who dwell on the earth whose names were not written in the Book of Life from the foundation of the world will marvel when they see the beast that was, and is not, and yet will be.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/17-15.htm">Revelation 17:15</a></span><br />Then the angel said to me, “The waters you saw, where the prostitute was seated, are peoples and multitudes and nations and tongues.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/11-7.htm">Revelation 11:7</a></span><br />When the two witnesses have finished their testimony, the beast that comes up from the Abyss will wage war with them, and will overpower and kill them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/12-3.htm">Revelation 12:3</a></span><br />Then another sign appeared in heaven: a huge red dragon with seven heads, ten horns, and seven royal crowns on his heads.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/12-17.htm">Revelation 12:17</a></span><br />And the dragon was enraged at the woman and went to make war with the rest of her children, who keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony of Jesus. And the dragon stood on the shore of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/19-19.htm">Revelation 19:19-21</a></span><br />Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies assembled to wage war against the One seated on the horse, and against His army. / But the beast was captured along with the false prophet, who on its behalf had performed signs deceiving those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. Both the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. / And the rest were killed with the sword that proceeded from the mouth of the One seated on the horse. And all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/20-8.htm">Revelation 20:8</a></span><br />and will go out to deceive the nations in the four corners of the earth—Gog and Magog—to assemble them for battle. Their number is like the sand of the seashore.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/24-15.htm">Matthew 24:15</a></span><br />So when you see standing in the holy place ‘the abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand),<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/13-14.htm">Mark 13:14</a></span><br />So when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/21-25.htm">Luke 21:25</a></span><br />There will be signs in the sun and moon and stars, and on the earth dismay among the nations, bewildered by the roaring of the sea and the surging of the waves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/17-12.htm">Isaiah 17:12-13</a></span><br />Alas, the tumult of many peoples; they rage like the roaring seas and clamoring nations; they rumble like the crashing of mighty waters. / The nations rage like the rush of many waters. He rebukes them, and they flee far away, driven before the wind like chaff on the hills, like tumbleweeds before a gale.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/57-20.htm">Isaiah 57:20</a></span><br />But the wicked are like the storm-tossed sea, for it cannot be still, and its waves churn up mire and muck.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/46-7.htm">Jeremiah 46:7-8</a></span><br />Who is this, rising like the Nile, like rivers whose waters churn? / Egypt rises like the Nile, and its waters churn like rivers, boasting, ‘I will rise and cover the earth; I will destroy the cities and their people.’<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/51-42.htm">Jeremiah 51:42</a></span><br />The sea has come up over Babylon; she is covered in turbulent waves.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Daniel spoke and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven strove on the great sea.</p><p class="hdg">the four.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/7-1.htm">Revelation 7:1</a></b></br> And after these things I saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, holding the four winds of the earth, that the wind should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree.</p><p class="hdg">the great.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/17-15.htm">Revelation 17:15</a></b></br> And he saith unto me, The waters which thou sawest, where the whore sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/daniel/6-24.htm">Brake</a> <a href="/daniel/6-24.htm">Broke</a> <a href="/proverbs/30-33.htm">Churning</a> <a href="/daniel/7-1.htm">Daniel</a> <a href="/daniel/5-5.htm">Forth</a> <a href="/daniel/3-25.htm">Four</a> <a href="/daniel/6-25.htm">Great</a> <a href="/daniel/6-27.htm">Heaven</a> <a href="/ezekiel/16-26.htm">Moving</a> <a href="/daniel/6-18.htm">Night</a> <a href="/ezekiel/48-28.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/daniel/5-21.htm">Sky</a> <a href="/ezekiel/23-22.htm">Stirring</a> <a href="/jeremiah/50-24.htm">Strove</a> <a href="/ezekiel/36-18.htm">Violently</a> <a href="/daniel/4-20.htm">Vision</a> <a href="/ezekiel/37-9.htm">Winds</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/daniel/7-19.htm">Brake</a> <a href="/daniel/7-7.htm">Broke</a> <a href="/habakkuk/3-15.htm">Churning</a> <a href="/daniel/7-15.htm">Daniel</a> <a href="/daniel/7-10.htm">Forth</a> <a href="/daniel/7-3.htm">Four</a> <a href="/daniel/7-3.htm">Great</a> <a href="/daniel/7-13.htm">Heaven</a> <a href="/habakkuk/2-3.htm">Moving</a> <a href="/daniel/7-7.htm">Night</a> <a href="/daniel/7-3.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/daniel/7-13.htm">Sky</a> <a href="/hosea/7-4.htm">Stirring</a> <a href="/hosea/12-3.htm">Strove</a> <a href="/micah/2-2.htm">Violently</a> <a href="/daniel/7-13.htm">Vision</a> <a href="/daniel/8-8.htm">Winds</a><div class="vheading2">Daniel 7</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/daniel/7-1.htm">Daniel's vision of the four beasts,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/daniel/7-9.htm">and of God's kingdom.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/daniel/7-15.htm">The interpretation thereof.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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His declarations are considered authoritative and divinely inspired. This phrase introduces a vision, a common method through which God communicated with His prophets. Daniel's role as a prophet is significant, as he serves as a mouthpiece for God's revelations during a tumultuous period in Israel's history.<p><b>In my vision in the night I looked,</b><br>Visions in the night often indicate divine revelation, as seen in other biblical accounts such as those of Joseph and Jacob. Night visions suggest a supernatural encounter, distinct from dreams, and are often used to convey messages of future events. Daniel's visions are apocalyptic, revealing God's sovereignty over history and future kingdoms.<p><b>and suddenly the four winds of heaven</b><br>The four winds symbolize God's sovereign power over the entire earth, as they come from all directions. This imagery is used elsewhere in Scripture, such as in <a href="/jeremiah/49-36.htm">Jeremiah 49:36</a> and <a href="/revelation/7.htm">Revelation 7:1</a>, to denote God's control over nations and events. The suddenness emphasizes the unexpected and divine nature of the events about to unfold.<p><b>were churning up the great sea.</b><br>The great sea often represents chaos and the nations of the world in biblical literature. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the sea was seen as a symbol of disorder and danger. The churning indicates turmoil and upheaval, setting the stage for the emergence of the four beasts, which represent successive empires. This imagery connects to other prophetic literature, such as <a href="/revelation/13.htm">Revelation 13</a>, where the sea also symbolizes the origin of worldly powers opposed to God.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/d/daniel.htm">Daniel</a></b><br>A prophet and a key figure in the Old Testament, known for his faithfulness to God and his ability to interpret dreams and visions.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/f/four_winds_of_heaven.htm">Four Winds of Heaven</a></b><br>Symbolic of divine forces or powers that influence the earth. In biblical literature, winds often represent God's sovereign control over the world.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_great_sea.htm">The Great Sea</a></b><br>Typically understood as the Mediterranean Sea, but symbolically it can represent the chaotic and tumultuous nations of the world.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/v/vision_in_the_night.htm">Vision in the Night</a></b><br>A divine revelation given to Daniel, often associated with dreams that convey God's messages.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/c/churning.htm">Churning</a></b><br>Represents turmoil and upheaval, often used to describe the stirring of nations or significant changes in the world order.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_nations.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Nations</a></b><br>The vision of the four winds churning the Great Sea illustrates God's ultimate control over the rise and fall of nations. Believers can find comfort in knowing that world events are under divine authority.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_unpredictability_of_world_events.htm">The Unpredictability of World Events</a></b><br>Just as the sea is unpredictable and tumultuous, so are the affairs of nations. Christians are called to trust in God's plan amidst global uncertainties.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_prophetic_visions.htm">The Role of Prophetic Visions</a></b><br>Daniel's vision serves as a reminder of the importance of prophecy in understanding God's plans. Believers should study and seek wisdom from prophetic scriptures to gain insight into God's workings.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/faithfulness_in_uncertain_times.htm">Faithfulness in Uncertain Times</a></b><br>Daniel's example encourages believers to remain faithful and steadfast in their faith, even when faced with visions of chaos and upheaval.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/p/preparation_for_spiritual_battles.htm">Preparation for Spiritual Battles</a></b><br>The churning sea can symbolize spiritual battles. Christians are called to be spiritually prepared, putting on the full armor of God to stand firm against the forces of chaos.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_daniel_7.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Daniel 7</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_to_verify_daniel_7_beasts_as_empires.htm">In Daniel 7:2–7, each beast represents a different kingdom—how can we verify these symbolic empires through reliable archaeological or historical records? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_defines_apocalyptic_literature.htm">What defines apocalyptic literature?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_are_the_four_winds_in_the_bible.htm">What are the Four Winds in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_tekoa's_biblical_significance.htm">Who is the author of the Book of Daniel?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/daniel/7.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) <span class= "bld">The great sea.--</span>In general (<span class= "ital">e.g.,</span> <a href="/joshua/15-47.htm" title="Ashdod with her towns and her villages, Gaza with her towns and her villages, to the river of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border thereof:">Joshua 15:47</a>), these words imply the Mediterranean. Such cannot be the meaning here, so that according to <a href="/daniel/7-17.htm" title="These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth.">Daniel 7:17</a> we are justified in explaining the "sea" to mean the nations of the world, which are compared to the sea (<a href="/isaiah/27-1.htm" title="In that day the LORD with his sore and great and strong sword shall punish leviathan the piercing serpent, even leviathan that crooked serpent; and he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea.">Isaiah 27:1</a>; <a href="/psalms/46-3.htm" title="Though the waters thereof roar and be troubled, though the mountains shake with the swelling thereof. Selah.">Psalm 46:3</a>). The raging of the winds from the four quarters of the sky points to the various political and social agitations which disturb the world's history, and lead to the changes and revolutions which mark its progress as it tends towards the end.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/daniel/7.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 2.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea</span>. The Septuagint omits the introductory clause, and renders, "On my couch I saw in my night-sleep, and, behold, the four winds of heaven fell upon the great sea." Theodotion, like the LXX., omits the introductory clause, and renders, "I Daniel beheld, and, lo, the four winds of the heaven rushed upon (<span class="greek">προσέβαλον</span>) the great sea." The Peshitta seems as if transferred from the Massoretic text, the resemblance is so close. The variations in the Greek Version may be due to condensation of a fuller narrative. The verb translated "strove" in our Authorized Version is better rendered, as in the Revised, "brake forth upon." Luther's version is, "sturmeten wider einander." This, like the Authorized Version, seems to be the result of the Vulgate <span class="accented">pugnabant.</span> The only objection to this is that it ought to be followed by a preposition (Bevan). The translation suggested by Levy, "stirred up," appears still better. The sea referred to is naturally to be taken as the Mediterranean; it is "the great sea" of the prophets (<a href="/ezekiel/47-10.htm">Ezekiel 47:10</a>). Jerusalem is not so far from the sea but that Daniel might have seen it in his boyhood. The symbolic meaning of the sea is the mass of heathen nations (<a href="/psalms/65-7.htm">Psalm 65:7</a>). The "four winds of heaven" usually stand for the points of the compass (<a href="/jeremiah/49-34.htm">Jeremiah 49:34</a>). Here, however, the winds are pictured as actual forces dashing down upon the sea, and stirring it up to its depths. It may be objected that this is an impossible picture. It might be replied that Virgil, in the first book of the 'AEneid,' 84-86, and Milton, in 'Paradise Regained,' has the same thing. Daniel has more freedom, for he narrates a vision, and, further, to him the winds (<span class="accented">rucheen</span>) were under the guidance of angels. Hitzig denies that the winds can be <span class="accented">angelicae potestates</span>, as Jerome maintains; and, when Jerome supports his position by a quotation from the Septuagint Version of <a href="/deuteronomy/32-8.htm">Deuteronomy 32:8</a>, gives as answer a mark of exclamation. The passage, "He set the nations according to the number of the angels of God," represents a phase of thought in regard to angelology, which Daniel elsewhere obviously has. The double meaning of the word <span class="accented">ruach</span> made the transition easy. We see the same double meaning in <a href="/zechariah/6-5.htm">Zechariah 6:5</a>. The sea, then, is to be regarded as the great mass of Gentile nations, and the winds are, therefore, the spiritual agencies by which God carries on the history of the world. As there are four winds, there are also four empires. There are angelic princes of at least two of these empires referred to later. May we not argue that these empires had, according to the thought of Daniel, each an angelic head? It may be doubted whether the most advanced critics know more of angelology than Daniel, or can be certain that his view was a mistaken one. Moreover, the Mediterranean Sea was the centre round which the epic of history, as revealed to Daniel, unfolded itself. Nebuchadnezzar marched along the eastern shores of that midland sea; the Persian monarchs essayed to command it by their fleets; across a branch of that sea came Alexander; and from yet further across its blue waters came the Romans. The Mediterranean saw most of the history transacted that took place between the time of Daniel and that of our Lord. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/daniel/7-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Daniel</span><br /><span class="heb">דָנִיֵּאל֙</span> <span class="translit">(ḏā·nî·yêl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1841.htm">Strong's 1841: </a> </span><span class="str2">Daniel -- 'God is my judge', an Israelite leader in Babylon</span><br /><br /><span class="word">declared:</span><br /><span class="heb">עָנֵ֤ה</span> <span class="translit">(‘ā·nêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6032.htm">Strong's 6032: </a> </span><span class="str2">To answer</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“In my vision</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּחֶזְוִ֖י</span> <span class="translit">(bə·ḥez·wî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2376.htm">Strong's 2376: </a> </span><span class="str2">Vision, appearance</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in</span><br /><span class="heb">עִם־</span> <span class="translit">(‘im-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5974.htm">Strong's 5974: </a> </span><span class="str2">With, equally with</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the night</span><br /><span class="heb">לֵֽילְיָ֑א</span> <span class="translit">(lê·lə·yā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular determinate<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3916.htm">Strong's 3916: </a> </span><span class="str2">Night</span><br /><br /><span class="word">I</span><br /><span class="heb">הֲוֵ֛ית</span> <span class="translit">(hă·wêṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1934.htm">Strong's 1934: </a> </span><span class="str2">To become, come to pass, be</span><br /><br /><span class="word">looked,</span><br /><span class="heb">חָזֵ֥ה</span> <span class="translit">(ḥā·zêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2370.htm">Strong's 2370: </a> </span><span class="str2">To gaze upon, mentally to dream, be usual</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and suddenly</span><br /><span class="heb">וַאֲר֗וּ</span> <span class="translit">(wa·’ă·rū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Interjection<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_718.htm">Strong's 718: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lo!</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the four</span><br /><span class="heb">אַרְבַּע֙</span> <span class="translit">(’ar·ba‘)</span><br /><span class="parse">Number - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_703.htm">Strong's 703: </a> </span><span class="str2">Four</span><br /><br /><span class="word">winds</span><br /><span class="heb">רוּחֵ֣י</span> <span class="translit">(rū·ḥê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - common plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7308.htm">Strong's 7308: </a> </span><span class="str2">Wind, breath, exhalation, life, anger, unsubstantiality, a region of the sky, spirit</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of heaven</span><br /><span class="heb">שְׁמַיָּ֔א</span> <span class="translit">(šə·may·yā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - mdd<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8065.htm">Strong's 8065: </a> </span><span class="str2">The sky</span><br /><br /><span class="word">were churning up</span><br /><span class="heb">מְגִיחָ֖ן</span> <span class="translit">(mə·ḡî·ḥān)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hifil - Participle - feminine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1519.htm">Strong's 1519: </a> </span><span class="str2">To break forth</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Great</span><br /><span class="heb">רַבָּֽא׃</span> <span class="translit">(rab·bā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - masculine singular determinate<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7229.htm">Strong's 7229: </a> </span><span class="str2">Abundant </span><br /><br /><span class="word">Sea.</span><br /><span class="heb">לְיַמָּ֥א</span> <span class="translit">(lə·yam·mā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular determinate<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3221.htm">Strong's 3221: </a> </span><span class="str2">A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/daniel/7-2.htm">Daniel 7:2 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/daniel/7-2.htm">OT Prophets: Daniel 7:2 Daniel spoke and said I saw (Dan. Da Dn) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/daniel/7-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Daniel 7:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Daniel 7:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/daniel/7-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Daniel 7:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Daniel 7:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>