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class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Ion" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Ion" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Ion" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Ion" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah_penemuan_ion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah_penemuan_ion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah penemuan ion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah_penemuan_ion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karakteristik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karakteristik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Karakteristik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Karakteristik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anion_dan_kation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anion_dan_kation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Anion dan kation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anion_dan_kation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keterjadian_alami" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keterjadian_alami"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Keterjadian alami</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keterjadian_alami-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknologi_terkait" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknologi_terkait"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Teknologi terkait</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Teknologi_terkait-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Teknologi terkait</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Teknologi_terkait-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deteksi_radiasi_pengion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deteksi_radiasi_pengion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Deteksi radiasi pengion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deteksi_radiasi_pengion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kimia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kimia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kimia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kimia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Kimia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kimia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Notasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Penulisan_muatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penulisan_muatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Penulisan muatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penulisan_muatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sub-klas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sub-klas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Sub-klas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sub-klas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pembentukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembentukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Pembentukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembentukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pembentukan_ion_monoatomik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembentukan_ion_monoatomik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Pembentukan ion monoatomik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembentukan_ion_monoatomik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pembentukan_ion_poliatomik_dan_molekular" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembentukan_ion_poliatomik_dan_molekular"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Pembentukan ion poliatomik dan molekular</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembentukan_ion_poliatomik_dan_molekular-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Potensial_ionisasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potensial_ionisasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Potensial ionisasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potensial_ionisasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikatan_ionik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikatan_ionik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Ikatan ionik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikatan_ionik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ion-ion_umum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ion-ion_umum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Ion-ion umum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ion-ion_umum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ion</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 120 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-120" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">120 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioon" title="Ioon – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ioon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="أيون – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0on" title="İon – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="یون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyono" title="Iyono – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Iyono" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Іон – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Іён – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Іён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Йон – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="আয়ন – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আয়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3_(%C3%A0tom)" title="Ió (àtom) – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ió (àtom)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AA-c%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Liê-cṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liê-cṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_(pisika)" title="Ion (pisika) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ion (pisika)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86" title="ئایۆن – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئایۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Fon" title="Ïon – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ïon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD" title="Ιόν – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιόν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jono" title="Jono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioon" title="Ioon – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioi" title="Ioi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ioi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="یون – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioni" title="Ioni – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ioni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3n_(evnafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i)" title="Jón (evnafrøði) – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jón (evnafrøði)" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian" title="Ian – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ian" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3n" title="Ión – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eeane" title="Eeane – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Eeane" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F" title="יון – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="आयन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyon" title="Iyon – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Iyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Իոն – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iono" title="Iono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Iono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3n_(efnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Jón (efnafræði) – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jón (efnafræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ione" title="Ione – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="イオン (化学) – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イオン (化学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="იონი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81" title="ಅಯಾನು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಯಾನು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A8" title="이온 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이온" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eyon" title="Îyon – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îyon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Иондор – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Иондор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun" title="Jun – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Jun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonas_(dalel%C4%97)" title="Jonas (dalelė) – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jonas (dalelė)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jons" title="Jons – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio" title="Rio – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rio" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јон – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="അയോൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അയോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="आयन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आयन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="အိုင်ယွန် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုင်ယွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="आयन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आयन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_(deeltje)" title="Ion (deeltje) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ion (deeltje)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ione" title="Ione – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Ione" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayoonii" title="Ayoonii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ayoonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8" title="ਆਇਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਇਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon" title="Jon – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D9%86" title="آئن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Don" title="Íon – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Íon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyun" title="Iyun – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Iyun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Йон – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Йон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioni" title="Ioni – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D9%86" title="آئن – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آئن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon" title="Jon – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1" title="අයන – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3n_(%C4%8Dastica)" title="Ión (častica) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ión (častica)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonda" title="Nonda – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nonda" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joni" title="Joni – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Joni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јон – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon" title="Jon – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioni" title="Ioni – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ioni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dn" title="Jōn – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Jōn" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="அயனி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அயனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="అయాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అయాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ион – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ион" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="ไอออน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไอออน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0yon" title="İyon – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Іон – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86" title="آئون – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion" title="Ion – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ion" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yion" title="Yion – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Yion" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iono" title="Iono – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Iono" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="离子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8D%C3%B3n%C3%AC" title="Íónì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Íónì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="离子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" title="離子 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="離子" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%AB-ch%C3%BA" title="Lī-chú – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lī-chú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" title="離子 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="離子" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isihonyo" title="Isihonyo – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isihonyo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36496#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Ion" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ion"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ion"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Ion" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Ion" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&oldid=26030653" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Ion&id=26030653&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIon"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIon"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ion"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ion&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ions" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36496" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat <a href="/wiki/Ion_(disambiguasi)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ion (disambiguasi)">Ion (disambiguasi)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Kationt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Kationt.JPG" decoding="async" width="205" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="188" /></a><figcaption>Ilustrasi grafis dari kation</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ion</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah suatu <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atom</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul">molekul</a> yang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Muatan_listrik" title="Muatan listrik">muatan listrik</a> total tidak nol (jumlah total <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a> tidak sama dengan jumlah total <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a>). <a href="/wiki/Kation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kation">Kation</a> adalah ion bermuatan positif, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Anion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anion">anion</a> adalah ion bermuatan negatif. Oleh karena itu, sebuah molekul kation memiliki sebuah proton hidrogen tanpa elektron, sedangkan anion memiliki elektron ekstra. Oleh karena muatan listriknya yang berlawanan, kation dan anion saling tertarik satu sama lain dan mudah membentuk <a href="/wiki/Senyawa_ionik" title="Senyawa ionik">senyawa ionik</a>. </p><p>Ion yang hanya berisi satu atom disebut <a href="/wiki/Ion_monoatomik" title="Ion monoatomik">ion monoatomik</a> atau ion atomik, sementara yang berisi dua atau lebih atom membentuk ion molekuler atau <a href="/wiki/Ion_poliatomik" title="Ion poliatomik">ion poliatomik</a>. Dalam hal ionisasi fisik dalam suatu media, misalnya gas, "pasangan ion" tercipta dari tumbukan ion, di mana masing-masing pasangan yang terbentuk mengandung elektron bebas dan ion positif.<sup id="cite_ref-knoll_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-knoll-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ion juga tercipta melalui interaksi kimia, misalnya pelarutan <a href="/wiki/Garam_(kimia)" title="Garam (kimia)">garam</a> dalam cairan, atau dengan cara lain, melewatkan <a href="/wiki/Arus_searah" title="Arus searah">arus searah</a> melalui larutan penghantar yang melarutkan <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a> melalui <a href="/wiki/Ionisasi" title="Ionisasi">ionisasi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah_penemuan_ion">Sejarah penemuan ion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah penemuan ion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah penemuan ion"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kata <i>ion</i> berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">ἰόν</span>, <i>ion</i>, "sedang pergi", kata kerja bentuk sedang dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">ἰέναι</span>, <i>ienai</i>, "pergi". Istilah ini diperkenalkan oleh fisikawan dan kimiawan Inggris <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Michael Faraday</a> pada tahun 1834 untuk menyebut spesies tak dikenal yang <i>pergi</i> dari satu <a href="/wiki/Elektrode" title="Elektrode">elektrode</a> ke elektrode lain melalui media berair.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Faraday tidak mengetahui sifat spesies ini, tetapi ia mengetahui bahwa ketika logam larut ke dalam dan memasuki larutan pada satu elektrode, logam baru muncul dari larutan pada elektrode lainnya; zat tersebut telah bergerak melalui larutan dalam suatu arus. Ion ini membawa materi dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. </p><p>Faraday juga memperkenalkan kata <i>anion</i> untuk ion bermuatan negatif, dan <i>kation</i> untuk ion bermuatan positif. Dalam tatanama Faraday, kation dinamakan demikian karena mereka tertarik ke <a href="/wiki/Katode" title="Katode">katode</a> dalam perangkat galvani dan anion dinamakan demikian karena mereka tertarik ke <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Svante_August_Arrhenius" title="Svante August Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a> mengajukan penjelasannya, pada disertasinya tahun 1884, bahwa faktanya garam kristal padat <a href="/wiki/Disosiasi_(kimia)" title="Disosiasi (kimia)">terdisosiasi</a> menjadi pasangan partikel bermuatan ketika melarut. Disertasinya ini membuat Arrhenius memperoleh Nobel Kimia tahun 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Penjelasan Arrhenius adalah bahwa dalam pembentukan larutan, garam terdisosiasi menjadi ion-ion Faraday. Arrhenius mengusulkan bahwa ion terbentuk meskipun tanpa adanya arus listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-columbia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-columbia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EncBrit_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EncBrit-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SciBio_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SciBio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karakteristik">Karakteristik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Karakteristik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karakteristik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ion dalam keadaan mirip gasnya bersifat sangat reaktif dan akan cepat berinteraksi dengan ion yang memiliki muatan berlawanan menghasilkan molekul netral atau garam ionik. Ion juga dihasilkan dalam keadaan cair atau padat ketika garam berinteraksi dengan pelarut (misalnya, air) menghasilkan "ion tersolvasi", yang lebih stabil. Ion-ion bergerak saling menjauhi untuk berinteraksi dengan cairan dengan alasan yang melibatkan perubahan <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">energi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Entropi" title="Entropi">entropi</a>. Spesies yang terstabilkan ini lebih banyak dijumpai di lingkungan bertemperatur rendah. Contoh umum adalah ion yang terdapat dalam air laut, yang berasal dari garam-garam terlarut. </p><p>Seluruh ion memiliki muatan, yang berarti, seperti objek-objek bermuatan lainnya, mereka: </p> <ul><li>tertarik dengan muatan listrik yang berlawanan (positif kepada negatif dan sebaliknya),</li> <li>menolak muatan sejenis</li> <li>ketika bergerak, trayektori (lintasan) mereka dapat dibelokkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Medan_magnet" title="Medan magnet">medan magnet</a>.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektron</a>, karena massanya yang kecil sehingga sifat menempati ruangnya yang besar dianggap sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gelombang_materi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gelombang materi (halaman belum tersedia)">gelombang materi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_wave" class="extiw" title="en:Matter wave">matter wave</a></i></span>). Ini menentukan seluruh ukuran atom dan molekul yang memiliki elektron. Anion (ion bermuatan negatif) lebih besar daripada molekul atau atom induknya, karena kelebihan elektron saling tolak-menolak satu sama lain sehingga menambah ukuran fisik ion, dan ukurannya ditentukan oleh <a href="/wiki/Awan_elektron" class="mw-redirect" title="Awan elektron">awan elektronnya</a>. Dengan demikian, secara umum, kation berukuran lebih kecil daripada atom atau molekul induknya karena ukuran awan elektronnya juga lebih kecil. Kation hidrogen tidak memiliki elektron sama sekali, sehingga hanya memiliki proton tunggal - <i>jauh lebih kecil</i> daripada atom hidrogen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anion_dan_kation">Anion dan kation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Anion dan kation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Anion dan kation"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Ions-id.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ions-id.svg/390px-Ions-id.svg.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ions-id.svg/585px-Ions-id.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ions-id.svg/780px-Ions-id.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="882" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Atom_hidrogen" title="Atom hidrogen">Atom hidrogen</a> (tengah) mengandung sebuah <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a> dan sebuah <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a>. Penghilangan elektron menghasilkan kation (kiri), sementara penambahan elektron menghasilkan anion (kanan). Anion hidrogen, dengan dua awan elektronnya yang renggang, memiliki jari-jari yang lebih besar daripada atom netralnya, yang pada gilirannya jauh lebih besar daripada <a href="/wiki/Kation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kation">kationnya</a> yang berupa proton telanjang. Hidrogen hanya membentuk kation bermuatan +1 yang tidak memiliki elektron. Namun, meskipun kation tersebut memiliki satu atau lebih elektron (tidak seperti hidrogen), ukurannya tetap lebih kecil daripada atom atau molekul netralnya.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Kation" dan "Anion" dialihkan ke halaman ini. Untuk konsep fisika partikel/komputasi kuantum, lihat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anyon (halaman belum tersedia)">Anyon</a>. Untuk penggunaan lain, lihat <a href="/wiki/Ion_(disambiguasi)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ion (disambiguasi)">Ion (disambiguasi)</a>.</div> <p>Oleh karena muatan listrik pada proton secara besaran adalah sama dengan muatan elektron, muatan listrik netto suatu ion adalah sama dengan jumlah proton dalam ion dikurangi jumlah elektron. </p><p><b><span id="Anion">Anion</span></b> (−), berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">ἄνω</span> (<i>ánō</i>), yang berarti "naik",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah ion dengan jumlah elektron lebih banyak daripada proton, menghasilkan muatan netto negatif (karena elektron bermuatan negatif dan proton bermuatan positif).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b><span id="Kation">Kation</span></b> (+), berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">κάτω</span> (<i>káto</i>), yang berarti "turun",<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah ion dengan jumlah elektron lebih sedikit daripada proton, memberikan muatan positif.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Terdapat dua nama tambahan yang digunakan untuk ion dengan muatan banyak. Misalnya, ion dengan muatan −2 dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Dianion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dianion">dianion</a> dan ion dengan muatan +2 dikenal sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikation (halaman belum tersedia)">dikation</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ion_zwitter" title="Ion zwitter">Ion zwitter</a> adalah molekul netral dengan muatan positif dan negatif di beberapa tempat yang berbeda dalam molekul tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kation dan anion ditentukan berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_ion" title="Jari-jari ion">jari-jari ion</a> dan keduanya memiliki ukuran yang relatif berbeda: "Kation berukuran kecil, sebagian besar memiliki jari-jari kurang dari 10<sup>−10</sup> m (10<sup>−8</sup> cm). Sebaliknya, sebagian besar anion berukuran besar, seperti anion bumi yang paling umum, <a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">oksigen</a>. Berdasarkan fakta ini, tampak bahwa sebagian besar ruang pada <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristal</a> ditempati oleh anion dan bahwa kation termuat di dalam ruang-ruang di antaranya."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sebuah kation memiliki jari-jari kurang dari 0,8 × 10<sup>−10</sup> m (0,8 Å) sementara anion memiliki jari-jari yang lebih dari 1,3 × 10<sup>−10</sup> m (1,3 Å).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Keterjadian_alami">Keterjadian alami</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Keterjadian alami" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keterjadian alami"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_keadaan_oksidasi_unsur_kimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar keadaan oksidasi unsur kimia">Daftar keadaan oksidasi unsur kimia</a></div> <p>Ion di <a href="/wiki/Alam" title="Alam">alam</a> ada di mana-mana dan bertanggung jawab untuk beragam fenomena dari pendaran Matahari hingga keberadaan <a href="/wiki/Ionosfer" title="Ionosfer">ionosfer</a> Bumi. Atom dalam keadaan ioniknya dapat memiliki warna yang berbeda dari atom netral, dan dengan demikian penyerapan cahaya oleh ion logam memberikan warna <a href="/wiki/Batu_permata" title="Batu permata">batu permata</a>. Dalam kimia organik maupun anorganik (termasuk biokimia), interaksi air dan ion sangatlah penting; contohnya adalah energi yang mendorong gangguan adenosin trifosfat (<a href="/wiki/Adenosina_trifosfat" title="Adenosina trifosfat">ATP</a>). Bagian berikut menjelaskan konteks di mana fitur ion menonjol; dan disusun sesuai penurunan skala panjang fisik, dari astronomis ke mikroskopis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teknologi_terkait">Teknologi terkait</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Teknologi terkait" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teknologi terkait"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ion dapat disiapkan secara non-kimia menggunakan berbagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumber_ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumber ion (halaman belum tersedia)">sumber ion</a>, biasanya melibatkan <a href="/wiki/Tegangan_listrik" title="Tegangan listrik">tegangan</a> tinggi atau suhu. Ion digunakan dalam banyak perangkat seperti <a href="/wiki/Spektrometri_massa" title="Spektrometri massa">spektrometer massa</a>, spektrometer emisi optik, akselerator partikel, implanter ion, dan mesin ion. </p><p>Sebagai partikel bermuatan yang reaktif, mereka juga digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Pengion_udara" title="Pengion udara">pemurnian udara</a> dengan cara mengganggu mikrob, dan pada peralatan rumah tangga seperti <a href="/wiki/Pendeteksi_kebakaran" title="Pendeteksi kebakaran">detektor asap</a>. </p><p>Oleh karena pensinyalan dan metabolisme dalam organisme dikendalikan oleh gradien ionik yang tepat melintasi <a href="/wiki/Membran_sel" title="Membran sel">membran</a>, gangguan gradien ini berkontribusi terhadap kematian sel. Ini adalah mekanisme umum yang dieksploitasi oleh <a href="/wiki/Biosida" title="Biosida">biosida</a> alami dan buatan, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Saluran_ion" title="Saluran ion">saluran ion</a> <a href="/wiki/Gramisidina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gramisidina">gramisidina</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amfoterisin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amfoterisin (halaman belum tersedia)">amfoterisin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fungisida" title="Fungisida">fungisida</a>). </p><p>Ion anorganik terlarut adalah komponen dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Padatan_terlarut_total&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Padatan terlarut total (halaman belum tersedia)">padatan terlarut total</a>, indikator <a href="/wiki/Kualitas_air" title="Kualitas air">kualitas air</a> yang dikenal luas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deteksi_radiasi_pengion">Deteksi radiasi pengion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Deteksi radiasi pengion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Deteksi radiasi pengion"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Ion_chamber_operation.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ion_chamber_operation.gif/300px-Ion_chamber_operation.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ion_chamber_operation.gif/450px-Ion_chamber_operation.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ion_chamber_operation.gif/600px-Ion_chamber_operation.gif 2x" data-file-width="3241" data-file-height="2258" /></a><figcaption>Skema bejana ion, menunjukkan pergerakan elektron. Elektron bergerak lebih cepat daripada ion positif karena massanya yang jauh lebih ringan.<sup id="cite_ref-knoll_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-knoll-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Electron_avalanche.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Electron_avalanche.gif/300px-Electron_avalanche.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Electron_avalanche.gif/450px-Electron_avalanche.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Electron_avalanche.gif/600px-Electron_avalanche.gif 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="1129" /></a><figcaption>Efek longsoran antara dua elektrode. Ionisasi awalnya membebaskan satu elektron, dan masing-masing tumbukan selanjutnya membebaskan elektron lebih banyak, sehingga dua elektron muncul dari masing-masing tumbukan: elektron pengion dan elektron yang dibebaskan.</figcaption></figure> <p>Efek pengion radiasi pada gas banyak digunakan untuk mendeteksi radiasi seperti partikel <a href="/wiki/Partikel_Alfa" title="Partikel Alfa">alfa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partikel_Beta" title="Partikel Beta">beta</a>, sinar <a href="/wiki/Sinar_gama" title="Sinar gama">gama</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sinar-X" title="Sinar-X">sinar-X</a>. Kejadian ionisasi awalnya pada instrumen ini menghasilkan pembentukan suatu "pasangan ion"; ion positif dan elektron bebas, melalui tumbukan ion oleh radiasi pada molekul gas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bejana_ionisasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bejana ionisasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Bejana ionisasi</a> adalah bentuk paling sederhana detektor ini, dan mengumpulkan semua muatan yang terbentuk melalui <i>ionisasi langsung</i> di dalam gas yang diaplikasikan melalui medan listrik.<sup id="cite_ref-knoll_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-knoll-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabung_Geiger-M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabung Geiger-Müller (halaman belum tersedia)">Tabung Geiger-Müller</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pencacah_proporsional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pencacah proporsional (halaman belum tersedia)">pencacah proporsional</a> keduanya menggunakan fenomena yang dikenal sebagai longsoran Townsend (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Townsend_discharge" class="extiw" title="en:Townsend discharge">Townsend discharge</a></i></span>) untuk melipatgandakan efek dari peristiwa pengion asli dengan menggunakan efek air terjun di mana elektron bebas diberikan energi yang cukup oleh medan listrik untuk melepaskan elektron lebih lanjut melalui tumbukan ion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kimia">Kimia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Kimia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kimia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notasi">Notasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Notasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Notasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Penulisan_muatan">Penulisan muatan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Penulisan muatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penulisan muatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Ions_notation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ions_notation.svg/220px-Ions_notation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ions_notation.svg/330px-Ions_notation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ions_notation.svg/440px-Ions_notation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="99" /></a><figcaption>Tiga cara penulisan atom <a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">besi</a> (Fe) yang kehilangan dua elektron, dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Fero" title="Fero">fero</a> <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrous" class="extiw" title="en:Ferrous">ferrous</a></i></span>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ketika menulis <a href="/wiki/Rumus_kimia" title="Rumus kimia">rumus kimia</a> sebuah ion, muatan nettonya ditulis sebagai superskrip di belakang struktur kimia molekul/atom. Jika muatan netto lebih dari 1, maka nilainya ditulis <i>sebelum</i> tanda; yaitu, untuk kation bermuatan ganda ditulis sebagai <b>2+</b> dan <i>bukan</i> <b>+2</b>. Untuk muatan tunggal, nilainya tidak perlu ditulis, misalnya kation <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a> ditulis sebagai <span class="chemf nowrap">Na<sup>+</sup></span> dan <i>bukan</i> bukan Na<sup>1+</sup>. </p><p>Cara alternatif (dan dapat diterima) untuk menunjukkan molekul/atom dengan muatan banyak adalah dengan menuliskan tandanya beberapa kali, ini sering terlihat pada logam transisi. Kimiawan kadang-kadang melingkari tanda muatannya; ini semata-mata kosmetik dan tidak memberikan makna kimia apa-apa. Ketiga penulisan <span class="chemf nowrap">Fe<sup>2+</sup></span> yang ditunjukkan pada gambar adalah ekivalen. </p><p>Ion monoatomik kadang-kadang ditulis dengan angka Romawi; misalnya, <span class="chemf nowrap">Fe<sup>2+</sup></span> kadang-kadang ditulis sebagai Fe(II) atau Fe<sup>II</sup>. Bilangan Romawi menunjukkan <i><a href="/wiki/Keadaan_oksidasi" title="Keadaan oksidasi">keadaan oksidasi</a> formal</i> suatu unsur, sementara angka superskrip menunjukkan <i>muatan bersih</i> atau <i>muatan</i> <i>netto</i>. Bagaimanapun, kedua notasi tersebut untuk ion monoatomik adalah sama, tetapi angka Romawi <i>tidak dapat</i> digunakan untuk ion poliatomik. Namun, dimungkinkan untuk mencampur notasi untuk pusat logam dengan kompleks poliatomik, seperti ditunjukkan dalam contoh ion uranil. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Ions_notation2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ions_notation2.svg/220px-Ions_notation2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ions_notation2.svg/330px-Ions_notation2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ions_notation2.svg/440px-Ions_notation2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="172" /></a><figcaption>Campuran notasi bilangan Romawi dan muatan untuk ion uranil. Keadaan oksidasi logam ditunjukkan sebagai superskrip bilangan Romawi sementara muatan seluruh kompleks ditunjukkan sebagai tanda sudut yang disertai angka dan tanda muatan bersih.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sub-klas">Sub-klas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Sub-klas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sub-klas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jika suatu ion mengandung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron_bebas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektron bebas (halaman belum tersedia)">elektron bebas</a>, ia disebut ion <a href="/wiki/Radikal_bebas" title="Radikal bebas">radikal</a>. Seperti radikal tak bermuatan, ion radikal sangat reaktif. Ion poliatomik yang mengandung oksigen, seperti karbonat dan sulfat, disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksianion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksianion (halaman belum tersedia)">oksianion</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/oxyanion" class="extiw" title="en:oxyanion"><i>oxyanion</i></a>). Ion molekular yang mengandung sekurang-kurangnya satu ikatan karbon-hidrogen disebut <i>ion organik</i>. Jika muatan dalam ion organik secara formal terpusat pada suatu karbon, maka ia disebut <i><a href="/wiki/Karbokation" title="Karbokation">karbokation</a></i> (jika bermuatan positif) atau <i><a href="/wiki/Karbanion" title="Karbanion">karbanion</a></i> (jika bermuatan negatif). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pembentukan">Pembentukan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Pembentukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembentukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pembentukan_ion_monoatomik">Pembentukan ion monoatomik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Pembentukan ion monoatomik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembentukan ion monoatomik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ion monoatomik terbentuk karena atom memperoleh atau kehilangan elektron pada <a href="/wiki/Elektron_valensi" title="Elektron valensi">kelopak valensinya</a> (kulit elektron paling luar). Cangkang bagian dalam atom diisi dengan elektron yang terikat erat dengan <a href="/wiki/Inti_atom" title="Inti atom">inti atom</a> yang bermuatan positif, sehingga tidak berpartisipasi dalam interaksi kimia seperti ini. Proses mendapatkan atau kehilangan elektron dari atom atau molekul netral disebut <i>ionisasi</i>. </p><p>Atom dapat terionisasi dengan bombardir menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Radiasi" title="Radiasi">radiasi</a>, tetapi proses ionisasi yang lebih umum dalam ilmu <a href="/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia">kimia</a> adalah perpindahan elektron antar atom atau molekul. Perpindahan ini biasanya dipicu oleh pembentukan konfigurasi elektron yang stabil ("cangkang tertutup"). Atom akan menerima atau melepas elektron tergantung aksi mana yang energinya lebih rendah. </p><p>Sebagai contoh, sebuah atom <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a>, Na, memiliki sebuah elektron pada kelopak valensinya, mengitari 2 kelopak stabil yan masing-masing berisi 2 dan 8 elektron. Oleh karena kelopak yang terisi penuh ini sangat stabil, maka atom natrium cenderung kehilangan kelebihan elektronnya dan memperoleh konfigurasi stabil, menjadi kation natrium melalui proses </p> <dl><dd>Na → <span class="chemf nowrap">Na<sup>+</sup></span> + <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sub></sub>e<sup>−</sup></span></dd></dl> <p>Sebaliknya, sebuah atom <a href="/wiki/Klor" class="mw-redirect" title="Klor">klorin</a>, Cl, memiliki 7 elektron pada kelopak valensinya, hanya kekurangan satu elektron untuk terisi penuh 8 elektron dan menjadi stabil. Oleh karena itu, atom klorin cenderung <i>menerima</i> kelebihan elektron dan memperoleh konfigurasi stabil 8 elektron, menjadi anion klorida melalui proses: </p> <dl><dd>Cl + <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sub></sub>e<sup>−</sup></span> → <span class="chemf nowrap">Cl<sup>−</sup></span></dd></dl> <p>Kecenderungan ini yang menyebabkan natrium dan klorin mengalami reaksi kimia, yang mana "kelebihan" elektron dipindahkan dari natrium ke klorin, membentuk kation natrium dan anion klorida. Dengan muatan yang berlawanan, kation dan anion ini membentuk <a href="/wiki/Ikatan_ionik" title="Ikatan ionik">ikatan ionik</a> dan bergabung untuk membentuk <a href="/wiki/Natrium_klorida" title="Natrium klorida">natrium klorida</a>, NaCl, yang lebih umum dikenal sebagai garam dapur. </p> <dl><dd><span class="chemf nowrap">Na<sup>+</sup></span> + <span class="chemf nowrap">Cl<sup>−</sup></span> → NaCl</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pembentukan_ion_poliatomik_dan_molekular">Pembentukan ion poliatomik dan molekular</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Pembentukan ion poliatomik dan molekular" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembentukan ion poliatomik dan molekular"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Nitrate-ion-elpot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Nitrate-ion-elpot.png/220px-Nitrate-ion-elpot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Nitrate-ion-elpot.png/330px-Nitrate-ion-elpot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Nitrate-ion-elpot.png/440px-Nitrate-ion-elpot.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>Peta <a href="/wiki/Potensial_listrik" title="Potensial listrik">potensial elektrostatik</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_nitrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion nitrat (halaman belum tersedia)">ion nitrat</a> (<span class="chemf nowrap">NO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span>). Kelopak 3-dimensi menggambarkan daerah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopotensial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopotensial (halaman belum tersedia)">isopotensial</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ion poliatomik dan molekular sering kali terbentuk karena menerima atau kehilangan ion elemental seperti proton, <span class="chemf nowrap">H<sup>+</sup></span>, dalam molekul netral. Sebagai contoh, ketika <a href="/wiki/Amonia" title="Amonia">amonia</a>, <span class="chemf nowrap">NH<sub>3</sub></span>, menerima proton, <span class="chemf nowrap">H<sup>+</sup></span>—suatu proses yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Protonasi" title="Protonasi">protonasi</a>—ia membentuk ion <a href="/wiki/Amonium" title="Amonium">amonium</a>, <span class="chemf nowrap">NH<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">+</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span>. Amonia dan amonium memiliki jumlah elektron yang sama, begitu pula <a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">konfigurasi elektronnya</a>, tetapi amonium memiliki kelebihan proton yang menjadikannya bermuatan positif. </p><p>Amonia dapat juga kehilangan sebuah elektron sehingga bermuatan positif, membentuk ion <span class="chemf nowrap">NH<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">•+</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span>. Namun, ion ini tidak stabil, karena memiliki <a href="/wiki/Kelopak_valensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelopak valensi">kelopak valensi</a> yang tidak lengkap di sekeliling atom nitrogen, sehingga membuatnya menjadi ion <a href="/wiki/Radikal_bebas" title="Radikal bebas">radikal</a> yang sangat reaktif. </p><p>Mengingat ion radikal tidak stabil, ion poliatomik dan molekular biasanya terbentuk melalui penangkapan atau pelepasan ion elemental seperti <span class="chemf nowrap">H<sup>+</sup></span>, dan bukannya menangkap atau melepas elektron. Hal ini memungkinkan molekul memiliki konfigurasi elektron yang stabil meskipun muatan listriknya berubah. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Potensial_ionisasi">Potensial ionisasi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Potensial ionisasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Potensial ionisasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Potensial_ionisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Potensial ionisasi">Potensial ionisasi</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">Energi</a> yang dibutuhkan untuk melepaskan sebuah elektron pada tingkat energi terendahnya dari suatu atom atau molekul gas dengan muatan listrik paling sedikit disebut <i>potensial ionisasi</i>, atau <i>energi ionisasi</i>. Energi ionisasi ke <i>n</i> suatu atom adalah energi yang diperlukan untuk membebaskan elektron ke <i>n</i> setelah elektron <i>n − 1</i> pertama telah dilepaskan. </p><p>Setiap energi ionisasi yang berturut-turut lebih besar daripada yang terakhir. Kenaikan yang sangat besar terjadi setelah blok <a href="/wiki/Orbital_atom" title="Orbital atom">orbital atom</a> apapun kehabisan elektron. Berdasarkan alasan ini, ion cenderung terbentuk dengan cara yang meninggalkan blok dengan orbital penuh. Misalnya, natrium memiliki satu <a href="/wiki/Elektron_valensi" title="Elektron valensi">elektron valensi</a> pada kelopak terluarnya, sehingga bentuk terionisasi biasanya dijumpai dengan kehilangan satu elektron, sebagai <span class="chemf nowrap">Na<sup>+</sup></span>. Di sisi lain tabel periodik, klorin memiliki tujuh elektron valensi, sehingga dalam bentuk terionisasi biasanya dijumpai dengan kelebihan satu elektron, sebagai <span class="chemf nowrap">Cl<sup>−</sup></span>. Sesium memiliki energi ionisasi terendah dari semua unsur sementara helium yang tertinggi.<sup id="cite_ref-lenntech.com_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lenntech.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Secara umum, energi ionisasi <a href="/wiki/Logam" title="Logam">logam</a> jauh lebih rendah daripada energi ionisasi <a href="/wiki/Nonlogam" title="Nonlogam">nonlogam</a>, sehingga, secara umum, logam akan kehilangan elektron membentuk ion bermuatan positif, sementara nonlogam akan memperoleh elektron membentuk ion bermuatan negatif. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ikatan_ionik">Ikatan ionik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Ikatan ionik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ikatan ionik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Ikatan_ionik" title="Ikatan ionik">Ikatan ionik</a></div> <p><i>Ikatan ionik</i> adalah suatu <a href="/wiki/Ikatan_kimia" title="Ikatan kimia">ikatan kimia</a> yang muncul dari tarik menarik antara ion-ion yang bermuatan berlawanan. Ion dengan muatan sejenis saling tolak menolak, sedangkan yang bermuatan berlawanan saling tarik menarik. Oleh karena itu, ion biasanya tidak berdiri sendiri, tapi terikat dengan ion yang bermuatan berlawanan membentuk <a href="/wiki/Kisi_Bravais" title="Kisi Bravais">kisi kristal</a>. Senyawa yang terbentuk disebut <i>senyawa ionik</i>, dan terikat oleh <i>ikatan ionik</i>. Dalam senyawa ionik terdapat jarak karakteristik antara ion-ion yang bertetangga, yang merupakan sumber penentuan ekstensi spasial dan <a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_ion" title="Jari-jari ion">jari-jari ion</a> ion individu. </p><p>Jenis ikatan ionik yang paling umum terlihat pada senyawa logam dan nonlogam (kecuali <a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">gas mulia</a>, yang jarang membentuk senyawa kimia). Logam dikarakterisasi dengan memiliki sejumlah kecil elektron yang melebihi konfigurasi elektronik kelopak tertutup yang stabil. Dengan demikian, mereka memiliki kecenderungan kehilangan elektron ekstra ini untuk mencapai konfigurasi yang stabil. Sifat ini dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas#Elektropositivitas" title="Elektronegativitas"><i>elektropositivitas</i></a>. Nonlogam, sebaliknya, dicirikan memiliki konfigurasi elektron kekurangan sedikit elektron untuk mencapai konfigurasi stabil. Oleh karena itu, mereka memiliki kecenderungan untuk menarik elektron untuk mencapai konfigurasi stabil. Kecenderungan ini dikenal sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas" title="Elektronegativitas">elektronegativitas</a></i>. Ketika logam yang sangat elektropositif digabungkan dengan nonlogam yang sangat elektronegatif, kelebihan elektron dari atom logam dipindahkan ke atom logam yang kekurangan elektron. Reaksi ini menghasilkan kation logam dan anion nonlogam, yang saling tertarik satu sama lain membentuk <a href="/wiki/Garam_(kimia)" title="Garam (kimia)">garam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ion-ion_umum">Ion-ion umum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Ion-ion umum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ion-ion umum"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Kation-kation umum<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: left">Nama umum </th> <th style="text-align: left">Rumus </th> <th style="text-align: left">Nama historis </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:aliceblue;"><i>Kation sederhana</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Al<sup>3+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Ba<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Berilium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Be<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Ca<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kromium(III)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Cr<sup>3+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tembaga(I)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Cu<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td>kupro </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tembaga(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Cu<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td>kupri </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">H<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Besi(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Fe<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td>fero </td></tr> <tr> <td>Besi(III)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Fe<sup>3+</sup></span></td> <td>feri </td></tr> <tr> <td>Timbal(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Pb<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td>plumbo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Timbal(IV)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Pb<sup>4+</sup></span></td> <td>plumbi </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Litium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Li<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Mg<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mangan(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Mn<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Raksa(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Hg<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td>merkuri </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">Kalium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">K<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Ag<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td>argento </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Na<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Stronsium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Sr<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">Timah</a>(II)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Sn<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td>stano </td></tr> <tr> <td>Timah(IV)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Sn<sup>4+</sup></span></td> <td>stani </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Zn<sup>2+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:aliceblue;"><i>Kation poliatomik</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amonium" title="Amonium">Amonium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">NH<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">+</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidronium" title="Hidronium">Hidronium</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Raksa(I)</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Hg<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2+</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">2</span></span></span></td> <td>merkuro </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Anion umum<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: left">Nama formal </th> <th style="text-align: left">Rumus </th> <th style="text-align: left">Nama lain </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:aliceblue;"><i>Anion sederhana</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Azida" title="Azida">Azida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">N<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bromida" title="Bromida">Bromida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Br<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Klorida" title="Klorida">Klorida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Cl<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fluorida" title="Fluorida">Fluorida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">F<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidrida" title="Hidrida">Hidrida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">H<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iodida" title="Iodida">Iodida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">I<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nitrida" title="Nitrida">Nitrida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">N<sup>3−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oksida" title="Oksida">Oksida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">O<sup>2−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulfida" title="Sulfida">Sulfida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">S<sup>2−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:aliceblue;"><i>Oksoanion (<a href="/wiki/Ion_poliatomik" title="Ion poliatomik">Ion poliatomik</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karbonat" title="Karbonat">Karbonat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Klorat" title="Klorat">Klorat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">ClO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kromat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kromat">Kromat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">CrO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dikromat" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dikromat">Dikromat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">Cr<sub>2</sub>O<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">7</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dihidrogen fosfat</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">H<sub>2</sub>PO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrogen_karbonat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrogen karbonat (halaman belum tersedia)">Hidrogen karbonat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">HCO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td>bikarbonat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen_sulfat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrogen sulfat">Hidrogen sulfat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">HSO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td>bisulfat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrogen_sulfit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrogen sulfit (halaman belum tersedia)">Hidrogen sulfit</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">HSO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td>bisulfit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidroksida" title="Hidroksida">Hidroksida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">OH<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hipoklorit" title="Hipoklorit">Hipoklorit</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">ClO<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monohidrogen fosfat</td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">HPO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nitrat" title="Nitrat">Nitrat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">NO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nitrit" title="Nitrit">Nitrit</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">NO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">2</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perklorat" title="Perklorat">Perklorat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">ClO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Permanganat" title="Permanganat">Permanganat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">MnO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peroksida" title="Peroksida">Peroksida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">O<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">2</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fosfat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fosfat">Fosfat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">PO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">3−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulfat" title="Sulfat">Sulfat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">SO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulfit" title="Sulfit">Sulfit</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">SO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Superoksida" title="Superoksida">Superoksida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">O<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">2</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiosulfat" title="Tiosulfat">Tiosulfat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">S<sub>2</sub>O<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Silikat" title="Silikat">Silikat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">SiO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">4−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metasilikat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metasilikat (halaman belum tersedia)">Metasilikat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">SiO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">3</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aluminium_silikat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aluminium silikat (halaman belum tersedia)">Aluminium silikat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">AlSiO<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:aliceblue;"><i>Anion dari asam organik</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asetat" title="Asetat">Asetat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td>etanoat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Format">Format</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">HCOO<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td>metanoat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oksalat" title="Oksalat">Oksalat</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">C<sub>2</sub>O<span style="font-size:80%; display:-moz-inline-box; -moz-box-orient:vertical; display:inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-bottom:-0.4em; min-height:1em; line-height:1em;"><span style="display:block; min-height:1em; margin-top:-1.4em;">2−</span><span style="display:block; min-height:1em;">4</span></span></span></td> <td>etanadioat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sianida" title="Sianida">Sianida</a></td> <td><span class="chemf nowrap">CN<sup>−</sup></span></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18261910">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width:22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengion_udara" title="Pengion udara">Pengion udara</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_ionizer" class="extiw" title="en:Air ionizer"><i>Air ionizer</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora" title="Aurora">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detektor_ionisasi_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detektor ionisasi gas (halaman belum tersedia)">Detektor ionisasi gas</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous_ionization_detector" class="extiw" title="en:Gaseous ionization detector"><i>Gaseous ionization detector</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bekas_ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bekas ion (halaman belum tersedia)">Bekas ion</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_beam" class="extiw" title="en:Ion beam"><i>Ion beam</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertukaran_ion" title="Pertukaran ion">Pertukaran ion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiasi_pengion" title="Radiasi pengion">Radiasi pengion</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation" class="extiw" title="en:Ionizing radiation"><i>Ionizing radiation</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_keadaan_oksidasi_unsur_kimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar keadaan oksidasi unsur kimia">Daftar keadaan oksidasi unsur kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daya_penghenti_partikel_radiasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daya penghenti partikel radiasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Daya penghenti partikel radiasi</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopping_power_(particle_radiation)" class="extiw" title="en:Stopping power (particle radiation)"><i>Stopping power of radiation particles</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioliomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioliomik">Ioliomik</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioliomics" class="extiw" title="en:Ioliomics">Ioliomics</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="tright" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; background:#FFF0F5; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em; font-size:85%;"> <table style="background:transparent;" width="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="position:relative; width:32px; height:28px; overflow:hidden"><div style="position:absolute; top:0px; left:0px; z-index:3;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div></div> </td> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kimia" title="Portal:Kimia"><span style="color:#FF4F00">Portal Kimia</span></a></b></i> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/ion">"Ion"</a> entry in <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-knoll-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-knoll_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-knoll_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-knoll_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Knoll, Glenn F (1999). <i>Radiation detection and measurement</i> (edisi ke-3rd). New York: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-471-07338-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-471-07338-5">0-471-07338-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radiation+detection+and+measurement&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-471-07338-5&rft.aulast=Knoll&rft.aufirst=Glenn+F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation audio-visual"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/faraday_michael.shtml"><i>Michael Faraday (1791-1867)</i></a>. UK: <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Michael+Faraday+%281791-1867%29&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fhistoric_figures%2Ffaraday_michael.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=ion">"Online etymology dictionary"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2011-01-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+etymology+dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1903/index.html">"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903"</a>. <i>www.nobelprize.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nobelprize.org&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+1903&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fchemistry%2Flaureates%2F1903%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-columbia-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-columbia_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Harris, William; Levey, Judith, ed. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcolumbiaencyc00harr"><i>The New Columbia Encyclopedia</i></a> (edisi ke-4th). New York City: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcolumbiaencyc00harr/page/155">155</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-231035-721" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-231035-721">0-231035-721</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Columbia+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=155&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Columbia+University&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-231035-721&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewcolumbiaencyc00harr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EncBrit-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EncBrit_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">McHenry, Charles, ed. (1992). <i>The New Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <b>1</b> (edisi ke-15). Chicago: <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> hlm. 587. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/085-229553-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/085-229553-7">085-229553-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=587&rft.edition=15&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=085-229553-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SciBio-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SciBio_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cillispie, Charles, ed. (1970). <i>Dictionary of Scientific Biography</i> (edisi ke-1). New York City: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons" title="Charles Scribner's Sons">Charles Scribner's Sons</a>. hlm. 296–302. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-684101-122" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-684101-122">0-684101-122</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Scientific+Biography&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=296-302&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=0-684101-122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></i> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095414154">"Oxford Reference: OVERVIEW anion"</a>. oxfordreference.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Reference%3A+OVERVIEW+anion&rft.pub=oxfordreference.com&rft.date=2013&rft.au=%27%27Oxford+University+Press%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxfordindex.oup.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095414154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Colorado_Boulder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Colorado Boulder (halaman belum tersedia)">University of Colorado Boulder</a></i> (November 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ruby.colorado.edu/~smyth/G101-2.html">"Atoms and Elements, Isotopes and Ions"</a>. colorado.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atoms+and+Elements%2C+Isotopes+and+Ions&rft.pub=colorado.edu&rft.date=2013-11-21&rft.au=%27%27University+of+Colorado+Boulder%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fruby.colorado.edu%2F~smyth%2FG101-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></i> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095555447">"Oxford Reference: OVERVIEW cation"</a>. oxfordreference.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Reference%3A+OVERVIEW+cation&rft.pub=oxfordreference.com&rft.date=2013&rft.au=%27%27Oxford+University+Press%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxfordindex.oup.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095555447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Douglas W. Haywick, Ph.D.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_South_Alabama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of South Alabama (halaman belum tersedia)">University of South Alabama</a> (2007–2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usouthal.edu/geology/haywick/GY111/111-4.pdf">"Elemental Chemistry"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. usouthal.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elemental+Chemistry&rft.pub=usouthal.edu&rft.date=2007%2F2008&rft.au=Douglas+W.+Haywick%2C+Ph.D.&rft.au=University+of+South+Alabama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usouthal.edu%2Fgeology%2Fhaywick%2FGY111%2F111-4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><i><a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Purdue University">Purdue University</a></i> (November 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/1biochem/amino2.html#zwitter">"Amino Acids"</a>. purdue.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amino+Acids&rft.pub=purdue.edu&rft.date=2013-11-21&rft.au=%27%27Purdue+University%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchemed.chem.purdue.edu%2Fgenchem%2Ftopicreview%2Fbp%2F1biochem%2Famino2.html%23zwitter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Press (halaman belum tersedia)">Frank Press</a> & Raymond Siever (1986) <i>Earth</i>, 14th edition, page 63, <a href="/wiki/W._H._Freeman_and_Company" title="W. H. Freeman and Company">W. H. Freeman and Company</a> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7167-1743-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7167-1743-3">0-7167-1743-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" class="mw-redirect" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> (1960) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L-1K9HmKmUUC&PA544&pg=PA544">Nature of the Chemical Bond</a></i>, hlm. 544, pada <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lenntech.com-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lenntech.com_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lenntech.com/Periodic-chart-elements/ionization-energy.htm">Chemical elements listed by ionization energy</a>. Lenntech.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/chempdfs/CommonIons.pdf">"Common Ions and Their Charges"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Common+Ions+and+Their+Charges&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencegeek.net%2FChemistry%2Fchempdfs%2FCommonIons.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIon" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="new" title="Baterai perak oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Perak oksida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sel_Weston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sel Weston (halaman belum tersedia)">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tumpukan_Zamboni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tumpukan Zamboni (halaman belum tersedia)">Zamboni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_seng%E2%80%93udara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai seng–udara (halaman belum tersedia)">Seng–udara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_seng%E2%80%93karbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai seng–karbon (halaman belum tersedia)">Seng–karbon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Baterai_isi_ulang" title="Baterai isi ulang">Sel sekunder<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">(dapat diisi ulang)</span></span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_otomotif" class="mw-redirect" title="Baterai otomotif">Otomotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aki" class="mw-disambig" title="Aki">Timbal–asam</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_VRLA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai VRLA (halaman belum tersedia)">gel / VRLA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_litium-udara" title="Baterai litium-udara">Litium–udara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_litium-ion" class="mw-redirect" title="Baterai litium-ion">Litium–ion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_polimer_litium" title="Baterai polimer litium">Polimer itium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_litium_besi_fosfat" title="Baterai litium besi fosfat">Litium besi fosfat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_litium%E2%80%93titanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai litium–titanat (halaman belum tersedia)">Litium titanat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_litium%E2%80%93belerang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai litium–belerang (halaman belum tersedia)">Litium–belerang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_karbon_ganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai karbon ganda (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai karbon ganda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_garam_cair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai garam cair (halaman belum tersedia)">Garam cair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nanopori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nanopori (halaman belum tersedia)">Nanopori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_kawat_nano" title="Baterai kawat nano">Kawat nano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel–kadmium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93hidrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–hidrogen (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel–hidrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93besi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–besi (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel–besi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93litium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–litium (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel–litium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93hidrida_logam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–hidrida logam (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel hidrida logam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel%E2%80%93seng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel–seng (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel–seng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_polisulfida_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai polisulfida bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">Polisulfida bromida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_kalium%E2%80%93ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai kalium–ion (halaman belum tersedia)">Kalium–ion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_alkalin_isi_ulang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai alkalin isi ulang (halaman belum tersedia)">Alkalin isi ulang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_natrium%E2%80%93ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai natrium–ion (halaman belum tersedia)">Natrium–ion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_natrium%E2%80%93belerang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai natrium–belerang (halaman belum tersedia)">Natrium–belerang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_redoks_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai redoks vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Redoks vanadium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_seng%E2%80%93brom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai seng–brom (halaman belum tersedia)">Seng–brom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_seng%E2%80%93serium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai seng–serium (halaman belum tersedia)">Seng–serium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Sel lain</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baterai_atom" title="Baterai atom">Baterai atom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sel_bahan_bakar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sel bahan bakar">Sel bahan bakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sel_surya" title="Sel surya">Sel surya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bagian sel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">Anode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektrode" title="Elektrode">Elektrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektrolit" title="Elektrolit">Elektrolit</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jembatan_garam" title="Jembatan garam">Jembatan garam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalisis" title="Katalisis">Katalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katode" title="Katode">Katode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membran_semipermeabel" title="Membran semipermeabel">Membran semipermeabel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengikat_(material)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengikat (material) (halaman belum tersedia)">Pengikat</a></li> <li><a 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