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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Wards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrounding_municipalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrounding_municipalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Surrounding municipalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrounding_municipalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Airways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Railways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-High-speed_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-speed_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>High-speed rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-speed_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conventional_lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conventional_lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>Conventional lines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conventional_lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.3</span> <span>Subways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tramways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tramways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.4</span> <span>Tramways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tramways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rapid_transit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rapid_transit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.5</span> <span>Rapid transit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rapid_transit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Busways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Busways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Busways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Busways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sightseeing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sightseeing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sightseeing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sightseeing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sightseeing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sightseeing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Points of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks/gardens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks/gardens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Parks/gardens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks/gardens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Video games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events/festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events/festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>Events/festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events/festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Winter_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winter_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8.1</span> <span>Winter sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winter_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_sport_teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_sport_teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8.2</span> <span>Professional sport teams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_sport_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Primary and secondary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_and_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Twin towns and sister cities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Twin towns and sister cities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.2</span> <span>Domestic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapporo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 126 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8D%96%E1%88%AE" title="ሳፖሮ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳፖሮ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سابورو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سابورو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساپورو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ساپورو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="সাপ্পোরো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাপ্পোরো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo-chh%C4%AB" title="Sapporo-chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sapporo-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сапара – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сапара" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Сапоро – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сапоро" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo-shi_(distrito_sa_Hapon,_lat_43,07,_long_141,35)" title="Sapporo-shi (distrito sa Hapon, lat 43,07, long 141,35) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sapporo-shi (distrito sa Hapon, lat 43,07, long 141,35)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Σαππόρο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαππόρο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saporo_(Japanio)" title="Saporo (Japanio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Saporo (Japanio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساپورو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ساپورو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF" title="𐍃𐌰𐍀𐍀𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌿 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌰𐍀𐍀𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌿" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Sapporo-sṳ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sapporo-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%BF%ED%8F%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%8B%9C" title="삿포로시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="삿포로시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8" title="Սապորո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սապորո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="साप्पोरो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साप्पोरो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95" title="סאפורו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סאפורו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="საპორო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საპორო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo,_Hokkaido" title="Sapporo, Hokkaido – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sapporo, Hokkaido" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporum" title="Sapporum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sapporum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saporo" title="Saporo – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saporo" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saporas" title="Saporas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saporas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szapporo" title="Szapporo – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szapporo" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8A" title="സാപ്പൊറൊ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാപ്പൊറൊ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="सप्पोरो – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सप्पोरो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="საპორო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="საპორო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساپورو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساپورو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساپورو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ساپورو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82" title="札幌市 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="札幌市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سیپورو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیپورو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Σαππόρο – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Σαππόρο" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saporo" title="Saporo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Saporo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Сапоро – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сапоро" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B" title="சப்போரோ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சப்போரோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0" title="ซัปโปโระ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซัปโปโระ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Саппоро – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саппоро" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساپورو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ساپورو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82" title="札幌市 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="札幌市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sapporo" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82" title="札幌市 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="札幌市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C" title="札幌 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="札幌" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sapporo&params=43_03_43_N_141_21_16_E_region:JP-01_type:city(1959750)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°03′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">141°21′16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.06194°N 141.35444°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.06194; 141.35444</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Hokkaido, Japan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Japan. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sapporo (disambiguation)">Sapporo (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Designated city in Hokkaido, Japan</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Sapporo</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="ja"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">札幌市</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Sapporo<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:178px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nighttime skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg/330px-SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg/500px-SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg/536px-SapporoCity_Skylines2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="613" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Sapporo" title="List of tallest buildings in Sapporo">Sapporo skyline</a> from <a href="/wiki/Asahiyama_Memorial_Park" title="Asahiyama Memorial Park">Asahiyama Memorial Park</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Clock_Tower_(16144265946).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sapporo Clock Tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Sapporo_Clock_Tower_%2816144265946%29.jpg/250px-Sapporo_Clock_Tower_%2816144265946%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Sapporo_Clock_Tower_%2816144265946%29.jpg/330px-Sapporo_Clock_Tower_%2816144265946%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Clock_Tower" title="Sapporo Clock Tower">Sapporo Clock Tower</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odori_Park_Sapporo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Odori Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Odori_Park_Sapporo.JPG/250px-Odori_Park_Sapporo.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Odori_Park_Sapporo.JPG/330px-Odori_Park_Sapporo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_TV_Tower" title="Sapporo TV Tower">Sapporo TV Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sapporo Beer Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG/250px-Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG/330px-Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Beer_Museum" title="Sapporo Beer Museum">Sapporo Beer Museum</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Susukino,_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th,_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Susukino area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg/132px-Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg/198px-Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg/264px-Susukino%2C_Sapporo_at_night_on_July_17th%2C_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Susukino" title="Susukino">Susukino</a> area</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Historical Village of Hokkaido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg/132px-220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg/198px-220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg/264px-220722_Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido_Sapporo_Hokkaido_Japan01s5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido" title="Historical Village of Hokkaido">Historical Village of Hokkaido</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Former Hokkaido Government Office" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg/250px-Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg/330px-Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Former_Hokkaid%C5%8D_Government_Office" title="Former Hokkaidō Government Office">Former Hokkaidō Government Office</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sapporo,_Hokkaido.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Sapporo"><img alt="Flag of Sapporo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg/100px-Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg/150px-Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg/200px-Flag_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Sapporo,_Hokkaido.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Sapporo"><img alt="Official seal of Sapporo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Emblem_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg.png" decoding="async" width="87" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Emblem_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg/250px-Emblem_of_Sapporo%2C_Hokkaido.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="390" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-lat="43.061944444444" data-lon="141.35444444444" data-overlays="["_29eec6b288607344c330c1a870d5ab46fb54e3bc"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/8/43.061944444444/141.35444444444/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,43.061944444444,141.35444444444,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sapporo&revid=1281424137&groups=_29eec6b288607344c330c1a870d5ab46fb54e3bc" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,43.061944444444,141.35444444444,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sapporo&revid=1281424137&groups=_29eec6b288607344c330c1a870d5ab46fb54e3bc 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map outlining Sapporo</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sapporo is located in Japan"><img alt="Sapporo is located in Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/300px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/450px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/600px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="373" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:17.665%;left:62.361%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sapporo"><img alt="Sapporo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Sapporo</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Japan</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sapporo&params=43_03_43_N_141_21_16_E_region:JP-01_type:city(1959750)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°03′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">141°21′16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.06194°N 141.35444°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.06194; 141.35444</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Japan" title="List of regions of Japan">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">Prefecture</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Katsuhiro_Akimoto" title="Katsuhiro Akimoto">Katsuhiro Akimoto</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,121.26 km<sup>2</sup> (432.92 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(July 31, 2023)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,959,750</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,700/km<sup>2</sup> (4,500/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,661,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B09:00" title="UTC+09:00">UTC+09:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japan_Standard_Time" title="Japan Standard Time">JST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City hall address</th><td class="infobox-data">2-1-1 Kita-ichijō-nishi, Chūō-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido<br />060-8611</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Climate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">Dfa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english">www<wbr />.city<wbr />.sapporo<wbr />.jp<wbr />/city<wbr />/english</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Symbols</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="height:0px"></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bird</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Common_cuckoo" title="Common cuckoo">Common cuckoo</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Flower</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lily_of_the_valley" title="Lily of the valley">Lily of the valley</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tree</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Syringa" title="Syringa">Lilac</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Sapporo</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sapporo_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/120px-Sapporo_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sapporo_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/250px-Sapporo_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="164" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Sapporo" in <i><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a></i></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Japanese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">札幌</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">さっぽろ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">サッポロ</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">Sapporo</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sapporo</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">札幌市</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Sapporo-shi</i></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ja-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[sapːoɾo<span class="wrap"> </span>ɕi]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/bd\/TomJ-Sapporo.ogg\/TomJ-Sapporo.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"TomJ-Sapporo.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/TomJ-Sapporo.ogg/TomJ-Sapporo.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:TomJ-Sapporo.ogg" title="File:TomJ-Sapporo.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>)</span> is a <a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">designated city</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. Located in the southwest of Hokkaido, it lies within the alluvial fan of the <a href="/wiki/Toyohira_River" title="Toyohira River">Toyohira River</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Ishikari_River" title="Ishikari River">Ishikari River</a>. Sapporo is the capital of Hokkaido Prefecture and <a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a>. As of July 31, 2023, the city has a population of 1,959,750, making it the largest city in Hokkaido and the largest north of <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>. It ranks as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">fifth most populous city</a> in Japan and is Hokkaido's cultural, economic, and political center. </p><p>Originally a plain sparsely inhabited by the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainu people</a>, there were a few trade posts of the <a href="/wiki/Matsumae_clan" title="Matsumae clan">Matsumae domain</a> in the area during the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>. The city began as an administrative centre with the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Development_Commission" title="Hokkaidō Development Commission">Hokkaido Development Commission</a> headquarters in 1869. Inspired by the ancient cities of <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heij%C5%8D-ky%C5%8D" title="Heijō-kyō">Heijō-kyō</a>, it adopted a grid plan and developed around <a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>, it replaced <a href="/wiki/Otaru" title="Otaru">Otaru</a> as Hokkaido's commercial and business hub, and its population surpassed one million by 1970. </p><p>After giving up the planned <a href="/wiki/1940_Winter_Olympics" title="1940 Winter Olympics">1940 Sapporo Winter Olympics</a>, Sapporo hosted the <a href="/wiki/1972_Winter_Olympics" title="1972 Winter Olympics">1972 Winter Olympics</a>, the first Winter Olympics ever held in Asia, and the second Olympic games held in Asia after the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964 Summer Olympics</a> in Tokyo. Sapporo recently dropped its bid for the <a href="/wiki/2030_Winter_Olympics" title="2030 Winter Olympics">2030 Winter Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a> hosted three matches during the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">2002 FIFA World Cup</a> and two matches during the <a href="/wiki/2019_Rugby_World_Cup" title="2019 Rugby World Cup">2019 Rugby World Cup</a>. Additionally, Sapporo has hosted the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Winter_Games" title="Asian Winter Games">Asian Winter Games</a> three times, in <a href="/wiki/1986_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1986 Asian Winter Games">1986</a>, <a href="/wiki/1990_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1990 Asian Winter Games">1990</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2017_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2017 Asian Winter Games">2017</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1991_Winter_Universiade" title="1991 Winter Universiade">1991 Winter Universiade</a>. </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Snow_Festival" title="Sapporo Snow Festival">Sapporo Snow Festival</a> draws more than 2 million tourists.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other notable sites include the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Beer_Museum" title="Sapporo Beer Museum">Sapporo Beer Museum</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_TV_Tower" title="Sapporo TV Tower">Sapporo TV Tower</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a>. It is home to <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a>, just north of <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Station" title="Sapporo Station">Sapporo Station</a>. The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Okadama_Airport" title="Okadama Airport">Okadama Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Chitose_Airport" title="New Chitose Airport">New Chitose Airport</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Chitose,_Hokkaido" title="Chitose, Hokkaido">Chitose</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponomy">Toponomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sapporo's name is taken from <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainuic</a> <i>sat poro pet</i> (<span title="Ainu (Japan)-language text"><span lang="ain">サッ・ポロ・ペッ</span></span>), which can be translated as "dry, great river", a reference to the Toyohira River.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Development_Commission" title="Hokkaidō Development Commission">Hokkaidō Development Commission</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg/250px-Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg/330px-Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg/500px-Hokkaido_Prefectural_Office02s5s4272.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Former_Hokkaid%C5%8D_Government_Office" title="Former Hokkaidō Government Office">Former Hokkaido Government Office</a>, built in 1888</figcaption></figure> <p>Before its establishment, the area occupied by Sapporo (Ishikari Plain, around <a href="/wiki/Ishikari,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari, Hokkaido">Ishikari, Hokkaido</a>) was home to indigenous <a href="/wiki/Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainu</a> settlements.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1866, at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>, construction began on a canal through the area, encouraging a number of early settlers to establish Sapporo village.<sup id="cite_ref-city_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-city-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1868, the officially recognized year celebrated as the "birth" of Sapporo, the new <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji</a> government concluded that the existing administrative center of Hokkaido, which at the time was the port of <a href="/wiki/Hakodate,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakodate, Hokkaido">Hakodate</a>, was in an unsuitable location for defense and further development of the island. As a result, it was determined that a new capital on the Ishikari Plain should be established. The plain itself provided an unusually large expanse of flat, well-drained land which is relatively uncommon in the otherwise mountainous geography of Hokkaido. </p><p>During 1870–1871, <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda Kiyotaka</a>, vice-chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Development_Commission" title="Hokkaidō Development Commission">Hokkaido Development Commission</a> (Kaitaku-shi), approached the American government for assistance in developing the land. As a result, <a href="/wiki/Horace_Capron" title="Horace Capron">Horace Capron</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a> under President <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a>, became an <i><a href="/wiki/Oyatoi_gaikokujin" class="mw-redirect" title="Oyatoi gaikokujin">oyatoi gaikokujin</a></i> and was appointed as a special advisor to the commission. Construction began around <a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a>, which still remains as a green ribbon of recreational land bisecting the central area of the city. The city closely followed a <a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">grid plan</a> with streets at right-angles to form city blocks. The continuing expansion of the Japanese into around Hokkaido continued, and the prosperity of Hokkaido and particularly its capital grew to the point that the Development Commission was deemed unnecessary and was abolished in 1882. In 1871, the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Shrine" title="Hokkaidō Shrine">Hokkaidō Shrine</a> was built in its current location as the Sapporo Shrine. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Dun" title="Edwin Dun">Edwin Dun</a> came to Sapporo to establish sheep and cattle ranches in 1876. He also demonstrated pig raising and the making of butter, cheese, ham and sausage. He was married twice, to Japanese women. He once went back to the US in 1883 but returned to Japan as a secretary of government. <a href="/wiki/William_S._Clark" title="William S. Clark">William S. Clark</a>, who was the president of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (now the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">University of Massachusetts Amherst</a>), came to be the founding vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Agricultural_College" title="Sapporo Agricultural College">Sapporo Agricultural College</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a>) for eight months from 1876 to 1877. He taught academic subjects in science and lectured on the Bible as an "ethics" course, introducing Christian principles to the first entering class of the college. </p><p>In 1880, the entire area of Sapporo was renamed as "Sapporo-ku" (Sapporo Ward),<sup id="cite_ref-2nd_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2nd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a railroad between Sapporo and <a href="/wiki/Temiya_Line" title="Temiya Line">Temiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otaru,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Otaru, Hokkaido">Otaru</a> was laid. That year the <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dheikan" title="Hōheikan">Hōheikan</a>, a hotel and reception facility for visiting officials and dignitaries, was built adjacent to the Odori Park. It was later moved to <a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Park" title="Nakajima Park">Nakajima Park</a> where it remains today. Two years later, with the abolition of the Kaitaku-shi, Hokkaidō was divided into three prefectures: Hakodate, Sapporo, and Nemuro. The name of the urban district in Sapporo remained Sapporo-ku, while the rest of the area in Sapporo-ku was changed to Sapporo-gun. The office building of Sapporo-ku was also located in the urban district.<sup id="cite_ref-2nd_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2nd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sapporo, Hakodate, and Nemuro Prefectures were abolished in 1886, and <a href="/wiki/Former_Hokkaid%C5%8D_Government_Office" title="Former Hokkaidō Government Office">Hokkaidō government office building</a>, an American-<a href="/wiki/Baroque_Revival_architecture" title="Baroque Revival architecture">neo-baroque</a>-style structure with red bricks, constructed in 1888. The last squad of the Tondenhei, the soldiers pioneering Hokkaido, settled in the place where the area of Tonden in <a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Sapporo" title="Kita-ku, Sapporo">Kita-ku, Sapporo</a> is currently located. Sapporo-ku administered surrounding Sapporo-gun until 1899, when the new district system was announced. After that year, Sapporo-ku was away from the control of Sapporo-gun.<sup id="cite_ref-2nd_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2nd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "ku" (district) enforced from 1899 was an autonomy which was a little bigger than towns, and smaller than cities. In Hokkaido at that time, Hakodate-ku and Otaru-ku also existed.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg/250px-Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg/330px-Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg/500px-Odori_Park_in_Sapporo_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a> in 1936</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1907, <a href="/wiki/Tohoku_Imperial_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Tohoku Imperial University">Tohoku Imperial University</a> was established in <a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a> Miyagi Prefecture, and <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Agricultural_College" title="Sapporo Agricultural College">Sapporo Agricultural College</a> became part of the university as its agriculture faculty. Parts of neighbouring villages including Sapporo Village, Naebo Village, Kami Shiroishi Village, and districts where the Tonden-hei had settled, were integrated into Sapporo-ku in 1910. The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Streetcar" title="Sapporo Streetcar">Sapporo Streetcar</a> was opened in 1918, and <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido Imperial University</a> was established in Sapporo-ku, as the fifth <a href="/wiki/National_Seven_Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="National Seven Universities">Imperial University</a> in Japan, by separating the agriculture faculty of Tohoku Imperial University again. Another railroad operated in Sapporo, the Jōzankei Line, which was ultimately abolished in 1969. </p><p>In 1922, the new city system was announced by the national government in Tokyo, and Sapporo-ku was officially renamed Sapporo City.<sup id="cite_ref-city_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-city-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sapporo Municipal Bus System was started in 1930. In 1937, Sapporo was chosen as the site of the <a href="/wiki/1940_Winter_Olympics" title="1940 Winter Olympics">1940 Winter Olympics</a>, but due to the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a>, this was cancelled the next year. Maruyama Town was integrated as a part of Chūō-ku in 1940, and the <a href="/wiki/Okadama_Airport" title="Okadama Airport">Okadama Airport</a> was constructed in 1942. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the city was <a href="/wiki/Air_raids_on_Japan#Naval_air_attacks" title="Air raids on Japan">bombed by American naval aircraft</a> in July 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG/250px-Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG/330px-Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG/500px-Odori_Park_Sapporo_Snow_Festival_2007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2260" data-file-height="3390" /></a><figcaption>The first <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Snow_Festival" title="Sapporo Snow Festival">Sapporo Snow Festival</a> was held in 1950</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/220px--Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="31" data-mwtitle="Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg/Sapporo_view_of_city_from_Sapporo_TV_tower_-_2016_08_14.ogg.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>View of the city from <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_TV_Tower" title="Sapporo TV Tower">Sapporo TV Tower</a>, 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Snow_Festival" title="Sapporo Snow Festival">Sapporo Snow Festival</a> was held in 1950. In the same year, adjacent Shiroishi Village was integrated into Sapporo City, rendered as a part of Shiroishi-ku, and Atsubetsu-ku.<sup id="cite_ref-sapporo_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapporo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1955, Kotoni Town, the entire Sapporo Village, and Shinoro Village were merged into Sapporo, becoming a part of the current Chūō-ku, Kita-ku, Higashi-ku, Nishi-ku, and Teine-ku.<sup id="cite_ref-sapporo_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapporo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expansion of Sapporo continued, with the merger of Toyohira Town in 1961, and Teine Town in 1967, each becoming a part of Toyohira-ku, Kiyota-ku, and Teine-ku.<sup id="cite_ref-sapporo_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapporo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ceremony commemorating the 100th anniversary of the foundation of Sapporo and Hokkaido was held in 1968. The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Municipal_Subway" title="Sapporo Municipal Subway">Sapporo Municipal Subway</a> system was inaugurated in 1971, which made Sapporo the fourth city in Japan to have a subway system. From February 3 to 13, 1972, the <a href="/wiki/1972_Winter_Olympics" title="1972 Winter Olympics">1972 Winter Olympics</a> were held, the first Winter Olympics held in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-city_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-city-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 1 of the same year, Sapporo was designated as one of the <a href="/wiki/City_designated_by_government_ordinance" class="mw-redirect" title="City designated by government ordinance">cities designated by government ordinance</a>, and seven wards were established.<sup id="cite_ref-sapporo_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapporo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last public performance by the opera singer, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a>, was in Sapporo at the Hokkaido Koseinenkin Kaikan on 11 November 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sapporo Municipal Subway was expanded when the Tōzai line started operation in 1976, and the Tōhō line was opened in 1988. In 1989, Atsubetsu-ku and Teine-ku were separated from Shiroishi-ku and Nishi-ku. Annual events in Sapporo were started, such as the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Music_Festival" title="Pacific Music Festival">Pacific Music Festival</a> in 1990, and Yosakoi Sōran Festival in 1992. A professional football club, <a href="/wiki/Consadole_Sapporo" class="mw-redirect" title="Consadole Sapporo">Consadole Sapporo</a>, was established in 1996. In 1997, Kiyota-ku was separated from Toyohira-ku. In the same year, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Takushoku_Bank" title="Hokkaido Takushoku Bank">Hokkaidō Takushoku Bank</a>, a Hokkaido-based bank with headquarters in Odori, went bankrupt.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2001 the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a> was completed, and in 2002 the Dome hosted three matches during the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">2002 FIFA World Cup</a>: Germany vs Saudi Arabia, Argentina vs England and Italy vs Ecuador, all of which were in the first round. Fumio Ueda, was elected as Sapporo mayor for the first time in 2003. Sapporo became the home to a <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</a> team, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Nippon-Ham_Fighters" title="Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters">Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters</a>, in 2004, which won the <a href="/wiki/2006_Japan_Series" title="2006 Japan Series">2006 Japan Series</a>, and the victory parade was held on Ekimae-Dōri (a street in front of <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Station" title="Sapporo Station">Sapporo Station</a>) in February 2007. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Shinkansen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidō Shinkansen">Hokkaidō Shinkansen</a> line, which currently connects <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> to <a href="/wiki/Hakodate,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakodate, Hokkaido">Hakodate</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Seikan_Tunnel" title="Seikan Tunnel">Seikan Tunnel</a>, is planned to link to Sapporo by 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg/250px-Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg/330px-Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg/500px-Indicator_map_for_Ishikari_and_Sorachi_Subprefecture_in_Hokkaido_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>Location of <a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sapporo is a city located in the southwest part of Ishikari Plain and the <a href="/wiki/Alluvial_fan" title="Alluvial fan">alluvial fan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Toyohira_River" title="Toyohira River">Toyohira River</a>, a tributary stream of the <a href="/wiki/Ishikari_River" title="Ishikari River">Ishikari River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-location_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-location-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is part of <a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a>. Roadways in the urban district are laid to make a grid plan. The western and southern parts of Sapporo are occupied by a number of mountains including Mount Teine, Maruyama, and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Moiwa" title="Mount Moiwa">Mount Moiwa</a>, as well as many rivers including the Ishikari River, Toyohira River, and Sōsei River. Sapporo has an elevation of 29 m (95 ft 2 in).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sapporo has many parks, including Odori Park, which is located in the heart of the city and hosts a number of annual events and festivals throughout the year. <a href="/wiki/Moerenuma_Park" title="Moerenuma Park">Moerenuma Park</a> is also one of the largest parks in Sapporo, and was constructed under the plan of <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Noguchi" title="Isamu Noguchi">Isamu Noguchi</a>, a Japanese-American artist and landscape architect. </p><p>Neighbouring cities are <a href="/wiki/Ishikari,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari, Hokkaido">Ishikari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ebetsu,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebetsu, Hokkaido">Ebetsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kitahiroshima,_Hokkaido" title="Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido">Kitahiroshima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eniwa,_Hokkaido" title="Eniwa, Hokkaido">Eniwa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chitose,_Hokkaido" title="Chitose, Hokkaido">Chitose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otaru,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Otaru, Hokkaido">Otaru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Date,_Hokkaido" title="Date, Hokkaido">Date</a>, and adjoining towns are <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Tōbetsu, Hokkaido">Tōbetsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kimobetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Kimobetsu, Hokkaido">Kimobetsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgoku,_Hokkaido" title="Kyōgoku, Hokkaido">Kyōgoku</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: auto; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> Sapporo </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: auto; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.168em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">108</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.72em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.92em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">0</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.22em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−6</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.838em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">92</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.76em;height:1.32em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.08em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">0</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.26em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−6</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.552em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">78</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.52em;height:1.38em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">5</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.02em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.092em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">55</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.68em;height:1.66em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.34em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.18em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">3</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.11em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">56</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.8em;height:1.78em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.58em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.208em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">60</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.68em;height:1.68em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.36em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">22</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.18em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">13</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.814em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">91</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.58em;height:1.5em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.08em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.08em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.536em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">127</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.82em;height:1.46em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.28em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">26</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.32em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.844em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">142</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.96em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.56em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">23</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.46em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">15</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.198em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">110</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.68em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.28em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">16</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.276em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">114</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.32em;height:1.42em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.74em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.82em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.29em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">115</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.2em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−4</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: auto; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.168em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.72em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.92em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">31</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.22em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">20</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.838em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.76em;height:1.32em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.08em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">33</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.26em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.552em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.52em;height:1.38em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.02em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">28</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.092em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.68em;height:1.66em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.34em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">53</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.18em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">38</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.11em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.8em;height:1.78em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.58em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.208em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.68em;height:1.68em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.36em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">71</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.18em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">56</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.814em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.58em;height:1.5em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.08em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">78</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.08em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.536em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.82em;height:1.46em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.28em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">80</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.32em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.844em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.96em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.56em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">73</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.46em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">59</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.198em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.68em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.28em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">62</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.276em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.32em;height:1.42em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.74em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.82em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">35</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.29em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.2em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sapporo has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dfa</i>), with a wide range of temperature between the summer and winter. Summers are generally warm and humid, but not oppressively hot, and winters are cold and very snowy, with an average snowfall of 4.79 m (15 ft 9 in) per year.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sapporo is one of few metropolises in the world with such heavy snowfall,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> enabling it to hold events and festivals with snow statues. The heavy snowfall is due to the <a href="/wiki/Siberian_High" title="Siberian High">Siberian High</a> developing over the Eurasian land mass and the <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Low" title="Aleutian Low">Aleutian Low</a> developing over the northern Pacific Ocean, resulting in a flow of cold air southeastward across Tsushima Current and to western Hokkaido. The city's annual average precipitation is around 1,100 mm (43.3 in), and the mean annual temperature is 8.5 °C (47.3 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-normals_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-normals-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The highest temperature ever recorded in Sapporo was 36.3 °C (97.3 °F) on August 23, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-extremes_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremes-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coldest temperature ever recorded was −28.5 °C (−19.3 °F) on 1 February 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-extremes_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremes-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Sapporo (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1877−present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4<br />(81.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4<br />(79.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7<br />(47.7) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.2<br />(26.2) </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.7<br />(27.1) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.2<br />(48.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.4<br />(20.5) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.2<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.4<br />(27.7) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.0<br />(24.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.8<br />(10.8) </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.7<br />(10.9) </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.9<br />(17.8) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4<br />(29.5) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7<br />(47.7) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.6<br />(23.7) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.0<br />(15.8) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−12.8<br />(9.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.0<br />(−16.6) </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−28.5<br />(−19.3) </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.6<br />(−8.7) </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.6<br />(5.7) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.2<br />(24.4) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.4<br />(24.1) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.5<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.7<br />(−12.5) </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−28.5<br />(−19.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">108.4<br />(4.27) </td> <td style="background: #68FF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.9<br />(3.62) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.6<br />(3.06) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.6<br />(2.15) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(2.19) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.4<br />(2.38) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.7<br />(3.57) </td> <td style="background: #42FF42; color:#000000;" class="notheme">126.8<br />(4.99) </td> <td style="background: #24FF24; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.2<br />(5.60) </td> <td style="background: #5BFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">109.9<br />(4.33) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8<br />(4.48) </td> <td style="background: #54FF54; color:#000000;" class="notheme">114.5<br />(4.51) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,146.1<br />(45.12) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">137<br />(54) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">116<br />(46) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74<br />(29) </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(2.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">30<br />(12) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">113<br />(44) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">479<br />(189) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76<br />(30) </td> <td style="background: #0000D9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">95<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(8.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15<br />(5.9) </td> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47<br />(19) </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">97<br />(38) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.5 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000ED; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000FA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.2 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.3 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.0 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.3 </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.9 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">175.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #000096; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">29.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000A8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">25.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22.5 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">— </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000B3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">26.8 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">124.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8<br />(18) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8<br />(18) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1<br />(30) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(54) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(61) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13<br />(55) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4<br />(39) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #A5A5A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4 </td> <td style="background: #B3B371; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.5 </td> <td style="background: #C1C11C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.7 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175.8 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">200.4 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">180.0 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168.0 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168.1 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.3 </td> <td style="background: #C2C218; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145.9 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.1 </td> <td style="background: #979797; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.7 </td> <td style="background: #C2C219; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,718 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Japan Meteorological Agency<sup id="cite_ref-normals_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-normals-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-extremes_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremes-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV),<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005–2015),<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Météo Climat<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="width: 80%;"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/charts/">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Chart" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Chart">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small>See or edit <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/data:Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Sapporo.tab" class="extiw" title="commons:data:Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Sapporo.tab">raw graph data</a>.</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wards">Wards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Wards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sapporo currently has ten <a href="/wiki/Wards_of_Japan" title="Wards of Japan">wards</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">区</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">ku</i></span>)</span>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg/250px-Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg/330px-Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg/500px-Sapporo-City-Hall-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1888" data-file-height="2839" /></a><figcaption>Sapporo City Hall (June 2007)</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th style="width: 190px;">Name </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a> </th> <th>Population </th> <th><i>Land area in km<sup>2</sup></i> </th> <th>Pop. density <p><i>per km<sup>2</sup></i> </p> </th> <th>Map of Sapporo </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atsubetsu-ku,_Sapporo" title="Atsubetsu-ku, Sapporo">Atsubetsu-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">厚別区</span></span></span> </td> <td>127,299 </td> <td>24.38 </td> <td>5,221 </td> <td rowspan="24"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wards_of_Sapporo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="A map of Sapporo's Wards"><img alt="A map of Sapporo's Wards" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wards_of_Sapporo.png/500px-Wards_of_Sapporo.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="429" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wards_of_Sapporo.png/600px-Wards_of_Sapporo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wards_of_Sapporo.png/800px-Wards_of_Sapporo.png 2x" data-file-width="848" data-file-height="909" /></a><figcaption>A map of Sapporo's Wards</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Sapporo" title="Chūō-ku, Sapporo">Chūō-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">中央区</span></span></span> </td> <td>237,761 </td> <td>46.42 </td> <td>5,122 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Higashi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Higashi-ku, Sapporo">Higashi-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">東区</span></span></span> </td> <td>261,901 </td> <td>56.97 </td> <td>4,597 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Sapporo" title="Kita-ku, Sapporo">Kita-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">北区</span></span></span> </td> <td>286,026 </td> <td>63.57 </td> <td>4,499 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kiyota-ku,_Sapporo" title="Kiyota-ku, Sapporo">Kiyota-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">清田区</span></span></span> </td> <td>113,556 </td> <td>59.87 </td> <td>1,897 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minami-ku,_Sapporo" title="Minami-ku, Sapporo">Minami-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">南区</span></span></span> </td> <td>136,774 </td> <td>657.48 </td> <td>208 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Nishi-ku, Sapporo">Nishi-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">西区</span></span></span> </td> <td>216,835 </td> <td>75.10 </td> <td>2,887 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiroishi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo">Shiroishi-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">白石区</span></span></span> </td> <td>213,310 </td> <td>34.47 </td> <td>6,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teine-ku,_Sapporo" title="Teine-ku, Sapporo">Teine-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">手稲区</span></span></span> </td> <td>141,886 </td> <td>56.77 </td> <td>2,499 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toyohira-ku,_Sapporo" title="Toyohira-ku, Sapporo">Toyohira-ku</a> </td> <td><span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">豊平区</span></span></span> </td> <td>223,408 </td> <td>46.23 </td> <td>4,833 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics">Demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first census of the population of Sapporo was taken in 1873, when 753 families with a total of 1,785 people were recorded in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has an estimated population of 1,959,750 as of July 31, 2023 and a <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> of 1,748 persons per km<sup>2</sup> (4,500 persons per mi<sup>2</sup>). The total area is 1,121.26 km<sup>2</sup> (432.92 <a href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">sq mi</a>). </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:30em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;margin:0.5em auto;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr valign="top"><td style="padding:0 0.5em"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1873 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,785</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1920 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">105,182</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5792.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1925 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">149,314</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+42.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">174,179</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1935 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">196,541</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+12.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1940 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">206,103</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">313,850</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+52.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1955 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">426,620</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+35.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">523,839</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1965 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">794,908</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+51.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,010,123</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+27.1%</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="padding:0 0.5em;border-left:solid 1px #aaa"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1975 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,240,613</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,401,757</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1985 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,542,979</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,671,742</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+8.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,757,025</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,822,368</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2005 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,880,863</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,913,545</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2015 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,952,356</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,970,277</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.9%</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Bureau_(Japan)" title="Statistics Bureau (Japan)">Statistics Bureau</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.e-stat.go.jp/SG1/estat/GL02100104.do?tocd=00200521">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Surrounding_municipalities">Surrounding municipalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Surrounding municipalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ebetsu" title="Ebetsu">Ebetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitahiroshima,_Hokkaido" title="Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido">Kitahiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishikari,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari, Hokkaido">Ishikari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eniwa,_Hokkaido" title="Eniwa, Hokkaido">Eniwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitose,_Hokkaido" title="Chitose, Hokkaido">Chitose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_District,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari District, Hokkaido">Ishikari District</a>：<a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Tōbetsu, Hokkaido">Tōbetsu</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Subprefecture" title="Shiribeshi Subprefecture">Shiribeshi Subprefecture</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otaru" title="Otaru">Otaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abuta_District,_Hokkaido" title="Abuta District, Hokkaido">Abuta District</a>：<a href="/wiki/Kimobetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Kimobetsu, Hokkaido">Kimobetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abuta_District,_Hokkaido" title="Abuta District, Hokkaido">Abuta District</a>：<a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgoku,_Hokkaido" title="Kyōgoku, Hokkaido">Kyōgoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoichi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yoichi District, Hokkaido">Yoichi District</a>：<a href="/wiki/Akaigawa,_Hokkaido" title="Akaigawa, Hokkaido">Akaigawa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Iburi_Subprefecture" title="Iburi Subprefecture">Iburi Subprefecture</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Date,_Hokkaido" title="Date, Hokkaido">Date</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sapporo" title="Special:EditPage/Sapporo">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png/220px-Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png/330px-Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png/440px-Sapporo_Metropolitan_Employment_Area_2015.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Sapporo <a href="/wiki/Urban_Employment_Area" title="Urban Employment Area">MEA</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The tertiary sector dominates Sapporo's industry. Major industries include information technology, retail, and tourism, as Sapporo is a destination for winter sports and events and summer activities due to its comparatively cool climate.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is also the manufacturing centre of Hokkaido, manufacturing various goods such as food and related products, fabricated metal products, steel, machinery, beverages, and pulp and paper.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Breweries" title="Sapporo Breweries">Sapporo Breweries</a>, founded in 1876, is a major company and employer in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_International_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido International Airlines">Hokkaido International Airlines</a> (Air Do) is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Sapporo" title="Chūō-ku, Sapporo">Chūō-ku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2004, <a href="/wiki/Air_Nippon_Network" title="Air Nippon Network">Air Nippon Network</a> was headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Higashi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Higashi-ku, Sapporo">Higashi-ku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other companies headquartered in Sapporo include <a href="/wiki/Crypton_Future_Media" title="Crypton Future Media">Crypton Future Media</a>, <a href="/wiki/DB-SOFT" title="DB-SOFT">DB-Soft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Air_System" title="Hokkaido Air System">Hokkaido Air System</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Royce%27" title="Royce'">Royce'</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/250px-%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/330px-%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/500px-%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E9%A7%85%EF%BC%88Sapporo_Station_-_Hokkaido_Railway_company%EF%BC%89_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Station" title="Sapporo Station">Sapporo Station</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg/200px-Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg/300px-Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg/400px-Sapporo_9000_9001_Odori_20150521.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1596" data-file-height="1194" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Municipal_Subway" title="Sapporo Municipal Subway">Sapporo Municipal Subway</a> is the only rubber-tyred metro system in East Asia.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG/250px-Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG/330px-Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG/500px-Sapporo_Street_Car_Type_A1200_027.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Streetcar" title="Sapporo Streetcar">Sapporo Streetcar</a> is currently the only operational circular tram system in Asia (although <a href="/wiki/Circular_light_rail" title="Circular light rail">a similar tram system</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung" title="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> is planned to begin operation later in 2023).</figcaption></figure> <p>Sapporo has one streetcar line, three <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Railway_Company" title="Hokkaido Railway Company">JR Hokkaido</a> lines, three subway lines and <a href="/wiki/JR_Hokkaido_Bus_Company" title="JR Hokkaido Bus Company">JR Bus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Chuo_Bus" title="Hokkaido Chuo Bus">Chuo Bus</a> and other bus lines. Sapporo Subway trains have rubber-tired wheels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airways">Airways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Airways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airport">Airport</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sapporo area is served by two airports: <a href="/wiki/Okadama_Airport" title="Okadama Airport">Okadama Airport</a>, which offers regional flights within Hokkaido and Tohoku, and <a href="/wiki/New_Chitose_Airport" title="New Chitose Airport">New Chitose Airport</a>, a larger international airport located in the city of <a href="/wiki/Chitose,_Hokkaido" title="Chitose, Hokkaido">Chitose</a> 30 mi (48 km) away, connected by regular rapid trains taking around 40 minutes. The Sapporo-Tokyo route between New Chitose and Haneda is the second busiest in the world only after Gimpo to Jeju route. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railways">Railways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Railways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/JR_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="JR Hokkaido">JR Hokkaido</a> Stations in Sapporo </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="High-speed_rail">High-speed rail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: High-speed rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/JR_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="JR Hokkaido">JR Hokkaido</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Shinkansen" title="Hokkaido Shinkansen">Hokkaido Shinkansen</a>（2032）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conventional_lines">Conventional lines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Conventional lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/JR_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="JR Hokkaido">JR Hokkaido</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate_Main_Line" title="Hakodate Main Line">Hakodate Line</a>: (Zenibako) – Hoshimi – Hoshioki – Inaho – Teine – Inazumi Kōen – Hassamu – Hassamu Chūō – Kotoni – Sōen – Sapporo – Naebo – Shiroishi – Atsubetsu – Shinrinkōen – (Ōasa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitose_Line" title="Chitose Line">Chitose Line</a>: Heiwa – Shin Sapporo – Kami Nopporo – (Kita-Hiroshima)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassh%C5%8D_Line" title="Sasshō Line">Sasshō Line</a> (Gakuentoshi Line): Sōen – Hachiken – Shinkawa – Shinkotoni – Taihei – Yurigahara – Shinoro – Takuhoku – Ainosato Kyōikudai – Ainosato Kōen – (Ishikari Futomi)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subways">Subways</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Subways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Municipal_Subway" title="Sapporo Municipal Subway">Sapporo Municipal Subway</a> provides urban transit service.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tramways">Tramways</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Tramways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Streetcar" title="Sapporo Streetcar">Sapporo Streetcar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rapid_transit">Rapid transit</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Rapid transit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Moiwa_Ropeway" title="Mount Moiwa Ropeway">Mount Moiwa Ropeway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teineyama_Ropeway" title="Teineyama Ropeway">Teineyama Ropeway</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Busways">Busways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Busways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An airport shuttle bus servicing hotels in Sapporo operates every day of the year. SkyExpress was founded in 2005 and also provides transport to and from various ski resorts throughout Hokkaido, including <a href="/wiki/Niseko,_Hokkaido" title="Niseko, Hokkaido">Niseko</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sightseeing">Sightseeing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sightseeing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG/250px-Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG/330px-Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG/500px-Sapporo_Beer_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Beer_Museum" title="Sapporo Beer Museum">Sapporo Beer Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg/200px-Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg/300px-Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg/400px-Spectaculars_of_Susukino-Sapporo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2870" data-file-height="2155" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Susukino" title="Susukino">Susukino</a>, the entertainment district of Sapporo</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_(31503219368).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg/250px-Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg/330px-Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg/500px-Sapporo_%2831503219368%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6240" data-file-height="4160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a> (2018)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Points_of_interest">Points of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Points of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Former_Hokkaid%C5%8D_government_office_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Former Hokkaidō government office building">former Hokkaidō government office building</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Clock_Tower" title="Sapporo Clock Tower">Sapporo Clock Tower</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_Shrine" title="Hokkaidō Shrine">Hokkaidō Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishino_Shrine" title="Nishino Shrine">Nishino Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Museum" title="Hokkaido Museum">Hokkaido Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Village_of_Hokkaido" title="Historical Village of Hokkaido">Historical Village of Hokkaido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Buried_Cultural_Property_Center" title="Sapporo Buried Cultural Property Center">Sapporo Buried Cultural Property Center</a></li> <li>The Sapporo City Archive Museum (Former Sapporo Court of Appeal)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Dun" title="Edwin Dun">Edwin Dun</a> Memorial Hall</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University_Museum" title="Hokkaido University Museum">Hokkaido University Museum</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Beer_Museum" title="Sapporo Beer Museum">Sapporo Beer Museum</a> & <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Factory" title="Sapporo Factory">Sapporo Factory</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_TV_Tower" title="Sapporo TV Tower">Sapporo TV Tower</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Convention_Center" title="Sapporo Convention Center">Sapporo Convention Center</a></li> <li>The Sapporo Salmon Museum in <a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Park" title="Makomanai Park">Makomanai Park</a></li> <li>The Sunpiazza Aquarium</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_JR_Tower" title="Sapporo JR Tower">Sapporo JR Tower</a> adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Station" title="Sapporo Station">Sapporo Station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sapporo Ramen Yokocho and Norubesa (a building with a Ferris wheel) are in <a href="/wiki/Susukino" title="Susukino">Susukino</a> district. The district also has the Tanuki Kōji Shopping Arcade, the oldest shopping mall in the city. </p><p>The district of Jōzankei in Minami-ku has many resort hotels with steam baths and <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">onsen</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Peace_Pagoda" title="Peace Pagoda">Peace Pagoda</a>, one of many such monuments across the world built by the Buddhist order Nipponzan Myohoji to promote and inspire world peace, has a <a href="/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa">stupa</a> that was built in 1959,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> halfway up Mount Moiwa, to commemorate peace after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. It contains some of the ashes of the Buddha that were presented to the Emperor of Japan by Prime Minister Nehru in 1954. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Another portion was presented to <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> by the Nipponzan-Myohoji monk, Junsei Terasawa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks/gardens"><span id="Parks.2Fgardens"></span>Parks/gardens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Parks/gardens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahiyama_Memorial_Park" title="Asahiyama Memorial Park">Asahiyama Memorial Park</a> offers great views of the city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitsujigaoka_Observation_Hill" title="Hitsujigaoka Observation Hill">Hitsujigaoka Observation Hill</a> has a farm with sheep and attracts visitors with a statue of <a href="/wiki/William_S._Clark" title="William S. Clark">William S. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University_Botanical_Gardens" title="Hokkaido University Botanical Gardens">Hokkaido University Botanical Gardens</a> and The Chizaki Rose Garden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maruyama_Park_(Sapporo)" title="Maruyama Park (Sapporo)">Maruyama Park</a> is located next to the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido Shrine">Hokkaido Shrine</a> and houses the <a href="/wiki/Maruyama_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Maruyama Zoo">Maruyama Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moerenuma_Park" title="Moerenuma Park">Moerenuma Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Park" title="Nakajima Park">Nakajima Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishioka_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nishioka Park (page does not exist)">Nishioka Park</a> is a location of rich nature that centers around a pond and consists of marshland and the forest of the Tsukisamu River and its upper river basin. This park also serves as one of the main habitats in <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> for many types of wild birds.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1934 – The International Contemporary Music Festival was held by <a href="/wiki/Akira_Ifukube" title="Akira Ifukube">Akira Ifukube</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Hayasaka" title="Fumio Hayasaka">Fumio Hayasaka</a>, Atsushi Miura, and Isamu Ifukube (30 September)</li> <li>1936 – Russian composer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tcherepnin" title="Alexander Tcherepnin">Alexander Tcherepnin</a> visited Sapporo</li> <li>1960 – The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Sapporo Symphony Orchestra">Sapporo Symphony Orchestra</a> founded</li> <li>1962 – <a href="/wiki/John_Cage" title="John Cage">John Cage</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Tudor" title="David Tudor">David Tudor</a> visited Sapporo</li> <li>1966 – <a href="/wiki/Berliner_Philharmoniker" class="mw-redirect" title="Berliner Philharmoniker">Berliner Philharmoniker</a> with <a href="/wiki/Herbert_von_Karajan" title="Herbert von Karajan">Herbert von Karajan</a> performed <a href="/wiki/Brahms" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahms">Brahms</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._2_(Brahms)" title="Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)">Symphony No. 2</a> at Sapporo Shimin Kaikan (April)</li> <li>1974 – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a> last public performance at the Hokkaido Koseinenkin Kaikan (11 November)</li> <li>1986 – The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Art_Park" title="Sapporo Art Park">Sapporo Art Park</a> include the Outdoor Stage and Art Hall (27 July)</li> <li>1990 – The <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Music_Festival" title="Pacific Music Festival">Pacific Music Festival</a> (PMF) started</li> <li>1997 – The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Concert_Hall" title="Sapporo Concert Hall">Sapporo Concert Hall</a> Kitara opened</li> <li>2007 - 01\_ballade" by Eiji Hirasawa was a demo later renamed to Hoshi no Kakera for the full song</li> <li>2018 – The Sapporo Community Plaza opened</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art">Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art</a> represents Hokkaido artists like Eien Iwahashi, Kinjiro Kida, <a href="/wiki/Nissho_Kanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Nissho Kanda">Nissho Kanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamako_Kataoka" title="Tamako Kataoka">Tamako Kataoka</a>, and especially glass objects of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="École de Paris">École de Paris</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hong%C5%8D_Shin_Memorial_Museum_of_Sculpture,_Sapporo" title="Hongō Shin Memorial Museum of Sculpture, Sapporo">Hongō Shin Memorial Museum of Sculpture</a> hosts a collection of over 1,800 works by the artist Hongō Shin.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Art_Park" title="Sapporo Art Park">Sapporo Art Park</a> contains Art museum featuring outdoor installations & a sculpture garden, and the old house of <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Arishima" title="Takeo Arishima">Takeo Arishima</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moerenuma_Park" title="Moerenuma Park">Moerenuma Park</a> including the Glass Pyramid, designed by <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Noguchi" title="Isamu Noguchi">Isamu Noguchi</a></li> <li>The Migishi Kotaro Museum of Art</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Miyanomori_Art_Museum" title="Miyanomori Art Museum">Miyanomori Art Museum</a></li> <li>The Sapporo Odori 500-m Underground Walkway Gallery</li> <li>Member of UNESCO <a href="/wiki/Creative_Cities_Network" title="Creative Cities Network">Creative Cities Network</a> as a Creative City of Media Arts since 2013</li> <li>Sapporo International Art Festival (2014/2017/2024)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The Hokkaido Museum of Literature</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Arishima" title="Takeo Arishima">Takeo Arishima</a> Residence in <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Art_Park" title="Sapporo Art Park">Sapporo Art Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junichi_Watanabe_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Junichi Watanabe (writer)">Junichi Watanabe</a> Museum of Literature</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Idiot_(1951_film)" title="The Idiot (1951 film)">The Idiot (1951 film)</a> by <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a></li> <li>The Northern Museum of Visual Culture</li> <li>Theater Kino</li> <li>The Sapporo International Short Film Festival and Market</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_games">Video games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Video games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_5" title="Yakuza 5">Yakuza 5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Persona_5_Strikers" title="Persona 5 Strikers">Persona 5 Strikers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Diamond_and_Pearl" title="Pokémon Diamond and Pearl">Pokémon Diamond and Pearl</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Platinum" title="Pokémon Platinum">Pokémon Platinum</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Legends:_Arceus" title="Pokémon Legends: Arceus">Pokémon Legends: Arceus</a></i>, Jubilife City, the capital of the Sinnoh region, is based on Sapporo.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events/festivals"><span id="Events.2Ffestivals"></span>Events/festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Events/festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg/250px-YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg/330px-YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg/500px-YOSAKOI_Soran_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Dancers in the Yosakoi Sōran Festival</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg/250px-US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg/330px-US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg/500px-US_Navy_060209-N-7526R-205_Illuminated_trees_and_ice_sculptures_line_the_streets_leading_up_to_Sapporo%27s_TV_Tower_during_the_Sapporo_Ice_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Snow_Festival" title="Sapporo Snow Festival">Sapporo Snow Festival</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>February</b>: the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Snow_Festival" title="Sapporo Snow Festival">Sapporo Snow Festival</a> The main site is at Odori Park, and other sites include Susukino (known as the Susukino Ice Festival) and <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Satoland" title="Sapporo Satoland">Sapporo Satoland</a>. Many of the snow and ice statues are built by members of the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Ground_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Ground Self-Defense Force">Japan Ground Self-Defense Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-events_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-events-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>May</b>: the Sapporo Lilac Festival. <a href="/wiki/Syringa_vulgaris" title="Syringa vulgaris">Lilac</a> was brought to Sapporo in 1889 by an American educator, Sarah Clara Smith. At the festival, people enjoy the flowers, wine and live music. </p><p><b>June</b>: the Yosakoi Soran Festival. The sites of the festival are centered on Odori Park and the street leading to Susukino, and there are other festival sites. In the festival, many dance teams dance to music composed based on a Japanese traditional song, "<a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dran_Bushi" title="Sōran Bushi">Sōran Bushi</a>". Members of the dancing teams wear special costumes and compete on the roads or stages constructed on the festival sites. In 2006, 350 teams were featured with around 45,000 dancers, and over 1,860,000 people visited the festival.<sup id="cite_ref-events_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-events-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Sapporo Summer Festival. People enjoy drinking at the beer garden in Odori Park and on the streets of <a href="/wiki/Susukino" title="Susukino">Susukino</a>. This festival consists of a number of fairs such as Tanuki Festival and Susukino Festival.<sup id="cite_ref-events_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-events-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>September</b>: the Sapporo Autumn Festival </p><p><b>December</b>: <a href="/wiki/Christmas_market" title="Christmas market">Christmas market</a> in Odori Park, similar to German Christmas markets. </p><p>From November through January, many citizens enjoy the Sapporo White <a href="/wiki/Lighting" title="Lighting">Illuminations</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg/200px-Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg/300px-Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg/400px-Soupcurry-hareruya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Soup curry</figcaption></figure> <p>The city is home to <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Breweries" title="Sapporo Breweries">Sapporo Brewery</a>, white chocolate biscuits known as 'shiroi koibito' (白い恋人), and also as the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Miso" title="Miso">miso</a> ramen.<sup id="cite_ref-ramen_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ramen-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kouraku Ramen Meitengai, in the Susukino district, is an alley lined with many miso ramen restaurants, since 1951. After its demolition, due to plans for the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapporo Olympics">Sapporo Olympics</a>, the Ganso Sapporo Ramen Yokocho was established in its place. It attracts many tourists throughout the year.<sup id="cite_ref-ramen_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ramen-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the year 1966, a food company named, Sanyo Foods, began to sell instant ramen under the brand name, "<a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Ichiban" title="Sapporo Ichiban">Sapporo Ichiban</a>". </p><p><a href="/wiki/Haskap" class="mw-redirect" title="Haskap">Haskap</a>, a local variety of edible <a href="/wiki/Honeysuckle" title="Honeysuckle">honeysuckle</a>, similar to <a href="/wiki/Blueberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Blueberries">blueberries</a>, is a specialty in Sapporo. Other specialty dishes of Sapporo include; soup curry, a soupy <a href="/wiki/Curry" title="Curry">curry</a> made with vegetables and chicken, sometimes other meats too, and <a href="/wiki/Jingisukan" title="Jingisukan">jingisukan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecued</a> lamb dish, named after <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>. Sapporo Sweets, is a confectionery using many ingredients from Hokkaido where there's also the Sapporo Sweets Competition held annually.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sapporo is also well known for fresh seafood including <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin">sea urchin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crab</a>. Crab in particular is famed. Many types of crab are harvested and served seasonally in Sapporo like the horsehair crab, snow crab, king crab, and Hanasaki crab, with numerous dishes revolving around them.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SapporoDome2004-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SapporoDome2004-2.jpg/200px-SapporoDome2004-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SapporoDome2004-2.jpg/300px-SapporoDome2004-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SapporoDome2004-2.jpg/400px-SapporoDome2004-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a> in winter</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a> was constructed in 2001 and is currently host to the local professional football team, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Consadole_Sapporo" title="Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo">Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo</a>. </p><p><b>ES CON Field Hokkaido</b> (エスコンフィールド北海道, <i>Esukon Fīrudo Hokkaidō</i>), a <a href="/wiki/Baseball_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball park">baseball park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kitahiroshima,_Hokkaido" title="Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido">Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido</a>, is home to <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Nippon-Ham_Fighters" title="Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters">Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters</a> and opened in March 2023. From 2004 to 2022, the Fighters called Sapporo Dome home. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Winter_sports">Winter sports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Winter sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sapporo was selected as host to the 5th Winter Olympics, scheduled for February 3 to 12, 1940; however Japan had to cancel the event, consequently handing the decision back to the <a href="/wiki/IOC" class="mw-redirect" title="IOC">IOC</a>, after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937. </p><p>In 1972, Sapporo hosted the 11th <a href="/wiki/1972_Winter_Olympics" title="1972 Winter Olympics">Winter Olympics</a>. Some structures built for Olympic events remain in use today, including the ski jumps at <a href="/wiki/Miyanomori_Ski_Jump_Stadium" title="Miyanomori Ski Jump Stadium">Miyanomori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Okurayama_Ski_Jump_Stadium" title="Okurayama Ski Jump Stadium">Okurayama</a>. After considering a bid for the <a href="/wiki/2026_Winter_Olympics" title="2026 Winter Olympics">2026 Winter Olympics</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2030_Winter_Olympics" title="2030 Winter Olympics">2030 Winter Olympics</a>, Olympic representatives in Sapporo have said that the city is considering a bid for the 2034 Winter Olympics. The city predicted it may cost as much as 456.5 billion yen ($4.3 billion) to host the games and is planning to have 90 percent of the facilities within half an hour of the Olympic village, according to a report published 12 May 2016. The Alpen course would be in <a href="/wiki/Niseko" title="Niseko">Niseko</a>, the world's second-snowiest resort, while the village would be next to the <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a>, the report said.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plans were presented to the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Olympic_Committee" title="Japanese Olympic Committee">Japanese Olympic Committee</a> on 8 November 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, Sapporo hosted three group matches of the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">FIFA World Cup</a> at the Sapporo Dome. In 2006, Sapporo hosted some games of the <a href="/wiki/2006_Basketball_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Basketball World Championship">2006 Basketball World Championship</a> and also for the <a href="/wiki/2006_Women%27s_Volleyball_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship">2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship</a>. In 2007, Sapporo hosted the <a href="/wiki/FIS_Nordic_World_Ski_Championships_2007" title="FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007">FIS Nordic World Ski Championships</a> at the Sapporo Dome, Miyanomori ski jump, Okurayama ski jump, and the Shirahatayama cross-country course. It has been the host city to two <a href="/wiki/Asian_Winter_Games" title="Asian Winter Games">Asian Winter Games</a> and hosted the <a href="/wiki/2017_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2017 Asian Winter Games">2017 Asian Winter Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Obihiro,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Obihiro, Hokkaido">Obihiro</a>. Sapporo also hosted matches during the <a href="/wiki/2019_Rugby_World_Cup" title="2019 Rugby World Cup">2019 Rugby World Cup</a>. </p><p>Skiing remains a major sport in Sapporo with almost all children skiing as a part of the school curriculum. Okurayama Elementary School is unusual in having its own ski hill and ski jumping hill on the school grounds. Within the city are commercial ski hills including Moiwayama, Bankeiyama, KobaWorld, <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Teine" title="Sapporo Teine">Sapporo Teine</a> and Fu's. </p><p>Many sports stadiums and domes are located in Sapporo, and some of them have been designated as venues of sports competitions. The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Community_Dome" title="Sapporo Community Dome">Sapporo Community Dome</a>, also known by its nickname "Tsu-Dome", has hosted the Golden Market, a huge <a href="/wiki/Flea_market" title="Flea market">flea market</a> event which is usually held twice a year, along with some sports events. The <a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Ice_Arena" title="Makomanai Ice Arena">Makomanai Ice Arena</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Park" title="Makomanai Park">Makomanai Park</a>, was one of the venues of the Sapporo Olympics in 1972. It was renamed the Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena in 2007, when <a href="/wiki/Sekisui_Chemical" title="Sekisui Chemical">Sekisui Chemical</a> Co., Ltd., acquired <a href="/wiki/Naming_rights" title="Naming rights">naming rights</a> and renamed the arena after their real estate brand.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other large sports venues include the <a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Open_Stadium" title="Makomanai Open Stadium">Makomanai Open Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsukisamu_Dome" title="Tsukisamu Dome">Tsukisamu Dome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maruyama_Baseball_Stadium" title="Maruyama Baseball Stadium">Maruyama Baseball Stadium</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Sports_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center">Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center</a>, which hosts the professional basketball team, <a href="/wiki/Levanga_Hokkaido" title="Levanga Hokkaido">Levanga Hokkaido</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Big_Air" title="Toyota Big Air">Toyota Big Air</a> was a major international snowboarding event held annually in Sapporo Dome. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Professional_sport_teams">Professional sport teams</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Professional sport teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Club </th> <th scope="col">Sport </th> <th scope="col">League </th> <th scope="col">Venue </th> <th scope="col">Established </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Nippon-Ham_Fighters" title="Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters">Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Es_Con_Field_Hokkaido" title="Es Con Field Hokkaido">Es Con Field Hokkaido</a> </td> <td>2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Levanga_Hokkaido" title="Levanga Hokkaido">Levanga Hokkaido</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B.League" title="B.League">B.League</a> Division 1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Prefectural_Sports_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center">Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Tsukisamu_Dome" title="Tsukisamu Dome">Tsukisamu Dome</a> </td> <td>2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Consadole_Sapporo" title="Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo">Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football (soccer)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J2_League" title="J2 League">J2 League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Atsubetsu_Park_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapporo Atsubetsu Park Stadium">Sapporo Atsubetsu Park Stadium</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a> </td> <td>1996 </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J.League" title="J.League">J.League</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Consadole_Sapporo" title="Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo">Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo</a> (J1 in 1998, 2001–2002, 2008, 2012, 2017–present; J2 in 1999–2000, 2003–2007, 2009–2011, 2013–2016).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">NPB</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Nippon_Ham_Fighters" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters">Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pacific_League" title="Pacific League">Pacific League</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG/250px-Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG/330px-Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG/500px-Sapporo_clock_tower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Clock_Tower" title="Sapporo Clock Tower">Sapporo Clock Tower</a>, formerly a part of <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a> in the 19th century</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Hokkaido_Univ.%EF%BC%8F%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%B2%E5%AD%A6%E9%83%A8_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG/200px-Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG/300px-Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG/400px-Sapporo_Odori_High_School.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Odori_High_School" title="Sapporo Odori High School">Sapporo Odori High School</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities">Universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>National</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University" title="Hokkaido University">Hokkaido University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University_of_Education" title="Hokkaido University of Education">Hokkaido University of Education</a></li></ul> <p><i>See <a href="/wiki/Japanese_national_university" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese national university">Japanese national university</a></i> </p> <dl><dt>Public</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_City_University" title="Sapporo City University">Sapporo City University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Medical_University" title="Sapporo Medical University">Sapporo Medical University</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Private</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuji_Women%27s_University" title="Fuji Women's University">Fuji Women's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Sciences_University_of_Hokkaido" title="Health Sciences University of Hokkaido">Health Sciences University of Hokkaido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkai_School_of_Commerce" title="Hokkai School of Commerce">Hokkai School of Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkai_Gakuen_University" title="Hokkai Gakuen University">Hokkai Gakuen University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Bunkyo_University" title="Hokkaido Bunkyo University">Hokkaido Bunkyo University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_College_of_Pharmacy" title="Hokkaido College of Pharmacy">Hokkaido College of Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido Institute of Technology">Hokkaido Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Musashi_Women%27s_Junior_College" title="Hokkaido Musashi Women's Junior College">Hokkaido Musashi Women's Junior College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_University_of_Science" title="Hokkaido University of Science">Hokkaido University of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Tokai_University" title="Hokkaido Tokai University">Hokkaido Tokai University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokusei_Gakuen_University" title="Hokusei Gakuen University">Hokusei Gakuen University</a></li> <li>Japan Health Care College</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koen_Gakuen_Women%27s_Junior_College" title="Koen Gakuen Women's Junior College">Koen Gakuen Women's Junior College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_International_University" title="Sapporo International University">Sapporo International University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_%C5%8Ctani_University" title="Sapporo Ōtani University">Sapporo Ōtani University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_University" title="Sapporo University">Sapporo University</a></li> <li>Sapporo University of Health Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenshi_College" title="Tenshi College">Tenshi College</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are 198 municipal elementary schools, and 98 municipal junior high schools in Sapporo. <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Odori_High_School" title="Sapporo Odori High School">Sapporo Odori High School</a> provides Japanese-language classes to foreign and Japanese returnee students, and the school has special admissions quotas for these groups.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has two private international schools: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_International_School" title="Hokkaido International School">Hokkaido International School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Korean_Primary,_Middle_and_High_School" title="Hokkaido Korean Primary, Middle and High School">Hokkaido Korean Primary, Middle and High School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chosen_gakko" class="mw-redirect" title="Chosen gakko">North Korean school</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_and_sister_cities">Twin towns and sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Twin towns and sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Japan" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan">List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International">International</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sapporo has <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinning relationships</a> with several cities worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">State</a></th> <th>Since </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>November 17, 1959 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> </td> <td>August 28, 1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a> </td> <td>November 18, 1980 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>September 1982 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk_Oblast" title="Novosibirsk Oblast">Novosibirsk Oblast</a> </td> <td>June 13, 1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daejeon" title="Daejeon">Daejeon</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Chungcheong_Province" title="South Chungcheong Province">South Chungcheong</a> </td> <td>October 22, 2010 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sapporo also cooperates with: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">State</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Davao_Region" title="Davao Region">Davao Region</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Domestic">Domestic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Domestic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">Prefecture</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Japan" title="List of regions of Japan">Region</a></th> <th>Since </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture"><img alt="Shizuoka Prefecture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg/23px-Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg/35px-Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg/45px-Flag_of_Shizuoka_Prefecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABbu_region" title="Chūbu region">Chūbu region</a> </td> <td>May 14, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matsumoto,_Nagano" title="Matsumoto, Nagano">Matsumoto</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture"><img alt="Nagano Prefecture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg/45px-Flag_of_Nagano_Prefecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a> </td> <td>September 6, 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_Prefecture" title="Kagoshima Prefecture"><img alt="Kagoshima Prefecture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_Kagoshima_Prefecture.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kagoshima_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_Kagoshima_Prefecture.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kagoshima_Prefecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_Prefecture" title="Kagoshima Prefecture">Kagoshima</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyūshū region">Kyūshū region</a> </td> <td>November 16, 2013 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">List of cities in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapporo Brewery">Sapporo Brewery</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">English pronunciation: <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɔːr/: 'ar' in 'war'">ɔːr</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɔːr/: 'ar' in 'war'">ɔːr</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>/</a></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapporo&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english/">"City of Sapporo"</a>. City of Sapporo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060826174803/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english/">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Sapporo&rft.pub=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%2Fcity%2Fenglish%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYamaguchi2023" class="citation web cs1">Yamaguchi, Mari (October 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/japan-sapporo-olympic-bid-2030-tokyo-scandal-e1a46ba1ed7316121af0998271c0e03a">"JOC, Sapporo announce decision to abandon bid for 2030 winter games, seek possible bid from 2034 on"</a>. <i>AP</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP&rft.atitle=JOC%2C+Sapporo+announce+decision+to+abandon+bid+for+2030+winter+games%2C+seek+possible+bid+from+2034+on&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft.aulast=Yamaguchi&rft.aufirst=Mari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fjapan-sapporo-olympic-bid-2030-tokyo-scandal-e1a46ba1ed7316121af0998271c0e03a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFさっぽろ雪まつり実行委員会" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script">さっぽろ雪まつり実行委員会. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190611033515/http://www.snowfes.com/zenkai/"><bdi lang="ja">前回のさっぽろ雪まつりの様子</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snowfes.com/zenkai/">the original</a> on June 11, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%89%8D%E5%9B%9E%E3%81%AE%E3%81%95%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%82%8D%E9%9B%AA%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A4%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%98%E5%AD%90&rft.au=%E3%81%95%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%82%8D%E9%9B%AA%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A4%E3%82%8A%E5%AE%9F%E8%A1%8C%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%9A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snowfes.com%2Fzenkai%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/attractions/facilities/museums/83dn3a000000efpj.html">Japan National Tourist Organization — Sapporo Beer Museum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615064700/http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/attractions/facilities/museums/83dn3a000000efpj.html">Archived</a> June 15, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150702021750/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/minami/yawa/mokuji/1furusatono/furusatono.html"><bdi lang="ja">ふるさとの川史話いっぱい</bdi></a>. City of Sapporo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/minami/yawa/mokuji/1furusatono/furusatono.html">the original</a> on July 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%81%B5%E3%82%8B%E3%81%95%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AE%E5%B7%9D%E5%8F%B2%E8%A9%B1%E3%81%84%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B1%E3%81%84&rft.pub=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%2Fminami%2Fyawa%2Fmokuji%2F1furusatono%2Ffurusatono.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7437244.stm">Recognition at last for Japan's Ainu </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108102235/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7437244.stm">Archived</a> November 8, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". BBC News. July 6, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-city-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-city_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-city_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619005223/http://hometown.infocreate.co.jp/hokkaido/sapporo/rekisi.html"><bdi lang="ja">サイト閉鎖のお知らせ</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hometown.infocreate.co.jp/hokkaido/sapporo/rekisi.html">the original</a> on June 19, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E9%96%89%E9%8E%96%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8A%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%9B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhometown.infocreate.co.jp%2Fhokkaido%2Fsapporo%2Frekisi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2nd-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2nd_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2nd_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2nd_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Sapporo History 2nd edition<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">新札幌市史　第2巻</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Shin Sapporo Shishi</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/ss/scs/grp/localautonomy.pdf"><bdi lang="ja">北海道市町村自治制の沿革概要</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Japanese). Government of Hokkaido. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181111043801/http://www.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/ss/scs/grp/localautonomy.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93%E5%B8%82%E7%94%BA%E6%9D%91%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%88%B6%E3%81%AE%E6%B2%BF%E9%9D%A9%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81&rft.pub=Government+of+Hokkaido&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp%2Fss%2Fscs%2Fgrp%2Flocalautonomy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Asahi_Shimbun" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun" title="The Asahi Shimbun">The Asahi Shimbun</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi.com/area/hokkaido/articles/MTW20151209011470014.html">"朝日新聞デジタル：空襲の記憶風化させぬ - 北海道 - 地域"</a>. <i>www.asahi.com</i> (in Japanese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414064109/http://www.asahi.com/area/hokkaido/articles/MTW20151209011470014.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asahi.com&rft.atitle=%E6%9C%9D%E6%97%A5%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%83%87%E3%82%B8%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB%EF%BC%9A%E7%A9%BA%E8%A5%B2%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6+%E9%A2%A8%E5%8C%96%E3%81%95%E3%81%9B%E3%81%AC+-+%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93+-+%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F&rft.au=The+Asahi+Shimbun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Farea%2Fhokkaido%2Farticles%2FMTW20151209011470014.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sapporo-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sapporo_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapporo_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapporo_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapporo_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Sapporo History 5th edition<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">新札幌市史　第5巻</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Shin Sapporo Shishi</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sutherland, Robert <i>Maria Callas Diaries of a Friendship</i> London Constable 1999 p265 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-09-478790-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-09-478790-5">0-09-478790-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071222071247/http://www.tokachi.co.jp/kachi/9811/11_14.htm">"lawsuit against the bankruptcy of the Takushoku Bank"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tokachi.co.jp/kachi/9811/11_14.htm">the original</a> on December 22, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=lawsuit+against+the+bankruptcy+of+the+Takushoku+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tokachi.co.jp%2Fkachi%2F9811%2F11_14.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170218063211/http://www.welcome.city.sapporo.jp/choose/keywords/hokkaido-shinkansen-recommended-places-between-hakodate-and-sapporo/?lang=en">"Celebrating the opening of the Hokkaido Shinkansen—travel by train from Hakodate to Sapporo while exploring along the way"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.welcome.city.sapporo.jp/choose/keywords/hokkaido-shinkansen-recommended-places-between-hakodate-and-sapporo/?lang=en">the original</a> on February 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celebrating+the+opening+of+the+Hokkaido+Shinkansen%E2%80%94travel+by+train+from+Hakodate+to+Sapporo+while+exploring+along+the+way&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.welcome.city.sapporo.jp%2Fchoose%2Fkeywords%2Fhokkaido-shinkansen-recommended-places-between-hakodate-and-sapporo%2F%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-location-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-location_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/aramashi/"><bdi lang="ja">札幌市のあらまし</bdi></a>. City of Sapporo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702035912/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/aramashi/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82%E3%81%AE%E3%81%82%E3%82%89%E3%81%BE%E3%81%97&rft.pub=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%2Fcity%2Faramashi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/as/jp/01/where-is-sapporo.html">"Where is Sapporo, Japan?"</a>. <i>worldatlas.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190715031047/https://www.worldatlas.com/as/jp/01/where-is-sapporo.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=worldatlas.com&rft.atitle=Where+is+Sapporo%2C+Japan%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Fas%2Fjp%2F01%2Fwhere-is-sapporo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=14&prec_ch=%90%CE%8E%EB%8Ex%92%A1&block_no=47412&block_ch=%8ED%96y&year=&month=&day=&elm=normal&view="><bdi lang="ja">気象庁 | 平年値（年・月ごとの値）</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225151405/http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=14&prec_ch=%90%CE%8E%EB%8Ex%92%A1&block_no=47412&block_ch=%8ED%96y&year=&month=&day=&elm=normal&view=%20">Archived</a> from the original on December 25, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B0%97%E8%B1%A1%E5%BA%81+%26%23124%3B+%E5%B9%B3%E5%B9%B4%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%88%E5%B9%B4%E3%83%BB%E6%9C%88%E3%81%94%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AE%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%89&rft.pub=Japan+Meteorological+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.data.jma.go.jp%2Fobd%2Fstats%2Fetrn%2Fview%2Fnml_sfc_ym.php%3Fprec_no%3D14%26prec_ch%3D%2590%25CE%258E%25EB%258Ex%2592%25A1%26block_no%3D47412%26block_ch%3D%258ED%2596y%26year%3D%26month%3D%26day%3D%26elm%3Dnormal%26view%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCity_of_Sapporo" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">City of Sapporo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205170236/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/handbook/file/en-01.pdf">"General Overview of Sapporo"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in English and Japanese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp:80/kokusai/handbook/file/en-01.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 5, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Overview+of+Sapporo&rft.au=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%3A80%2Fkokusai%2Fhandbook%2Ffile%2Fen-01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-normals-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-normals_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-normals_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=14&block_no=47412&year=&month=1&day=&view=h0"><bdi lang="ja">気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220208031439/https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=14&block_no=47412&year=&month=1&day=&view=h0">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B0%97%E8%B1%A1%E5%BA%81+%2F+%E5%B9%B3%E5%B9%B4%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%88%E5%B9%B4%E3%83%BB%E6%9C%88%E3%81%94%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AE%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%89&rft.pub=Japan+Meteorological+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.data.jma.go.jp%2Fobd%2Fstats%2Fetrn%2Fview%2Fnml_sfc_ym.php%3Fprec_no%3D14%26block_no%3D47412%26year%3D%26month%3D1%26day%3D%26view%3Dh0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-extremes-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-extremes_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremes_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-extremes_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_s.php?prec_no=14&block_no=47412&year=&month=13&day=&view=h0"><bdi lang="ja">観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220301142224/https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_s.php?prec_no=14&block_no=47412&year=&month=13&day=&view=h0">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%A6%B3%E6%B8%AC%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%8A1%EF%BD%9E10%E4%BD%8D%E3%81%AE%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%88%E5%B9%B4%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E9%80%9A%E3%81%98%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AE%E5%80%A4%EF%BC%89&rft.pub=Japan+Meteorological+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.data.jma.go.jp%2Fobd%2Fstats%2Fetrn%2Fview%2Frank_s.php%3Fprec_no%3D14%26block_no%3D47412%26year%3D%26month%3D13%26day%3D%26view%3Dh0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/japan/sapporo-climate">"Sapporo, Japan – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709165737/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/japan/sapporo-climate">Archived</a> from the original on July 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sapporo%2C+Japan+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft.pub=Weather+Atlas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-atlas.com%2Fen%2Fjapan%2Fsapporo-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/japan/sapporo/climate">"Climate & Weather Averages in Sapporo"</a>. Time and Date. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220806101341/https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/japan/sapporo/climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+%26+Weather+Averages+in+Sapporo&rft.pub=Time+and+Date&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeanddate.com%2Fweather%2Fjapan%2Fsapporo%2Fclimate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/mete4-699-1886-2021.php">"Météo climat stats for Sapporo"</a>. Météo Climat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220319083740/http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/mete4-699-1886-2021.php">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+climat+stats+for+Sapporo&rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+Climat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Fmete4-699-1886-2021.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/mete8-699-1886-2021.php">"Météo climat stats for Sapporo"</a>. Météo Climat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220319083748/http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/mete8-699-1886-2021.php">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+climat+stats+for+Sapporo&rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o+Climat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Fmete8-699-1886-2021.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJapanese_Imperial_Commission1878" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Japanese Imperial Commission (1878). <i>Le Japon à l'exposition universelle de 1878. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sapporo+Winter+Sport+Museum+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sapporowintersportsmuseum.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/toukei/tokusyu/kogyo.html"><bdi lang="ja">工業統計調査／札幌市</bdi></a> (in Japanese). City of Sapporo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181111043833/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/toukei/tokusyu/kogyo.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB%EF%BC%8F%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82&rft.pub=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%2Ftoukei%2Ftokusyu%2Fkogyo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/961588/sapporo-holdings-employee-numbers/">"Sapporo Holdings: employee numbers 2019"</a>. <i>Statista</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614053451/https://www.statista.com/statistics/961588/sapporo-holdings-employee-numbers/">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=Sapporo+Holdings%3A+employee+numbers+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F961588%2Fsapporo-holdings-employee-numbers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJapan" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Japan, Brewery Convention of. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brewers.or.jp/english/">"Brewers Association of Japan"</a>. <i>Brewers Association of Japan</i> (in Japanese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210606222553/https://www.brewers.or.jp/english/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brewers+Association+of+Japan&rft.atitle=Brewers+Association+of+Japan&rft.aulast=Japan&rft.aufirst=Brewery+Convention+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brewers.or.jp%2Fenglish%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airdo.jp/company/info/index.html"><bdi lang="ja">会社概要</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_International_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido International Airlines">Hokkaido International Airlines</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170814223951/http://www.airdo.jp/company/info/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81&rft.pub=Hokkaido+International+Airlines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airdo.jp%2Fcompany%2Finfo%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">" <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040406215920/http://www.ank-net.co.jp/co/corporation.html"><bdi lang="ja">会社概要</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Air_Nippon_Network" title="Air Nippon Network">Air Nippon Network</a>. April 6, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ank-net.co.jp/co/corporation.html">the original</a> on April 6, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81&rft.pub=Air+Nippon+Network&rft.date=2004-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ank-net.co.jp%2Fco%2Fcorporation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/keizai/kanko/statistics/H19_sapporokanko_5.pdf">Tourism Statistics of Sapporo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071025142011/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/keizai/kanko/statistics/H19_sapporokanko_5.pdf">Archived</a> 2007-10-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2006, p.35 (pdf file)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hongoshin-smos.jp/english.html">"English Guide｜Hongo Shin Memorial Museum of Sculpture, Sapporo"</a>. <i>www.hongoshin-smos.jp</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200129191356/http://www.hongoshin-smos.jp/english.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hongoshin-smos.jp&rft.atitle=English+Guide%EF%BD%9CHongo+Shin+Memorial+Museum+of+Sculpture%2C+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hongoshin-smos.jp%2Fenglish.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-events-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-events_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-events_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-events_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/keizai/kanko/statistics/H19_sapporokanko_4.pdf">Tourism Statistics of Sapporo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071025142003/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/keizai/kanko/statistics/H19_sapporokanko_4.pdf">Archived</a> October 25, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2006, p.29 (pdf file)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ramen-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ramen_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ramen_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ganso-yokocho.com/translation/english.html"><bdi lang="ja">元祖さっぽろラーメン横丁公式サイト</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012032327/http://ganso-yokocho.com/translation/english.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%85%83%E7%A5%96%E3%81%95%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%82%8D%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E6%A8%AA%E4%B8%81%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%8F%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fganso-yokocho.com%2Ftranslation%2Fenglish.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071017061315/http://sweets-sapporo.com/sweets.html">"Sapporo, the sweets republic"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sweets-sapporo.com/sweets.html">the original</a> on October 17, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sapporo%2C+the+sweets+republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsweets-sapporo.com%2Fsweets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDwyer2018" class="citation web cs1">Dwyer, Chris (November 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/sapporo-best-crab-restaurants/index.html#">"Welcome to Sapporo, crab capital of Japan (and maybe even the world)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203210415/https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/sapporo-best-crab-restaurants/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Sapporo%2C+crab+capital+of+Japan+%28and+maybe+even+the+world%29&rft.date=2018-11-12&rft.aulast=Dwyer&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Ftravel%2Farticle%2Fsapporo-best-crab-restaurants%2Findex.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-05-17/sapporo-to-show-joc-plan-for-2026-olympic-winter-games-after-rio">"Sapporo to Show JOC Plan for 2026 Olympic Winter Games After Rio"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. May 17, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612160317/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-05-17/sapporo-to-show-joc-plan-for-2026-olympic-winter-games-after-rio">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Sapporo+to+Show+JOC+Plan+for+2026+Olympic+Winter+Games+After+Rio&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2016-05-17%2Fsapporo-to-show-joc-plan-for-2026-olympic-winter-games-after-rio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161108134005/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20161108/k10010760021000.html"><bdi lang="ja">札幌で再びオリンピックをＪＯＣに開催提案書</bdi></a> (in Japanese). NHK. 8 November 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20161108/k10010760021000.html">the original</a> on 8 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E3%81%A7%E5%86%8D%E3%81%B3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%92+%EF%BC%AA%EF%BC%AF%EF%BC%A3%E3%81%AB%E9%96%8B%E5%82%AC%E6%8F%90%E6%A1%88%E6%9B%B8&rft.pub=NHK&rft.date=2016-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.nhk.or.jp%2Fnews%2Fhtml%2F20161108%2Fk10010760021000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112000347/http://kyodonews.net/news/2016/11/08/87374">"Olympics: Sapporo shows 2026 Winter Games plan to JOC"</a>. kyodonews.net. November 8, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kyodonews.net/news/2016/11/08/87374">the original</a> on November 12, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Olympics%3A+Sapporo+shows+2026+Winter+Games+plan+to+JOC&rft.pub=kyodonews.net&rft.date=2016-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkyodonews.net%2Fnews%2F2016%2F11%2F08%2F87374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.makomanai.com/icearena/index.html">"Makomanai Sekisuiheim Ice Arena Homepage"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071015035956/http://www.makomanai.com/icearena/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 15, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Makomanai+Sekisuiheim+Ice+Arena+Homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.makomanai.com%2Ficearena%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english/child-care/education.html">Education</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007075129/https://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/english/child-care/education.html">Archive</a>). City of Sapporo. Retrieved on October 12, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/"><bdi lang="ja">札幌市 – 国際交流 – 姉妹都市</bdi></a> (in Japanese). City of Sapporo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702025324/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%B8%82+%E2%80%93+%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81+%E2%80%93+%E5%A7%89%E5%A6%B9%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82&rft.pub=City+of+Sapporo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.sapporo.jp%2Fkokusai%2Fsistercity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASapporo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_e/sister_cities/sister_cities.html">Sister Cities | International Community Bureau</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120712193342/http://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_e/sister_cities/sister_cities.html">Archived</a> 2012-07-12 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" 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class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chamonix" title="Chamonix">Chamonix</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1928_Winter_Olympics" title="1928 Winter Olympics">1928</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/St._Moritz" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1932_Winter_Olympics" title="1932 Winter Olympics">1932</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lake_Placid,_New_York" title="Lake Placid, New York">Lake Placid</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1936_Winter_Olympics" title="1936 Winter Olympics">1936</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Garmisch-Partenkirchen" title="Garmisch-Partenkirchen">Garmisch-Partenkirchen</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1940_Winter_Olympics" title="1940 Winter Olympics">1940</a>:</b> <i>None</i><sup>[c1]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1944_Winter_Olympics" title="1944 Winter Olympics">1944</a>:</b> <i>None</i><sup>[c1]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1948_Winter_Olympics" title="1948 Winter Olympics">1948</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/St._Moritz" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1952_Winter_Olympics" title="1952 Winter Olympics">1952</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/60px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1956_Winter_Olympics" title="1956 Winter Olympics">1956</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d'Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1960_Winter_Olympics" title="1960 Winter Olympics">1960</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Valley,_California" title="Olympic Valley, California">Squaw Valley</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1964_Winter_Olympics" title="1964 Winter Olympics">1964</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1968_Winter_Olympics" title="1968 Winter Olympics">1968</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Grenoble" title="Grenoble">Grenoble</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1972_Winter_Olympics" title="1972 Winter Olympics">1972</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1976_Winter_Olympics" title="1976 Winter Olympics">1976</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1980_Winter_Olympics" title="1980 Winter Olympics">1980</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lake_Placid,_New_York" title="Lake Placid, New York">Lake Placid</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1984_Winter_Olympics" title="1984 Winter Olympics">1984</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1988_Winter_Olympics" title="1988 Winter Olympics">1988</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1992_Winter_Olympics" title="1992 Winter Olympics">1992</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albertville" title="Albertville">Albertville</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1994_Winter_Olympics" title="1994 Winter Olympics">1994</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/60px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lillehammer" title="Lillehammer">Lillehammer</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1998_Winter_Olympics" title="1998 Winter Olympics">1998</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nagano_(city)" title="Nagano (city)">Nagano</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2002_Winter_Olympics" title="2002 Winter Olympics">2002</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2006_Winter_Olympics" title="2006 Winter Olympics">2006</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Winter_Olympics" title="2010 Winter Olympics">2010</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_Winter_Olympics" title="2014 Winter Olympics">2014</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_Winter_Olympics" title="2018 Winter Olympics">2018</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang_County" title="Pyeongchang County">Pyeongchang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2026_Winter_Olympics" title="2026 Winter Olympics"><i>2026</i></a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d'Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2030_Winter_Olympics" title="2030 Winter Olympics"><i>2030</i></a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_Alps" title="French Alps">French Alps</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2034_Winter_Olympics" title="2034 Winter Olympics"><i>2034</i></a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></i></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>[c1]</sup> Cancelled due to World War II <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/21px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/32px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/42px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="495" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Olympic_Games" title="Portal:Olympic Games">Olympic Games portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan237" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Template:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan237" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">Metropolitan cities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo Metropolis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_wards_of_Tokyo" title="Special wards of Tokyo">Special wards of Tokyo</a><sup>※</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adachi,_Tokyo" title="Adachi, Tokyo">Adachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arakawa,_Tokyo" title="Arakawa, Tokyo">Arakawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunky%C5%8D" title="Bunkyō">Bunkyō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo" title="Chiyoda, Tokyo">Chiyoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D,_Tokyo" title="Chūō, Tokyo">Chūō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edogawa,_Tokyo" title="Edogawa, Tokyo">Edogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabashi" title="Itabashi">Itabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsushika" title="Katsushika">Katsushika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita,_Tokyo" title="Kita, Tokyo">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Kōtō">Kōtō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meguro" title="Meguro">Meguro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo" title="Minato, Tokyo">Minato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakano,_Tokyo" title="Nakano, Tokyo">Nakano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerima" title="Nerima">Nerima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Tokyo" title="Ōta, Tokyo">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setagaya" title="Setagaya">Setagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibuya" title="Shibuya">Shibuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinagawa" title="Shinagawa">Shinagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinjuku" title="Shinjuku">Shinjuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suginami" title="Suginami">Suginami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumida,_Tokyo" title="Sumida, Tokyo">Sumida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshima" title="Toshima">Toshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tait%C5%8D" title="Taitō">Taitō</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiba_(city)" title="Chiba (city)">Chiba</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu" title="Kitakyushu">Kitakyushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_(city)" title="Niigata (city)">Niigata</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saitama_(city)" title="Saitama (city)">Saitama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_(city)" title="Shizuoka (city)">Shizuoka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a><sup>※</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Core_cities_of_Japan" title="Core cities of Japan">Core cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akita_(city)" title="Akita (city)">Akita</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amagasaki" title="Amagasaki">Amagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aomori" title="Aomori">Aomori</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahikawa" title="Asahikawa">Asahikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukui_(city)" title="Fukui (city)">Fukui</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_(city)" title="Fukushima (city)">Fukushima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuyama,_Hiroshima" title="Fukuyama, Hiroshima">Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funabashi" title="Funabashi">Funabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifu" title="Gifu">Gifu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachinohe" title="Hachinohe">Hachinohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachi%C5%8Dji" title="Hachiōji">Hachiōji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashi%C5%8Dsaka" title="Higashiōsaka">Higashiōsaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himeji" title="Himeji">Himeji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirakata" title="Hirakata">Hirakata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichinomiya,_Aichi" title="Ichinomiya, Aichi">Ichinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki,_Fukushima" title="Iwaki, Fukushima">Iwaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanazawa" title="Kanazawa">Kanazawa</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashiwa" title="Kashiwa">Kashiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawagoe,_Saitama" title="Kawagoe, Saitama">Kawagoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaguchi,_Saitama" title="Kawaguchi, Saitama">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi,_K%C5%8Dchi" title="Kōchi, Kōchi">Kōchi</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dfu" title="Kōfu">Kōfu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Driyama" title="Kōriyama">Kōriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshigaya" title="Koshigaya">Koshigaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurashiki" title="Kurashiki">Kurashiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kure,_Hiroshima" title="Kure, Hiroshima">Kure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurume" title="Kurume">Kurume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi" title="Maebashi">Maebashi</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsue" title="Matsue">Matsue</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumoto,_Nagano" title="Matsumoto, Nagano">Matsumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsuyama" title="Matsuyama">Matsuyama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_(city)" title="Miyazaki (city)">Miyazaki</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mito,_Ibaraki" title="Mito, Ibaraki">Mito</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morioka" title="Morioka">Morioka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naha" title="Naha">Naha</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_(city)" title="Nagano (city)">Nagano</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara_(city)" title="Nara (city)">Nara</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyagawa,_Osaka" title="Neyagawa, Osaka">Neyagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_(city)" title="Ōita (city)">Ōita</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazaki,_Aichi" title="Okazaki, Aichi">Okazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ctsu" title="Ōtsu">Ōtsu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasebo" title="Sasebo">Sasebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki" title="Shimonoseki">Shimonoseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takamatsu" title="Takamatsu">Takamatsu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasaki" title="Takasaki">Takasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takatsuki" title="Takatsuki">Takatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottori_(city)" title="Tottori (city)">Tottori</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_(city)" title="Toyama (city)">Toyama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyohashi" title="Toyohashi">Toyohashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyonaka" title="Toyonaka">Toyonaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota,_Aichi" title="Toyota, Aichi">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya" title="Utsunomiya">Utsunomiya</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_(city)" title="Wakayama (city)">Wakayama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao,_Osaka" title="Yao, Osaka">Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_(city)" title="Yamagata (city)">Yamagata</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka" title="Yokosuka">Yokosuka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_Japan" title="Special cities of Japan">Special cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atsugi" title="Atsugi">Atsugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Chigasaki, Kanagawa">Chigasaki</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji,_Shizuoka" title="Fuji, Shizuoka">Fuji</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiratsuka" title="Hiratsuka">Hiratsuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki,_Osaka" title="Ibaraki, Osaka">Ibaraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isesaki" title="Isesaki">Isesaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Detsu,_Niigata" title="Jōetsu, Niigata">Jōetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakogawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kakogawa, Hyōgo">Kakogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasugai,_Aichi" title="Kasugai, Aichi">Kasugai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasukabe,_Saitama" title="Kasukabe, Saitama">Kasukabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishiwada,_Osaka" title="Kishiwada, Osaka">Kishiwada</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumagaya" title="Kumagaya">Kumagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka,_Niigata" title="Nagaoka, Niigata">Nagaoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numazu" title="Numazu">Numazu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odawara" title="Odawara">Odawara</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Gunma" title="Ōta, Gunma">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_(city)" title="Saga (city)">Saga</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dka" title="Sōka">Sōka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takarazuka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takarazuka, Hyōgo">Takarazuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokorozawa,_Saitama" title="Tokorozawa, Saitama">Tokorozawa</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukuba" title="Tsukuba">Tsukuba</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamato,_Kanagawa" title="Yamato, Kanagawa">Yamato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokkaichi" title="Yokkaichi">Yokkaichi</a><sup>☆</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_Japan" title="List of capitals in Japan">Prefectural capitals</a><br /> <small>without designation</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsu,_Mie" title="Tsu, Mie">Tsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_(city)" title="Tokushima (city)">Tokushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_(city)" title="Yamaguchi (city)">Yamaguchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>※</sup> also a <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_Japan" title="List of capitals in Japan">prefectural capital</a>; <sup>†</sup> eligible for core city status but not yet nominated; <sup>☆</sup> to become core cities</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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class="mw-file-description" title="Shadow picture of Hokkaido"><img alt="Shadow picture of Hokkaido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png/20px-Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png/30px-Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png/40px-Shadow_picture_of_Hokkaido_prefecture_edit.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_prefectural_capitals_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of prefectural capitals in Japan">capital</a>)</small></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ishikari" title="Template:Ishikari"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ishikari" title="Template talk:Ishikari"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ishikari" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ishikari"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ishikari_Subprefecture82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wards24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wards_of_Japan" title="Wards of Japan">Wards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atsubetsu-ku,_Sapporo" title="Atsubetsu-ku, Sapporo">Atsubetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Sapporo" title="Chūō-ku, Sapporo">Chūō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Higashi-ku, Sapporo">Higashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Sapporo" title="Kita-ku, Sapporo">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyota-ku,_Sapporo" title="Kiyota-ku, Sapporo">Kiyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minami-ku,_Sapporo" title="Minami-ku, Sapporo">Minami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Nishi-ku, Sapporo">Nishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiroishi-ku,_Sapporo" title="Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo">Shiroishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teine-ku,_Sapporo" title="Teine-ku, Sapporo">Teine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyohira-ku,_Sapporo" title="Toyohira-ku, Sapporo">Toyohira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chitose,_Hokkaido" title="Chitose, Hokkaido">Chitose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebetsu" title="Ebetsu">Ebetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eniwa,_Hokkaido" title="Eniwa, Hokkaido">Eniwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishikari,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari, Hokkaido">Ishikari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitahiroshima,_Hokkaido" title="Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido">Kitahiroshima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">District</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_District,_Hokkaido" title="Ishikari District, Hokkaido">Ishikari District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shinshinotsu,_Hokkaido" title="Shinshinotsu, Hokkaido">Shinshinotsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Tōbetsu, Hokkaido">Tōbetsu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="14" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Hokkaido"><img alt="Flag of Hokkaido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg/90px-Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg/120px-Flag_of_Hokkaido_Prefecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1260" data-file-height="840" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oshima" title="Template:Oshima"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oshima" title="Template talk:Oshima"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oshima" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oshima"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oshima_Subprefecture102" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oshima_Subprefecture" title="Oshima Subprefecture">Oshima Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Core_cities_of_Japan" title="Core cities of Japan">Core city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokuto,_Hokkaido" title="Hokuto, Hokkaido">Hokuto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Futami_District,_Hokkaido" title="Futami District, Hokkaido">Futami District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yakumo,_Hokkaido" title="Yakumo, Hokkaido">Yakumo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameda_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kameda District, Hokkaido">Kameda District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanae,_Hokkaido" title="Nanae, Hokkaido">Nanae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamiiso_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kamiiso District, Hokkaido">Kamiiso District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kikonai,_Hokkaido" title="Kikonai, Hokkaido">Kikonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiriuchi,_Hokkaido" title="Shiriuchi, Hokkaido">Shiriuchi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayabe_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kayabe District, Hokkaido">Kayabe District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mori,_Hokkaido" title="Mori, Hokkaido">Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikabe,_Hokkaido" title="Shikabe, Hokkaido">Shikabe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumae_District,_Hokkaido" title="Matsumae District, Hokkaido">Matsumae District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima,_Hokkaido" title="Fukushima, Hokkaido">Fukushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumae,_Hokkaido" title="Matsumae, Hokkaido">Matsumae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamakoshi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yamakoshi District, Hokkaido">Yamakoshi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oshamambe,_Hokkaido" title="Oshamambe, Hokkaido">Oshamambe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hiyama" title="Template:Hiyama"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hiyama" title="Template talk:Hiyama"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hiyama" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hiyama"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hiyama_Subprefecture33" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hiyama_Subprefecture" title="Hiyama Subprefecture">Hiyama Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiyama_District,_Hokkaido" title="Hiyama District, Hokkaido">Hiyama District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assabu,_Hokkaido" title="Assabu, Hokkaido">Assabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esashi,_Hokkaido_(Hiyama)" title="Esashi, Hokkaido (Hiyama)">Esashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaminokuni,_Hokkaido" title="Kaminokuni, Hokkaido">Kaminokuni</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kud%C5%8D_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kudō District, Hokkaido">Kudō District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Setana,_Hokkaido" title="Setana, Hokkaido">Setana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Nishi District, Hokkaido">Nishi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otobe,_Hokkaido" title="Otobe, Hokkaido">Otobe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okushiri_District,_Hokkaido" title="Okushiri District, Hokkaido">Okushiri District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okushiri,_Hokkaido" title="Okushiri, Hokkaido">Okushiri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setana_District,_Hokkaido" title="Setana District, Hokkaido">Setana District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imakane,_Hokkaido" title="Imakane, Hokkaido">Imakane</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shiribeshi" title="Template:Shiribeshi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shiribeshi" title="Template talk:Shiribeshi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shiribeshi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shiribeshi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shiribeshi_Subprefecture72" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Subprefecture" title="Shiribeshi Subprefecture">Shiribeshi Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otaru" title="Otaru">Otaru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuta_District,_Hokkaido" title="Abuta District, Hokkaido">Abuta District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kimobetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Kimobetsu, Hokkaido">Kimobetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutchan,_Hokkaido" title="Kutchan, Hokkaido">Kutchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgoku,_Hokkaido" title="Kyōgoku, Hokkaido">Kyōgoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makkari,_Hokkaido" title="Makkari, Hokkaido">Makkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niseko,_Hokkaido" title="Niseko, Hokkaido">Niseko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusutsu,_Hokkaido" title="Rusutsu, Hokkaido">Rusutsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furubira_District,_Hokkaido" title="Furubira District, Hokkaido">Furubira District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furubira,_Hokkaido" title="Furubira, Hokkaido">Furubira</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furuu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Furuu District, Hokkaido">Furuu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamoenai,_Hokkaido" title="Kamoenai, Hokkaido">Kamoenai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomari,_Hokkaido" title="Tomari, Hokkaido">Tomari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwanai_District,_Hokkaido" title="Iwanai District, Hokkaido">Iwanai District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iwanai,_Hokkaido" title="Iwanai, Hokkaido">Iwanai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dwa,_Hokkaido" title="Kyōwa, Hokkaido">Kyōwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoya_District,_Hokkaido" title="Isoya District, Hokkaido">Isoya District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rankoshi,_Hokkaido" title="Rankoshi, Hokkaido">Rankoshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakotan_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shakotan District, Hokkaido">Shakotan District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakotan,_Hokkaido" title="Shakotan, Hokkaido">Shakotan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimamaki_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shimamaki District, Hokkaido">Shimamaki District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shimamaki,_Hokkaido" title="Shimamaki, Hokkaido">Shimamaki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suttsu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Suttsu District, Hokkaido">Suttsu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuromatsunai,_Hokkaido" title="Kuromatsunai, Hokkaido">Kuromatsunai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suttsu,_Hokkaido" title="Suttsu, Hokkaido">Suttsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoichi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yoichi District, Hokkaido">Yoichi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akaigawa,_Hokkaido" title="Akaigawa, Hokkaido">Akaigawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niki,_Hokkaido" title="Niki, Hokkaido">Niki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoichi,_Hokkaido" title="Yoichi, Hokkaido">Yoichi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sorachi" title="Template:Sorachi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sorachi" title="Template talk:Sorachi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sorachi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sorachi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sorachi_Subprefecture71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_Subprefecture" title="Sorachi Subprefecture">Sorachi Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akabira" title="Akabira">Akabira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashibetsu" title="Ashibetsu">Ashibetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibai" title="Bibai">Bibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukagawa,_Hokkaido" title="Fukagawa, Hokkaido">Fukagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwamizawa" title="Iwamizawa">Iwamizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikasa,_Hokkaido" title="Mikasa, Hokkaido">Mikasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunagawa,_Hokkaido" title="Sunagawa, Hokkaido">Sunagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takikawa,_Hokkaido" title="Takikawa, Hokkaido">Takikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utashinai" title="Utashinai">Utashinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABbari,_Hokkaido" title="Yūbari, Hokkaido">Yūbari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabato_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kabato District, Hokkaido">Kabato District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shintotsukawa,_Hokkaido" title="Shintotsukawa, Hokkaido">Shintotsukawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukigata,_Hokkaido" title="Tsukigata, Hokkaido">Tsukigata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urausu,_Hokkaido" title="Urausu, Hokkaido">Urausu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Sorachi District, Hokkaido">Sorachi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamisunagawa,_Hokkaido" title="Kamisunagawa, Hokkaido">Kamisunagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naie,_Hokkaido" title="Naie, Hokkaido">Naie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanporo,_Hokkaido" title="Nanporo, Hokkaido">Nanporo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ury%C5%AB_District,_Hokkaido" title="Uryū District, Hokkaido">Uryū District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chippubetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Chippubetsu, Hokkaido">Chippubetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokury%C5%AB,_Hokkaido" title="Hokuryū, Hokkaido">Hokuryū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moseushi,_Hokkaido" title="Moseushi, Hokkaido">Moseushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numata,_Hokkaido" title="Numata, Hokkaido">Numata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ury%C5%AB,_Hokkaido" title="Uryū, Hokkaido">Uryū</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABbari_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yūbari District, Hokkaido">Yūbari District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuriyama,_Hokkaido" title="Kuriyama, Hokkaido">Kuriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naganuma,_Hokkaido" title="Naganuma, Hokkaido">Naganuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuni,_Hokkaido" title="Yuni, Hokkaido">Yuni</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kamikawa" title="Template:Kamikawa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kamikawa" title="Template talk:Kamikawa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kamikawa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kamikawa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kamikawa_Subprefecture106" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Core_cities_of_Japan" title="Core cities of Japan">Core city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahikawa" title="Asahikawa">Asahikawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furano,_Hokkaido" title="Furano, Hokkaido">Furano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayoro" title="Nayoro">Nayoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Shibetsu, Hokkaido">Shibetsu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Ishikari)_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kamikawa (Ishikari) District, Hokkaido">Kamikawa (Ishikari) District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aibetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Aibetsu, Hokkaido">Aibetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biei,_Hokkaido" title="Biei, Hokkaido">Biei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashikagura,_Hokkaido" title="Higashikagura, Hokkaido">Higashikagura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashikawa,_Hokkaido" title="Higashikawa, Hokkaido">Higashikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa,_Hokkaido" title="Kamikawa, Hokkaido">Kamikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pippu,_Hokkaido" title="Pippu, Hokkaido">Pippu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasu,_Hokkaido" title="Takasu, Hokkaido">Takasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dma,_Hokkaido" title="Tōma, Hokkaido">Tōma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Teshio)_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kamikawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaido">Kamikawa (Teshio) District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenbuchi,_Hokkaido" title="Kenbuchi, Hokkaido">Kenbuchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimokawa,_Hokkaido" title="Shimokawa, Hokkaido">Shimokawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassamu,_Hokkaido" title="Wassamu, Hokkaido">Wassamu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakagawa_(Teshio)_District,_Hokkaido" title="Nakagawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaido">Nakagawa District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bifuka,_Hokkaido" title="Bifuka, Hokkaido">Bifuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakagawa,_Hokkaido" title="Nakagawa, Hokkaido">Nakagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otoineppu,_Hokkaido" title="Otoineppu, Hokkaido">Otoineppu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Sorachi District, Hokkaido">Sorachi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamifurano,_Hokkaido" title="Kamifurano, Hokkaido">Kamifurano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minamifurano,_Hokkaido" title="Minamifurano, Hokkaido">Minamifurano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakafurano,_Hokkaido" title="Nakafurano, Hokkaido">Nakafurano</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ury%C5%AB_District,_Hokkaido" title="Uryū District, Hokkaido">Uryū District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horokanai,_Hokkaido" title="Horokanai, Hokkaido">Horokanai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABfutsu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yūfutsu District, Hokkaido">Yūfutsu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shimukappu" title="Shimukappu">Shimukappu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rumoi" title="Template:Rumoi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rumoi" title="Template talk:Rumoi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rumoi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rumoi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rumoi_Subprefecture67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rumoi_Subprefecture" title="Rumoi Subprefecture">Rumoi Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumoi,_Hokkaido" title="Rumoi, Hokkaido">Rumoi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashike_District,_Hokkaido" title="Mashike District, Hokkaido">Mashike District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashike,_Hokkaido" title="Mashike, Hokkaido">Mashike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumoi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Rumoi District, Hokkaido">Rumoi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obira,_Hokkaido" title="Obira, Hokkaido">Obira</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshio_District,_Hokkaido" title="Teshio District, Hokkaido">Teshio District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Enbetsu, Hokkaido">Enbetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshio,_Hokkaido" title="Teshio, Hokkaido">Teshio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomamae_District,_Hokkaido" title="Tomamae District, Hokkaido">Tomamae District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haboro,_Hokkaido" title="Haboro, Hokkaido">Haboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shosanbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Shosanbetsu, Hokkaido">Shosanbetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomamae,_Hokkaido" title="Tomamae, Hokkaido">Tomamae</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:S%C5%8Dya" title="Template:Sōya"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:S%C5%8Dya" title="Template talk:Sōya"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:S%C5%8Dya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sōya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sōya_Subprefecture67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dya_Subprefecture" title="Sōya Subprefecture">Sōya Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wakkanai" title="Wakkanai">Wakkanai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esashi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Esashi District, Hokkaido">Esashi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esashi,_Hokkaido_(S%C5%8Dya)" title="Esashi, Hokkaido (Sōya)">Esashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamatonbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Hamatonbetsu, Hokkaido">Hamatonbetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakatonbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido">Nakatonbetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebun_District,_Hokkaido" title="Rebun District, Hokkaido">Rebun District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rebun,_Hokkaido" title="Rebun, Hokkaido">Rebun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishiri_District,_Hokkaido" title="Rishiri District, Hokkaido">Rishiri District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rishiri,_Hokkaido" title="Rishiri, Hokkaido">Rishiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishirifuji,_Hokkaido" title="Rishirifuji, Hokkaido">Rishirifuji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dya_District,_Hokkaido" title="Sōya District, Hokkaido">Sōya District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarufutsu,_Hokkaido" title="Sarufutsu, Hokkaido">Sarufutsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshio_District,_Hokkaido" title="Teshio District, Hokkaido">Teshio District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toyotomi,_Hokkaido" title="Toyotomi, Hokkaido">Toyotomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horonobe,_Hokkaido" title="Horonobe, Hokkaido">Horonobe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Okhotsk" title="Template:Okhotsk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Okhotsk" title="Template talk:Okhotsk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Okhotsk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Okhotsk"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Okhotsk_Subprefecture71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Okhotsk_Subprefecture" title="Okhotsk Subprefecture">Okhotsk Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abashiri" title="Abashiri">Abashiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitami" title="Kitami">Kitami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Monbetsu, Hokkaido">Monbetsu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abashiri_District,_Hokkaido" title="Abashiri District, Hokkaido">Abashiri District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihoro,_Hokkaido" title="Bihoro, Hokkaido">Bihoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Czora,_Hokkaido" title="Ōzora, Hokkaido">Ōzora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsubetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Tsubetsu, Hokkaido">Tsubetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monbetsu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Monbetsu District, Hokkaido">Monbetsu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Engaru,_Hokkaido" title="Engaru, Hokkaido">Engaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishiokoppe,_Hokkaido" title="Nishiokoppe, Hokkaido">Nishiokoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okoppe,_Hokkaido" title="Okoppe, Hokkaido">Okoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmu,_Hokkaido" title="Ōmu, Hokkaido">Ōmu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takinoue,_Hokkaido" title="Takinoue, Hokkaido">Takinoue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Yūbetsu, Hokkaido">Yūbetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shari_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shari District, Hokkaido">Shari District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiyosato,_Hokkaido" title="Kiyosato, Hokkaido">Kiyosato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshimizu,_Hokkaido" title="Koshimizu, Hokkaido">Koshimizu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shari,_Hokkaido" title="Shari, Hokkaido">Shari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokoro_District,_Hokkaido" title="Tokoro District, Hokkaido">Tokoro District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kunneppu,_Hokkaido" title="Kunneppu, Hokkaido">Kunneppu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oketo,_Hokkaido" title="Oketo, Hokkaido">Oketo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saroma,_Hokkaido" title="Saroma, Hokkaido">Saroma</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iburi" title="Template:Iburi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iburi" title="Template talk:Iburi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iburi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iburi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iburi_Subprefecture69" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iburi_Subprefecture" title="Iburi Subprefecture">Iburi Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Date,_Hokkaido" title="Date, Hokkaido">Date</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muroran" title="Muroran">Muroran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noboribetsu" title="Noboribetsu">Noboribetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomakomai" title="Tomakomai">Tomakomai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuta_District,_Hokkaido" title="Abuta District, Hokkaido">Abuta District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyako,_Hokkaido" title="Tōyako, Hokkaido">Tōyako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyoura,_Hokkaido" title="Toyoura, Hokkaido">Toyoura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiraoi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shiraoi District, Hokkaido">Shiraoi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiraoi,_Hokkaido" title="Shiraoi, Hokkaido">Shiraoi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Usu District, Hokkaido">Usu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Sōbetsu, Hokkaido">Sōbetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABfutsu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Yūfutsu District, Hokkaido">Yūfutsu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abira,_Hokkaido" title="Abira, Hokkaido">Abira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsuma,_Hokkaido" title="Atsuma, Hokkaido">Atsuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukawa,_Hokkaido" title="Mukawa, Hokkaido">Mukawa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hidaka" title="Template:Hidaka"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hidaka" title="Template talk:Hidaka"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hidaka" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hidaka"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hidaka_Subprefecture33" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hidaka_Subprefecture" title="Hidaka Subprefecture">Hidaka Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidaka_District,_Hokkaido" title="Hidaka District, Hokkaido">Hidaka District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shinhidaka,_Hokkaido" title="Shinhidaka, Hokkaido">Shinhidaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horoizumi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Horoizumi District, Hokkaido">Horoizumi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erimo,_Hokkaido" title="Erimo, Hokkaido">Erimo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niikappu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Niikappu District, Hokkaido">Niikappu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niikappu,_Hokkaido" title="Niikappu, Hokkaido">Niikappu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samani_District,_Hokkaido" title="Samani District, Hokkaido">Samani District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samani,_Hokkaido" title="Samani, Hokkaido">Samani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saru_District,_Hokkaido" title="Saru District, Hokkaido">Saru District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biratori,_Hokkaido" title="Biratori, Hokkaido">Biratori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidaka,_Hokkaido" title="Hidaka, Hokkaido">Hidaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urakawa_District,_Hokkaido" title="Urakawa District, Hokkaido">Urakawa District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urakawa,_Hokkaido" title="Urakawa, Hokkaido">Urakawa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tokachi" title="Template:Tokachi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tokachi" title="Template talk:Tokachi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tokachi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tokachi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tokachi_Subprefecture69" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Subprefecture" title="Tokachi Subprefecture">Tokachi Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obihiro" title="Obihiro">Obihiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashoro_District,_Hokkaido" title="Ashoro District, Hokkaido">Ashoro District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashoro,_Hokkaido" title="Ashoro, Hokkaido">Ashoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikubetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Rikubetsu, Hokkaido">Rikubetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroo_District,_Hokkaido" title="Hiroo District, Hokkaido">Hiroo District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiroo,_Hokkaido" title="Hiroo, Hokkaido">Hiroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiki,_Hokkaido" title="Taiki, Hokkaido">Taiki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Tokachi)_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kamikawa (Tokachi) District, Hokkaido">Kamikawa District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shimizu,_Hokkaido" title="Shimizu, Hokkaido">Shimizu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shintoku,_Hokkaido" title="Shintoku, Hokkaido">Shintoku</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasai_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kasai District, Hokkaido">Kasai District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memuro,_Hokkaido" title="Memuro, Hokkaido">Memuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakasatsunai,_Hokkaido" title="Nakasatsunai, Hokkaido">Nakasatsunai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarabetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Sarabetsu, Hokkaido">Sarabetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_District,_Hokkaido" title="Katō District, Hokkaido">Katō District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamishihoro,_Hokkaido" title="Kamishihoro, Hokkaido">Kamishihoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otofuke,_Hokkaido" title="Otofuke, Hokkaido">Otofuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihoro,_Hokkaido" title="Shihoro, Hokkaido">Shihoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikaoi,_Hokkaido" title="Shikaoi, Hokkaido">Shikaoi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakagawa_(Tokachi)_District,_Hokkaido" title="Nakagawa (Tokachi) District, Hokkaido">Nakagawa District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honbetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Honbetsu, Hokkaido">Honbetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikeda,_Hokkaido" title="Ikeda, Hokkaido">Ikeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makubetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Makubetsu, Hokkaido">Makubetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyokoro,_Hokkaido" title="Toyokoro, Hokkaido">Toyokoro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokachi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Tokachi District, Hokkaido">Tokachi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urahoro,_Hokkaido" title="Urahoro, Hokkaido">Urahoro</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kushiro" title="Template:Kushiro"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kushiro" title="Template talk:Kushiro"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kushiro" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kushiro"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kushiro_Subprefecture69" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kushiro_Subprefecture" title="Kushiro Subprefecture">Kushiro Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kushiro" title="Kushiro">Kushiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_District,_Hokkaido" title="Akan District, Hokkaido">Akan District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsurui" title="Tsurui">Tsurui</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkeshi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Akkeshi District, Hokkaido">Akkeshi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akkeshi,_Hokkaido" title="Akkeshi, Hokkaido">Akkeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamanaka,_Hokkaido" title="Hamanaka, Hokkaido">Hamanaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawakami_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kawakami District, Hokkaido">Kawakami District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shibecha,_Hokkaido" title="Shibecha, Hokkaido">Shibecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshikaga,_Hokkaido" title="Teshikaga, Hokkaido">Teshikaga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiro_District,_Hokkaido" title="Kushiro District, Hokkaido">Kushiro District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kushiro_(town)" title="Kushiro (town)">Kushiro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiranuka_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shiranuka District, Hokkaido">Shiranuka District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiranuka,_Hokkaido" title="Shiranuka, Hokkaido">Shiranuka</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nemuro" title="Template:Nemuro"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nemuro" title="Template talk:Nemuro"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nemuro" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nemuro"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nemuro_Subprefecture68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nemuro_Subprefecture" title="Nemuro Subprefecture">Nemuro Subprefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Hokkaido">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nemuro,_Hokkaido" title="Nemuro, Hokkaido">Nemuro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menashi_District,_Hokkaido" title="Menashi District, Hokkaido">Menashi District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rausu,_Hokkaido" title="Rausu, Hokkaido">Rausu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notsuke_District,_Hokkaido" title="Notsuke District, Hokkaido">Notsuke District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betsukai,_Hokkaido" title="Betsukai, Hokkaido">Betsukai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibetsu_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shibetsu District, Hokkaido">Shibetsu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakashibetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Nakashibetsu, Hokkaido">Nakashibetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibetsu,_Hokkaido_(Nemuro)" title="Shibetsu, Hokkaido (Nemuro)">Shibetsu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kuril_Islands_dispute" title="Kuril Islands dispute">Northern Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etorofu_District,_Hokkaido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etorofu District, Hokkaido (page does not exist)">Etorofu District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rubetsu,_Hokkaido" title="Rubetsu, Hokkaido">Rubetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunashiri_District,_Hokkaido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunashiri District, Hokkaido (page does not exist)">Kunashiri District</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomari,_Hokkaido_(Kunishiri)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomari, Hokkaido (Kunishiri) (page does not exist)">Tomari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruyobetsu,_Hokkaido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruyobetsu, Hokkaido (page does not exist)">Ruyobetsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shana_District,_Hokkaido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shana District, Hokkaido (page does not exist)">Shana District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shana,_Hokkaido" title="Shana, Hokkaido">Shana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibetoro_District,_Hokkaido" title="Shibetoro District, Hokkaido">Shibetoro District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shibetoro,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Shibetoro, Hokkaido">Shibetoro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikotan_District,_Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Shikotan District, Hokkaido">Shikotan District</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shikotan,_Hokkaid%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shikotan, Hokkaidō (page does not exist)">Shikotan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_in_Hokkaido" title="List of mergers in Hokkaido">List of mergers in Hokkaido</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Host_cities_of_Asian_Games81" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_Games_host_cities" title="Template:Asian Games host cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_Games_host_cities" title="Template talk:Asian Games host cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_Games_host_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian Games host cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Host_cities_of_Asian_Games81" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Host cities of <a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Summer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1951_Asian_Games" title="1951 Asian Games">1951</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1954_Asian_Games" title="1954 Asian Games">1954</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1958_Asian_Games" title="1958 Asian Games">1958</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1962_Asian_Games" title="1962 Asian Games">1962</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1966_Asian_Games" title="1966 Asian Games">1966</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_Asian_Games" title="1970 Asian Games">1970</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1974_Asian_Games" title="1974 Asian Games">1974</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1978_Asian_Games" title="1978 Asian Games">1978</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1982_Asian_Games" title="1982 Asian Games">1982</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1986_Asian_Games" title="1986 Asian Games">1986</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1990_Asian_Games" title="1990 Asian Games">1990</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1994_Asian_Games" title="1994 Asian Games">1994</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1998_Asian_Games" title="1998 Asian Games">1998</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2002_Asian_Games" title="2002 Asian Games">2002</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2006_Asian_Games" title="2006 Asian Games">2006</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Asian_Games" title="2010 Asian Games">2010</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_Asian_Games" title="2014 Asian Games">2014</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_Asian_Games" title="2018 Asian Games">2018</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>-<a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2022_Asian_Games" title="2022 Asian Games">2022</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2026_Asian_Games" title="2026 Asian Games">2026</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Aichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aichi">Aichi</a>-<a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2030_Asian_Games" title="2030 Asian Games">2030</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2034_Asian_Games" title="2034 Asian Games">2034</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_Games_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Asian Games logo"><img alt="Asian Games logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asian_Games_logo.svg/70px-Asian_Games_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asian_Games_logo.svg/105px-Asian_Games_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Asian_Games_logo.svg/140px-Asian_Games_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="406" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Winter_Games" title="Asian Winter Games">Winter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1986_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1986 Asian Winter Games">1986</a>:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1990_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1990 Asian Winter Games">1990</a>:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1996_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1996 Asian Winter Games">1996</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1999_Asian_Winter_Games" title="1999 Asian Winter Games">1999</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Gangwon_Province_(South_Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangwon Province (South Korea)">Kangwon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2003_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2003 Asian Winter Games">2003</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Aomori_Prefecture" title="Aomori Prefecture">Aomori</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2007_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2007 Asian Winter Games">2007</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Changchun" title="Changchun">Changchun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2011_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2011 Asian Winter Games">2011</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>-<a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2017_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2017 Asian Winter Games">2017</a>:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2025_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2025 Asian Winter Games">2025</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2029_Asian_Winter_Games" title="2029 Asian Winter Games">2029</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Trojena" title="Trojena">Trojena</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Metropolitan_areas_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_over_a_million340" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:JPLargestMetros" title="Template:JPLargestMetros"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:JPLargestMetros" title="Template talk:JPLargestMetros"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:JPLargestMetros" title="Special:EditPage/Template:JPLargestMetros"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Metropolitan_areas_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_over_a_million340" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Urban_Employment_Area" title="Urban Employment Area">Metropolitan areas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> with a population of over a million</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapporo metropolitan area">Sapporo</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11249471" class="extiw" title="d:Q11249471">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Subprefecture" title="Shiribeshi Subprefecture">Shiribeshi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_Subprefecture" title="Sorachi Subprefecture">Sorachi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dhoku_region" title="Tōhoku region">Tōhoku region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sendai_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sendai metropolitan area">Sendai</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11251512" class="extiw" title="d:Q11251512">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_region" title="Kantō region">Kantō region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsunomiya metropolitan area">Utsunomiya</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11449830" class="extiw" title="d:Q11449830">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Maebashi metropolitan area">Maebashi</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397332" class="extiw" title="d:Q11397332">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo metropolitan area">Tokyo</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Prefecture">Tokyo</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_Prefecture" title="Ibaraki Prefecture">Ibaraki</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABbu_region" title="Chūbu region">Chūbu region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata metropolitan area">Niigata</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11503605" class="extiw" title="d:Q11503605">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyama metropolitan area">Toyama</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456854" class="extiw" title="d:Q11456854">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Toyama_Prefecture" title="Toyama Prefecture">Toyama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamamatsu metropolitan area">Hamamatsu</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11557888" class="extiw" title="d:Q11557888">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Shizuoka</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagoya metropolitan area">Nagoya</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24901650" class="extiw" title="d:Q24901650">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture" title="Gifu Prefecture">Gifu</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kinki region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyoto metropolitan area">Kyoto</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375711" class="extiw" title="d:Q11375711">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shiga_Prefecture" title="Shiga Prefecture">Shiga</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyoto</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka metropolitan area">Osaka</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11441649" class="extiw" title="d:Q11441649">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Kyoto</span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyogo</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_Prefecture" title="Wakayama Prefecture">Wakayama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobe_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe metropolitan area">Kobe</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11590230" class="extiw" title="d:Q11590230">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Hyogo</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABgoku_region" title="Chūgoku region">Chūgoku region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okayama_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Okayama metropolitan area">Okayama</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11472765" class="extiw" title="d:Q11472765">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima metropolitan area">Hiroshima</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11485286" class="extiw" title="d:Q11485286">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitakyushu metropolitan area">Kitakyushu</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10855764" class="extiw" title="d:Q10855764">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukuoka metropolitan area">Fukuoka</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288342" class="extiw" title="d:Q11288342">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Fukuoka</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumamoto metropolitan area">Kumamoto</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11568614" class="extiw" title="d:Q11568614">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Cities_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_200,000+240" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Template:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Template talk:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Cities_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_200,000+240" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">Cities in Japan with a population of 200,000+</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000 and more</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000–1,999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sapporo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saitama_(city)" title="Saitama (city)">Saitama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu" title="Kitakyushu">Kitakyushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiba_(city)" title="Chiba (city)">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setagaya" title="Setagaya">Setagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_(city)" title="Niigata (city)">Niigata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_(city)" title="Shizuoka (city)">Shizuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerima" title="Nerima">Nerima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Tokyo" title="Ōta, Tokyo">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edogawa,_Tokyo" title="Edogawa, Tokyo">Edogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adachi,_Tokyo" title="Adachi, Tokyo">Adachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funabashi" title="Funabashi">Funabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachi%C5%8Dji" title="Hachiōji">Hachiōji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaguchi,_Saitama" title="Kawaguchi, Saitama">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himeji" title="Himeji">Himeji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suginami" title="Suginami">Suginami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabashi" title="Itabashi">Itabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsuyama" title="Matsuyama">Matsuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashi%C5%8Dsaka" title="Higashiōsaka">Higashiōsaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya" title="Utsunomiya">Utsunomiya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsudo" title="Matsudo">Matsudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurashiki" title="Kurashiki">Kurashiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichikawa,_Chiba" title="Ichikawa, Chiba">Ichikawa, Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_(city)" title="Ōita (city)">Oita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuyama,_Hiroshima" title="Fukuyama, Hiroshima">Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amagasaki" title="Amagasaki">Amagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanazawa" title="Kanazawa">Kanazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Kōtō">Kōtō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsushika" title="Katsushika">Katsushika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka" title="Yokosuka">Yokosuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_(city)" title="Toyama (city)">Toyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota,_Aichi" title="Toyota, Aichi">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takamatsu,_Kagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Takamatsu, Kagawa">Takamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machida,_Tokyo" title="Machida, Tokyo">Machida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifu" title="Gifu">Gifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirakata" title="Hirakata">Hirakata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujisawa,_Kanagawa" title="Fujisawa, Kanagawa">Fujisawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashiwa" title="Kashiwa">Kashiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyonaka" title="Toyonaka">Toyonaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_(city)" title="Nagano (city)">Nagano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyohashi" title="Toyohashi">Toyohashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichinomiya,_Aichi" title="Ichinomiya, Aichi">Ichinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_(city)" title="Wakayama (city)">Wakayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazaki,_Aichi" title="Okazaki, Aichi">Okazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_(city)" title="Miyazaki (city)">Miyazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara_(city)" title="Nara (city)">Nara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takatsuki" title="Takatsuki">Takatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinagawa" title="Shinagawa">Shinagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahikawa" title="Asahikawa">Asahikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki,_Fukushima" title="Iwaki, Fukushima">Iwaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kōchi (city)">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasaki" title="Takasaki">Takasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Driyama" title="Kōriyama">Kōriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokorozawa,_Saitama" title="Tokorozawa, Saitama">Tokorozawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawagoe,_Saitama" title="Kawagoe, Saitama">Kawagoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita,_Tokyo" title="Kita, Tokyo">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akita_(city)" title="Akita (city)">Akita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ctsu" title="Ōtsu">Ōtsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshigaya" title="Koshigaya">Koshigaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi" title="Maebashi">Maebashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naha" title="Naha">Naha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakano,_Tokyo" title="Nakano, Tokyo">Nakano, Tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinjuku" title="Shinjuku">Shinjuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokkaichi" title="Yokkaichi">Yokkaichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aomori" title="Aomori">Aomori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurume" title="Kurume">Kurume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasugai,_Aichi" title="Kasugai, Aichi">Kasugai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morioka" title="Morioka">Morioka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_(city)" title="Fukushima (city)">Fukushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsu,_Mie" title="Tsu, Mie">Tsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki" title="Shimonoseki">Shimonoseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka,_Niigata" title="Nagaoka, Niigata">Nagaoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichihara,_Chiba" title="Ichihara, Chiba">Ichihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao,_Osaka" title="Yao, Osaka">Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki,_Osaka" title="Ibaraki, Osaka">Ibaraki, Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukui_(city)" title="Fukui (city)">Fukui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meguro" title="Meguro">Meguro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakogawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kakogawa, Hyōgo">Kakogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_(city)" title="Tokushima (city)">Tokushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mito,_Ibaraki" title="Mito, Ibaraki">Mito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiratsuka" title="Hiratsuka">Hiratsuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshima" title="Toshima">Toshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_(city)" title="Yamagata 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title="Tottori (city)">Tottori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37951#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1964" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37951#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1964" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37951#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051677-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80026068">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb144019453">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb144019453">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00299063">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sapporo (Japonsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge388963&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX6214158">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007562078605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/f6ee740c-c951-4220-9568-f443ac667a83">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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