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id="toc-Route_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-West_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>West Street</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eleventh_Avenue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eleventh_Avenue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Eleventh Avenue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eleventh_Avenue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twelfth_Avenue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twelfth_Avenue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Twelfth Avenue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twelfth_Avenue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_Side_Elevated_Highway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Side_Elevated_Highway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>West Side Elevated Highway</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-West_Side_Elevated_Highway-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle West Side Elevated Highway subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-West_Side_Elevated_Highway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Death_Avenue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_Avenue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Death Avenue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_Avenue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plans_for_the_new_highway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plans_for_the_new_highway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Plans for the new highway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plans_for_the_new_highway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Double-decker_railroad/highway_proposal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Double-decker_railroad/highway_proposal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Double-decker railroad/highway proposal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Double-decker_railroad/highway_proposal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miller's_elevated_single-deck_highway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miller's_elevated_single-deck_highway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Miller's elevated single-deck highway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miller's_elevated_single-deck_highway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exotic_alternatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exotic_alternatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Exotic alternatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exotic_alternatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_Society_objections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_Society_objections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Art Society objections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_Society_objections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Robert_Moses_proposals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Robert_Moses_proposals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Robert Moses proposals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Robert_Moses_proposals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1973_collapse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1973_collapse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1973 collapse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1973_collapse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Westway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Westway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Westway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Westway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Riverside_South" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Riverside_South"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Riverside South</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Riverside_South-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_Side_Highway_Replacement_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Side_Highway_Replacement_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>West Side Highway Replacement Project</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-West_Side_Highway_Replacement_Project-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle West Side Highway Replacement Project subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-West_Side_Highway_Replacement_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hudson_River_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hudson_River_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Hudson River Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hudson_River_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joe_DiMaggio_Highway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joe_DiMaggio_Highway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Joe DiMaggio Highway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joe_DiMaggio_Highway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-September_11,_2001,_and_aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September_11,_2001,_and_aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>September 11, 2001, and aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-September_11,_2001,_and_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_intersections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_intersections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Major intersections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_intersections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">West Side Highway</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Avenue" title="Twelfth Avenue – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Twelfth Avenue" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Highway" title="West Side Highway – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="West Side Highway" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Street" title="West Street – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="West Street" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Highway" title="West Side Highway – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="West Side Highway" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamabigarren_etorbidea_(Manhattan)" title="Hamabigarren etorbidea (Manhattan) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hamabigarren etorbidea (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="بزرگراه وست ساید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بزرگراه وست ساید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douzi%C3%A8me_Avenue" title="Douzième Avenue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Douzième Avenue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C_%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4" title="웨스트사이드 하이웨이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웨스트사이드 하이웨이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Highway" title="West Side Highway – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="West Side Highway" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Highway_(Manhattan)" title="West Side Highway (Manhattan) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="West Side Highway (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4" title="ウェストサイド・ハイウェイ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウェストサイド・ハイウェイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Вест-Сайд-Хайвей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вест-Сайд-Хайвей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Вест-Сайд-Хайвей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вест-Сайд-Хайвей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q130424#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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Street (Manhattan)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Boulevard in Manhattan, New York</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/West_Street_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="West Street (disambiguation)">West Street (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Highway_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="West Side Highway (disambiguation)">West Side Highway (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the section of NY 9A in Manhattan below 72nd Street. For the section of NY 9A in Manhattan above 72nd Street, see <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>. For the entire route, see <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_9A" title="New York State Route 9A">New York State Route 9A</a>. For elevated highway it mostly replaced, see <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Elevated_Highway" title="West Side Elevated Highway">West Side Elevated Highway</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.header-ESP-A,.mw-parser-output .header-ESP-AP,.mw-parser-output .header-ESP-Autovia,.mw-parser-output .header-ESP-Autopista{background:#19408b;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-ESP-N{background:#bf0411;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-FIN-blue{background:#005eb8;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-FIN-green{background:#00997c;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-IND{background:#128807;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-ISL{background:#ffd200;border:2px solid #000}.mw-parser-output .header-ISR{background:#007e00;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-ISR-freeway{background:#0000fe;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-JPN{background:#0066b3;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-JPN-Exp{background:#005d35;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-KOS{background:#06c;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-KOS-R,.mw-parser-output .header-PHL{background:#093;color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .header-MDG{background:#fff;color:#af1e2d;border:2px solid #000}.mw-parser-output .header-NOR{background:#f2a900}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div style="text-align:center;"><div style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"></div><div style="margin:0 0 0.1em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NY-9A.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/70px-NY-9A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/105px-NY-9A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/140px-NY-9A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div style="margin:0.1em;">West Side Highway</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Joe DiMaggio Highway</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 275px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="275" data-overlays="["_753173675e2c1f66b667609e882925d2be6f5d82"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,a,a,a,290x275.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=West_Side_Highway&revid=1257289923&groups=_753173675e2c1f66b667609e882925d2be6f5d82" width="290" height="275" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,a,a,a,290x275@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=West_Side_Highway&revid=1257289923&groups=_753173675e2c1f66b667609e882925d2be6f5d82 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div><div class="infobox-caption">West Side Highway highlighted</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-USA">Route information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">5.42 mi<sup id="cite_ref-2014tdr_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014tdr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (8.72 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Existed</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">2001–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Restrictions</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">No commercial vehicles on freeway section</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-USA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Major junctions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">South end</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/I-478.svg/30px-I-478.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/I-478.svg/45px-I-478.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/I-478.svg/60px-I-478.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></span></span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/24px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/36px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/48px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_478_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 478 (New York)">I-478</a> / <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_East_River_Drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive">FDR Drive</a> / Battery Place in <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_City" title="Battery Park City">Battery Park City</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">North end</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/24px-NY-9A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/36px-NY-9A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/48px-NY-9A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/24px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/36px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/48px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_9A" title="New York State Route 9A">NY 9A</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Kitchen,_Manhattan" title="Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan">Hell's Kitchen</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-USA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-USA">Highway system</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_New_York" title="Numbered highways in New York">New York Highways</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Interstate_Highways_in_New_York" title="List of Interstate Highways in New York">Interstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._Routes_in_New_York" title="List of U.S. Routes in New York">US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_routes_in_New_York" title="List of state routes in New York">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reference_routes_in_New_York" title="List of reference routes in New York">Reference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkways_in_New_York" title="Parkways in New York">Parkways</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG/220px-West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG/330px-West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG/440px-West_Side_Highway_from_1_WTC_New_York_City.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption>View from <a href="/wiki/One_World_Trade_Center" title="One World Trade Center">One World Trade Center</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Joe DiMaggio Highway</b>, commonly called the <b>West Side Highway</b> and formerly the <b>Miller Highway</b>, is a 5.42-mile-long (8.72 km) mostly surface section of <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_9A" title="New York State Route 9A">New York State Route 9A</a> (NY 9A), running from <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">West 72nd Street</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> to the southern tip of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ny-co-routes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It replaced the <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Elevated_Highway" title="West Side Elevated Highway">West Side Elevated Highway</a>, built between 1929 and 1951, was shut down in 1973 due to neglect and lack of maintenance, and was dismantled by 1989. North of 72nd Street, the roadway continues as the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ny-co-routes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current highway was complete by 2001, but required reconstruction after the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> that year, when the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_World_Trade_Center" title="Collapse of the World Trade Center">collapse of the World Trade Center</a> caused debris to fall onto the surrounding areas, damaging the highway. It uses the surface streets that existed before the elevated highway was built: West Street, <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Eleventh Avenue</a> and Twelfth Avenue. A short section of Twelfth Avenue still runs between 125th and 138th Streets, under the <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_Viaduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside Drive Viaduct">Riverside Drive Viaduct</a>. Eleventh Avenue is a separate street north of <a href="/wiki/22nd_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd Street (Manhattan)">22nd Street</a>. The portion between West 42nd Street and Canal Street is part of the <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Highway" title="Lincoln Highway">Lincoln Highway</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Route_description">Route description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Route description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The highway is a six-to-eight lane <a href="/wiki/Urban_boulevard" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban boulevard">urban boulevard</a>, with the northernmost section, from <a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a> (signed as the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">freeway</a> elevated above a former rail yard adjacent to tracks still used by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>. Trucks and buses are allowed only on the surface section. The West Side Highway's surface section takes three names: West Street from the <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_Underpass" title="Battery Park Underpass">Battery Park Underpass</a> north to <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">Tenth Avenue</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Eleventh Avenue</a> to 22nd Street, and finally Twelfth Avenue to 72nd Street. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_(West_Side_Highway)_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan,_New_York_City,_New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/267px-2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/401px-2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/534px-2024-05-20_14_52_10_View_north_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_Battery_Park_Underpass_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Beginning of West Street and the West Side Highway starting from the <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_Underpass" title="Battery Park Underpass">Battery Park Underpass</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="West_Street">West Street</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: West Street"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The highway begins from <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery Park">Battery Park</a> close to the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn-Battery_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel">Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel</a> where it also accepts traffic from the southern terminus of <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a>. From there, the route passes close to the site of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_site" title="World Trade Center site">World Trade Center</a> at Vesey Street. The route continues with this name passing by numerous piers along the Hudson River until Gansevoort Street in the Meatpacking District where it becomes Eleventh Avenue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eleventh_Avenue">Eleventh Avenue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Eleventh Avenue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)</a></div> <p>Eleventh Avenue begins just north of the intersection with <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">Tenth Avenue</a>. The highway is concurrent with Eleventh Avenue north of this point, passing by the 14th Street Park at <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th Street</a>. The highway continues with this name alongside the Chelsea Piers until it reaches <a href="/wiki/22nd_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd Street (Manhattan)">22nd Street</a> where the highway branches off from Eleventh Avenue onto Twelfth Avenue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twelfth_Avenue">Twelfth Avenue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Twelfth Avenue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At 22nd Street, the highway continues as Twelfth Avenue passing by the <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Waterside_Park" title="Chelsea Waterside Park">Chelsea Waterside Park</a>. It passes just west of the <a href="/wiki/Javits_Center" title="Javits Center">Javits Center</a> from <a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th Street</a> to 38th Street and over the <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tunnel" title="Lincoln Tunnel">Lincoln Tunnel</a> at 39th Street. The road continues past the <a href="/wiki/Intrepid_Sea,_Air_%26_Space_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum">Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum</a> and Piers 84 to 92, a major cruise ship terminal building. At <a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Street</a>, the highway becomes an elevated <a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">freeway</a> and at 72nd Street, the highway becomes the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ny-co-routes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West-side-riverside-south.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/West-side-riverside-south.jpg/225px-West-side-riverside-south.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/West-side-riverside-south.jpg/338px-West-side-riverside-south.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/West-side-riverside-south.jpg/450px-West-side-riverside-south.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>The last elevated portion of the West Side Highway by the <a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South</a> apartment complex</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="West_Side_Elevated_Highway">West Side Elevated Highway</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: West Side Elevated Highway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Elevated_Highway" title="West Side Elevated Highway">West Side Elevated Highway</a></div> <p>Various proposals circulated in the 1920s to build an expressway on the west side. Among the proposals: </p> <ul><li>Rail/Highway Double Decker – The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a> proposed building a highway/rail double decked highway from 72nd Street to Canal Street, which would be constructed privately at no cost to the city. It would eliminate 106 grade crossings over 84 blocks. It ran into opposition because of fears that it would create a rail monopoly.</li> <li>Hencken's Ten-story Train/Car/Office/People Mover – Engineer John Hencken proposed an exotic ten-story complex with a rail line underground, a road at street level, and a people mover built above that, topped by ten stories of apartments and offices. The highway would run on top of the ten-story buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Manhattan <a href="/wiki/Borough_president" title="Borough president">borough president</a> <a href="/wiki/Julius_Miller" title="Julius Miller">Julius Miller</a> said that something had to be done right away and ultimately pushed through the plan for the <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Elevated_Highway" title="West Side Elevated Highway">West Side Elevated Highway</a>, which was to eventually bear his name. The proposal immediately ran into stiff opposition. The City Club and New York City Mayor <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Walker" title="Jimmy Walker">James J. Walker</a> objected to the highway on the grounds that it would block waterfront-bound freight traffic. At the time, West Street exhibited a "daily avalanche of freight and passengers in traffic", and was "walled by an unbroken line of bulkhead sheds and dock structures"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> blocking the view not only of the river, but even of the ships being serviced, and the commerce carried out on those piers and slips was vital to the economic health of the city. They believed that the plans should wait until the surface railroad tracks were removed in the area, at which point the elevated highway might not be necessary. Many objected that it would be ugly. Finally, in 1929, construction started, and the section between Canal Street and West 72nd Street was completed in 1937, with a "Southern Extension" to the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Battery_Tunnel" title="Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel">Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel</a> completed in 1951. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_Avenue">Death Avenue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section: Death Avenue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg/220px-West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg/330px-West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg/440px-West_Side_Highway_N_at_Chambers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="3237" /></a><figcaption>Former elevated highway, looking north at the <a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Chambers Street (Manhattan)">Chambers Street</a> ramps</figcaption></figure> <p>Before the West Side Highway was built, the road along the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> was busy, with significant cross traffic going to <a href="/wiki/Dock_(maritime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dock (maritime)">docks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferries" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferries">ferries</a>. At 22nd Street, most traffic continued north along <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Eleventh Avenue</a>, along which the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a> (NYCRR)'s <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Line" title="West Side Line">West Side Line</a> ran; it was known by many as "<a href="/wiki/Death_Avenue" title="Death Avenue">Death Avenue</a>" for the many crashes caused by trains and automobiles colliding. </p><p>The first official proposal for an elevated highway along Manhattan's west side was made by Police Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edward_Enright" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Edward Enright">Richard Edward Enright</a> on January 12, 1924, in a letter to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Estimate" title="New York City Board of Estimate">New York City Board of Estimate</a>. The highway was to be 100 feet (30 m) wide, running north from the <a href="/wiki/Battery_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery (Manhattan)">Battery</a> to <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a> at <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Drive (Manhattan)">Riverside Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_End_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="West End Avenue (Manhattan)">West End Avenue</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam Avenue (Manhattan)">Amsterdam Avenue</a>. According to Enright, "During business hours <a href="/wiki/West_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Street (Manhattan)">West Street</a> [was] the most <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">congested</a> thoroughfare in the city. Vast quantities of the city's foodstuffs [were] handled in the territory adjacent to West Street." He cited traffic congestion as an extra cost of doing business and a blockage for <a href="/wiki/Fire_apparatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire apparatus">fire engines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plans_for_the_new_highway">Plans for the new highway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section: Plans for the new highway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Double-decker_railroad/highway_proposal"><span id="Double-decker_railroad.2Fhighway_proposal"></span>Double-decker railroad/highway proposal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-4" title="Edit section: Double-decker railroad/highway proposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 2, 1925, it was announced that the railroad would build a combined double-decker elevated highway and freight railroad (with the highway above the railroad) for $24 million at no cost to the city. At the time, Eleventh Avenue was popularly known as "Death Avenue" owing to the dangers of the surface line. The elevated structure would eliminate 106 grade crossings over 84 blocks. The proposal came about after six months of negotiations between Manhattan Borough President <a href="/wiki/Julius_Miller" title="Julius Miller">Julius Miller</a> and the NYCRR. The planned highway would no longer go to the Battery, instead ending at <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a>, meeting the Holland Tunnel (which would open to traffic on November 13, 1927). The northern terminus was set at <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Drive (Manhattan)">Riverside Drive</a>. Ramps were planned at <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Drive (Manhattan)">Riverside Drive</a>, and at least two other locations.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_New_York_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of New York Authority">Port of New York Authority</a> opposed the plan, preferring a more forward-looking comprehensive freight distribution plan. They attacked Miller as trying to push the plan through without input from the Port Authority.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Port Authority wanted a system of inland terminals and belt-line railroads. According to Port Authority Chairman Julian Gregory, it was almost certain that NYCRR would not go along with the Port Authority plan. It was also believed that giving NYCRR elevated tracks on the west side would allow the railroad to monopolize freight and raise prices. The Port Authority believed it was primarily a freight problem, but NYCRR and New York City considered it to be a grade-crossing elimination project.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Miller responded by arguing that something had to be done right away. He said that if the Port Authority could put forward a comprehensive plan within five years, he would put his full support behind it. He also pointed out that his plan was only one part of his "comprehensive plan for the relief of traffic congestion"; he had already widened many avenues and removed several <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a> elevated railroad spurs. He said the plan would not give the NYCRR any rights they did not already have; it was merely a relocation of existing tracks. The tracks had been on the surface for 55 years despite legal action taken against them, and Miller claimed they would be there for another 50 if nothing were done. Miller also received a letter from NYCRR Vice President Ira Place, stating that the railroad would reduce freight rates if the new elevated structure were built.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Miller's_elevated_single-deck_highway"><span id="Miller.27s_elevated_single-deck_highway"></span>Miller's elevated single-deck highway</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-5" title="Edit section: Miller's elevated single-deck highway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Artery_plan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Central_Artery_plan.jpg/220px-Central_Artery_plan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Central_Artery_plan.jpg/330px-Central_Artery_plan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Central_Artery_plan.jpg/440px-Central_Artery_plan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>A plan for <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Central_Artery" title="Central Artery">Central Artery</a>, based on the West Side Highway</figcaption></figure> <p>On January 20, 1926, borough president Miller sent a plan for an $11 million elevated highway to be built completely on city property to the Board of Estimate. The elevated railroad was removed from the plan, since NYCRR had come up with a separate project for partially elevating and depressing their railroad (now known as the <a href="/wiki/High_Line" title="High Line">High Line</a>). According to Miller, there were questions over who would own and maintain the dual structure. There were also objections to its height of 40 feet (12 m) and its placement at the east building line of the existing surface roads. The elevated highway was to connect to a planned parkway (now the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>) at <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a>, forming a highway free from cross traffic stretching from <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/129th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="129th Street (Manhattan)">129th Street</a>. The elevated road was to be 60 feet (18 m) wide, wide enough for six lanes of traffic; the existing surface road would carry local traffic beneath the highway. Ramps would be provided at <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Street" title="Christopher Street">Christopher Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd Street</a>, and <a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">57th Street</a>. Slow-moving traffic would use the left lanes, due to the <a href="/wiki/Left_exit" class="mw-redirect" title="Left exit">left-hand ramps</a>. This contrasts with the current method of using the left lane for passing and putting ramps on the right side, and to the method popular around the 1950s of putting ramps on whichever side was easier. The highway would "carry buses that will make both its conveniences and its beauties available to the general public", according to Miller. He suggested Hudson River Boulevard for the name of the highway.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 24, 1925, Governor <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Al Smith</a> signed a bill authorizing the construction of the highway. Funds for the $11 million highway were to be procured by <a href="/wiki/Property_tax_in_the_United_States#property_assessment" title="Property tax in the United States">property assessments</a> along the route; this was considered reasonable due to advantages gained from the highway by those living along the route. The road was to be 65 feet (20 m), five feet wider than <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a>, with a speed limit of at least 30 miles per hour (48 km/h), and would be 20 feet (6.1 m) off the ground. It would be built of <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Cement" title="Cement">cement</a> face. A three-foot (1 m) sidewalk would be built for <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian" title="Pedestrian">pedestrians</a>, although the highway was intended mainly for motor vehicles. Two-block-long ramps would be provided with easy grades for entering and exiting the highway. Trucks would be allowed on the highway.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Board of Estimate approved the highway, now costing $13.5 million on June 14, 1926. It was to be built so a second deck could be added at a later time for about $9 million if traffic warranted. Controller <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Berry" title="Charles W. Berry">Charles W. Berry</a> questioned the proposal until he realized the money would come from tax assessments, at which time he agreed with the project.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 10, 1926, the Sinking Fund Commission voted to give the city title to the <a href="/wiki/Shore" class="mw-redirect" title="Shore">waterfront</a> property along the proposed highway. The highway plan was linked to a plan by the city for more piers for ocean steamships; since the highway required land takings between <a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">47th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(Manhattan)" title="51st Street (Manhattan)">51st Street</a>, it was easier to combine the projects and prevent additional expense.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 17, 1927, the Board of Estimate adopted the final plans for the highway, setting a hearing date of March 24. It was split into two sections, Section one went from <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Street</a>. Section two was to carry the road over the NYCRR's 60th Street Yard from <a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Section two was approved by the Board of Estimate on August 16, 1928; section one was postponed until September 27 due to objections.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 18, the Board of Estimate approved section one.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highway was advocated by most business interests, including the Downtown League, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifth_Avenue_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fifth Avenue Association (page does not exist)">Fifth Avenue Association</a>, the West End Association, and eleven other organizations. They cited increasing traffic and the need of a <a href="/wiki/Bypass_route" class="mw-redirect" title="Bypass route">bypass route</a> to support the highway, which would cost little in comparison to its benefits. Miller spoke at a meeting of the Market and Business Men's Association of the <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan" title="Chelsea, Manhattan">Chelsea</a> Districts on October 30, 1928, detailing plans for the highway. It was announced that between 90 and 100 meat and poultry dealers in the West Washington Market and the <a href="/wiki/Gansevoort_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Gansevoort Market">Gansevoort Market</a> would be evicted to make way for the highway.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minor changes to the highway were approved on January 10, 1929, in response to several objections. The alignment in the Chelsea district was slightly modified to avoid proposed piers, and the path through the markets was realigned to pass over a corner of the property. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th Street</a> ramps were moved to the area between <a href="/wiki/19th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="19th Street (Manhattan)">19th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd Street</a>, where they would spare many markets at 14th Street.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the West Washington Market would no longer be demolished, and instead the highway would graze the roofs of some of the stores.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Exotic_alternatives">Exotic alternatives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-6" title="Edit section: Exotic alternatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An alternate plan was put forth by John Hencken, an engineer, and approved by <a href="/wiki/Ernest_P._Goodrich" title="Ernest P. Goodrich">Ernest P. Goodrich</a>, consulting engineer to the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">Regional Plan of New York and its Environs</a>. A linear corridor would be built from the <a href="/wiki/Battery_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery (Manhattan)">Battery</a> to <a href="/wiki/Yonkers" class="mw-redirect" title="Yonkers">Yonkers</a>. A freight railroad would lie underground. On ground level would be roads alongside the corridor and an indoor enclosed sidewalk. The mezzanine, between the first and second floors, would be occupied by office space. The second floor would carry a "continuous noiseless <a href="/wiki/Slidewalk" class="mw-redirect" title="Slidewalk">moving platform system</a> for passenger service", with adjacent belts moving at various speeds, for a maximum of 21 miles per hour (34 km/h) in the middle. This service would be free, and would be a substitute for new <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">subways</a> in the corridor. Above the second floor would be about ten stories of apartments, offices, businesses, and other uses appropriate for the neighborhoods; these would be the main source of revenue to pay for the project. A high-speed motor parkway, open to passenger cars only, would lie on top. Cars would reach the upper level via ramps at both ends and elevators at convenient intervals.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dr. Benjamin Battin, a professor at <a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore College</a>, Pennsylvania, had a similar plan for an eight-story high boulevard. The street level and first floor would be connected to the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> piers. The second and third stories would carry electric passenger trains, with the second floor carrying northbound traffic and southbound traffic using the third floor. A public garage would occupy the fourth and fifth floors, helping to pay off the bonds for the project. The sixth and seventh floors would carry one-way passenger car traffic, permitting speeds of up to 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). A reversible roadway, carrying cars in the direction of rush hour traffic, would occupy the eighth and ninth (top) levels. Ramps to the upper car levels would be provided every 15 to 20 blocks.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_Society_objections">Art Society objections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Elevated_Highway&action=edit&section=T-7" title="Edit section: Art Society objections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg/220px-West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg/330px-West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg/440px-West_Side_Highway_N_near_Canal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4632" data-file-height="3224" /></a><figcaption>The old elevated highway, looking north towards the bridge over <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The plan was criticized by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Adams_(architect)" title="Thomas Adams (architect)">Thomas Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">Regional Plan Association</a> director, at the 1927 meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Art_Society" title="Municipal Art Society">Municipal Art Society</a>. He disapproved of its ugliness and noise, and suggested simply clearing obstructions to the existing surface road to speed traffic. Adams instead supported a comprehensive regional plan for development in the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Valley" title="Hudson Valley">Hudson Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fine_Arts_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fine Arts Federation (page does not exist)">Fine Arts Federation</a> also opposed the highway, saying that elevated structures were unsightly, and that if the existing street were cleared a new highway might not be required.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The City Club and New York City Mayor <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Walker" title="Jimmy Walker">Jimmy Walker</a> objected to the highway on the grounds that it would block waterfront-bound freight traffic. They believed that the plans should wait until the surface railroad tracks were removed in the area, at which point the elevated highway might not be necessary. Parallels were drawn with <a href="/wiki/Elevated_railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Elevated railroad">elevated passenger railroads</a>, which were being torn down at the time; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_H._Curran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry H. Curran (page does not exist)">Henry Curran</a> of the City Club called elevated structures "a misfit in New York". The City Club also objected to more passenger cars in downtown Manhattan.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concerns were raised by the Women's League for the Protection of Riverside Park, which opposed routing trucks through <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Park (Manhattan)">Riverside Park</a>, which would contain a parkway extending from the north end of the planned elevated highway. The League emphasized that commercial traffic should be banned north of <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a> (as it currently is on the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Robert_Moses_proposals">Robert Moses proposals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Robert Moses proposals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having begun at Canal Street in 1929, implementation of the elevated roadway had progressed as far as Midtown by the time that <a href="/wiki/Robert_Moses" title="Robert Moses">Robert Moses</a> became NYC Parks Commissioner and took a direct interest in local projects by 1934. However, Moses created significant works extending from the north and south ends of the West Side Highway, including: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a> – The West Side Highway becomes the Henry Hudson Parkway just north of 72nd Street thanks to efforts by Moses called the "West Side Improvement." The parkway does not permit trucks. The parkway is partially an elevated highway over the rail tracks (now used by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Battery_Tunnel" title="Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel">Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel</a> – The highway hooks into the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel at its southern end. Moses had proposed to create the "Brooklyn–Battery Crossing Bridge" but federal intervention obliged Moses to use a tunnel instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_Underpass" title="Battery Park Underpass">Battery Park Underpass</a> connects to <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a>.</li></ul> <p>In the 1960s, Moses proposed straightening the West Side Highway, widening both the highway and the Henry Hudson Parkway, and constructing both the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Manhattan Expressway">Lower Manhattan Expressway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mid-Manhattan_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-Manhattan Expressway">Mid-Manhattan Expressways</a>, connecting routes that would have stretched across Manhattan. None of these projects were ever built. Later, in his 80s, he opposed the <a href="/wiki/Westway_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Westway (New York)">Westway</a> project, but by that time his power was gone and his ideas generally weren't taken seriously. Rather than constructing a below-grade interstate highway, Moses proposed merely straightening and rebuilding the West Side Highway south of 59th Street.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 59th and 72nd Streets, the site of the former <a href="/wiki/Penn_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Penn Central">Penn Central</a> 60th Street rail yard, he proposed bringing the highway to grade and moving it eastward to allow for a waterfront park and some housing at the southeast corner of the rail yard.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the nucleus of the idea that led to the plan for <a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg/267px-West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg/401px-West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg/534px-West_Side_Highway_collapsed_at_14th.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4658" data-file-height="3251" /></a><figcaption>The old elevated highway, collapsed at <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th Street</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1973_collapse">1973 collapse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1973 collapse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The highway was not designed well, resulting in many shortcomings. Its lanes were considered too narrow and it could not accommodate trucks. Sharp "S" exit ramps proved hazardous, as did the left-hand exit and entrance lanes that made merging dangerous.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10">: 10 </span></sup> </p><p>On December 15, 1973, the northbound lanes between Little West 12th Street and <a href="/wiki/Gansevoort_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gansevoort Street (Manhattan)">Gansevoort Street</a> collapsed under the weight of a <a href="/wiki/Dump_truck" title="Dump truck">dump truck</a>, which was carrying over 60,000 pounds (27,000 kg) of <a href="/wiki/Asphalt_concrete" title="Asphalt concrete">asphalt</a> for ongoing repairs of the highway.<sup id="cite_ref-truck_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-truck-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A four-door <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan (car)">sedan</a> followed the truck through the hole; neither driver was seriously injured. The next day, both directions were 'indefinitely' closed south of <a href="/wiki/18th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="18th Street (Manhattan)">18th Street</a>. This not only closed off the oldest section (between Canal Street and 18th Street), but also the newest sections (south of Canal Street), because ramps south of the collapse only permitted northbound entrances and southbound exits. The southernmost northbound exit was at 23rd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Westway">Westway</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Westway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg/267px-Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg/401px-Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg/534px-Protesters_demonstrating_against_the_Westway_project_in_New_York_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption>Protesters demonstrating against the Westway project in New York City</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1971, the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Development_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Development Corporation">Urban Development Corporation</a> (UDC) proposed rebuilding the highway as <a href="/wiki/Interstate_478" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 478">Interstate 478</a>. UDC's "Water Edge Study" called for the highway to be routed above the water at the ends of the then mostly abandoned piers on the Hudson River and the addition of hundreds of acres of concrete platforms between the bulkhead and the pierhead lines for parks and apartments.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final plan, championed by <a href="/wiki/New_York_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Governor">New York Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a> and Mayor <a href="/wiki/John_Lindsay" title="John Lindsay">John Lindsay</a>, called for burying the six-lane highway in 220 acres (89 ha) of new landfill south of 40th Street, placing the accompanying development on land instead of on platforms. It was renamed "Westway" in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Carey" title="Hugh Carey">Hugh Carey</a>, who was to become governor, and <a href="/wiki/Ed_Koch" title="Ed Koch">Ed Koch</a>, who was to become mayor, both campaigned against the plan, saying that it would be a waste of government funds and would be a windfall for private developers. After the two were elected, they both reversed their position and supported the plan. </p><p>In 1981, President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s Department of Transportation and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers">United States Army Corps of Engineers</a> were on board for the construction with a 1981 price tag of $2.1 billion. </p><p>But in 1982, Judge <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Griesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Griesa">Thomas Griesa</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court">U.S. District Court</a> blocked the Corps permit, saying the road would harm <a href="/wiki/Striped_bass" title="Striped bass">striped bass</a>. His order was affirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">U.S. Court of Appeals</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">Second Circuit</a>. In August 1985, Judge Griesa ruled that state and federal agencies had provided tainted testimony regarding the striped bass.<sup id="cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, Congress moved to deny necessary funding for the landfill.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 30, 1985, New York City officially gave up on the project,<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allocating 60 percent of its interstate highway funds to mass transit<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and setting aside $811 million for the "West Side Highway Replacement Project". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Riverside_South">Riverside South</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Riverside South"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South, Manhattan</a></div> <p>In the 1970s, debates raged about what to do with the elevated section from West 72nd Street and 59th Street. One version of Westway would have continued the buried highway up to the George Washington Bridge, eliminating the elevated section between 59th and 72nd streets, as well as the Henry Hudson Parkway. That option was rejected because of the cost and because it would violate the Blumenthal Amendment, which prohibited any highway construction that would alter Riverside Park.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a> (NYSDOT) rejected former parks commissioner <a href="/wiki/Robert_Moses" title="Robert Moses">Robert Moses</a>'s proposal to relocate the elevated section to grade also because of the Blumenthal Amendment as well as the presumed negative effect on development opportunities.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, who had an option on the property, seized on Moses's proposal as a way to enhance his development plans,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus negating one of NYSDOT's objections, but his proposed 12,000-unit residential development went nowhere. So NYSDOT planned for a renovation of the viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 335px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External image</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/@40.7740345,-73.9924736,3a,75y,29.91h,74.54t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1s-l0dTJ7qi6MWK5WS60MpAg!2e0!5s20110501T000000!7i13312!8i6656">Google Maps Street View of highway and northbound tunnel entrance</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A subsequent development project, <i>Lincoln West</i>, accepted the elevated highway, but, although Lincoln West won approval from the City,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it failed to obtain financing. Later, Trump acquired the property and proposed Television City, a design based on a massive 13-block-long podium to hide the elevated highway. Responding to criticism,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump switched architects, reduced the podium to eight blocks in length, and changed the name to Trump City. </p><p>Six civic organizations opposed to Trump City proposed a plan that would relocate and bury the highway in conjunction with a much smaller development and a southward extension of <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Park,_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside Park, Manhattan">Riverside Park</a>. Trump eventually agreed to this plan, known as <a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After city approval in 1992, work began on the new apartment complex. </p><p>As part of the Riverside South agreement, the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Development_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Development Corporation">Urban Development Corporation</a> proceeded with planning and environmental studies for a relocated highway.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But relocating and burying the elevated highway section became politically complicated when, at the same time, NYSDOT went ahead with its $70 million project to straighten, widen, and reinforce the viaduct. In 2005 Trump's majority partners sold the project to the <a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlyle Group">Carlyle Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/Extell_Development_Company" title="Extell Development Company">Extell Development Company</a>. In June 2006, the new developer began construction of a tunnel between 61st and 65th streets for the relocated highway.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="West_Side_Highway_Replacement_Project">West Side Highway Replacement Project</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: West Side Highway Replacement Project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024-06-17_10_55_12_View_south_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_(West_Side_Highway)_from_the_pedestrian_overpass_at_West_46th_Street_in_Manhattan,_New_York_City,_New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/2024-06-17_10_55_12_View_south_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_pedestrian_overpass_at_West_46th_Street_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/2024-06-17_10_55_12_View_south_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_pedestrian_overpass_at_West_46th_Street_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/2024-06-17_10_55_12_View_south_along_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_pedestrian_overpass_at_West_46th_Street_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The least leafy portion of the new boulevard is the part by the midtown piers between 34th and 59th Street. This shows the West Side Highway heading south from the <a href="/wiki/Intrepid_Museum" title="Intrepid Museum">Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the end of the Westway project, there were debates on what to do about the rest of the highway. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vollmer_Associates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vollmer Associates (page does not exist)">Vollmer Associates</a> was contracted for the highway replacement project in September 1986. There were four alternatives: three at-grade options with a varying number of lanes and quality of roadway, and one option with grade-separated ramps over busy intersections.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By November, a commission was set up to discuss the alternatives. Four days later, several sections of the highway were agreed on.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would be an elevated highway north of 49th Street; an at-grade roadway between 44th and 25th Streets, including a depressed northbound roadway from 32nd to 42nd Streets; a tunnel under a park between 20th and 25th Streets; an at-grade boulevard between 20th and Houston Streets; an at-grade road with a 3-lane elevated ramp between Houston and Harrison Streets; and a 9-lane boulevard with depressed ramps through Battery Park City. There would be 26 traffic lights. This proposal was assailed by mass-transit associations, environmental groups, and elected officials.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg/220px-NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg/330px-NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg/440px-NY_9A_NB_at_52nd_Street_Manhattan.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>NY 9A (West Side Highway) northbound at 52nd Street in Manhattan</figcaption></figure> <p>In January 1987, the commission unanimously agreed to build the highway as a six-lane <a href="/wiki/Urban_boulevard" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban boulevard">urban boulevard</a> with a parkway-style median and decorative lightposts. There would be a 60 acres (24 ha) $100 million park on the highway's western periphery, the latter of which was criticized by Governor <a href="/wiki/Mario_Cuomo" title="Mario Cuomo">Mario Cuomo</a> as being too expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterward, there were some delays caused by Cuomo's reluctance to prioritize the project.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the meantime, the old, abandoned highway was being used by <a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">squatters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first options to be rejected in 1989 was the construction of a boulevard on landfill, which was the reason for Westway's cancellation.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also proposals for "cove" developments alongside the future boulevard.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction began in early 1996 on the West Side Highway project. The first of the project's seven segments—between Clarkson and Horatio streets in the <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich Village</a> neighborhood—was completed in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction of the West Side Highway Replacement Project was completed between the Battery and 59th Street in August 2001. The period between the 1973 collapse and the 1985 demise of Westway was a chaotic time for drivers as the original elevated highway was dismantled (finally in 1989) and traffic was rerouted to temporary highways. The new highway permits trucks, which the old elevated did not. Together with the northern <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a>, it creates a leafy boulevard along the Hudson River from the northern tip to the southern tip of Manhattan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hudson_River_Park">Hudson River Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hudson River Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_Park" title="Hudson River Park">Hudson River Park</a></div> <p>Legislation in June 1998 followed an agreement by Mayor <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Giuliani" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolph Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> and Governor <a href="/wiki/George_Pataki" title="George Pataki">George Pataki</a> to create the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_Park" title="Hudson River Park">Hudson River Park</a> on the west side of the highway from West 59th to the Battery. The park consists of 550 acres (2.2 km<sup>2</sup>) and is the biggest park construction in the city since <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_path" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle path">bicycle path</a> running the length of the highway to <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_City" title="Battery Park City">Battery Park City</a> was one of the first additions. Piers are currently being refurbished and other work continues, with <a href="/wiki/Pier_84" class="mw-redirect" title="Pier 84">Pier 84</a> as the largest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joe_DiMaggio_Highway">Joe DiMaggio Highway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Joe DiMaggio Highway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even though the highway has had two other official names, the official names have never stuck. The first official name was the Miller Highway, in honor of the city council president who pushed for the highway. On March 30, 1999, at the urging of Mayor Giuliani, the highway was renamed for legendary <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> player <a href="/wiki/Joe_DiMaggio" title="Joe DiMaggio">Joe DiMaggio</a>, who had died three weeks earlier. Legislation to rename the highway had been introduced before DiMaggio died. Giuliani championed the name change because the highway would have been the approach to the proposed <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Stadium" title="West Side Stadium">West Side Stadium</a> at the highway and 32nd Street. DiMaggio lived on Manhattan's east side.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dimaggio-highway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dimaggio-highway.jpg/220px-Dimaggio-highway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dimaggio-highway.jpg/330px-Dimaggio-highway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dimaggio-highway.jpg/440px-Dimaggio-highway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1031" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>Joe DiMaggio Highway sign on the elevated portion of the highway</figcaption></figure> <p>Signs bearing the new, ceremonial name of the highway were erected on April 25, 1999. This was in the midst of a reconstruction, finished on March 29, 2002, after the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> in 2001 destroyed part of the road, which was still being rebuilt. Only minimal signage for the new name was erected as a result, while "West Side Highway" signs abound. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September_11,_2001,_and_aftermath"><span id="September_11.2C_2001.2C_and_aftermath"></span><span class="anchor" id="September_11"></span><span class="anchor" id="September_11,_2001"></span> September 11, 2001, and aftermath</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: September 11, 2001, and aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WTC-looking_north.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/WTC-looking_north.jpg/220px-WTC-looking_north.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/WTC-looking_north.jpg/330px-WTC-looking_north.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/WTC-looking_north.jpg/440px-WTC-looking_north.jpg 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a> towers as viewed from the highway in mid-2001</figcaption></figure> <p>Completion of the project was originally set for October 2001, but it was delayed for years due to damage caused by the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highway, which runs just west of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a>, played a major role in the September 11, 2001 attacks and its aftermath. The <a href="/wiki/Raising_the_Flag_at_Ground_Zero" title="Raising the Flag at Ground Zero">famous flag raising photograph</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Franklin" title="Thomas E. Franklin">Thomas E. Franklin</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Record_(North_Jersey)" title="The Record (North Jersey)">The Record</a></i> took place by the highway on the northwest corner of the site. In addition, three chunks of the tower that crashed into the highway were used in iconic pictures of the day. Emergency personnel went down the West Side Highway and were greeted by cheering crowds at <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Street (Manhattan)">Christopher Street</a> on their return. Virtually all the <a href="/wiki/Debris" title="Debris">debris</a> from the Center traveled up the West Side Highway to be shipped off by barge. For the last half of the month, out-of-town ambulances waited on the highway for a chance to help injured patients.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>There was debate over whether to rebuild the damaged section of the road as a surface street or a tunnel. As a master plan was developed for Ground Zero, plans initially called for the West Side Highway to be buried in a tunnel between the site and <a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_City" title="Battery Park City">Battery Park City</a> that was expected to cost $1 billion. <a href="/wiki/Goldman_Sachs" title="Goldman Sachs">Goldman Sachs</a>, which had planned to build its headquarters in Battery Park City, announced its intention to cancel those plans because of concerns about the traffic pattern and long-term construction disruptions. This prompted New York Governor <a href="/wiki/George_Pataki" title="George Pataki">George Pataki</a> to cancel the tunnel project in favor of a <a href="/wiki/Boulevard" title="Boulevard">boulevard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The boulevard was finished by 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024-05-20_14_58_18_View_north_along_the_southbound_lanes_of_New_York_State_Route_9A_(West_Side_Highway)_from_the_West_Thames_Street_Pedestrian_Bridge_in_Manhattan,_New_York_City,_New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/2024-05-20_14_58_18_View_north_along_the_southbound_lanes_of_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_West_Thames_Street_Pedestrian_Bridge_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/2024-05-20_14_58_18_View_north_along_the_southbound_lanes_of_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_West_Thames_Street_Pedestrian_Bridge_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/2024-05-20_14_58_18_View_north_along_the_southbound_lanes_of_New_York_State_Route_9A_%28West_Side_Highway%29_from_the_West_Thames_Street_Pedestrian_Bridge_in_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City%2C_New_York.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>West Side Highway, facing north from West Thames Street pedestrian bridge, 2024.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2004, the police forces of both the <a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">PANYNJ</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">NYPD</a> announced concerns that the proposed <a href="/wiki/One_World_Trade_Center" title="One World Trade Center">One World Trade Center</a> would be too close to the West Side Highway and thus vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Car_bomb" title="Car bomb">car bombs</a>. This prompted a total redesign of the tower and the relocation of its site away from the highway. </p><p>There used to be four <a href="/wiki/West_Street_pedestrian_bridges" title="West Street pedestrian bridges">West Street pedestrian bridges</a>, two of them erected after the September 11 attacks. A below-grade crossing of the West Side Highway connecting the <a href="/wiki/Brookfield_Place_(New_York_City)" title="Brookfield Place (New York City)">Brookfield Place</a> (formerly the World Financial Center) complex and the Concourse level of the World Trade Center opened in October 2013, allowing the pedestrian bridge adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Vesey_Street" title="Vesey Street">Vesey Street</a> to be removed. </p><p>On October 31, 2017, a man intentionally <a href="/wiki/2017_New_York_City_truck_attack" title="2017 New York City truck attack">drove a pickup truck</a> for a mile through the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_Park" title="Hudson River Park">Hudson River Park</a>'s bike path, parallel to the West Side Highway, between <a href="/wiki/Houston_Street" title="Houston Street">Houston Street</a> and Chambers Street, killing eight people and injuring at least 11.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, Manhattan borough president <a href="/wiki/Mark_Levine_(New_York_politician)" title="Mark Levine (New York politician)">Mark Levine</a> proposed converting one lane of the West Side Highway into a bike path due to heavy traffic on Hudson River Park's bike lane.<sup id="cite_ref-Gonella_2022_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gonella_2022-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guse_2022_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guse_2022-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_intersections">Major intersections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Major intersections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite mostly being a boulevard, with many at-grade intersections and traffic lights, some of the intersections are given <a href="/wiki/Exit_number" title="Exit number">exit numbers</a>. </p> <table class="plainrowheaders wikitable"> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Location</th><th scope="col">mi<sup id="cite_ref-2014tdr_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014tdr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><th scope="col">km</th><th scope="col">Exit</th><th scope="col">Destinations</th><th scope="col">Notes</th></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Battery_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery Park">Battery Park</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">0.00</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">0.00</td><td rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddffdd"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="background-color:#ddffdd">Battery Place<br /><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Begin_plate.svg/24px-Begin_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Begin_plate.svg/36px-Begin_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Begin_plate.svg/48px-Begin_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/24px-NY-9A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/36px-NY-9A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/48px-NY-9A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_9A" title="New York State Route 9A">NY 9A</a> begins</td><td rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="background-color:#ddffdd">Southern terminus; southern terminus of NY 9A</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_City" title="Battery Park City">Battery Park City</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">0.10</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">0.16</td><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdddd">1</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/24px-North_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/36px-North_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/48px-North_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/24px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/36px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg/48px-FDR_Drive_Shield_free.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_East_River_Drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive">FDR Drive</a> north</td><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd">Interchange; southbound exit and northbound entrance; southern terminus of FDR Drive</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">0.20–<br />0.40</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">0.32–<br />0.64</td><td rowspan="1" title="Electronic toll collection only" style="text-align:center;background-color:#dcdcfe">2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Electronic toll collection only" style="background-color:#dcdcfe"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/24px-To_plate_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/36px-To_plate_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/48px-To_plate_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/I-278.svg/30px-I-278.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/I-278.svg/45px-I-278.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/I-278.svg/60px-I-278.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_L._Carey_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh L. Carey Tunnel">Hugh L. Carey Tunnel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_478_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 478 (New York)">I-478</a> south) to <a href="/wiki/Interstate_278_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 278 (New York)">I-278</a> – <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn, New York">Brooklyn</a></td><td rowspan="1" title="Electronic toll collection only" style="background-color:#dcdcfe"></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Tribeca" title="Tribeca">Tribeca</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">1.45</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">2.33</td><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/24px-To_plate_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/36px-To_plate_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/To_plate_blue.svg/48px-To_plate_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/West_plate_blue.svg/24px-West_plate_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/West_plate_blue.svg/36px-West_plate_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/West_plate_blue.svg/48px-West_plate_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/I-78.svg/24px-I-78.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/I-78.svg/36px-I-78.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/I-78.svg/48px-I-78.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/Interstate_78_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 78 (New York)">I-78</a> west (<a href="/wiki/Holland_Tunnel" title="Holland Tunnel">Holland Tunnel</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Chinatown_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown (Manhattan)">Chinatown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Manhattan" title="Little Italy, Manhattan">Little Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></td><td rowspan="1"></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich Village</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">2.43</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">3.91</td><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">4</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">10th Avenue</a> – <a href="/wiki/Meatpacking_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Meatpacking District">Meat Market</a></td><td rowspan="1"></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan" title="Chelsea, Manhattan">Chelsea</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">3.32</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">5.34</td><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/24px-To_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/36px-To_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/48px-To_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/24px-West_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/36px-West_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/48px-West_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/30px-NY-495.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/45px-NY-495.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/60px-NY-495.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/30th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="30th Street (Manhattan)">West 30th Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_495" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Route 495">NY 495</a> west (<a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tunnel" title="Lincoln Tunnel">Lincoln Tunnel</a>) – <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></td><td rowspan="1">Lincoln Tunnel exit for cars</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Kitchen,_Manhattan" title="Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan">Hell's Kitchen</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">4.00</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">6.44</td><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">6</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/24px-To_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/36px-To_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/To_plate.svg/48px-To_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/24px-West_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/36px-West_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/West_plate.svg/48px-West_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/30px-NY-495.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/45px-NY-495.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/NY-495.svg/60px-NY-495.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/40th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="40th Street (Manhattan)">West 40th Street</a> / <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">West 42nd Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_495" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Route 495">NY 495</a> west (<a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tunnel" title="Lincoln Tunnel">Lincoln Tunnel</a>) – <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></td><td rowspan="1">Lincoln Tunnel exit for all vehicles</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" style="text-align:right">4.66</th><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">7.50</td><td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">7</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/56th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="56th Street (Manhattan)">West 56th Street</a> / <a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">West 57th Street</a></td><td rowspan="1">Exit number not signed southbound</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><th scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:right">4.90</th><td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">7.89</td><td colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">Southern end of freeway section</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdddd">8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd"><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">West 59th Street</a> – <a href="/wiki/New_York_Passenger_Ship_Terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Passenger Ship Terminal">Ship Terminal</a></td><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd">Northbound exit only; all trucks must exit</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Manhattan" title="Riverside South, Manhattan">Riverside South</a></td><th scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:right">5.42</th><td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#eaecf0">8.72</td><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdddd">9</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd">West 72nd Street</td><td rowspan="1" title="Incomplete access" style="background-color:#ffdddd">Northbound entrance only</td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left"><td rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddffdd">–</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="background-color:#ddffdd"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/24px-North_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/36px-North_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/48px-North_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/24px-NY-9A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/36px-NY-9A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NY-9A.svg/48px-NY-9A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/24px-North_plate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/36px-North_plate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_plate.svg/48px-North_plate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="301" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/24px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/36px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg/48px-Henry_Hudson_Pkwy_Shield_free.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Route_9A" title="New York State Route 9A">NY 9A</a> north / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Parkway" title="Henry Hudson Parkway">Henry Hudson Parkway</a> north – <a href="/wiki/Bronx,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx, New York">Bronx</a></td><td rowspan="1" title="Concurrency terminus" style="background-color:#ddffdd">Northern terminus; north end of NY 9A overlap</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="6" class="jct-bottom notheme"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129796324">.mw-parser-output .jct-bottom{text-align:center;background-color:#eaecf0}.mw-parser-output .jct-bottom-legend{margin-left:1.6em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .jct-bottom-legend ul{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .jct-bottom-legend-color{border:1px solid #000}</style>1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist jct-bottom-legend"><ul><li><span class="jct-bottom-legend-color" style="background-color: #ddffdd">    </span>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concurrency_(road)" title="Concurrency (road)">Concurrency</a> terminus</span></li><li><span class="jct-bottom-legend-color" style="background-color: #dcdcfe">    </span>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Electronic_toll_collection" title="Electronic toll collection">Electronic toll collection</a></span></li><li><span class="jct-bottom-legend-color" style="background-color: #ffdddd">    </span>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Interchange_(road)#Complete_and_incomplete_interchanges" title="Interchange (road)">Incomplete access</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Street_pedestrian_bridges" title="West Street pedestrian bridges">West Street pedestrian bridges</a>, a group of pedestrian bridges that cross the highway</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2014tdr-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2014tdr_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2014tdr_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/NYSDOT_Traffic_Data_Report_2014.pdf">"2014 Traffic Data Report for New York State"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a>. July 22, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605122340/https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/NYSDOT_Traffic_Data_Report_2014.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on June 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2014+Traffic+Data+Report+for+New+York+State&rft.pub=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2015-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.ny.gov%2Fdivisions%2Fengineering%2Ftechnical-services%2Fhds-respository%2FNYSDOT_Traffic_Data_Report_2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ny-co-routes-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ny-co-routes_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNew_York_State_Department_of_Transportation2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/newyorktvbk.pdf"><i>List of State Routes in New York County</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013206/https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/newyorktvbk.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on March 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=List+of+State+Routes+in+New+York+County&rft.date=2003&rft.au=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.ny.gov%2Fdivisions%2Fengineering%2Ftechnical-services%2Fhds-respository%2Fnewyorktvbk.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150509061113/http://gothamist.com/2015/03/29/the_1920s_plan_to_run_a_highway_ove.php">"The 1920s Plan to Run a Highway over Manhattan Rooftops: Gothamist"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2015/03/29/the_1920s_plan_to_run_a_highway_ove.php">the original</a> on 2015-05-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-11-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+1920s+Plan+to+Run+a+Highway+over+Manhattan+Rooftops%3A+Gothamist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2015%2F03%2F29%2Fthe_1920s_plan_to_run_a_highway_ove.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504085638/http://www.popsci.com/archive-viewer?id=EysDAAAAMBAJ&pg=43&query=%22new+york+city%22+proposed">"Popular Science Archive"</a>. <i>popsci.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popsci.com/archive-viewer?id=EysDAAAAMBAJ&pg=43&query=%22new+york+city%22+proposed">the original</a> on 2015-05-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=popsci.com&rft.atitle=Popular+Science+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popsci.com%2Farchive-viewer%3Fid%3DEysDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3D43%26query%3D%2522new%2Byork%2Bcity%2522%2Bproposed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Writers'_Project1939" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Writers%27_Project" title="Federal Writers' Project">Federal Writers' Project</a> (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newyorkcityguide00federich"><i>New York City Guide</i></a>. New York: Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60354-055-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60354-055-1"><bdi>978-1-60354-055-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+City+Guide&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1939&rft.isbn=978-1-60354-055-1&rft.au=Federal+Writers%27+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewyorkcityguide00federich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span> (Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as <i>WPA Guide to New York City</i>.), p. 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1924/01/13/archives/enright-asks-city-to-build-road-in-air-suggests-a-raised-highway.html">"Enright Asks City to Build Road in Air. Suggests a Raised Highway From Battery to the Drive to Relieve Traffic"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. January 13, 1924<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2014</span>. <q>Police Commissioner Enright advocates the removal of the Sixth and Ninth ... of the Second Avenue Railroad and the erection of an elevated highway 100 feet ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Enright+Asks+City+to+Build+Road+in+Air.+Suggests+a+Raised+Highway+From+Battery+to+the+Drive+to+Relieve+Traffic&rft.date=1924-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1924%2F01%2F13%2Farchives%2Fenright-asks-city-to-build-road-in-air-suggests-a-raised-highway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/02/02/archives/central-offers-city-24000000-highway-along-the-west-side-would.html">"Central Offers City $24,000,000 Highway Along the West Side: Would Build Elevated Freight Line Surmounted by Motor Road from 72d to Canal St"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 2, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Central+Offers+City+%2424%2C000%2C000+Highway+Along+the+West+Side%3A+Would+Build+Elevated+Freight+Line+Surmounted+by+Motor+Road+from+72d+to+Canal+St.&rft.date=1925-02-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F02%2F02%2Farchives%2Fcentral-offers-city-24000000-highway-along-the-west-side-would.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/03/08/archives/argue-on-removal-of-west-side-tracks-julius-miller-and-julian-a.html">"Argue on Removal of West Side Tracks: Julius Miller and Julian A. Gregory Debate at Republican Club"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 8, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Argue+on+Removal+of+West+Side+Tracks%3A+Julius+Miller+and+Julian+A.+Gregory+Debate+at+Republican+Club.&rft.date=1925-03-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F03%2F08%2Farchives%2Fargue-on-removal-of-west-side-tracks-julius-miller-and-julian-a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B06E2DB113BE233A2575AC1A9649C946495D6CF">"Fears Rail Project Imperils Port Plan: Gregory Assails Big Elevated Freight Track and Motor Highway Proposal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 19, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fears+Rail+Project+Imperils+Port+Plan%3A+Gregory+Assails+Big+Elevated+Freight+Track+and+Motor+Highway+Proposal&rft.date=1925-02-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9B06E2DB113BE233A2575AC1A9649C946495D6CF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/12/04/archives/censure-port-heads-in-death-av-delay-city-and-central-officials-say.html">"Censure Port Heads in 'Death Av.' Delay: City and Central Officials Say Authority Alone Holds Up Crossing Removal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 4, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Censure+Port+Heads+in+%27Death+Av.%27+Delay%3A+City+and+Central+Officials+Say+Authority+Alone+Holds+Up+Crossing+Removal&rft.date=1925-12-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F12%2F04%2Farchives%2Fcensure-port-heads-in-death-av-delay-city-and-central-officials-say.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/01/21/archives/miller-proposes-biggest-boulevard-to-ease-west-side-revised-plan.html">"Miller Proposes Biggest Boulevard to Ease West Side: Revised Plan Calls for an Elevated Roadway—All on City Property"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Miller+Proposes+Biggest+Boulevard+to+Ease+West+Side%3A+Revised+Plan+Calls+for+an+Elevated+Roadway%E2%80%94All+on+City+Property&rft.date=1926&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F01%2F21%2Farchives%2Fmiller-proposes-biggest-boulevard-to-ease-west-side-revised-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/04/25/archives/new-york-to-build-elevated-highway-road-for-fast-motor-traffic-will.html">"New York to Build Elevated Highway: Road for Fast Motor Traffic Will Run Along the Hudson Waterfront From Seventy-Second to Canal Street—Will Relieve Congestion on the West Side"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. April 25, 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+to+Build+Elevated+Highway%3A+Road+for+Fast+Motor+Traffic+Will+Run+Along+the+Hudson+Waterfront+From+Seventy-Second+to+Canal+Street%E2%80%94Will+Relieve+Congestion+on+the+West+Side&rft.date=1926-04-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F04%2F25%2Farchives%2Fnew-york-to-build-elevated-highway-road-for-fast-motor-traffic-will.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/06/15/archives/13500000-highway-on-west-side-voted-estimate-board-backs-millers.html">"$13,500,000 Highway on West Side Voted: Estimate Board Backs Miller's Plan for Express Traffic on Four-Mile Viaduct"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 15, 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%2413%2C500%2C000+Highway+on+West+Side+Voted%3A+Estimate+Board+Backs+Miller%27s+Plan+for+Express+Traffic+on+Four-Mile+Viaduct&rft.date=1926-06-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F06%2F15%2Farchives%2F13500000-highway-on-west-side-voted-estimate-board-backs-millers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/11/11/archives/new-river-highway-is-assailed-to-city-sinking-fund-votes-to-take.html">"New River Highway Is Assailed to City; Sinking Fund Votes to Take Over 12th Av. Land to Push Elevated Motor Speedway"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 11, 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+River+Highway+Is+Assailed+to+City%3B+Sinking+Fund+Votes+to+Take+Over+12th+Av.+Land+to+Push+Elevated+Motor+Speedway&rft.date=1926-11-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F11%2F11%2Farchives%2Fnew-river-highway-is-assailed-to-city-sinking-fund-votes-to-take.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/02/18/archives/city-adopts-plans-for-motor-highway-sets-march-24-for-the-hearing.html">"City Adopts Plans for Motor Highway: Sets March 24 for the Hearing on Elevated Roadway on the West Side"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 18, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Adopts+Plans+for+Motor+Highway%3A+Sets+March+24+for+the+Hearing+on+Elevated+Roadway+on+the+West+Side&rft.date=1927-02-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F02%2F18%2Farchives%2Fcity-adopts-plans-for-motor-highway-sets-march-24-for-the-hearing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/08/17/archives/elevated-highway-along-hudson-shore-is-ordered-by-city-estimate.html">"Elevated Highway Along Hudson Shore Is Ordered by City: Estimate Board Passes Half of Miller Plan for Viaduct From 59th to 72d Street"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. August 17, 1928. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Elevated+Highway+Along+Hudson+Shore+Is+Ordered+by+City%3A+Estimate+Board+Passes+Half+of+Miller+Plan+for+Viaduct+From+59th+to+72d+Street&rft.date=1928-08-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F08%2F17%2Farchives%2Felevated-highway-along-hudson-shore-is-ordered-by-city-estimate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/10/21/archives/elevated-speedway-on-east-side-in-view-how-the-west-side-express.html">"Elevated Speedway on East Side in View: How the West Side Express Highway Will Look"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. October 21, 1928. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Elevated+Speedway+on+East+Side+in+View%3A+How+the+West+Side+Express+Highway+Will+Look&rft.date=1928-10-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F10%2F21%2Farchives%2Felevated-speedway-on-east-side-in-view-how-the-west-side-express.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/10/31/archives/elevated-highway-to-oust-merchants-will-cut-across-washington-and.html">"Elevated Highway to Oust Merchants: Will Cut Across Washington and Gansevoort Markets and Evict 100 Dealers"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. October 31, 1928. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Elevated+Highway+to+Oust+Merchants%3A+Will+Cut+Across+Washington+and+Gansevoort+Markets+and+Evict+100+Dealers&rft.date=1928-10-31&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F10%2F31%2Farchives%2Felevated-highway-to-oust-merchants-will-cut-across-washington-and.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1929/01/11/archives/express-highway-wins-final-vote-plans-for-lower-end-expected-to-be.html">"Express Highway Wins Final Vote: Plans for Lower End Expected to Be in Contractors' Hands Within a Month"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1929. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Express+Highway+Wins+Final+Vote%3A+Plans+for+Lower+End+Expected+to+Be+in+Contractors%27+Hands+Within+a+Month&rft.date=1929&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1929%2F01%2F11%2Farchives%2Fexpress-highway-wins-final-vote-plans-for-lower-end-expected-to-be.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1929/01/16/archives/market-to-escape-razing-for-highway-west-washington-dealers-told.html">"Market to Escape Razing for Highway: West Washington Dealers Told Elevated Road Will Cut Off Only Tops of 7 Shops"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1929. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Market+to+Escape+Razing+for+Highway%3A+West+Washington+Dealers+Told+Elevated+Road+Will+Cut+Off+Only+Tops+of+7+Shops&rft.date=1929&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1929%2F01%2F16%2Farchives%2Fmarket-to-escape-razing-for-highway-west-washington-dealers-told.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/03/28/archives/proposes-speedway-on-west-side-roofs-engineer-would-put-highway.html">"Proposes Speedway on West Side Roofs: Engineer Would Put Highway Atop Series of 12-Story Buildings"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 28, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Proposes+Speedway+on+West+Side+Roofs%3A+Engineer+Would+Put+Highway+Atop+Series+of+12-Story+Buildings&rft.date=1927-03-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F03%2F28%2Farchives%2Fproposes-speedway-on-west-side-roofs-engineer-would-put-highway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/07/24/archives/seeks-8story-road-along-north-river-dr-bf-battin-outlines-plan-for.html">"Seeks 8-Story Road Along North River: Dr. B.F. Battin Outlines Plan for Highway from 72d St. to the Battery"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. July 24, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Seeks+8-Story+Road+Along+North+River%3A+Dr.+B.F.+Battin+Outlines+Plan+for+Highway+from+72d+St.+to+the+Battery&rft.date=1927-07-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F07%2F24%2Farchives%2Fseeks-8story-road-along-north-river-dr-bf-battin-outlines-plan-for.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/04/08/archives/west-side-highway-project-criticized-regional-plan-director-fears.html">"West Side Highway Project Criticized: Regional Plan Director Fears It Would Add Ugliness Along the Waterfront"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. April 8, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=West+Side+Highway+Project+Criticized%3A+Regional+Plan+Director+Fears+It+Would+Add+Ugliness+Along+the+Waterfront&rft.date=1927-04-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F04%2F08%2Farchives%2Fwest-side-highway-project-criticized-regional-plan-director-fears.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/06/06/archives/raised-highway-opposed-fine-arts-federation-urges-widening-of-west.html">"Raised Highway Opposed: Fine Arts Federation Urges Widening of West Side Street"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 6, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Raised+Highway+Opposed%3A+Fine+Arts+Federation+Urges+Widening+of+West+Side+Street&rft.date=1927-06-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F06%2F06%2Farchives%2Fraised-highway-opposed-fine-arts-federation-urges-widening-of-west.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/05/16/archives/city-club-objects-to-motor-highway-says-west-side-project-should.html">"City Club Objects to Motor Highway: Says West Side Project Should Wait on a Program for Removal of Tracks"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. May 16, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Club+Objects+to+Motor+Highway%3A+Says+West+Side+Project+Should+Wait+on+a+Program+for+Removal+of+Tracks&rft.date=1927-05-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F05%2F16%2Farchives%2Fcity-club-objects-to-motor-highway-says-west-side-project-should.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/11/14/archives/seek-plan-to-guide-business-traffic-west-side-women-aim-to-divert.html">"Seek Plan to Guide Business Traffic: West Side Women Aim to Divert Much at 72d Street When Speedway Is Built"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 14, 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Seek+Plan+to+Guide+Business+Traffic%3A+West+Side+Women+Aim+to+Divert+Much+at+72d+Street+When+Speedway+Is+Built&rft.date=1926-11-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F11%2F14%2Farchives%2Fseek-plan-to-guide-business-traffic-west-side-women-aim-to-divert.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nypl.org/research/collections/shared-collection-catalog/bib/b10691956">Robert Moses' proposal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201004004726/https://www.nypl.org/research/collections/shared-collection-catalog/bib/b10691956">Archived</a> 2020-10-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Q5Qe9xWhc0edLkjwX1tNVSe90BAVRckq">"Robert Moses' Highway and Housing Proposal, 1975"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240405000421/https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Q5Qe9xWhc0edLkjwX1tNVSe90BAVRckq/view?usp=drive_open">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Moses%27+Highway+and+Housing+Proposal%2C+1975&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdrive.google.com%2Fopen%3Fid%3D1Q5Qe9xWhc0edLkjwX1tNVSe90BAVRckq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G4A2AQAAMAAJ"><i>West Side Hwy Project, New York: Environmental Impact Statement</i></a>. West Side Hwy Project, New York: Environmental Impact Statement. <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a>; <a href="/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administration" title="Federal Highway Administration">Federal Highway Administration</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">United States Department of Transportation</a>. 1977<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=West+Side+Hwy+Project%2C+New+York%3A+Environmental+Impact+Statement&rft.series=West+Side+Hwy+Project%2C+New+York%3A+Environmental+Impact+Statement&rft.pub=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation%3B+Federal+Highway+Administration%2C+United+States+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG4A2AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-truck-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-truck_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/16/archives/truck-and-car-fall-as-west-side-highway-collapses.html">"Truck and Car Fall as West Side Highway Collapses"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. December 16, 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230310051741/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/16/archives/truck-and-car-fall-as-west-side-highway-collapses.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2018</span>. <q>A section of the West Side Highway collapsed yesterday under the weight of a dump truck and a passenger car, both of which fell to the street below. ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Truck+and+Car+Fall+as+West+Side+Highway+Collapses&rft.date=1973-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F12%2F16%2Farchives%2Ftruck-and-car-fall-as-west-side-highway-collapses.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlmutter1973" class="citation news cs1">Perlmutter, Emanuel (December 17, 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/17/archives/indefinite-closing-is-set-for-west-side-highway-northbound-road.html">"Indefinite Closing Is Set or West Side Highway"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912144717/http://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/17/archives/indefinite-closing-is-set-for-west-side-highway-northbound-road.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Indefinite+Closing+Is+Set+or+West+Side+Highway&rft.date=1973-12-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Perlmutter&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F12%2F17%2Farchives%2Findefinite-closing-is-set-for-west-side-highway-northbound-road.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlake1971" class="citation magazine cs1">Blake, Peter (July 5, 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-MQDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Water+Edge+Study+udc&pg=PA8">"The City Politic: Ratensky's Raiders"</a>. <i>New York Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230929015212/https://books.google.com/books?id=-MQDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Water+Edge+Study+udc&pg=PA8">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+City+Politic%3A+Ratensky%27s+Raiders&rft.date=1971-07-05&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-MQDAAAAMBAJ%26dq%3DWater%2BEdge%2BStudy%2Budc%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-HudsonRiverPark-20Yrs-2006_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2006" class="citation news cs1">Roberts, Sam (May 16, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/16/nyregion/16westway.html?pagewanted=all">"After 20 Years of Delays, a River Park Takes Shape"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221003163603/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/16/nyregion/16westway.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=After+20+Years+of+Delays%2C+a+River+Park+Takes+Shape&rft.date=2006-05-16&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F05%2F16%2Fnyregion%2F16westway.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Villager-Westway-Fishes-2004_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmateau2004" class="citation web cs1">Amateau, Albert (June 16, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thevillager.com/villager_59/whywestwaysleepswith.html">"Why Westway sleeps with the fishes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Villager_(Manhattan)" title="The Villager (Manhattan)">thevillager.com</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Villager_(Manhattan)" title="The Villager (Manhattan)">The Villager</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122348/http://thevillager.com/villager_59/whywestwaysleepswith.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thevillager.com&rft.atitle=Why+Westway+sleeps+with+the+fishes&rft.date=2004-06-16&rft.aulast=Amateau&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthevillager.com%2Fvillager_59%2Fwhywestwaysleepswith.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openjurist.org/732/f2d/253/sierra-club-v-united-states-army-corps-of-engineers-c">"Sierra Club v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers"</a>. 13 December 1983. p. 253. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061518/http://openjurist.org/732/f2d/253/sierra-club-v-united-states-army-corps-of-engineers-c">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sierra+Club+v.+U.S.+Army+Corps+of+Engineers&rft.pages=253&rft.date=1983-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopenjurist.org%2F732%2Ff2d%2F253%2Fsierra-club-v-united-states-army-corps-of-engineers-c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOresekes1985" class="citation news cs1">Oresekes, Michael (September 19, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/19/nyregion/moynihan-sees-no-way-to-win-a-westway-vote.html">"Moynihan Sees No Way to Win a Westway Vote"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419153614/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/19/nyregion/moynihan-sees-no-way-to-win-a-westway-vote.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Moynihan+Sees+No+Way+to+Win+a+Westway+Vote&rft.date=1985-09-19&rft.aulast=Oresekes&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F09%2F19%2Fnyregion%2Fmoynihan-sees-no-way-to-win-a-westway-vote.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">New York State DOT and FHWA, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=orM2AQAAMAAJ&q=editions:bLEc0xsgrssC">"West Side Highway Project: Section 6 of the Final Environmental Impact Statement,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240405000334/https://books.google.com/books?id=orM2AQAAMAAJ&q=editions:bLEc0xsgrssC">Archived</a> 2024-04-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, pp. 7, 8, 1975, 1977</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NYSDOT and FHWA, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=orM2AQAAMAAJ&q=editions:bLEc0xsgrssC">"West Side Highway Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS)," Section 6</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240405000334/https://books.google.com/books?id=orM2AQAAMAAJ&q=editions:bLEc0xsgrssC">Archived</a> 2024-04-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, June 4, 1977, pp. 7, 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorsley1976" class="citation news cs1">Horsley, Carter B. (May 9, 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1976/05/09/archives/park-extension-sought-by-trump-developer-would-redesign-west-side.html">"Park Extension Sought by Trump"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161010005329/http://www.nytimes.com/1976/05/09/archives/park-extension-sought-by-trump-developer-would-redesign-west-side.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Extension+Sought+by+Trump&rft.date=1976-05-09&rft.aulast=Horsley&rft.aufirst=Carter+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1976%2F05%2F09%2Farchives%2Fpark-extension-sought-by-trump-developer-would-redesign-west-side.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NYSDOT and FHWA, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I7w1AQAAMAAJ&dq=West+side+highway+project+environmental+impact+statement&pg=PA1">"West Side Highway Project Final Environmental Impact Statement,"</a> June 4, 1977, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurnick1982" class="citation news cs1">Purnick, Joyce (September 17, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/17/nyregion/estimate-board-gives-approval-to-lincoln-west.html">"Estimate Board Gives Approval to Lincoln West"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201107074037/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/17/nyregion/estimate-board-gives-approval-to-lincoln-west.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Estimate+Board+Gives+Approval+to+Lincoln+West&rft.date=1982-09-17&rft.aulast=Purnick&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F09%2F17%2Fnyregion%2Festimate-board-gives-approval-to-lincoln-west.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberger1986" class="citation news cs1">Goldberger, Paul (October 24, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/24/nyregion/television-city-project-tempered-but-still-big.html">"Television City Project: Tempered but Still Big"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702012659/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/24/nyregion/television-city-project-tempered-but-still-big.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Television+City+Project%3A+Tempered+but+Still+Big&rft.date=1986-10-24&rft.aulast=Goldberger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F10%2F24%2Fnyregion%2Ftelevision-city-project-tempered-but-still-big.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurdum1991" class="citation news cs1">Purdum, Todd S. (March 6, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/06/nyregion/trump-revises-project-plan-for-west-side.html">"Trump Revises Project Plan for West Side"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123115756/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/06/nyregion/trump-revises-project-plan-for-west-side.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Revises+Project+Plan+for+West+Side&rft.date=1991-03-06&rft.aulast=Purdum&rft.aufirst=Todd+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F03%2F06%2Fnyregion%2Ftrump-revises-project-plan-for-west-side.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom1995" class="citation news cs1">Bloom, Jennifer Kingson (February 26, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/26/nyregion/neighborhood-report-upper-west-side-miller-highway-counts-its-days.html">"Miller Highway Counts Its Days"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. CY6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201045544/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/26/nyregion/neighborhood-report-upper-west-side-miller-highway-counts-its-days.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Miller+Highway+Counts+Its+Days&rft.pages=CY6&rft.date=1995-02-26&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+Kingson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F02%2F26%2Fnyregion%2Fneighborhood-report-upper-west-side-miller-highway-counts-its-days.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron2006" class="citation news cs1">Barron, James (June 23, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/23/nyregion/23box.html">"The Surprise in This Box? A Highway, Some Assembly Required"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201121061626/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/23/nyregion/23box.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Surprise+in+This+Box%3F+A+Highway%2C+Some+Assembly+Required&rft.date=2006-06-23&rft.aulast=Barron&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F06%2F23%2Fnyregion%2F23box.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycroads.com/roads/west-side/">"West Side Highway (NY 9A)"</a>. <i>www.nycroads.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303233624/http://www.nycroads.com/roads/west-side/">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycroads.com&rft.atitle=West+Side+Highway+%28NY+9A%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycroads.com%2Froads%2Fwest-side%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoorstin1986" class="citation news cs1">Boorstin, Robert O. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Panel+Agrees+on+Parts+of+West+Side+Road+Plan&rft.pages=B9&rft.date=1986-11-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Boorstin&rft.aufirst=Robert+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F11%2F27%2Fnyregion%2Fpanel-agrees-on-parts-of-west-side-road-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoorstin1986" class="citation news cs1">Boorstin, Robert O. (1986-12-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/12/09/nyregion/panel-presents-roadway-plan-for-west-side.html">"Panel Presents Roadway Plan for West Side"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. B1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043433/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/12/09/nyregion/panel-presents-roadway-plan-for-west-side.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Panel+Presents+Roadway+Plan+for+West+Side&rft.pages=B1&rft.date=1986-12-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Boorstin&rft.aufirst=Robert+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F12%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fpanel-presents-roadway-plan-for-west-side.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoorstin1987" class="citation news cs1">Boorstin, Robert O. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/01/09/nyregion/panel-urges-west-side-road-cuomo-faults-esplanade-plan.html">"Panel Urges West Side Road; Cuomo Faults Esplanade Plan"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. B1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171106180843/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/01/09/nyregion/panel-urges-west-side-road-cuomo-faults-esplanade-plan.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Panel+Urges+West+Side+Road%3B+Cuomo+Faults+Esplanade+Plan&rft.pages=B1&rft.date=1987&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Boorstin&rft.aufirst=Robert+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F01%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fpanel-urges-west-side-road-cuomo-faults-esplanade-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1987" class="citation news cs1">Roberts, Sam (1987-07-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/16/nyregion/metro-matters-westway-ii-a-delay-costing-90000-a-day.html">"Metro Matters; Westway II: A Delay Costing $90,000 a Day"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201055239/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/16/nyregion/metro-matters-westway-ii-a-delay-costing-90000-a-day.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Metro+Matters%3B+Westway+II%3A+A+Delay+Costing+%2490%2C000+a+Day&rft.date=1987-07-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F07%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Fmetro-matters-westway-ii-a-delay-costing-90000-a-day.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman1989" class="citation news cs1">Kaufman, Michael T. (1989-05-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/25/nyregion/death-of-an-old-highway-a-home-for-the-homeless.html">"Death of an Old Highway, a Home for the Homeless"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043728/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/25/nyregion/death-of-an-old-highway-a-home-for-the-homeless.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Death+of+an+Old+Highway%2C+a+Home+for+the+Homeless&rft.date=1989-05-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Kaufman&rft.aufirst=Michael+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F05%2F25%2Fnyregion%2Fdeath-of-an-old-highway-a-home-for-the-homeless.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap1989" class="citation news cs1">Dunlap, David W. (1989-07-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/20/nyregion/west-side-planning-panel-rules-out-landfill-for-hudson-riverfront.html">"West Side Planning Panel Rules Out Landfill for Hudson Riverfront"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044822/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/20/nyregion/west-side-planning-panel-rules-out-landfill-for-hudson-riverfront.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=West+Side+Planning+Panel+Rules+Out+Landfill+for+Hudson+Riverfront&rft.date=1989-07-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F07%2F20%2Fnyregion%2Fwest-side-planning-panel-rules-out-landfill-for-hudson-riverfront.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap1989" class="citation news cs1">Dunlap, David W. (1989-11-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/01/nyregion/post-westway-plan-offered-by-panel-for-hudson-shore.html">"Post-Westway Plan Offered By Panel for Hudson Shore"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230830164731/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/01/nyregion/post-westway-plan-offered-by-panel-for-hudson-shore.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Post-Westway+Plan+Offered+By+Panel+for+Hudson+Shore&rft.date=1989-11-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F11%2F01%2Fnyregion%2Fpost-westway-plan-offered-by-panel-for-hudson-shore.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStamler1998" class="citation news cs1">Stamler, Bernard (June 21, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/21/nyregion/neighborhood-report-west-side-route-9a-long-overdue-but-ahead-of-schedule.html">"Route 9A: Long Overdue but Ahead of Schedule"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. CY5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150527083046/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/21/nyregion/neighborhood-report-west-side-route-9a-long-overdue-but-ahead-of-schedule.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Route+9A%3A+Long+Overdue+but+Ahead+of+Schedule&rft.pages=CY5&rft.date=1998-06-21&rft.aulast=Stamler&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F06%2F21%2Fnyregion%2Fneighborhood-report-west-side-route-9a-long-overdue-but-ahead-of-schedule.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFadden1999" class="citation web cs1">McFadden, Robert D. (1999-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/09/nyregion/joe-dimaggio-highway-the-question-is-where.html">"Joe DiMaggio Highway? The Question Is Where"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150901181459/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/09/nyregion/joe-dimaggio-highway-the-question-is-where.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-09-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Joe+DiMaggio+Highway%3F+The+Question+Is+Where&rft.date=1999-03-09&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F03%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fjoe-dimaggio-highway-the-question-is-where.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dot.ny.gov/news/press-releases/2006/2006102">"Governor, Mayor Open West Street Promenade South"</a> (Press release). New York State Department of Transportation. July 7, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141220215000/https://www.dot.ny.gov/news/press-releases/2006/2006102">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governor%2C+Mayor+Open+West+Street+Promenade+South&rft.pub=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2006-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.ny.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-releases%2F2006%2F2006102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/ny1/content/index.jsp?stid=1&aid=55264">Goldman Sachs Breaks Ground Across From Trade Center Site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002931/http://www.ny1.com/ny1/content/index.jsp?stid=1&aid=55264">Archived</a> 2007-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>, September 26, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dot.ny.gov/route9a">"9A West Street Promenade"</a>. New York State Department of Transportation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141220214855/https://www.dot.ny.gov/route9a">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=9A+West+Street+Promenade&rft.pub=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.ny.gov%2Froute9a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelselWinter2017" class="citation web cs1">Helsel, Phil; Winter, Tom (October 31, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/least-one-person-dead-incident-lower-manhattan-n816166">"Terrorism suspected after Truck Driver Kills Six in Lower Manhattan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171031210447/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/least-one-person-dead-incident-lower-manhattan-n816166">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Terrorism+suspected+after+Truck+Driver+Kills+Six+in+Lower+Manhattan&rft.date=2017-10-31&rft.aulast=Helsel&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft.au=Winter%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Fleast-one-person-dead-incident-lower-manhattan-n816166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gonella_2022-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gonella_2022_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonella2022" class="citation web cs1">Gonella, Catalina (August 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gothamist.com/news/safer-for-everybody-manhattan-bp-proposal-would-build-a-new-bike-lane-on-the-west-side-highway">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Safer for everybody': Manhattan BP proposal would build a new bike lane on the West Side Highway"</a>. <i>Gothamist</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220802234737/https://gothamist.com/news/safer-for-everybody-manhattan-bp-proposal-would-build-a-new-bike-lane-on-the-west-side-highway">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=%27Safer+for+everybody%27%3A+Manhattan+BP+proposal+would+build+a+new+bike+lane+on+the+West+Side+Highway&rft.date=2022-08-02&rft.aulast=Gonella&rft.aufirst=Catalina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2Fnews%2Fsafer-for-everybody-manhattan-bp-proposal-would-build-a-new-bike-lane-on-the-west-side-highway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guse_2022-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guse_2022_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuse2022" class="citation web cs1">Guse, Clayton (August 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ny-west-side-highway-bike-lane-borough-president-mark-levine-20220801-demvwqvacnadvc4qgwvesdqxqa-story.html">"Manhattan BP pitches bike lane to replace traffic lane on West Side Highway"</a>. <i>New York Daily News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220802142202/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ny-west-side-highway-bike-lane-borough-president-mark-levine-20220801-demvwqvacnadvc4qgwvesdqxqa-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Manhattan+BP+pitches+bike+lane+to+replace+traffic+lane+on+West+Side+Highway&rft.date=2022-08-01&rft.aulast=Guse&rft.aufirst=Clayton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fny-west-side-highway-bike-lane-borough-president-mark-levine-20220801-demvwqvacnadvc4qgwvesdqxqa-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/HighwayInventory-NewYorkCounty-2016.zip">"New York County Inventory Listing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(CSV)</span>. New York State Department of Transportation. August 7, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190701201050/https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/HighwayInventory-NewYorkCounty-2016.zip">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+County+Inventory+Listing&rft.pub=New+York+State+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2015-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.ny.gov%2Fdivisions%2Fengineering%2Ftechnical-services%2Fhds-respository%2FHighwayInventory-NewYorkCounty-2016.zip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Side+Highway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Manhattan_streets" title="Template talk:Manhattan streets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan_streets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan streets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Streets_of_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Streets_in_Manhattan" title="Category:Streets in Manhattan">Streets</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commissioners%27_Plan_of_1811" title="Commissioners' Plan of 1811">Commissioners' Plan of 1811</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eponymous_streets_in_New_York_City" title="List of eponymous streets in New York City">List of eponymous streets in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan" title="List of numbered streets in Manhattan">List of numbered streets in Manhattan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North–south</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major avenues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="First Avenue (Manhattan)">1st Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Second Avenue (Manhattan)">2nd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">3rd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">6th Av (Av of the Americas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Avenue" title="Lenox Avenue">Lenox Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">7th Av (Fashion Av)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">8th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Ninth Avenue (Manhattan)">9th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">10th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">11th Av</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">12th Av</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Street_(Manhattan)" title="South Street (Manhattan)">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Pearl Street (Manhattan)">Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Broad Street (Manhattan)">Broad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Street_(Manhattan)" title="William Street (Manhattan)">William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Nassau Street (Manhattan)">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_Alley" title="Theatre Alley">Theatre Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehall_Street" title="Whitehall Street">Whitehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Canyon of Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Manhattan)" title="State Street (Manhattan)">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="West Street">West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baxter Street (Manhattan)">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Market_Place" title="Centre Market Place">Centre Market Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Division Street (Manhattan)">Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street" title="Chrystie Street">Chrystie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coenties_Slip" title="Coenties Slip">Coenties Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Street" title="Eldridge Street">Eldridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Street" title="Essex Street">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forsyth_Street" title="Forsyth Street">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Street" title="Lafayette Street">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street" title="Doyers Street">Doyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivington_Street" title="Rivington Street">Rivington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludlow_Street" title="Ludlow Street">Ludlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchard_Street" title="Orchard Street">Orchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Row_(Manhattan)" title="Park Row (Manhattan)">Park Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Spring Street (Manhattan)">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cherry Street (Manhattan)">Cherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_West_Side,_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower West Side, Manhattan">Lower West Side</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Alley" title="Cortlandt Alley">Cortlandt Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Street_and_Trinity_Place" title="Church Street and Trinity Place">Trinity Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Street_and_Trinity_Place" title="Church Street and Trinity Place">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Street" title="Greenwich Street">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hudson Street (Manhattan)">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Street" title="Jones Street">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDougal_Street" title="MacDougal Street">MacDougal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchin_Place" title="Patchin Place">Patchin Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_Street" title="Sullivan Street">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Gay Street (Manhattan)">Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Thompson Street (Manhattan)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varick_Street" title="Varick Street">Varick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Washington Street (Manhattan)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Broadway" title="West Broadway">W Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Broadway" title="West Broadway">LaGuardia Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weehawken_Street" title="Weehawken Street">Weehawken</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West Side Hwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bank Street (Manhattan)">Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Thirteenth Avenue (Manhattan)">13th Av</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_D_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue D (Manhattan)">Ave D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_C_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue C (Manhattan)">Ave C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">Ave B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_A_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue A (Manhattan)">Ave A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_A_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue A (Manhattan)">Asser Levy Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko_Place" title="Taras Shevchenko Place">Shevchenko Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Irving Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">4th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Union Square E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Av S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Place_(Manhattan)" title="University Place (Manhattan)">University Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Place_(Manhattan)" title="University Place (Manhattan)">Union Square W</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beekman_Place" title="Beekman Place">Beekman Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">Sutton Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Viaduct" title="Park Avenue Viaduct">Park Av Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Av Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue" title="Vanderbilt Avenue">Vanderbilt Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockefeller Plaza">Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%C2%BD_Avenue" title="6½ Avenue">6½ Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Great White Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Alley" title="Shubert Alley">Shubert Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyer_Avenue" title="Dyer Avenue">Dyer Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Boulevard" title="Hudson Boulevard">Hudson Blvd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East</a> / <a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">East End Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">York Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Museum Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Drive (Manhattan)">East Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Center Drive (Manhattan)">Center Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Drive (Manhattan)">West Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Central Park W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Ninth Avenue (Manhattan)">Columbus Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">Amsterdam Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">West End Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Drive (Manhattan)">Riverside Dr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a> / <a href="/wiki/Washington_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Washington Heights, Manhattan">Wash. Hts.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Avenue" title="Pleasant Avenue">Pleasant Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Avenue" title="Lenox Avenue">Lenox Av (Malcolm X Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Powell Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Douglass Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Morningside Drive (Manhattan)">Morningside Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audubon_Avenue" title="Audubon Avenue">Audubon Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Avenue" title="St. Nicholas Avenue">St. Nicholas Av (Duarte Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Avenue" title="Claremont Avenue">Claremont Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington_Avenue" title="Fort Washington Avenue">Ft. Washington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrini_Boulevard" title="Cabrini Boulevard">Cabrini Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Place" title="Sylvan Place">Sylvan Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F._Tiemann#Legacy" title="Daniel F. Tiemann">Tiemann Pl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East–west</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bridge Street (Manhattan)">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Stone Street (Manhattan)">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marketfield_Street" title="Marketfield Street">Marketfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Beaver Street (Manhattan)">Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchange_Place_(Manhattan)" title="Exchange Place (Manhattan)">Exchange Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Albany Street (Manhattan)">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Liberty Street (Manhattan)">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cortlandt Street (Manhattan)">Cortlandt St/Wy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_Lane_(Manhattan)" title="Maiden Lane (Manhattan)">Maiden La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dey_Street" title="Dey Street">Dey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Fulton Street (Manhattan)">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesey_Street" title="Vesey Street">Vesey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Ann Street (Manhattan)">Ann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Downtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spruce_Street" title="Spruce Street">Spruce</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Street" title="Roosevelt Street">Roosevelt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Chambers Street (Manhattan)">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">E Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Henry Street (Manhattan)">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Madison Street (Manhattan)">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cherry Street (Manhattan)">Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worth_Street" title="Worth Street">Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Moore_Street" title="North Moore Street">N Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broome_Street" title="Broome Street">Broome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hester Street (Manhattan)">Hester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delancey_Street" title="Delancey Street">Delancey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton_Street" title="Stanton Street">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Street" title="Houston Street">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandam_Street" title="Vandam Street">Vandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleecker_Street" title="Bleecker Street">Bleecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bond Street (Manhattan)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Jones_Street" title="Great Jones Street">Great Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="4th Street (Manhattan)">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly_Place" title="Waverly Place">Waverly Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly_Place" title="Waverly Place">Washington Square N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Place" title="Astor Place">Astor Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Mews" title="Washington Mews">Washington Mews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Street" title="Stuyvesant Street">Stuyvesant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDougal_Street" title="MacDougal Street">Macdougal Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Street_and_St._Mark%27s_Place" title="8th Street and St. Mark's Place">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Street_and_St._Mark%27s_Place" title="8th Street and St. Mark's Place">St. Mark's Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Avenue" title="Greenwich Avenue">Greenwich Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Street" title="Christopher Street">Christopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Charles Street (Manhattan)">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott_Way" title="George Abbott Way">45th (George Abbott Way)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="50th Street (Manhattan)">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(Manhattan)" title="51st Street (Manhattan)">51st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="52nd Street (Manhattan)">52nd (Swing Alley / St of Jazz)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="53rd Street (Manhattan)">53rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="54th Street (Manhattan)">54th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th (Central Park S)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Manhattan" title="Upper Manhattan">Uptown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/66th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="66th Street (Manhattan)">66th / Peter Jennings Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/74th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="74th Street (Manhattan)">74th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="79th Street (Manhattan)">79th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="85th Street (Manhattan)">85th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="86th Street (Manhattan)">86th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="89th Street (Manhattan)">89th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="93rd Street (Manhattan)">93rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="95th Street (Manhattan)">95th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="96th Street (Manhattan)">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/110th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="110th Street (Manhattan)">110th (Cathedral Pkwy / Central Park N)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/116th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="116th Street (Manhattan)">116th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/125th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="125th Street (Manhattan)">125th (Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Row" title="Astor Row">130th (Astor Row)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/132nd_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="132nd Street (Manhattan)">132nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/133rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="133rd Street (Manhattan)">133rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Historic_District" title="St. Nicholas Historic District">139th (Strivers' Row)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/145th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="145th Street (Manhattan)">145th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/155th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="155th Street (Manhattan)">155th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogardus_Place" title="Bogardus Place">Bogardus Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyckman_Street" title="Dyckman Street">Dyckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Lafayette" title="Plaza Lafayette">Plaza Lafayette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intersections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Circles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington_Circle" title="Duke Ellington Circle">Duke Ellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass_Circle" title="Frederick Douglass Circle">Frederick Douglass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Square" title="Cooper Square">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Square" title="Duarte Square">Duarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffy_Square" title="Duffy Square">Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_Square" title="Foley Square">Foley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_Square_(Manhattan)" title="Hanover Square (Manhattan)">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_Square" title="Herald Square">Herald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Park" title="St. John's Park">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Square_Park" title="Jackson Square Park">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Square,_Manhattan" title="Lincoln Square, Manhattan">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_and_Madison_Square_Park" title="Madison Square and Madison Square Park">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulry_Square" title="Mulry Square">Mulry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosino_Square" title="Petrosino Square">Petrosino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Square" title="Sherman Square">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Square" title="Stuyvesant Square">Stuyvesant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompkins_Square_Park" title="Tompkins Square Park">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_Manhattan" title="Union Square, Manhattan">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdi_Square" title="Verdi Square">Verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_Park" title="Washington Square Park">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuccotti_Park" title="Zuccotti Park">Zuccotti Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate streets no longer in existence.</li> <li>All entries are streets, circles, or squares unless otherwise noted</li> <li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_address_algorithm" title="Manhattan address algorithm">Manhattan address algorithm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&oldid=1257289923#West_Street">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Side_Highway&oldid=1257289923#West_Street</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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