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Robin (character) - Wikipedia

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biography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fictional_character_biography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fictional character biography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fictional_character_biography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dick_Grayson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dick_Grayson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dick Grayson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dick_Grayson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jason_Todd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jason_Todd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Jason Todd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jason_Todd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tim_Drake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tim_Drake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Tim Drake</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tim_Drake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stephanie_Brown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stephanie_Brown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Stephanie Brown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stephanie_Brown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Damian_Wayne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Damian_Wayne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Damian Wayne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Damian_Wayne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clone_of_Bruce_Wayne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clone_of_Bruce_Wayne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Clone of Bruce Wayne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clone_of_Bruce_Wayne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Alternative versions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Alternative_versions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Alternative versions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Alternative_versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Batman_Beyond" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batman_Beyond"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Batman Beyond</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batman_Beyond-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Batman:_Digital_Justice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batman:_Digital_Justice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Batman: Digital Justice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batman:_Digital_Justice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Batman_&#039;89:_Drake_Winston" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batman_&#039;89:_Drake_Winston"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Batman '89: Drake Winston</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batman_&#039;89:_Drake_Winston-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth_Two)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dick_Grayson_(Earth_Two)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Dick Grayson (Earth Two)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth_Two)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Talon_(Earth-3)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Talon_(Earth-3)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Talon (Earth-3)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Talon_(Earth-3)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bruce_Wayne_Junior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bruce_Wayne_Junior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Bruce Wayne Junior</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bruce_Wayne_Junior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deathwing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deathwing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Deathwing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deathwing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Robin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Robin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Red Robin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Robin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earth-6:_Stan_Lee&#039;s_Robin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earth-6:_Stan_Lee&#039;s_Robin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Earth-6: Stan Lee's Robin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earth-6:_Stan_Lee&#039;s_Robin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DC_One_Million" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DC_One_Million"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>DC One Million</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DC_One_Million-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earth-31:_Robin_Redblade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earth-31:_Robin_Redblade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Earth-31: Robin Redblade</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earth-31:_Robin_Redblade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth-43)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dick_Grayson_(Earth-43)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>Dick Grayson (Earth-43)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth-43)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth-50)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dick_Grayson_(Earth-50)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>Dick Grayson (Earth-50)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dick_Grayson_(Earth-50)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Dark_Knight_Universe_Robins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Dark_Knight_Universe_Robins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14</span> <span>The Dark Knight Universe Robins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Dark_Knight_Universe_Robins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dick_Grayson_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dick_Grayson_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14.1</span> <span>Dick Grayson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dick_Grayson_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jason_Todd_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jason_Todd_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14.2</span> <span>Jason Todd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jason_Todd_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carrie_Kelley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carrie_Kelley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14.3</span> <span>Carrie Kelley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carrie_Kelley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trinity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trinity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.15</span> <span>Trinity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trinity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elseworlds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elseworlds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.16</span> <span>Elseworlds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elseworlds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tiny_Titans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tiny_Titans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.17</span> <span>Tiny Titans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tiny_Titans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Batman:_Year_100" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batman:_Year_100"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.18</span> <span>Batman: Year 100</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batman:_Year_100-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-Crisis_Hypertime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Crisis_Hypertime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.19</span> <span>Pre-Crisis Hypertime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Crisis_Hypertime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Captain_Carrot_and_His_Amazing_Zoo_Crew" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Captain_Carrot_and_His_Amazing_Zoo_Crew"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.20</span> <span>Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Captain_Carrot_and_His_Amazing_Zoo_Crew-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injustice_series" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injustice_series"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21</span> <span>Injustice series</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injustice_series-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Injustice:_Gods_Among_Us" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injustice:_Gods_Among_Us"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21.1</span> <span>Injustice: Gods Among Us</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injustice:_Gods_Among_Us-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injustice_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injustice_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21.2</span> <span>Injustice 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injustice_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injustice_vs._The_Masters_of_the_Universe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injustice_vs._The_Masters_of_the_Universe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21.3</span> <span>Injustice vs. The Masters of the Universe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injustice_vs._The_Masters_of_the_Universe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-52_Multiverse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#52_Multiverse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.22</span> <span><i>52</i> Multiverse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-52_Multiverse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Robin_monthlies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Robin_monthlies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span><i>Robin</i> monthlies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Robin_monthlies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In other media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collected_editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collected_editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Collected editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collected_editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Robin (character)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%86_(%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="روبن (شخصية مصورة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبن (شخصية مصورة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Робин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Робин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(DC_Comics)" title="Robin (DC Comics) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robin (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(komiks)" title="Robin (komiks) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Robin (komiks)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(tegneseriefigur)" title="Robin (tegneseriefigur) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Robin (tegneseriefigur)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(Batman)" title="Robin (Batman) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robin (Batman)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BD_(%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82)" title="Ρόμπιν (χαρακτήρας) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρόμπιν (χαρακτήρας)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(DC_Comics)" title="Robin (DC Comics) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robin (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_(%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9)" title="رابین (شخصیت کمیک) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابین (شخصیت کمیک)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(DC_Comics)" title="Robin (DC Comics) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robin (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B9%88_(DC_%EC%BD%94%EB%AF%B9%EC%8A%A4)" title="로빈 (DC 코믹스) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로빈 (DC 코믹스)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(karakter)" title="Robin (karakter) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robin (karakter)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin" title="Robin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Robin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin" title="Robin – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_(%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1)" title="רובין (קומיקס) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רובין (קומיקס)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD_(DC_Comics)" title="Робин (DC Comics) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Робин (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(persona_ficticia)" title="Robin (persona ficticia) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robin (persona ficticia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(DC_Comics)" title="Robin (DC Comics) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robin (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(Batman)" title="Robin (Batman) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robin (Batman)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%90%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3)" title="ロビン (バットマン) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロビン (バットマン)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(posta%C4%87)" title="Robin (postać) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robin (postać)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(DC_Comics)" title="Robin (DC Comics) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robin (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(personaj)" title="Robin (personaj) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Robin (personaj)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD_(DC_Comics)" title="Робин (DC Comics) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Робин (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(comics)" title="Robin (comics) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robin (comics)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Робин – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Робин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin" title="Robin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Robin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(sarjakuvahahmo)" title="Robin (sarjakuvahahmo) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robin (sarjakuvahahmo)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(seriefigur)" title="Robin (seriefigur) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robin (seriefigur)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(komiks)" title="Robin (komiks) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Robin (komiks)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88)" title="ராபின் (வரைகதை) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராபின் (வரைகதை)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99_(%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3)" title="โรบิน (ตัวละคร) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรบิน (ตัวละคร)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(karakter)" title="Robin (karakter) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robin (karakter)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD_(DC_Comics)" title="Робін (DC Comics) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Робін (DC Comics)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_(%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1)" title="رابن (کردار) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رابن (کردار)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(truy%E1%BB%87n_tranh)" title="Robin (truyện tranh) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Robin (truyện tranh)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%B3%93" title="羅賓 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅賓" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%B3%93_(%E6%BC%AB%E7%95%AB)" title="羅賓 (漫畫) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅賓 (漫畫)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q59996#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Robin_(character)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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/></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Fictional character in DC Comics</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Swedish cartoon slacker character, see <a href="/wiki/Robin_(TV_series)" title="Robin (TV series)">Robin (TV series)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Robin (comics)" redirects here. For the British children's magazine, see <a href="/wiki/Robin_(magazine)" title="Robin (magazine)">Robin (magazine)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"The Boy Wonder" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Boy_Wonder_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Boy Wonder (disambiguation)">Boy Wonder (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Robin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Robin (disambiguation)">Robin (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133511664">.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-header{background-color:#99c2ff}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-comics{width:24em}.mw-parser-output .ib-comics .infobox-label{width:40%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-comics-set-and-title ib-comics"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Robin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Robins_(DC_Comics_characters).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Robins_%28DC_Comics_characters%29.png/220px-Robins_%28DC_Comics_characters%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/20/Robins_%28DC_Comics_characters%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="380" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Various incarnations of the character Robin, art by Yasmine Putri (Clockwise from top left: Dick Grayson, Tim Drake, Jason Todd, Carrie Kelley, Damian Wayne, and Stephanie Brown)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_comics_publishing_companies" title="List of comics publishing companies">Publisher</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/First_appearance" title="First appearance">First appearance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i> #38 (April <a href="/wiki/1940_in_comics" title="1940 in comics">1940</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Finger" title="Bill Finger">Bill Finger</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Robinson" title="Jerry Robinson">Jerry Robinson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Characters</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Brown_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephanie Brown (comics)">Stephanie Brown</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a><br />Clone of Bruce Wayne</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span style="font-size: 125%"><i>Robin</i></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_v2_1_(November_1993).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png/100px-Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png/150px-Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png/200px-Robin_v2_1_%28November_1993%29.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="393" /></a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">Cover of <i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #1 (November 1993)<br />featuring the Tim Drake version of the character,<br />art by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Grummett" title="Tom Grummett">Tom Grummett</a> and Scott Hanna</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Series publication information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_comics_publishing_companies" title="List of comics publishing companies">Publisher</a></th><td class="infobox-data">DC Comics</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Schedule</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, vols. 2–3)</b>: Monthly<br /><b>(<i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b>: Bi-weekly</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b>: <a href="/wiki/Limited_series_(comics)" title="Limited series (comics)">Limited series</a><br /><b>(vols. 2–3)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Ongoing_series" title="Ongoing series">Ongoing series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_comics" title="Superhero comics">Superhero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication date</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1)</b><br />January 1991 – May 1991 <br /> <b>(<i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>)</b><br /> October 1991 – December 1991 <br /> <b>(<i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b><br />December 1992 – March 1993 <br /> <b>(vol. 4)</b><br /> November 1993 – April 2009 <br /> <b>(vol. 5)</b><br /> April 2021 – present</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of issues</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1)</b>: 5 <br /> <b>(<i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>)</b>: 4 <br /> <b>(<i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b>: 6<br /><b>(vol. 4)</b>: 185 (including issues #0 and 1,000,000), plus 7 <i>Annuals</i><br /><b>(vol. 5)</b>: 17</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Main character(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>)</b><br />Tim Drake<br /><b>(<i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b><br />Tim Drake, the <a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Bertinelli)" title="Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)">Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)</a><br /><b>(vol. 4)</b><br />Tim Drake, Stephanie Brown<br /><b>(vol. 5)</b><br />Damian Wayne</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Creative team</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Writer(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>, vol. 4)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Dixon" title="Chuck Dixon">Chuck Dixon</a><br /><b>(vol. 4)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Dixon" title="Chuck Dixon">Chuck Dixon</a><br />Jon Lewis <br /><a href="/wiki/Bill_Willingham" title="Bill Willingham">Bill Willingham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Adam_Beechen" title="Adam Beechen">Adam Beechen</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Nicieza" title="Fabian Nicieza">Fabian Nicieza</a><br /><b>(vol. 5)</b><br />Joshua Williamson</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Penciller(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Tom_Lyle" title="Tom Lyle">Tom Lyle</a><br /><b>(vol. 4)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Tom_Grummett" title="Tom Grummett">Tom Grummett</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Phil_Jimenez" title="Phil Jimenez">Phil Jimenez</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mike_Wieringo" title="Mike Wieringo">Mike Wieringo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Staz_Johnson" title="Staz Johnson">Staz Johnson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pete_Woods" title="Pete Woods">Pete Woods</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Damion_Scott_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Damion Scott (comics)">Damion Scott</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Scott_McDaniel" title="Scott McDaniel">Scott McDaniel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Williams_II" title="Freddie Williams II">Freddie Williams II</a><br /><b>(vol. 5)</b><br />Gleb Melnikov</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inker(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(comics)" title="Bob Smith (comics)">Bob Smith</a><br /><b>(vol. 4)</b><br />Scott Hanna<br /> Stan Woch <br /> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(comics)" title="Bob Smith (comics)">Bob Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Colorist(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>(vol. 1, <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i>)</b><br /> <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Roy" title="Adrienne Roy">Adrienne Roy</a><br /><b>(vol. 4)</b><br /> Adrienne Roy <br /> Guy Major</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robin</b> is the alias of several <a href="/wiki/Superhero" title="Superhero">superheroes</a> appearing in <a href="/wiki/American_comic_book" title="American comic book">American comic books</a> published by <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>. The character was created by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Finger" title="Bill Finger">Bill Finger</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Robinson" title="Jerry Robinson">Jerry Robinson</a> to serve as a junior counterpart and the <a href="/wiki/Sidekick" title="Sidekick">sidekick</a> to the superhero <a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a>. As a team, Batman and Robin have commonly been referred to as the <i>Caped Crusaders</i> and the <i>Dynamic Duo</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The character's first incarnation, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a>, debuted in <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i> #38 (April 1940). Conceived as a way to attract young readership, Robin garnered overwhelmingly positive critical reception, doubling the sales of the Batman titles.<sup id="cite_ref-Batman:_The_Complete_History_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batman:_The_Complete_History-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Robin's early adventures included <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Spangled_Comics" title="Star Spangled Comics">Star Spangled Comics</a></i> #65–130 (1947–1952), the character's first solo feature. He made regular appearances in Batman-related comic books and other DC Comics publications from 1940 through the early 1980s, until the character set aside the Robin identity and became the independent superhero <a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a>. </p><p>The character's second incarnation, <a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a>, first appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(comic_book)" title="Batman (comic book)">Batman</a></i> #357 (1983). He made regular appearances in Batman-related comic books until 1988, when he was murdered by the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a> in the storyline "<a href="/wiki/Batman:_A_Death_in_the_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman: A Death in the Family">A Death in the Family</a>". Jason later found himself alive after a reality-changing incident, eventually becoming the <a href="/wiki/Red_Hood_(comics)#Jason_Todd" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hood (comics)">Red Hood</a>. The premiere <i>Robin</i> limited series was published in 1991, featuring the character's third incarnation, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a>, training to earn the role of Batman's vigilante partner. After two successful sequels, the monthly <i>Robin</i> series began in 1993 and ended in early 2009, which also helped his transition from sidekick to a superhero in his own right. In 2004 storylines, established DC Comics character <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Brown_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephanie Brown (comics)">Stephanie Brown</a> became the fourth Robin for a short time before the role reverted to Tim Drake. <a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a> succeeds Drake as Robin in the 2009 story arc "<a href="/wiki/Batman:_Battle_for_the_Cowl" title="Batman: Battle for the Cowl">Battle for the Cowl</a>." </p><p>The current and former Robins always feature prominently in <a href="/wiki/List_of_Batman_supporting_characters#Bat-Family" title="List of Batman supporting characters">Batman's cast of supporting heroes</a>; Dick, Jason, Tim, and Damian all regard him as a father. In current continuity as of 2021, Dick Grayson serves as Nightwing, Jason Todd is the Red Hood, Stephanie Brown is <a href="/wiki/Batgirl" title="Batgirl">Batgirl</a>, and Tim Drake has picked up the mantle of Robin again after a stint as <a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Robin (comics)">Red Robin</a>. Damian has left behind the title Robin, but remains the title character of the <i>Robin</i> comic book. In recent years, Batman has also adopted new sidekicks in the form of <a href="/wiki/Bluebird_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluebird (DC Comics)">Bluebird</a>, whose name references Robin, and <a href="/wiki/Duke_Thomas_(character)" title="Duke Thomas (character)">The Signal</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Creation">Creation</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg/170px-N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg/255px-N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg/340px-N._C._Wyeth_Robin_Hood_Nottingham_1917_illustration_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Characters from an illustration by <a href="/wiki/N._C._Wyeth" title="N. C. Wyeth">N. C. Wyeth</a> for "Robin Hood" (1917) by Paul Creswick. The look inspired Jerry Robinson's design for Robin.<sup id="cite_ref-ComicsJournal271_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComicsJournal271-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83">&#58;&#8202;83&#8202;</span></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>About a year after <a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a>'s debut, Batman creators <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Finger" title="Bill Finger">Bill Finger</a> introduced Robin the Boy Wonder in <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i> #38 (1940). The name "Robin the Boy Wonder" and the medieval look of the original costume were inspired by <a href="/wiki/Robin_Hood" title="Robin Hood">Robin Hood</a>. Jerry Robinson noted he "came up with Robin because the adventures of Robin Hood were boyhood favorites of mine. I had been given a Robin Hood book illustrated by <a href="/wiki/N._C._Wyeth" title="N. C. Wyeth">N. C. Wyeth</a>&#160;... and that's what I quickly sketched out when I suggested the name Robin Hood, which they seemed to like, and then showed them the costume. And if you look at it, it's Wyeth's costume, from my memory, because I didn't have the book to look at."<sup id="cite_ref-ComicsJournal271_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComicsJournal271-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 83">&#58;&#8202;83&#8202;</span></sup> Although Robin is best known as Batman's sidekick, the Robins have also been members of the superhero groups the <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a> (with the original Robin, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a>, as a founding member and the latter group's leader) and <a href="/wiki/Young_Justice" title="Young Justice">Young Justice</a>. </p><p>In Batman stories, the character of Robin was intended to be Batman's <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Watson" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor Watson">Watson</a>: Bill Finger, writer for many early Batman adventures, said:<sup id="cite_ref-Steranko_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steranko-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <p>"Robin was an outgrowth of a conversation I had with <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob</a>. As I said, Batman was a combination of <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Douglas Fairbanks">Douglas Fairbanks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a>. Holmes had his <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Watson" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor Watson">Watson</a>. The thing that bothered me was that Batman didn't have anyone to talk to, and it got a little tiresome always having him thinking. I found that as I went along Batman needed a Watson to talk to. That's how Robin came to be. Bob called me over and said he was going to put a boy in the strip to identify with Batman. I thought it was a great idea." </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fictional_character_biography">Fictional character biography</h2></div> <p>The following fictional characters have assumed the Robin role at various times in the main <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> <a href="/wiki/DC_Universe" title="DC Universe">Universe</a> <a href="/wiki/Continuity_(fiction)" title="Continuity (fiction)">continuity</a>: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dick_Grayson">Dick Grayson</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_(Dick_Grayson).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/Robin_%28Dick_Grayson%29.png/170px-Robin_%28Dick_Grayson%29.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/Robin_%28Dick_Grayson%29.png/255px-Robin_%28Dick_Grayson%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/09/Robin_%28Dick_Grayson%29.png 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="323" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a> as Robin on the cover of <i>Detective Comics</i> #48 (February 1941), art by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the comics, Dick Grayson was an 8-year-old <a href="/wiki/Acrobatics" title="Acrobatics">acrobat</a> and the youngest of a family act called the "Flying Graysons". A gangster named <a href="/wiki/Tony_Zucco" title="Tony Zucco">Boss Zucco</a>, loosely based on actor <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Caesar_(film)" title="Little Caesar (film)">Little Caesar</a></i> character, had been extorting money from the circus and killed Grayson's parents, John and Mary, by sabotaging their <a href="/wiki/Trapeze" title="Trapeze">trapeze</a> equipment as a warning against defiance. Batman investigated the crime and, as his alter ego billionaire Bruce Wayne, had Dick put under his custody as a legal ward. Together they investigated Zucco and collected the evidence needed to bring him to justice. From his debut appearance in 1940 through 1969, Robin was known as the Boy Wonder. Batman creates a costume for Dick, consisting of a red tunic, yellow cape, green gloves, green boots, green spandex briefs, and a utility belt. As he grew older, graduated from high school, and enrolled in <a href="/wiki/Hudson_University_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hudson University (comics)">Hudson University</a>, Robin continued his career as the Teen Wonder, from 1970 into the early 1980s. </p><p>The character was rediscovered by a new generation of fans during the 1980s because of the success of <i><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">The New Teen Titans</a></i>, in which he left Batman's shadow entirely to assume the identity of <a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a>. He aids Batman throughout the later storyline regarding the several conflicts with Jason Todd until he makes his final return as the "Red Hood". Grayson temporarily took over as Batman (while Wayne was traveling through time), using the aid of Damian Wayne, making his newish appearance as "Robin", to defeat and imprison Todd.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Interview_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> With Bruce Wayne's return, Grayson went back to being Nightwing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jason_Todd">Jason Todd</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Robin_(character)" title="Special:EditPage/Robin (character)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Robin%22+character">"Robin"&#160;character</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Robin%22+character+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Robin%22+character&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Robin%22+character+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Robin%22+character">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Robin%22+character&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin%27s_(Jason_Todd)_death.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/02/Robin%27s_%28Jason_Todd%29_death.jpg/170px-Robin%27s_%28Jason_Todd%29_death.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/02/Robin%27s_%28Jason_Todd%29_death.jpg/255px-Robin%27s_%28Jason_Todd%29_death.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/02/Robin%27s_%28Jason_Todd%29_death.jpg 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="395" /></a><figcaption>Cover art of <i>Batman</i> #428 (December 1988) from the storyline <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_A_Death_in_the_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman: A Death in the Family">A Death in the Family</a></i>, art by Mike Mignola</figcaption></figure> <p>DC was initially hesitant to turn Grayson into <a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a> and to replace him with a new Robin.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> To minimize the change, they made the new Robin, Jason Todd, who first appeared in <i>Batman</i> #357 (1983), similar to a young Grayson. Like Dick Grayson, Jason Todd was the son of circus acrobats murdered by a criminal (this time the Batman adversary <a href="/wiki/Killer_Croc" title="Killer Croc">Killer Croc</a>), and then adopted by Bruce Wayne.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In this incarnation, he was originally red-haired and unfailingly cheerful, and wore his circus costume to fight crime until Dick Grayson presented him with a Robin suit of his own. At that point, he dyed his hair black.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the miniseries <i><a href="/wiki/Crisis_on_Infinite_Earths" title="Crisis on Infinite Earths">Crisis on Infinite Earths</a></i>, much of the <a href="/wiki/DC_Universe" title="DC Universe">DC Comics continuity</a> was redone. Dick Grayson's origin, years with Batman, and growth into Nightwing remained mostly unchanged; but Todd's character was completely revised. He was now a black-haired street orphan who first encountered Batman when he attempted to steal tires from the <a href="/wiki/Batmobile" title="Batmobile">Batmobile</a>. Batman saw to it that he was placed in a school for troubled youths. Weeks later, after Dick Grayson became Nightwing and Todd proved his crime-fighting worth by helping Batman catch a gang of robbers, Batman offered Todd the position as Robin. </p><p>Believing that readers never truly bonded with Todd, DC Comics made the controversial decision in 1988 to poll readers using a <a href="/wiki/1-900" class="mw-redirect" title="1-900">1-900</a> number as to whether or not Todd should be killed. The event received more attention in the mainstream media than any other comic book event before it. Readers voted "yes" by a small margin (5,343 to 5,271) and Todd was subsequently murdered by the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a> in the storyline, <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_A_Death_in_the_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman: A Death in the Family">A Death in the Family</a></i>, in which the psychopath beat the youngster severely with a crowbar, and left him to die in a warehouse rigged with a bomb. </p><p>Jason Todd later returned as the new <a href="/wiki/Red_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hood">Red Hood</a> (the original alias of the Joker) when he was brought back to life due to reality being altered.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the continuity changes following <a href="/wiki/The_New_52" title="The New 52">the New 52</a> DC Comics relaunch, Jason becomes a leader of the Outlaws, a superhero team that includes <a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Koriand%27r)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starfire (Koriand&#39;r)">Starfire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roy_Harper_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy Harper (comics)">Arsenal</a> who had spent years with Grayson in the Titans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tim_Drake">Tim Drake</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_(Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Robin_%28Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990%29.png/170px-Robin_%28Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990%29.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Robin_%28Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990%29.png/255px-Robin_%28Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/97/Robin_%28Tim_Drake_-_circa_1990%29.png 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(comic_book)" title="Batman (comic book)">Batman</a></i> #457 (December 1990), showcasing a redesigned Robin costume, art by <a href="/wiki/Norm_Breyfogle" title="Norm Breyfogle">Norm Breyfogle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>DC Comics was left uncertain about readers' decision to have Jason Todd killed, wondering if readers preferred Batman as a lone vigilante, disliked Todd specifically, or just wanted to see if DC would actually kill off the character. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/1989_in_film" title="1989 in film">1989</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(1989_film)" title="Batman (1989 film)">Batman</a></i> film did not feature Robin, giving DC a reason to keep him out of the comic book series for marketing purposes. Regardless, Batman editor <a href="/wiki/Dennis_O%27Neil" title="Dennis O&#39;Neil">Denny O'Neil</a> introduced a new Robin. The third Robin, Timothy Drake, first appeared in a flashback in <i>Batman</i> #436 (1989) as a preadolescent boy, introduced by writer <a href="/wiki/Marv_Wolfman" title="Marv Wolfman">Marv Wolfman</a>, interior penciler <a href="/wiki/Pat_Broderick" title="Pat Broderick">Pat Broderick</a>, and inker <a href="/wiki/John_Beatty_(illustrator)" title="John Beatty (illustrator)">John Beatty</a>. Drake's first name was a nod to <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a>, director of the 1989 <i>Batman</i> film. The character first donned the Robin costume, and became associated with the third version of Robin, in the acclaimed "A Lonely Place of Dying" sequel storyline, which culminated in issue #442, written by Marv Wolfman with cover art by <a href="/wiki/George_P%C3%A9rez" title="George Pérez">George Pérez</a>, storyline interior pencils by Pérez, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Grummett" title="Tom Grummett">Tom Grummett</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Jim_Aparo" title="Jim Aparo">Jim Aparo</a>, and inks by <a href="/wiki/Mike_DeCarlo" title="Mike DeCarlo">Mike DeCarlo</a>. In addition to establishing Tim Drake as a principal character in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(comic_book)" title="Batman (comic book)">Batman</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i>, Lauren R. O'Connor argues that "A Lonely Place of Dying" served as the denouement of a transition from <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a>'s "absent sexuality," which earlier incited reader <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_the_Batman_franchise" title="Homosexuality in the Batman franchise">interpretations of homosexuality</a>, to definitive heterosexual presence as a maturation narrative. O'Connor offers multiple examples from this 1989 storyline, such as Drake's encounter with <a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Teen_Titans)" title="Starfire (Teen Titans)">Starfire</a> and Grayson's heeding of Drake's concerns over Batman's psychology, to substantiate the notion of a heterosexual <i><a href="/wiki/Bildungsroman" title="Bildungsroman">bildungsroman</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">subplot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ensuing <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a> storylines, authored by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Grant_(writer)" title="Alan Grant (writer)">Alan Grant</a> and penciled by <a href="/wiki/Norm_Breyfogle" title="Norm Breyfogle">Norm Breyfogle</a>, coupled with the 1989 release of Burton's <i>Batman</i>, spurred sales of both comic book titles <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(comic_book)" title="Batman (comic book)">Batman</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i>. For the latter, Grant attested in 2007 that "when the <i>Batman</i> movie came out, the sales went up, if I recall correctly, from around 75,000 to about 675,000." 1989–90 was indeed the "Year of the Bat:" Capital and Diamond City Distributors reported that the <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Year_One" title="Batman: Year One">Year One</a></i>-inspired <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Legends_of_the_Dark_Knight" title="Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight">Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight</a></i> dominated four out of the five spots for preorders (<i>not</i> total sales and second printings). The only exception was the third preorder spot, snagged by <i>Batman</i> #442, the conclusion to Tim Drake's "A Lonely Place of Dying" storyline.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The "Year of the Bat" continued into the first half of 1990. Preorders for <i>Batman</i> and <i>Detective Comics</i> issues featuring a revived <a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penguin_(character)" title="Penguin (character)">Penguin</a> began to compete with, and even edged out, the last three parts of <a href="/wiki/Grant_Morrison" title="Grant Morrison">Grant Morrison</a>'s and <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Janson" title="Klaus Janson">Klaus Janson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Gothic" title="Batman: Gothic">Gothic</a></i> storyline in <i>Legends</i>. <a href="/wiki/Todd_McFarlane" title="Todd McFarlane">Todd McFarlane</a>'s <i>Spider-Man</i> arrived in the second half of 1990, inaugurating six months of Spidermania (or Mcfarlamania, depending on the reader).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> DC closed out 1990 with vendors under-ordering issues, prompting the publisher to push <i>Batman</i> #457 and the first part of the <i>Robin</i> mini-series into second and then third printings. The next year, 1991, witnessed the ascension of <a href="/wiki/Chris_Claremont" title="Chris Claremont">Chris Claremont</a>'s, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lee" title="Jim Lee">Jim Lee</a>'s, and <a href="/wiki/Scott_Williams_(comics)" title="Scott Williams (comics)">Scott Williams</a>'s <i>X-Men</i> against <a href="/wiki/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Magneto (Marvel Comics)">Magneto</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Nicieza" title="Fabian Nicieza">Fabian Nicieza</a>'s and <a href="/wiki/Rob_Liefeld" title="Rob Liefeld">Rob Liefeld</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/X-Force_(comic_book)" title="X-Force (comic book)">X-Force</a></i>, into the top of the preorder rankings. The only exception to this X-mania was, again, Tim Drake and the sequel to the <i>Robin</i> miniseries, the first variant issue of which garnered the third spot, firmly wedged between variant issues of <i>X-Force</i> and <i>X-Men</i>. The mini-series pitted solo Robin against the Joker, in response to fan demands for a matchup since "A Death in the Family." The 1990s comic booming bust had begun.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In a supplemental interview with Daniel Best, Alan Grant added that "every issue from about that time [after the 'Year of the Bat'] that featured Robin sales went up because Robin did have his own fans." Although both Grant and Breyfogle initially believed that their <i><a href="/wiki/Anarky" title="Anarky">Anarky</a></i> character could potentially become the third version of Robin, they were quick to support the editorial decision to focus on Drake. The <a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">social anarchist</a> duo adopted the character as their <a href="/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist economics">own</a> in the early 1990s, during Grant's shift to <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">libertarian socialism</a> but before his late 1990s emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Frank_R._Wallace" title="Frank R. Wallace">Neo Tech</a>. Breyfogle agreed that "it was a big thing to bring in the new Robin, yes. I know my fans often point specifically to that double page splash where his costume first appears as a big event for them as fans and I usually have to point out to them that <a href="/wiki/Neal_Adams" title="Neal Adams">Neal Adams</a> was the one who designed the costume. The 'R' symbol and the staff were all that was really mine." In the "Rite of Passage" storyline for <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i>, Grant and Breyfogle intertwined 1) Drake matching wits with <a href="/wiki/Anarky" title="Anarky">Anarky</a>; 2) a criminal and anthropological investigation into an apocryphal <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Haitian <i>vodou</i></a> cult (revealed by Batman, asserting anthropological and investigative authority, as a front for extortion and <a href="/wiki/Crony_capitalism" title="Crony capitalism">crony capitalism</a>); 3) the murder of Drake's mother by vilified cult leaders; 4) the beginning of Drake's <a href="/wiki/Nightmare_disorder" title="Nightmare disorder">recurrent nightmares</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychological_trauma" title="Psychological trauma">trauma</a>; as well as 5) the perspective of a child of one of the cult's Haitian followers, unknowingly and inadvertently orphaned by Batman at the end of the four-issue arc.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tim Drake eventually transitioned from late preadolescence to adolescence, becoming the third Robin over the course of the storylines "Rite of Passage"<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and "Identity Crisis",<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> with all issues scripted by Alan Grant and penciled by Norm Breyfogle. Story arcs that included Drake only in <a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">subplots</a> or featured his training in criminal investigation, such as "Crimesmith"<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and "The Penguin Affair,"<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> were either written or co-written by Grant and Wolfman, with pencils by Breyfogle, Aparo, and <a href="/wiki/M._D._Bright" title="M. D. Bright">M. D. Bright</a>. Immediately afterwards, the character starred in the five-issue miniseries <i>Robin,</i><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> written by <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Dixon" title="Chuck Dixon">Chuck Dixon</a>, with interior pencils by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Lyle" title="Tom Lyle">Tom Lyle</a> and cover art by <a href="/wiki/Brian_Bolland" title="Brian Bolland">Brian Bolland</a>. The new Batman and Robin team went on their first official mission together in the story "Debut",<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> again written by Grant and penciled by Breyfogle. Lauren R. O'Connor contends that, in early Tim Drake appearances, writers such as Grant and <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Dixon" title="Chuck Dixon">Chuck Dixon</a> "had a lexicon of teenage behavior from which to draw, unlike when Dick Grayson was introduced and the concept of the teenager was still nascent. They wisely mobilized the expected adolescent behaviors of parental conflict, hormonal urges, and identity formation to give Tim emotional depth and complexity, making him a relatable character with boundaries between his two selves." In the <i>Robin</i> ongoing series, when Drake had fully transitioned into an adolescent character, Chuck Dixon depicted him as engaging in adolescent intimacy, yet still stopped short at overt heterosexual consummation. This narrative benchmark maintained Robin's "estrangement from sex" that began in the Grayson years.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Erica McCrystal likewise observes that Alan Grant, prior to Dixon's series, connected Drake to Batman's philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">heroic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">anti-heroic</a> "<a href="/wiki/Vigilantism" title="Vigilantism">vigilantism</a>" as "therapeutic for children of trauma. But this kind of therapy has a delicate integration process." The overcoming of trauma entailed distinct identity intersections and emotional restraint, as well as a "complete understanding" of symbol and self. Bruce Wayne, a former child of trauma, guided "other trauma victims down a path of righteousness." Tim Drake, for example, endured trauma and "emotional duress" as a result of the death of his mother (father in a coma and on a ventilator). Drake contemplated the idea of fear, and overcoming it, in both the "Rite of Passage" and "Identity Crisis" storylines. Grant and Breyfogle subjected Drake to <a href="/wiki/Nightmare_disorder" title="Nightmare disorder">recurrent nightmares</a>, from hauntings by a ghoulish Batman to the disquieting lullaby (or informal nursery rhyme), "My Mummy's dead...My Mummy's Dead...I can't get it through my head," echoing across a cemetery for deceased parents. Drake ultimately defeated his own preadolescent fears "somewhat distant from Bruce Wayne" and "not as an orphan." By the end of "Identity Crisis", an adolescent Drake had "proven himself as capable of being a vigilante" by deducing the role of fear in instigating a series of violent crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the comics, Tim Drake was a late preadolescent boy who had followed the adventures of Batman and Robin ever since witnessing the murder of the Flying Graysons. This served to connect Drake to Grayson, establishing a link that DC hoped would help readers accept this new Robin. Drake surmised their secret identities with his amateur but instinctive detective skills and followed their careers closely. Tim stated on numerous occasions that he wishes to become "The World's Greatest Detective", a title currently belonging to the Dark Knight. Batman himself stated that one day Drake will surpass him as a detective. Despite his combat skills not being the match of Grayson's (although there are some similarities, in that they are far superior to Todd's when he was Robin), his detective skills more than make up for this. In addition, Batman supplied him with a new armored costume for his transition to the adolescent Robin.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tim Drake's first Robin costume had a red torso, yellow stitching and belt, black boots, and green short sleeves, gloves, pants, and <a href="/wiki/Domino_mask" title="Domino mask">domino mask</a>. He wore a cape that was black on the outside and yellow on the inside. This costume had an armored tunic and <a href="/wiki/Gorget" title="Gorget">gorget</a>, an emergency "R" <a href="/wiki/Shuriken" title="Shuriken">shuriken</a> on his chest in addition to the traditional <a href="/wiki/Batarang" title="Batarang">batarangs</a> and a collapsible bo staff as his primary weapon, which Tim Drake continues to use as the superhero <a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Robin (comics)">Red Robin</a>. <a href="/wiki/Neal_Adams" title="Neal Adams">Neal Adams</a> redesigned the entire costume with the exception of the "R" shuriken logo, first sketched by Norm Breyfogle.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tim Drake is the first Robin to have his own comic book series, where he fought crime on his own. Tim Drake, as Robin, co-founded the superhero team <a href="/wiki/Young_Justice" title="Young Justice">Young Justice</a> in the absence of the <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a> of Dick Grayson's generation, but would then later re-form the Teen Titans after Young Justice disbanded following a massive <i>sidekick crossover</i> during which <a href="/wiki/Donna_Troy" title="Donna Troy">Donna Troy</a> was killed. Tim served as leader of this version of the Titans until 2009, at which point he quit due to the events of <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_R.I.P" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman R.I.P">Batman R.I.P</a>.</i> </p><p>Following <i><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Crisis" title="Infinite Crisis">Infinite Crisis</a></i> and <i>52</i>, Tim Drake modified his costume to favor a mostly red and black color scheme in tribute to his best friend, <a href="/wiki/Superboy_(Kon-El)" title="Superboy (Kon-El)">Superboy (Kon-El)</a>, who died fighting Earth-Prime <a href="/wiki/Superman-Prime" class="mw-redirect" title="Superman-Prime">Superboy</a>. This Robin costume had a red torso, long sleeves, and pants. It also included black gloves and boots, yellow stitching and belt, and a black and yellow cape. Tim Drake continued the motif of a red and black costume when he assumed the role of Red Robin before and during the events of <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_52" title="The New 52">The New 52</a></i>. </p><p>Tim Drake assumes the identity of the Red Robin after Batman's disappearance following the events of <i><a href="/wiki/Final_Crisis" title="Final Crisis">Final Crisis</a></i> and "<a href="/wiki/Batman:_Battle_for_the_Cowl" title="Batman: Battle for the Cowl">Battle for the Cowl</a>" and Damian Wayne becoming Grayson's Robin. Following 2011's continuity changes resulting from <i>The New 52</i> DC Comics relaunch, history was altered such that Tim Drake never took up the Robin mantle after Jason Todd's death, feeling that it would be inappropriate. Instead, he served as Batman's sidekick under the name of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Robin (comics)">Red Robin</a>. However, in DC's <i><a href="/wiki/DC_Rebirth" title="DC Rebirth">Rebirth</a></i> relaunch, his original origin was restored. </p><p>In 2020s comics tying in with DC's <i><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Frontier" title="Infinite Frontier">Infinite Frontier</a></i> era, Drake returns to the Robin mantle as Batman's primary crime-fighting partner when Damian goes on a soul-searching journey. Meanwhile, in his solo adventures, he goes on his own soul-searching journey, and reconnects with his old friend Bernard Dowd, whom he begins to date. Tim later <a href="/wiki/Coming_out" title="Coming out">comes out</a> to Batman and is accepted. His solo series <i>Tim Drake: Robin</i> explores a young adult Tim living alone at the marina, developing a closer relationship with Bernard, and adopting his own crime-fighting partner in the form of Sparrow (Darcy Thomas), a former member of the <i><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Robin" title="We Are Robin">We Are Robin</a></i> movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stephanie_Brown">Stephanie Brown</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_(Stephanie_Brown).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Robin_%28Stephanie_Brown%29.jpg/170px-Robin_%28Stephanie_Brown%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Robin_%28Stephanie_Brown%29.jpg/255px-Robin_%28Stephanie_Brown%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/05/Robin_%28Stephanie_Brown%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>Stephanie Brown on the cover of <i>Robin 80th Anniversary 100-Page Super Spectacular</i> #1 (March 2020), art by Derrick Chew</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Brown_(character)" title="Stephanie Brown (character)">Stephanie Brown (character)</a></div> <p>Stephanie Brown, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a>'s girlfriend and the costumed adventurer previously known as the Spoiler, volunteered for the role of Robin upon Tim's resignation. Batman fired the Girl Wonder for not obeying his orders to the letter on two occasions. Stephanie then stole one of Batman's incomplete plans to control Gotham's crime and executed it. Trying to prove her worthiness, Brown inadvertently set off a gang war on the streets of Gotham. While trying to help end the war, Brown was captured and tortured by the lunatic crime boss <a href="/wiki/Black_Mask_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Mask (comics)">Black Mask</a>. She managed to escape, but apparently died shortly afterwards due to the severity of her injuries. Tim Drake keeps a memorial for her in his cave hideout underneath <a href="/wiki/Titans_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans Tower">Titans Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>. She appeared alive and stalking Tim, after his return from traveling around the globe with his mentor.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It turned out that <a href="/wiki/Dr._Leslie_Thompkins" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Leslie Thompkins">Dr. Leslie Thompkins</a> had faked Stephanie's death in an effort to protect her.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> For years she operated on and off as the Spoiler, but was then recruited as <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Barbara Gordon</a>'s replacement as Batgirl. She had her own series, as well as making appearances throughout various Batman and Batman spin-off series. Her time as the Spoiler, Robin, and Batgirl was retconned to have never occurred after the <i><a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics)" title="Flashpoint (comics)">Flashpoint</a></i> event, with her being reintroduced having just become the Spoiler in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Eternal" title="Batman Eternal">Batman Eternal</a></i>. However, her history as Robin was later restored.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Damian_Wayne">Damian Wayne</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_(Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Robin_%28Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016%29.png/170px-Robin_%28Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016%29.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Robin_%28Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016%29.png/255px-Robin_%28Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9f/Robin_%28Damian_Wayne_-_circa_2016%29.png 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>Damian Wayne on the cover of <i>Robin: Son of Batman</i> (vol. 1) #8 (January 2016), art by Patrick Gleason</figcaption></figure> <p>Damian Wayne was the child of <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(Batman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Wayne (Batman)">Bruce Wayne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talia_al_Ghul" title="Talia al Ghul">Talia al Ghul</a>, thus the grandson of the <a href="/wiki/Immortality" title="Immortality">immortal</a> <a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a>. Batman was unaware of his son's existence for years until Talia left Damian in his care. Damian was violent and lacking in discipline and morality, and was trained by the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Assassins" title="League of Assassins">League of Assassins</a>. Learning to kill at a young age, Damian's murderous behavior created a troubled relationship with his father, who vowed never to take a life. </p><p>Conceived to become a host for his maternal grandfather's soul as well as a pawn against the Dark Knight, Batman saved his child from this fate, which forced Ra's to inhabit his own son's body, and thus, Damian was affectionate to his father. After Batman's apparent death during <i><a href="/wiki/Final_Crisis" title="Final Crisis">Final Crisis</a></i>, Talia left her son under <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a>'s care and Damian was deeply affected by his father's absence. In the first issue of "Battle for the Cowl", Damian was driving the Batmobile and was attacked by <a href="/wiki/Poison_Ivy_(character)" title="Poison Ivy (character)">Poison Ivy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Killer_Croc" title="Killer Croc">Killer Croc</a>. Damian was rescued by <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Nightwing</a>, who then tries to escape, but was shot down by Black Mask's men. Nightwing tried to fight the thugs, but the thugs were shot by Jason Todd. After a fight between Nightwing and Todd, Todd eventually shot Damian in the chest. In the final issue of the series, Alfred made Damian into Robin. Damian's first task as Robin was to rescue Tim. After "Battle for the Cowl", Grayson adopted the mantle of Batman, and instead of having Tim (whom he viewed as an equal rather than a protégé) remain as Robin, he gave the role to Damian, who he felt needed the training that his father would have given him. </p><p>Following the <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_The_Return_of_Bruce_Wayne" title="Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne">Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics)" title="Flashpoint (comics)">Flashpoint</a></i> events, Bruce Wayne returned to his role as Batman, while Dick resumed as Nightwing. As of <i>The New 52</i>, Damian continued to work with his father, but temporarily gave up being Robin (as his mother had put a price on his head), and went under the identity of Red Bird. Damian met his end at the hands of the Heretic, an aged clone of Damian working for <a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(DC_Comics)" title="Leviathan (DC Comics)">Leviathan</a>, bravely giving up his life.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Despite his status as deceased, Damian starred in his own miniseries, <i>Damian: Son of Batman</i>, written and drawn by <a href="/wiki/Andy_Kubert" title="Andy Kubert">Andy Kubert</a>, set in a future where Damian is on the path to become Batman after his father fell victim to a trap set by the Joker. Batman eventually started a difficult quest to resurrect him, returning Damian to life with <a href="/wiki/Darkseid" title="Darkseid">Darkseid</a>'s Chaos Shard.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clone_of_Bruce_Wayne">Clone of Bruce Wayne</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Failsafe_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Failsafe (comics)">Failsafe</a> created a clone of Bruce Wayne to serve as his Robin of Zur-En-Arrh in retaliation for Damian Wayne rejecting him. To make sure the clone didn't turn against him, Failsafe made it start to rapidly age. Robin got away following Failsafe's defeat. With his memories awakeneing, Robin made his way to Crime Alley to attack any criminals that entered there. Batman and <a href="/wiki/Mister_Terrific_(Michael_Holt)" title="Mister Terrific (Michael Holt)">Mister Terrific</a> arrived to confront him. When Robin reached Batman's age, he severed his right hand so that it can be transplanted onto Batman.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> When Robin became elderly, he was taken to see the graves to Thomas Wayne, Martha Wayne, and Alfred Pennyworth until he died peacefully in Batman's presence. Batman buried his clone on the property of Pennyworth Manor.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_versions">Alternative versions</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batman_Beyond">Batman Beyond</h3></div> <p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_52:_Futures_End" title="The New 52: Futures End">Future's End</a></i> event and later in the <i><a href="/wiki/DC_Rebirth" title="DC Rebirth">DC Rebirth</a></i> run,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <b>Matt McGinnis</b>, brother of <a href="/wiki/Batman_(Terry_McGinnis)" title="Batman (Terry McGinnis)">Terry McGinnis</a>, becomes the newest incarnation of Robin in order to save his brother from the villain Payback.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Initially excited about the role, Matt was eventually asked to stop being Robin after his encounter with the Joker.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batman:_Digital_Justice">Batman: Digital Justice</h3></div> <p>In the digitally rendered tale <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Digital_Justice" title="Batman: Digital Justice">Batman: Digital Justice</a></i>, James Gordon the grandson of his namesake, <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_Gordon" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner Gordon">Commissioner Gordon</a>, takes on the mantle of the Batman. A character named <b>Robert Chang</b>, who is somewhat reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/Crisis_on_Infinite_Earths" title="Crisis on Infinite Earths">post-Crisis</a> Jason Todd, takes on the mantle of Robin.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batman_'89:_Drake_Winston"><span id="Batman_.2789:_Drake_Winston"></span>Batman '89: Drake Winston</h3></div> <p>In 2021, DC published <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%2789_(comic_book)" title="Batman &#39;89 (comic book)">Batman '89</a></i>, a limited series that served as a continuation of Tim Burton's Batman films <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(1989_film)" title="Batman (1989 film)">Batman</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Returns" title="Batman Returns">Batman Returns</a></i>, ignoring the subsequent films <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i> (1995) and <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (film)">Batman &amp; Robin</a></i> (1997), in which actor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Keaton" title="Michael Keaton">Michael Keaton</a> did not appear following Burton's departure from the franchise. This series featured a new version of Robin named <b>Drake Winston</b> (whose appearance is inspired by <a href="/wiki/Marlon_Wayans" title="Marlon Wayans">Marlon Wayans</a>, who was originally attached to play the role in the Burton films).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Winston is a mechanic who works at Royal Autobody, an auto shop in Burnside owned by <a href="/wiki/Two-Face" title="Two-Face">Harvey Dent's</a> childhood mentor, Jerome Otis. His ancestors had their own automotive company that was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(1989_film_series_character)" title="Bruce Wayne (1989 film series character)">Bruce Wayne's</a> great-grandfather in a forced buyout. He strongly dislikes cops and authority figures and dresses up as a masked vigilante at night to help the residents of his neighborhood. He is initially distrustful of both Bruce Wayne and Batman, but after witnessing his dedication towards helping people and figuring out they are the same person, the two become partners and work together to stop the corrupted Dent and arsonists terrorizing the city.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dick_Grayson_(Earth_Two)"><span id="Dick_Grayson_.28Earth_Two.29"></span>Dick Grayson (Earth Two)</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Robin_(Earth-Two)" title="Robin (Earth-Two)">Robin (Earth-Two)</a></div> <p><b>The Robin of Earth-Two</b> is a parallel version of the fictional <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> superhero, who was ntroduced after DC Comics created <a href="/wiki/Earth-Two" title="Earth-Two">Earth-Two</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Multiverse_(DC_Comics)" title="Multiverse (DC Comics)">parallel world</a> that was <a href="/wiki/Retcon" class="mw-redirect" title="Retcon">retroactively</a> established as the home of characters which had been published in the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_comic_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Age of comic books">Golden Age of comic books</a>. This allowed creators to publish comic books featuring Robin while being able to disregard Golden Age stories, solving an incongruity, as Robin had been published as a single ongoing incarnation since inception. </p><p>Robin's origin and history begins the same as the classic version except the timeframe occurs when the <i>Detective Comics</i> #38 was originally printed: 1940. </p> <ul><li>Richard Grayson's parents are killed by Anthony Zucco.</li> <li>After a period of training, a young Dick Grayson becomes Robin. His first printed story is "Robin, the Boy Wonder."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Robin participates in the war-time only All Star Squadron. His distant cousin is Charles Grayson, the scientific assistant of <a href="/wiki/Robotman_(Robert_Crane)" title="Robotman (Robert Crane)">Robotman</a>.</li></ul> <p>This version of Dick Grayson ceased to exist after the multi arc DC Universe spanning event <a href="/wiki/Crisis_on_Infinite_Earths" title="Crisis on Infinite Earths">Crisis on Infinite Earths</a>. He was killed by the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Monitor" title="Anti-Monitor">Anti-Monitor</a>'s Shadow Demons while trying to save civilians, along with Earth-1's Kole and the daughter of Earth-Two's Batman, the <a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Wayne)" title="Huntress (Helena Wayne)">Huntress (Helena Wayne)</a>. </p><p>When the Multiverse was recreated in the DC Universe event, <a href="/wiki/Infinite_Crisis" title="Infinite Crisis">Infinite Crisis</a>, a new Earth-Two was born, with a Dick Grayson that resembles the original Earth-Two Grayson. It was established that this new Earth-Two was not the same one as before the Crisis on the Infinite Earths, although Grayson's attitude and his status as a crime-fighter with the Justice Society certainly reflected what had gone before.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the events of <a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics)" title="Flashpoint (comics)">Flashpoint</a>, Helena Wayne, daughter of Earth-2's <a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Catwoman</a> served as Robin and became the only partner that Batman had ever had. In this continuity, Bruce Wayne had never adopted Dick Grayson as his ward, so he never became Robin on Earth-2. However, he does appear later, married to Earth-2's Barbara Gordon, who never became <a href="/wiki/Batgirl" title="Batgirl">Batgirl</a> on Earth-2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Talon_(Earth-3)"><span id="Talon_.28Earth-3.29"></span>Talon (Earth-3)</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the characters introduced in <a href="/wiki/The_New_52" title="The New 52">The New 52</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Owls" title="Court of Owls">Court of Owls</a>.</div> <p>The second Talon is a fictional character shown in <i><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a></i> #38 (2006), the former sidekick of <a href="/wiki/Owlman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Owlman (comics)">Owlman</a>, created by <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Johns" title="Geoff Johns">Geoff Johns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_S._Daniel" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony S. Daniel">Tony S. Daniel</a>. He is a former member of the <a href="/wiki/Crime_Syndicate_of_America" title="Crime Syndicate of America">Crime Society</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Teen_Titans_members" title="List of Teen Titans members">Teen Titans</a> during the one-year gap after <i><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Crisis" title="Infinite Crisis">Infinite Crisis</a></i>. According to an interview with <a href="/wiki/Tony_Daniel" title="Tony Daniel">Tony Daniel</a> at <a href="/wiki/Newsarama" title="Newsarama">Newsarama</a>, Talon is supposed to look like his mentor Owlman.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He briefly battled <a href="/wiki/Black_Adam" title="Black Adam">Black Adam</a> with his fellow Titans during <a href="/wiki/World_War_III_(DC_Comics)" title="World War III (DC Comics)">World War III</a>. It was revealed in <i>The Search for <a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ray_Palmer)" title="Atom (Ray Palmer)">Ray Palmer</a>: <a href="/wiki/Crime_Syndicate_of_America" title="Crime Syndicate of America">Crime Society</a></i> that there have been several Talons. The first one is shown dressed parallel to that of Grayson's classic Robin costume, including brown pixie boots. On post-Crisis Earth-3, the Teen Titans' Talon and <a href="/wiki/Duela_Dent" title="Duela Dent">Duela Dent</a>, the daughter of the Jokester, had been dating. When Duela revealed their relationship to her parents, her father denounced her and the two fled. It is unknown how the two managed to flee to New Earth, or what has happened to Talon beyond that. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bruce_Wayne_Junior">Bruce Wayne Junior</h3></div> <p>In "The Second Batman and Robin Team" (<i>Batman</i> #131, April 1960), Bruce Wayne's butler Alfred writes a story about the possible future of Batman and Robin. In it, Bruce Wayne marries Kathy Kane (<a href="/wiki/Batwoman_(Kathy_Kane)" title="Batwoman (Kathy Kane)">Batwoman</a>) and they have a son named <b>Bruce Jr.</b> When Wayne retires as Batman, Dick Grayson takes over the role of the Caped Crusader. Bruce Jr., having secretly trained on his own, volunteers to become the new Robin, despite objections from his mother. As Robin II, he fights alongside Batman II.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Several subsequent "<a href="/wiki/Elseworlds#Imaginary_Stories" title="Elseworlds">imaginary stories</a>" featuring Bruce Jr. followed; the last in this series was "Bat-Girl—Batwoman II" in <i>Batman</i> #163 (May 1964). Bruce Wayne Jr next appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/World%27s_Finest_Comics" title="World&#39;s Finest Comics">World's Finest Comics</a></i> #215 (January 1973) as one of the <a href="/wiki/Super-Sons" title="Super-Sons">Super-Sons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Grant_Morrison" title="Grant Morrison">Grant Morrison</a> used the Bruce Wayne Jr. character in <i><a href="/wiki/JLA_(comic_book)" title="JLA (comic book)">JLA</a></i> #9 (September 1997), in the story "Elseworlds."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the supervillain <a href="/wiki/Key_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Key (comics)">Key</a> traps the Justice Leaguers in dream worlds, Batman dreams of a future in which he is married to <a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Selina Kyle/Catwoman</a>. They have a son named Bruce Junior, who was raised from birth to be a superhero and serves as Robin II alongside a <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a> Batman. </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Byrne_(comics)" title="John Byrne (comics)">John Byrne</a> created his own Bruce Jr. in the epilogue of the <i>Batman/<a href="/wiki/Captain_America" title="Captain America">Captain America</a></i> crossover from 1996; this Robin is a red-head and resembles a male Carrie Kelley. Captain America wakes up in modern times after having been frozen in ice towards the end of World War II. He reunites with Batman, a friend who had helped him when <a href="/wiki/Joker_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (comics)">Joker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_Skull" title="Red Skull">Red Skull</a> joined forces. Cap is amazed to learn that in the time he slept, Bruce Wayne has retired from being Batman, has passed the mantle to Dick Grayson and that his son Bruce Junior is the new Robin. </p><p>Byrne revisited Bruce Jr. in his <i><a href="/wiki/Superman_%26_Batman:_Generations" title="Superman &amp; Batman: Generations">Superman &amp; Batman: Generations</a></i> series. There, Bruce Junior is son of Bruce Senior and his wife, who is never identified but is implied to be <a href="/wiki/Julie_Madison" title="Julie Madison">Julie Madison</a>. "BJ" greatly desires to be a hero and trains in the hopes of following in his father's footsteps. His mother refuses to let BJ become Robin until he turns eighteen. On Halloween night of 1964, when BJ is fifteen, he and <a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a>'s daughter Kara (<a href="/wiki/Supergirl" title="Supergirl">Supergirl</a>) sneak out to have an adventure and, with the help of <a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman" title="Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a>'s daughter <a href="/wiki/Wonder_Girl" title="Wonder Girl">Wonder Girl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flash_(Barry_Allen)" title="Flash (Barry Allen)">The Flash</a>'s nephew <a href="/wiki/Wally_West" title="Wally West">Kid Flash</a> join forces to defeat some of Flash's Rogue's Gallery. Afterward they decide to form their own team called the <a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">Justice League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> BJ and Kara become romantically involved as adults, but BJ puts the relationship on hold when <a href="/wiki/Joker_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (comics)">Joker</a> kills Dick, forcing him to become the third Batman. BJ and Kara eventually marry, but their wedding is halted by Kara's brother Joel Kent. Joel, who had been manipulated his whole life by <a href="/wiki/Lex_Luthor" title="Lex Luthor">Lex Luthor</a> to hate his family, kills Kara by punching through her chest. Joel dies shortly thereafter, and BJ agrees to raise his powerless son in order to prevent another such tragedy from happening (he also marries Joel's widow, Mei-Lai, sometime in the intervening years).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The child, named Clark Wayne, becomes BJ's Robin and is offered the mantle of Batman when he becomes an adult. Clark turns it down, having deduced that he isn't BJ's biological son, and believing that only a real Wayne should be Batman, instead adopts the identity of Knightwing. In the 1990s, BJ goes on a quest to locate his missing father, whom he eventually discovers as having taken over <a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a>'s criminal empire and turned it into a force for good. Bruce asks BJ to assume control of the organization so that he can become Batman once again. A story in <i>Generations II</i> has Bruce's dying wife imply that BJ isn't his biological son, but this is not explored until <i>Generations III</i>, where BJ uses a Lazarus Pit and becomes Robin once more, ultimately learning that he truly is Bruce's son and everything was a plan by his mother to make up for never allowing father and son to work together as heroes. In <i>Generations III</i>, BJ's life is greatly extended by the use of the Lazarus Pit so he can help the human resistance battle the forces of <a href="/wiki/Darkseid" title="Darkseid">Darkseid</a>, but when he is mortally wounded he decides to pass on, feeling that he's kept Kara waiting far too long; the sight of their spirits departing together is enough to make even Bruce Senior shed a tear.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>For more information on a similar concept, see <a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a>, Bruce Wayne's son by <a href="/wiki/Talia_al_Ghul" title="Talia al Ghul">Talia al Ghul</a>. In the wake of his father's apparent death, his father's first Robin, Dick Grayson, took over as Batman with Damian serving as the new Robin. The version of Damian depicted in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_The_Brave_and_the_Bold" title="Batman: The Brave and the Bold">Batman: The Brave and the Bold</a></i> has more in common with Bruce Jr. than with his portrayal in comics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deathwing">Deathwing</h3></div> <p>Introduced as an alternative Dick Grayson in the pages of <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Titans" title="Team Titans">Team Titans</a></i> from a timeline when his Titan teammate <a href="/wiki/Donna_Troy" title="Donna Troy">Donna Troy</a> had a son who was driven mad, took on the mantle of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chaos_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Chaos (DC Comics)">Lord Chaos</a> and conquered his world. This version of Dick stayed in his identity of Nightwing and helped train squadrons of superpowered teenagers that became known as the <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a>. He was involved with the much younger Titan <a href="/wiki/Mirage_(DC_Comics)#Miriam_Delgado" title="Mirage (DC Comics)">Mirage</a> during this time. This alternative-future Nightwing came back in time and briefly joins the Team Titans when their mission takes them to their past, our present. This version of Nightwing, attacked and corrupted by a dark version of <a href="/wiki/Raven_(DC_Comics)" title="Raven (DC Comics)">Raven</a> shortly after his arrival, changes his name to "<b>Deathwing</b>", and serves as her assistant. He becomes so twistedly evil that he at one point tracks down his one-time lover, Mirage, and rapes her. She becomes pregnant and has a child named Julienne.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Zero_Hour_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero Hour (comics)">Zero Hour</a> event that retroactively erased this timeline, Mirage, <a href="/wiki/Terra_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Terra (comics)">Terra</a> and Deathwing survive. It is later established that they are from the current timeline, and were shunted through time and given false memories by the <a href="/wiki/Time_Trapper" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Trapper">Time Trapper</a>, who wished to use them as sleeper agents against the time travel villain <a href="/wiki/Hank_Hall" title="Hank Hall">Extant</a>. </p><p>It wasn't revealed until one of the later runs of the <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a> that this was not Dick Grayson, in fact his true identity was never uncovered. After this storyline, this version of Nightwing has not been seen since. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Robin">Red Robin</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Robin (comics)">Red Robin (comics)</a></div> <p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Come_(comic_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom Come (comic book)">Kingdom Come</a></i> (a post-<i><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Crisis" title="Infinite Crisis">Infinite Crisis</a></i> Earth-22), a middle-aged Dick Grayson reclaims the Robin mantle and becomes <a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Robin (comics)">Red Robin</a>, not at the side of his former mentor Batman, but rather with Superman's League. His uniform is closer to Batman's in design, rather than any previous Robin uniform. Age has not slowed him down, as he possesses all of his stealth and fighting skills. In this story he has a daughter with <a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Koriand%27r)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starfire (Koriand&#39;r)">Starfire</a>; Mar'i Grayson (<a href="/wiki/Nightstar_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nightstar (character)">Nightstar</a>). Starfire has apparently died by the time of the story, according to the <a href="/wiki/Elliot_S!_Maggin" class="mw-redirect" title="Elliot S! Maggin">Elliot S! Maggin</a> <a href="/wiki/Novelization" title="Novelization">novelization</a>, and Nightstar calls Bruce Wayne "Grandpa", despite no blood relation. At the end of the comic and the novel, Bruce and Dick reconcile. </p><p>Red Robin reappeared in promotional material for the DC <i><a href="/wiki/Countdown_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Countdown (DC Comics)">Countdown</a></i> event. Eventually, it was revealed that this Red Robin was not Dick Grayson, but rather <a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a> who appeared under the cape and cowl.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Red Robin costume was stated to be more symbolism, than an actual costume choice, as Jason has been both the <i>Red</i> Hood and <i>Robin</i>, being shown as <i>Red Robin</i>. </p><p>However, in <i>Countdown to Final Crisis</i> #17, Jason dons a Red Robin suit from a display case in the "Bat Bunker" (Earth-51's equivalent to the Bat Cave) as he and Earth-51 Batman join the fight raging on the Earth above the bunker. Jason keeps his new suit and identity for the rest of his tenure as a "Challenger of the Unknown", only to discard it on his return to New Earth and revert to his "Red Hood" street clothing. </p><p>During the <i>Scattered Pieces</i> tie-in to <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_R.I.P." title="Batman R.I.P.">Batman R.I.P.</a></i>, a new <i>Red Robin</i> makes his appearance, at first only as a glimmering image following Robin (<a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a>) and suspected to have stolen a briefcase of money from the Penguin. Tim initially suspects Jason Todd of reprising his Red Robin persona. Jason claims innocence, supposing that someone may have stolen his suit when he discarded it earlier. The new Red Robin breaks up a scuffle between Tim and Jason, and later is revealed to be <a href="/wiki/General_(DC_Comics)" title="General (DC Comics)">Ulysses Armstrong</a>. Armstrong later changes costumes when he reveals himself to be the new Anarky, and after being severely burned in an explosion, an embattled Tim Drake dons the less-revealing Red Robin costume to hide his wounds. He later returns to his standard uniform. </p><p>In 2009, a new on-going series was introduced titled <i>Red Robin</i>. The new Red Robin was revealed to be Tim Drake. </p><p>In 2014-5's <a href="/wiki/Multiversity" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiversity">Multiversity</a> series, a Red Robin also appears as part of Superman's darker incarnation of the Justice League on Earth-22, still based on the alternate future continuity of <i>Kingdom Come.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earth-6:_Stan_Lee's_Robin"><span id="Earth-6:_Stan_Lee.27s_Robin"></span>Earth-6: Stan Lee's Robin</h3></div> <p>A version of Robin exists for <a href="/wiki/Stan_Lee" title="Stan Lee">Stan Lee</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Just_Imagine..." title="Just Imagine...">Just Imagine...</a></i> line of comics, in which <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> characters were re-imagined by <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a> luminary Stan Lee. Robin is an orphan who has been forced by Reverend Darkk, the series' main villain, into becoming a thief and a murderer. He meets Batman when Darkk assigns Robin to kill him. Batman survives the attack and in return shows Robin what kind of a man Darkk really is. Robin joins the good side for a time, but in the crisis issue it is revealed that Robin has in fact been working with Darkk the whole time; in the end he is transformed into a <b>"Hawk Man"</b>, before being reborn through Yggdrasil as the <b>"Atom"</b>. In the current <a href="/wiki/New_52" class="mw-redirect" title="New 52">New 52</a> <a href="/wiki/DC_Multiverse" class="mw-redirect" title="DC Multiverse">DC Multiverse</a>, these events took place on Earth-6. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DC_One_Million">DC One Million</h3></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/DC_One_Million" title="DC One Million">DC One Million</a> setting, the Batman of the 853rd Century is aided by the robot called <b>Robin the <i>Toy</i> Wonder</b>. This Batman's parents were guards on the prison planet of <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> and died in a prison riot that turned into a mass slaughter of the guards. Robin is programmed with the personality of this Batman as a boy and acts as a foil/source of perspective so that he will not become consumed by darkness in his quest for justice. This Robin believes this was the same reason Bruce Wayne brought Dick Grayson into his life.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earth-31:_Robin_Redblade">Earth-31: Robin Redblade</h3></div> <p>On this alternate Earth, accelerated climate change has resulted in rapid sea level rise, transforming Earth-31 into a devastated waterworld. On the craft Flying Fox, <b>Robin Redblade</b> is one of the crew, and the vessel is piloted by Captain Leatherwing (Batman of Earth-31). Earth-31 also seems to have its own <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a>, and Robin Redblade is a member. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dick_Grayson_(Earth-43)"><span id="Dick_Grayson_.28Earth-43.29"></span>Dick Grayson (Earth-43)</h3></div> <p>In this universe, the setting of <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Dracula:_Red_Rain" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman &amp; Dracula: Red Rain">Batman &amp; Dracula: Red Rain</a></i> and its sequels, the Flying Graysons are killed by the vampire Batman, as shown in <i>DC Infinite Halloween Special</i>. Dick grows up to become an obsessive vampire hunter, but is turned by Batman in <i>The Search for Ray Palmer: Red Rain</i>, and becomes his partner. Robin has remained a vampire and is now a member of the "Blood League", a vampire Justice League, alongside Earth-43's Vampire Batman. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dick_Grayson_(Earth-50)"><span id="Dick_Grayson_.28Earth-50.29"></span>Dick Grayson (Earth-50)</h3></div> <p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Wildstorm_Comics" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildstorm Comics">Wildstorm</a></i> Universe, Dick Grayson is a <a href="/wiki/Planetary_(comics)" title="Planetary (comics)">Planetary</a> agent in Gotham City, partnered with a man named Jasper who resembles the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (comics)">Joker</a>. He appears in <i>Planetary/Batman: Night on Earth</i>, prior to the Planetary team's shift into universes with a Batman. However, given the events of <a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics)" title="Flashpoint (comics)">Flashpoint</a>, this alternate Earth was merged with Earth-0 and Earth-13 and therefore this character no longer exists in main DC continuity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Dark_Knight_Universe_Robins">The Dark Knight Universe Robins</h3></div> <p>These stories are set in <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Miller (comics)">Frank Miller</a>'s Dark Knight Universe, which is not considered in continuity with the monthly titles. Miller has stated that the Dark Knight Universe consists of <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Year_One" title="Batman: Year One">Batman: Year One</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/All_Star_Batman_and_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="All Star Batman and Robin">All Star Batman and Robin</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Spawn/Batman" title="Spawn/Batman">Spawn/Batman</a> crossover, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Returns" title="The Dark Knight Returns">The Dark Knight Returns</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Strikes_Again" title="The Dark Knight Strikes Again">The Dark Knight Strikes Again</a></i> and the cancelled <i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Terror,_Batman!" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Terror, Batman!">Holy Terror, Batman!</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In this version, Batman looks upon his sidekicks as employees rather than proteges (although he refers to Robin as a protégé in <i>All Star Batman and Robin</i> #9), whom he threatens to "fire" from their "jobs", which he even does to Dick Grayson. </p> <div id="Richard_Grayson"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dick_Grayson_2">Dick Grayson</h4></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Miller (comics)">Frank Miller</a>'s Dark Knight Universe, Grayson's origin differs in various ways to the official <a href="/wiki/DC_Universe" title="DC Universe">DC Comics Universe</a>. As seen in the <i><a href="/wiki/All_Star_Batman_and_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="All Star Batman and Robin">All Star Batman and Robin</a></i> title, he is a twelve-year-old boy who performs in the circus with his two parents, as the Flying Graysons. <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Wayne">Bruce Wayne</a> had come to the show many times to watch him perform his stunts. One night, while Wayne watches the show with reporter <a href="/wiki/Vicki_Vale" title="Vicki Vale">Vicki Vale</a>, the Graysons perform an amazing feat. The audience begin to cheer and clap when suddenly a man arrives and shoots Grayson's parents in the head. </p><p>Batman takes out the gunman while some corrupt <a href="/wiki/Gotham_City_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotham City Police Department">Gotham City Police</a> officers take Dick Grayson into custody. They take him instead to a place outside <a href="/wiki/Gotham_City" title="Gotham City">Gotham City</a>, into a deserted stretch of forest where they torture and/or execute people, but Batman comes to the rescue. Batman takes Dick into the <a href="/wiki/Batmobile" title="Batmobile">Batmobile</a> and asks him to join him in his crusade against crime in Gotham City. Dick agrees to join the crusade. Upon arrival in the <a href="/wiki/Batcave" title="Batcave">Batcave</a>, Batman intends for Dick to survive in the cave without any help. However <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a> takes pity on Dick and gives him a meal and a decent place to sleep. Batman is displeased, as he wants Dick to go through the same things he did, whether Dick likes it or not. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dick_Grayson_as_the_Joker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Dick_Grayson_as_the_Joker.jpg/220px-Dick_Grayson_as_the_Joker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/54/Dick_Grayson_as_the_Joker.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="229" data-file-height="261" /></a><figcaption>In order to taunt Batman emotionally, Grayson takes on the appearance of a more grotesque and gruesome-looking "Joker" until their final confrontation in <i>The Dark Knight Strikes Again</i>. Art by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller" title="Frank Miller">Frank Miller</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Later, Batman brings in the killer of Dick's parents, a man called Jocko-boy Vanzetti. Batman tells him that even though Vanzetti killed his parents, someone else hired him to do so. Batman gives Grayson, who at the time had an axe, the choice of whether to kill Jocko-boy or not. Grayson cuts the tape over Vanzetti's mouth and asks him who hired him to kill his parents. The answer, much to Batman's disgust, is the Joker. Batman orders Grayson to make himself a costume. He does so using Robin Hood as an inspiration. He becomes an archer and wears a cape with a hood thus calling himself "Hood". Batman, upon seeing this, pulls his hood down, telling him that anyone could do simply that. Batman tells him to lose the hood and calls him Robin. With his new alter-ego confirmed, he accompanies Batman to confront Green Lantern, as Batman and Green Lantern talk in one of Batman's safe houses which Robin had painted yellow in order to keep Hal Jordan from using his power ring. After a lengthy discussion in which Jordan loses his composure and strikes Batman, Jordan accuses Batman of kidnapping Grayson and dressing him up as his sidekick. Batman tells Jordan that Robin is not Grayson, but in fact a boy he met six years ago on a trip to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. He eventually retracts the lie and merely assures Jordan that Grayson is not Robin. Robin then reveals he took Jordan's power ring and after a short fight, Robin accidentally hits Jordan in the throat, cutting his air supply. Batman then hits Grayson to make him 'stay down', unmasks and performs a <a href="/wiki/Tracheotomy" title="Tracheotomy">tracheotomy</a> to save Jordan's life. After this, Batman reflects on the event, saying that he did not do a very good job of teaching Robin and then takes Robin to his parents' grave to grieve, claiming that is where it started. Dick cries and punches the headstone, after which Batman consoles his grieving and mournful young ward. </p><p>Sometime later, Batman fires Grayson for proving unsatisfactory, which strengthens the rift between the two, and they eventually part ways. In <i>The Dark Knight Returns</i>, Grayson is absent but mentioned several times. First, Commissioner Gordon asks Bruce if he has spoken with him recently, and Bruce coldly says he has not. Later, when Batman's new Robin, <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Kelley" title="Carrie Kelley">Carrie Kelley</a>, rescues Batman and asks about his tank-like vehicle, Batman responds that "Dick called it the Batmobile", and later when Batman suffers a diabetic stroke, he desperately calls out Grayson's name. He is also shown talking to Grayson in his mind, such as when he calls the Mutant leader a "brand of evil we had never dreamed of." This seems to imply a sense of fatherly love otherwise not shown, or that Batman simply missed Grayson's company. </p><p>In <i>The Dark Knight Strikes Again</i>, Grayson re-appears as a genetically altered supervillain. Sometime after his dismissal, he apparently joined forces with senior villains such as Luthor, and underwent extensive gene manipulation to gain a healing factor and <a href="/wiki/Shapeshifting" title="Shapeshifting">shapeshifting</a> powers, but at the cost of his sanity. At the behest of the government, Grayson begins a maniacal crusade to hunt down and kill as many superheroes as possible, but in order to conceal his identity and partly due to a twisted revenge scheme on Batman, Grayson takes on the appearance of the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (comics)">Joker</a>, who killed himself in <i>The Dark Knight Returns</i>. </p><p>After maiming and killing a number of heroes, such as <a href="/wiki/Guardian_(DC_Comics)" title="Guardian (DC Comics)">Guardian</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Creeper_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Creeper (comics)">Creeper</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Martian_Manhunter" title="Martian Manhunter">Martian Manhunter</a>, he seeks out <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Kelley" title="Carrie Kelley">Carrie Kelley</a>, Batman's new partner, a.k.a. Catgirl, intending to kill her in order to exact his final revenge on Batman. Grayson confronts Carrie and Green Arrow in the sewers and engages them in battle. Carrie strikes him with thermite, acid and all sorts of chemicals that cause Grayson to explode, apparently killing him, but <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Girl" title="Saturn Girl">Saturn Girl</a> later has a vision of a second encounter between Carrie and Grayson and reveals to Carrie that Grayson (though his identity is not yet revealed at this point) is still alive. Grayson eventually ambushes Carrie in the Batcave and proceeds to beat her brutally, lacerating her lips and breaking her bones one by one. Batman arrives and recognises Grayson when he activates the Batcave's self-destruct and Grayson attempts to shut it down with his old abort code, prompting him to revert to his original form and costume. As Elongated Man takes Carrie to safety, Batman and Grayson contemptuously go over their bleak history together, with Grayson even admitting that despite his harsh treatment, he loved Batman like a father. The two eventually fight, but Grayson remains unharmed by everything Batman throws at him: when Batman beheads him with a Thanagarian axe, Grayson effortlessly catches his head and places it back on his neck. Eventually, Batman hurls himself and Grayson into a pit of lava beneath the Batcave; Grayson falls into the lava and is totally disintegrated, thereby leaving nothing left of Grayson for him to grow back, while Batman is rescued by Superman. As Grayson's remains disappear, Batman acknowledges his ward's demise with a sad "<i>So long, Boy Wonder</i>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jason_Todd_2">Jason Todd</h4></div> <p>In <i>Batman: The Dark Knight Returns,</i> <a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a> is referred to have died in the line of duty, although the exact details are not given. It is revealed in the prestige format one-shot <i>Dark Knight Returns: The Last Crusade,</i> co-written by Miller and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Azzarello" title="Brian Azzarello">Brian Azzarello</a>, release on June 15, 2016. It is revealed that after Jason defeats and captures the Joker; the villain becomes fixated on him. After the Joker escaped, Jason tracks his whereabouts on his own, and is brutally beaten to death by the Joker's men.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Carrie_Kelley">Carrie Kelley</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Kelley" title="Carrie Kelley">Carrie Kelley</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trinity">Trinity</h3></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_(comic_book)" title="Trinity (comic book)"><i>Trinity</i> series</a>, reality is altered, removing Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman from the timeline. In this alternative world, "Richie" Grayson is a member of the Zucco mob.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elseworlds">Elseworlds</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Elseworlds" title="Elseworlds">Elseworlds</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Elseworlds_publications" title="List of Elseworlds publications">List of Elseworlds publications</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred</a> is a familiar character in the Batman books as Bruce Wayne's elderly butler. However, in <i>Batman: Dark Allegiances</i>, set in the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> era, Batman, Catwoman, and Alfred were recruited to fight behind enemy lines in Nazi Germany in the winter of 1940. Alfred is given the codename Robin. </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Superman_%26_Batman:_Generations" title="Superman &amp; Batman: Generations">Superman &amp; Batman: Generations</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a> is Robin until he goes to college. The role is then taken up by Batman's son, Bruce Wayne Junior, against his mother's wishes. However, he gives up the role when Dick is murdered, in order to become Batman. Several years later, Clark Wayne, the biological son of Joel Kent and adopted son of Bruce Wayne Jr., takes on the role of Robin, before becoming Knightwing. </p><p>Set in the 1960s, <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Thrillkiller" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman: Thrillkiller">Batman: Thrillkiller</a></i> was written and drawn by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Chaykin" title="Howard Chaykin">Howard Chaykin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Brereton" title="Dan Brereton">Dan Brereton</a> and published in 1997–98. It has Bruce Wayne as a detective in the Gotham Police after his family was ruined by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. Wayne Manor has been taken over by the rebellious and somewhat unhinged Barbara Gordon, daughter of police Commissioner James Gordon. Her live-in boyfriend is <b>Richart Graustark</b>, who goes under the name of "Dick Grayson", presumably to cover his German origins (<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> being still fresh in people's minds at the time). Barbara and Graustark fight crime as Batgirl and Robin, though, in true 1960s anti-establishment style, their main targets are corrupt cops, in particular those led by the <a href="/wiki/Two-Face" title="Two-Face">Two-Face</a>-like Detective Duell and the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (comics)">Joker</a>-like but very feminine Bianca Steeplechase.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In this version, Grayson's family are still circus acrobats, but their deaths are caused as a result of his activities as Robin rather than the traditional other way round. He is overcome by grief and rage over their murder and his subsequent recklessness leads to his own death. He is replaced as Barbara's partner by Wayne, who takes the identity of Batman, but the memory of him drives Barbara, wracked with guilt over an <a href="/wiki/Affair" title="Affair">affair</a> with Wayne and her failure to prevent Grayson's death, to the point of insanity. Becoming increasingly more violent and unstable, she adopts the Robin persona as part of seeking revenge against Steeplechase, who she later drowns. Within the <a href="/wiki/New_52" class="mw-redirect" title="New 52">New 52</a> <a href="/wiki/DC_Multiverse" class="mw-redirect" title="DC Multiverse">DC Multiverse</a>, Earth-37's 1960s seem comparable to those of <i>Thrillkiller</i>, although while it has a Batgirl, Robin and female Joker, it now seems to lack a Batman. </p><p>The main character in <i>JLA: The Riddle of the Beast</i>, young Robin Drake brings together all the heroes of The World to battle the Beast (<a href="/wiki/Etrigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Etrigan">Etrigan</a>). </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> set <i>Batman: Reign of Terror</i>, Bruce Wayne's sister learns his secret identity, and designs a Robin outfit to aid him. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Dark_Knight_Dynasty" title="Batman: Dark Knight Dynasty">Batman: Dark Knight Dynasty</a></i> features three generations of Waynes, past, present and future. In the future section, Brenna Wayne is aided by an ape with augmented intelligence in a Robin costume, who goes by the name 'Rodney'. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> set <i>The Blue, The Gray and the Bat</i>, Captain Bruce Wayne is aided by a <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> named Redbird. Redbird's family were killed by white men, and, until he got his revenge, he wore war paint in a design similar to a domino mask. </p><p>In the futuristic <i>Robin 3000</i>, Earth is controlled by despotic aliens. Batman (Bruce Wayne XX) is killed trying to stop them, but his mission is continued by his nephew, Tom (Thomas) Wayne. This was created by <a href="/wiki/P._Craig_Russell" title="P. Craig Russell">P. Craig Russell</a> in 1986 as <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_Swift" title="Tom Swift">Tom Swift</a> 3000</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> but later rewritten in 1992 as a Robin story when the original plans fell through. </p><p>In the <i>Robin</i> 1996 Elseworlds annual, an unnamed young warrior in 16th century Japan is raised by the Bat-Samurai, and nicknamed <b>Tengu</b>, after the <a href="/wiki/Tengu" title="Tengu">bird-spirits</a>, by a female <a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Cat-Ninja</a>. Tengu loses his mentor in battle. Tengu was later revealed to be the rightful heir to the imperial throne, and the usurper (believing he knew this and plotted against him) attempted to kill him. He killed the usurper in self-defense but, since he had already sworn loyalty, was constrained to suicide as a result of this dishonor. </p><p>In the <i>Detective Comics</i> 1996 Elseworlds annual (<i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Leatherwing" title="Batman: Leatherwing">Batman: Leatherwing</a></i>), an orphan on the streets of 17th century <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaica" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston</a> who became cabin boy to Leatherwing the pirate. </p><p>In the <i>Robin</i> 1998 Legends of The Dead Earth annual, humanity is trying to reach other worlds in <a href="/wiki/Generation_ship" title="Generation ship">generation ships</a>. On one of these, a group called the Proctors have seized control and everyone else are slaves who are executed on their 30th birthdays to conserve the ship's resources. Tris Plover, a 29-year-old slave, rebels against the Proctors. She meets another rebel, called the Batman, who gives her the Robin identity. At the cost of their lives, they succeed in defeating the Proctors and Robin sets the ship on a course for the planet New Gotham. "Bird Dark" is the name of Batman's partner in the somewhat garbled fables told on another colony world, as featured in the "Legends of the Dead Earth" <i>Batman</i> Annual #20. (1996) While the name is based on Nightwing, the costume is in Robin's colors. </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/JLA:_The_Nail" class="mw-redirect" title="JLA: The Nail">JLA: The Nail</a>,</i> Dick (as Robin), along with Barbara (as Batgirl) is tortured then murdered by The Joker with his <a href="/wiki/Kryptonian" title="Kryptonian">Kryptonian</a> gauntlets during a raid on Arkham Asylum, driving Batman temporarily insane after he witnesses their ordeals and death. The grief-stricken hero then kills Joker for revenge. Later, in the sequel <i><a href="/wiki/JLA:_Another_Nail" class="mw-redirect" title="JLA: Another Nail">JLA: Another Nail</a>,</i> Dick returns as a spirit after the Joker returns from Hell. He helps Batman defeats the Clown Prince of Crime once and for all, and gives Batman the strength to move on.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tiny_Titans">Tiny Titans</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tiny_Titans" title="Tiny Titans">Tiny Titans</a> is a kiddie-based series follows the exploits of the Teen Titans (and other DCU character), as grade school kids attending school for Super-hero sidekicks. Dick Grayson's Robin is a primary character in the series, and often tries to act like the leader, although the rest of the Tiny Titans rarely listen to him. He temporarily began wearing a kiddie version of his first Nightwing costume, but later went back to being Robin. Later issues eventually introduced Jason Todd and Tim Drake into the series as toddlers who Barbara Gordon babysits. Both Jason and Dick wear the original Robin costumes, while Tim wears the 2006 "One Year Later" Robin costume. Talon also appears as a frequent enemy of Robin, but in the conclusion of issue 46 he gets his hair cut like Robin by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Batman's butler</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batman:_Year_100">Batman: Year 100</h3></div> <p>An alternative version of Robin appears in <a href="/wiki/Paul_Pope" title="Paul Pope">Paul Pope</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Year_100" title="Batman: Year 100">Batman: Year 100</a></i> limited series.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This Robin is a dark-skinned teenager who acts as Batman's partner as well as the mechanic for "the Batmobile", a high-tech motorcycle. Little is revealed about this Robin's backstory other than that he was apparently adopted by Batman at a young age, and that Robin is his real name rather than an alias. Unlike other iterations of the character, the Robin in "Year 100" does not wear a costume.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-Crisis_Hypertime">Pre-Crisis Hypertime</h3></div> <p>Hypertime is a fictional concept presented in the 1999 DC comic book series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kingdom_(comics)" title="The Kingdom (comics)">The Kingdom</a></i>, to explain any continuity discrepancies in DC Universe stories and a variations of the Multiverse that existed before Crisis on Infinite Earths. During the "Hypertension" story arc, Superboy Kon-El travels through multiple realities battling Black Zero an evil alternate version of himself that's been abducting other clone Superboys. One of the alternate Superboys has become Batman's latest Robin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Captain_Carrot_and_His_Amazing_Zoo_Crew">Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew</h3></div> <p>The 1980s series <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Carrot_and_His_Amazing_Zoo_Crew" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew">Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew</a></i> presented the <a href="/wiki/Multiverse_(DC_Comics)" title="Multiverse (DC Comics)">parallel Earth</a> of "Earth-C-Minus," a world populated by <a href="/wiki/Talking_animals_in_fiction" title="Talking animals in fiction">talking animal</a> superheroes that paralleled the mainstream DC Universe. Earth-C-Minus was the home of <b>Boyd, the Robin Wonder</b>, a <a href="/wiki/American_robin" title="American robin">robin</a> sidekick to <a href="/wiki/Just%27a_Lotta_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Just&#39;a Lotta Animals">the Batmouse</a>, and presumably an analog of the mainstream DC Universe's Dick Grayson (including wearing a variant of Dick Grayson's Robin costume).<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Injustice_series">Injustice series</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Injustice:_Gods_Among_Us">Injustice: Gods Among Us</h4></div> <p>In the prequel comic of the video game <i><a href="/wiki/Injustice:_Gods_Among_Us" title="Injustice: Gods Among Us">Injustice: Gods Among Us</a></i>, Damian remains under the guise of Robin until Year Five where he becomes Nightwing. Although he will still become one of Superman's allies in his Regime. It is revealed in Year One that <a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a>'s death at the hands of <a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a> was a mere accident because Damian was frustrated at Dick's lecturing him during a prison riot. In Year Two, Damian makes two minor appearances: once to alert Superman to Sinestro's arrival at the Justice League Watchtower, and again while Despero, having been assaulted by the Sinestro Corps, is crashing toward Earth. In Year Three, Damian attempts to defeat some villains and nearly gets killed but Dick Grayson, (now the new <a href="/wiki/Deadman_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deadman (DC Comics)">Deadman</a>), saves him and gives him his old Nightwing costume as a birthday present, unaware to Damian or any other Regime members. Despite having severed ties with his father, Damian still greatly regards Alfred. Unknown to Damian, Superman, thinking Damian's "Nightwing" birthday gift is a set up by Batman, secretly sends Zsasz to kill Alfred before Damian arrives back at the Batcave. With Alfred gone, Damian now joins Superman's Regime. Batman, becoming aware of Superman's plan afterward, is too late to convince his son of the truth behind Alfred's death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Injustice_2">Injustice 2</h4></div> <p>In the prequel comic of the video game sequel <i><a href="/wiki/Injustice_2" title="Injustice 2">Injustice 2</a></i>, Damian is first seen in a prison cell as an imprisoned and powerless Superman and Batman talk about what happened, with Batman, tiring of Superman's insistence that it was somehow Bruce's fault for not being there when Clark needed him most, he turns to walk away. As he does so, Superman throws up the past deceased Robins, Dick Grayson and <a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a> who unbeknownst to Batman is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone along with the surviving <a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Titans</a>. Then, suddenly, there is an attack on the prison by the Suicide Squad and an imposter Batman, all under the leadership of Damian's mother, Talia and the League of Assassins, to free Damian for his grandfather Ra's Al Ghul's current plans. Damian becomes very angry at his mother and Athanasia Al Ghul for having killed the powerless prison authorities like Turpin, instead of disarming them and not releasing Superman and Cyborg. At Ra's' secret lair, Damian is introduced to his sister, Athanasia Al Ghul. Later, in Ra's' Lair, He meets several other of Ra's' recruits, including, <a href="/wiki/Vixen_(comics)" title="Vixen (comics)">Vixen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poison_Ivy_(character)" title="Poison Ivy (character)">Poison Ivy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheetah_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheetah (DC Comics)">Cheetah</a> and the impostor Batman's remaining <a href="/wiki/Suicide_Squad" title="Suicide Squad">Suicide Squad</a> members. During this meeting, Ra's Al Ghul talks about the 5 years since Joker's corruption of Superman and the state of the world. Damian is later tasked along with <a href="/wiki/Deadshot" title="Deadshot">Deadshot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katana_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Katana (comics)">Katana</a> to capture the original <a href="/wiki/Blue_Beetle" title="Blue Beetle">Blue Beetle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kord" title="Ted Kord">Ted Kord</a>. On the next day, Damian brings Alfred's corpse from Wayne Manor while having Black Lightning's daughters, and the son of Green Arrow and Black Canary be kidnapped, and later to nurse his butler after resurrecting him in the Lazarus Pit. Later during the Insurgency's raid on Ra's hideout in South America, Damian predicts that the Insurgency will come with no surrender thanks to Batman. Damian fought his father temporarily until a fully recovered Alfred stops them from killing each other. As Blue Beetle destroys Ra's hideout, which indirectly kills most of the extinct animals and accidentally kills Diablo, Damian is separated from Alfred. Despite Alfred currently being under the Insurgency's care, Damian is still glad he is safe. </p><p>Few days later, Damian was sent to recruit Black Adam. However, the ruler of Kahndaq refuses to cooperate with Ra's. At the same time Damian met Kara Zor-El/Supergirl, who is later revealed to be a Kryptonian like Superman. He and Kara are later fighting terrorists while passing by flying together. As Damian is about kill a terrorist, Kara told him to stop from making a mistake on behalf of her feelings to protect the innocence without killing everyone. On the next day, Adam recommended Damian to stay with him and Kara, while needing his help for their rescue mission on freeing their ally, Diana. As Kara is sent to infiltrate Amazon, the nations' security is very tight, Damian is worried if the Amazons spill the truth about what the Regimes had done 5 years, the Regime will lose Kara, but Adam tells Damian to be patient, and is soon glad to find out that most of the Amazonian are still loyal to Diana, quickly succeeding the rescue without being captured. Upon hearing news about the massacre in the small town at Williams, Arizona caused by his grandfather and Solovar sending Amazo killing every human around including women and children, Damian departs to Gorilla City where the League of Assassins and their Suicide Squad are hiding to inform his closest allies (Vixen and Animal Man) about what the Gorillas and League of Assassins had done to the peaceful people of the said town, then spills the truth to entire two villainous groups to prevent Kahndaq sharing a similar fate, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Grodd" title="Gorilla Grodd">Gorilla Grodd</a>'s failed uprising attempt from taking over Gorilla City, leading him and his followers to be exiled from their home city. He, Animal Man and Vixen soon warn their Regime allies about Ra's and Solovar's plan to bring destructions on innocent humans, while Kara herself is not yet prepared to fight against Amazo and must stay in Kahndaq. </p><p>The third Robin, Tim Drake/Red Robin, one of the Titans who first rebelled Superman's regime is being released from the Phantom Zone's imprisonment along with Wonder Girl and Starfire, with the exception of Superboy who preferred to stay in the said dimension after Superman broke his heart back in the first game's previous comic issue. Unfortunately, Tim's reunion does not last long, with Zod trailing the Titans to be able to escape and shooting Tim's heart with his Heat Vision from behind, killing the Boy Wonder. Before Batman plans to avenge Tim's death, Ra's sends Amazo to kill Zod for good, and Harley sadly expresses about how Tim had been a better Robin as Dick used to be if they were alive. After fully he recovered from his heart surgery during Amazo's attack, Superboy, now the Insurgency's new Superman learned that he is now implanted with Zod's heart, the same villainous Kryptonian general who murdered Tim. </p><p>At some point after Damian was forced to return to League of Assassins by his mother and younger sister, Damian figured out that the impostor Batman is none other than the revived former second Robin, Jason Todd, now working for Ra's. During the Insurgency's raid on the Assassins' hideout in South America to save one of their kidnapped children and Harley, Jason fought Wildcat and almost killed him, until Green Arrow and Black Canary's son Conner knocks Jason back with a sonic scream inherited from his mother Canary. As the League of Assassins and their Suicide Squads relocated in Gorilla City to allied themselves with King Solovar, then recently kill the peaceful human civilians in Arizona by dispatching Amazo, Jason starting to doubt about Ra's ideal. </p><p>By time Ra's and Solovar begin their plans to wipe out every humans on Earth after Grodd and his followers had been exiled, Damian, Vixen, and Animal Man plan a second rebellion against Ra's for his madness. Jason soon figures out the three heroes' plan to betray Ra's. However, Damian tries to convince Jason of what they are doing for Ra's is actually wrong, and believes in him that killing innocent human civilians is not what he desired. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Injustice_vs._The_Masters_of_the_Universe">Injustice vs. The Masters of the Universe</h4></div> <p>As this series continues alternatively from the second game's bad ending, it revealed that Damian (now as a new Batman) and his fellow ex-Regime and Titans member Cyborg finally realize what they have been fighting for, just like how The Flash, Hal Jordan and the late-Shazam felt before them, and began to defect to and lead the Insurgency, while also being joined by the former Batman imposter Jason/Red Hood. Damian admit on never forget his accidental sin he committed on his late-Nightwing predecessor Dick. </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Skeletor" title="Skeletor">Skeletor</a>'s Army arrived in their universe's Earth, at the same time <a href="/wiki/Darkseid" title="Darkseid">Darkseid</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Apokalips" class="mw-redirect" title="Apokalips">Apokalips</a> Army arrived there as well, Damian summoned <a href="/wiki/He-Man" title="He-Man">He-Man/Prince Adam</a> and his allies for a same purposes. After manage to find and freed his both father and predecessor from Superman's Brainiac Tech brainwashing, Damian told him about Supergirl's location and compare Superman to be just like Zod and Ra's was. Unfortunately, Damian is snapped by Wonder Woman's lasso on his neck from behind in cold blood, but his death eventually gives original Batman a stronger will to break free from Superman's control. When Skeletor revealed his true color on playing both Darkseid and Superman's side for his scheme, Superman stand down and recently mourn Damian's death, leading him once again made a temporary truce to settle with Darkseid and Skeletor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="52_Multiverse"><i>52</i> Multiverse</h3></div> <p>In the final issue of <i><a href="/wiki/52_(comics)" title="52 (comics)">52</a></i>, a new Multiverse is revealed, originally consisting of 52 identical realities. Among the parallel realities shown is one designated "<a href="/wiki/Earth-Two" title="Earth-Two">Earth-2</a>". As a result of <a href="/wiki/Mister_Mind" title="Mister Mind">Mister Mind</a> "eating" aspects of this reality, it takes on visual aspects similar to the Pre-<i>Crisis</i> Earth-2, including Robin, among other Justice Society of America characters.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Based on comments by <a href="/wiki/Grant_Morrison" title="Grant Morrison">Grant Morrison</a>, this alternate universe is not the pre-Crisis Earth-2.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, in <i>Justice Society of America Annual</i> #1, published in 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Hector_Hall" title="Hector Hall">Silver Scarab</a> explains that the events of the Crisis are remembered by the people of this Earth-2, and from <i>their</i> perspective, Earth-2 seemed to be the only Earth to have survived the Crisis, raising theories as to whether or not Earth-2 was really destroyed, or was perhaps replaced by a new Earth-2. Indeed, in <i>Justice Society of America</i> #20, published in December 2008, Starman explains that during the re-expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Multiverse_(DC_Comics)" title="Multiverse (DC Comics)">DC Multiverse</a>, Earth-2 was reborn "along with everyone on it", including Robin. </p><p>Following <i><a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics)" title="Flashpoint (comics)">Flashpoint</a></i> (2011) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_52" title="The New 52">The New 52</a></i> reboot, this Earth is replaced by another reimagining of <a href="/wiki/Earth-Two" title="Earth-Two">Earth 2</a>, one where Batman's daughter <b><a href="/wiki/Helena_Wayne" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena Wayne">Helena Wayne</a></b> served as Robin until an incident five years prior to the relaunch sent her to DC's primary continuity, Earth-0, where she works as the Huntress. The 2014 series <i>Earth 2: World's End</i> establishes that Dick Grayson never served as Robin on this Earth, and was instead a reporter who married Barbara Gordon and had a son. During <a href="/wiki/Darkseid" title="Darkseid">Darkseid</a>'s invasion of Earth 2, Barbara is killed, and Dick is trained in how to fight by <a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(DC_Comics)" title="Wildcat (DC Comics)">Ted Grant</a> and goes on a mission to find his missing son. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Robin_monthlies"><i>Robin</i> monthlies</h2></div> <p>The first <i>Robin</i> miniseries was printed in 1992 following Tim Drake's debut as Robin. The series centered around Tim's continued training and set up villains linked to the character. It was followed up by another series <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i>, which pitted Tim against his predecessor's murderer the <a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a>. With Batman out of town, it was up to Tim and Alfred to end the Joker's latest crime spree. A final miniseries, <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i> wrapped up the trilogy, teaming Tim with the <a href="/wiki/Huntress_(DC_Comics)" title="Huntress (DC Comics)">Huntress</a>. In 1993, the success of the three miniseries led to the ongoing <i>Robin</i> series, which ran 183 issues until 2009. The title was replaced by a <i>Batman and Robin</i> series following the <i>Battle for the Cowl</i> miniseries, as well as an ongoing <i>Red Robin</i> monthly which continues the story of Tim Drake. </p><p>The ongoing <i>Robin</i> series has taken part in a number of crossovers with other comics, especially <i>Batman</i> and related series. These include: </p> <ul><li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #7: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Knightfall#&quot;The_Search&quot;" title="Batman: Knightfall">Knightquest: The Search</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #8: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Knightfall#&quot;KnightsEnd&quot;" title="Batman: Knightfall">KnightsEnd</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #9: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Knightfall#&quot;KnightsEnd:_Aftermath&quot;" title="Batman: Knightfall">KnightsEnd: Aftermath</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #11–13: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Knightfall#&quot;Prodigal&quot;" title="Batman: Knightfall">Prodigal</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #14: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Knightfall#&quot;Troika&quot;" title="Batman: Knightfall">Troika</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #27–28: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Contagion" title="Batman: Contagion">Batman: Contagion</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #32–33: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Legacy" title="Batman: Legacy">Batman: Legacy</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #52–53: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_Cataclysm" title="Batman: Cataclysm">Batman: Cataclysm</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #67–73: <a href="/wiki/No_Man%27s_Land_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="No Man&#39;s Land (comics)">Batman: No Man's Land</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #86: Batman: Officer Down</li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #95: <a href="/wiki/Last_Laugh_(comics)" title="Last Laugh (comics)">Joker: Last Laugh</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #98–99: <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne:_Murderer%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Wayne: Murderer?">Bruce Wayne: Murderer?</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #129–131: <a href="/wiki/Batman:_War_Games" title="Batman: War Games">Batman: War Games</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #168–169: <a href="/wiki/The_Resurrection_of_Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="The Resurrection of Ra&#39;s al Ghul">The Resurrection of Ra's al Ghul</a></li> <li><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #175–176: <a href="/wiki/Batman_R.I.P." title="Batman R.I.P.">Batman R.I.P.</a></li></ul> <p>In addition, two Robin-related series launched in June 2015: <i><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Robin_(comic_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="We Are Robin (comic book)">We Are Robin</a></i>, featuring writer <a href="/wiki/Lee_Bermejo" title="Lee Bermejo">Lee Bermejo</a> and artists Rob Haynes and <a href="/wiki/Khary_Randolph" title="Khary Randolph">Khary Randolph</a>, and detailing multiple teenagers in Gotham who take up the mantle of Robin; and <i>Robin, Son of Batman</i>, written and drawn by <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gleason_(artist)" title="Patrick Gleason (artist)">Patrick Gleason</a>, showing the individual adventures of Damian Wayne. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div> <p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i> in 2008, Robin is one of the "greatest sidekicks".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_other_media">In other media</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Robin_in_other_media" title="Robin in other media">Robin in other media</a></div> <p>Robin (Dick Grayson) was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Croft" title="Douglas Croft">Douglas Croft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Duncan_(actor)" title="Johnny Duncan (actor)">Johnny Duncan</a>, respectively, in the <a href="/wiki/Batman_(serial)" title="Batman (serial)">1943</a> and <a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_(serial)" title="Batman and Robin (serial)">1949</a> fifteen chapter <i>Batman</i> serials. <a href="/wiki/Burt_Ward" title="Burt Ward">Burt Ward</a> played him in the 1966–1968 <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(TV_series)" title="Batman (TV series)">Batman</a></i> television series and the <a href="/wiki/Batman_(1966_film)" title="Batman (1966 film)">related 1966 film</a>. In the live-action movies <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (film)">Batman &amp; Robin</a></i>, he was played by <a href="/wiki/Chris_O%27Donnell" title="Chris O&#39;Donnell">Chris O'Donnell</a>. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cera" title="Michael Cera">Michael Cera</a> voiced the character in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lego_Batman_Movie" title="The Lego Batman Movie">The Lego Batman Movie</a></i>. </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Rises" title="The Dark Knight Rises">The Dark Knight Rises</a></i>, as part of <a href="/wiki/Batman_in_film#The_Dark_Knight_trilogy_(2005–2012)" title="Batman in film"><i>The Dark Knight</i> trilogy</a>, Detective John Blake was played by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gordon-Levitt" title="Joseph Gordon-Levitt">Joseph Gordon-Levitt</a>, though as a homage to the character, where his full legal name is revealed in the ending to be <b>Robin John Blake</b>. </p><p>The Dick Grayson version of Robin also appears in <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_The_Animated_Series" title="Batman: The Animated Series">Batman: The Animated Series</a></i>, voiced by <a href="/wiki/Loren_Lester" title="Loren Lester">Loren Lester</a>. Grayson is replaced by Tim Drake, played by <a href="/wiki/Mathew_Valencia" title="Mathew Valencia">Mathew Valencia</a>, in the subsequent series <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Batman_Adventures" title="The New Batman Adventures">The New Batman Adventures</a></i>. </p><p>An older version of <b><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson_(Titans_character)" title="Dick Grayson (Titans character)">Robin / Dick Grayson</a></b> is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Brenton_Thwaites" title="Brenton Thwaites">Brenton Thwaites</a> in the live action series <i><a href="/wiki/Titans_(2018_TV_series)" title="Titans (2018 TV series)">Titans</a>.</i> </p><p>The animated series <i><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans_(TV_series)" title="Teen Titans (TV series)">Teen Titans</a></i> features Robin (voiced by <a href="/wiki/Scott_Menville" title="Scott Menville">Scott Menville</a>) as the leader of a team of young heroes; it is hinted in several episodes that this Robin is Dick Grayson. In the season two episode "Fractured", a version of Bat-Mite is introduced who claims to be Robin's "DNA buddy" (genetic twin). Bat-Mite gives his name as Nosyarg Kcid ("Dick Grayson" spelled backwards). In another episode, Raven reads Robin's mind and sees a man and a woman falling from a trapeze (an event known only to have happened to Grayson and not to any other Robin). In another episode, Starfire travels to the future and discovers that Robin has taken the identity of Nightwing. Menville reprises his role as Robin in <i><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans_Go!" title="Teen Titans Go!">Teen Titans Go!</a></i>. The second-season episode "The Best Robin" introduces Carrie Kelley and Tim Drake as their Robins. They are also voiced by Menville. </p><p>Robin is also seen in the 1987 <a href="/wiki/Zeller%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeller&#39;s">Zeller's</a> commercial, which features the infamous catchphrase, "Well said, Robin!". </p><p>Dick Grayson is Robin in <i><a href="/wiki/Young_Justice_(TV_series)" title="Young Justice (TV series)">Young Justice</a></i>, voiced by Jesse McCartney. In the second season, Grayson has become Nightwing, while Tim Drake, voiced by Cameron Bowen, is the new Robin, succeeding Jason Todd, who is already dead by the start of the season. </p><p>Robin is portrayed by Nick Lang in <i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Musical_B@man!" title="Holy Musical B@man!">Holy Musical B@man!</a></i>. His portrayal is based mainly on Burt Ward's Dick Grayson. </p><p>The Damian Wayne version of Robin will appear in the live action film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brave_and_the_Bold_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Brave and the Bold (film)">The Brave and the Bold</a></i>, set in the <a href="/wiki/DC_Universe_(franchise)" title="DC Universe (franchise)">DC Universe</a> (DCU) media franchise.<sup id="cite_ref-DCUSlateDeadline_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCUSlateDeadline-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dick Grayson and Jason Todd incarnations of Robin will be featured in the animated film <i><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Duo_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic Duo (film)">Dynamic Duo</a></i>, focused on their <a href="/wiki/Origin_story" title="Origin story">origin story</a> as the "<a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Duo_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic Duo (comics)">Dynamic Duo</a>". The film is being produced by <a href="/wiki/DC_Studios" title="DC Studios">DC Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures_Animation" title="Warner Bros. Pictures Animation">Warner Bros. Pictures Animation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/6th_%26_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="6th &amp; Idaho">6th &amp; Idaho</a> for a theatrical release.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collected_editions">Collected editions</h2></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th width="25%">Title </th> <th width="35%">Material collected </th> <th width="5%">Pages </th> <th width="15%">Publication date </th> <th width="20%">ISBN </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Dick Grayson </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: The Bronze Age Omnibus</i> </td> <td><i>Batman</i> #192, 202–203, 227, 229–231, 234–236, 239, 240–242, 244–245, 248, 250, 252, 254, 259, 333, 337–339, 341–343; <i>Detective Comics</i> #390–391, 394–395, 398–403, 445, 447, 450–451, 481–485; <i>Batman Family</i> #1, 3, 4–9, 11–20; <i>World's Finest Comics</i> #200, <i>DC Comics Presents</i> #31, 58 </td> <td>912 </td> <td>March 2020 </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779500854" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779500854">978-1779500854</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Year One</i> </td> <td><i>Robin: Year One</i> #1–4 </td> <td>186 </td> <td>May 2002 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1563898051" title="Special:BookSources/978-1563898051">978-1563898051</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Batgirl/Robin Year One</i> </td> <td><i>Robin: Year One</i> #1–4, <i>Batgirl: Year One</i> #1–9 </td> <td>424 </td> <td>June 2013 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401240332" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401240332">978-1401240332</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Tim Drake </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: A Hero Reborn</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> #1–5 </td> <td>192 </td> <td>February 1998 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1563890291" title="Special:BookSources/978-1563890291">978-1563890291</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Tragedy and Triumph</i> </td> <td><i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i> #1–4, <i>Detective Comics</i> #618–621 </td> <td>192 </td> <td>November 1993 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1563890789" title="Special:BookSources/978-1563890789">978-1563890789</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Flying Solo</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #1–5 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>July 2000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1563896095" title="Special:BookSources/978-1563896095">978-1563896095</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 1: Reborn</i> </td> <td><i>Batman</i> #455–457; <i>Detective Comics</i> #618–621; <i>Robin</i> #1–5 </td> <td>296 </td> <td>November 10, 2015 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401258573" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401258573">978-1401258573</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 2: Triumphant</i> </td> <td><i>Batman</i> #465, 467–469; <i>Robin II: The Joker's Wild!</i> #1–4; <i>Robin III: Cry of the Huntress</i> #1–6 </td> <td>360 </td> <td>March 22, 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401260897" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401260897">978-1401260897</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 3: Solo</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #1–5; <i>Robin Annual</i> #1–2; <i>Showcase '93</i> #5–6, 11–12 </td> <td>328 </td> <td>December 6, 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401263621" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401263621">978-1401263621</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 4: Turning Point</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #6–13; <i>Showcase '94</i> #5–6 </td> <td>264 </td> <td>July 25, 2017 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401265878" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401265878">978-1401265878</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 5: War of the Dragons</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #14–22; <i>Robin Annual</i> #3; <i>Detective Comics</i> #685–686 </td> <td>328 </td> <td>January 2, 2018 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401275129" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401275129">978-1401275129</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Unmasked</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #121–125 </td> <td>128 </td> <td>September 2004 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401202354" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401202354">978-1401202354</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin/Batgirl: Fresh Blood</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #132–133, <i>Batgirl</i> #58–59 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>October 2005 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401204334" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401204334">978-1401204334</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: To Kill a Bird</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #134–139 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>April 2006 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401209094" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401209094">978-1401209094</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Days of Fire and Madness</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #140–145 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>August 2006 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401209117" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401209117">978-1401209117</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Wanted</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #148–153 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>March 2007 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401212254" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401212254">978-1401212254</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Teenage Wasteland</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #154–162 </td> <td>208 </td> <td>November 2007 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401214807" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401214807">978-1401214807</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: The Big Leagues</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #163–167 </td> <td>128 </td> <td>March 2008 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401216733" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401216733">978-1401216733</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Violent Tendencies</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #170–174, Robin/Spolier Special #1 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>December 2008 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401219888" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401219888">978-1401219888</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Search for a Hero</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #175–183 </td> <td>208 </td> <td>August 2009 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401223106" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401223106">978-1401223106</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Tim Drake: Robin Vol. 1</i> </td> <td><i>Tim Drake: Robin</i> #1–6 </td> <td>208 </td> <td>September 2023 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779520579" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779520579">978-1779520579</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Damian Wayne </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Son of Batman Vol. 1: Year of Blood</i> </td> <td><i>Robin: Son of Batman</i> #1–6 </td> <td>176 </td> <td>March 29, 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401261559" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401261559">978-1401261559</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: Son of Batman Vol. 2: Dawn of the Demons</i> </td> <td><i>Robin: Son of Batman</i> #7–13 </td> <td>176 </td> <td>September 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401264819" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401264819">978-1401264819</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 1: The Lazarus Tournament</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 3) #1–6 and material from <i>Batman</i> (vol. 2) #106, <i>Detective Comics</i> #1034 </td> <td>184 </td> <td>April 2022 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779514332" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779514332">978-1779514332</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 2: I Am Robin</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 3) #7–12; <i>Robin 2021 Annual</i> #1 </td> <td>208 </td> <td>September 2022 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779516732" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779516732">978-1779516732</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin Vol. 3: Secrets and Shadows</i> </td> <td><i>Robin</i> (vol. 3) #13–17 </td> <td>208 </td> <td>March 2023 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779519955" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779519955">978-1779519955</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Other </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: The Teen Wonder</i> </td> <td><i>Batman</i> #428, 442, <i>Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight</i> #100, <i>Nightwing</i> #101, <i>Robin</i> (vol. 2) #126, 132, <i>Teen Titans</i> #29 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>June 2009 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401222550" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401222550">978-1401222550</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin, the Boy Wonder: A Celebration of 75 Years</i> </td> <td><i>Detective Comics</i> #38, 156, 342, <i>Batman</i> #20, 107, 408, 428, 442, 657, <i>Star-Spangled Comics</i> #82, 86, 103, <i>Batman Family</i> #1, <i>Nightwing</i> (vol. 2) #25, 101, <i>Robin</i> (vol 2) #46, 126, <i>Superman/Batman</i> #7, 77<i>, Batman and Robin Annual</i> (vol. 2) #1, <i>Justice League of America</i> #55, <i>Batman: The Dark Knight Returns</i> #2, <i>DC One Million 80-Page Giant</i> #1000000 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>May 2015 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401255367" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401255367">978-1401255367</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin: 80 Years of the Boy Wonder The Deluxe Edition</i> </td> <td><i>Batman</i> #368, 410–411, 466, <i>Detective Comics</i> #38, 394, 395, 535, 796, <i>Robin</i> #25–26, <i>Batman Chronicles: The Gauntlet</i> #1, <i>World's Finest Comics</i> #141, <i>Star Spangled Comics</i> #65,124, <i>Teen Titans</i> #14, <i>Batman and Robin</i> #0, <i>Batman Incorporated</i> #1, <i>Super Sons</i> #5 </td> <td>416 </td> <td>September 2020 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779507211" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779507211">978-1779507211</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robin War</i> </td> <td><i>Robin War</i> #1–2, <i>Robin: Son of Batman</i> #7, <i>Grayson</i> #15, <i>Detective Comics</i> (vol. 2) #47, <i>We Are Robin</i> #7, <i>Gotham Academy</i> #13, <i>Red Hood/Arsenal</i> #7, <i>Teen Titans</i> #15. </td> <td>256 </td> <td>April 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401262082" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401262082">978-1401262082</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>We Are Robin Vol. 1: The Vigilante Business</i> </td> <td><i>We Are Robin</i> #1–6, <i>DC Sneak Peek: We Are Robin</i> #1 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>April 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401259822" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401259822">978-1401259822</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>We Are Robin Vol. 2: Jokers</i> </td> <td><i>We Are Robin</i> #7–13 </td> <td>152 </td> <td>October 2016 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401264901" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401264901">978-1401264901</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Robins Being Robin</i> </td> <td><i>Robins</i> #1–6 </td> <td>144 </td> <td>September 2022 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1779516688" title="Special:BookSources/978-1779516688">978-1779516688</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_the_Batman_franchise" title="Homosexuality in the Batman franchise">Homosexuality in the Batman franchise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Holy...%22" title="&quot;Holy...&quot;">List of exclamations by Robin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Batman previously lost his hand when fighting an alternate reality's version of Ghost-Breaker in <i>Batman</i> Vol. 3 #134 and got a cybernetic replacement in <i>Batman</i> Vol. 3 #135.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleisher1976" class="citation book cs1">Fleisher, Michael L. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofco01flei/page/316/mode/2up"><i>The Encyclopedia of Comic Book Heroes, Volume 1: Batman</i></a>. Macmillan Publishing Co. pp.&#160;317–332. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-538700-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-538700-6"><bdi>0-02-538700-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Comic+Book+Heroes%2C+Volume+1%3A+Batman&amp;rft.pages=317-332&amp;rft.pub=Macmillan+Publishing+Co&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.isbn=0-02-538700-6&amp;rft.aulast=Fleisher&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael+L.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofco01flei%2Fpage%2F316%2Fmode%2F2up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Batman:_The_Complete_History-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Batman:_The_Complete_History_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniels2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Les_Daniels" title="Les Daniels">Daniels, Les</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=73wknu2cVIkC"><i>Batman: The Complete History</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Chronicle_Books" title="Chronicle Books">Chronicle Books</a>. p.&#160;37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8118-4232-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8118-4232-0"><bdi>0-8118-4232-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Batman%3A+The+Complete+History&amp;rft.pages=37&amp;rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=0-8118-4232-0&amp;rft.aulast=Daniels&amp;rft.aufirst=Les&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D73wknu2cVIkC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ComicsJournal271-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ComicsJournal271_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ComicsJournal271_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Groth,_Gary" class="mw-redirect" title="Groth, Gary">Groth, Gary</a> (November 2005). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcj.com/jerry-robinson-been-there-done-that">Jerry Robinson: Been There, Done That</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i> #271</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steranko-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Steranko_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historycomics11/History_comics_1_%281%29/page/n45/mode/2up?q=robin"><i>The Steranko History of Comics</i></a>, vol. 1; p. 44; by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Steranko" title="Jim Steranko">Jim Steranko</a>; published 1970 by Supergraphics; via <a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">archive.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2009" class="citation web cs1">Phillips, Dan (May 22, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/05/22/grant-morrisons-new-batman-and-robin">"Grant Morrison's New Batman and Robin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=IGN&amp;rft.atitle=Grant+Morrison%27s+New+Batman+and+Robin&amp;rft.date=2009-05-22&amp;rft.aulast=Phillips&amp;rft.aufirst=Dan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2009%2F05%2F22%2Fgrant-morrisons-new-batman-and-robin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interview-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Interview_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge2009" class="citation web cs1">George, Richard (March 11, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/03/11/grant-morrison-discusses-batman-robin">"Grant Morrison Discusses Batman and Robin"</a>. <i>IGN</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=IGN&amp;rft.atitle=Grant+Morrison+Discusses+Batman+and+Robin&amp;rft.date=2009-03-11&amp;rft.aulast=George&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2009%2F03%2F11%2Fgrant-morrison-discusses-batman-robin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFwriter2023" class="citation web cs1">writer, Joshua Lapin-Bertone Contributing (2023-01-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thepopverse.com/jason-todd-robin-red-hood-gerry-conway-batman">"Looking back at Jason Todd's forgotten, red-headed beginnings with his creator Gerry Conway"</a>. <i>Popverse</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Popverse&amp;rft.atitle=Looking+back+at+Jason+Todd%E2%80%99s+forgotten%2C+red-headed+beginnings+with+his+creator+Gerry+Conway&amp;rft.date=2023-01-09&amp;rft.aulast=writer&amp;rft.aufirst=Joshua+Lapin-Bertone+Contributing&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepopverse.com%2Fjason-todd-robin-red-hood-gerry-conway-batman&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2020" class="citation web cs1">Peterson, John (2020-07-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/batman-robin-jason-todd-copy-dick-grayson/">"Batman: Jason Todd Was A Total Copy of Dick Grayson"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&amp;rft.atitle=Batman%3A+Jason+Todd+Was+A+Total+Copy+of+Dick+Grayson&amp;rft.date=2020-07-02&amp;rft.aulast=Peterson&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fbatman-robin-jason-todd-copy-dick-grayson%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRADFORD2010" class="citation web cs1">RADFORD, BILL (2010-07-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazette.com/news/red-hood-storyline-revisited-with-animated-feature/article_9724af54-657f-5f7c-8331-0faa6be1aaec.html">"Red Hood storyline revisited with animated feature"</a>. <i>Colorado Springs Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Colorado+Springs+Gazette&amp;rft.atitle=Red+Hood+storyline+revisited+with+animated+feature&amp;rft.date=2010-07-05&amp;rft.aulast=RADFORD&amp;rft.aufirst=BILL&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgazette.com%2Fnews%2Fred-hood-storyline-revisited-with-animated-feature%2Farticle_9724af54-657f-5f7c-8331-0faa6be1aaec.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO&#39;Connor2021" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, Lauren R. (2021). <i>Robin and the Making of American Adolescence</i>. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp.&#160;50–54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781978819795" title="Special:BookSources/9781978819795"><bdi>9781978819795</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Robin+and+the+Making+of+American+Adolescence&amp;rft.place=New+Brunswick&amp;rft.pages=50-54&amp;rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=9781978819795&amp;rft.aulast=O%27Connor&amp;rft.aufirst=Lauren+R.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comichron.com/monthlycomicssales/1989.html">"Comichron: 1989 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops"</a>. <i>comichron.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=comichron.com&amp;rft.atitle=Comichron%3A+1989+Comic+Book+Sales+to+Comics+Shops&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comichron.com%2Fmonthlycomicssales%2F1989.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comichron.com/monthlycomicssales/1990.html">"Comichron: 1990 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops"</a>. <i>comichron.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=comichron.com&amp;rft.atitle=Comichron%3A+1990+Comic+Book+Sales+to+Comics+Shops&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comichron.com%2Fmonthlycomicssales%2F1990.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comichron.com/monthlycomicssales/1991.html">"Comichron: 1991 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops"</a>. <i>comichron.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=comichron.com&amp;rft.atitle=Comichron%3A+1991+Comic+Book+Sales+to+Comics+Shops&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comichron.com%2Fmonthlycomicssales%2F1991.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrving2007" class="citation journal cs1">Irving, Christopher (June 2007). "Gotham City's Other Dynamic Duo". <i>Back Issue</i>. <b>1</b> (22): 18–20 (with Daniel Best interview notes).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Back+Issue&amp;rft.atitle=Gotham+City%27s+Other+Dynamic+Duo&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rft.issue=22&amp;rft.pages=18-20+%28with+Daniel+Best+interview+notes%29&amp;rft.date=2007-06&amp;rft.aulast=Irving&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Detective Comics</i> #618–621 (July–Sept. 1990)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Batman</i> #455–457, (Oct.–Dec. 1990)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Batman</i> #443–444 (Jan.–Feb. 1990)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Detective Comics</i> #615 and <i>Batman</i> #448–49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Robin</i> #1–5 (Jan.–May 1991)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Batman</i> #465</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO&#39;Connor2021" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, Lauren R. (2021). <i>Robin and the Making of American Adolescence</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&amp;rft.atitle=James+Gunn+%26+Peter+Safran+Unveil+Big+DC+Plan+With+New+Movies+For+Batman+%26+Robin%2C+%27Swamp+Thing%27%2C+%27The+Authority%27%3B+%27Lanterns%27+TV+Series+%26+More&amp;rft.date=2023-01-31&amp;rft.aulast=D%27Alessandro&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2023%2F01%2Fdc-movie-tv-plan-james-gunn-peter-safran-batman-swamp-thing-green-lantern-1235244926%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD&#39;Alessandro2024" class="citation web cs1">D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 1, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2024/10/dynamic-duo-movie-robins-dc-1236105077/">"The Robins' Origin Story <i>Dynamic Duo</i> In The Works With DC Studios, WBPA &amp; 6th &amp; Idaho; Movie To Be Made With Puppetry Animation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241001223621/https://deadline.com/2024/10/dynamic-duo-movie-robins-dc-1236105077/">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&amp;rft.atitle=The+Robins%27+Origin+Story+Dynamic+Duo+In+The+Works+With+DC+Studios%2C+WBPA+%26+6th+%26+Idaho%3B+Movie+To+Be+Made+With+Puppetry+Animation&amp;rft.date=2024-10-01&amp;rft.aulast=D%27Alessandro&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2024%2F10%2Fdynamic-duo-movie-robins-dc-1236105077%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2024" class="citation web cs1">Booth, Kaitlyn (October 1, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bleedingcool.com/movies/james-gunn-has-announced-a-new-dc-studios-film-dynamic-duo/">"James Gunn Has Announced A New DC Studios Film, <i>Dynamic Duo</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Cool" title="Bleeding Cool">Bleeding Cool</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002021657/https://bleedingcool.com/movies/james-gunn-has-announced-a-new-dc-studios-film-dynamic-duo/">Archived</a> from the original on October 2, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Bleeding+Cool&amp;rft.atitle=James+Gunn+Has+Announced+A+New+DC+Studios+Film%2C+Dynamic+Duo&amp;rft.date=2024-10-01&amp;rft.aulast=Booth&amp;rft.aufirst=Kaitlyn&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbleedingcool.com%2Fmovies%2Fjames-gunn-has-announced-a-new-dc-studios-film-dynamic-duo%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobin+%28character%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216220040/http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0000216/">Robin</a> on <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208084327/http://www.titanstower.com/source/whoswho/nightwing.html">Extensive biography on Dick Grayson</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110211052930/http://titanstower.com/source/whoswho/robin2.html">Extensive biography on Jason Todd</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.titanstower.com/source/whoswho/robin3.html">Extensive biography on Tim Drake</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.fandom.com/wiki/w:c:dc:Robin">Robin</a> on&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.fandom.com/wiki/w:c:dc">DC Database</a>, a <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiki" 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Robin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Robin" title="Template:Robin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Robin" title="Template talk:Robin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Robin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Robin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Robin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Finger" title="Bill Finger">Bill Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Robinson" title="Jerry Robinson">Jerry Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Robins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Brown_(character)" title="Stephanie Brown (character)">Stephanie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supporting<br />characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batgirl" title="Batgirl">Batgirl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Barbara Gordon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Catwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Drake" title="Jack Drake">Jack Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Graysons" title="Flying Graysons">Flying Graysons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Fox" title="Lucius Fox">Lucius Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Fox" title="Tamara Fox">Tamara Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(character)" title="Jim Gordon (character)">James Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">Justice League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightstar_(comics)" title="Nightstar (comics)">Nightstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturna_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nocturna (DC Comics)">Nocturna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(comics)" title="Outsiders (comics)">Outsiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Teen_Titans)" title="Starfire (Teen Titans)">Starfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talia_al_Ghul" title="Talia al Ghul">Talia al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Thompkins" title="Leslie Thompkins">Leslie Thompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warlock%27s_Daughter" title="Warlock&#39;s Daughter">Warlock's Daughter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarky" title="Anarky">Anarky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bane_(DC_Comics)" title="Bane (DC Comics)">Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(DC_Comics)" title="Blockbuster (DC Comics)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutale_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutale (DC Comics)">Brutale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock_King" title="Clock King">Clock King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cluemaster" title="Cluemaster">Cluemaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathstroke" title="Deathstroke">Deathstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(DC_Comics)" title="Firefly (DC Comics)">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_(DC_Comics)" title="General (DC Comics)">The General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duela_Dent" title="Duela Dent">Joker's Daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Croc" title="Killer Croc">Killer Croc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Moth" title="Killer Moth">Killer Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Snake" title="King Snake">King Snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Shiva" title="Lady Shiva">Lady Shiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Vic" title="Lady Vic">Lady Vic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_(comics)" title="Lynx (comics)">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mad_Hatter_(DC_Comics)" title="Mad Hatter (DC Comics)">Mad Hatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Freeze" title="Mr. Freeze">Mr. Freeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nite-Wing" title="Nite-Wing">Nite-Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguin_(character)" title="Penguin (character)">Penguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prankster_(comics)" title="Prankster (comics)">Prankster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddler" title="Riddler">Riddler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(DC_Comics)" title="Scarecrow (DC Comics)">Scarecrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrike_(identity)" title="Shrike (identity)">Shrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantula_(DC_Comics)" title="Tarantula (DC Comics)">Tarantula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torque_(DC_Comics)" title="Torque (DC Comics)">Torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigger_Twins" title="Trigger Twins">Trigger Twins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-Face" title="Two-Face">Two-Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Zucco" title="Tony Zucco">Tony Zucco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related identities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(identity)" title="Red Robin (identity)">Red Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hood">Red Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squire_(identity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squire (identity)">Squire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_X_(Teen_Titans)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red X (Teen Titans)">Red X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Robin_in_other_media" title="Robin in other media">In other media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_(serial)" title="Batman and Robin (serial)"><i>Batman and Robin</i> (serial)</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Robin%27s_Reckoning" title="Robin&#39;s Reckoning">Robin's Reckoning</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson_(1989_film_series_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dick Grayson (1989 film series character)">Dick Grayson (film character)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (film)"><i>Batman &amp; Robin</i> (film)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(soundtrack)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(video_game)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (video game)">video game</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Batman" title="Son of Batman">Son of Batman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_vs._Robin" title="Batman vs. Robin">Batman vs. Robin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robin:_Year_One" title="Robin: Year One">Robin: Year One</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robin_War" title="Robin War">Robin War</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Star_Batman_%26_Robin,_the_Boy_Wonder" title="All Star Batman &amp; Robin, the Boy Wonder">All Star Batman &amp; Robin, the Boy Wonder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_(comic_book)" title="Batman and Robin (comic book)">Batman and Robin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Are..._Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="We Are... Robin">We Are... Robin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(comic_book)" title="Red Robin (comic book)">Red Robin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_Eternal" title="Batman and Robin Eternal">Batman and Robin Eternal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Son" title="Batman and Son">Batman and Son</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_versions_of_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative versions of Robin">Alternative versions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Kelley" title="Carrie Kelley">Carrie Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_(Earth-Two)" title="Robin (Earth-Two)">Earth-Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Wayne)" title="Huntress (Helena Wayne)">Helena Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Hood" title="Robin Hood">Robin Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Redbird (comics)">Redbird</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alyas_Batman_en_Robin" title="Alyas Batman en Robin">Alyas Batman en Robin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alyas_Batman_at_Robin" title="Alyas Batman at Robin">Alyas Batman at Robin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin:_The_Chiller" title="Batman &amp; Robin: The Chiller">Batman &amp; Robin: The Chiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_Have_an_Altercation" title="Batman and Robin Have an Altercation">Batman and Robin Have an Altercation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Holy...%22" title="&quot;Holy...&quot;">"Holy..."</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman and Robin (disambiguation)">Batman and Robin (disambiguation)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Robin_(character)" title="Category:Robin (character)">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dick_Grayson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dick_Grayson" title="Template:Dick Grayson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dick_Grayson" title="Template talk:Dick Grayson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dick_Grayson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dick Grayson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dick_Grayson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Finger" title="Bill Finger">Bill Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kane" title="Bob Kane">Bob Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Robinson" title="Jerry Robinson">Jerry Robinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Identities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haly%27s_Circus" class="mw-redirect" title="Haly&#39;s Circus">Haly's Circus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Graysons" title="Flying Graysons">Flying Graysons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">Justice League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(comics)" title="Outsiders (comics)">Outsiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supporting<br />characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Barbara Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(character)" title="Jim Gordon (character)">Jim Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotham_City_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotham City Police Department">Gotham City Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Barbara Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Bertinelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena Bertinelli">Helena Bertinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Teen_Titans)" title="Starfire (Teen Titans)">Starfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_West" title="Wally West">Wally West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Harper_(character)" title="Roy Harper (character)">Roy Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beast_Boy" title="Beast Boy">Beast Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyborg_(DC_Comics)" title="Cyborg (DC Comics)">Cyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Grayson_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Grayson (character)">John Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Grayson" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Grayson">Mary Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnighter" title="Midnighter">Midnighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightstar_(comics)" title="Nightstar (comics)">Nightstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kent_(DC_Comics)" title="Jon Kent (DC Comics)">Jon Kent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(DC_Comics)" title="Blockbuster (DC Comics)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutale_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutale (DC Comics)">Brutale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathstroke" title="Deathstroke">Deathstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGBeast" title="KGBeast">KGBeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Vic" title="Lady Vic">Lady Vic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguin_(character)" title="Penguin (character)">Penguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Pyg" title="Professor Pyg">Professor Pyg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddler" title="Riddler">Riddler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrike_(identity)" title="Shrike (identity)">Shrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Zucco" title="Tony Zucco">Tony Zucco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantula_(DC_Comics)" title="Tarantula (DC Comics)">Tarantula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_X_(Teen_Titans)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red X (Teen Titans)">Red X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torque_(DC_Comics)" title="Torque (DC Comics)">Torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nite-Wing" title="Nite-Wing">Nite-Wing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Publication_history_of_Dick_Grayson" title="Publication history of Dick Grayson">Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Star_Batman_%26_Robin,_the_Boy_Wonder" title="All Star Batman &amp; Robin, the Boy Wonder">All Star Batman &amp; Robin, the Boy Wonder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grayson_(comic_book)" title="Grayson (comic book)">Grayson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deadman_and_the_Flying_Graysons" title="Deadman and the Flying Graysons">Deadman and the Flying Graysons</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In other media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_and_Robin_(serial)" title="Batman and Robin (serial)"><i>Batman and Robin</i> (1949 serial)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson_(1989_film_series_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dick Grayson (1989 film series character)">Dick Grayson (film character)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (film)"><i>Batman &amp; Robin</i> (1997 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(soundtrack)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(video_game)" title="Batman &amp; Robin (video game)">video game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson_(Titans_character)" title="Dick Grayson (Titans character)">Dick Grayson (<i>Titans</i> character)</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Robin%27s_Reckoning" title="Robin&#39;s Reckoning">Robin's Reckoning</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_the_Batman_franchise" title="Homosexuality in the Batman franchise">Homosexuality in the Batman franchise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayson_(film)" title="Grayson (film)"><i>Grayson</i> (fan film)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Dick_Grayson" title="Category:Dick Grayson">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Batman_characters" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Batman_characters" title="Template:Batman characters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Batman_characters" title="Template talk:Batman characters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Batman_characters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Batman characters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Batman_characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a> characters</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Batman_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman family">Batman family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By codename</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Catwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwoman" title="Batwoman">Batwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batgirl" title="Batgirl">Batgirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntress_(DC_Comics)" title="Huntress (DC Comics)">Huntress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightwing" title="Nightwing">Nightwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamebird" title="Flamebird">Flamebird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Robin_(identity)" title="Red Robin (identity)">Red Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hood">Red Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwing_(DC_Comics)" title="Batwing (DC Comics)">Batwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael_(DC_Comics)" title="Azrael (DC Comics)">Azrael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By public<br />identity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Dick Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwoman_(Kathy_Kane)" title="Batwoman (Kathy Kane)">Kathy Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Kane" title="Bette Kane">Bette Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Barbara Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Todd" title="Jason Todd">Jason Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Bertinelli)" title="Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)">Helena Bertinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Drake" title="Tim Drake">Tim Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Brown_(character)" title="Stephanie Brown (character)">Stephanie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Cain" title="Cassandra Cain">Cassandra Cain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Kane" title="Kate Kane">Kate Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Wayne" title="Damian Wayne">Damian Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Row" title="Harper Row">Harper Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Thomas_(character)" title="Duke Thomas (character)">Duke Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(Jace_Fox)" title="Batman (Jace Fox)">Jace Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwing_(DC_Comics)" title="Batwing (DC Comics)">Luke Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lane_(character)" title="Michael Lane (character)">Michael Washington Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Valley" title="Jean-Paul Valley">Jean-Paul Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_the_Bat-Hound" title="Ace the Bat-Hound">Ace the Bat-Hound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Batman_supporting_characters" title="List of Batman supporting characters">Supporting<br />characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main supporting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(character)" title="Jim Gordon (character)">Jim Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Madison" title="Julie Madison">Julie Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_Robinson_(character)" title="Holly Robinson (character)">Holly Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Fox" title="Lucius Fox">Lucius Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Wayne" title="Martha Wayne">Martha Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wayne" title="Thomas Wayne">Thomas Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Vale" title="Vicki Vale">Vicki Vale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gotham City Police<br />Department contacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(character)" title="Jim Gordon (character)">Jim Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Bullock_(character)" title="Harvey Bullock (character)">Harvey Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Essen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah Essen">Sarah Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Sawyer" title="Maggie Sawyer">Maggie Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renee_Montoya" title="Renee Montoya">Renee Montoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispus_Allen" title="Crispus Allen">Crispus Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Bard" title="Jason Bard">Jason Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slam_Bradley" title="Slam Bradley">Slam Bradley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superhero allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman" title="Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(DC_Comics_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (DC Comics character)">Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(Barry_Allen)" title="Flash (Barry Allen)">Barry Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_West" title="Wally West">Wally West</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lantern" title="Green Lantern">Green Lantern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Jordan" title="Hal Jordan">Hal Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stewart_(character)" title="John Stewart (character)">John Stewart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaman" title="Aquaman">Aquaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canary" title="Black Canary">Black Canary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyborg_(DC_Comics)" title="Cyborg (DC Comics)">Cyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadman_(character)" title="Deadman (character)">Deadman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrigan_the_Demon" title="Etrigan the Demon">Etrigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Arrow" title="Green Arrow">Green Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkgirl" title="Hawkgirl">Hawkgirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman" title="Hawkman">Hawkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constantine" title="John Constantine">John Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martian_Manhunter" title="Martian Manhunter">Martian Manhunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorpho" title="Metamorpho">Metamorpho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightrunner_(character)" title="Nightrunner (character)">Nightrunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Man" title="Plastic Man">Plastic Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_(character)" title="Question (character)">Question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rorschach_(Reggie_Long)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rorschach (Reggie Long)">Rorschach (Reggie Long)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_(DC_Comics)" title="Captain Marvel (DC Comics)">Shazam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectre_(DC_Comics_character)" title="Spectre (DC Comics character)">Spectre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vixen_(comics)" title="Vixen (comics)">Vixen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zatanna" title="Zatanna">Zatanna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superhero groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_Incorporated" title="Batman Incorporated">Batman Incorporated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batmen_of_All_Nations" title="Batmen of All Nations">Batmen of All Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birds_of_Prey_(team)" title="Birds of Prey (team)">Birds of Prey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">Justice League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Society_of_America" title="Justice Society of America">Justice Society of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(comics)" title="Outsiders (comics)">Outsiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World%27s_Finest_Team" title="World&#39;s Finest Team">World's Finest Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bat-Mite" title="Bat-Mite">Bat-Mite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Tiger" title="Bronze Tiger">Bronze Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creeper_(DC_Comics)" title="Creeper (DC Comics)">Creeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duela_Dent" title="Duela Dent">Duela Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilda_Dent" title="Gilda Dent">Gilda Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_(DC_Comics)" title="Knight (DC Comics)">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legs_(character)" title="Legs (character)">Legs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Thompkins" title="Leslie Thompkins">Leslie Thompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misfit_(DC_Comics)" title="Misfit (DC Comics)">Misfit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Panic" title="Mother Panic">Mother Panic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Fries" title="Nora Fries">Nora Fries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_(DC_Comics)" title="Orpheus (DC Comics)">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragman_(character)" title="Ragman (character)">Ragman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Bordeaux" title="Sasha Bordeaux">Sasha Bordeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_St._Cloud" title="Silver St. Cloud">Silver St. Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Dark" title="Simon Dark">Simon Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squire_(character)" title="Squire (character)">Squire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_October" title="Victoria October">Victoria October</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Batman_family_enemies" title="List of Batman family enemies">Antagonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central rogues<br />gallery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bane_(DC_Comics)" title="Bane (DC Comics)">Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mask_(character)" title="Black Mask (character)">Black Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Catwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayface" title="Clayface">Clayface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadshot" title="Deadshot">Deadshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathstroke" title="Deathstroke">Deathstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(DC_Comics)" title="Firefly (DC Comics)">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Strange" title="Hugo Strange">Hugo Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hush_(character)" title="Hush (character)">Hush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Croc" title="Killer Croc">Killer Croc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Moth" title="Killer Moth">Killer Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mad_Hatter_(DC_Comics)" title="Mad Hatter (DC Comics)">Mad Hatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-Bat" title="Man-Bat">Man-Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Freeze" title="Mr. Freeze">Mr. Freeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguin_(character)" title="Penguin (character)">Penguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poison_Ivy_(character)" title="Poison Ivy (character)">Poison Ivy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddler" title="Riddler">Riddler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(DC_Comics)" title="Scarecrow (DC Comics)">Scarecrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-Face" title="Two-Face">Two-Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquist_(character)" title="Ventriloquist (character)">Ventriloquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Zsasz" title="Victor Zsasz">Victor Zsasz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/League_of_Assassins" title="League of Assassins">League of Assassins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talia_al_Ghul" title="Talia al Ghul">Talia al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyssa_Raatko" title="Nyssa Raatko">Nyssa al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensei_(DC_Comics)" title="Sensei (DC Comics)">Sensei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Shiva" title="Lady Shiva">Lady Shiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cain_(character)" title="David Cain (character)">David Cain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mobsters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Chill" title="Joe Chill">Joe Chill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lew_Moxon" title="Lew Moxon">Lew Moxon</a></li> <li>Falcone family <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carmine_Falcone" title="Carmine Falcone">Carmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Falcone" title="Alberto Falcone">Alberto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Falcone_(DC_Comics)" title="Mario Falcone (DC Comics)">Mario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Falcone_Gigante" class="mw-redirect" title="Sofia Falcone Gigante">Sofia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sal_Maroni" title="Sal Maroni">Sal Maroni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squid_(DC_Comics)" title="Squid (DC Comics)">Squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Thorne" title="Rupert Thorne">Rupert Thorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Whale" title="Tobias Whale">Tobias Whale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Witts" title="Johnny Witts">Johnny Witts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Zucco" title="Tony Zucco">Tony Zucco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Hill_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton Hill (comics)">Hamilton Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_B._Loeb" title="Gillian B. Loeb">Gillian B. Loeb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other enemies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amygdala_(character)" title="Amygdala (character)">Amygdala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarky" title="Anarky">Anarky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Spider" title="Black Spider">Black Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(DC_Comics)" title="Blockbuster (DC Comics)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculator_(character)" title="Calculator (character)">Calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_Man" title="Calendar Man">Calendar Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catman_(DC_Comics)" title="Catman (DC Comics)">Catman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_(character)" title="Cavalier (character)">Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock_King" title="Clock King">Clock King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cluemaster" title="Cluemaster">Cluemaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copperhead_(DC_Comics)" title="Copperhead (DC Comics)">Copperhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Stirk" title="Cornelius Stirk">Cornelius Stirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazy_Quilt" title="Crazy Quilt">Crazy Quilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_Doctor_(comics)" title="Crime Doctor (comics)">Crime Doctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_Blackfire" title="Deacon Blackfire">Deacon Blackfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Death_(character)" title="Doctor Death (character)">Doctor Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Double_X" title="Doctor Double X">Doctor Double X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Phosphorus" title="Doctor Phosphorus">Doctor Phosphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollmaker_(character)" title="Dollmaker (character)">Dollmaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrocutioner" title="Electrocutioner">Electrocutioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enigma_(DC_Comics)" title="Enigma (DC Comics)">Enigma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebug_(comics)" title="Firebug (comics)">Firebug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamingo_(comics)" title="Flamingo (comics)">Flamingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gearhead_(DC_Comics)" title="Gearhead (DC Comics)">Gearhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_White_Shark_(character)" title="Great White Shark (character)">Great White Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humpty_Dumpty_(comics)" title="Humpty Dumpty (comics)">Humpty Dumpty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Doe_(character)" title="Jane Doe (character)">Jane Doe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_(character)" title="Key (character)">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGBeast" title="KGBeast">KGBeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Snake" title="King Snake">King Snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_Man" title="Kite Man">Kite Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lex_Luthor" title="Lex Luthor">Lex Luthor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxie_Zeus" title="Maxie Zeus">Maxie Zeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magpie_(character)" title="Magpie (character)">Magpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror_Man_(character)" title="Mirror Man (character)">Mirror Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Bloom" title="Mr. Bloom">Mr. Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Meister" title="Music Meister">Music Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightslayer" title="Nightslayer">Night-Slayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturna_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nocturna (DC Comics)">Nocturna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_(DC_Comics)" title="Orca (DC Comics)">Orca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsider_(comics)" title="Outsider (comics)">Outsider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owlman_(character)" title="Owlman (character)">Owlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Beaumont" title="Andrea Beaumont">Phantasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_Rex" title="Phosphorus Rex">Phosphorus Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_Master" title="Planet Master">Planet Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polka-Dot_Man" title="Polka-Dot Man">Polka-Dot Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Milo" title="Professor Milo">Professor Milo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Pyg" title="Professor Pyg">Professor Pyg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punchline_(fictional_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punchline (fictional character)">Punchline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rag_Doll_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rag Doll (character)">Rag Doll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratcatcher_(comics)" title="Ratcatcher (comics)">Ratcatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaper_(DC_Comics)" title="Reaper (DC Comics)">Reaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signalman_(comics)" title="Signalman (comics)">Signalman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Hurt" title="Simon Hurt">Simon Hurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowman_(comics)" title="Snowman (comics)">Snowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Grundy_(character)" title="Solomon Grundy (character)">Solomon Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spellbinder_(DC_Comics)" title="Spellbinder (DC Comics)">Spellbinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swagman_(comics)" title="Swagman (comics)">Swagman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tally_Man" title="Tally Man">Tally Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Eyed_Man" title="Ten-Eyed Man">Ten-Eyed Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Batman_Who_Laughs" title="The Batman Who Laughs">The Batman Who Laughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Shark_(DC_Comics)" title="Tiger Shark (DC Comics)">Tiger Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweedledum_and_Tweedledee_(comics)" title="Tweedledum and Tweedledee (comics)">Tweedledum and Tweedledee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrath_(comics)" title="Wrath (comics)">Wrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebra-Man" title="Zebra-Man">Zebra-Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supervillain groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Strange" title="Circus of Strange">Circus of Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Owls" title="Court of Owls">Court of Owls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobra_(DC_Comics)" title="Kobra (DC Comics)">Kobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(DC_Comics)" title="Leviathan (DC Comics)">Leviathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LexCorp" class="mw-redirect" title="LexCorp">LexCorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutants_(DC_Comics)" title="Mutants (DC Comics)">Mutants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flush_Gang" title="Royal Flush Gang">Royal Flush Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_Squad" title="Suicide Squad">Suicide Squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrible_Trio" title="Terrible Trio">Terrible Trio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative<br /> versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Batman</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(Earth-Two)" title="Batman (Earth-Two)">Earth-Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_of_Zur-En-Arrh" title="Batman of Zur-En-Arrh">Tlano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owlman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Owlman (comics)">Owlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Batman_Who_Laughs" title="The Batman Who Laughs">The Batman Who Laughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(Thomas_Wayne)" title="Batman (Thomas Wayne)">Thomas Wayne (<i>Flashpoint</i> version)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_versions_of_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative versions of Robin">Robin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robin_(Earth-Two)" title="Robin (Earth-Two)">Earth-Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Kelley" title="Carrie Kelley">Carrie Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Wayne)" title="Huntress (Helena Wayne)">Helena Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_versions_of_Joker" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative versions of Joker">Joker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1966 <i>Batman</i> TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(1966_TV_series_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Wayne (1966 TV series character)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egghead_(DC_Comics)" title="Egghead (DC Comics)">Egghead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Tut_(comics)" title="King Tut (comics)">King Tut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989–1997 film series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(1989_film_series_character)" title="Bruce Wayne (1989 film series character)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(Jack_Napier)" title="Joker (Jack Napier)">Joker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selina_Kyle_(1989_film_series_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Selina Kyle (1989 film series character)">Catwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Cobblepot_(Batman_Returns)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswald Cobblepot (Batman Returns)">Penguin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_DC_Animated_Universe_characters" title="List of DC Animated Universe characters">DC Animated Universe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(Batman:_The_Animated_Series_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Wayne (Batman: The Animated Series character)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Beaumont" title="Andrea Beaumont">Andrea Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Batman_Beyond_characters" title="List of Batman Beyond characters">Batman Beyond</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(Terry_McGinnis)" title="Batman (Terry McGinnis)">Terry McGinnis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Dark Knight</i> Trilogy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(Dark_Knight_trilogy)" title="Bruce Wayne (Dark Knight trilogy)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Dawes" title="Rachel Dawes">Rachel Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(The_Dark_Knight)" title="Joker (The Dark Knight)">Joker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">DC Extended Universe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Bruce Wayne (DC Extended Universe)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Harley Quinn (DC Extended Universe)">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(DC_Extended_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker (DC Extended Universe)">Joker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gotham_characters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Gotham characters">Gotham</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(Gotham)" title="Bruce Wayne (Gotham)">Bruce Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(Gotham)" title="Jim Gordon (Gotham)">James Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selina_Kyle_(Gotham_character)" title="Selina Kyle (Gotham character)">Selina Kyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Mooney" title="Fish Mooney">Fish Mooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Cobblepot_(Gotham)" title="Oswald Cobblepot (Gotham)">Oswald Cobblepot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_and_Jeremiah_Valeska" title="Jerome and Jeremiah Valeska">Jerome and Jeremiah Valeska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Titans_characters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Titans characters">Titans</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson_(Titans_character)" title="Dick Grayson (Titans character)">Dick Grayson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrowverse" title="Arrowverse">Arrowverse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Kane_(Arrowverse)" title="Kate Kane (Arrowverse)">Kate Kane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Batman_characters" title="Category:Batman characters">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Justice_League_characters" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Justice_League_characters" title="Template:Justice League characters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Justice_League_characters" title="Template talk:Justice League characters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Justice_League_characters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Justice League characters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Justice_League_characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">Justice League</a> characters</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founding <br />members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-New 52/<br />Rebirth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaman" title="Aquaman">Aquaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(Barry_Allen)" title="Flash (Barry Allen)">Flash / Barry Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Jordan" title="Hal Jordan">Green Lantern / Hal Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martian_Manhunter" title="Martian Manhunter">Martian Manhunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman" title="Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-New 52/<br />Rebirth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaman" title="Aquaman">Aquaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman" title="Batman">Batman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyborg_(DC_Comics)" title="Cyborg (DC Comics)">Cyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(Barry_Allen)" title="Flash (Barry Allen)">Flash / Barry Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Jordan" title="Hal Jordan">Green Lantern / Hal Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman" title="Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Justice_League_members" title="List of Justice League members">Recurring <br />members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Strange" title="Adam Strange">Adam Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agent_Liberty" title="Agent Liberty">Agent Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazing-Man_(DC_Comics)" title="Amazing-Man (DC Comics)">Amazing-Man / Will Everett III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambush_Bug" title="Ambush Bug">Ambush Bug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Man" title="Animal Man">Animal Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaldur%27ahm" title="Kaldur&#39;ahm">Aqualad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(character)" title="Atom (character)">Atom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ray_Palmer)" title="Atom (Ray Palmer)">Ray Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ryan_Choi)" title="Atom (Ryan Choi)">Ryan Choi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_Smasher_(DC_Comics)" title="Atom Smasher (DC Comics)">Atom Smasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztek_(character)" title="Aztek (character)">Aztek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gordon" title="Barbara Gordon">Batgirl/Oracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwing_(DC_Comics)" title="Batwing (DC Comics)">Batwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Kane" title="Kate Kane">Batwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Barda" title="Big Barda">Big Barda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Adam" title="Black Adam">Black Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canary_(Dinah_Laurel_Lance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Canary (Dinah Laurel Lance)">Black Canary / Dinah Laurel Lance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Condor" title="Black Condor">Black Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lightning" title="Black Lightning">Black Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Orchid_(character)" title="Black Orchid (character)">Black Orchid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloodwynd" title="Bloodwynd">Bloodwynd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booster_Gold" title="Booster Gold">Booster Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beetle" title="Blue Beetle">Blue Beetle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kord" title="Ted Kord">Ted Kord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beetle_(Jaime_Reyes)" title="Blue Beetle (Jaime Reyes)">Jaime Reyes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Devil_(DC_Comics)" title="Blue Devil (DC Comics)">Blue Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Jay_(character)" title="Blue Jay (character)">Blue Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulleteer" title="Bulleteer">Bulleteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Atom" title="Captain Atom">Captain Atom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_(DC_Comics)" title="Captain Marvel (DC Comics)">Captain Marvel / Shazam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catwoman" title="Catwoman">Catwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander_Steel" title="Commander Steel">Commander Steel / Hank Heywood III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congorilla" title="Congorilla">Congorilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Fox" title="Crimson Fox">Crimson Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detective_Chimp" title="Detective Chimp">Detective Chimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Fate" title="Doctor Fate">Dr Fate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Light_(Kimiyo_Hoshi)" title="Doctor Light (Kimiyo Hoshi)">Dr Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Troy" title="Donna Troy">Donna Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Element_Girl" title="Element Girl">Element Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elongated_Man" title="Elongated Man">Elongated Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrigan_the_Demon" title="Etrigan the Demon">Etrigan the Demon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_(comics)" title="Fire (comics)">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firestorm_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Firestorm (comics)">Firestorm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(DC_Comics_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (DC Comics character)">Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(Jay_Garrick)" title="Flash (Jay Garrick)">Jay Garrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_West" title="Wally West">Wally West</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Glory" title="General Glory">General Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo-Force" title="Geo-Force">Geo-Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godiva_(comics)" title="Godiva (comics)">Godiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Arrow" title="Green Arrow">Green Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lantern" title="Green Lantern">Green Lantern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gardner_(character)" title="Guy Gardner (character)">Guy Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jade_(DC_Comics)" title="Jade (DC Comics)">Jade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stewart_(character)" title="John Stewart (character)">John Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Rayner" title="Kyle Rayner">Kyle Rayner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Baz" title="Simon Baz">Simon Baz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Cruz" title="Jessica Cruz">Jessica Cruz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_(DC_Comics)" title="Guardian (DC Comics)">Guardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_(comics)" title="Gypsy (comics)">Gypsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman" title="Hawkman">Hawkman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman_(Carter_Hall)" title="Hawkman (Carter Hall)">Carter Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman_(Katar_Hol)" title="Hawkman (Katar Hol)">Katar Hol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkgirl" title="Hawkgirl">Hawkgirl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hawkwoman" title="Hawkwoman">Hawkwoman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiera_Sanders_Hall" title="Shiera Sanders Hall">Shiera Sanders Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayera_Hol" title="Shayera Hol">Shayera Hol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkgirl_(Kendra_Saunders)" title="Hawkgirl (Kendra Saunders)">Kendra Saunders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hourman" title="Hourman">Hourman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hourman_(Rick_Tyler)" title="Hourman (Rick Tyler)">Rick Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hourman_(android)" title="Hourman (android)">Matthew Tyler (Android)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntress_(Helena_Bertinelli)" title="Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)">Huntress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_(character)" title="Ice (character)">Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacier_(DC_Comics)" title="Glacier (DC Comics)">Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Chambers" title="Jesse Chambers">Jesse Quick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constantine" title="John Constantine">John Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Cain" title="Cassandra Cain">Kasumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katana_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Katana (comics)">Katana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightray_(character)" title="Lightray (character)">Lightray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobo_(DC_Comics)" title="Lobo (DC Comics)">Lobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Xanadu" title="Madame Xanadu">Madame Xanadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou_Dawn" title="Manitou Dawn">Manitou Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou_Raven" title="Manitou Raven">Manitou Raven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxima_(DC_Comics)" title="Maxima (DC Comics)">Maxima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(comics)" title="Maya (comics)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mera_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mera (comics)">Mera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorpho" title="Metamorpho">Metamorpho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Miracle" title="Mister Miracle">Mr Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Terrific_(character)" title="Mister Terrific (character)">Mr Terrific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Maiden_(character)" title="Moon Maiden (character)">Moon Maiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystek" title="Mystek">Mystek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_McDuffie" title="Naomi McDuffie">Naomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsidian_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Obsidian (comics)">Obsidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(character)" title="Orion (character)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora_(DC_Comics)" title="Pandora (DC Comics)">Pandora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Stranger" title="Phantom Stranger">Phantom Stranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Man" title="Plastic Man">Plastic Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Girl" title="Power Girl">Power Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_(character)" title="Question (character)">Question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_(DC_Comics)" title="Raven (DC Comics)">Raven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_(Ray_Terrill)" title="Ray (Ray Terrill)">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Harper_(character)" title="Roy Harper (character)">Red Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tornado" title="Red Tornado">Red Tornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Grayson" title="Dick Grayson">Robin/Nightwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Red" title="Rocket Red">Rocket Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shade,_the_Changing_Man" title="Shade, the Changing Man">Shade, the Changing Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Sorceress" title="Silver Sorceress">Silver Sorceress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapper_Carr" title="Snapper Carr">Snapper Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Teen_Titans)" title="Starfire (Teen Titans)">Starfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtney_Whitmore" title="Courtney Whitmore">Stargirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(DC_Comics)" title="Starman (DC Comics)">Starman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(Mikaal_Tomas)" title="Starman (Mikaal Tomas)">Mikaal Tomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(Prince_Gavyn)" title="Starman (Prince Gavyn)">Prince Gavyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(Will_Payton)" title="Starman (Will Payton)">Will Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(Jack_Knight)" title="Starman (Jack Knight)">Jack Knight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_(John_Henry_Irons)" title="Steel (John Henry Irons)">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super-Chief" title="Super-Chief">Super-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kent_(DC_Comics)" title="Jon Kent (DC Comics)">Superboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supergirl_(Kara_Zor-El)" title="Supergirl (Kara Zor-El)">Supergirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_Thing" title="Swamp Thing">Swamp Thing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Devil_(DC_Comics)" title="Tasmanian Devil (DC Comics)">Tasmanian Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomorrow_Woman" title="Tomorrow Woman">Tomorrow Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumph_(comics)" title="Triumph (comics)">Triumph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibe_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vibe (comics)">Vibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vixen_(comics)" title="Vixen (comics)">Vixen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yara_Flor" title="Yara Flor">Wonder Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zatanna" title="Zatanna">Zatanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zauriel" title="Zauriel">Zauriel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supporting<br />characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" title="Alfred Pennyworth">Alfred Pennyworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arella" title="Arella">Arella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.R.G.U.S." title="A.R.G.U.S.">A.R.G.U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Ferris" title="Carol Ferris">Carol Ferris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highfather" title="Highfather">Highfather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_West" title="Iris West">Iris West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(character)" title="Jim Gordon (character)">James Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Olsen" title="Jimmy Olsen">Jimmy Olsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Lane" title="Lois Lane">Lois Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Fox" title="Lucius Fox">Lucius Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pariah_(character)" title="Pariah (character)">Pariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_White" title="Perry White">Perry White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta_(DC_Comics)" title="Hippolyta (DC Comics)">Queen Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Trevor" title="Steve Trevor">Steve Trevor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Dibny" title="Sue Dibny">Sue Dibny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazons_(DC_Comics)" title="Amazons (DC Comics)">Amazonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantis_(Aquaman)" title="Atlantis (Aquaman)">Atlanteans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birds_of_Prey_(team)" title="Birds of Prey (team)">Birds of Prey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doom_Patrol" title="Doom Patrol">Doom Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotham_City_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotham City Police Department">GCPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Dark" title="Justice League Dark">Justice League Dark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Constantine" title="John Constantine">John Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deadman (comics)">Deadman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detective_Chimp" title="Detective Chimp">Detective Chimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrigan_the_Demon" title="Etrigan the Demon">Etrigan the Demon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_Thing" title="Swamp Thing">Swamp Thing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zatanna" title="Zatanna">Zatanna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Society_of_America" title="Justice Society of America">Justice Society of America</a></li> <li>Lantern Corps <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_the_Universe" title="Guardians of the Universe">Guardians of the Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamaron" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamaron">Zamarons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Lantern_Corps" title="Blue Lantern Corps">Blue Lantern Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lantern_Corps" title="Green Lantern Corps">Green Lantern Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_Tribe" title="Indigo Tribe">Indigo Tribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Lantern_Corps" title="White Lantern Corps">White Lantern Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Super-Heroes" title="Legion of Super-Heroes">Legion of Super-Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Family" title="Marvel Family">Marvel/Shazam Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Gods" title="New Gods">New Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(comics)" title="Outsiders (comics)">Outsiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.T.A.R._Labs" class="mw-redirect" title="S.T.A.R. Labs">S.T.A.R. Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Titans" title="Teen Titans">Teen Titans</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starfire_(Teen_Titans)" title="Starfire (Teen Titans)">Starfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beast_Boy" title="Beast Boy">Beast Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyborg_(DC_Comics)" title="Cyborg (DC Comics)">Cyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_(DC_Comics)" title="Raven (DC Comics)">Raven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Justice" title="Young Justice">Young Justice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neutral allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Waller" title="Amanda Waller">Amanda Waller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Adam" title="Black Adam">Black Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Cold" title="Captain Cold">Captain Cold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein_(DC_Comics)" title="Frankenstein (DC Comics)">Frankenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Hex" title="Jonah Hex">Jonah Hex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Frost" title="Killer Frost">Killer Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larfleeze" title="Larfleeze">Larfleeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobo_(DC_Comics)" title="Lobo (DC Comics)">Lobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Quinn" title="Harley Quinn">Harley Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poison_Ivy_(character)" title="Poison Ivy (character)">Poison Ivy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Sapphire_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Sapphire (character)">Star Sapphire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_Squad" title="Suicide Squad">Suicide Squad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Justice_League_enemies" title="List of Justice League enemies">Enemies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central<br /> rogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazo" title="Amazo">Amazo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Monitor" title="Anti-Monitor">Anti-Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Adam" title="Black Adam">Black Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Manta" title="Black Manta">Black Manta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brainiac_(character)" title="Brainiac (character)">Brainiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Cold" title="Captain Cold">Captain Cold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah_(character)" title="Cheetah (character)">Cheetah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkseid" title="Darkseid">Darkseid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathstroke" title="Deathstroke">Deathstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despero" title="Despero">Despero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Destiny" title="Doctor Destiny">Doctor Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Light_(Arthur_Light)" title="Doctor Light (Arthur Light)">Doctor Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doomsday_(DC_Comics)" title="Doomsday (DC Comics)">Doomsday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipso" title="Eclipso">Eclipso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Faust" title="Felix Faust">Felix Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Grodd" title="Gorilla Grodd">Gorilla Grodd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(character)" title="Joker (character)">Joker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjar_Ro" title="Kanjar Ro">Kanjar Ro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lex_Luthor" title="Lex Luthor">Lex Luthor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libra_(DC_Comics)" title="Libra (DC Comics)">Libra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongul" title="Mongul">Mongul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekron" title="Nekron">Nekron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neron_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neron (DC Comics)">Neron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Ivo" title="Professor Ivo">Professor Ivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_(DC_Comics)" title="Prometheus (DC Comics)">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Bee_(comics)" title="Queen Bee (comics)">Queen Bee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Fables" title="Queen of Fables">Queen of Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinestro" title="Sinestro">Sinestro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starro" title="Starro">Starro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppenwolf_(character)" title="Steppenwolf (character)">Steppenwolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._O._Morrow" title="T. O. Morrow">T. O. Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigon_(comics)" title="Trigon (comics)">Trigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Humanite" title="Ultra-Humanite">Ultra-Humanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandal_Savage" title="Vandal Savage">Vandal Savage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br /> supervillains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Fortune_(comics)" title="Amos Fortune (comics)">Amos Fortune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hand_(character)" title="Black Hand (character)">Black Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(DC_Comics)" title="Blockbuster (DC Comics)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brain_Storm_(character)" title="Brain Storm (character)">Brain Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe_(character)" title="Circe (character)">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graves_(character)" title="David Graves (character)">David Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Polaris" title="Doctor Polaris">Doctor Polaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Sivana" title="Doctor Sivana">Doctor Sivana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch_(DC_Comics)" title="Epoch (DC Comics)">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funky_Flashman" title="Funky Flashman">Funky Flashman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamemnae" title="Gamemnae">Gamemnae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Wade_Eiling" title="General Wade Eiling">General Wade Eiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_Ghost" title="Gentleman Ghost">Gentleman Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_(DC_Comics)" title="Gog (DC Comics)">Gog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyathis" title="Hyathis">Hyathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperiex" title="Imperiex">Imperiex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_(character)" title="Key (character)">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Kull_(DC_Comics)" title="King Kull (DC Comics)">King Kull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alefa%27ak" title="Ma&#39;alefa&#39;ak">Ma'alefa'ak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magog_(DC_Comics)" title="Magog (DC Comics)">Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Black" title="Manchester Black">Manchester Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manga_Khan" title="Manga Khan">Manga Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhunter_(Mark_Shaw)" title="Manhunter (Mark Shaw)">Manhunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_Master" title="Matter Master">Matter Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Lord" title="Maxwell Lord">Maxwell Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_(DC_Comics)" title="Merlyn (DC Comics)">Merlyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgaine_le_Fey_(DC_Comics)" title="Morgaine le Fey (DC Comics)">Morgaine le Fey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebula_Man" title="Nebula Man">Nebula Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMAC_(comics)" title="OMAC (comics)">OMAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragon_(DC_Comics)" title="Paragon (DC Comics)">Paragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Degaton" title="Per Degaton">Per Degaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_al_Ghul" title="Ra&#39;s al Ghul">Ra's al Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Khan" title="Rama Khan">Rama Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_King_(DC_Comics)" title="Red King (DC Comics)">Red King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eobard_Thawne" title="Eobard Thawne">Reverse-Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_Man_(comics)" title="Shaggy Man (comics)">Shaggy Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(DC_Comics)" title="Siren (DC Comics)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(DC_Comics)" title="Solaris (DC Comics)">Solaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Grundy_(character)" title="Solomon Grundy (character)">Solomon Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonar_(comics)" title="Sonar (comics)">Sonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starbreaker_(comics)" title="Starbreaker (comics)">Starbreaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_Master" title="Weapons Master">Weapons Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_Wizard" title="Weather Wizard">Weather Wizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_(DC_Comics)" title="Wizard (DC Comics)">Wizard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_Brigade" title="Aryan Brigade">Aryan Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_Amerika" title="Axis Amerika">Axis Amerika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_of_Evil" title="Brotherhood of Evil">Brotherhood of Evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadre_(comics)" title="Cadre (comics)">Cadre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_Syndicate_of_America" title="Crime Syndicate of America">Crime Syndicate of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkseid%27s_Elite" class="mw-redirect" title="Darkseid&#39;s Elite">Darkseid's Elite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearsome_Five" title="Fearsome Five">Fearsome Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_Furies" title="Female Furies">Female Furies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injustice_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Injustice League">Injustice League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobra_(DC_Comics)" title="Kobra (DC Comics)">Kobra</a></li> <li>Lantern Corps <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lantern_Corps" title="Black Lantern Corps">Black Lantern Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Lantern_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange Lantern Corps">Orange Lantern Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lantern_Corps" title="Red Lantern Corps">Red Lantern Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinestro_Corps" title="Sinestro Corps">Sinestro Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Assassins" title="League of Assassins">League of Assassins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Doom" title="Legion of Doom">Legion of Doom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhunters_(DC_Comics)" title="Manhunters (DC Comics)">Manhunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parademon" class="mw-redirect" title="Parademon">Parademons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Zone" title="Phantom Zone">Phantom Zone</a> Villains</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogues_(comics)" title="Rogues (comics)">Rogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Flush_Gang" title="Royal Flush Gang">Royal Flush Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Six_(comics)" title="Secret Six (comics)">Secret Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Society_of_Super_Villains" title="Secret Society of Super Villains">Secret Society of Super Villains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Martian" title="White Martian">White Martians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative<br />versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate versions<br />of the Justice League</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Justice" title="Extreme Justice">Extreme Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just%27a_Lotta_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Just&#39;a Lotta Animals">Just'a Lotta Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Guild_of_America" title="Justice Guild of America">Justice Guild of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_3000" title="Justice League 3000">Justice League 3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Dark" title="Justice League Dark">Justice League Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Elite" title="Justice League Elite">Justice League Elite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Europe" title="Justice League Europe">Justice League Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_International" title="Justice League International">Justice League International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Queer" title="Justice League Queer">Justice League Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_Task_Force_(comics)" title="Justice League Task Force (comics)">Justice League Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_United" title="Justice League United">Justice League United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Legion_Alpha" title="Justice Legion Alpha">Justice Legion Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Lords" title="Justice Lords">Justice Lords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Buddies" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Buddies">Super Buddies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Jrs." title="Super Jrs.">Super Jrs.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Justice" title="Young Justice">Young Justice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_versions_of_Superman" title="Alternative versions of Superman">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_versions_of_Wonder_Woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative versions of Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Justice_League_in_other_media" title="Justice League in other media">In other<br /> media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="DC_Extended_Universe" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DC_Extended_Universe" title="DC Extended Universe">DC Extended Universe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superman_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Superman (DC Extended Universe)">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wayne_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Bruce Wayne (DC Extended Universe)">Batman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Prince_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Diana Prince (DC Extended Universe)">Wonder Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Allen_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Barry Allen (DC Extended Universe)">Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Curry_(DC_Extended_Universe)" title="Arthur Curry (DC Extended Universe)">Aquaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Stone_(DC_Extended_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Stone (DC Extended Universe)">Cyborg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Justice_League" title="Category:Justice League">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#fad67d"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" title="Template:Golden Age of Comic Books"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" title="Template talk:Golden Age of Comic Books"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Age of Comic Books"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books" title="Golden Age of Comic Books">Golden Age of Comic Books</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ace_Magazines" title="Ace Magazines">Ace Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Courageous_(comics)" title="Captain Courageous (comics)">Captain Courageous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Nemesis" title="Doctor Nemesis">Doctor Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Flag_(Ace_Comics)" title="The Flag (Ace Comics)">The Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lash_Lightning" title="Lash Lightning">Lash Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_(Ace_Comics)" title="Raven (Ace Comics)">The Raven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unknown_Soldier_(Ace_Comics)" title="Unknown Soldier (Ace Comics)">Unknown Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(Ace_Comics)" title="Vulcan (Ace Comics)">Vulcan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/All-American_Publications" title="All-American Publications">All-American<br />Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(character)" title="Atom (character)">The Atom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Al_Pratt)" title="Atom (Al Pratt)">Al Pratt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canary" title="Black Canary">Black Canary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canary_(Dinah_Drake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Canary (Dinah Drake)">Dinah Drake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Mid-Nite" title="Doctor Mid-Nite">Doctor Mid-Nite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_McNider" title="Charles McNider">Charles McNider</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doiby_Dickles" title="Doiby Dickles">Doiby Dickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(DC_Comics_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (DC Comics character)">The Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(Jay_Garrick)" title="Flash (Jay Garrick)">Jay Garrick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Ghost" title="Gay Ghost">The Gay Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lantern" title="Green Lantern">Green Lantern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Scott" title="Alan Scott">Alan Scott</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkgirl" title="Hawkgirl">Hawkgirl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiera_Sanders_Hall" title="Shiera Sanders Hall">Shiera Sanders Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman" title="Hawkman">Hawkman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawkman_(Carter_Hall)" title="Hawkman (Carter Hall)">Carter Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hop_Harrigan" title="Hop Harrigan">Hop Harrigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Thunder" title="Johnny Thunder">Johnny Thunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Society_of_America" title="Justice Society of America">Justice Society of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Standish" title="King Standish">The King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Terrific_(character)" title="Mister Terrific (character)">Mister Terrific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Terrific_(Terry_Sloane)" title="Mister Terrific (Terry Sloane)">Terry Sloane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_Perkins" class="mw-redirect" title="Neptune Perkins">Neptune Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Hunkel" title="Ma Hunkel">Red Tornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargon_the_Sorcerer" title="Sargon the Sorcerer">Sargon the Sorcerer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrific_Whatzit" title="Terrific Whatzit">The Terrific Whatzit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(DC_Comics)" title="Thunderbolt (DC Comics)">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Man" title="Ultra-Man">Ultra-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whip (comics)">The Whip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(DC_Comics)" title="Wildcat (DC Comics)">Wildcat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(Ted_Grant)" title="Wildcat (Ted Grant)">Ted Grant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman" title="Wonder Woman">Wonder Woman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana Prince">Diana Prince</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Centaur_Publications" title="Centaur Publications">Centaur Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airman_(character)" title="Airman (character)">Airman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazing-Man_(Centaur_Publications)" title="Amazing-Man (Centaur Publications)">Amazing-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrow (comics)">The Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock_(character)" title="Clock (character)">The Clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_(Centaur_Publications)" title="Eye (Centaur Publications)">The Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantom_of_the_Fair" title="Fantom of the Fair">Fantom of the Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magician_from_Mars" title="Magician from Mars">Magician from Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masked_Marvel_(Centaur_Publications)" title="Masked Marvel (Centaur Publications)">The Masked Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimidget" title="Minimidget">Minimidget</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Comics" title="Charlton Comics">Charlton Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Mouse" title="Atomic Mouse">Atomic Mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Atom" title="Captain Atom">Captain Atom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightshade_(DC_Comics)" title="Nightshade (DC Comics)">Nightshade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Muscles" title="Mr. Muscles">Mr. Muscles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_Boy_(comics)" title="Nature Boy (comics)">Nature Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Adventures_(comics)" title="Space Adventures (comics)">Space Adventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellowjacket_(Charlton_Comics)" title="Yellowjacket (Charlton Comics)">Yellowjacket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dell_Comics" title="Dell Comics">Dell Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Hormone" title="Doctor Hormone">Doctor Hormone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_Gordon" title="Flash Gordon">Flash Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_(Dell_Comics)" title="Owl (Dell Comics)">The Owl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantasmo" title="Phantasmo">Phantasmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Supermind_and_Son" title="Professor Supermind and Son">Supermind's Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorro" title="Zorro">Zorro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fawcett_Comics" title="Fawcett Comics">Fawcett Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulletman_and_Bulletgirl" title="Bulletman and Bulletgirl">Bulletgirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulletman_and_Bulletgirl" title="Bulletman and Bulletgirl">Bulletman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_(DC_Comics)" title="Captain Marvel (DC Comics)">Captain Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_Jr." title="Captain Marvel Jr.">Captain Marvel Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Midnight" title="Captain Midnight">Captain Midnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiz_Comics" title="Whiz Comics">Dan Dare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoppy_the_Marvel_Bunny" title="Hoppy the Marvel Bunny">Hoppy the Marvel Bunny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibis_the_Invincible" title="Ibis the Invincible">Ibis the Invincible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Marvels" title="Lieutenant Marvels">Lieutenant Marvels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Family" title="Marvel Family">Marvel Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Marvel" title="Mary Marvel">Mary Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Man_(Fawcett_Comics)" title="Master Man (Fawcett Comics)">Master Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minute-Man" title="Minute-Man">Minute-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Scarlet_and_Pinky_the_Whiz_Kid" title="Mr. Scarlet and Pinky the Whiz Kid">Mr. Scarlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyoka_the_Jungle_Girl" title="Nyoka the Jungle Girl">Nyoka the Jungle Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Eagle" title="Phantom Eagle">Phantom Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Scarlet_and_Pinky_the_Whiz_Kid" title="Mr. Scarlet and Pinky the Whiz Kid">Pinky the Whiz Kid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoop_Smith" title="Scoop Smith">Scoop Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_Smasher" title="Spy Smasher">Spy Smasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squadron_of_Justice" title="Squadron of Justice">Squadron of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Marvel" title="Uncle Marvel">Uncle Marvel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fox_Feature_Syndicate" title="Fox Feature Syndicate">Fox Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Fury_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Fury (comics)">Black Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beetle" title="Blue Beetle">Blue Beetle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beetle_(Dan_Garrett)" title="Blue Beetle (Dan Garrett)">Dan Garret</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouncer_(Fox_Feature_Syndicate)" title="Bouncer (Fox Feature Syndicate)">The Bouncer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Man" title="Bronze Man">Bronze Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_(Fox_Feature_Syndicate)" title="Dynamo (Fox Feature Syndicate)">Dynamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_(comics)" title="Flame (comics)">The Flame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Mask" title="Green Mask">Green Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moth_(character)" title="Moth (character)">The Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samson_(Fox_Feature_Syndicate)" title="Samson (Fox Feature Syndicate)">Samson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardust_the_Super_Wizard" title="Stardust the Super Wizard">Stardust the Super Wizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Jones">U.S. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Man_(Fox_Publications)" title="Wonder Man (Fox Publications)">Wonder Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Cat_(Harvey_Comics)" title="Black Cat (Harvey Comics)">Black Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_3-D" title="Captain 3-D">Captain 3-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Freedom" title="Captain Freedom">Captain Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hornet" title="Green Hornet">Green Hornet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisible_Scarlet_O%27Neil" title="Invisible Scarlet O&#39;Neil">Invisible Scarlet O'Neil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kato_(The_Green_Hornet)" title="Kato (The Green Hornet)">Kato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_Gibson" title="Shock Gibson">Shock Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_%2776_(Harvey_Comics)" title="Spirit of &#39;76 (Harvey Comics)">Spirit of '76</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lev_Gleason_Publications" title="Lev Gleason Publications">Lev Gleason<br />Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Battle" title="Captain Battle">Captain Battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claw_(Lev_Gleason_Publications)" title="Claw (Lev Gleason Publications)">Claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimebuster_(Boy_Comics)" title="Crimebuster (Boy Comics)">Crimebuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daredevil_(Lev_Gleason_Publications)" title="Daredevil (Lev Gleason Publications)">Daredevil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Wise_Guys" title="Little Wise Guys">Little Wise Guys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Streak_(character)" title="Silver Streak (character)">Silver Streak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archie_Comics" title="Archie Comics">MLJ Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hood" title="Black Hood">The Black Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Phantom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Phantom">Bob Phantom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Flag" title="Captain Flag">Captain Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_(Archie_Comics)" title="Comet (Archie Comics)">The Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(Archie_Comics)" title="Firefly (Archie Comics)">The Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_(comics)" title="Fox (comics)">The Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangman_(Archie_Comics)" title="Hangman (Archie Comics)">The Hangman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rang-a-Tang_the_Wonder_Dog" title="Rang-a-Tang the Wonder Dog">Rang-a-Tang the Wonder Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_(Archie_Comics)" title="Shield (Archie Comics)">The Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Duck" title="Super Duck">Super Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_(character)" title="Web (character)">The Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_(Archie_Comics)" title="Wizard (Archie Comics)">The Wizard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Comics_Publications" title="National Comics Publications">National Allied<br />Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_the_Bat-Hound" title="Ace the Bat-Hound">Ace the Bat-Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wave" title="Air Wave">Air Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaman" title="Aquaman">Aquaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(Earth-Two)" title="Batman (Earth-Two)">Batman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batwoman_(Kathy_Kane)" title="Batwoman (Kathy Kane)">Batwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Pirate" title="Black Pirate">Black Pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boy_Commandos" title="Boy Commandos">Boy Commandos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Comet" title="Captain Comet">Captain Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_KL-99" title="Chris KL-99">Chris KL-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congorilla" title="Congorilla">Congo Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Avenger" title="Crimson Avenger">Crimson Avenger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Avenger_(Lee_Travis)" title="Crimson Avenger (Lee Travis)">Lee Travis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_the_Dyna-Mite" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan the Dyna-Mite">Dan the Dyna-Mite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Ranger" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark Ranger">Dark Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detective_Chimp" title="Detective Chimp">Detective Chimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Fate" title="Doctor Fate">Doctor Fate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Fate_(Kent_Nelson)" title="Doctor Fate (Kent Nelson)">Kent Nelson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Occult" title="Doctor Occult">Doctor Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_Jones" title="Genius Jones">Genius Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merry_Pemberton" title="Merry Pemberton">Gimmick Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Arrow" title="Green Arrow">Green Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_(DC_Comics)" title="Guardian (DC Comics)">Guardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hourman" title="Hourman">Hourman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hourman_(Rex_Tyler)" title="Hourman (Rex Tyler)">Rex Tyler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Quick_(Johnny_Chambers)" title="Johnny Quick (Johnny Chambers)">Johnny Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Faraday" title="King Faraday">King Faraday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_(DC_Comics)" title="Knight (DC Comics)">The Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krypto" title="Krypto">Krypto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Belle_(comics)" title="Liberty Belle (comics)">Liberty Belle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhunter_(comics)" title="Manhunter (comics)">Manhunter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manhunter_(Paul_Kirk)" title="Manhunter (Paul Kirk)">Paul Kirk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martian_Manhunter" title="Martian Manhunter">Martian Manhunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_X_(character)" title="Miss X (character)">Miss X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Thompson" title="Tex Thompson">Mr. America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsboy_Legion" title="Newsboy Legion">Newsboy Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Stranger" title="Phantom Stranger">Phantom Stranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_the_Wonder_Dog" title="Rex the Wonder Dog">Rex the Wonder Dog</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robin_(Earth-Two)" title="Robin (Earth-Two)">Dick Grayson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotman_(Robert_Crane)" title="Robotman (Robert Crane)">Robotman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Psychic" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Psychic">Rose Psychic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandman_(DC_Comics)" title="Sandman (DC Comics)">Sandman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandman_(Wesley_Dodds)" title="Sandman (Wesley Dodds)">Wesley Dodds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hawkins" title="Sandy Hawkins">Sandy the Golden Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Soldiers_of_Victory" title="Seven Soldiers of Victory">Seven Soldiers of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Knight" title="Shining Knight">Shining Knight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Knight_(Sir_Justin)" title="Shining Knight (Sir Justin)">Sir Justin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slam_Bradley" title="Slam Bradley">Slam Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectre_(DC_Comics_character)" title="Spectre (DC Comics character)">The Spectre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Corrigan" title="Jim Corrigan">Jim Corrigan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedy_(DC_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Speedy (DC Comics)">Speedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Harper_(character)" title="Roy Harper (character)">Roy Harper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squire_(character)" title="Squire (character)">Squire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star-Spangled_Kid" title="Star-Spangled Kid">Star-Spangled Kid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Pemberton" title="Sylvester Pemberton">Sylvester Pemberton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(DC_Comics)" title="Starman (DC Comics)">Starman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starman_(Ted_Knight)" title="Starman (Ted Knight)">Ted Knight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Dugan" title="Pat Dugan">Stripesy</a></li> <li>Stuff the Chinatown Kid</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superboy" title="Superboy">Superboy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superboy_(Kal-El)" title="Superboy (Kal-El)">Kal-El</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman_(Earth-Two)" title="Superman (Earth-Two)">Superman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superwoman" title="Superwoman">Superwoman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Lane" title="Lois Lane">Lois Lane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantula_(DC_Comics)" title="Tarantula (DC Comics)">Tarantula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNT_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="TNT (comics)">TNT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tomorrow" title="Tommy Tomorrow">Tommy Tomorrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vigilante (comics)">Vigilante</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Saunders" title="Greg Saunders">Greg Saunders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman_(Earth-Two)" title="Wonder Woman (Earth-Two)">Wonder Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zatara" title="Zatara">Zatara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Comics" title="Standard Comics">Nedor Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Crusader" title="American Crusader">American Crusader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Eagle_(Standard_Comics)" title="American Eagle (Standard Comics)">American Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Terror" title="Black Terror">Black Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Future_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Captain Future (Nedor Comics)">Captain Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Strange" title="Doc Strange">Doc Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Yank" title="Fighting Yank">Fighting Yank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Ghost (Nedor Comics)">The Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grim_Reaper_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Grim Reaper (Nedor Comics)">Grim Reaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_of_the_Jungle" title="Judy of the Jungle">Judy of the Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Comics" title="Standard Comics">Kara the Jungle Princess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Lewis,_Space_Detective" title="Lance Lewis, Space Detective">Lance Lewis, Space Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberator_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Liberator (Nedor Comics)">Liberator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnet_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Magnet (Nedor Comics)">The Magnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Masque" title="Miss Masque">Miss Masque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Pantha" title="Princess Pantha">Princess Pantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyroman" title="Pyroman">Pyroman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarab_(Nedor_Comics)" title="Scarab (Nedor Comics)">The Scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_in_Red_(comics)" title="Woman in Red (comics)">The Woman in Red</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Novelty_Press" title="Novelty Press">Novelty Press</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bolt" title="Blue Bolt">Blue Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Dick_Cole" title="The Adventures of Dick Cole">Dick Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_and_the_Targeteers" title="Target and the Targeteers">The Target</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_and_the_Targeteers" title="Target and the Targeteers">The Targeteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twister_(comics)" title="Twister (comics)">The Twister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crestwood_Publications" title="Crestwood Publications">Prize<br />Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atomic-Man" title="Atomic-Man">Atomic-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Owl" title="Black Owl">Black Owl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_American" title="Fighting American">Fighting American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lama" title="Green Lama">Green Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yank_%26_Doodle" title="Yank &amp; Doodle">Yank &amp; Doodle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quality_Comics" title="Quality Comics">Quality Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quality_Comics_characters##711" title="List of Quality Comics characters">#711</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Condor" title="Black Condor">The Black Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhawk_(DC_Comics)" title="Blackhawk (DC Comics)">Blackhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quality_Comics_characters#Blue_Tracer" title="List of Quality Comics characters">Blue Tracer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozo_the_Iron_Man" title="Bozo the Iron Man">Bozo the Iron Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Triumph" title="Captain Triumph">Captain Triumph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doll_Girl" title="Doll Girl">Doll Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doll_Man" title="Doll Man">Doll Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebrand_(DC_Comics)" title="Firebrand (DC Comics)">Firebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Bomb" title="Human Bomb">The Human Bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisible_Hood" title="Invisible Hood">Invisible Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jester_(Quality_Comics)" title="Jester (Quality Comics)">The Jester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kid_Eternity" title="Kid Eternity">Kid Eternity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Luck_(comics)" title="Lady Luck (comics)">Lady Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Fatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Madame Fatal">Madame Fatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quality_Comics_characters#Magno_the_Magnetic_Man" title="List of Quality Comics characters">Magno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhunter_(comics)" title="Manhunter (comics)">Manhunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_the_Magician_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merlin the Magician (comics)">Merlin the Magician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_(DC_Comics)" title="Midnight (DC Comics)">Midnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_America_(DC_Comics)" title="Miss America (DC Comics)">Miss America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Fear_(character)" title="Miss Fear (character)">Miss Fear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quality_Comics_characters#Mouthpiece" title="List of Quality Comics characters">Mouthpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neon_the_Unknown" title="Neon the Unknown">Neon the Unknown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Lady" title="Phantom Lady">Phantom Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Man" title="Plastic Man">Plastic Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Mercury" title="Max Mercury">Quicksilver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_(DC_Comics)" title="Ray (DC Comics)">The Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Bee_(character)" title="Red Bee (character)">Red Bee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Torpedo" title="Red Torpedo">Red Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_(DC_Comics)" title="Spider (DC Comics)">The Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_Widow" title="Spider Widow">Spider Widow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam_(comics)" title="Uncle Sam (comics)">Uncle Sam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_(Carol_Vance_Martin)" title="Wildfire (Carol Vance Martin)">Wildfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Boy_(character)" title="Wonder Boy (character)">Wonder Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woozy_Winks" title="Woozy Winks">Woozy Winks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timely_Comics" title="Timely Comics">Timely Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Winners_Squad" title="All-Winners Squad">All-Winners Squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_A#American_Ace" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: A">American Ace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_(Thomas_Halloway)" title="Angel (Thomas Halloway)">The Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Marvel" title="Black Marvel">Black Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Widow_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Black Widow (Marvel Comics)">Black Widow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Widow_(Claire_Voyant)" title="Black Widow (Claire Voyant)">Claire Voyant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blazing_Skull" title="Blazing Skull">Blazing Skull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blonde_Phantom" title="Blonde Phantom">Blonde Phantom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_B#Blue_Blade" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: B">Blue Blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Diamond_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Diamond (comics)">Blue Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breeze_Barton" title="Breeze Barton">Breeze Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucky_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Bucky (Marvel Comics)">Bucky</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bucky_Barnes" title="Bucky Barnes">Bucky Barnes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_America" title="Captain America">Captain America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Wonder_(Timely_Comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Wonder (Timely Comics)">Captain Wonder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenger_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Challenger (comics)">The Challenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_V" title="Citizen V">Citizen V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Destroyer (Marvel Comics)">The Destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_D#Dynamic_Man" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: D">Dynamic Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Time_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Father Time (Marvel Comics)">Father Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_F#Ferret" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: F">The Ferret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_F#Fiery_Mask" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: F">Fiery Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fin_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fin (comics)">The Fin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betsy_Ross_(character)" title="Betsy Ross (character)">Golden Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Torch_(android)" title="Human Torch (android)">The Human Torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Jack Frost (Marvel Comics)">Jack Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_L#Laughing_Mask" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: L">Laughing Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Marvel Boy">Marvel Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makkari_(comics)" title="Makkari (comics)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_America_(Madeline_Joyce)" title="Miss America (Madeline Joyce)">Miss America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Fury" title="Miss Fury">Miss Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_M#Mister_E" title="List of Marvel Comics characters: M">Mister E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namor" title="Namor">Namor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namora" title="Namora">Namora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Mace" title="Jeffrey Mace">The Patriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Reporter" title="Phantom Reporter">Phantom Reporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Raven_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Red Raven (Marvel Comics)">Red Raven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockman_(comics)" title="Rockman (comics)">Rockman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Scorpion" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Scorpion">Silver Scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Girl_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Sun Girl (Marvel Comics)">Sun Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Rabbit" title="Super Rabbit">Super Rabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thin_Man_(comics)" title="Thin Man (comics)">Thin Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderer_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Thunderer (Marvel Comics)">Thunderer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Mulrooney" class="mw-redirect" title="Tim Mulrooney">Tim Mulrooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toro_(comics)" title="Toro (comics)">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Venus (Marvel Comics)">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(Timely_Comics)" title="Vision (Timely Comics)">The Vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whizzer_(comics)" title="Whizzer (comics)">The Whizzer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whizzer_(Robert_Frank)" title="Whizzer (Robert Frank)">Robert Frank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witness_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Witness (comics)">The Witness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Allies_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Young Allies (Marvel Comics)">Young Allies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#fad67d;width:1%">Misc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Comics_Group" title="American Comics Group">American Comics Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superkatt" title="Superkatt">Superkatt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-American_Publishing" title="Anglo-American Publishing">Anglo-American Publishing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander_Steel_(Anglo-American)" title="Commander Steel (Anglo-American)">Commander Steel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Publications" title="Atlas Publications">Atlas Publications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Atom_(Atlas_Publications)" title="Captain Atom (Atlas Publications)">Captain Atom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Features" title="Bell Features">Bell Features</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Brain_(Bell_comics)" title="The Brain (Bell comics)">The Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Canuck" title="Johnny Canuck">Johnny Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelvana_of_the_Northern_Lights" title="Nelvana of the Northern Lights">Nelvana of the Northern Lights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardal_Publishing" title="Cardal Publishing">Cardal Publishing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Streamline_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Streamline (comics)">Streamline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Comics" title="Columbia Comics">Columbia Comics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Face_(character)" title="Face (character)">The Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyman_(Columbia_Comics)" title="Skyman (Columbia Comics)">Skyman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McKay_Publications" title="David McKay Publications">David McKay Publications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandrake_the_Magician" title="Mandrake the Magician">Mandrake the Magician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_(character)" title="Phantom (character)">The Phantom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC_Thomson" title="DC Thomson">DC Thomson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Mr_X_(comics)" title="The Amazing Mr X (comics)">The Amazing Mr X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Flash" title="Jack Flash">Jack Flash</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_%22A%22_Chesler" title="Harry &quot;A&quot; Chesler">Dynamic Publications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Man_(Dynamic_Publications)" title="Dynamic Man (Dynamic Publications)">Dynamic Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Girl" title="Yankee Girl">Yankee Girl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Color_Printing" title="Eastern Color Printing">Eastern Color Printing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Rogers" title="Buck Rogers">Buck Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroman" title="Hydroman">Hydroman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Patsy" title="The Adventures of Patsy">Phantom Magician</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EC_Comics" title="EC Comics">EC Comics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Girl_(EC_Comics)" title="Moon Girl (EC Comics)">Moon Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superduperman" title="Superduperman">Superduperman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Publishing_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Elliot Publishing Company">Elliot Publishing Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kismet,_Man_of_Fate" title="Kismet, Man of Fate">Kismet, Man of Fate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiction_House" title="Fiction House">Fiction House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantomah" title="Fantomah">Fantomah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillman_Periodicals" title="Hillman Periodicals">Hillman Periodicals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airboy" title="Airboy">Airboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heap_(comics)" title="Heap (comics)">The Heap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyoke_Publishing" title="Holyoke Publishing">Holyoke Publishing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat-Man_and_Kitten" title="Cat-Man and Kitten">Cat-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat-Man_and_Kitten" title="Cat-Man and Kitten">Kitten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Victory" title="Miss Victory">Miss Victory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Miller_%26_Son,_Ltd." title="L. Miller &amp; Son, Ltd.">L. Miller &amp; Son, Ltd.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kid_Marvelman" class="mw-redirect" title="Kid Marvelman">Kid Marvelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvelman" title="Marvelman">Marvelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Marvelman" title="Young Marvelman">Young Marvelman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine_Enterprises" title="Magazine Enterprises">Magazine Enterprises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funnyman_(comics)" title="Funnyman (comics)">Funnyman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Publishing" title="Maple Leaf Publishing">Maple Leaf Publishing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brok_Windsor" title="Brok Windsor">Brok Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man_(Canadian_comics)" title="Iron Man (Canadian comics)">Iron Man</a></li></ul></li> <li>Rural Home Publications <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Turtle_(comics)" title="Green Turtle (comics)">Green Turtle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_%26_Smith" title="Street &amp; Smith">Street &amp; Smith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenger_(pulp-magazine_character)" title="Avenger (pulp-magazine character)">The Avenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Savage" title="Doc Savage">Doc Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow" title="The Shadow">The Shadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supersnipe" title="Supersnipe">Supersnipe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59996#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59996#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59996#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/296640205">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjwhxPgPvxJ9YMFdBmFJCP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1031801723">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2015006116">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007537382905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1031801723">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by 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