HRC | 2024 Report on the Experiences of Parents of Transgender and…

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</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="justify-between px-24 pt-16 pb-48 xs:px-32 md:flex md:px-48 lg:ml-16 lg:px-96 xl:pr-28" data-label="partial-table-of-contents" x-ref="tableOfContents" > <div class="md:flex"> <div class="hidden xl-d:flex-shrink-0 md:w-230 md:mr-32 md:block lg:w-320 lg:mr-64"> <img alt="" class="block w-full shadow-lg" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271292%27%20height%3D%271765%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_TOCreportcover-2.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&fillTransforms=1&fit=clip&q=90&w=320&s=38fe97ad26cb843061e514bdd1dcd737 320w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_TOCreportcover-2.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&fillTransforms=1&fit=clip&q=90&w=960&s=b0638c64234c65994f42b4ccaa4af579 960w" width="1292" height="1765" > </div><nav class="max-w-full w-450"> <h2 class="mb-20 md-d:hidden text-theme-headline-default-magenta-500 heading-32">What's Inside:</h2> <ul class="w-full"> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#introduction" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Introduction" >Introduction</a> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#child-demographics" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Demographics" >Child Demographics</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-age" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Age" >Child Age</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-gender-identity" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Gender Identity" >Child Gender Identity</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#gender-identity-milestones" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Identity Milestones" >Gender Identity Milestones</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#first-display-of-gender-non-conforming-behavior" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|First Display of Gender Non-Conforming Behavior" >First Display of Gender Non-Conforming Behavior</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#age-of-gender-identity-disclosure" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Age of Gender Identity Disclosure" >Age of Gender Identity Disclosure</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#early-parental-support-and-resource-use" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Early Parental Support and Resource Use" >Early Parental Support and Resource Use</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#parent-mental-health" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Parent Mental Health" >Parent Mental Health</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#child-experiences-at-school" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Experiences at School" >Child Experiences at School</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#school-type" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|School Type" >School Type</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#school-policies-and-practices" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|School Policies and Practices" >School Policies and Practices</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#gender-support-plans" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Support Plans" >Gender Support Plans</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#perceived-school-support-for-child" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Perceived School Support for Child" >Perceived School Support for Child</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#inclusive-school-practices" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Inclusive School Practices" >Inclusive School Practices</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#bullying" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Bullying" >Bullying</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#gender-affirming-health-care" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Affirming Health Care" >Gender Affirming Health Care</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-chronic-health-conditions" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Chronic Health Conditions" >Child Chronic Health Conditions</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-mental-health" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Mental Health" >Child Mental Health</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#gender-affirming-care" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender-Affirming Care" >Gender-Affirming Care</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#health-insurance-coverage" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Health Insurance Coverage" >Health Insurance Coverage</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#family-and-advocacy" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Family and Advocacy" >Family and Advocacy</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#awareness-of-nondiscrimination-protections" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections" >Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#exposure-to-anti-transgender-legislation" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation" >Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#identity-documents" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Identity Documents" >Identity Documents</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#advocacy-and-engagement" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Advocacy and Engagement" >Advocacy and Engagement</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#resource-needs" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Resource Needs" >Resource Needs</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#what-to-do" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|What to Do" >What to Do</a> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#conclusion" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Conclusion" >Conclusion</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#acknowledgements" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Acknowledgements" >Acknowledgements</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fixed 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'translate-y-none' : 'transform-translate-y-full'" > <div class="relative bg-theme-bg-default-white wrapper -padded z-1"> <div class="flex items-center justify-between py-0 sm:py-8 lg:py-16"> <div class="flex sm-d:w-3/4 items-center"> <a href="#table-of-contents" class="mr-12 block border-b-0 text-theme-text-default-gray-500 focus-hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 sm:border-theme-text-default-gray-500 sm:border-r sm:pr-12 lg:mr-24 lg:pr-24" @click="collapse()" ><span class="icon rect-16 my-8"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M6.33 13.1V8.95h3.33v4.17c0 .45.38.83.84.83H13c.46 0 .83-.38.83-.83V7.27h1.42c.38 0 .56-.47.27-.72L8.56.27a.84.84 0 00-1.12 0L.47 6.55c-.28.25-.1.72.28.72h1.41v5.84c0 .45.38.83.84.83h2.5c.46 0 .83-.38.83-.83z"/></svg></span></a> <div class="pt-2"> <p class="w-full truncate pt-4 pb-2 uppercase leading-none text-8 tracking-small sm:text-10 sm:pb-4">2024 Report on the Experiences of Parents of Transgender and Non-binary Children</p> <button class="relative block border-none bg-none sm:py-4 text-left text-theme-text-default-gray-500 focus-hover:text-theme-text-default-gray-500" @click="toggle()"> <span class="inline-block truncate pr-16 font-bold uppercase leading-none tracking-small text-10 max-w-320 sm:text-12 sm:max-w-450 md:max-w-630"> <span class="hidden sm:inline">Table of Contents: </span><span x-text="currentSection">Introduction</span> </span> <span class="absolute top-1/2 right-0 -mt-2 block rect-10" :class="expanded ? 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="--theme-bg: #fedb00; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #002677; --theme-link-hover: #ce0f69; --theme-button-bg: #ce0f69; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #002677; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" class="fixed overflow-auto inset-0 pt-48 sm:pt-64 lg:pt-80 bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-500" x-cloak x-show="expanded" > <div class="justify-between px-24 pt-16 pb-48 xs:px-32 md:flex md:px-48 lg:ml-16 lg:px-96 xl:pr-28" data-label="partial-table-of-contents" x-ref="tableOfContents" > <div class="md:flex"> <div class="hidden xl-d:flex-shrink-0 md:w-230 md:mr-32 md:block lg:w-320 lg:mr-64"> <img alt="" class="block w-full shadow-lg" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271292%27%20height%3D%271765%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" 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class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#child-demographics" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Demographics" >Child Demographics</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-age" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Age" >Child Age</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-gender-identity" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Gender Identity" >Child Gender Identity</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#gender-identity-milestones" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Identity Milestones" >Gender Identity Milestones</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#first-display-of-gender-non-conforming-behavior" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|First Display of Gender Non-Conforming Behavior" >First Display of Gender Non-Conforming Behavior</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#age-of-gender-identity-disclosure" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Age of Gender Identity Disclosure" >Age of Gender Identity Disclosure</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#early-parental-support-and-resource-use" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Early Parental Support and Resource Use" >Early Parental Support and Resource Use</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#parent-mental-health" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Parent Mental Health" >Parent Mental Health</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#child-experiences-at-school" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Experiences at School" >Child Experiences at School</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#school-type" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|School Type" >School Type</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#school-policies-and-practices" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|School Policies and Practices" >School Policies and Practices</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#gender-support-plans" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Support Plans" >Gender Support Plans</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#perceived-school-support-for-child" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Perceived School Support for Child" >Perceived School Support for Child</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#inclusive-school-practices" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Inclusive School Practices" >Inclusive School Practices</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#bullying" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Bullying" >Bullying</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#gender-affirming-health-care" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender Affirming Health Care" >Gender Affirming Health Care</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-chronic-health-conditions" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Chronic Health Conditions" >Child Chronic Health Conditions</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#child-mental-health" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Child Mental Health" >Child Mental Health</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#gender-affirming-care" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Gender-Affirming Care" >Gender-Affirming Care</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#health-insurance-coverage" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Health Insurance Coverage" >Health Insurance Coverage</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#family-and-advocacy" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Family and Advocacy" >Family and Advocacy</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#awareness-of-nondiscrimination-protections" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections" >Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#exposure-to-anti-transgender-legislation" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation" >Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#identity-documents" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Identity Documents" >Identity Documents</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#advocacy-and-engagement" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Advocacy and Engagement" >Advocacy and Engagement</a> </li> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#resource-needs" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Resource Needs" >Resource Needs</a> </li> </ul> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#what-to-do" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|What to Do" >What to Do</a> </li> <div class="border-b border-current pt-8 opacity-20"></div> <li class="flex w-full items-center pt-20 pb-12"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 type-eyebrow text-14 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline lg:text-16" href="#conclusion" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Conclusion" >Conclusion</a> </li> <li class="list-none pb-4 sm:pb-2" > <ul> <li class="py-4 sm-d:py-8 leading-squeeze sm:leading-tight"> <a class="text-theme-link-default-blue-400 text-16 hover:text-theme-link-hover-default-blue-300 hover:underline" href="#acknowledgements" data-track-gtm="HRC Reports|Utility Navigation Jump Link|Acknowledgements" >Acknowledgements</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span> <div data-module="lazy-fade"> <div class="relative" id="introduction" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Introduction'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-center text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00;" data-animate data-label="partial-section-header" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target> <h2 class="heading-60 text-theme-headline-default-current"> Introduction </h2> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-combo-columns" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="" > <div class="flex-grid justify-center items-stretch mb-0 md:-mx-32" > <div class="flex-grid-col md:px-32 md:py-0 w-full pb-32 md:w-1/2 print:w-1/2" > <div class="" > <div class="rich-text -sm"> <p>In this report, HRC Foundation analyzes data on the experiences of parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary children, collected from the 2022<em> Experiences of Parents and Caregivers of Transgender and Non-Binary Youth Study</em> conducted by the Human Rights Campaign Foundation, the University of Arizona, and the University of Florida. </p> <p>In recent years, LGBTQ+ people have experienced a tremendous amount of progress socially and legally. More people are coming out than ever before, with the percentage of adults identifying as LGBTQ+ people <a href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/611864/lgbtq-identification.aspx#:~:text=In%20each%20survey%2C%20Gallup%20asks,and%206.8%25%20decline%20to%20respond." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">nearly doubling</a> since 2012. </p> <p>Research also suggests that many parents and caregivers would be accepting of their child if they came out as transgender or non-binary. One study <a href="https://www.thetrevorproject.org/blog/new-poll-illustrates-high-support-among-parents-for-transgender-nonbinary-children/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">found</a> that 54% would support their child if they came out as transgender and 57% if their child came out as nonbinary. </p> <p>The data for this study were collected at a time when anti-transgender attacks were ramping up in state houses across the country, bringing with them new threats to transgender and non-binary youth as well as their families. </p> <p>In 2022, 315 anti-equality bills <a href="https://reports.hrc.org/2022-state-equality-index" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">were introduced</a> in state legislatures around the country, and 29 were signed into law. Since then, well over 100 anti-equality bills have been signed into law in state legislatures around the country. </p> <p>Among these bills introduced, a majority target LGBTQ+ youth, specifically transgender and non-binary youth. This primarily includes bans on transgender youth participating in sports and restrictions on their access to best-practice, medically necessary gender-affirming healthcare. Additionally, laws have been proposed and signed into law that would exclude the discussion LGBTQ+ topics (such as LGBTQ+ people in history) in classrooms. <br /></p> <p>Research from organizations such as the <a href="https://reports.hrc.org/2023-state-equality-index" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Trevor Project</a>, shows that this kind of legislation has negative consequences for the well-being of LGBTQ+ youth and adults. Anti-transgender legislation can <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2014-26599-013" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">negatively impact the mental health</a> of transgender and non-binary youth</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="flex-grid-col md:px-32 md:py-0 w-full pb-0 md:w-1/2 print:w-1/2" > <div class="" > <div class="rich-text -sm"> <p>or open transgender and non-binary people <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=Gender,+Place+&+Culture&title=Peeing+under+Surveillance:+Bathrooms,+Gender+Policing,+and+Hate+Violence&volume=23&issue=7&publication_year=2015&pages=983-988&doi=10.1080/0966369X.2015.1073699&" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">up to harassment</a> for doing something as routine as using the bathroom. In an HRC Foundation study<a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjop-SA1e-HAxXQF1kFHStICTcQFnoECAUQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrc.org%2Fnews%2Fthe-human-rights-campaign-foundation-releases-new-data-highlighting-the-negative-impact-of-gender-affirming-care-bans-on-lgbtq-adults&usg=AOvVaw0EY_aqYKqajkZ7xacSqqYz&opi=89978449" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">, a plurality</a> of LGBTQ+ adults—and most transgender and non-binary adults—report that gender-affirming care bans directly impact their health or that of their loved ones.</p> <p>What often is missing from the research, however, are data on parents and caregivers of LGBTQ+ youth, specifically transgender and non-binary youth. Parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary youth have their own challenges and journeys regarding their children’s gender identity and the state of LGBTQ+ rights. </p> <p>What available research suggests is that parents and caregivers <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9319694/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">value and benefit from support networks and peer groups</a> with other parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary children. These provide opportunities to learn and share information. </p> <p>Understanding the experiences of parents and caregivers is important because they are often the major driving forces behind a transgender or non-binary child’s ability to thrive. Anti-transgender laws pose challenges to parents and caregivers, as they can punish them, criminally, for supporting their transgender and non-binary child, or place an undue burden on them as they search for communities and homes where their child and family will be accepted. </p> <p>The mixed-methods online study, which enrolled 1,480 adults who were each the parent of at least one transgender, non-binary, gender-expansive, and/or otherwise non-cisgender child under the age of 18, was collected in January 2022 through June 2022. While a parent could participate if they had a child who identified as some non-cisgender identity, resulting in a range of gender identities being included, throughout this report, the term “transgender and non-binary" is used as an umbrella term to refer to all gender diverse or expansive people. “Parents and caregivers” refer to any adult that acts as a primary caregiver to a child. <br /></p> <p>Below, we detail key findings on the parent, family, and child's experiences across multiple aspects of daily life, ranging from early gender identity milestones, through school and healthcare experiences. It concludes with action items for supporting and empowering parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary children.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="c8779b1d-d4c8-4d7b-85e4-668180af1780" data-type="interactive" data-title="About the Data"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27384%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYS-about-the-data.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=384&q=90&w=600&s=be3b4798236617d4cecb6f9d48dc3336 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYS-about-the-data.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=513&q=90&w=800&s=56e82eb507a5db28134f0d2f5cb95d87 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYS-about-the-data.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=641&q=90&w=1000&s=d937ece94b94f9b2e62154923845e310 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYS-about-the-data.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=699&q=90&w=1091&s=aaece6cd46d94af54dade0d138301465 1091w" width="600" height="384" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="611ee529-5caa-48d5-b03c-4447807322ed" data-type="interactive" data-title="About the Sample"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #8552b2; --theme-text: #ffffff; --theme-link: #5bcefa; --theme-link-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg: #fedb00; --theme-button-bg-hover: #5bcefa; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #ffffff; --theme-headline: #fedb00; --theme-border: #fedb00; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27389%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYSreport-about-the-sample.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=389&q=90&w=600&s=df874e3341b4c11acfc87755a0902c7b 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYSreport-about-the-sample.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=519&q=90&w=800&s=82d38a1db4a698536c0a4eaf2aa88673 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYSreport-about-the-sample.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=649&q=90&w=1000&s=1311585ba927a817c9638841ce4b5e98 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER-PTYSreport-about-the-sample.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=699&q=90&w=1077&s=4ec2b1b7c8400102e5642651de323f73 1077w" width="600" height="389" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-demographics" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Demographics'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Demographics.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=8fead4f4c694f5a631c17b71dd0c4d58 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Demographics.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=2e93beb5c7dea8dfdcb4fdc07cbd86ae 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Demographics.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=816d4906b1c3681a25969c7802a532af 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Demographics.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=356d46bcf30d35b648e2b513058e8b8c 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Demographics.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=24a0f97b23161d9915c9b14f14562cef 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-age" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Age'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Child Age</strong></em> </p> <p>On average, respondents’ transgender or non-binary children were 13.8 years old (Table 2). </p> <ul><li>25.1% were between 6 and 12 years old and </li><li>2.4% were between 1 and 5 years old</li></ul> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Child Gender Identity</strong></em></p> <p>Parents and caregivers reported a roughly balanced gender composition regarding their children (Table 2; Figure 1).</p> <ul><li>36.8% were non-binary, genderqueer or gender non-conforming</li><li>35.4% were transgender boys</li><li>25.9% were transgender girls</li></ul> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-gender-identity" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Gender Identity'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="69a63ab8-67a9-4e0f-abb9-cbc0cfc0f537" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 1: Gender Composition of Children"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27350%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-1-gender-composition-of-children.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=350&q=90&w=600&s=e7d16d1bc011943bf647fe85a3594d66 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-1-gender-composition-of-children.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=466&q=90&w=800&s=396e776f1e487bf3bdc793125e8cb611 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-1-gender-composition-of-children.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=583&q=90&w=1000&s=e601d7003e2fa1403656d6d6e00ee773 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-1-gender-composition-of-children.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1029&s=4bea93d2744b40098cf2065d28743158 1029w" width="600" height="350" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="gender-identity-milestones" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Gender Identity Milestones'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Identity-Milestones.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=5eaae2108427aa2d3115690c86fdedb5 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Identity-Milestones.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=2bcdf9d67a44e4d96f9c91401d9fa76b 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Identity-Milestones.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=386e4b6e46be02a6fc34a035b1f805ee 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Identity-Milestones.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=e8cae7eeaa9668143ef6d24b7e5d8c2d 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Identity-Milestones.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=545f10eb4c0febac670fa0e7deaffe95 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="first-display-of-gender-non-conforming-behavior" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'First Display of Gender Non-Conforming Behavior'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>First display of gender non-conforming behavior</strong></em> </p> <p>Children <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/088520149190047H" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">can recognize</a> their gender as early as age 2 and may begin developing stronger feelings in their adolescent and teenage years when puberty usually begins. On average, parents and caregivers reported that their child first exhibited gender non-conforming behavior at 8.4 years old, with a slight plurality of parents and caregivers saying their child exhibited gender non-conforming behaviors before age 6 (Table 2; Figure 2). It is important to note that this is based on the parent or caregivers’ awareness, rather than the child. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="983b4564-fc55-4e21-a4f7-39b300225b8e" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 2: Age Child First Exhibited Gender Non-Conforming Behaviors"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27350%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-2-age-child-first-exhibited-gender-non-conforming-behaviors.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=350&q=90&w=600&s=15a5ac66a7ddeb5f1a610d08283f623c 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-2-age-child-first-exhibited-gender-non-conforming-behaviors.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=466&q=90&w=800&s=b1a308057cc201d6bc377c032c0c00a6 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-2-age-child-first-exhibited-gender-non-conforming-behaviors.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=583&q=90&w=1000&s=84e8afb1601f7b9de2082881f8690e7e 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-2-age-child-first-exhibited-gender-non-conforming-behaviors.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1029&s=0adec87932892069fddffbf95f17e09c 1029w" width="600" height="350" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="age-of-gender-identity-disclosure" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Age of Gender Identity Disclosure'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Age of gender identity disclosure</strong></em> </p> <p>The average age at which respondents’ children first disclosed their gender identity to them was 10.9 years old, with most saying their child shared their gender identity with them at 13 years of age or older (Table 2; Figure 3). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="51c16be6-1bde-4cf6-ba9d-271ee360968a" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 3: Age Child First Shared Gender Identity with Parent"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27350%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-3-age-child-first-shared-gender-identity-with-parent.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=350&q=90&w=600&s=08ad09ca3bc6dd7bc28a863cefcbab02 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-3-age-child-first-shared-gender-identity-with-parent.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=466&q=90&w=800&s=c60a67a763d861304658dc38061d9698 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-3-age-child-first-shared-gender-identity-with-parent.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=583&q=90&w=1000&s=a7bd0b23fed77803c9cb1fe49866fefe 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-3-age-child-first-shared-gender-identity-with-parent.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1029&s=9953112f98cdc052b289284703a6d480 1029w" width="600" height="350" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="early-parental-support-and-resource-use" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Early Parental Support and Resource Use'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Early-Parental-Support.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=ef84391d29f2d2da0915b97a60727c36 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Early-Parental-Support.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=ee61f321e7b069f3845e3d47d9ffde4f 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Early-Parental-Support.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=8fbed6816275e957652e7fd1bf7fcbc1 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Early-Parental-Support.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=9c4fefccb3c93341bd1647b20a633218 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Early-Parental-Support.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=ae1a6e7bd9279982aaa32ce5e50f05a1 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Parents are on their own journey towards acceptance and understanding, adapting and adjusting over time to be more knowledgeable about their child's identity, and better able to express their support and to advocate on behalf of their children. </p> <p>Within this sample, most parents and caregivers are supportive of their child’s identity (Table 3; Figure 4). Though results may be skewed, as supportive and affirming parents and caregivers may have been more likely to enroll in this study than those who are unaccepting of their child’s identity, more than 8 in 10 parents and caregivers reported being supportive of their child at each step of their gender journey. These levels of support are consistent across different periods of time such as when the child first disclosed to their parent about their identity, or when the child began to socially transition and changed their name and/or pronouns. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="2dd7fb18-38c3-4088-bd7e-5de80753fb04" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 4: Parent Self-Reported Levels of Support "></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27408%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-4-parent-self-reported-levels-of-support.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=408&q=90&w=600&s=c5a2e95d8ff047a5a86801d0abbf87c8 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-4-parent-self-reported-levels-of-support.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=544&q=90&w=800&s=39199c7265e95d1c883b08004738af41 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-4-parent-self-reported-levels-of-support.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=680&q=90&w=1000&s=3f4aa13bfc4573196c2bfe03db26f1ce 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-4-parent-self-reported-levels-of-support.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=700&q=90&w=1029&s=ad11a8699ed38c6e2cfa3c17c18d509d 1029w" width="600" height="408" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>For even the most supportive of parents and caregivers, there is likely a knowledge/information gap around gender identity and how to best support and understand their transgender child. Having key information and support networks can help ensure parents and caregivers are equipped with the tools to best affirm their child and provide support to themselves as parents and caregivers. </p> <p>When parents and caregivers first looked to understand their child’s gender identity, they turned to a wide range of sources, including their own research, medical professionals, social workers, friends or family (Table 4 Figure 5). </p> <ul><li>The most common source parents and caregivers used was the internet, reported by two-thirds (63.5%) of respondents </li><li> Half (50.5%) also sought out help from a counselor, therapist or psychologist. </li><li>More than four in ten (42.4%) attended a support group.</li></ul> <p>Parents and caregivers also went to social media, their friends/family, doctors and LGBTQ+ focused organizations for resources to help them understand their child’s gender identity.</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="160dacd3-086d-4eff-ae16-755b127f0bf6" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 5: Resources First Used by Parents for Understanding Child’s Gender Identity"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27249%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=249&q=90&w=600&s=2e4402b408c1e4dab16d90c2683d664e 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=332&q=90&w=800&s=4a3ba5207f0d2c252ed978abc5a4876d 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=415&q=90&w=1000&s=f1ea26c0c940acef2f1ef06593dd2f00 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=498&q=90&w=1200&s=da40425a9dd4e1e6fb873f8d1b2e8517 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=581&q=90&w=1400&s=47ee9be0ed045c5e42e174b451cbf99b 1400w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-5-resources-first-used-by-parents-for-understanding-childs-gender-identity.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1445&s=43753f992c84e3788df77917f4483e2c 1445w" width="600" height="249" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>When it comes to the places parents and caregivers currently find resources for parenting transgender and non-binary children, about three-quarters (78.6%) said they seek information from other parents and caregivers of transgender youth, individual transgender people or other friends/family, far more common than types of information sources (Table 5; Figure 6).</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="63385559-4ad5-4fbd-9bb4-16fe89ccb919" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 6: Current Sources of Information for Parenting"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27249%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=249&q=90&w=600&s=dd93273f37551633c0058eed94ecff33 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=332&q=90&w=800&s=fced8c069b38aa47b507b953cf7fe96f 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=415&q=90&w=1000&s=73ff49da43a490c00a4f6fdb4bcc53f2 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=498&q=90&w=1200&s=7953419e7b3ae9bc8e14f3f288d6ded0 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=581&q=90&w=1400&s=e05caf90e22296db07939230cf50a857 1400w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-6-current-sources-of-information-for-parenting.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1445&s=30873ec589a5a5a3f7c00aab6318306f 1445w" width="600" height="249" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="parent-mental-health" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Parent Mental Health'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Three-quarters of parents and caregivers (78.8%) said that all parental figures fully supported and affirmed their child’s gender (Table 6). Among the parents and caregivers who said that all parental figures did <em>not </em>fully support and affirm their child’s gender, 10.7% got divorced or separated. </p> <p><em><strong>Parent Mental Health</strong></em> </p> <p>Any parent can struggle with mental health, and mental health can result from a host of external and genetic factors. However, parents and caregivers of transgender and gender-expansive youth face the unique burden of transphobic stigma, and anti-transgender social and political hostilities towards transgender youth and their families, which can place them at risk for poor mental health. </p> <p>This is confirmed in the present study, with numerous respondents screening positive for anxiety and depression. </p> <p>Overall, more<strong> than one in five (22.0%) </strong>parents and caregivers screened for moderate or severe anxiety (Table 7). </p> <ul><li>An additional three-quarters screened positive for minimal (50.4%) or mild (27.6%) anxiety. </li><li>In comparison, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr172.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">one study</a> of found that 9.5% of United States adults screened for mild anxiety, as well as 3.4% who screened moderate and 2.7% who screened severe.</li></ul> <p>Additionally, <strong>nearly one in five (19.9%)</strong> of parents and caregivers screened positive for severe depression. In addition:</p> <ul><li>Almost half (48.4%) screened for minimal depression.</li><li>About three in ten (31.7%) screened for mild depression.</li></ul> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-experiences-at-school" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Experiences at School'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Experiences-at-School.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=ff058bd6c3709918746265ef5ad54d30 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Experiences-at-School.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=eaa50d5e1c0a98d623750aede8326e7b 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Experiences-at-School.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=a0fa8731ba390010f64b9586a4b432b3 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Experiences-at-School.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=296c9c58c312de6a051e69e9227900c6 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Child-Experiences-at-School.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=4724163e2f9eaa893ef912dd6c3c98db 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="school-type" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'School Type'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>School Type </strong></em> </p> <p>While most (63.3%) parents and caregivers said their transgender or non-binary child was attending public school in-person, many also report their children attend other types of schools (Table 8).<br /><br />Additionally: </p> <ul><li>13.9% are homeschooled </li><li>6.8% attend a private nonreligious school in person </li><li>6.1% were in college/early college </li><li>4.8% attended charter school in-person. </li><li>2.4% attend a private catholic or religious school </li><li><1% attended online school full-time </li></ul> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="d24260e9-ac26-4201-a0a0-06b90bfdd7f0" data-type="interactive" data-title="Child Experiences at School Box"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27266%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/child-experiences-at-school-box.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=266&q=90&w=600&s=98bf17113d4787062ecffc46b8eab41d 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/child-experiences-at-school-box.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=354&q=90&w=800&s=2aa8e03ff19a3747fd1774f41be996b7 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/child-experiences-at-school-box.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=443&q=90&w=1000&s=2972df5648ab17ecf633ab339873c3e3 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/child-experiences-at-school-box.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=465&q=90&w=1050&s=5990d5b1bedad99e29ae2c5928456264 1050w" width="600" height="266" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="school-policies-and-practices" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'School Policies and Practices'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>School Policies and Practices </em></strong></p> <p> Few parents and caregivers report that they are aware of whether their child’s school has anti-bullying or nondiscrimination protections for LGBTQ+ students, defined as policies which specifically enumerate protections on the basis of gender identity/expression, sexual orientation, and for transgender and non-binary students. </p> <ul><li>In particular, less than one in seven report their child attends a school with anti-bullying and non-discrimination policies that enumerate protections on basis of gender identity or gender expression. (Figure 7; Table 8).</li><li>About one-quarter of parents and caregivers said their school has formal guidance for supporting transgender and non-binary students. </li></ul> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="a63c7947-d9d0-4fc1-9d5d-87e16526e688" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 7: School Anti-Bullying and Non-Discrimination Protections"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27455%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-7-school-anti-bullying-and-non-discrimination-protections.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=455&q=90&w=600&s=05a3701d5382cc7db1e06909f6470f77 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-7-school-anti-bullying-and-non-discrimination-protections.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=607&q=90&w=800&s=e2057f5b7dc96039f449bc270cf5df1a 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-7-school-anti-bullying-and-non-discrimination-protections.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=635&q=90&w=837&s=b4df07cee0496807e2592c774403c995 837w" width="600" height="455" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="gender-support-plans" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Gender Support Plans'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Gender Support Plans</strong></em> </p> <p>Generally speaking, a gender support plan is a tool for a child and their school which provides a guide for a student’s gender transition. Gender support plans can be helpful, but not every parent says they had one offered at their school (Table 8). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="2e0476a7-f4e1-468c-861a-3d945f41c0d7" data-type="interactive" data-title="Gender Support Plans"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27202%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/gender-support-plans.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=202&q=90&w=600&s=53a07eb376f1db2b051e6051f45f6914 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/gender-support-plans.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=269&q=90&w=800&s=5075b0fcc45e517164b1d9a37e9d7928 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/gender-support-plans.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=336&q=90&w=1000&s=a55e065427db4b8a1c6edc31a7fa0faf 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/gender-support-plans.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=353&q=90&w=1050&s=3261d0dc50c6fd16a2f95092dd611948 1050w" width="600" height="202" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="perceived-school-support-for-child" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Perceived School Support for Child'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>Perceived School Support for Child </em></strong></p> <p>It is important for transgender and non-binary youth to feel supported in all aspects their school life, from the classroom to afterschool. In this sample, parents and caregivers largely perceived that their child’s school supported them in multiple aspects of their day-to-day school lives.</p> <p><sup></sup>The <strong>vast majority</strong> <strong>(about 9 in 10)</strong> reported their schools were supportive around correct name and pronoun usage, and while <strong>roughly two-thirds each</strong> of parents and caregivers say their schools are supportive with regard restrooms, locker rooms and sports (Table 9; Figure 8). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="3b772b44-0813-4f5f-85f8-9ce889626330" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 8: School Level of Support of Transgender/Non-binary Child"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27408%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-8-school-level-of-support-of-transgendernon-binary-child.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=408&q=90&w=600&s=814f8c34cd9aaafbbb6249996cb70a00 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-8-school-level-of-support-of-transgendernon-binary-child.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=544&q=90&w=800&s=b9bbb441c44bd81183bba6ebdc7e51a6 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-8-school-level-of-support-of-transgendernon-binary-child.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=680&q=90&w=1000&s=8207aa1d7bfb0cca4919404fbd9761a3 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-8-school-level-of-support-of-transgendernon-binary-child.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=700&q=90&w=1029&s=caa3b24da99b3b2a5035888697656ea3 1029w" width="600" height="408" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="inclusive-school-practices" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Inclusive School Practices'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>LGBTQ+ inclusivity in schools is critical to ensuring LGBTQ+ youth, especially transgender and non-binary youth, have the tools necessary to thrive. Inclusivity can be achieved with small changes to how teachers and staff speak in school, using language that does not reinforce gender stereotypes and gender norms that limit all children.</p> <p>It may also include school exhibiting signs of support or transgender and non-binary people or observe LGBTQ+ history. Inclusivity can evolve into structural changes, such as implementing LGBTQ+ inclusive curriculums. </p> <p>Results show that two-thirds (66.5%) of parents and caregivers said their child’s school uses gender-inclusive language (Table 8).</p> <p>Only a quarter (25.3%) of children attend schools where they are taught about transgender and non-binary people and history, or where there are visible signs and symbols of support (Table 8).</p> <p>In light of recent policy changes passed after the survey was collected, including Don’t Say LGBTQ+ laws and pronoun bans, it is likely that these percentages would be even lower if the survey was conducted today. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="783b8e25-0aae-4c89-b1f6-8045c6f0b935" data-type="interactive" data-title="LGBTQ Bills"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27351%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/lgbtq-bills.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=351&q=90&w=600&s=406f1f0b110e020888f7909d51ff1fd2 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/lgbtq-bills.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=468&q=90&w=800&s=e8b6a5e6effe95071fec6f16a478d1bf 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/lgbtq-bills.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=585&q=90&w=1000&s=a2441937b3c49c836ca35102c1516e63 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/lgbtq-bills.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=602&q=90&w=1029&s=5301c79a5e785116c562b290e7d0f545 1029w" width="600" height="351" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="bullying" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Bullying'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>Bullying </em></strong></p> <p>Over half (55%) of parents and caregivers said their child was bullied due to their gender identity or expression in the last year. Among those who said their child reported they were bullied: </p> <ul><li>45.2% said it happened rarely </li><li>37.2% said it happened sometimes </li><li>10% said it happened often </li><li>7.6% said it happened frequently </li></ul> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="gender-affirming-health-care" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Gender Affirming Health Care'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Affirming-Healthcare-2.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=20b4f3773156956b2dd12d158531d045 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Affirming-Healthcare-2.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=4356fa758a41c65efe98d1f099b7449d 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Affirming-Healthcare-2.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=7056715f79602030d582b304b92818fa 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Affirming-Healthcare-2.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=ebbd481ae19851b3f75e9d0ab43e7b61 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Gender-Affirming-Healthcare-2.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=1116ce41350d562b9e952190ba5ae167 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-chronic-health-conditions" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Chronic Health Conditions'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>Child Chronic Health Conditions </em></strong></p> <p>About two-thirds (67.5%) of parents and caregivers said their child had at least one chronic health condition (Table 10), most of which were emotional or behavioral diagnoses (Figure 9). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="ada593ed-2c0a-4ff8-9d47-0da540fad0b2" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 9: Child Chronic Health Conditions"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27411%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-9-child-chronic-health-conditions.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=411&q=90&w=600&s=6b86218126fd390595634d7b68ec3693 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-9-child-chronic-health-conditions.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=549&q=90&w=800&s=edae98f2a27a93f310c6827c71614b0b 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-9-child-chronic-health-conditions.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=875&s=11cdccd852174dbd6e7ea59839794057 875w" width="600" height="411" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="child-mental-health" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Child Mental Health'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>Child Mental Health </em></strong> </p> <p>It is important to note that being transgender is not a mental illness, though transgender people may have elevated rates of mental health challenges (Table 10). </p> <ul><li>Many parents and caregivers report that their transgender or non-binary child has depression (39.6%) or an anxiety disorder (49.4%). </li><li>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 9.4% of children age 3-17 <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/features/anxiety-depression-children.html#:~:text=Anxiety%20and%20depression%20affect%20many,diagnosed%20depression%20in%202016-2019." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">have been</a> diagnosed with anxiety and 4.4% <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/features/anxiety-depression-children.html#:~:text=Anxiety%20and%20depression%20affect%20many,diagnosed%20depression%20in%202016-2019." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">have been</a> diagnosed with depression.</li><li>15.9% of parents and caregivers said a doctor or health care provider told them that their child had ever been hospitalized for mental health needs<ul><li>Among those parents and caregivers, 35.5% said it was related to their gender identity.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Gender-affirming care is a part of health care critical to the overall well-being of transgender youth.</p> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="gender-affirming-care" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Gender-Affirming Care'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #f5a9b8; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #002677; --theme-link-hover: #ce0f69; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #002677; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #002677; --theme-accent: #002677; --theme-border: #002677;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27167%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PYTSreport_GACisLifesaving.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=167&q=90&w=600&s=27e8874562f379908213a30795979ac0 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PYTSreport_GACisLifesaving.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=170&q=90&w=610&s=07adb71e4678b89b4df1da26dd5c58ef 610w" width="600" height="167" > </figure> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #f5a9b8; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #002677; --theme-link-hover: #ce0f69; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #002677; --theme-button-text: #002677; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #002677; --theme-accent: #002677; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <h3 style="text-align: center" class="medium-style heading-24">Gender-affirming care, sometimes referred to as transition-related care, <a href="https://www.congress.gov/118/meeting/house/116284/documents/HHRG-118-JU10-20230727-SD020.pdf#:~:text=Gender-affirming%20care%2C%20sometimes%20referred%20to%20as%20transition-related%20care%2C,mental%20health%20care%2C%20medical%20care%2C%20and%20social%20services." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">is life-saving healthcare for transgender people of all ages</a>. It is not a single category of services but instead is a range of services, including mental health care, medical care, and social services. At all ages, clear, well-established, evidence-based standards of care exist for who can access what form of gender affirming care, and when they are eligible to receive it.</h3> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Among those with a provider, most had to travel 25 miles or less to find care for their child (Table 11; Figure 10). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="8dc52bbb-2c9c-41b1-a59d-8b013874b740" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 10: Distance Traveled to Access Care "></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27505%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-10-distance-traveled-to-access-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=505&q=90&w=600&s=5d9e2b5b45a04f98975ef3de35b4a3d8 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-10-distance-traveled-to-access-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=589&q=90&w=700&s=ef9a4b5f1fb09b554e7f8d58216c28c0 700w" width="600" height="505" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>A large percentage of parents and caregivers whose children are receiving gender-affirming care say their child’s provider had high levels of knowledge of transgender health care (Table 11; Figure 11).</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="a799be73-79e1-40d1-95ab-8128ad886107" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 11: How much do providers know about transgender health care?"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27505%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-11-how-much-do-providers-know-about-transgender-health-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=505&q=90&w=600&s=5882ceed91793fe433096aaf5092f0dc 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-11-how-much-do-providers-know-about-transgender-health-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=589&q=90&w=700&s=7ab09003a2cdc0391f0fefe4557cba92 700w" width="600" height="505" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Most parents and caregivers who have accessed care for their child said they had to wait longer than a month to find a competent health care provider for their child (Figure 12).</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="61a47c70-7457-422f-bbee-f70bfebcfc1c" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 12: Time Waited to Find Competent Health Care Provider"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27389%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-12-time-waited-to-find-competent-health-care-provider.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=389&q=90&w=600&s=3c0068a11999666c4a4e8c17a79de3c8 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-12-time-waited-to-find-competent-health-care-provider.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=518&q=90&w=800&s=5c1a4691b80b0884162fe3d84e7918c4 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-12-time-waited-to-find-competent-health-care-provider.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=926&s=d3eb03a0a2dd613b1b5248bf15b72f82 926w" width="600" height="389" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Lack of access to competent care is a <a href="https://www.americanprogress.org/article/protecting-advancing-health-care-transgender-adult-communities/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">general experience</a> of transgender people, so these results may be the result of a selection of parents and caregivers who already completed the (arduous) task of navigating the health care system to find their child competent gender-affirming care. </p> <p>This is important to note, as 25.1% of parents and caregivers with children not receiving gender-affirming care say they could not locate an experienced provider (Table 11; Figure 13) and was most frequently cited as the reason why their child had not received care. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="8a01bf47-971b-4f95-b4f4-0f895c712fbd" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 13: Barriers to Gender Affirming Care"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27389%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-13-barriers-to-gender-affirming-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=389&q=90&w=600&s=f1e2b6729e5bb51f397813f13d8b5fb6 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-13-barriers-to-gender-affirming-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=518&q=90&w=800&s=337ff9b9ce3a336d87da995a52d73ab9 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-13-barriers-to-gender-affirming-care.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=926&s=0b50715682d8422cc6723d2551df93c9 926w" width="600" height="389" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Additionally, 24% of parents and caregivers say they have had to teach a doctor or health care providers about transgender people to receive appropriate care (Table 11).</p> <p>21.6% have changed providers due to mistreatment, lack of competency or other reasons related to gender-affirming care (Table 11). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><strong><em>Health Insurance Coverage</em></strong> </p> <p>Even if a provider is found, it may be additionally challenging for parents and caregivers to obtain coverage for their child’s gender-affirming health care through their health insurance plans. When observing what health care services parents and caregivers say are covered under their child’s health insurance, many gender-affirming services and other health care services were covered – with one exception (Table 12; Figure 14). The exception was gender-affirming surgeries, which were most often cited as not being covered. </p> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="health-insurance-coverage" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Health Insurance Coverage'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="fbe3e43c-ed00-4304-acdd-8164fd47c90c" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 14: Services Covered by Child’s Health Insurance"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27408%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-14-services-covered-by-childs-health-insurance.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=408&q=90&w=600&s=cbf4da3bb6f19068be1546f04de4d8a5 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-14-services-covered-by-childs-health-insurance.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=544&q=90&w=800&s=ebe9445b54f4ba9810dcf336cc7c9823 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-14-services-covered-by-childs-health-insurance.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=680&q=90&w=1000&s=73b6f90ddeb85fde5353ec24fd60228a 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-14-services-covered-by-childs-health-insurance.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=700&q=90&w=1029&s=b919c8699d2dbb4302bf4797c19225ef 1029w" width="600" height="408" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Only one-third or less of parents and caregivers say that all gender-affirming care procedures were covered by their insurance (35.6%), while 55.1% said all of their primary care services were covered.</p> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="family-and-advocacy" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Family and Advocacy'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Family-and-Advocacy.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=6ab81626c480ab0d2f784e02cef76e36 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Family-and-Advocacy.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=8222ff26b161737f7ec8396d5a0e0f01 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Family-and-Advocacy.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=aa32a30a5214aa37394be1e9f28aa83f 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Family-and-Advocacy.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=dca1cb684f864fbe9a6bd3661aa51788 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Family-and-Advocacy.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=d3e6c288bf8bce6b39afb9aff6f33158 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="awareness-of-nondiscrimination-protections" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Awareness of Nondiscrimination Protections </strong></em> </p> <p>For parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary children, nondiscrimination laws can be critical to ensure their children are able to thrive free of discrimination, stigma and bias. However, the United States has no federal law enshrining enumerated non-discrimination protections for LGBTQ+ people. Instead, LGBTQ+ people and their families live under a patchwork of laws whereby legal protections (or lack thereof) varies across sector (e.g. housing protections vs. Employment protections) and geography. </p> <p>As a result, not every parent is familiar with their state’s or community’s laws (Table 13).</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="71f5e089-6887-42c0-a086-e30263b45df2" data-type="interactive" data-title="Impact Numbers 2"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27158%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers-2.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=158&q=90&w=600&s=0806e8f62f81dc2c8a0f7d66ae790cf9 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers-2.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=211&q=90&w=800&s=3f0686609f18cace680529e8ab57a200 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers-2.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=261&q=90&w=989&s=90da4560b2a00c7f029294858b454357 989w" width="600" height="158" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="exposure-to-anti-transgender-legislation" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Exposure to Anti-Transgender Legislation</strong></em> </p> <p>At the same time, anti-transgender legislation has been exponentially increasing in state legislatures across the United States over the last few years. To no surprise, most parents and caregivers said they are concerned about their state passing anti-transgender laws, while one in three have said their state has already passed or introduced an anti-transgender law in the last year (Table 13). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="fa483b4d-86c3-4206-83c3-976f4afd991d" data-type="interactive" data-title="Impact Numbers"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27202%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=202&q=90&w=600&s=3c272c462aca44e7a77a4ffc2cf4be63 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=269&q=90&w=800&s=9d1f1189ec0b554bb0b947f3df7dbd84 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/impact-numbers.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=333&q=90&w=989&s=542474a8a275eb1aa2346d2ca7e423f6 989w" width="600" height="202" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="identity-documents" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Identity Documents'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Identity Documents</strong></em> </p> <p>Given the volatile and hostile political environment, some parents and caregivers have taken steps to legally affirm their child’s gender identity. Two-thirds (65%) of parents and caregivers have had at least one of their child’s identity documents updated with the child’s correct name/gender (Table 14; Figure 15). </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="8123d0e7-d87c-4ed5-9e3d-2588af55d079" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 15: Identity Documents Updated"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27249%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=249&q=90&w=600&s=2f1f4e3adae8b1148a9a99506be4e89b 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=332&q=90&w=800&s=5759d81c9994cfcdcba6d3e32c972401 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=415&q=90&w=1000&s=080e1176d605135a8fea3f5752b2b1e7 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=498&q=90&w=1200&s=9faee11481f674dfe5b4c429bbccc0a5 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=581&q=90&w=1400&s=ddbd36d45505c0d37724ec6d75e8fcaf 1400w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-15-identity-documents-updated.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=1445&s=3b3074ddafed0ee822ddb36dcbf0c41a 1445w" width="600" height="249" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="advocacy-and-engagement" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Advocacy and Engagement'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Advocacy and Engagement</strong></em> </p> <p>Parents and caregivers of transgender and non-binary children are often tasked with being advocates for their families amidst the attack on transgender people’s rights and freedoms. Half (50%) of parents and caregivers have written to or called their political representatives regarding transgender issues, among many other forms of advocacy (Table 15; Figure 16). Overall, parents and caregivers were more likely to say they have engaged in advocacy than their children. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="7baf9417-ba72-43f8-984e-6d07266b80c2" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 16: Advocacy and Engagement"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27523%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-16-advocacy-and-engagement.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=523&q=90&w=600&s=e1fa59f8de3cbda05700a568b81a2974 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-16-advocacy-and-engagement.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=688&s=dae1aca99388a6c59bb49abefcf65269 688w" width="600" height="523" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Nearly one in five (17%) of parents and caregivers said their child has spoken publicly about transgender issues, while 1 in 10 (10.3%) have written to or called political representatives. Fewer wrote editorials/blogs or engaged in formal advocacy. Similarly, parents and caregivers said they and their children were least likely to write editorials/blogs or engage in formal advocacy.</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-embed" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded print:hidden" data-animate-target > <div class="infogram-embed" data-id="e3bb09d2-0fb5-44bc-b44d-4a79d3e85b8f" data-type="interactive" data-title="Figure 17: Advocacy and Engagement"></div><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d="InfogramEmbeds";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,"script","infogram-async","https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");</script> </div> <div class="wrapper -lg -padded hidden print:block"> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27523%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-17-advocacy-and-engagement.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=523&q=90&w=600&s=d02c4b5d8d65a55407a1885dfe61263a 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/figure-17-advocacy-and-engagement.png?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=600&q=90&w=688&s=f27a74480a3cb28516110f40fb63f27a 688w" width="600" height="523" > </figure> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="resource-needs" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Resource Needs'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p><em><strong>Resource Needs</strong></em> </p> <p>Parenting a transgender or non-binary child has its challenges, whether it’s finding adequate health insurance, an inclusive school, updating government records or preparing for a child’s future education and career. When asked what sort of resources parents and caregivers needed: </p> <ul><li>Two-thirds of parents and caregivers in the survey said they need additional resources to assist them with advocating for their child at school (Table 4).</li><li>Six and ten (60.5%) said they need additional resources on navigating health insurance for their child.</li><li>Additionally, over half said they need additional resources for obtaining updated identity documents (53.8%) and disclosing their child's gender identity to other people (53.3%).</li><li>Slightly less than half (44.9%) of parents and caregivers said they wanted more resources for navigating applications for things like college or employment. </li></ul> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="what-to-do" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'What to Do'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white -none-top" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_WhatToDo.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=206bb48df5b142077f1b62742464e626 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_WhatToDo.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=220d8aa694fdf9fcd41a207002d3feff 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_WhatToDo.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=3f8b55a7b3e9f2d97dd8c9f72e6aca90 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_WhatToDo.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=17c3fb839557f5c0e3214ff0596e3989 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_WhatToDo.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=dcdfea6c21b8589f9503b2e38c073efe 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <ul><li>Share age-appropriate books, movies, and resources with them that teach about transgender and non-binary people, histories, and identities. </li><li>Check out <a href="https://welcomingschools.org/resources/books" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Welcoming Schools Booklists</a> for ideas. </li><li>Affirm your transgender or non-binary child by sharing your pride in their identity, positive messages of love and acceptance, and your hope for their future. </li><li>Use the name and pronoun your young person goes by, and allow them to express themselves and dress in accordance with their gender identity in age-appropriate ways. </li><li>Support your transgender or non-binary child in sharing their identity (including name and pronoun) with their siblings as well as extended family if it is safe to do so. </li><li>Learn about and engage with your local school board to advocate for inclusive policies, practices, and curriculum for all transgender and non-binary students. </li><li>Show up for your transgender or non-binary child in school by advocating for inclusive practices in their classrooms and professional development training for their teachers. </li><li>Check out <a href="https://welcomingschools.org/resources/training" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Welcoming Schools Training Program</a>. </li><li>Check in with your child about bullying at school and ask for specific details to determine if they are being teased or verbally harassed, being physically harassed, or otherwise being bullied </li><li><a href="https://www.hrc.org/resources/get-the-facts-on-gender-affirming-care" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Get the facts</a> on gender-affirming care<br /> </li><li>Check out the guide for <a href="https://hrc-prod-requests.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/files/documents/Supporting-Caring-for-Trans-Children-UPDTE-100424.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Supporting Transgender, Non-binary, and Gender-Expansive Children</a>.</li></ul> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="conclusion" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Conclusion'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-image" > <div class="" data-animate-target > <figure class="" data-label="component-image"> <img alt="" class="mx-auto block w-full" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27225%27%20style%3D%27background%3Atransparent%27%2F%3E" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Conclusion.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=225&q=90&w=600&s=594c7d779953d054c500947610e43cd0 600w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Conclusion.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=300&q=90&w=800&s=d6497dde49821af7b497334ae3c2c17e 800w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Conclusion.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=375&q=90&w=1000&s=47453a2b58768e6ce08b34db16a685bf 1000w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Conclusion.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=450&q=90&w=1200&s=6912164e30801855e759a5a7401783c2 1200w, https://hrc.imgix.net/Report-Design-Graphics/All-PER-Reports/PTYS-images/PER_PTYSreport_Header_Conclusion.svg?auto=compress%2Cformat&crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=525&q=90&w=1400&s=4033b0f67c7358f18520d64f48d9fc8d 1400w" width="600" height="225" > </figure> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <p>Despite growing social and political hostilities toward transgender and non-binary people – and their families, many parents and caregivers have remained steadfast in support of their transgender and non-binary children. Parenting a transgender and non-binary child is not easy. Many parents and caregivers must endure challenges such as accessing competent health care for their children, watching their children experience bullying or see their child struggle with mental health challenges. Still, a lot of parents and caregivers have taken actions to affirm the identities of their children in places where they have that ability. Whether it is through updating identity documents or engaging in advocacy, parents and caregivers play an important role in their transgender or non-binary children’s well-being.</p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded"> <hr class="border-theme-border-default-gray-300"> </div> </section> </div> <div class="relative" id="acknowledgements" data-label="partial-toc-anchor" x-intersect="currentSection = 'Acknowledgements'" > <a href="#table-of-contents" class="skip-link"> <span class="icon absolute rect-24 -top-16 sm:-top-12 left-1/2 transform-x-center z-1"></span> Return to Table of Contents </a> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-center text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-section-header" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target> <h2 class="heading-60 text-theme-headline-default-current"> Acknowledgements </h2> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-combo-columns" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="" > <div class="flex-grid justify-center items-stretch mb-0 md:-mx-32" > <div class="flex-grid-col md:px-32 md:py-0 w-full pb-32 md:w-1/2 print:w-1/2" > <div class="" > <div class="rich-text -sm"> <h3><strong>HRC FOUNDATION </strong> </h3> <p>The HRC Foundation — a tax-exempt 501(c)(3) organization — envisions a world where all LGBTQ+ people can participate fully in the systems that shape our daily lives. Through public education, research, and policy and practice change, the Foundation’s impact can be felt in schools, on factory floors and corporate suites, and in places of worship. It touches LGBTQ+ lives from childhood through end-of-life, people of all races, ethnicities, sexual orientations, gender identities, abilities and religious beliefs, in big cities and small towns, in the United States and across the globe. </p> <h3><strong>THE PUBLIC EDUCATION & RESEARCH PROGRAM </strong> </h3> <p>The HRC Foundation’s Public Education & Research Program spearheads a wide variety of LGBTQ+ advocacy and outreach campaigns, working to ensure that the HRC Foundation’s resources and programs are timely, impactful and inclusive. In addition to publishing resource guides, informational materials and reports, the team conducts original quantitative and qualitative research exploring the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ people. The program also collaborates with experts and provides guidance to other HRC initiatives in support of efforts to advance LGBTQ+ equality and well-being. <br /></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="flex-grid-col md:px-32 md:py-0 w-full pb-0 md:w-1/2 print:w-1/2" > <div class="" > <div class="rich-text -sm"> <h3><strong>HRC PARENTS FOR TRANSGENDER EQUALITY COUNCIL</strong></h3> <p>The HRC National Parents for Transgender Equality Council is made up of a small but mighty, diverse segment of the thousands of parents out there who, every day, are modeling love, acceptance, and affirmation for their trans children, and by extension, all trans children.</p> <h3><strong>SURVEY RESEARCH TEAM</strong></h3> <p>The survey study was administered by partners at the University of Arizona and the University of Florida.</p> <p><strong>Russell (Russ) B. Toomey</strong>, Professor, Human Development & Family Science, University of Arizona</p> <p><strong>Roberto L. Abreu</strong>, Assistant Professor, Counseling Psychology Area, University of Florida </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded"> <hr class="border-theme-border-default-gray-300"> </div> </section> <section class="section bg-theme-bg-default-white text-theme-text-default-gray-900" style="--theme-bg: #ffffff; --theme-text: #002677; --theme-link: #ce0f69; --theme-link-hover: #002677; --theme-button-bg: #002677; --theme-button-bg-hover: #fedb00; --theme-button-text: #ffffff; --theme-button-text-hover: #002677; --theme-headline: #8552b2; --theme-border: #002677; --theme-repeated: 1;" data-animate data-label="partial-copy" > <div class="wrapper -sm -padded" data-animate-target> <div class="rich-text" > <h3><strong>AUTHORS </strong></h3> <p><strong>Charleigh J. Flohr, MPP, Associate Director, Public Education & Research </strong> </p> <p>Charleigh J. Flohr is Associate Director of Public Education & Research at the HRC Foundation, where she has been for over half a decade. As Associate Director, she primarily leads research projects around economic policy, program evaluation and survey research. Charleigh has nearly a decade of experience in research with experience across multiple organizations, including the Edgar Dyer Institute of Leadership and Public Policy, the Congressional Management Foundation, Center for American Progress, Democracy Fund and the National Center for Transgender Equality. She has several research publications, including peer reviewed publications. Charleigh attended Coastal Carolina University where she obtained her Bachelor’s, focusing on political economy and public policy. She holds a Master’s in Public Policy (‘19) from Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy, where she primarily studied causal econometrics and applied survey statistics. She is currently based in Washington, DC. </p> <p><strong>Shoshana K. Goldberg, PhD MPH, Director of Public Education & Research </strong> </p> <p>Shoshana K. Goldberg is the Director of Public Education & Research at the HRC Foundation. In her role, she oversees research projects that use quantitative and qualitative data to better understand the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals in all aspects and dimensions of daily life, as well as public education products that aim to educate and inform advocates, policy makers and the general public. Prior to joining to HRC, Goldberg held both research and academic positions in the fields of LGBTQ+ health and policy, working with organizations such as The Williams Institute at the UCLA School of Law, UNC-Chapel Hill, and Strength in Numbers Consulting Group. Through her prior work, she has co-authored numerous academic articles, book chapters and research briefs, gaining expertise in the use of population-based data to understand the demographics of the LGBTQ+ population, as well as how existing social, structural and political factors contribute to vulnerabilities, marginalization and health disparities faced by the LGBTQ+ community. Goldberg holds a Master’s of Public Health in Maternal and Child Health, and a Ph.D. in Maternal and Child Health and Epidemiology, both earned from the Gillings School of Global Public Health at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. She is currently based in Brooklyn, N.Y. </p> <p><strong>Ellen Kahn, MSW,</strong> <strong>Vice President, Education and Systems of Care</strong> </p> <p>Ellen Kahn is Vice President of Education and Systems of Care at the Human Rights Campaign, overseeing a portfolio of programs and initiatives aimed at improving the lives of LGBTQ+ children and families, including Welcoming Schools, All Children-All Families, Youth Well-Being, Economic Empowerment, and the Parents for Transgender Equality Council. In her 18+ years at HRC, Ellen has shaped innovative system-change work in child welfare, education, and healthcare, and is nationally recognized as an expert on LGBTQ+ youth and families </p> <p>A self-described trans-affirming, progressive lesbian feminist social worker, and mother of two wonderful daughters, Ellen has dedicated her career to improving the lives of LGBTQ+ people--from working on behalf of people living with HIV/AIDS in the early days of the epidemic, to facilitating dozens of “Maybe Baby” groups for prospective LGBTQ parents. Before joining HRC, Ellen spent 12 years at Whitman-Walker Health (formerly Whitman-Walker Clinic), leading the Lesbian Services Program for eight of those years; in that role Ellen led the expansion of programs to meet the needs of the growing community of LGBTQ people prospective parents, and those already navigating life with children. </p> <p>Ellen earned her M.S. from Temple University and her M.S.S. from Bryn Mawr College School of Social Service and Research. </p> <h3><strong>ADDITIONAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT</strong></h3> <p>This report would not have been possible without the contributions of various HRC staff, including, <strong>Hillary Esquina</strong>, <strong>Jarred Keller</strong>, and <strong>Josette Matoto</strong>. </p> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div> <section class="bg-blue-100 section" data-label="partial-cta-split" > <div class="wrapper -lg -padded"> <div class="lg:flex"> <div class="section bg-yellow-500 relative z-1 lg-d:mb-48 lg:w-2/3"> <div 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HRC | 2024 Report on the Experiences of Parents of Transgender and…