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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 320</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Jean Claude Kamgang</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Obesity, Leptin Levels and Leptin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Afro-Caribbean Subjects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lydia%20Foucan">Lydia Foucan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Rambhojan"> Christine Rambhojan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Billy"> Rachel Billy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christophe%20Armand"> Christophe Armand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carl-Thony%20Michel"> Carl-Thony Michel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Marc%20Lacorte"> Jean-Marc Lacorte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laurent%20Larifla"> Laurent Larifla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, modulates insulin secretion and action via the leptin receptor (LEPR) that is expressed in pancreatic beta cells, adipose tissue, and muscle. Several polymorphisms have been described in the human LEPR gene including p.K109R (rs1137100), p.Q223R (rs1137101) and p.K656N (rs1805094) polymorphisms. The role of these polymorphisms is not yet studied in Guadeloupian population. Our aim was to explore the association of LEPR polymorphisms (K109R, Q223R and K656N) with leptin levels and obesity in non-diabetic Afro-Caribbean subjects. Genotypic analysis of the three polymorphisms was performed in 425 subjects using TaqMan and KASPar Assays. Serum leptin was measured with ELISA kits Biovendor® (RD191001100). Logistic regressions were used for assessment of statistical associations. Mean age was 47.6 ± 12.7 years. Among the participants, 238 (56 %) were women, 124 (30%) were obese and 155 (36.5%) had abdominal obesity. Carriers of LEPR K656N rs1805094 rare allele had significant higher frequencies of obesity (P = 0.007), abdominal obesity (P = 0.004) and metabolic syndrome (P = 0.021) but mean leptin level was not significantly different between both groups (P = 0.075). Odds ratios, adjusted for age and sex associated with presence of rs1805094 rare allele were 1.8 (1.1-2.9), P = 0.012 for obesity, 2.0 (1.2-3.3), P = 0.008 for abdominal obesity and 1.8 (1.1-3.0), P = 0.031 for MetS. No significant association was found with K109R, Q223R. These findings suggest that the K656N polymorphism (but not the K109R or Q223R polymorphism) of LEPR is associated with obesity, abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome in this Afro-Caribbean non-diabetic population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afro-Caribbean" title="Afro-Caribbean">Afro-Caribbean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptin%20levels" title=" leptin levels"> leptin levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptin%20receptor%20gene%20polymorphisms" title=" leptin receptor gene polymorphisms"> leptin receptor gene polymorphisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86912/obesity-leptin-levels-and-leptin-receptor-gene-polymorphisms-in-afro-caribbean-subjects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Liquid Chromatography Microfluidics for Detection and Quantification of Urine Albumin Using Linear Regression Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20B.%20Cruz">Patricia B. Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catrina%20Jean%20G.%20Valenzuela"> Catrina Jean G. Valenzuela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Analyn%20N.%20Yumang"> Analyn N. Yumang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nearly a hundred per million of the Filipino population is diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The early stage of CKD has no symptoms and can only be discovered once the patient undergoes urinalysis. Over the years, different methods were discovered and used for the quantification of the urinary albumin such as the immunochemical assays where most of these methods require large machinery that has a high cost in maintenance and resources, and a dipstick test which is yet to be proven and is still debated as a reliable method in detecting early stages of microalbuminuria. This research study involves the use of the liquid chromatography concept in microfluidic instruments with biosensor as a means of separation and detection respectively, and linear regression to quantify human urinary albumin. The researchers’ main objective was to create a miniature system that quantifies and detect patients’ urinary albumin while reducing the amount of volume used per five test samples. For this study, 30 urine samples of unknown albumin concentrations were tested using VITROS Analyzer and the microfluidic system for comparison. Based on the data shared by both methods, the actual vs. predicted regression were able to create a positive linear relationship with an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9995 and a linear equation of y = 1.09x + 0.07, indicating that the predicted values and actual values are approximately equal. Furthermore, the microfluidic instrument uses 75% less in total volume – sample and reagents combined, compared to the VITROS Analyzer per five test samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chronic%20Kidney%20Disease" title="Chronic Kidney Disease">Chronic Kidney Disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linear%20Regression" title=" Linear Regression"> Linear Regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microfluidics" title=" Microfluidics"> Microfluidics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urinary%20Albumin" title=" Urinary Albumin"> Urinary Albumin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122205/liquid-chromatography-microfluidics-for-detection-and-quantification-of-urine-albumin-using-linear-regression-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Evaluating the Effects of an Educational Video on Running Shoe Selection and Subjective Perceptions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Fife">Andrew Fife</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Francois%20Esculier"> Jean-Francois Esculier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Codi%20Ramsey"> Codi Ramsey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Hebert-Losier"> Kim Hebert-Losier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: We aimed to identify how an evidence-based educational video influences how runners select shoes, and perceive shoe comfort, satisfaction, and performance over three months in comparison with a control video. Design: Two groups participated in a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Method: Fifty-six runners were randomly assigned to view one of two video presentations prior to purchasing new shoes for road running in speciality stores. Runners completed a survey with regards to their own shoes and one in reference to the new shoes purchased at three timepoints: before first use, onemonth post-purchase, and three-months post-purchase. Perceived shoe comfort, satisfaction, and performance were assessed using 100 mm visual analogue scales. Factors that influenced their shoe purchase were ranked in order of importance. Results: Comfort and satisfaction were not significantly different between groups and timepoints. The perceived performance of new shoes (75.6 mm) was significantly greater than own shoes (mean: 67.6 mm) before first use, but ratings returned to own-shoe levels one month later in both groups. The group receiving the evidence-based presentation reported their purchased shoes as being influenced more by the video (55.4 mm) than the control group (21.8 mm), although both chose the same brand and model as previously worn over half of the time. Runners in both groups prioritised fit, comfort, and choosing similar shoes to the ones they previously used. Conclusions: In contrast to expectations, the evidence-based educational video did not appear to influence running shoe selection, or overall perceived shoe comfort, satisfaction, or performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title="comfort">comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behaviour" title=" consumer behaviour"> consumer behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consciousness" title=" consciousness"> consciousness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=running" title=" running"> running</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoes" title=" shoes"> shoes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188323/evaluating-the-effects-of-an-educational-video-on-running-shoe-selection-and-subjective-perceptions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Inversion of the Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves Dispersion Curves through the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cerrato%20Casado">A. Cerrato Casado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Guigou"> C. Guigou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Jean"> P. Jean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this investigation, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to perform the inversion of the dispersion curves in the spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) method. This inverse problem usually presents complicated solution spaces with many local minima that make difficult the convergence to the correct solution. PSO is a metaheuristic method that was originally designed to simulate social behavior but has demonstrated powerful capabilities to solve inverse problems with complex space solution and a high number of variables. The dispersion curve of the synthetic soils is constructed by the vertical flexibility coefficient method, which is especially convenient for soils where the stiffness does not increase gradually with depth. The reason is that these types of soil profiles are not normally dispersive since the dominant mode of Rayleigh waves is usually not coincident with the fundamental mode. Multiple synthetic soil profiles have been tested to show the characteristics of the convergence process and assess the accuracy of the final soil profile. In addition, the inversion procedure is applied to multiple real soils and the final profile compared with the available information. The combination of the vertical flexibility coefficient method to obtain the dispersion curve and the PSO algorithm to carry out the inversion process proves to be a robust procedure that is able to provide good solutions for complex soil profiles even with scarce prior information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title="dispersion">dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20problem" title=" inverse problem"> inverse problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SASW" title=" SASW"> SASW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20profile" title=" soil profile"> soil profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87227/inversion-of-the-spectral-analysis-of-surface-waves-dispersion-curves-through-the-particle-swarm-optimization-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Bond Strength of Different Strengthening Systems: Concrete Elements under Freeze–Thaw Cycles and Salt Water Immersion Exposure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firas%20Al-Mahmoud">Firas Al-Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Michel%20Mechling"> Jean-Michel Mechling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Shaban"> Mohamed Shaban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The long-term durability of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites is often stated as being the main reason for the use of these materials. Indeed, structures externally or Near Surface Mounted (NSM) reinforced with Carbon Fibre Reinforcement Polymer CFRP are often in contact with temperature cycles and salt water immersion and other environmental conditions that reduce the expected durability of the system. Bond degradation is a frequent cause of premature failure of structural elements and environmental conditions are known to relate to such failures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of environmental exposure on the bond for different CFRP strengthening systems. Bending tests were conducted to evaluate the bond with and without environmental exposure. The specimens were strengthened with CFRP sheets, CFRP plates and NSM CFRP rods embedded in two filling materials: epoxy resin and mortar. Then, they were exposed to up to 300 freeze–thaw cycles. One freeze–thaw cycle consisted of four stages according to ASTM or immersed in 3.5% salted tap water. A total of thirty-six specimens were prepared for this purpose. Results showed a decrease in ultimate bond strength for specimens strengthened by CFRP sheets that were immersed in salt water for 120 days, while a reduction was shown for CFRP sheet and plate bonded specimens that were subjected to 300 freeze–thaw cycles. Exposing NSM CFRP rod strengthened specimens, embedded in resin or mortar, to freeze–thaw cycles or to immersion in salt water does not affect the bond strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRP" title=" FRP"> FRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond" title=" bond"> bond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze%E2%80%93thaw" title=" freeze–thaw"> freeze–thaw</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25195/bond-strength-of-different-strengthening-systems-concrete-elements-under-freeze-thaw-cycles-and-salt-water-immersion-exposure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> The Healing Theatre: Beyond Alienation and Fixation Discourse of Three Theatrical Personalities in Bode Ojoniyi’s Dramaturgy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwafemi%20Akinlawon%20Atoyebi">Oluwafemi Akinlawon Atoyebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines alienation and fixation as critical issues of/around mental health -crisis, sickness, and healing- through ‘Bode Ojoniyi’s dramaturgy. Two of his dramatic memoirs, arguably written to address such a life-threatening crisis between him and his employer, where he externalizes perhaps his psychological crisis, are critically analysed. This is done through a reading of the three theatrical phenomena of the actor, the character, and the audience against how he plays around the concepts of alienation and fixation within the totality of his dramaturgy beyond what could be seen as a mere academic exercise. The paper situates his apt understanding of their representations as a reflective force of a consciousness that defies psychosomatic existential conflicts. It does so by adopting a qualitative method of analysis through a critical reading of the two dramatic memoirs. It also carries out a survey on the audience that experienced the performances of the memoirs and an interview with Ojoniyi. Using Jean-Paul Sartre’s Theory of Existential Consciousness, the study discovers that there is a way the three phenomena of the actor, the character, and the audience do find expression in Ojoniyi as an existential omniscient playwright-actor-character-audience who is able to transcend the parochialism of an alienated and a fixated self; that beyond the limiting artistic purview, the theatre as a stage is a phenomenon that is capable of capturing the totality of the experiences of a man in his world and that, often time, the depressed are victims of the myopic syndrome as they probably could not see or reflect on/about their realities beyond the self and the play of a casual order. The study concludes that the therapeutic effect of Ojoniyi’s dramatic memoirs, in their reading or performance, is needed by all and should be explored in proffering cures for psychosomatic patients, for it promises to be essentially useful beyond its confine –the Arts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alienation" title="alienation">alienation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixation" title=" fixation"> fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20healing%20theatre" title=" the healing theatre"> the healing theatre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theatrical%20personalities" title=" theatrical personalities"> theatrical personalities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152982/the-healing-theatre-beyond-alienation-and-fixation-discourse-of-three-theatrical-personalities-in-bode-ojoniyis-dramaturgy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Flows Using a Pressure-Based Solver</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Zhang">Lei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Michel%20Ghidaglia"> Jean-Michel Ghidaglia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anela%20Kumbaro"> Anela Kumbaro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work focuses on numerical simulation of two-phase flows based on the bi-fluid six-equation model widely used in many industrial areas, such as nuclear power plant safety analysis. A pressure-based numerical method is adopted in our studies due to the fact that in two-phase flows, it is common to have a large range of Mach numbers because of the mixture of liquid and gas, and density-based solvers experience stiffness problems as well as a loss of accuracy when approaching the low Mach number limit. This work extends the semi-implicit pressure solver in the nuclear component CUPID code, where the governing equations are solved on unstructured grids with co-located variables to accommodate complicated geometries. A conservative version of the solver is developed in order to capture exactly the shock in one-phase flows, and is extended to two-phase situations. An inter-facial pressure term is added to the bi-fluid model to make the system hyperbolic and to establish a well-posed mathematical problem that will allow us to obtain convergent solutions with refined meshes. The ability of the numerical method to treat phase appearance and disappearance as well as the behavior of the scheme at low Mach numbers will be demonstrated through several numerical results. Finally, inter-facial mass and heat transfer models are included to deal with situations when mass and energy transfer between phases is important, and associated industrial numerical benchmarks with tabulated EOS (equations of state) for fluids are performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flows" title="two-phase flows">two-phase flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-fluid%20model" title=" bi-fluid model"> bi-fluid model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unstructured%20grids" title=" unstructured grids"> unstructured grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20appearance%20and%20disappearance" title=" phase appearance and disappearance"> phase appearance and disappearance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47231/numerical-simulation-of-two-phase-flows-using-a-pressure-based-solver" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Selectivity Mechanism of Cobalt Precipitation by an Imidazole Linker From an Old Battery Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna-Caroline%20Lavergne-Bril">Anna-Caroline Lavergne-Bril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Colin"> Jean-François Colin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Peralta"> David Peralta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascale%20Maldivi"> Pascale Maldivi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt is a critical material, widely used in Li-ion batteries. Due to the planned electrification of European vehicles, cobalt needs are expending – and resources are limited. To meet the needs in cobalt to come, it is necessary to develop new efficient ways to recycle cobalt. One of the biggest sources comes from old electrical vehicles batteries (batteries sold in 2019: 500 000 tons of waste to be). A closed loop process of cobalt recycling has been developed and this presentation aims to present the selectivity mechanism of cobalt over manganese and nickel in solution. Cobalt precipitation as a ZIF material (Zeolitic Imidazolate framework) from a starting solution composed of equimolar nickel, manganese and cobalt is studied. A 2-MeIm (2-methylimidazole) linker is introduced in a multimetallic Ni, Mn, Co solution and the resulting ZIF-67 is 100% pure Co among its metallic centers. Selectivity of Co over Ni is experimentally studied and DFT modelisation calculation are conducted to understand the geometry of ligand-metal-solvent complexes in solution. Selectivity of Co over Mn is experimentally studied, and DFT modelisation calcucation are conducted to understand the link between pKa of the ligand and precipitration of Mn impurities within the final material. Those calculation open the way to other ligand being used in the same process, with more efficiency. Experimental material are synthetized from bimetallic (Ni²⁺/Co²⁺, Mn²⁺/Co²⁺, Mn²⁺/Ni²⁺) solutions. Their crystallographic structure is analysed by XRD diffraction (Brüker AXS D8 diffractometer, Cu anticathode). Morphology is studied by scanning electron microscopy, using a LEO 1530 FE-SEM microscope. The chemical analysis is performed by using ICP-OES (Agilent Technologies 700 series ICP-OES). Modelisation calculation are DFT calculation (density functional theory), using B3LYP, conducted with Orca 4.2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOFs" title="MOFs">MOFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZIFs" title=" ZIFs"> ZIFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed-loop" title=" closed-loop"> closed-loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt" title=" cobalt"> cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion%20batteries" title=" li-ion batteries"> li-ion batteries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154201/selectivity-mechanism-of-cobalt-precipitation-by-an-imidazole-linker-from-an-old-battery-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Stock Market Integration of Emerging Markets around the Global Financial Crisis: Trends and Explanatory Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najlae%20Bendou">Najlae Bendou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Jacques%20Lilti"> Jean-Jacques Lilti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Elbadraoui"> Khalid Elbadraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we examine stock market integration of emerging markets around the global financial turmoil of 2007-2008. Following Pukthuanthong and Roll (2009), we measure the integration of 46 emerging countries using the adjusted R-square from the regression of each country's daily index returns on global factors extracted from the covariance matrix computed using dollar-denominated daily index returns of 17 developed countries. Our sample surrounds the global financial crisis and ranges between 2000 and 2018. We analyze results using four cohorts of emerging countries: East Asia & Pacific and South Asia, Europe & Central Asia, Latin America & Caribbean, Middle East & Africa. We find that the level of integration of emerging countries increases at the commencement of the crisis and during the booming phase of the business cycles. It reaches a maximum point in the middle of the crisis and then tends to revert to its pre-crisis level. This pattern tends to be common among the four geographic zones investigated in this study. Finally, we investigate the determinants of stock market integration of emerging countries in our sample using panel regressions. Our results suggest that the degree of stock market integration of these countries should be put into perspective by some macro-economic factors, such as the size of the equity market, school enrollment rate, international liquidity level, stocks traded volume, tax revenue level, imports and exports volumes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlations" title="correlations">correlations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants%20of%20integration" title=" determinants of integration"> determinants of integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversification" title=" diversification"> diversification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis" title=" financial crisis"> financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=markets%20co-movement" title=" markets co-movement"> markets co-movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20regressions" title=" panel regressions"> panel regressions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=r-square" title=" r-square"> r-square</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20markets" title=" stock markets"> stock markets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141988/stock-market-integration-of-emerging-markets-around-the-global-financial-crisis-trends-and-explanatory-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Variation In Gastrocnemius and Hamstring Muscle Activity During Peak Knee Flexor Torque After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hamstring Graft</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luna%20Sequier">Luna Sequier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florian%20Forelli"> Florian Forelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maude%20Traulle"> Maude Traulle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaury%20Vandebrouck"> Amaury Vandebrouck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascal%20Duffiet"> Pascal Duffiet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louis%20Ratte"> Louis Ratte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Mazeas"> Jean Mazeas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study's objective is to compare the muscular activity of the flexor knee muscle in patients who underwent an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft and the individuals who have not undergone surgery. Methods: The participants were divided into two groups: a healthy group and an experimental group who had undergone an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a hamstring graft. All participants had to perform a knee flexion strength test on an isokinetic dynamometer. The medial Gastrocnemius, lateral Gastrocnemius, Biceps femoris, and medial Hamstring muscle activity were measured during this test. Each group’s mean muscle activity was tested with statistical analysis, and a muscle activity ratio of gastrocnemius and hamstring muscles was calculated Results: The results showed a significant difference in activity of the medial gastrocnemius (p = 0,004901), the biceps femoris (p = 5,394.10-6), and the semitendinosus muscles (p = 1,822.10-6), with a higher Biceps femoris and Semitendinosus activity for the experimental group. It is however noticeable that inter-subject differences were important. Conclusion: This study has shown a difference in the gastrocnemius and hamstring muscle activity between patients who underwent an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery and healthy participants. With further results, this could show a modification of muscle activity patterns after surgery which could lead to compensatory behaviors at a return to sport and eventually explain a higher injury risk for our patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anterior%20cruciate%20ligament" title="anterior cruciate ligament">anterior cruciate ligament</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromyography" title=" electromyography"> electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20activity" title=" muscle activity"> muscle activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy"> physiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140445/variation-in-gastrocnemius-and-hamstring-muscle-activity-during-peak-knee-flexor-torque-after-anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction-with-hamstring-graft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Clean Sky 2 Project LiBAT: Light Battery Pack for High Power Applications in Aviation – Simulation Methods in Early Stage Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Dahlhaus">Jan Dahlhaus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandro%20Cardenas%20Miranda"> Alejandro Cardenas Miranda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederik%20Scholer"> Frederik Scholer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maximilian%20Leonhardt"> Maximilian Leonhardt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Moullion"> Matthias Moullion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Beutenmuller"> Frank Beutenmuller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20Eckhardt"> Julia Eckhardt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josef%20Wasner"> Josef Wasner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Nittel"> Frank Nittel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastian%20Stoll"> Sebastian Stoll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devin%0D%0AAtukalp"> Devin Atukalp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Folgmann"> Daniel Folgmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Mayer"> Tobias Mayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obrad%20Dordevic"> Obrad Dordevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Riley"> Paul Riley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Marc%20Le%20Peuvedic"> Jean-Marc Le Peuvedic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical and hybrid aerospace technologies pose very challenging demands on the battery pack – especially with respect to weight and power. In the Clean Sky 2 research project LiBAT (funded by the EU), the consortium is currently building an ambitious prototype with state-of-the art cells that shows the potential of an intelligent pack design with a high level of integration, especially with respect to thermal management and power electronics. For the latter, innovative multi-level-inverter technology is used to realize the required power converting functions with reduced equipment. In this talk the key approaches and methods of the LiBat project will be presented and central results shown. Special focus will be set on the simulative methods used to support the early design and development stages from an overall system perspective. The applied methods can efficiently handle multiple domains and deal with different time and length scales, thus allowing the analysis and optimization of overall- or sub-system behavior. It will be shown how these simulations provide valuable information and insights for the efficient evaluation of concepts. As a result, the construction and iteration of hardware prototypes has been reduced and development cycles shortened. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20aircraft" title="electric aircraft">electric aircraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery" title=" battery"> battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-ion" title=" Li-ion"> Li-ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-level-inverter" title=" multi-level-inverter"> multi-level-inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novec" title=" Novec"> Novec</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127279/clean-sky-2-project-libat-light-battery-pack-for-high-power-applications-in-aviation-simulation-methods-in-early-stage-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Molecular Modeling and Prediction of the Physicochemical Properties of Polyols in Aqueous Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Fontenele">Maria Fontenele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claude-Gilles%20Dussap"> Claude-Gilles Dussap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20Dumouilla"> Vincent Dumouilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baptiste%20Boit"> Baptiste Boit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roquette Frères is a producer of plant-based ingredients that employs many processes to extract relevant molecules and often transforms them through chemical and physical processes to create desired ingredients with specific functionalities. In this context, Roquette encounters numerous multi-component complex systems in their processes, including fibers, proteins, and carbohydrates, in an aqueous environment. To develop, control, and optimize both new and old processes, Roquette aims to develop new in silico tools. Currently, Roquette uses process modelling tools which include specific thermodynamic models and is willing to develop computational methodologies such as molecular dynamics simulations to gain insights into the complex interactions in such complex media, and especially hydrogen bonding interactions. The issue at hand concerns aqueous mixtures of polyols with high dry matter content. The polyols mannitol and sorbitol molecules are diastereoisomers that have nearly identical chemical structures but very different physicochemical properties: for example, the solubility of sorbitol in water is 2.5 kg/kg of water, while mannitol has a solubility of 0.25 kg/kg of water at 25°C. Therefore, predicting liquid-solid equilibrium properties in this case requires sophisticated solution models that cannot be based solely on chemical group contributions, knowing that for mannitol and sorbitol, the chemical constitutive groups are the same. Recognizing the significance of solvation phenomena in polyols, the GePEB (Chemical Engineering, Applied Thermodynamics, and Biosystems) team at Institut Pascal has developed the COSMO-UCA model, which has the structural advantage of using quantum mechanics tools to predict formation and phase equilibrium properties. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the behavior of polyols in aqueous solution. Specifically, we employ simulations to compute essential metrics such as radial distribution functions and hydrogen bond autocorrelation functions. Our findings illuminate a fundamental contrast: sorbitol and mannitol exhibit disparate hydrogen bond lifetimes within aqueous environments. This observation serves as a cornerstone in elucidating the divergent physicochemical properties inherent to each compound, shedding light on the nuanced interplay between their molecular structures and water interactions. We also present a methodology to predict the physicochemical properties of complex solutions, taking as sole input the three-dimensional structure of the molecules in the medium. Finally, by developing knowledge models, we represent some physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of sorbitol and mannitol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COSMO%20models" title="COSMO models">COSMO models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20bond" title=" hydrogen bond"> hydrogen bond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics" title=" molecular dynamics"> molecular dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185842/molecular-modeling-and-prediction-of-the-physicochemical-properties-of-polyols-in-aqueous-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Evaluation of the Ability of COVID-19 Infected Sera to Induce Netosis Using an Ex-Vivo NETosis Monitoring Tool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constant%20Gillot">Constant Gillot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pauline%20Michaux"> Pauline Michaux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julien%20Favresse"> Julien Favresse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Michel%20Dogn%C3%A9"> Jean-Michel Dogné</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Douxfils"> Jonathan Douxfils</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: NETosis has emerged as a crucial yet paradoxical factor in severe COVID-19 cases. While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) help contain and eliminate viral particles, excessive NET formation can lead to hyperinflammation, exacerbating tissue damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Aims: This study evaluates the relationship between COVID-19-infected sera and NETosis using an ex-vivo model. Methods: Sera from 8 post-admission COVID-19 patients, after receiving corticoid therapy, were used to induce NETosis in neutrophils from a healthy donor. NET formation was tracked using fluorescent markers for DNA and neutrophil elastase (NE) every 2 minutes for 8 hours. The results were expressed as a percentage of DNA/NE released over time. Key metrics, including T50 (time to 50% release) and AUC (area under the curve), representing total NETosis potential), were calculated. A 27-cytokine screening kit was used to assess the cytokine composition of the sera. Results: COVID-19 sera induced NETosis based on their cytokine profile. The AUC of NE and DNA release decreased with time following corticoid therapy, showing a significant reduction in 6 of the 8 patients (p<0.05). T50 also decreased in parallel with AUC for both markers. Cytokines concentration decrease with time after therapy administration. There is correlation between 14 cytokines concentration and NE release. Conclusion: This ex-vivo model successfully demonstrated the induction of NETosis by COVID-19 sera using two markers. A clear decrease in NETosis potential was observed over time with glucocorticoid therapy. This model can be a valuable tool for monitoring NETosis and investigating potential NETosis inducers and inhibitors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NETosis" title="NETosis">NETosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytokine%20storm" title=" cytokine storm"> cytokine storm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title=" biomarkers"> biomarkers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191033/evaluation-of-the-ability-of-covid-19-infected-sera-to-induce-netosis-using-an-ex-vivo-netosis-monitoring-tool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Integration of an Augmented Reality System for the Visualization of the HRMAS NMR Analysis of Brain Biopsy Specimens Using the Brainlab Cranial Navigation System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkrim%20Belhaoua">Abdelkrim Belhaoua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Pierre%20Radoux"> Jean-Pierre Radoux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Kuras"> Mariana Kuras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20R%C3%A9camier"> Vincent Récamier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martial%20Piotto"> Martial Piotto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Elbayed"> Karim Elbayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Proust"> François Proust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzie%20Namer"> Izzie Namer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes an augmented reality system dedicated to neurosurgery in order to assist the surgeon during an operation. This work is part of the ExtempoRMN project (Funded by Bpifrance) which aims at analyzing during a surgical operation the metabolic content of tumoral brain biopsy specimens by HRMAS NMR. Patients affected with a brain tumor (gliomas) frequently need to undergo an operation in order to remove the tumoral mass. During the operation, the neurosurgeon removes biopsy specimens using image-guided surgery. The biopsy specimens removed are then sent for HRMAS NMR analysis in order to obtain a better diagnosis and prognosis. Image-guided refers to the use of MRI images and a computer to precisely locate and target a lesion (abnormal tissue) within the brain. This is performed using preoperative MRI images and the BrainLab neuro-navigation system. With the patient MRI images loaded on the Brainlab Cranial neuro-navigation system in the operating theater, surgeons can better identify their approach before making an incision. The Brainlab neuro-navigation tool tracks in real time the position of the instruments and displays their position on the patient MRI data. The results of the biopsy analysis by 1H HRMAS NMR are then sent back to the operating theater and superimposed on the 3D localization system directly on the MRI images. The method we have developed to communicate between the HRMAS NMR analysis software and Brainlab makes use of a combination of C++, VTK and the Insight Toolkit using OpenIGTLink protocol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-navigation" title="neuro-navigation">neuro-navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title=" augmented reality"> augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopsy" title=" biopsy"> biopsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BrainLab" title=" BrainLab"> BrainLab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HR-MAS%20NMR" title=" HR-MAS NMR"> HR-MAS NMR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57089/integration-of-an-augmented-reality-system-for-the-visualization-of-the-hrmas-nmr-analysis-of-brain-biopsy-specimens-using-the-brainlab-cranial-navigation-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Ilizarov's External Fixator. A Bone Regeneration Method Little Used in Africa. Our Experience of 20 Years in Cameroon.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahima%20Farikou">Ibrahima Farikou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolontchang%20Gatchou%20Alberic%20Lionel"> Kolontchang Gatchou Alberic Lionel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsiagadgui%20Jean%20Gustave"> Tsiagadgui Jean Gustave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngo%20Yamben%20Marie-Ange"> Ngo Yamben Marie-Ange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Handy%20Eone%20Daniel"> Handy Eone Daniel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: It was in 1956 that Ilizarov pioneered the concept of osteogenesis in distraction by the device that bears his name to help produce bone and soft tissue regeneration and bone consolidation. This technique is not widely used in Africa where, however, its applications are numerous (loss of bone substances, congenital or acquired malformations). Our goal is to bring the indications of Ilizarov's device back to our practice conditions. Methods: Our study was conducted in 2 hospitals over a period of 20 years. For the retrospective phase, this study included all complete usable records of patients operated on in the Ilizarov external fixator department, and for the prospective phase, all patients operated on in the departments with complete usable records. Our sample was consecutive and not exhaustive. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23.0. Results: A total of 52 patients were reviewed. The average age of our patients was 14.7 years. The sex ratio was 1.6 in favor of men. The lower limb was the most affected (49), with a predominance of the tibia (62.4%). The average elongation was 6.4 cm. Traumatic acquired pathologies (delayed union, malunion) represented 60.6%. The mean time to union was seven months. Correction of the limb length discrepancy or filling of loss of bone substance was obtained in 75% of cases. Functionally, 80.8% of the patients treated had regained autonomy at the end of treatment, but in 17.3% of the patients, pain and limping persisted. Conclusion: This technique should be popularized in Africa because the benefit that would accrue to patients is invaluable and would be an attractive alternative to many amputations sometimes carried out in Africa by despair. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ilizarov" title="ilizarov">ilizarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20fixator" title=" external fixator"> external fixator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limb%20lengthening" title=" limb lengthening"> limb lengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20regeneration" title=" bone regeneration"> bone regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=africa" title=" africa"> africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157109/ilizarovs-external-fixator-a-bone-regeneration-method-little-used-in-africa-our-experience-of-20-years-in-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Tokyo Skyscrapers: Technologically Advanced Structures in Seismic Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Szolomicki">J. Szolomicki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Golasz-Szolomicka"> H. Golasz-Szolomicka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The architectural and structural analysis of selected high-rise buildings in Tokyo is presented in this paper. The capital of Japan is the most densely populated city in the world and moreover is located in one of the most active seismic zones. The combination of these factors has resulted in the creation of sophisticated designs and innovative engineering solutions, especially in the field of design and construction of high-rise buildings. The foreign architectural studios (as, for Jean Nouvel, Kohn Pedesen Associates, Skidmore, Owings & Merill) which specialize in the designing of skyscrapers, played a major role in the development of technological ideas and architectural forms for such extraordinary engineering structures. Among the projects completed by them, there are examples of high-rise buildings that set precedents for future development. An essential aspect which influences the design of high-rise buildings is the necessity to take into consideration their dynamic reaction to earthquakes and counteracting wind vortices. The need to control motions of these buildings, induced by the force coming from earthquakes and wind, led to the development of various methods and devices for dissipating energy which occur during such phenomena. Currently, Japan is a global leader in seismic technologies which safeguard seismic influence on high-rise structures. Due to these achievements the most modern skyscrapers in Tokyo are able to withstand earthquakes with a magnitude of over seven degrees at the Richter scale. Damping devices applied are of a passive, which do not require additional power supply or active one which suppresses the reaction with the input of extra energy. In recent years also hybrid dampers were used, with an additional active element to improve the efficiency of passive damping. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20structures" title="core structures">core structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping%20system" title=" damping system"> damping system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-rise%20building" title=" high-rise building"> high-rise building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20zone" title=" seismic zone"> seismic zone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96808/tokyo-skyscrapers-technologically-advanced-structures-in-seismic-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Antibacterial Activity and Kinetic Parameters of the Essential Oils of Drypetes Gossweileri S.Moore, Ocimun Gratissimum L. and Cymbopogon Citratus DC Stapf on 5 Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Shigella</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elsa%20Makue%20Nguuffo">Elsa Makue Nguuffo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Del%20Florence%20Moni%20Ndedi"> Esther Del Florence Moni Ndedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacky%20Njiki%20Biko%C3%AF"> Jacky Njiki Bikoï</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Paul%20Assam%20Assam"> Jean Paul Assam Assam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maximilienne%20Ascension%20Nyegue"> Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aims: The present study aims to evaluate the kinetic parameters of essential oils (EOs) and combinations fromDrypetes gossweileri Stem Bark, Ocimum gratissimum leaves, Cymbopogon citratusleaves after evaluation of their antibacterial activityonmultidrug-resistant strains ofShigella. Material and Methods:fiveclinical strains of Shigellaisolated from patients with diarrhoeaincluding Shigella flexneri, and 4 otherstrains of Shigella sppwere selected. Their antibiotic profile was established using agar test diffusion with seven antibiotics belonging to seven classes.EOs were extracted from each plant using hydrodistillation process. The activity of Ciprofloxacin®, OEs, and their combination formulatedinthe followingratios(w/w/w): C1: 1/1/1; C2: 2/1/1; C3: 1/2/1, C4:1/1/2 was evaluated microdilution assay. The various interactions of OEs in the different combinations were determined then the OE and the most active combination were retained to determine their kinetic parameters on S. flexneri. Results: Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that most Shigella isolates (n = 4) were resistant to six antibiotics tested. Ciprofloxacin (40%), Nalidixic acid (60%), Tetracycline (80%), Amoxicillin (100%), Cefotaxime (80%), Erythromycin (100%), and Cotrimoxazole (80%) were the profiles found in the different strains of Shigella. About the antibacterial activity of OEs, Drypetes gossweileriOE and C2 combination had shown a higher Shigellicide property with a Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC) respectivelyranging from 0.078 mg/mL to 0.312 mg/mL and 0.012 to 1.562 mg/mL. Combinations of OEs showed various interactions whose synergistic effects were mostly encountered. The best deactivation was obtained by the combination C2 at 16 MIC withb= 1.962. Conclusion: the susceptibility of Shigella to OEs and their combinations justifies their use in traditional medicine in the treatment of shigellosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shigella" title="shigella">shigella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidrug-resistant" title=" multidrug-resistant"> multidrug-resistant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EOs" title=" EOs"> EOs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic" title=" kinetic"> kinetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150997/antibacterial-activity-and-kinetic-parameters-of-the-essential-oils-of-drypetes-gossweileri-smoore-ocimun-gratissimum-l-and-cymbopogon-citratus-dc-stapf-on-5-multidrug-resistant-strains-of-shigella" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Beyond Baudrillard: A Critical Intersection between Semiotics and Materialism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Piluso">Francesco Piluso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, to restore the deconstructive power of semiotics implies a critical analysis of neoliberal ideology, and, even more critically, a confrontation with materialist perspective. The theoretical path of Jean Baudrillard is crucial to understand the ambivalence of this intersection. A semiotic critique of Baudrillard’s work, through tools of both structuralism and interpretative semiotics, has the aim to give materialism a new consistent semiotic approach and vice-versa. According to Baudrillard, the commodity form is characterized by the same abstract and systemic logic of the sign-form, in which the production of the signified (use-value) is a mere ideological mean for the reproduction of the signifiers-chain (exchange-value). Nevertheless, this parallelism is broken by the author himself: if the use-value is deconstructed in its relative logic, the signified and the referent, both as discrete and positive elements, are collapsed on the same plane at the shadows of the signified forms. These divergent considerations lead Baudrillard to the same crucial point: the dismissal of the material world, replaced by the hyperreality as reproduction of a semiotic (genetic) Code. The stress on the concept of form, as an epistemological and semiotic tool to analyse the construction of values in the consumer society, has led to the Code as its ontological drift. In other words, Baudrillard seems to enclose consumer society (and reality) in this immanent and self-fetishized world of signs–an ideological perspective that mystifies the gravity of the material relationships between Northern-Western World and Third World. The notion of Encyclopaedia by Umberto Eco is the key to overturn the relationship of immanence/transcendence between the Code and the economic political of the sign, by understanding the former as an ideological plane within the encyclopedia itself. Therefore, rather than building semiotic (hyper)realities, semiotics has to deal with materialism in terms of material relationships of power which are mystified and reproduced through such ideological ontologies of signs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baudrillard" title="Baudrillard">Baudrillard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Code" title=" Code"> Code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eco" title=" Eco"> Eco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Encyclopaedia" title=" Encyclopaedia"> Encyclopaedia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epistemology%20vs.%20ontology" title=" epistemology vs. ontology"> epistemology vs. ontology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiotics%20vs.%20materialism" title=" semiotics vs. materialism"> semiotics vs. materialism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95467/beyond-baudrillard-a-critical-intersection-between-semiotics-and-materialism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Estimation of Exhaust and Non-Exhaust Particulate Matter Emissions’ Share from On-Road Vehicles in Addis Ababa City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Neway%20Jida">Solomon Neway Jida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Francois%20Hetet"> Jean-Francois Hetet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascal%20Chesse"> Pascal Chesse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vehicular emission is the key source of air pollution in the urban environment. This includes both fine particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and coarse particulate matters (PM<sub>10</sub>). However, particulate matter emissions from road traffic comprise emissions from exhaust tailpipe and emissions due to wear and tear of the vehicle part such as brake, tire and clutch and re-suspension of dust (non-exhaust emission). This study estimates the share of the two sources of pollutant particle emissions from on-roadside vehicles in the Addis Ababa municipality, Ethiopia. To calculate its share, two methods were applied; the exhaust-tailpipe emissions were calculated using the Europeans emission inventory Tier II method and Tier I for the non-exhaust emissions (like vehicle tire wear, brake, and road surface wear). The results show that of the total traffic-related particulate emissions in the city, 63% emitted from vehicle exhaust and the remaining 37% from non-exhaust sources. The annual roads transport exhaust emission shares around 2394 tons of particles from all vehicle categories. However, from the total yearly non-exhaust particulate matter emissions’ contribution, tire and brake wear shared around 65% and 35% emanated by road-surface wear. Furthermore, vehicle tire and brake wear were responsible for annual 584.8 tons of coarse particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) and 314.4 tons of fine particle matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) emissions in the city whereas surface wear emissions were responsible for around 313.7 tons of PM<sub>10</sub> and 169.9 tons of PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollutant emissions in the city. This suggests that non-exhaust sources might be as significant as exhaust sources and have a considerable contribution to the impact on air quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Addis%20Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20emission" title=" automotive emission"> automotive emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20estimation" title=" emission estimation"> emission estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matters" title=" particulate matters "> particulate matters </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124798/estimation-of-exhaust-and-non-exhaust-particulate-matter-emissions-share-from-on-road-vehicles-in-addis-ababa-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Linear and Nonlinear Resonance of Flat Bottom Hole in an Aluminum Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biaou%20Jean-Baptiste%20Kouchoro">Biaou Jean-Baptiste Kouchoro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anissa%20Meziane"> Anissa Meziane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippe%20Micheau"> Philippe Micheau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathieu%20Renier"> Mathieu Renier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Quaegebeur"> Nicolas Quaegebeur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerous experimental and numerical studies have shown the interest of the local defects resonance (LDR) for the Non-Destructive Testing of metallic and composite plates. Indeed, guided ultrasonic waves such as Lamb waves, which are increasingly used for the inspection of these flat structures, enable the generation of local resonance phenomena by their interaction with a damaged area, allowing the detection of defects. When subjected to a large amplitude motion, a nonlinear behavior can predominate in the damaged area. This work presents a 2D Finite Element Model of the local resonance of a 12 mm long and 5 mm deep Flat Bottom Hole (FBH) in a 6 mm thick aluminum plate under the excitation induced by an incident A0 Lamb mode. The analysis of the transient response of the FBH enables the precise determination of its resonance frequencies and the associate modal deformations. Then, a linear parametric study varying the geometrical properties of the FBH highlights the sensitivity of the resonance frequency with respect to the plate thickness. It is demonstrated that the resonance effect disappears when the ratio of thicknesses between the FBH and the plate is below 0.1. Finally, the nonlinear behavior of the FBH is considered and studied introducing geometrical (taken into account the nonlinear component of the strain tensor) nonlinearities that occur at large vibration amplitudes. Experimental analysis allows observation of the resonance effects and nonlinear response of the FBH. The differences between these experimental results and the numerical results will be commented on. The results of this study are promising and allow to consider more realistic defects such as delamination in composite materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20waves" title="guided waves">guided waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20testing" title=" non-destructive testing"> non-destructive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20field%20testing" title=" dynamic field testing"> dynamic field testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20ultrasound%2Fvibration" title=" non-linear ultrasound/vibration"> non-linear ultrasound/vibration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146110/linear-and-nonlinear-resonance-of-flat-bottom-hole-in-an-aluminum-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Dynamic-cognition of Strategic Mineral Commodities; An Empirical Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Tapia%20Cortez">Carlos Tapia Cortez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serkan%20Saydam"> Serkan Saydam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeff%20Coulton"> Jeff Coulton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claude%20Sammut"> Claude Sammut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strategic mineral commodities (SMC) both energetic and metals have long been fundamental for human beings. There is a strong and long-run relation between the mineral resources industry and society's evolution, with the provision of primary raw materials, becoming one of the most significant drivers of economic growth. Due to mineral resources’ relevance for the entire economy and society, an understanding of the SMC market behaviour to simulate price fluctuations has become crucial for governments and firms. For any human activity, SMC price fluctuations are affected by economic, geopolitical, environmental, technological and psychological issues, where cognition has a major role. Cognition is defined as the capacity to store information in memory, processing and decision making for problem-solving or human adaptation. Thus, it has a significant role in those systems that exhibit dynamic equilibrium through time, such as economic growth. Cognition allows not only understanding past behaviours and trends in SCM markets but also supports future expectations of demand/supply levels and prices, although speculations are unavoidable. Technological developments may also be defined as a cognitive system. Since the Industrial Revolution, technological developments have had a significant influence on SMC production costs and prices, likewise allowing co-integration between commodities and market locations. It suggests a close relation between structural breaks, technology and prices evolution. SCM prices forecasting have been commonly addressed by econometrics and Gaussian-probabilistic models. Econometrics models may incorporate the relationship between variables; however, they are statics that leads to an incomplete approach of prices evolution through time. Gaussian-probabilistic models may evolve through time; however, price fluctuations are addressed by the assumption of random behaviour and normal distribution which seems to be far from the real behaviour of both market and prices. Random fluctuation ignores the evolution of market events and the technical and temporal relation between variables, giving the illusion of controlled future events. Normal distribution underestimates price fluctuations by using restricted ranges, curtailing decisions making into a pre-established space. A proper understanding of SMC's price dynamics taking into account the historical-cognitive relation between economic, technological and psychological factors over time is fundamental in attempting to simulate prices. The aim of this paper is to discuss the SMC market cognition hypothesis and empirically demonstrate its dynamic-cognitive capacity. Three of the largest and traded SMC's: oil, copper and gold, will be assessed to examine the economic, technological and psychological cognition respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commodity%20price%20simulation" title="commodity price simulation">commodity price simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commodity%20price%20uncertainties" title=" commodity price uncertainties"> commodity price uncertainties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic-cognition" title=" dynamic-cognition"> dynamic-cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20systems" title=" dynamic systems"> dynamic systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36210/dynamic-cognition-of-strategic-mineral-commodities-an-empirical-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Plural Perspectives in Conservation Conflicts: The Role of Iconic Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Hug%C3%A9">Jean Hugé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Benitez-Capistros"> Francisco Benitez-Capistros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgia%20Camperio-Ciani"> Giorgia Camperio-Ciani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Addressing conservation conflicts requires the consideration of multiple stakeholders' perspectives and knowledge claims, in order to inform complex and possibly contentious decision-making dilemmas. Hence, a better understanding of why people in particular contexts act in a particular way in a conservation conflict is needed. First, this contribution aims at providing and applying an approach to map and interpret the diversity of subjective viewpoints with regard to iconic species in conservation conflicts. Secondly, this contribution aims to feed the reflection on the possible consequences of the diversity of perspectives for the future management of wildlife (in particular iconic species), based on case studies in Galapagos and Malaysia. The use of the semi-quantitative Q methodology allowed us to identify various perspectives on conservation in different social-ecological contexts. While the presence of iconic species may lead to a more passionate and emotional debate, it may also provide more opportunities for finding common ground and for jointly developing acceptable management solutions that will depolarize emergent, long-lasting or latent conservation conflicts. Based on the research team’s experience in the field, and on the integration of ecological and social knowledge, methodological and management recommendations are made with regard to conservation conflicts involving iconic wildlife. The mere presence of iconic wildlife does not guarantee its centrality in conservation conflicts, and comparisons will be drawn between the cases of the giant tortoises (Chelonoidis spec.) in Galapagos, Ecuador and the Milky Stork (Mycteria cinerea) in western peninsular Malaysia. Acknowledging the diversity of viewpoints, reflecting how different stakeholders see, act and talk about wildlife management, highlights the need to develop pro-active and resilient strategies to deal with these issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20conflicts" title="conservation conflicts">conservation conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q%20methodology" title=" Q methodology"> Q methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galapagos" title=" Galapagos"> Galapagos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=giant%20tortoise" title=" giant tortoise"> giant tortoise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milky%20stork" title=" milky stork"> milky stork</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62671/plural-perspectives-in-conservation-conflicts-the-role-of-iconic-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Prevalence of Different Poultry Parasitoses in Farms Modern in the North of Ivory Coast</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coulibaly%20Fatoumata">Coulibaly Fatoumata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gragnon%20Biego"> Gragnon Biego</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aka%20N.%20David"> Aka N. David</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mbari%20K.%20Benjamin"> Mbari K. Benjamin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soro%20Y.%20Ren%C3%A9"> Soro Y. René</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndiaye%20Jean-louis"> Ndiaye Jean-louis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poultry is nowadays one of the most consumed sources of protein, and its livestock represents one of the few opportunities for savings, investment and protection against risk. It provides income for the most vulnerable sections of society, in particular, women (70%) and children who mainly practice this breeding. A study was conducted in the commune of Korhogo at the level of 52 poultry farms, the objective of which was to know the epidemiological situation of parasitism external and internal poultry in order to contribute to the improvement of the health status of modern poultry farms in the said commune. The method described by OIE (2005), consisting of using the standard formula (n = δ2*p*(1-p) *c /i2), made it possible to calculate the size of the sample. Then, samples of droppings and ectoparasites were taken from the affected farms. After analysis and identification, two (2) species of mallophagous lice, including Menopon gallinae (50%) and Menacanthus stramineus (33%) and a species of bug Cimex lectularius (17%) were highlighted. The laying hens were more infested than broilers. Regarding gastrointestinal parasites, different species (six) have been identified: Trichostrongylus tenuis (17%), Syngamus trachea (19%), Heterakis sp (10%), Ascaridia sp (17%), Raillietina sp (8%) and Eimeria sp (29%). In addition, coccidiosis (Eimeria sp) proved to be the dominant pathology representing 67% of pathologies in broiler farms and 33% in poultry farms. The presence of these parasitoses in these modern farms constitutes a constraint major contribution to productivity and their development In view of all these difficulties, proposals have been made in order to participate in the establishment of a good prophylaxis program (health and medical). In addition, the Ivorian government, with the support of veterinarians, must interfere more in the organization of the health monitoring of traditional chickens and poultry in general through supervision and training in order to preserve public health ( animal, human and environmental health). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastrointestinal%20parasites" title="gastrointestinal parasites">gastrointestinal parasites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ectoparasites" title=" ectoparasites"> ectoparasites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathologies" title=" pathologies"> pathologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry" title=" poultry"> poultry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=korhogo." title=" korhogo."> korhogo.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166439/prevalence-of-different-poultry-parasitoses-in-farms-modern-in-the-north-of-ivory-coast" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Meet Automotive Software Safety and Security Standards Expectations More Quickly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Pouilly">Jean-François Pouilly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study addresses the growing complexity of embedded systems and the critical need for secure, reliable software. Traditional cybersecurity testing methods, often conducted late in the development cycle, struggle to keep pace. This talk explores how formal methods, integrated with advanced analysis tools, empower C/C++ developers to 1) Proactively address vulnerabilities and bugs, which includes formal methods and abstract interpretation techniques to identify potential weaknesses early in the development process, reducing the reliance on penetration and fuzz testing in later stages. 2) Streamline development by focusing on bugs that matter, with close to no false positives and catching flaws earlier, the need for rework and retesting is minimized, leading to faster development cycles, improved efficiency and cost savings. 3) Enhance software dependability which includes combining static analysis using abstract interpretation with full context sensitivity, with hardware memory awareness allows for a more comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities, leading to more dependable and secure software. This approach aligns with industry best practices (ISO2626 or ISO 21434) and empowers C/C++ developers to deliver robust, secure embedded systems that meet the demands of today's and tomorrow's applications. We will illustrate this approach with the TrustInSoft analyzer to show how it accelerates verification for complex cases, reduces user fatigue, and improves developer efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and software cybersecurity. In summary, integrating formal methods and sound Analyzers enhances software reliability and cybersecurity, streamlining development in an increasingly complex environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title="safety">safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISO26262" title=" ISO26262"> ISO26262</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISO24434" title=" ISO24434"> ISO24434</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20methods" title=" formal methods"> formal methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190202/meet-automotive-software-safety-and-security-standards-expectations-more-quickly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> The Problem of Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Small Island Towns: The Case of Foundiougne in Senegal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Hadji%20Mamadou%20Sonko">El Hadji Mamadou Sonko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndiogou%20Sankhare"> Ndiogou Sankhare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%C3%AFmouna%20Lo"> Maïmouna Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Birane%20Gning"> Jean Birane Gning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheikh%20Diop"> Cheikh Diop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Senegal, access to water, hygiene, and sanitation in small island towns is a particular problem, which is still poorly understood by the public authorities and development aid actors. The main objective of this study carried out in the Municipality of Foundiougne is to contribute to the knowledge of the problems related to the supply of drinking water, access to sanitation, and hygiene in small island towns in Senegal. The methodology adopted consisted of a literature review and quantitative surveys of a sample of 100 households in the Municipality. Semi-structured interviews using interview guides and informal interviews were also conducted with mechanical and manual emptiers, municipal authorities, public toilet managers, and neighbourhood leaders. Direct observation with photography was also used. The results show that, with regard to access to drinking water, 35% of households have unimproved water services, 46% have a limited level of service, and 19% have a basic level of service. Regarding sanitation, 77% of households are considered to have access to basic sanitation services, compared to 23% with limited sanitation services. However, these figures hide the dysfunctions of the sanitation system. Indeed, manual emptying is practiced exclusively by 4% of households, while 17% of households combine it with mechanical emptying. In addition, domestic wastewater is mainly evacuated outside the sanitation facilities, and all the sludge extracted from the pits is discharged directly into the environment without treatment. As a matter of fact, the surveys showed that 52% of households do not have access to a basic level of hygiene-related to handwashing when leaving the toilet. These results show that there is real work to be done at the level of small urban centres if we want to achieve MDG 6. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foundiougne" title="Foundiougne">Foundiougne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senegal" title=" Senegal"> Senegal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20island" title=" small island"> small island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20town" title=" small town"> small town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-sanitation" title=" water-sanitation"> water-sanitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygiene" title=" hygiene"> hygiene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149588/the-problem-of-access-to-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-in-small-island-towns-the-case-of-foundiougne-in-senegal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Humans, Social Robots, and Mutual Love: An Application of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruby%20Jean%20Hornsby">Ruby Jean Hornsby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In our rapidly advancing techno-moral world, human-robot relationships are increasingly becoming a part of intimate human life. Indeed, social robots - that is, autonomous or semi-autonomous embodied artificial agents that generally possess human or animal-like qualities (such as responding to environmental stimuli, communicating, learning, performing human tasks, and making autonomous decisions) - have been designed to function as human friends. In light of such advances, immediate philosophical scrutiny is imperative in order to examine the extent to which human-robot interactions constitute genuine friendship and therefore contribute towards the good human life. Aristotle's conception of friendship is philosophically illuminating and sufficiently broad in scope to guide such analysis. On his account, it is necessary (though not sufficient) that for a friendship to exist between two agents - A and B - both agents must have a mutual love for one another. Aristotle claims that A loves B if: Condition 1: A desires those apparent good (qua pleasant, useful, or virtuous) properties attributable to B, and Condition 2: A has goodwill (wishes what is best) for B. This paper argues that human-robot interaction can (and does) successfully meet both conditions; as such, it demonstrates that robots and humans can reciprocally love one another. It will argue for this position by first justifying the claim that a human can desire apparent good features attributable to a robot (i.e., by taking them to be pleasant and/or useful) and outlining how it is that a human can wish a robot well in light of that robot's (quasi-) interests. Next, the paper will argue that a robot can (quasi-)desire certain properties that are attributable to a human before elucidating how it is possible for a robot to act in the interests of a human. Accordingly, this paper will conclude that it is already the case that humans can formulate relationships with robots that involve reciprocated love. This is significant because it suggests that social robots are candidates for human friendship and can therefore contribute toward flourishing human futures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ancient%20philosophy" title="ancient philosophy">ancient philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friendship" title=" friendship"> friendship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-disciplinary%20applied%20ethics" title=" inter-disciplinary applied ethics"> inter-disciplinary applied ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=love" title=" love"> love</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20robotics" title=" social robotics"> social robotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154931/humans-social-robots-and-mutual-love-an-application-of-aristotles-nicomachean-ethics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> A Serious Game to Upgrade the Learning of Organizational Skills in Nursing Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benoit%20Landi">Benoit Landi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herv%C3%A9%20Pingaud"> Hervé Pingaud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Benoit%20Culie"> Jean-Benoit Culie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Galaup"> Michel Galaup</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Serious games have been widely disseminated in the field of digital learning. They have proved their utility in improving skills through virtual environments that simulate the field where new competencies have to be improved and assessed. This paper describes how we created CLONE, a serious game whose purpose is to help nurses create an efficient work plan in a hospital care unit. In CLONE, the number of patients to take care of is similar to the reality of their job, going far beyond what is currently practiced in nurse school classrooms. This similarity with the operational field increases proportionally the number of activities to be scheduled. Moreover, very often, the team of nurses is composed of regular nurses and nurse assistants that must share the work with respect to the regulatory obligations. Therefore, on the one hand, building a short-term planning is a complex task with a large amount of data to deal with, and on the other, good clinical practices have to be systematically applied. We present how reference planning has been defined by addressing an optimization problem formulation using the expertise of teachers. This formulation ensures the gameplay feasibility for the scenario that has been produced and enhanced throughout the game design process. It was also crucial to steer a player toward a specific gaming strategy. As one of our most important learning outcomes is a clear understanding of the workload concept, its factual calculation for each caregiver along time and its inclusion in the nurse reasoning during planning elaboration are focal points. We will demonstrate how to modify the game scenario to create a digital environment in which these somewhat abstract principles can be understood and applied. Finally, we give input on an experience we had on a pilot of a thousand undergraduate nursing students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care%20planning" title="care planning">care planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workload" title=" workload"> workload</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20design" title=" game design"> game design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20nurse" title=" hospital nurse"> hospital nurse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20skills" title=" organizational skills"> organizational skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20learning" title=" digital learning"> digital learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serious%20game" title=" serious game"> serious game</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142315/a-serious-game-to-upgrade-the-learning-of-organizational-skills-in-nursing-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Influence of Thermal Damage on the Mechanical Strength of Trimmed CFRP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Mullier">Guillaume Mullier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Fran%C3%A7ois%20Chatelain"> Jean François Chatelain </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) are widely used for advanced applications, in particular in aerospace, automotive and wind energy industries. Once cured to near net shape, CFRP parts need several finishing operations such as trimming, milling or drilling in order to accommodate fastening hardware and meeting the final dimensions. The present research aims to study the effect of the cutting temperature in trimming on the mechanical strength of high performance CFRP laminates used for aeronautics applications. The cutting temperature is of great importance when dealing with trimming of CFRP. Temperatures higher than the glass-transition temperature (Tg) of the resin matrix are highly undesirable: they cause degradation of the matrix in the trimmed edges area, which can severely affect the mechanical performance of the entire component. In this study, a 9.50 mm diameter CVD diamond coated carbide tool with six flutes was used to trim 24-plies CFRP laminates. A 300 m/min cutting speed and 1140 mm/min feed rate were used in the experiments. The tool was heated prior to trimming using a blowtorch, for temperatures ranging from 20°C to 300°C. The temperature at the cutting edge was measured using embedded K-Type thermocouples. Samples trimmed for different cutting temperatures, below and above Tg, were mechanically tested using three-points bending short-beam loading configurations. New cutting tools as well as worn cutting tools were utilized for the experiments. The experiments with the new tools could not prove any correlation between the length of cut, the cutting temperature and the mechanical performance. Thus mechanical strength was constant, regardless of the cutting temperature. However, for worn tools, producing a cutting temperature rising up to 450°C, thermal damage of the resin was observed. The mechanical tests showed a reduced mean resistance in short beam configuration, while the resistance in three point bending decreases with increase of the cutting temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title="composites">composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trimming" title=" trimming"> trimming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20damage" title=" thermal damage"> thermal damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%0D%0Aquality" title=" surface quality"> surface quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31144/influence-of-thermal-damage-on-the-mechanical-strength-of-trimmed-cfrp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Gender-Specific Vulnerability on Climate Change and Food Security Status - A Catchment Approach on Agroforestry Systems - A Multi-Country Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerihun%20Yohannes%20Amare%20Id">Zerihun Yohannes Amare Id</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernhard%20Freyer"> Bernhard Freyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ky%20Serge%20Stephane"> Ky Serge Stephane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ou%C3%A9da%20Adama"> Ouéda Adama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blessing%20Mudombi"> Blessing Mudombi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Nzuma"> Jean Nzuma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekonen%20Getachew%20Abebe"> Mekonen Getachew Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adane%20Tesfaye"> Adane Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Birtukan%20Atinkut%20Asmare"> Birtukan Atinkut Asmare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfahun%20Asmamaw%20Kassie"> Tesfahun Asmamaw Kassie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was conducted in Ethiopia (Zege Catchment) (ZC), Zimbabwe (Upper Save Catchment) (USC), and Burkina Faso (Nakambe Catchment) (NC). The study utilized a quantitative approach with 180 participants and complemented it with qualitative methods, including 33 key informant interviews and 6 focus group discussions. Households in ZC (58%), NC (55%), and US (40%) do not cover their household food consumption from crop production. The households rely heavily on perennial cash crops rather than annual crop production. Exposure indicators in ZC (0.758), USC (0.774), and NC (0.944), and sensitivity indicators in ZC (0.849) and NC (0.937) show statistically significant and high correlation with vulnerability. In the USC, adaptive capacity (0.746) and exposure (0.774) are also statistically significant and highly correlated with vulnerability. Vulnerability levels of the NC are very high (0.75) (0.85 female and 0.65 male participants) compared to the USC (0.66) (0.69 female and 0.61 male participants) and ZC (0.47) (0.34 female and 0.58 male participants). Female-headed households had statistically significantly lower vulnerability index compared to males in ZC, while male-headed households had statistically significantly lower vulnerability index compared to females in USC and NC. The reason is land certification in ZC (80%) is higher than in the US (10%) and NC (8%). Agroforestry practices variables across the study catchments had statistically significant contributions to households' adaptive capacity. We conclude that agroforestry practices do have substantial benefits in increasing women's adaptive capacity and reducing their vulnerability to climate change and food insecurity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20vulnerability" title="climate change vulnerability">climate change vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroforestry" title=" agroforestry"> agroforestry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sub-Saharan%20Africa" title=" Sub-Saharan Africa"> Sub-Saharan Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170698/gender-specific-vulnerability-on-climate-change-and-food-security-status-a-catchment-approach-on-agroforestry-systems-a-multi-country-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Internal Stresses and Structural Evolutions in Zr Alloys during Oxidation at High Temperature and Subsequent Cooling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raphaelle%20Guillou">Raphaelle Guillou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthieu%20Le%20Saux"> Matthieu Le Saux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Christophe%20Brachet"> Jean-Christophe Brachet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Guilbert"> Thomas Guilbert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elodie%20Rouesne"> Elodie Rouesne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Menut"> Denis Menut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Toffolon-Masclet"> Caroline Toffolon-Masclet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominique%20Thiaudiere"> Dominique Thiaudiere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In some hypothetical accidental situations, such as during a Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA) in pressurized water reactors, fuel cladding tubes made of zirconium alloys can be exposed for a few minutes to steam at High Temperature (HT up to 1200°C) before being cooled and then quenched in water. Under LOCA-like conditions, the cladding undergoes a number of metallurgical changes (phase transformations, oxygen diffusion and growth of an oxide layer...) and is consequently submitted to internal stresses whose state evolves during the transient. These stresses can have an effect on the oxide structure and the oxidation kinetics of the material. They evolve during cooling, owing to differences between the thermal expansion coefficients of the various phases and phase transformations of the metal and the oxide. These stresses may result in the failure of the cladding during quenching, once the material is embrittled by oxidation. In order to progress in the evaluation of these internal stresses, X-ray diffraction experiments were performed in-situ under synchrotron radiation during HT oxidation and subsequent cooling on Zircaloy-4 sheet samples. First, structural evolutions, such as phase transformations, have been studied as a function of temperature for both the oxide layer and the metallic substrate. Then, internal stresses generated within the material oxidized at temperatures between 700 and 900°C have been evaluated thanks to the 2θ diffraction peak position shift measured during the in-situ experiments. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis was performed on the samples after cooling in order to characterize their crystallographic texture. Furthermore, macroscopic strains induced by oxidation in the conditions investigated during the in-situ X-ray diffraction experiments were measured in-situ in a dilatometer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APRP" title="APRP">APRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stains%20measurements" title=" stains measurements"> stains measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchrotron%20diffraction" title=" synchrotron diffraction"> synchrotron diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zirconium%20allows" title=" zirconium allows"> zirconium allows</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55439/internal-stresses-and-structural-evolutions-in-zr-alloys-during-oxidation-at-high-temperature-and-subsequent-cooling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Claude%20Kamgang&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Claude%20Kamgang&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Claude%20Kamgang&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Claude%20Kamgang&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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