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name="search" placeholder="Procurar en Wikipedia" aria-label="Procurar en Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Procurar neste wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Procurar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Procurar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramentas persoais"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Mam%C3%ADferos" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Mam%C3%ADferos" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Máis opcións" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas persoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span 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title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Características" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Características"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Características</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Características-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Características"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Características-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Pel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aparello_locomotor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aparello_locomotor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Aparello locomotor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aparello_locomotor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sistema_óseo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistema_óseo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Sistema óseo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistema_óseo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aparello_dixestivo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aparello_dixestivo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Aparello dixestivo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aparello_dixestivo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aparello_respiratorio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aparello_respiratorio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Aparello respiratorio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aparello_respiratorio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aparello_circulatorio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aparello_circulatorio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Aparello circulatorio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aparello_circulatorio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistema_nervioso" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistema_nervioso"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Sistema nervioso</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistema_nervioso-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reprodución" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reprodución"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Reprodución</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reprodución-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comportamento" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comportamento"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Comportamento</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Comportamento-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Comportamento"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Comportamento-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comunicación_e_vocalización" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comunicación_e_vocalización"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Comunicación e vocalización</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comunicación_e_vocalización-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clasificación_dos_mamíferos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clasificación_dos_mamíferos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clasificación dos mamíferos</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clasificación_dos_mamíferos-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Clasificación dos mamíferos"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clasificación_dos_mamíferos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taxonomía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Taxonomía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Ordes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filoxenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filoxenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Filoxenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filoxenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relacións_filoxenéticas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relacións_filoxenéticas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Relacións filoxenéticas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relacións_filoxenéticas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Árbore_filoxenética" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Árbore_filoxenética"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Árbore filoxenética</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Árbore_filoxenética-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolución_dos_mamíferos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolución_dos_mamíferos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Evolución dos mamíferos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolución_dos_mamíferos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mamíferos</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 210 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-210" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">210 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soogdier" title="Soogdier – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Soogdier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Säugetiere" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A1%E1%89%B5_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8C%A5%E1%89%A2" title="ጡት አጥቢ – amhárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጡት አጥቢ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syced%C4%93or" title="Sycedēor – inglês antigo" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sycedēor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="inglês antigo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%80" title="स्तनपायी – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="स्तनपायी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ثدييات – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثدييات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AC%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܬܕܝܬܐ – arameo" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܬܕܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بزوليات – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بزوليات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ثدييات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ثدييات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="স্তন্যপায়ী প্ৰাণী – assamés" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="স্তন্যপায়ী প্ৰাণী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91u%C3%B1uri" title="Ñuñuri – aimará" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Ñuñuri" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99m%C9%99lil%C9%99r" title="Məməlilər – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məməlilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="ممه‌لیلر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ممه‌لیلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%80%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80" title="Һөтимәрҙәр – baxkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һөтимәрҙәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoviecha" title="Spoviecha – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Spoviecha" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDvier%C4%93" title="Žvierē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žvierē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalya" title="Mamalya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mamalya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Млекакормячыя – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Млекакормячыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Сысуны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сысуны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Бозайници – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бозайници" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2" title="मैमल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मैमल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%80" title="স্তন্যপায়ী – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্তন্যপায়ী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="འུ་འཐུང་སྲོག་ཆགས། – tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འུ་འཐུང་སྲོག་ཆགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronneg" title="Bronneg – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bronneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisari" title="Sisari – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sisari" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Хүхэтэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүхэтэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ADfers" title="Mamífers – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mamífers" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C3%B4-%E1%B9%B3%CC%84_d%C3%B4ng-%C5%ADk" title="Buô-ṳ̄ dông-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Buô-ṳ̄ dông-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamipero" title="Mamipero – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mamipero" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%BA%E1%8E%B9%E1%8E%B5" title="ᎺᎹᎵ – cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎺᎹᎵ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گوانداران – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گوانداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammiferu" title="Mammiferu – corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mammiferu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memeliler" title="Memeliler – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Memeliler" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savci" title="Savci – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Savci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%95%D1%82%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D3%B3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Сĕтпе ӳсекенсем – chuvaxo" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сĕтпе ӳсекенсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvaxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamal" title="Mamal – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mamal" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattedyr" title="Pattedyr – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pattedyr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C5%8Bk%C9%94bigu" title="Biŋkɔbigu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Biŋkɔbigu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Säugetiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1%C3%A7ey%C4%B1ni" title="Çıçeyıni – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Çıçeyıni" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycaki" title="Cycaki – baixo sorbio" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Cycaki" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baixo sorbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A3dziviwo" title="Lãdziviwo – ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Lãdziviwo" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C" title="Θηλαστικό – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θηλαστικό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuloj" title="Mamuloj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mamuloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imetajad" title="Imetajad – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Imetajad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugaztun" title="Ugaztun – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ugaztun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferu" title="Mamíferu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mamíferu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پستانداران – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پستانداران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nis%C3%A4kk%C3%A4%C3%A4t" title="Nisäkkäät – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nisäkkäät" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imet%C3%A4j%C3%A4" title="Imetäjä – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Imetäjä" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAgdj%C3%B3r" title="Súgdjór – feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Súgdjór" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammif%C3%A8re" title="Mammifère – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mammifère" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamif%C3%A8ro" title="Mamifèro – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mamifèro" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetjdiarten" title="Tetjdiarten – frisón setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tetjdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBchdieren" title="Sûchdieren – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sûchdieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamach" title="Mamach – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mamach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmif%C3%A8" title="Manmifè – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Manmifè" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamal" title="Mamal – gaélico escocés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mamal" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okamb%C3%BAva" title="Okambúva – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Okambúva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheeintagh" title="Sheeintagh – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sheeintagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%B9%B3%CC%8Dt-nen_thung-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Sṳ̍t-nen thung-vu̍t – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sṳ̍t-nen thung-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="יונקים – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יונקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="स्तनधारी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्तनधारी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisavci" title="Sisavci – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sisavci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycaki" title="Cycaki – alto sorbio" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Cycaki" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamif%C3%A8" title="Mamifè – crioulo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mamifè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioulo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eml%C5%91s%C3%B6k" title="Emlősök – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Emlősök" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կաթնասուններ – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կաթնասուններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammiferos" title="Mammiferos – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mammiferos" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammiferes" title="Mammiferes – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mammiferes" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Дакхадийнаташ – inguxo" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дакхадийнаташ" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamifero" title="Mamifero – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mamifero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spend%C3%BDr" title="Spendýr – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Spendýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%B1%E1%93%B1%E1%92%83%E1%91%8E" title="ᐱᓱᒃᑎ – inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐱᓱᒃᑎ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E9%A1%9E" title="哺乳類 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="哺乳類" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamal" title="Mamal – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Mamal" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/mabru" title="mabru – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="mabru" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ძუძუმწოვრები – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძუძუმწოვრები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timsu%E1%B9%ADad" title="Timsuṭad – cabila" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timsuṭad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D3%80%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="ШэрыпӀхэр – cabardiano" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="ШэрыпӀхэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="cabardiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kp%C9%A9n%C9%9B_h%C9%A9%C9%96%C9%9B_%C3%B1%C9%A9n%C9%96%C9%9B" title="Kpɩnɛ hɩɖɛ ñɩnɖɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kpɩnɛ hɩɖɛ ñɩnɖɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyama_ya_mabele" title="Nyama ya mabele – kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Nyama ya mabele" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%82%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сүтқоректілер – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сүтқоректілер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C" title="ថនិកសត្វ – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ថនិកសត្វ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸಸ್ತನಿ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಸ್ತನಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%9C%A0%EB%A5%98" title="포유류 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포유류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BC%D3%A7%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Нимӧтчиссез – komi permio" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Нимӧтчиссез" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi permio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%84%D9%85%D9%8E%D9%84_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1" title="مۄمَل جانور – caxemirés" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مۄمَل جانور" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caxemirés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guhandar" title="Guhandar – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Guhandar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronnvil" title="Bronnvil – córnico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bronnvil" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="córnico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%82_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%87%D2%AF" title="Сүт эмүүчү – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сүт эмүүчү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamend%C3%A9ieren" title="Mamendéieren – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mamendéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80" title="Некхъвадайбур – lezguio" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Некхъвадайбур" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezguio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamal" title="Mamal – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mamal" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoogdiere" title="Zoogdiere – limburgués" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zoogdiere" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamifer" title="Mamifer – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mamifer" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamifer" title="Mamifer – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mamifer" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyama_ya_mab%C9%9B%CC%81l%C9%9B" title="Nyama ya mabɛ́lɛ – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nyama ya mabɛ́lɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%A5%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B3%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ສັດລ້ຽງລູກດ້ວຍນ້ຳນົມ – laosiano" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສັດລ້ຽງລູກດ້ວຍນ້ຳນົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDinduoliai" title="Žinduoliai – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žinduoliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%ABd%C4%ABt%C4%81ji" title="Zīdītāji – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zīdītāji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="स्तनधारी प्राणी – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="स्तनधारी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B9%D1%85%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Лофцта потяйхтне – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Лофцта потяйхтне" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biby_mampinono" title="Biby mampinono – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Biby mampinono" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%A7%D1%80_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BE" title="Шӧр пукшышо – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шӧр пукшышо" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whakangote" title="Whakangote – maorí" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Whakangote" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binatang_manyusuan" title="Binatang manyusuan – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Binatang manyusuan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Цицачи – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цицачи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="സസ്തനി – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സസ്തനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D1%85%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Хөхтөн – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хөхтөн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="सस्तन प्राणी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सस्तन प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%88%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Шӹшер качшы вольыквлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шӹшер качшы вольыквлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammiferu" title="Mammiferu – maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mammiferu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB" title="နို့တိုက်သတ္တဝါ – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နို့တိုက်သတ္တဝါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="کاله‌دارون – mazandaraní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کاله‌دارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammifere" title="Mammifere – napolitano" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Mammifere" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6%C3%B6gdeerten" title="Söögdeerten – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Söögdeerten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoogdeers" title="Zoogdeers – baixo saxón" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zoogdeers" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baixo saxón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="स्तनधारी प्राणी – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्तनधारी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoogdieren" title="Zoogdieren – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zoogdieren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattedyr" title="Pattedyr – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pattedyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattedyr" title="Pattedyr – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pattedyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammif%C3%A9the" title="Mammiféthe – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mammiféthe" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidi%C5%82_Daazdo%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD_d%C3%B3%C3%B3_Da%CA%BCa%C5%82t%CA%BCo%CA%BC%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bidił Daazdoígíí dóó Daʼałtʼoʼígíí – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bidił Daazdoígíí dóó Daʼałtʼoʼígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoosiiftoota" title="Hoosiiftoota – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Hoosiiftoota" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%80" title="ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାୟୀ – odiá" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାୟୀ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odiá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80%C3%A6%D0%B9%D1%85%C3%A6%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Æхсырæйхæсджытæ – ossetio" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æхсырæйхæсджытæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਥਣਧਾਰੀ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਥਣਧਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Säugetiere" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssaki" title="Ssaki – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ssaki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ACfer" title="Mamìfer – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mamìfer" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%DD%A8_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تھݨ دار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تھݨ دار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%89_%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%83%D9%89_%DA%98%D9%88%D9%8A" title="تى لرونكى ژوي – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تى لرونكى ژوي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Mamíferos – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mamíferos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91u%C3%B1uq" title="Ñuñuq – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ñuñuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammals" title="Mammals – romanche" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mammals" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamifer" title="Mamifer – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mamifer" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Млекопитающие – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Млекопитающие" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%86%D1%97" title="Ссавцї – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ссавцї" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%83" title="सस्तनः – sánscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सस्तनः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sánscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Кыыл – iacuto" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кыыл" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacuto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – escocés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="مماليا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مماليا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisavac" title="Sisavac – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sisavac" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94" title="ක්‍ෂීරපායි සත්තු – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ක්‍ෂීරපායි සත්තු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mammal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicavce" title="Cicavce – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cicavce" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesalci" title="Sesalci – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sesalci" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamele" title="Mamele – samoano" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Mamele" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njom%C3%A2tteijeeh" title="Njomâtteijeeh – saami de Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Njomâtteijeeh" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="saami de Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzinoyamwisa" title="Dzinoyamwisa – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Dzinoyamwisa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naasley" title="Naasley – somalí" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Naasley" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjitari" title="Gjitari – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjitari" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сисари – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сисари" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suugedierte" title="Suugedierte – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Suugedierte" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – sundanés" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A4ggdjur" title="Däggdjur – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Däggdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" title="Mamalia – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mamalia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyckocze" title="Cyckocze – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Cyckocze" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/paycucuay" title="paycucuay – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="paycucuay" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="பாலூட்டி – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாலூட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="క్షీరదాలు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్షీరదాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferu" title="Mamíferu – tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Mamíferu" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%85%D3%AF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ширхӯрон – taxico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ширхӯрон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1" title="สัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนม – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalya" title="Mamalya – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mamalya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamel" title="Mamel – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Mamel" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memeliler" title="Memeliler – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Memeliler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B7%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Имезүчеләр – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Имезүчеләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%82_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сүт чемиштиг амытаннар – tuvaniano" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Сүт чемиштиг амытаннар" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvaniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%86%D1%96" title="Ссавці – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ссавці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81" title="ممالیہ – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ممالیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sut_emizuvchilar" title="Sut emizuvchilar – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sut emizuvchilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%ACfari" title="Mamìfari – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mamìfari" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imetai%C5%BEivatad" title="Imetaiživatad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Imetaiživatad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%9Bp_Th%C3%BA" title="Lớp Thú – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lớp Thú" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoogb%C3%AAestn" title="Zoogbêestn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zoogbêestn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCganim" title="Süganim – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Süganim" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biesse_%C3%A5s_tetes" title="Biesse ås tetes – valón" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Biesse ås tetes" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" title="Mammalia – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mammalia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳動物 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哺乳動物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%97%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Үсын теҗәлтенер – calmuco" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Үсын теҗәлтенер" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmuco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ბჟაშუმუეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბჟაშუმუეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="זויגער – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זויגער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8ranko_af%E1%BB%8Dm%C3%BAb%E1%BB%8D%CC%81m%E1%BB%8D" title="Ẹranko afọmúbọ́mọ – ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹranko afọmúbọ́mọ" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doenghduz_nyamhcij" title="Doenghduz nyamhcij – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doenghduz nyamhcij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoogdieren" title="Zoogdieren – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zoogdieren" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哺乳动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C4%AB-leng_t%C5%8Dng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chhī-leng tōng-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhī-leng tōng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳動物 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哺乳動物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiNcelisi" title="IsiNcelisi – zulú" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiNcelisi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7377#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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</p> <div> <table class="toccolours" style="width:225px; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; float:right; clear:right; border-collapse: collapse" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background:#D3D3A4;" colspan="2"><span style="font-size:125%; font-weight: bold;">Mamíferos<br /><i>Mammalia</i></span><br /><small>Rango fósil: <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico" title="Triásico">triásico</a> final – <a href="/wiki/Holoceno" title="Holoceno">actualidade</a></small> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Mammal_Diversity_2011.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Mammal_Diversity_2011.png/260px-Mammal_Diversity_2011.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="365" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Mammal_Diversity_2011.png/390px-Mammal_Diversity_2011.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Mammal_Diversity_2011.png/520px-Mammal_Diversity_2011.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="745" /></a></span><br /><small>Exemplos de mamíferos de varias ordes.</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background: #D3D3A4;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Clasificaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Clasificación científica">Clasificación científica</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left; background:none; color:inherit" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td>Dominio: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reino_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (bioloxía)">Reino</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Subreino: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eumetazoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Eumetazoa">Eumetazoa</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Superfilo: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuterostomia">Deuterostomia</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordata">Chordata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Subfilo: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Infrafilo: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gnathostomata" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnathostomata">Gnathostomata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Superclase: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrapoda">Tetrapoda</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clase_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Clase (bioloxía)">Clase</a>: </td> <td><b>Mammalia</b><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Linnaeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, 1758</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#D3D3A4"> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Clase_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Clase (bioloxía)">Subclases</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allotheria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allotheria (a páxina aínda non existe)">Allotheria</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Extinci%C3%B3n" title="Extinción">†</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prototheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Prototheria">Prototheria</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Australosphenida" title="Australosphenida">Australosphenida</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theria" class="mw-redirect" title="Theria">Theria</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trituberculata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trituberculata (a páxina aínda non existe)">Trituberculata</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Extinci%C3%B3n" title="Extinción">†</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marsupialia" class="mw-redirect" title="Marsupialia">Marsupialia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></i> (= <i>Placentalia</i>)</li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p>Os <b>mamíferos</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latín</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Mammalia</i></span>) son unha <a href="/wiki/Clase_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Clase (bioloxía)">clase</a> de <a href="/wiki/Amniotas" title="Amniotas">amniotas</a> que se caracterizan pola súa <a href="/wiki/Homeotermia" title="Homeotermia">homeotermia</a>. Distínguénse doutros amniotas, como o son os <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ptil" class="mw-redirect" title="Réptil">réptiles</a> e as <a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">aves</a>, pola mandíbula inferior formada por un único <a href="/wiki/%C3%93so" title="Óso">óso</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Maxilar_inferior" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxilar inferior">maxilar inferior</a> (tamén chamado <a href="/wiki/Dentario" class="mw-redirect" title="Dentario">dentario</a>), por presentaren tres ósos medios na <a href="/wiki/Cadea_de_%C3%B3sos_do_o%C3%ADdo" title="Cadea de ósos do oído">cadea de ósos do oído</a>, por teren os <a href="/wiki/Dente" title="Dente">dentes</a> moi especializados, pola presenza dun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Padal_secundario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Padal secundario (a páxina aínda non existe)">padal secundario</a>, pola de <a href="/wiki/Pelaxe" title="Pelaxe">pelaxe</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Olfacto" title="Olfacto">olfacto</a> moi desenvolvido, polo seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoc%C3%B3rtex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neocórtex (a páxina aínda non existe)">neocórtex</a> e pola produción de <a href="/wiki/Leite" title="Leite">leite</a> das <a href="/wiki/Femia" title="Femia">femias</a> para alimentar as súas crías. O cerebro dos mamíferos regula a temperatura corporal e o <a href="/wiki/Sistema_circulatorio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema circulatorio">sistema circulatorio</a>, incluído o <a href="/wiki/Coraz%C3%B3n" title="Corazón">corazón</a>. Os mamíferos abranguen os animais máis grandes do planeta, as baleas <a href="/wiki/Balaenopteridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Balaenopteridae">rorcuais</a>, así como os máis intelixentes ou con maior capacidade cognitiva; como son os <a href="/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante">elefantes</a>, algúns <a href="/wiki/Primate" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate">primates</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cet%C3%A1ceo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cetáceo">cetáceos</a>. Anatomicamente, o corpo é de catro patas adaptadas aos medios terrestres, mais algúns mamíferos están adaptados á vida mariña, arbórea, no aire ou sobre dúas pernas. O grupo máis grande de mamíferos, os <a href="/wiki/Placentarios" title="Placentarios">placentarios</a> teñen <a href="/wiki/Placenta" title="Placenta">placenta</a> e alimentan as crias despois do remate do empreñe. O tamaño dos mamíferos vai de tan só 30 ou 40 milímetros a 33 metros de longo. </p><p>A ciencia que estuda os mamíferos denomínase <a href="/wiki/Teriolox%C3%ADa" title="Terioloxía">terioloxía</a>. </p><p>Os mamíferos apareceron a finais do <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico" title="Triásico">Triásico</a>, hai uns 210 millóns de anos. Abranguen aproximadamente 5 400 especies, entre as que está o <a href="/wiki/Ser_humano" title="Ser humano">ser humano</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Características"><span id="Caracter.C3.ADsticas"></span>Características</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Características»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Características"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A principal característica, que alude ó nome da clase, é a presenza de <a href="/wiki/Mama" class="mw-redirect" title="Mama">glándulas mamarias</a> nas femias de tódalas especies. Estas <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A1ndula" title="Glándula">glándulas</a> segregan <a href="/wiki/Leite" title="Leite">leite</a> para alimentar as crías durante os seus primeiros meses de vida. </p><p>Outros caracteres son a simplificación esquelética do <a href="/wiki/Cranio" title="Cranio">cranio</a> e da <a href="/wiki/Mand%C3%ADbula" title="Mandíbula">mandíbula</a> inferior (un só <a href="/wiki/%C3%93so" title="Óso">óso</a>, chamado <i>dentario</i>) con dentes moi especializados, a presenza dun <i>padal secundario</i>, a aparición dos cóndilos occipitais para a articulación do cranio coa <a href="/wiki/Columna_vertebral" title="Columna vertebral">columna vertebral</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Cadea_de_%C3%B3sos_do_o%C3%ADdo" title="Cadea de ósos do oído">cadea de osiños do oído</a>, que permiten a transmisión do <a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">son</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Olfacto" title="Olfacto">olfacto</a> moi desenvolvido, a maior complexidade do <a href="/wiki/Cerebro" title="Cerebro">cerebro</a>, a aparición dun <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_diafragma" title="Músculo diafragma">diafragma muscular</a> para separar a <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rax" title="Tórax">cavidade torácica</a> da <a href="/wiki/Abdome" title="Abdome">abdominal</a>, e para rematar, o revestimento de <a href="/wiki/Pelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelo">pelos</a> que presenta toda a superficie do corpo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pel">Pel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Pel»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Pel"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg/220px-Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg/330px-Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg/440px-Diagram_of_human_skin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="577" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pel" title="Pel">Pel</a> <a href="/wiki/Ser_humano" title="Ser humano">humana</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Pel" title="Pel">pel</a>, xeralmente espesa, está formada por unha capa exterior ou <a href="/wiki/Epiderme" title="Epiderme">epiderme</a>, unha capa profunda ou <a href="/wiki/Derme" title="Derme">derme</a> e un estrato subcutáneo repleto de <a href="/wiki/Graxa" title="Graxa">graxa</a> que lle serve de protección contra as perdas de <a href="/wiki/Calor" title="Calor">calor</a>, xa que os mamíferos son animais <a href="/wiki/Homeotermia" title="Homeotermia">homeotermos</a>. </p><p>Os <a href="/wiki/Pelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelo">pelos</a> orixínanse na epiderme e neles pódese distinguir unha parte saínte ou talo e outra parte oculta na pel ou raíz; esta raíz é máis grosa na súa parte inferior formando o <i>bulbo pilífero</i>. A raíz está protexida por unha especie de vaíña, de orixe epidérmica, que recibe o nome do <i><a href="/wiki/Fol%C3%ADculo_piloso" title="Folículo piloso">folículo</a></i>, e no que desembocan as <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A1ndula_seb%C3%A1cea" title="Glándula sebácea">glándulas sebáceas</a> que lubrican o pelo. No folículo implántanse o <i>músculo horripilador</i>, que é o responsable do levantamento vertical do mesmo. Nos mamíferos de vida acuática e nos que viven en climas tropicais, os pelos adoitan reducirse en número e tamaño e, ás veces, desaparecen no estado adulto. </p><p>Na pel, ademais dos pelos, implántanse as glándulas mamarias e as <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A1ndula_sudor%C3%ADpara" title="Glándula sudorípara">glándulas sudoríparas</a>, que segregan, a través de poros da epiderme, un líquido composto por substancias tóxicas para o organismo (<a href="/wiki/Suor" title="Suor">suor</a>). </p><p>Outras formacións cutáneas de natureza córnea que presentan os mamíferos son as <a href="/wiki/Unlla" title="Unlla">unllas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corno" title="Corno">cornos</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Peteiro" title="Peteiro">pico</a> (no caso do <a href="/wiki/Ornitorrinco" title="Ornitorrinco">ornitorrinco</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aparello_locomotor">Aparello locomotor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Aparello locomotor»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Aparello locomotor"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O aparello locomotor é o conxunto de sistemas e tecidos que posibilitan o mantemento do corpo do animal e o seu movemento. Está formado polo sistema óseo, o sistema muscular e o sistema articular. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sistema_óseo"><span id="Sistema_.C3.B3seo"></span>Sistema óseo</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Sistema óseo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Sistema óseo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame,_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins,_1860.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg/333px-Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg" decoding="async" width="333" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg/500px-Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg/666px-Comparative_view_of_the_human_and_lion_frame%2C_Benjamin_Waterhouse_Hawkins%2C_1860.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3813" data-file-height="2779" /></a><figcaption>Comparativa entre o esqueleto dun león e un humano</figcaption></figure> <p>O sistema óseo está formado polo <a href="/wiki/Esqueleto" title="Esqueleto">esqueleto</a>, no que se poden distinguir: </p> <ul><li>O <i>esqueleto axial</i>, do que forman parte: <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Cabeza" title="Cabeza">cabeza</a>, co <a href="/wiki/Cranio" title="Cranio">cranio</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Mand%C3%ADbula" title="Mandíbula">mandíbula</a>. No cranio e na mandíbula implántase unha dentición, permanente ao chegar ao estado adulto. A maioría dos mamíferos posúen <a href="/wiki/Dente" title="Dente">dentes</a> de catro tipos distintos: incisivos, que serven para cortar, caninos, que son máis puntiagudos e utilízanse para desgarrar, premolares, planos e destinados a esmagar os alimentos, e molares, de estrutura moi semellante aos anteriores, pero máis anchos.</li> <li>No <a href="/wiki/Tronco_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Tronco (anatomía)">tronco</a> sitúase a <a href="/wiki/Columna_vertebral" title="Columna vertebral">columna vertebral</a>, composta de <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9rtebra" title="Vértebra">vértebras</a> que levan distinto nome segundo a rexión onde se atopan: cervicais, torácicas, lumbares, sacras e caudais ou <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3ccix" title="Cóccix">coccíxeas</a>. Nalgunhas especies as vértebras da rexión caudal están moi reducidas. Nas vértebras torácicas articúlanse as <a href="/wiki/Costela" title="Costela">costelas</a></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rax" title="Tórax">caixa torácica</a>, situada tamén no tronco, formada polo <a href="/wiki/Esterno" title="Esterno">esterno</a> e as costelas.</li></ul></li> <li>O <i>esqueleto apendicular</i>, cuxos elementos son: <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Cintura_escapular" title="Cintura escapular">cintura escapular</a>, formada pola <a href="/wiki/Clav%C3%ADcula" title="Clavícula">clavícula</a> e as <a href="/wiki/Omoplata" title="Omoplata">omoplatas</a> ou escápulas.</li> <li>A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cintura_pelviana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cintura pelviana (a páxina aínda non existe)">cintura pelviana</a> co <a href="/wiki/Ilio" title="Ilio">ilio</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Isquion" class="mw-redirect" title="Isquion">isquion</a> e o <a href="/wiki/%C3%93so_pube" title="Óso pube">pube</a>.</li> <li>As <a href="/wiki/Extremidade" title="Extremidade">extremidades</a>, que son basicamente de tipo <i>quiridio</i>, pero adoitan sufrir modificacións acordes ao modo de desprazamento de cada <a href="/wiki/Especie" title="Especie">especie</a>. Así, nos mamíferos acuáticos transfórmanse en <a href="/wiki/Aleta" title="Aleta">aletas</a> para nadar e nos <a href="/wiki/Morcego" class="mw-redirect" title="Morcego">morcegos</a> os dedos das extremidades anteriores alónganse moito e permanecen unidos por unha ancha membrana ou <a href="/wiki/Pataxio" title="Pataxio">pataxio</a>. Nos mamíferos terrestres tamén se producen lixeiras variacións, dependendo da parte da extremidade que se apoie ao andar: os que apoian todo o pé denomínanse <a href="/wiki/Plant%C3%ADgrado" title="Plantígrado">plantígrados</a>; os que apoian os dedos, <a href="/wiki/Dixit%C3%ADgrado" title="Dixitígrado">dixitígrados</a>, e os que unicamente tocan o chan coas últimas falanxes, <a href="/wiki/Ungulado" title="Ungulado">ungulados</a>. As extremidades clasifícanse en anteriores (<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Amero" title="Úmero">úmero</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%BAbito" title="Cúbito">cúbito</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_(%C3%B3so)" title="Radio (óso)">radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carpo" title="Carpo">carpos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metacarpo" title="Metacarpo">metacarpos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Falanxe_(%C3%B3sos)" title="Falanxe (ósos)">falanxes</a>), e posteriores (<a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9mur" title="Fémur">fémur</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3tula" title="Rótula">rótula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibia" title="Tibia">tibia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peron%C3%A9" title="Peroné">peroné</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarso_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Tarso (anatomía)">tarsos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metatarso" title="Metatarso">metatarsos</a> e falanxes).</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Ademais existen outras formacións óseas como o óso <a href="/wiki/Hioide" title="Hioide">hioide</a> (sostén da lingua), os ósos do <a href="/wiki/O%C3%ADdo_medio" title="Oído medio">oído medio</a>, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baculum (a páxina aínda non existe)">baculum</a> dalgúns carnívoros e mesmo os <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93sos_card%C3%ADacos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ósos cardíacos (a páxina aínda non existe)">ósos cardíacos</a> dalgúns bóvidos nos que osifica a cartilaxe cardíaca. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aparello_dixestivo">Aparello dixestivo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Aparello dixestivo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Aparello dixestivo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Gastro-intestinal_tract.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gastro-intestinal_tract.png/220px-Gastro-intestinal_tract.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="444" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gastro-intestinal_tract.png 1.5x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aparello_dixestivo" title="Aparello dixestivo">Aparello dixestivo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Está formado por unha <a href="/wiki/Boca" title="Boca">boca</a>, con <a href="/wiki/Dente" title="Dente">dentes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beizo" title="Beizo">beizos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua">lingua</a>, na cal desembocan as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gl%C3%A1ndula_salival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glándula salival (a páxina aínda non existe)">glándulas salivais</a>; unha <a href="/wiki/Farinxe" title="Farinxe">farinxe</a> curta; un <a href="/wiki/Es%C3%B3fago" title="Esófago">esófago</a> que atravesa o diafragma; un <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B3mago" title="Estómago">estómago</a> en forma de saco e no que desembocan as <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A1ndula_g%C3%A1strica" title="Glándula gástrica">glándulas gástricas</a>; un <a href="/wiki/Intestino_delgado" title="Intestino delgado">intestino delgado</a> moi longo, dividido en tres partes (<a href="/wiki/Duodeno" title="Duodeno">duodeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xexuno" title="Xexuno">xexuno</a> e <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dleo" title="Íleo">íleo</a>) e no que se produce parte da absorción da substancias alimenticias, e un intestino terminal, que comprende o <a href="/wiki/Cego_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Cego (anatomía)">cego</a> (moi desenvolvido en <a href="/wiki/Herb%C3%ADvoro" title="Herbívoro">herbívoros</a>), o <a href="/wiki/Intestino_groso" title="Intestino groso">groso</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Recto" title="Recto">recto</a>, que desemboca ao exterior polo <a href="/wiki/Ano_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Ano (anatomía)">ano</a>. </p><p>Ademais existen unha serie de glándulas anexas, entre as que hai que destacar o <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADgado" title="Fígado">fígado</a>, moi voluminoso e provisto dunha <a href="/wiki/Ves%C3%ADcula_biliar" title="Vesícula biliar">vesícula biliar</a>, e o <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1ncreas" title="Páncreas">páncreas</a>, que verte a súa secreción no duodeno. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aparello_respiratorio">Aparello respiratorio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Aparello respiratorio»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Aparello respiratorio"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Lungs_anatomy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Lungs_anatomy.png/220px-Lungs_anatomy.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Lungs_anatomy.png/330px-Lungs_anatomy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Lungs_anatomy.png/440px-Lungs_anatomy.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aparello_respiratorio" title="Aparello respiratorio">Aparello respiratorio</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A respiración é de tipo <a href="/wiki/Respiraci%C3%B3n_pulmonar" title="Respiración pulmonar">pulmonar</a> e lévase a cabo por dous <a href="/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3n" title="Pulmón">pulmóns</a>, libres na <a href="/wiki/Pleura_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Pleura (anatomía)">cavidade pleural</a>, e que se ramifican en <a href="/wiki/Bronquio" title="Bronquio">bronquios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronqu%C3%ADolo" title="Bronquíolo">bronquíolos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Alv%C3%A9olo_pulmonar" title="Alvéolo pulmonar">alvéolos pulmonares</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aparello_circulatorio">Aparello circulatorio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Aparello circulatorio»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Aparello circulatorio"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Gray513.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/220px-Gray513.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/330px-Gray513.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/440px-Gray513.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aparello_circulatorio" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparello circulatorio">Aparello circulatorio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arteria_car%C3%B3tide_interna" title="Arteria carótide interna">carótide</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A circulación é dobre e completa. O <a href="/wiki/Coraz%C3%B3n" title="Corazón">corazón</a> está dividido en dúas <a href="/wiki/Aur%C3%ADcula_cardiaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurícula cardiaca">aurículas</a> e dous <a href="/wiki/Ventr%C3%ADculo_(card%C3%ADaco)" title="Ventrículo (cardíaco)">ventrículos</a>, levando a parte dereita <a href="/wiki/Sangue" title="Sangue">sangue</a> <a href="/wiki/Vea" title="Vea">venoso</a> e a esquerda <a href="/wiki/Arteria" title="Arteria">arterial</a>. Ademais, existe unha complicada rede de vasos venosos e arteriais que chegan a tódalas partes do organismo. </p><p>Ademais da circulación sanguínea, nos mamíferos existe unha abundante <a href="/wiki/Sistema_linf%C3%A1tico" title="Sistema linfático">rede linfática</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sistema_nervioso">Sistema nervioso</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Sistema nervioso»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Sistema nervioso"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O <a href="/wiki/Enc%C3%A9falo" title="Encéfalo">encéfalo</a> acada un gran tamaño, estando particularmente desenvolvidos os hemisferios <a href="/wiki/Cerebro" title="Cerebro">cerebrais</a>. O <a href="/wiki/Cerebelo" title="Cerebelo">cerebelo</a> tamén aumenta de tamaño con respecto aos outros grupos de vertebrados. </p><p>A actividade psíquica é moito maior que no resto dos animais e nas formas máis evolucionada aprécianse trazos de <a href="/wiki/Memoria" title="Memoria">memoria</a> e, ás veces, de <a href="/wiki/Intelixencia" title="Intelixencia">intelixencia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reprodución"><span id="Reproduci.C3.B3n"></span>Reprodución</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Reprodución»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Reprodución"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En tódolos mamíferos preséntanse os <a href="/wiki/Sexo" title="Sexo">sexos</a> separados e a reprodución é de tipo <a href="/wiki/Viv%C3%ADparo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivíparo">vivípara</a>, agás no grupo dos <a href="/wiki/Monotrema" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotrema">monotremas</a>, que é <a href="/wiki/Ov%C3%ADparo" title="Ovíparo">ovípara</a>. </p><p>O desenvolvemento do <a href="/wiki/Embri%C3%B3n" title="Embrión">embrión</a> vai acompañado da formación dunha serie de anexos embrionarios, como son o <a href="/wiki/Corion" title="Corion">corion</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amnio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amnio (a páxina aínda non existe)">amnio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alantoide" title="Alantoide">alantoide</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Saco_vitelino" title="Saco vitelino">saco vitelino</a>. As peluxes do corion, xunto co alantoide, únense á parede do <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Atero" title="Útero">útero</a> e dan lugar á <a href="/wiki/Placenta" title="Placenta">placenta</a>. Esta permanece unida ao embrión polo <a href="/wiki/Cord%C3%B3n_umbilical" title="Cordón umbilical">cordón umbilical</a>, e é a través del por onde pasan a substancias nutritivas da nai ao feto e as substancias de refugo do feto á nai. </p><p>O período de <a href="/wiki/Xestaci%C3%B3n" title="Xestación">xestación</a> e o número de crías por camada varían moito segundo os grupos. Normalmente, canto maior é o tamaño do <a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">animal</a>, máis longo é o período de xestación e menor o número de crías. A maior parte dos mamíferos proporcionan aos seus fillos coidados paternais. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comportamento">Comportamento</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar a sección: «Comportamento»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Comportamento"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comunicación_e_vocalización"><span id="Comunicaci.C3.B3n_e_vocalizaci.C3.B3n"></span>Comunicación e vocalización</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar a sección: «Comunicación e vocalización»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Comunicación e vocalización"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG/220px-Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG/330px-Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG/440px-Monkey_%26_Baby.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2348" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>O <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorocebus_pygerythrus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorocebus pygerythrus (a páxina aínda non existe)">mono verde</a> usa polo menos catro chamadas de alarma distintas para diferentes <a href="/wiki/Depredaci%C3%B3n" title="Depredación">depredadores</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="30" data-mwtitle="Killer_whale.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Ficheiro:Killer_whale.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Killer_whale.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Killer_whale.ogg/Killer_whale.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Candorca" title="Candorca">Candorca</a> chamando e ocasionalmente emitindo algún son de <a href="/wiki/Ecolocaci%C3%B3n" title="Ecolocación">ecolocación</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Moitos mamíferos comunícanse por vocalización. A comunicación vocal serve para moitos propósitos, por exemplo nos rituais de aparellamento, como sinal de alarma,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> para indicar fontes de comida, e por razóns sociais. Os machos chaman frecuentemente para atraer ás femias e para advertir a outros machos, como fan os <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n" title="León">leóns</a> e os <a href="/wiki/Cervo_com%C3%BAn" title="Cervo común">cervos</a> cos seus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruxido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruxido (a páxina aínda non existe)">ruxidos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> Os cantos do <a href="/wiki/Xibardo" title="Xibardo">xibardo</a> deben de ser sinais ás femias;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> tendo diferentes dialectos en distintas rexións do océano.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> As vocalizacións sociais inclúen as chamadas territoriais dos <a href="/wiki/Hylobatidae" title="Hylobatidae">xibóns</a>, e o uso da frecuencia por parte dos <a href="/wiki/Morcegos" title="Morcegos">morcegos</a> de nariz laceolada para distinguirse doutros grupos.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> O <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorocebus_pygerythrus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorocebus pygerythrus (a páxina aínda non existe)">mono verde</a> dá distintos tipos de alarma para, polo menos, catro tipos diferentes de depredadores, e a reacción doutros monos varía de acordo á chamada. Por exemplo, se o sinal de alarma e dunha <a href="/wiki/Pythonidae" title="Pythonidae">pitón</a>, os monos soben ás árbores, mentres que se a alarma é dunha aguia, fai que o mono busque un lugar no chan onde agocharse.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Dun xeito similar, os <a href="/wiki/Cynomys" title="Cynomys">cans das pradeiras</a> teñen un complexo sistema de chamadas que indican o tipo, o tamaño e a velocidade de aproximación dun depredador.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Os <a href="/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante">elefantes</a> comunícanse socialmente mediante unha ampla variedade de sons que inclúen bufidos, berros, sons de trompa, ruxidos e murmurios. Algúns destes últimos son chamadas infrasónicas, por debaixo do rango audible dos humanos, e poden ser oídas por outros elefantes a máis de 10 km nas horas próximas ao amencer e ó solpor.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clasificación_dos_mamíferos"><span id="Clasificaci.C3.B3n_dos_mam.C3.ADferos"></span>Clasificación dos mamíferos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar a sección: «Clasificación dos mamíferos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Clasificación dos mamíferos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os primeiros mamíferos apareceron na <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> a finais do <a href="/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_xeol%C3%B3xico" title="Período xeolóxico">período</a> <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico" title="Triásico">Triásico</a>, hai uns 210 millóns de anos, e desenvolvéronse durante a <a href="/wiki/Era_Terciaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Era Terciaria">era Terciaria</a>. Nos máis primitivos aínda se atopan afinidades cos <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ptil" class="mw-redirect" title="Réptil">réptiles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxonomía"><span id="Taxonom.C3.ADa"></span>Taxonomía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar a sección: «Taxonomía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Taxonomía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os mamíferos viventes na actualidade pódense agrupar en dúas subclases principais: </p> <ul><li>Subclase <i><a href="/wiki/Prototheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Prototheria">Prototheria</a></i>: con reprodución ovípara e as glándulas mamarias aínda non desenvolvidas por completo; 4 especies en 3 xéneros, 2 familias e 1 orde, a dos <i><a href="/wiki/Monotremata" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotremata">Monotremata</a></i>.</li> <li>Subclase <i><a href="/wiki/Theria" class="mw-redirect" title="Theria">Theria</a></i>: os mamíferos non ovíparos; subdivídense en dúas infraclases: <ul><li>Infraclase <i><a href="/wiki/Metatheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Metatheria">Metatheria</a></i> (ou <i><a href="/wiki/Marsupialia" class="mw-redirect" title="Marsupialia">Marsupialia</a>)</i>: reprodución vivípara, pero sen placenta ou con ela moi reducida; 270 especies, 77 xéneros, 16 familias, 1 orde.</li> <li>Infraclase <i><a href="/wiki/Eutheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></i> (ou <i><a href="/wiki/Placentalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Placentalia">Placentalia</a></i>): xa con produción vivípara placentaria e coas glándulas mamarias plenamente desenvolvidas; 4.000 especies, 970 xéneros, 112 familias, 18 ordes.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordes">Ordes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editar a sección: «Ordes»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ordes"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Segundo a obra máis aceptada actualmente polos <a href="/wiki/Teriolox%C3%ADa" title="Terioloxía">teriólogos</a>, o <i><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">Mammal Species of the World</a></i>, a clase comprende as seguintes ordes:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><big>Clase <i>Mammalia</i></big></dt></dl> <ul><li><b>Subclase <i><a href="/wiki/Prototerios" title="Prototerios">Prototheria</a></i></b> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Monotremas" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotremas">Monotremata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b>Subclase <i><a href="/wiki/Terios" title="Terios">Theria</a></i></b> <ul><li>Infraclase <i><a href="/wiki/Marsupiais" title="Marsupiais">Marsupialia</a></i> <ul><li>Magnorde <i><a href="/wiki/Ameridelfos" title="Ameridelfos">Ameridelphia</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Didelfimorfos" title="Didelfimorfos">Didelphimorphia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Paucituberculados" title="Paucituberculados">Paucituberculata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Magnorde <i><a href="/wiki/Australidelfos" title="Australidelfos">Australidelphia</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Microbioter%C3%ADidos" title="Microbioteríidos">Microbiotheria</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Notorictemorfos" title="Notorictemorfos">Notoryctemorphia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Dasiuromorfos" title="Dasiuromorfos">Dasyuromorphia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Peramelemorfos" title="Peramelemorfos">Peramelemorphia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Diprotodontes" title="Diprotodontes">Diprotodontia</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Infraclase <i><a href="/wiki/Placentarios" title="Placentarios">Placentalia</a></i> <ul><li>Superorde <i><a href="/wiki/Afroterios" title="Afroterios">Afrotheria</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Porco_formigueiro" title="Porco formigueiro">Tubulidentata</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Sirenios" title="Sirenios">Sirenia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Afrosor%C3%ADcidos" title="Afrosorícidos">Afrosoricida</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Macroscel%C3%ADdeos" title="Macroscelídeos">Macroscelidea</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Hiracoideos" title="Hiracoideos">Hyracoidea</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Probosc%C3%ADdeos" title="Proboscídeos">Proboscidea</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Superorde <i><a href="/wiki/Xenartros" title="Xenartros">Xenarthra</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Cingulados" title="Cingulados">Cingulata</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Pilosos" title="Pilosos">Pilosa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Superorde <i><a href="/wiki/Euarcontogliros" title="Euarcontogliros">Euarchontoglires</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Escandentios" title="Escandentios">Scandentia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Derm%C3%B3pteros" title="Dermópteros">Dermoptera</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Primates" title="Primates">Primates</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Roedores" title="Roedores">Rodentia</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Lagomorfos" title="Lagomorfos">Lagomorpha</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Superorde <i><a href="/wiki/Laurasiaterios" title="Laurasiaterios">Laurasiatheria</a></i> <ul><li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Erinaceomorfos" title="Erinaceomorfos">Erinaceomorpha</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Soricomorfos" title="Soricomorfos">Soricomorpha</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Morcegos" title="Morcegos">Chiroptera</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Pholidota_(animal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pholidota (animal)">Pholidota</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Carn%C3%ADvoros" title="Carnívoros">Carnivora</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Perissodactyla" class="mw-redirect" title="Perissodactyla">Perissodactyla</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Artiod%C3%A1ctilos" title="Artiodáctilos">Artiodactyla</a></i></li> <li>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Cet%C3%A1ceos" title="Cetáceos">Cetacea</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Modernos investigadores, como Montgelard, Catzeflis e Douzery, en 1997, reúnen nun <a href="/wiki/Clado" title="Clado">clado</a>, o dos <i><a href="/wiki/Cetartiodactyla" class="mw-redirect" title="Cetartiodactyla">Cetartiodactyla</a></i>, as clásicas ordes dos <i>Cetacea</i> e os <i>Artiodactyla</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-W_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Véxase tamén <a href="/wiki/Euungulata" title="Euungulata">Euungulata</a>. </p><p>O <i><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a></i> dálle aos <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> a categoría de <a href="/wiki/Orde_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Orde (bioloxía)">orde</a>, polo que habería que considerar aos cetáceos e aos artiodáctilos como <a href="/wiki/Orde_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Orde (bioloxía)">subordes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-W_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pola súa parte, a <i>Animal Diversity Web</i> outorga a este grupo a categoría de <a href="/wiki/Orde_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Orde (bioloxía)">superorde</a>, incluído as ordes de cetáceos e artiodáctilos.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filoxenia">Filoxenia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editar a sección: «Filoxenia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=15" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Filoxenia"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relacións_filoxenéticas"><span id="Relaci.C3.B3ns_filoxen.C3.A9ticas"></span>Relacións filoxenéticas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Editar a sección: «Relacións filoxenéticas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=16" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Relacións filoxenéticas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <pre> ,_______ <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morganucodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morganucodonta (a páxina aínda non existe)">Morganucodonta</a></i> + | __| ,___ <i><a href="/wiki/Prototerios" title="Prototerios">Prototheria</a></i> _____ <i><a href="/wiki/Monotremata" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotremata">Monotremata</a></i> | | |___|___ <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multituberculata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multituberculata (a páxina aínda non existe)">Multituberculata</a></i> + | | ,__ <i><a href="/wiki/Marsupiais" title="Marsupiais">Metatheria</a></i> |___ <i><a href="/wiki/Terios" title="Terios">Theria</a></i>___| |__ <i><a href="/wiki/Placentarios" title="Placentarios">Eutheria</a></i> </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Árbore_filoxenética"><span id=".C3.81rbore_filoxen.C3.A9tica"></span>Árbore filoxenética</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Editar a sección: «Árbore filoxenética»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=17" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Árbore filoxenética"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Cladograma" title="Cladograma">Cladograma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Liaoconodon2011_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liaoconodon2011-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> con mamíferos, grupo Mammalia, como principal. </p> <center> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5421672">.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><i><a href="/wiki/Mammaliaformes" title="Mammaliaformes">Mammaliaformes</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morganucodontidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morganucodontidae (a páxina aínda non existe)">Morganucodontidae</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Docodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Docodonta (a páxina aínda non existe)">Docodonta</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haldanodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haldanodon (a páxina aínda non existe)">Haldanodon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><i><b>Mammalia</b></i> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Australosphenida" title="Australosphenida">Australosphenida</a></i> (inclúe <i><a href="/wiki/Monotremata" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotremata">Monotremata</a></i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fruitafossor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fruitafossor (a páxina aínda non existe)">Fruitafossor</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5421672"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haramiyavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haramiyavia (a páxina aínda non existe)">Haramiyavia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multituberculata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multituberculata (a páxina aínda non existe)">Multituberculata</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tinodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tinodon (a páxina aínda non existe)">Tinodon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutriconodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutriconodonta (a páxina aínda non existe)">Eutriconodonta</a></i> (inclúe <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gobiconodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gobiconodonta (a páxina aínda non existe)">Gobiconodonta</a></i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trechnotheria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trechnotheria (a páxina aínda non existe)">Trechnotheria</a></i> (inclúe <i><a href="/wiki/Terios" title="Terios">Theria</a></i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolución_dos_mamíferos"><span id="Evoluci.C3.B3n_dos_mam.C3.ADferos"></span>Evolución dos mamíferos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Editar a sección: «Evolución dos mamíferos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=18" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Evolución dos mamíferos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_dos_mam%C3%ADferos" title="Evolución dos mamíferos">Evolución dos mamíferos</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Procynosuchus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Procynosuchus_BW.jpg/220px-Procynosuchus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Procynosuchus_BW.jpg/330px-Procynosuchus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Procynosuchus_BW.jpg/440px-Procynosuchus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>Restauración dun <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procynosuchus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Procynosuchus (a páxina aínda non existe)">Procynosuchus</a></i>, un membro do grupo dos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinodonto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinodonto (a páxina aínda non existe)">cinodontos</a>, e que inclúe aos antecesores dos <a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADfero" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamífero">mamíferos</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>evolución dos mamíferos</b> pasou por moitos puntos dende a aparición dos seus devanceiros <a href="/wiki/Sin%C3%A1psidos" title="Sinápsidos">sinápsidos</a> no período de finais do <a href="/wiki/Carbon%C3%ADfero" title="Carbonífero">Carbonífero</a>. A metade do <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico" title="Triásico">Triásico</a> aparecen moitas especiesde sinápsidos que semellan mamíferos. A liña que dá lugar aos mamíferos de hoxe en día escíndese no <a href="/wiki/Xur%C3%A1sico" title="Xurásico">Xurásico</a>; unha liña que inclúe a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dryolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dryolestes (a páxina aínda non existe)">Dryolestes</a></i>, que é máis próximo as actuais <a href="/wiki/Placentario" class="mw-redirect" title="Placentario">placentarios</a> e <a href="/wiki/Marsupiais" title="Marsupiais">marsupiais</a> ca aos <a href="/wiki/Monotrema" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotrema">monotremas</a>, así como a <i><a href="/wiki/Ambondro_mahabo" title="Ambondro mahabo">Ambondro</a></i>, máis achegado aos <a href="/wiki/Monotrema" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotrema">monotremas</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup>. A continuación as liñas de <a href="/wiki/Eutheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutheria">eutheria</a> e <a href="/wiki/Metatheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Metatheria">metatheria</a> sepáranse. Destas, os metaterios serán os animais máis achegados aos actuais marsupiais mentres que os eutheria son os máis achegados aos placentarios. Xa que <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juramaia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juramaia (a páxina aínda non existe)">Juramaia</a></i>, o eutherio máis recente coñecido, viviu hai 160 millóns de anos no Xurásico, esta diverxencia debeu ter ocorrido nese período. </p><p>O evento de <a href="/wiki/Extinci%C3%B3n_dos_dinosauros" title="Extinción dos dinosauros">extinción do Cretáceo-Paleoxeno</a> provocou a <a href="/wiki/Extinci%C3%B3n" title="Extinción">extinción</a> de todos os dinosauros non aviarios (os paxaros son unha liña que xorde dos dinosauros e a única hoxe en día viva) e é nese momento cando grupos de mamíferos, placentarios e marsupiais diversificáronse ocupando novos nichos ecolóxicos durante o <a href="/wiki/Paleoxeno" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleoxeno">Paleoxeno</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Neoxeno" title="Neoxeno">Neoxeno</a>. Ao final deste período están xa presentes todas as ordes de mamíferos modernos. </p><p>Os mamíferos son os únicos <a href="/wiki/Sin%C3%A1psido" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinápsido">sinápsidos</a> que actualmente persisten<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> A liña de sinápsidos diverxeu da liña dos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saur%C3%B3pido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saurópido (a páxina aínda non existe)">saurópidos</a> no final do <a href="/wiki/Carbon%C3%ADfero" title="Carbonífero">Carbonífero</a>, hai entre 320 e 31 millóns de anos atrás<sup id="cite_ref-Amniota_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amniota-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup>. Os sauropidos son hoxe os réptiles e aves xunto con outros animais extintos máis achegado aos mamíferos<sup id="cite_ref-Amniota_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amniota-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup>. Isto non inclúe aos mamíferos semellantes a réptiles, un grupo máis achegado aos mamíferos. </p><p>Ao longo do <a href="/wiki/Permiano" title="Permiano">Permiano</a>, os sinápsidos eran principalmente carnívoros mais con varios herbívoros relevantes. No período do <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico" title="Triásico">Triásico</a> un grupo anterioremente non dos principais, os <a href="/wiki/Arcosauro" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcosauro">arcosauro</a>, convertéronse nos vertebrados dominantes. Os <a href="/wiki/Mammaliaformes" title="Mammaliaformes">mammaliaformes</a> apareceron durante este período; cun olfacto moi sensible e cun cerebro máis desenvolto, introducíronse en nichos nocturnos e grazas a isto expuxéronse menos a predación de arcosauros. O estilo de vida nocturno puido ter contribuído a trazos característicos principais dos mamíferos como seren <a href="/wiki/Endotermia" class="mw-redirect" title="Endotermia">endotérmicos</a> e ter pelo. Mais adiante no Mesozoico, despois de que os dinosauros <a href="/wiki/Theropoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Theropoda">terópodos</a> desprazaran aos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rauisuchia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rauisuchia (a páxina aínda non existe)">rauisuchianos</a> como os carnívoros dominantes, os mamíferos conquistaron novos nichos. Como caso disto, algúns fixéronse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Castorocauda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castorocauda (a páxina aínda non existe)">actuáticos</a>, algúns <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volaticotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volaticotherium (a páxina aínda non existe)">voadores</a> e incluso outros chegaron a se alimentar de dinosauros xuvenís. </p><p>A maior parte das mostras da evolución dos mamíferos básase en xacementos de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3sil" title="Fósil">fósiles</a>. Aínda que as gándulas mamais son unha característica fundamental dos mamíferos modernos, pouco se sabe acerca da evolución da <a href="/wiki/Seo_(anatom%C3%ADa)#Lactación" title="Seo (anatomía)">lactación</a>. Isto débese a que sendo un tecido brando non se conserva no rexístro fósil. Moita da evolución dos mamíferos céntrase, pola contra, na forma dos dentes e nas partes máis duras do corpo de tetrápodos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=19" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Zuberbühler, Klause (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_behavioral-ecology-and-sociobiology_2001-10_50_5/page/414">"Predator-specific alarm calls in Campbell's monkeys, <i>Cercopithecus campbelli</i>"</a>. <i>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> <b>50</b> (5): 414–442. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/4601985">4601985</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs002650100383">10.1007/s002650100383</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Predator-specific+alarm+calls+in+Campbell%27s+monkeys%2C+Cercopithecus+campbelli&rft.aufirst=Klause&rft.aulast=Zuberb%C3%BChler&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+Ecology+and+Sociobiology&rft.pages=414-442&rft.volume=50&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4601985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_behavioral-ecology-and-sociobiology_2001-10_50_5%2Fpage%2F414&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs002650100383&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Slabbekoorn, Hans; Smith, Thomas B. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692962">"Bird song, ecology and speciation"</a>. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> <b>357</b> (1420): 493–503. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692962">1692962</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12028787">12028787</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.2001.1056">10.1098/rstb.2001.1056</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Bird+song%2C+ecology+and+speciation&rft.au=Smith%2C+Thomas+B.&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.aulast=Slabbekoorn&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1420&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.pages=493-503&rft.volume=357&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692962&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692962&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstb.2001.1056&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12028787&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bannister, John L. (2008). "Baleen Whales (Mysticetes)". En F. Perrin, William; Würsig, Bernd; Thewissen, J. G. M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamari00perr"><i>Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals</i></a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> (2 ed.). Academic Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamari00perr/page/n114">80</a>–89. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-0-12-373553-9" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-0-12-373553-9">978-0-12-373553-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Baleen+Whales+%28Mysticetes%29&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft.aulast=Bannister&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Marine+Mammals&rft.date=2008&rft.edition=2&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-12-373553-9&rft.pages=80-89&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediamari00perr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Norris, Scott (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/content/52/1/9.full.pdf">"Creatures of Culture? Making the Case for Cultural Systems in Whales and Dolphins"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>BioScience</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> <b>52</b> (1): 9–14. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1641%2F0006-3568%282002%29052%5B0009%3ACOCMTC%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0009:COCMTC]2.0.CO;2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Creatures+of+Culture%3F+Making+the+Case+for+Cultural+Systems+in+Whales+and+Dolphins&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.aulast=Norris&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=BioScience&rft.pages=9-14&rft.volume=52&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioscience.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcontent%2F52%2F1%2F9.full.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1641%2F0006-3568%282002%29052%5B0009%3ACOCMTC%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Boughman, Janette W. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1688873">"Vocal learning by greater spear-nosed bats"</a>. <i>Proceedings: Biological Sciences</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> <b>265</b> (1392): 227–233. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1688873">1688873</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9493408">9493408</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.1998.0286">10.1098/rspb.1998.0286</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Vocal+learning+by+greater+spear-nosed+bats&rft.aufirst=Janette+W.&rft.aulast=Boughman&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1392&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.pages=227-233&rft.volume=265&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1688873&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1688873&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.1998.0286&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9493408&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Seyfarth, R. M.; Cheney, D. L.; Marler, Peter (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223576319">"Vervet Monkey Alarm Calls: Semantic communication in a Free-Ranging Primate"</a>. <i>Animal Behaviour</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span> <b>28</b> (4): 1070–1094. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0003-3472%2880%2980097-2">10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80097-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=Vervet+Monkey+Alarm+Calls%3A+Semantic+communication+in+a+Free-Ranging+Primate&rft.au=Cheney%2C+D.+L.&rft.au=Marler%2C+Peter&rft.aufirst=R.+M.&rft.aulast=Seyfarth&rft.date=1980&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Animal+Behaviour&rft.pages=1070-1094&rft.volume=28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F223576319&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0003-3472%2880%2980097-2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">CBC News, ed. (21 de xuño de 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/prairie-dogs-language-decoded-by-scientists-1.1322230">"Prairie dogs' language decoded by scientists"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 20 de maio de 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.btitle=Prairie+dogs%27+language+decoded+by+scientists&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Ftechnology%2Fprairie-dogs-language-decoded-by-scientists-1.1322230&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Mayell, Hillary (3 de marzo de 2004). <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic</a>, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/03/0303_040303_elephants.html">"Elephants Call Long-Distance After-Hours"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 15 de novembro de 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.aufirst=Hillary&rft.aulast=Mayell&rft.btitle=Elephants+Call+Long-Distance+After-Hours&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2004%2F03%2F0303_040303_elephants.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson & Reeder (2005): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp"><i>Mammal Species of the World</i></a><i>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-W-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-W_10-0">10,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-W_10-1">10,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=370511"><i>Cetartiodactyla</i></a> no <a href="/wiki/WoRMS" class="mw-redirect" title="WoRMS">WoRMS</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cetartiodactyla/classification/"><i>Cetartiodactyla</i></a> en ADW.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liaoconodon2011-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Liaoconodon2011_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v472/n7342/full/nature09921.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20110414#/supplementary-information">[1]</a> Meng ,Wang e Li. Transitional mammalian middle ear from a new Cretaceous Jehol eutriconodont. Nature. Vol 472, 7342. páx 181–185. 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rougier, Guillermo W; Martinelli, Agustín G; Forasiepi, Analía M.; Novacek, Michael J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5857">"New Jurassic mammals from Patagonia, Argentina: A reappraisal of australosphenidan morphology and interrelationships"</a>. <i>American Museum Novitates</i> (3566): 1–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.atitle=New+Jurassic+mammals+from+Patagonia%2C+Argentina%3A+A+reappraisal+of+australosphenidan+morphology+and+interrelationships&rft.au=Forasiepi%2C+Anal%C3a+M.&rft.au=Martinelli%2C+Agust%C3n+G&rft.au=Novacek%2C+Michael+J.&rft.aufirst=Guillermo+W&rft.aulast=Rougier&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3566&rft.jtitle=American+Museum+Novitates&rft.pages=1-54&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.amnh.org%2Fhandle%2F2246%2F5857&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/synapsids/synapsida.html">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130307030139/http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/synapsids/synapsida.html">Arquivado</a> 07 de marzo de 2013 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Ben Waggoner-. Introduction to the Synapsida. University of California Museum of Paleontology. 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amniota-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Amniota_15-0">15,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Amniota_15-1">15,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101220205005/http://palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Units/190Reptilomorpha/190.400.html#Amniota">[3]</a> Amniota - Palaeos. White, A. T. 2005 <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=20" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:  <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mammalia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mammalia">Mamíferos</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7377" title="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata"><img alt="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografía"><span id="Bibliograf.C3.ADa"></span>Bibliografía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Editar a sección: «Bibliografía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=21" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Bibliografía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Yosy Cartelle e Juan Ignacio Díaz d'a Silva (2007). <i>Guía dos mamíferos de Galicia</i>. <i>A Coruña: Baía Edicións</i>. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/9788496893207" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-84-96893-20-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMam%C3feros&rft.au=Yosy+Cartelle+e+Juan+Ignacio+D%C3az+d%27a+Silva&rft.btitle=Gu%C3a+dos+mam%C3feros+de+Galicia&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Wilson, D. E. & D. M. Reeder, editors (2005): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp"><i>Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference</i></a>. Third edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland, USA. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0801882214" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8018-8221-4</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mam%C3%ADferos&action=edit&section=22" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_dos_mam%C3%ADferos_de_Galicia" title="Lista dos mamíferos de Galicia">Lista dos mamíferos de Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teriolox%C3%ADa" title="Terioloxía">Terioloxía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos_mari%C3%B1os" title="Mamíferos mariños">Mamíferos mariños</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7377" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q7377">Q7377</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300265707">300265707</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Florencia" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florencia">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=292">292</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119324095">119324095</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2220123">2220123</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/mammal">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclopedia_Aragonesa" title="Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa">GEA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=8394">8394</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">GEC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0192612.xml">0192612</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051253-8">4051253-8</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.jstor.org/topic/mammals">mammals</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85080259">sh85080259</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">MAG: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/2778234026">2778234026</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00563410">00563410</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="Biblioteca Nacional da República Checa">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116109">ph116109</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_t%C3%A9cnica_nacional_de_Praga" title="Biblioteca técnica nacional de Praga">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH919">919</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identificadores_taxonómicos" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identificadores_taxonómicos" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Taxonom%C3%ADa" title="Taxonomía">Identificadores taxonómicos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Dyntaxa: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dyntaxa.se/taxon/info/4000107">4000107</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EOL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/1642">1642</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Europea_e_Mediterr%C3%A1nea_de_Protecci%C3%B3n_Vexetal" title="Organización Europea e Mediterránea de Protección Vexetal">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1MAMMC">1MAMMC</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">FE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:12613">12613</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">FE-New</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/131ac5da-409b-4979-b0db-f945c94da1ff">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Fossiilid: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fossiilid.info/105">105</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=36651">36651</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/359">359</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/40151">40151</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">IRMNG: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1310">1310</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Integrado_de_Informaci%C3%B3n_Taxon%C3%B3mica" title="Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=179913">179913</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=40674">40674</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F192702-D7A1-5498-8988-BDB368453012">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Soortenregister: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nederlandsesoorten.nl/linnaeus_ng/app/views/species/nsr_taxon.php?id=138887">138887</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1837">1837</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZooBank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZooBank (a páxina aínda non existe)">ZooBank</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/D50D0066-A37D-4795-B5F8-3DDA029A4956">ID</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identificadores" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identificadores" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;">Identificadores</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008322">D008322</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/B01.050.150.900.649">B01.050.150.900.649</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Unified_Medical_Language_System" title="Unified Medical Language System">UMLS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncim-stage.nci.nih.gov/ncimbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Metathesaurus&code=C0024660">C0024660</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Traído desde «<a dir="ltr" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamíferos&oldid=6473953">https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamíferos&oldid=6473953</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categor%C3%ADas" title="Especial:Categorías">Categoría</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Categoría:Mamíferos">Mamíferos</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks 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