CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wu Bangguo - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4c8c878f-507f-4092-9d4e-3c5bdc8d7f04","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Wu_Bangguo","wgTitle":"Wu Bangguo","wgCurRevisionId":1256205282,"wgRevisionId":1256205282,"wgArticleId":256780,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from August 2020","Articles containing Chinese-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024","Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text","Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China","1941 births","2024 deaths","Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress", "Chinese electrical engineers","Chinese Communist Party politicians from Anhui","Delegates to the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party","Delegates to the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party","Delegates to the 7th National People's Congress","Delegates to the 8th National People's Congress","Delegates to the 9th National People's Congress","Delegates to the 10th National People's Congress","Delegates to the 11th National People's Congress","Members of the 14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party","Members of the 15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party","Members of the 16th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party","Members of the 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party","Members of the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party","People's Republic of China politicians from Anhui","Political office-holders in Shanghai","Politicians from Hefei","Tsinghua University alumni", "Secretaries of the Communist Party Shanghai Committee"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Wu_Bangguo","wgRelevantArticleId":256780,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q360563","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1601"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg/800px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1068"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg/640px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="854"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wu Bangguo - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wu_Bangguo rootpage-Wu_Bangguo skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wu+Bangguo" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wu+Bangguo" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wu+Bangguo" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wu+Bangguo" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People's_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People's_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People's_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Post-retirement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wu Bangguo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%87" title="وو بانغ قوه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وو بانغ قوه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BE" title="У Бангуо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="У Бангуо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Pang-kuo" title="Wu Pang-kuo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wu Pang-kuo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%B0%A9%EA%B6%88" title="우방궈 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우방궈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%89%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="呉邦国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="呉邦国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="У Банго – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="У Банго" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Pang-kuo" title="Wu Pang-kuo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wu Pang-kuo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B_%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" title="อู๋ ปังกั๋ว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อู๋ ปังกั๋ว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wu Bangguo" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_Bang_Qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Ngô Bang Quốc – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngô Bang Quốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="吳邦國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="吳邦國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="吴邦国 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="吴邦国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q360563#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Wu_Bangguo" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Bangguo"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Bangguo"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wu_Bangguo" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wu_Bangguo" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&oldid=1256205282" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Wu_Bangguo&id=1256205282&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWu_Bangguo"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWu_Bangguo"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wu_Bangguo&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wu_Bangguo" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q360563" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese politician (1941–2024)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">family name</a> is <i> <a href="/wiki/Wu_(surname)" title="Wu (surname)">Wu</a></i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Wu Bangguo</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴邦国</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_(7204287582,_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg/220px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg/330px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg/440px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="1157" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Wu in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">8th <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 March 2003 – 14 March 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premier of China</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 March 1995 – 16 March 2003</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Premier</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_Secretary_of_Shanghai" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai">Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />13 April 1991 – 28 September 1994</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a> (Mayor)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1941-07-22</span>)</span>22 July 1941<sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Pingba,_Anshun" title="Pingba, Anshun">Pingba</a>,<a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">8 October 2024<span style="display:none">(2024-10-08)</span> (aged 83)<br /><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Zhang Ruizhen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tsinghua_University" title="Tsinghua University">Tsinghua University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electronics_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronics engineer">Electronics engineer</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">吴邦国</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">吳邦國</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wú Bāngguó</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wu Bangguo</b> (22 July 1941 – 8 October 2024) was a Chinese politician who served as the second-ranking member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a> from 2002 to 2012, and as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> from 2003 to 2013. </p><p>Wu was an electrical engineer by profession, and rose to political prominence during his work in Shanghai. During the early 1980s, he was in charge of science and technology related work in Shanghai, where he worked with <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a>, then mayor and later Communist Party secretary of the city, leading Wu to be affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_clique" title="Shanghai clique">Jiang's political faction</a>. He became Shanghai's party secretary in 1991, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a>, leading him to assume a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP Politburo</a> in 1992. </p><p>He became the country's third-ranking <a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premier of the State Council</a> in 1995, with a portfolio including <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_China" title="State-owned enterprises of China">state-owned enterprises</a> and the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a>. He joined the Politburo Standing Committee in 2002, and was appointed the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> in 2003. Serving as one of the highest-ranking officials under Party general secretary <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a>, Wu is generally regarded to have taken more conservative positions towards political reforms during his tenure. He stepped down from the Politburo Standing Committee in 2012, and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a> as Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in 2013. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wu was born in 22 July 1941, in <a href="/wiki/Pingba_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Pingba District">Pingba</a>,<a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with ancestral roots in <a href="/wiki/Feidong_County" title="Feidong County">Feidong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>. His father Wu Zhongxing was a cartographer working on <a href="/wiki/Map_projection" title="Map projection">map projection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He entered <a href="/wiki/Tsinghua_University" title="Tsinghua University">Tsinghua University</a> in 1960, majoring in electron tube engineering at the Department of Radio Electronics, where he graduated in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He joined the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduation, he was employed as a worker and technician at Shanghai's No. 3 Electronic Tube Factory, and then deputy chief and chief of the technical section from 1976 to 1978. He would eventually go on to lead the factory as its party secretary. In 1978 he was assigned to become the deputy manager of Shanghai Electronic Elements Company, and between 1979 and 1981 the deputy manager of Shanghai Electron Tube Company. Between 1981 and 1983 he worked as the deputy secretary of Shanghai Meters, Instruments and Telecommunications Bureau. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wu's work in electronics companies earned him a tenure in the city's upper echelons of power. He became part of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai party committee in 1983, effectively becoming part of Shanghai's political inner circle, and was put in charge of work related to science and technology.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, he worked with <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a>, who was mayor and later the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">CCP secretary</a> of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1985 and 1991, Wu was elevated to <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Deputy_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Deputy Committee Secretary">CCP deputy secretary</a> of Shanghai, and subsequently as CCP secretary of Shanghai, succeeding Jiang. During his tenure in Shanghai, he was seen as the official most responsible for developing the <a href="/wiki/Pudong" title="Pudong">Pudong New Area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Shanghai's political and economic stature grew due to economic reforms, Wu gained a seat on the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, China's ruling council, in 1992. He was subsequently appointed the third-ranking <a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">vice premier</a> in 1995 under premier <a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a>. During this period, he served in a portfolio dealing with industry and reforming <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_China" title="State-owned enterprises of China">state-owned enterprises</a>, and also oversaw the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He continued as vice premier under <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a>, and served as the role until 2003.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People's_Congress"><span id="Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People.27s_Congress"></span>Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/16th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">16th Party Congress</a> in November 2002, Wu entered the highest power elite in the country, ranking second in the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, only under then <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">general secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a>. In 2003, at <a href="/wiki/2003_National_People%27s_Congress" title="2003 National People's Congress">the first session</a> of the <a href="/wiki/10th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="10th National People's Congress">10th National People's Congress</a>, he was appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a>. At <a href="/wiki/2008_National_People%27s_Congress" title="2008 National People's Congress">the first session</a> of the <a href="/wiki/11th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="11th National People's Congress">11th National People's Congress</a>, he was re-elected as Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee on 15 March 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> becoming the first person to serve as the NPCSC Chair for more than two terms since <a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his tenure, Wu was generally regarded as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_clique" title="Shanghai clique">Shanghai clique</a> and an associate of Jiang Zemin,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> generally taking a conservative approach towards reform.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also described as having a low-key profile during his time in office.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_(7204287582).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg/220px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg/330px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg/440px-Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4408" data-file-height="3051" /></a><figcaption>Wu meeting with Dutch Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rutte" title="Mark Rutte">Mark Rutte</a> in Amsterdam, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>During a speech about the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Hong Kong Basic Law</a> in the territory in June 2007, Wu warned that Hong Kong will only have as much authority as granted from Beijing, and that the Special Administrative Region's government is an executive-led model and should not blindly follow Western systems.<sup id="cite_ref-tsd_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also stated that the Central Government supported Hong Kong's development of democracy, so long as it is within the boundaries of the Hong Kong Basic Law. Although the remarks were left open to interpretation, they generated significant controversy in Hong Kong, with pro-democracy politicians calling it a challenge on the autonomy of the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-tsd_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his capacity as NPCSC chair, Wu delivered an annual address each year at the National People's Congress sessions in March. These speeches have always noted that China will not adopt multiparty democracy, separation of powers, or a federal system.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, Wu proposed the "five don'ts (<span lang="zh-Hans">五不搞</span>) by declaring that "[w]e have made a solemn declaration that we will not employ a system of multiple parties holding office in rotation, diversification of guiding ideology, separation of powers and bicameralism, federalism or privatization".<sup id="cite_ref-bbc1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 July 2012, Wu attended the launch ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhou_9" title="Shenzhou 9">Shenzhou 9</a> crewed spacecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wu retired from the CCP Politburo Standing Committee at the <a href="/wiki/18th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">18th Party Congress</a> in November 2012, and was succeeded as NPCSC chairman by <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a> in March 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his last speech as the NPCSC chair, he said that "we will absolutely not copy models in the Western political system".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-retirement">Post-retirement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-retirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to other retired top-ranking officials in China, Wu stopped making public appearances except to attend important events such as the <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the People's Republic of China">National Day</a> celebration. In March 2015, Wu was pictured visiting a rapeseed farm in <a href="/wiki/Wuyuan_County,_Jiangxi" title="Wuyuan County, Jiangxi">Wuyuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi province</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wu died at 4:36 am on 8 October 2024, at the age of 83.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A farewell ceremony was held on 14 October; <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(politician)" title="Li Xi (politician)">Li Xi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a> and other leaders paid their final respects at the <a href="/wiki/Babaoshan_Revolutionary_Cemetery" title="Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery">Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery</a>, while Hu Jintao sent a wreath. His body was cremated on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> National flags were flown at half-mast at Chinese government buildings, diplomatic missions, and in Hong Kong and Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-xinhua-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.cn/politics/20241014/d21be7040b2d436bab19d05acbeea477/c.html">"吴邦国同志生平"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%90%B4%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%97%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.cn%2Fpolitics%2F20241014%2Fd21be7040b2d436bab19d05acbeea477%2Fc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/200803/06/t20080306_14747795.shtml">"Wu Bangguo: I have many stories in Guizhou"</a> (in Chinese). China Economic Net. 6 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wu+Bangguo%3A+I+have+many+stories+in+Guizhou&rft.pub=China+Economic+Net&rft.date=2008-03-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ce.cn%2Fxwzx%2Fgnsz%2Fszyw%2F200803%2F06%2Ft20080306_14747795.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF王盛水2012" class="citation journal cs1">王盛水 (2012). "胸中自有万里江山——记测绘制图学家吴忠性". <i>江淮文史</i> (6). 安徽省政协文化文史和学习委员会: 109–123. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1005-572X">1005-572X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E6%B1%9F%E6%B7%AE%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2&rft.atitle=%E8%83%B8%E4%B8%AD%E8%87%AA%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%87%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E8%AE%B0%E6%B5%8B%E7%BB%98%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BE%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E6%80%A7&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=109-123&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=1005-572X&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E7%9B%9B%E6%B0%B4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDang2024" class="citation news cs1">Dang, Yuanyue (8 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3281563/wu-bangguo-formerly-chinas-no-2-official-dies-age-83">"Wu Bangguo, formerly China's No 2 official, dies at age 83"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Wu+Bangguo%2C+formerly+China%27s+No+2+official%2C+dies+at+age+83&rft.date=2024-10-08&rft.aulast=Dang&rft.aufirst=Yuanyue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3281563%2Fwu-bangguo-formerly-chinas-no-2-official-dies-age-83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/asia_pac/02/china_party_congress/leadership_changes/html/wu_bangguo.stm">"Wu Bangguo: Vice-Premier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Wu+Bangguo%3A+Vice-Premier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fshared%2Fspl%2Fhi%2Fasia_pac%2F02%2Fchina_party_congress%2Fleadership_changes%2Fhtml%2Fwu_bangguo.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080320201908/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/15/content_7793617.htm">"Wu Bangguo reelected chairman of NPC Standing Committee"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a></i>. 15 March 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/15/content_7793617.htm">the original</a> on 20 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Wu+Bangguo+reelected+chairman+of+NPC+Standing+Committee&rft.date=2008-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2008-03%2F15%2Fcontent_7793617.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLin2015" class="citation news cs1">Lin, Xia (15 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1352785">"盘点历任全国人大常委会委员长：叶剑英彭真上任时最年长"</a> [Review of the past chairmen of the NPC Standing Committee: Ye Jianying and Peng Zhen were the oldest when they took office]. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Paper_(newspaper)" title="The Paper (newspaper)">The Paper</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paper&rft.atitle=%E7%9B%98%E7%82%B9%E5%8E%86%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%B8%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF%EF%BC%9A%E5%8F%B6%E5%89%91%E8%8B%B1%E5%BD%AD%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%8A%E4%BB%BB%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%80%E5%B9%B4%E9%95%BF&rft.date=2015-07-15&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Xia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepaper.cn%2FnewsDetail_forward_1352785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1747108/retired-leader-wu-bangguo-makes-rare-public-appearance">"Retired leader Wu Bangguo makes rare public appearance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. 25 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Retired+leader+Wu+Bangguo+makes+rare+public+appearance&rft.date=2015-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Farticle%2F1747108%2Fretired-leader-wu-bangguo-makes-rare-public-appearance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tsd-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tsd_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tsd_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=46264&sid=13948593&con_type=1">"Wu warning on limited power stuns Hong Kong"</a>. <i>The Standard HK</i>. 7 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Standard+HK&rft.atitle=Wu+warning+on+limited+power+stuns+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2007-06-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestandard.com.hk%2Fnews_detail.asp%3Fpp_cat%3D11%26art_id%3D46264%26sid%3D13948593%26con_type%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/china/2011/03/110310_china_npc_report">"吴邦国：中国不搞多党轮流执政"</a> [Wu Bangguo: China does not practice the system of multiple parties holding office in rotation]. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 10 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%E5%90%B4%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8D%E6%90%9E%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%9A%E8%BD%AE%E6%B5%81%E6%89%A7%E6%94%BF&rft.date=2011-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fzhongwen%2Fsimp%2Fchina%2F2011%2F03%2F110310_china_npc_report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-16/3968395.shtml">"God nine astronauts launch soon enter the spacecraft cabin"</a> (in Chinese). China News net. 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=God+nine+astronauts+launch+soon+enter+the+spacecraft+cabin&rft.pub=China+News+net&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinanews.com%2Fgn%2F2012%2F06-16%2F3968395.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202410/content_6980226.htm">"吴邦国同志遗体火化习近平等到八宝山革命公墓送别"</a> [Comrade Wu Bangguo's body was cremated, Xi Jinping arrived to bid farewell at the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery]. <i><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council of the People's Republic of China</a></i>. 14 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+Council+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.atitle=%E5%90%B4%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%97%E9%81%97%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E5%8C%96+%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89%E5%88%B0%E5%85%AB%E5%AE%9D%E5%B1%B1%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%A2%93%E9%80%81%E5%88%AB&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Fyaowen%2Fliebiao%2F202410%2Fcontent_6980226.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gbcode.rthk.hk/TuniS/news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1774396-20241014.htm">"Flags at half-mast to mourn Wu Bangguo's passing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">RTHK</a></i>. 14 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTHK&rft.atitle=Flags+at+half-mast+to+mourn+Wu+Bangguo%27s+passing&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgbcode.rthk.hk%2FTuniS%2Fnews.rthk.hk%2Frthk%2Fen%2Fcomponent%2Fk2%2F1774396-20241014.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWu+Bangguo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinavitae.com/biography_display.php?id=20">Wu Bangguo biography</a> at China Vitae (online database of Chinese officials)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chairmen_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> </b><br />2003–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_Secretary_of_Shanghai" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai">Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai</a> </b><br />1991–1994 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;">Order of precedence </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a><br /><small>General Secretary and President</small></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> 2nd <a href="/wiki/Orders_of_precedence_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders of precedence in the People's Republic of China">Rank of the Chinese Communist Party</a><br /><small>16, 17th <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Politburo Standing Committee">Politburo Standing Committee</a></small> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a><br /><small>Premier</small></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="8th_State_Council_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:8th_State_Council_of_China" title="Template:8th State Council of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:8th_State_Council_of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:8th State Council of China (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:8th_State_Council_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:8th State Council of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="8th_State_Council_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">8th <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council of the People's Republic of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Li Peng Cabinet (1993–1998)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Premier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a><sup>PSC</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap">6 <a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premiers</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a><sup>PSC</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Jiahua" title="Zou Jiahua">Zou Jiahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a><sup>P</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Chunyun" title="Jiang Chunyun">Jiang Chunyun</a> (added)</li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_councillor" title="State councillor">State Councilors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Tieying" title="Li Tieying">Li Tieying</a><sup>P</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Jian" title="Song Jian">Song Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Junsheng" title="Chen Junsheng">Chen Junsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Peiyun" title="Peng Peiyun">Peng Peiyun</a>♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_State_Council" title="Secretary-General of the State Council">Secretary-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministries of the People's Republic of China">Ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:left;width:33%;"><div> <p><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">1</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (China)">Foreign Affairs</a> <a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a><sup>P</sup> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">2</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Minister of National Defense (China)">National Defense</a> <a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">3</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">State Planning Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Chen_Jinhua" title="Chen Jinhua">Chen Jinhua</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">4</span> State Economic and Trade Commission <a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhongyu_(politician,_born_1933)" title="Wang Zhongyu (politician, born 1933)">Wang Zhongyu</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">5</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">State Commission for Restructuring Economy</a> <a href="/wiki/Li_Tieying" title="Li Tieying">Li Tieying</a><sup>P</sup><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">6</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education_(China)" title="Minister of Education (China)">State Education Commission</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Kaixuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhu Kaixuan (page does not exist)">Zhu Kaixuan</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">7</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(China)" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (China)">State Science and Technology Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Song_Jian" title="Song Jian">Song Jian</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">8</span> <a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Science,_Technology_and_Industry_for_National_Defense" title="Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense">Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense</a> <a href="/wiki/Ding_Henggao" title="Ding Henggao">Ding Henggao</a> → <a href="/wiki/Cao_Gangchuan" title="Cao Gangchuan">Cao Gangchuan</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">9</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Ethnic_Affairs_Commission" title="National Ethnic Affairs Commission">Ethnic Affairs Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">10</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Minister of Public Security (China)">Public Security</a> <a href="/wiki/Tao_Siju" title="Tao Siju">Tao Siju</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">11</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Minister of State Security (China)">State Security</a> <a href="/wiki/Jia_Chunwang" title="Jia Chunwang">Jia Chunwang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">12</span> Ministry of Supervision <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cao_Qingze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cao Qingze (page does not exist)">Cao Qingze</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">13</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Minister of Civil Affairs">Civil Affairs</a> <a href="/wiki/Doje_Cering" title="Doje Cering">Doje Cering</a><br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:33%;"><div> <p><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">14</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(China)" title="Minister of Justice (China)">Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Xiao_Yang_(judge)" title="Xiao Yang (judge)">Xiao Yang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">15</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(China)" title="Minister of Finance (China)">Finance</a> <a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhongli" title="Liu Zhongli">Liu Zhongli</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">16</span> Ministry of Personnel <a href="/wiki/Song_Defu_(politician)" title="Song Defu (politician)">Song Defu</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">17</span> Ministry of Labor <a href="/wiki/Li_Boyong" title="Li Boyong">Li Boyong</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">18</span> Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Xun_(born_1930)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhu Xun (born 1930) (page does not exist)">Zhu Xun</a> → <a href="/wiki/Song_Ruixiang" title="Song Ruixiang">Song Ruixiang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">19</span> Ministry of Construction <a href="/wiki/Hou_Jie" title="Hou Jie">Hou Jie</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">20</span> Ministry of Power Industry <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shi_Dazhen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shi Dazhen (page does not exist)">Shi Dazhen</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">21</span> Ministry of Coal Industry <a href="/wiki/Wang_Senhao" title="Wang Senhao">Wang Senhao</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">22</span> Ministry of Machine-building Industry <a href="/wiki/He_Guangyuan" title="He Guangyuan">He Guangyuan</a> → <a href="/wiki/Bao_Xuding" title="Bao Xuding">Bao Xuding</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">23</span> Ministry of Electronics Industry <a href="/wiki/Hu_Qili" title="Hu Qili">Hu Qili</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">24</span> Ministry of Metallurgical Industry <a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1942)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1942)">Liu Qi</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">25</span> Ministry of Chemical Industry <a href="/wiki/Gu_Xiulian" title="Gu Xiulian">Gu Xiulian</a>♀<br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">26</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(China)" title="Ministry of Railways (China)">Ministry of Railways</a> <a href="/wiki/Han_Zhubin" title="Han Zhubin">Han Zhubin</a><br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:33%;"><div> <p><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">27</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Transport_(China)" title="Ministry of Transport (China)">Transport</a> <a href="/wiki/Huang_Zhendong" title="Huang Zhendong">Huang Zhendong</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">28</span> Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications <a href="/wiki/Wu_Jichuan" title="Wu Jichuan">Wu Jichuan</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">29</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Water_Resources_(China)" title="Minister of Water Resources (China)">Ministry of Water Resources</a> <a href="/wiki/Niu_Maosheng" title="Niu Maosheng">Niu Maosheng</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">30</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs">Ministry of Agriculture</a> <a href="/wiki/Liu_Jiang_(politician)" title="Liu Jiang (politician)">Liu Jiang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">31</span> Ministry of Forestry <a href="/wiki/Xu_Youfang" title="Xu Youfang">Xu Youfang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yaobang" title="Chen Yaobang">Chen Yaobang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">32</span> Ministry of Internal Trade <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Haoruo" title="Zhang Haoruo">Zhang Haoruo</a> → <a href="/wiki/Chen_Bangzhu" title="Chen Bangzhu">Chen Bangzhu</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">33</span> Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation <a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi_(politician)" title="Wu Yi (politician)">Wu Yi</a>♀<br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">34</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(China)" title="Ministry of Culture (China)">Ministry of Culture</a> <a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhongde" title="Liu Zhongde">Liu Zhongde</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">35</span> Ministry of Radio, Film and Television <a href="/wiki/Ai_Zhisheng" title="Ai Zhisheng">Ai Zhisheng</a> → <a href="/wiki/Sun_Jiazheng" title="Sun Jiazheng">Sun Jiazheng</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">36</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Commission" title="National Health Commission">Ministry of Health</a> <a href="/wiki/Chen_Minzhang" title="Chen Minzhang">Chen Minzhang</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">37</span> State Physical Culture and Sports Commission <a href="/wiki/Wu_Shaozu" title="Wu Shaozu">Wu Shaozu</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">38</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Population_and_Family_Planning_Commission" title="National Population and Family Planning Commission">State Family Planning Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Peng_Peiyun" title="Peng Peiyun">Peng Peiyun</a>♀<br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">39</span> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="Governor of the People's Bank of China">Central Bank Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a> → <a href="/wiki/Dai_Xianglong" title="Dai Xianglong">Dai Xianglong</a><br /> <span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">40</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(China)" title="National Audit Office (China)">Auditor-General</a> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Peijian" title="Lü Peijian">Lü Peijian</a> → <a href="/wiki/Guo_Zhenqian" title="Guo Zhenqian">Guo Zhenqian</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>P</sup>: Member of the <a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo</a>;</li> <li><sup>PSC</sup>: Member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee</a>;</li> <li>♀: female</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="9th_State_Council_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:9th_State_Council_of_China" title="Template:9th State Council of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:9th_State_Council_of_China" title="Template talk:9th State Council of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:9th_State_Council_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:9th State Council of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="9th_State_Council_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">9th <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council of the People's Republic of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Zhu Rongji Cabinet (1998–2003)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Premier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Party_Committee_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Party Committee Secretary">Party branch secretary</a>)</small></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg/60px-Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg/90px-Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg/120px-Zhu_Rongji_at_White_House_1999.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="1094" /></a></span><br /><small>Premier <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></span></small><br /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premiers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_councillor_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="State councillor (China)">State Councilors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi_(politician)" title="Wu Yi (politician)">Wu Yi</a>♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhongyu_(politician,_born_1933)" title="Wang Zhongyu (politician, born 1933)">Wang Zhongyu</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_State_Council" title="Secretary-General of the State Council">Secretary-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhongyu_(politician,_born_1933)" title="Wang Zhongyu (politician, born 1933)">Wang Zhongyu</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministries of the People's Republic of China">Ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">1</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (China)">Foreign Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tang_Jiaxuan" title="Tang Jiaxuan">Tang Jiaxuan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">2</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Minister of National Defense (China)">National Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">3</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">Development & Reform Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Peiyan" title="Zeng Peiyan">Zeng Peiyan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">4</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">State Economic & Trade Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sheng_Huaren" title="Sheng Huaren">Sheng Huaren</a> → <a href="/wiki/Li_Rongrong" title="Li Rongrong">Li Rongrong</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">5</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education_(China)" title="Minister of Education (China)">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zhili" title="Chen Zhili">Chen Zhili</a>♀</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">6</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(China)" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (China)">Science & Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Lilan" title="Zhu Lilan">Zhu Lilan</a>♀ → <a href="/wiki/Xu_Guanhua" title="Xu Guanhua">Xu Guanhua</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">7</span> <a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Science,_Technology_and_Industry_for_National_Defense" title="Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense">Science, Technology & Industry<br /> for National Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Jibin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Jibin (page does not exist)">Liu Jibin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">8</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Ethnic_Affairs_Commission" title="National Ethnic Affairs Commission">Ethnic Affairs Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Li_Dezhu" title="Li Dezhu">Li Dezhu</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span><span class="nobold">9</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Minister of Public Security (China)">Public Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jia_Chunwang" title="Jia Chunwang">Jia Chunwang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">10</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Minister of State Security (China)">State Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Yongyue" title="Xu Yongyue">Xu Yongyue</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">11</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Supervision" title="Ministry of Supervision">Supervision</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/He_Yong_(politician)" title="He Yong (politician)">He Yong</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">12</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Minister of Civil Affairs">Civil Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Doje_Cering" title="Doje Cering">Doje Cering</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">13</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(China)" title="Minister of Justice (China)">Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gao_Changli" title="Gao Changli">Gao Changli</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Fusen" title="Zhang Fusen">Zhang Fusen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">14</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(China)" title="Minister of Finance (China)">Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Xiang_Huaicheng" title="Xiang Huaicheng">Xiang Huaicheng</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">15</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Human_Resources_and_Social_Security" title="Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security">Personnel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Song_Defu_(politician)" title="Song Defu (politician)">Song Defu</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xuezhong_(politician)" title="Zhang Xuezhong (politician)">Zhang Xuezhong</a> → <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Bolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Bolin (page does not exist)">Zhang Bolin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">16</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Human_Resources_and_Social_Security" title="Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security">Labor & Social Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zuoji" title="Zhang Zuoji">Zhang Zuoji</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">17</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Land_and_Resources" title="Ministry of Land and Resources">Land & Resources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Tian_Fengshan" title="Tian Fengshan">Tian Fengshan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">18</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Housing_and_Urban-Rural_Development" title="Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development">Construction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a> → <a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangtao" title="Wang Guangtao">Wang Guangtao</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">19</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(China)" title="Ministry of Railways (China)">Railways</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fu_Zhihuan" title="Fu Zhihuan">Fu Zhihuan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">20</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Transport_(China)" title="Ministry of Transport (China)">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Huang_Zhendong" title="Huang Zhendong">Huang Zhendong</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunxian" title="Zhang Chunxian">Zhang Chunxian</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">21</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Industry_and_Information_Technology" title="Ministry of Industry and Information Technology">Information Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jichuan" title="Wu Jichuan">Wu Jichuan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">22</span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Water_Resources_(China)" title="Minister of Water Resources (China)">Water Resources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Niu_Maosheng" title="Niu Maosheng">Niu Maosheng</a> → <a href="/wiki/Wang_Shucheng" title="Wang Shucheng">Wang Shucheng</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">23</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(China)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (China)">Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yaobang" title="Chen Yaobang">Chen Yaobang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">24</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_(China)" title="Ministry of Commerce (China)">Foreign Trade & Economic Cooperation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Shi_Guangsheng" title="Shi Guangsheng">Shi Guangsheng</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">25</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(China)" title="Ministry of Culture (China)">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jiazheng" title="Sun Jiazheng">Sun Jiazheng</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">26</span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_(China)" title="Ministry of Health (China)">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wenkang" title="Zhang Wenkang">Zhang Wenkang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><span class="nobold">27</span> <a href="/wiki/National_Population_and_Family_Planning_Commission" title="National Population and Family Planning Commission">Family Planning Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Weiqing" title="Zhang Weiqing">Zhang Weiqing</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="Governor of the People's Bank of China">Central Bank Governor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dai_Xianglong" title="Dai Xianglong">Dai Xianglong</a> → <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Xiaochuan" title="Zhou Xiaochuan">Zhou Xiaochuan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(China)" title="National Audit Office (China)">Auditor-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Li_Jinhua" title="Li Jinhua">Li Jinhua</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>♀: female</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(2007–2012)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template talk:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(2007–2012)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (2007–2012)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/17th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jia_Qinglin" title="Jia Qinglin">Jia Qinglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Changchun" title="Li Changchun">Li Changchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Guoqiang" title="He Guoqiang">He Guoqiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other members<br /><i>in <a href="/wiki/Surname_stroke_order" title="Surname stroke order">surname stroke order</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Lequan" title="Wang Lequan">Wang Lequan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_Liangyu" title="Hui Liangyu">Hui Liangyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1942)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1942)">Liu Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yunshan" title="Liu Yunshan">Liu Yunshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong ♀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yuanchao" title="Li Yuanchao">Li Yuanchao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(politician)" title="Wang Yang (politician)">Wang Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Gaoli" title="Zhang Gaoli">Zhang Gaoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Caihou" title="Xu Caihou">Xu Caihou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Boxiong" title="Guo Boxiong">Guo Boxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Xilai" title="Bo Xilai">Bo Xilai</a> (expelled 2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">7th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">8th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:9th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">9th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:10th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">10th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:11th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">11th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:12th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">12th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:13th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">13th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:18th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:19th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">19th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(2002–2007)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template talk:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(2002–2007)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (2002–2007)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/16th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="16th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jia_Qinglin" title="Jia Qinglin">Jia Qinglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Qinghong" title="Zeng Qinghong">Zeng Qinghong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a> (<small>died 2007</small>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Guanzheng" title="Wu Guanzheng">Wu Guanzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Changchun" title="Li Changchun">Li Changchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other members<br /><small><i>in <a href="/wiki/Surname_stroke_order" title="Surname stroke order">surname stroke order</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Lequan" title="Wang Lequan">Wang Lequan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_Liangyu" title="Hui Liangyu">Hui Liangyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1942)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1942)">Liu Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yunshan" title="Liu Yunshan">Liu Yunshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi_(politician)" title="Wu Yi (politician)">Wu Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lichang" title="Zhang Lichang">Zhang Lichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Liangyu" title="Chen Liangyu">Chen Liangyu</a> (<small>expelled 2006</small>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Guoqiang" title="He Guoqiang">He Guoqiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Boxiong" title="Guo Boxiong">Guo Boxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Gangchuan" title="Cao Gangchuan">Cao Gangchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Peiyan" title="Zeng Peiyan">Zeng Peiyan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate member</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">7th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">8th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:9th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">9th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:10th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">10th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:11th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">11th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:12th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">12th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:13th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">13th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:18th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:19th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">19th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(1997–2002)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template talk:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(1997–2002)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (1997–2002)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/15th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="15th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ruihuan" title="Li Ruihuan">Li Ruihuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Jianxing" title="Wei Jianxing">Wei Jianxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other members<br /><small><i>in <a href="/wiki/Surname_stroke_order" title="Surname stroke order">surname stroke order</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Guangen" title="Ding Guangen">Ding Guangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Changchun" title="Li Changchun">Li Changchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Tieying" title="Li Tieying">Li Tieying</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Guanzheng" title="Wu Guanzheng">Wu Guanzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wannian" title="Zhang Wannian">Zhang Wannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Chunyun" title="Jiang Chunyun">Jiang Chunyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jia_Qinglin" title="Jia Qinglin">Jia Qinglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Fei_(politician)" title="Xie Fei (politician)">Xie Fei</a> <small>(died 1999)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Qinghong" title="Zeng Qinghong">Zeng Qinghong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi_(politician)" title="Wu Yi (politician)">Wu Yi</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">7th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">8th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:9th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">9th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:10th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">10th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:11th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">11th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:12th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">12th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:13th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">13th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:18th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:19th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">19th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(1992–1997)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template talk:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(1992–1997)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (1992–1997)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/14th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="14th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ruihuan" title="Li Ruihuan">Li Ruihuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Huaqing" title="Liu Huaqing">Liu Huaqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other members<br /><small><i>in <a href="/wiki/Surname_stroke_order" title="Surname stroke order">surname stroke order</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Guangen" title="Ding Guangen">Ding Guangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Tieying" title="Li Tieying">Li Tieying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Baibing" title="Yang Baibing">Yang Baibing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Jiahua" title="Zou Jiahua">Zou Jiahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xitong" title="Chen Xitong">Chen Xitong</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(expelled 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Chunyun" title="Jiang Chunyun">Jiang Chunyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Jianxing" title="Wei Jianxing">Wei Jianxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Fei_(politician)" title="Xie Fei (politician)">Xie Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Shaowen" title="Tan Shaowen">Tan Shaowen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(died 1993)</span> → <a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(added 1994)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanbin" title="Wang Hanbin">Wang Hanbin</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">7th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">8th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:9th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">9th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:10th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">10th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:11th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">11th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:12th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">12th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:13th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">13th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:18th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:19th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">19th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairpersons_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chairmen_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Template:Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chairmen_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Template talk:Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chairmen_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairpersons_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairpersons of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shaoqi" title="Liu Shaoqi">Liu Shaoqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Song Qingling</a> <small>(acting)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vice_Premiers_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template talk:Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vice_Premiers_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of vice premiers of the People's Republic of China">list</a>)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Central_People%27s_Government_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%9354)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (1949–54)">Provisional Cabinet</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> <small>(added 1952)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zihui" title="Deng Zihui">Deng Zihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Fuchun" title="Li Fuchun">Li Fuchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a> <small>(added 1956)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a> <small>(added 1956)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zihui" title="Deng Zihui">Deng Zihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Fuchun" title="Li Fuchun">Li Fuchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Zhenlin" title="Tan Zhenlin">Tan Zhenlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a> <small>(died 1971)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a> <small>(dismissed 1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> <small>(dismissed 1968, reinstated 1973)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a> <small>(died 1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a> <small>(died 1972)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke_Qingshi" title="Ke Qingshi">Ke Qingshi</a> <small>(died 1965)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a> <small>(dismissed 1968)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Fuchun" title="Li Fuchun">Li Fuchun</a> <small>(died 1975)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Zhenlin" title="Tan Zhenlin">Tan Zhenlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a> <small>(dismissed 1967)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a> <small>(dismissed 1966)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a> <small>(dismissed 1966)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhu" title="Tao Zhu">Tao Zhu</a> <small>(died 1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Fuzhi" title="Xie Fuzhi">Xie Fuzhi</a> <small>(died 1972)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> <small>(dismissed 1976, reinstated 1977)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunqiao" title="Zhang Chunqiao">Zhang Chunqiao</a> <small>(dismissed 1977)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xilian" title="Chen Xilian">Chen Xilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Dengkui" title="Ji Dengkui">Ji Dengkui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yonggui" title="Chen Yonggui">Chen Yonggui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Guixian" title="Wu Guixian">Wu Guixian</a> ♀ <small>(resigned 1977)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen_(general)" title="Wang Zhen (general)">Wang Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Qiuli" title="Yu Qiuli">Yu Qiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Mu" title="Gu Mu">Gu Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jian_(politician)" title="Sun Jian (politician)">Sun Jian</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th Cabinet (1978)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Xiangqian" title="Xu Xiangqian">Xu Xiangqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Dengkui" title="Ji Dengkui">Ji Dengkui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Qiuli" title="Yu Qiuli">Yu Qiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xilian" title="Chen Xilian">Chen Xilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geng_Biao" title="Geng Biao">Geng Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yonggui" title="Chen Yonggui">Chen Yonggui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Yi" title="Fang Yi">Fang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen_(general)" title="Wang Zhen (general)">Wang Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Mu" title="Gu Mu">Gu Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Shi%27en" title="Kang Shi'en">Kang Shi'en</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Muhua" title="Chen Muhua">Chen Muhua</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Renzhong" title="Wang Renzhong">Wang Renzhong</a> <small>(added 1979)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a> <small>(added 1979)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th Cabinet (1980)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Qiuli" title="Yu Qiuli">Yu Qiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geng_Biao" title="Geng Biao">Geng Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Yi" title="Fang Yi">Fang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Mu" title="Gu Mu">Gu Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Shi%27en" title="Kang Shi'en">Kang Shi'en</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Muhua" title="Chen Muhua">Chen Muhua</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Pengfei" title="Ji Pengfei">Ji Pengfei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a> <small>(promoted to premier)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Aiping" title="Zhang Aiping">Zhang Aiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Hua" title="Huang Hua">Huang Hua</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th Cabinet (1982)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a> <small>(added 1986)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xueqian" title="Wu Xueqian">Wu Xueqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Jiahua" title="Zou Jiahua">Zou Jiahua</a> <small>(added 1991)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a> <small>(added 1991)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Jiahua" title="Zou Jiahua">Zou Jiahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a> <small>(added 1995)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Chunyun" title="Jiang Chunyun">Jiang Chunyun</a> <small>(added 1995)</small></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanqing" title="Li Lanqing">Li Lanqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Qichen" title="Qian Qichen">Qian Qichen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a> <small>(died 2007)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi_(politician)" title="Wu Yi (politician)">Wu Yi</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Peiyan" title="Zeng Peiyan">Zeng Peiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_Liangyu" title="Hui Liangyu">Hui Liangyu</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_Liangyu" title="Hui Liangyu">Hui Liangyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Keqiang Government">12th Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Gaoli" title="Zhang Gaoli">Zhang Gaoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(politician)" title="Wang Yang (politician)">Wang Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Kai" title="Ma Kai">Ma Kai</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Keqiang Government">13th Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chunlan" title="Sun Chunlan">Sun Chunlan</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Chunhua" title="Hu Chunhua">Hu Chunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_He_(politician)" title="Liu He (politician)">Liu He</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Qiang Government">14th Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guoqing" title="Zhang Guoqing">Zhang Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Guozhong" title="Liu Guozhong">Liu Guozhong</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_leaders_of_Shanghai_since_1949" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shanghai_leaders" title="Template:Shanghai leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shanghai_leaders" title="Template talk:Shanghai leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shanghai_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shanghai leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_leaders_of_Shanghai_since_1949" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Shanghai" title="Politics of Shanghai">Political leaders</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">since 1949</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Municipal_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Party Committee<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rao_Shushi" title="Rao Shushi">Rao Shushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke_Qingshi" title="Ke Qingshi">Ke Qingshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Pixian" title="Chen Pixian">Chen Pixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunqiao" title="Zhang Chunqiao">Zhang Chunqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Zhenhua" title="Su Zhenhua">Su Zhenhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Guodong" title="Chen Guodong">Chen Guodong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rui_Xingwen" title="Rui Xingwen">Rui Xingwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu Bangguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Liangyu" title="Chen Liangyu">Chen Liangyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a> <small>(acting)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Jining" title="Chen Jining">Chen Jining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Municipal_People%27s_Congress" title="Shanghai Municipal People's Congress">Congress<br />Chairpersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Youmin" title="Yan Youmin">Yan Youmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Lijiao" title="Hu Lijiao">Hu Lijiao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ye_Gongqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ye Gongqi (page does not exist)">Ye Gongqi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Tiedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Tiedi (page does not exist)">Chen Tiedi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gong_Xueping&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gong Xueping (page does not exist)">Gong Xueping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yungeng" title="Liu Yungeng">Liu Yungeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Yicui" title="Yin Yicui">Yin Yicui</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zhuoqing" title="Jiang Zhuoqing">Jiang Zhuoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Yunhu" title="Dong Yunhu">Dong Yunhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Lixin" title="Huang Lixin">Huang Lixin</a> ♀</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Shanghai" title="List of mayors of Shanghai">Mayors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke_Qingshi" title="Ke Qingshi">Ke Qingshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Diqiu" title="Cao Diqiu">Cao Diqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunqiao" title="Zhang Chunqiao">Zhang Chunqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Zhenhua" title="Su Zhenhua">Su Zhenhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Daohan" title="Wang Daohan">Wang Daohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Ju" title="Huang Ju">Huang Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Kuangdi" title="Xu Kuangdi">Xu Kuangdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Liangyu" title="Chen Liangyu">Chen Liangyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiong_(politician)" title="Yang Xiong (politician)">Yang Xiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ying_Yong" title="Ying Yong">Ying Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Zheng" title="Gong Zheng">Gong Zheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference</a><br />Chairpersons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ke_Qingshi" title="Ke Qingshi">Ke Qingshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Pixian" title="Chen Pixian">Chen Pixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Yiping&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Yiping (page does not exist)">Wang Yiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guohao" title="Li Guohao">Li Guohao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Xide" title="Xie Xide">Xie Xide</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Tiedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Tiedi (page does not exist)">Chen Tiedi</a> ♀</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Liping_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Liping (politician) (page does not exist)">Wang Liping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jiang_Yiren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jiang Yiren (page does not exist)">Jiang Yiren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feng_Guoqin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feng Guoqin (page does not exist)">Feng Guoqin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Zhiming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Zhiming (page does not exist)">Wu Zhiming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Yunhu" title="Dong Yunhu">Dong Yunhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Wenrong" title="Hu Wenrong">Hu Wenrong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Municipal_Supervisory_Commission" title="Shanghai Municipal Supervisory Commission">Supervisory</a><br />Directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Guoxun" title="Liao Guoxun">Liao Guoxun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Xuexin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Xuexin (page does not exist)">Liu Xuexin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Yangzhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Yangzhe (page does not exist)">Li Yangzhe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360563#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360563#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360563#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/219580197">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgt6qQ6Vc6GVyDwJcdYT3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/171718364">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&oldid=1256205282">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&oldid=1256205282</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Category:Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China">Vice premiers of the People's Republic of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1941_births" title="Category:1941 births">1941 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2024_deaths" title="Category:2024 deaths">2024 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chairmen_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_electrical_engineers" title="Category:Chinese electrical engineers">Chinese electrical engineers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_Communist_Party_politicians_from_Anhui" title="Category:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Anhui">Chinese Communist Party politicians from Anhui</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_16th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Delegates to the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">Delegates to the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_17th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Delegates to the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">Delegates to the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_7th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Delegates to the 7th National People's Congress">Delegates to the 7th National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_8th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Delegates to the 8th National People's Congress">Delegates to the 8th National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_9th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Delegates to the 9th National People's Congress">Delegates to the 9th National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_10th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Delegates to the 10th National People's Congress">Delegates to the 10th National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delegates_to_the_11th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Delegates to the 11th National People's Congress">Delegates to the 11th National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Members of the 14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Members of the 14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Members of the 15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Members of the 15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_16th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Members of the 16th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Members of the 16th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_17th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Members of the 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Members of the 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Category:Members of the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Members of the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People%27s_Republic_of_China_politicians_from_Anhui" title="Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Anhui">People's Republic of China politicians from Anhui</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_office-holders_in_Shanghai" title="Category:Political office-holders in Shanghai">Political office-holders in Shanghai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Hefei" title="Category:Politicians from Hefei">Politicians from Hefei</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tsinghua_University_alumni" title="Category:Tsinghua University alumni">Tsinghua University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Secretaries_of_the_Communist_Party_Shanghai_Committee" title="Category:Secretaries of the Communist Party Shanghai Committee">Secretaries of the Communist Party Shanghai Committee</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)">CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2020">Use dmy dates from August 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text">Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 November 2024, at 19:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wu_Bangguo&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-psqwl","wgBackendResponseTime":173,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.183","walltime":"1.516","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13865,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":267911,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10941,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":140240,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1236.774 1 -total"," 42.27% 522.759 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 14.22% 175.861 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.13% 174.802 10 Template:Navbox"," 12.94% 160.048 71 Template:Nobold"," 11.86% 146.644 1 Template:Lang"," 11.80% 145.955 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 9.51% 117.585 1 Template:8th_State_Council_of_China"," 8.88% 109.857 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.23% 101.771 4 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.639","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16019754,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-mczds","timestamp":"20241122142841","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Wu Bangguo","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wu_Bangguo","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q360563","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q360563","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-07-02T18:13:39Z","dateModified":"2024-11-08T19:44:19Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/30\/Aankomst_Wu_Bangguo_%287204287582%2C_cropped%29.jpg","headline":"former Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (1941\u20132024)"}</script> </body> </html>