Press Releases 2004

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Heckmann </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/committees.html"> ESO's Governing Bodies </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/"> Member States <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-16" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/austrianinvolvement/"> Austria </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/belgianinvolvement/"> Belgium </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/czechinvolvement/"> Czech Republic </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/danishinvolvement/"> Denmark </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/finnishinvolvement/"> Finland </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/frenchinvolvement/"> France </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/germaninvolvement/"> Germany </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/irishinvolvement/"> Ireland </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/italianinvolvement/"> Italy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/"> Netherlands </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/polishinvolvement/"> Poland </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/portugueseinvolvement/"> Portugal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/spanishinvolvement/"> Spain </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/swedishinvolvement/"> Sweden </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/swissinvolvement/"> Switzerland </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/britishinvolvement/"> United Kingdom </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/"> Travel and Contacts <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-33" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/garching/"> Travel to ESO Headquarters </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/vitacura/"> Travel to Vitacura Office </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/guesthouse/"> Travel to Guesthouse </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/lasilla/"> Travel to La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/laserena/"> Travel to La Serena </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/paranal/"> Travel to Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/antofagasta/"> Travel to Antofagasta </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/apexsequitor/"> Travel to APEX/Sequitor </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/chajnantor/"> Travel to Chajnantor </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/elt/"> Travel to ELT Armazones </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/"> Visits to ESO Sites <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-44" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/paranal/"> Weekend visits to Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/lasilla/"> Weekend Visits to La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/alma/"> Public Visits to the ALMA OSF </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/pressmedia/mediavisits/"> Media Visits </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/architecture/"> Architecture at ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/collaborations/"> Collaborations with ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/acronyms/"> ESO Acronyms </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/timeline/"> Timeline </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/green/"> Green ESO </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/"> Frequently Asked Questions <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-54" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-eso/"> ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-vlt-paranal/"> VLT/Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-apex-alma/"> APEX/ALMA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-survey-telescopes/"> Survey Telescopes </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/privileges_and_immunities/"> Privileges and Immunities </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-eso-australia/"> ESO & Australia </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/eso-and-chile/"> ESO & Chile </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dark-skies-preservation/"> Dark skies preservation </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/privacy/"> Terms and Conditions </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/">Images<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-65" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/search/"> Advanced Search </a></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> Categories <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-67" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/360pano/ "> 360 Panorama </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/alma/"> ALMA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/apex/"> APEX </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/chile/"> Chile </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/cosmology/"> Cosmology </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/eso-supernova/"> ESO Supernova </a></li><li class=""><a 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href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/comparisons/"> Image Comparisons </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/imageformats/"> Image Formats </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/"> Picture of the Week <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-92" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2021/"> 2021 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2020/"> 2020 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2019/"> 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2018/"> 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2017/"> 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2016/"> 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2015/"> 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2014/"> 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2013/"> 2013 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2012/"> 2012 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2011/"> 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2009/"> 2009 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2008/"> 2008 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2007/"> 2007 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/top100/"> Top 100 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-108" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/images/top100-large.zip"> Large JPG Zip File (1.9 GB) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/images/top100-original.zip"> Original TIF Zip File (32.9 GB) </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/copyright/"> Usage of ESO Images and Videos </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/wallpapers/"> Wallpapers </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/zoomable/"> Zoomable </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/">Videos<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-114" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/search/"> Advanced Search </a></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> Categories <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa 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class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/paranal/"> Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/premises/"> Premises </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/blackholes/"> Quasars and Black Holes </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/solarsystem/"> Solar System </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/starclusters/"> Star Clusters </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/stars/"> Stars </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/vnr/"> Video News Releases </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/copyright/"> Usage of ESO Videos and Images </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/videoformats/"> Video Formats </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="current"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/">News<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1 current"> <ul id="submenu-aim-141" class="submenu-aim selected current"> <li class="submenu current"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/"> Press Releases <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-142" class="submenu-aim sublevel selected current"><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 2021-2030 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span 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class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2001/"> 2001 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 1991–2000 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-167" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2000/"> 2000 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1999/"> 1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1998/"> 1998 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1997/"> 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1996/"> 1996 </a></li><li class=""><a 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href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/">Telescopes & Instruments<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-244" class="submenu-aim"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/"> Paranal Observatory <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-245" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/"> Very Large Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-246" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/"> VLT Instruments <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-247" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/4lgsf/"> 4LGSF </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/amber/"> AMBER </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/crires/"> CRIRES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/espresso/"> ESPRESSO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/eris/"> ERIS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/flames/"> FLAMES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/fors/"> FORS1 and FORS2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/gravity/"> GRAVITY </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/hawk-i/"> HAWK-I </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/isaac/"> ISAAC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/kmos/"> KMOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/mad/"> MAD </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/matisse/"> MATISSE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/midi/"> MIDI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/moons/"> MOONS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/muse/"> MUSE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/naco/"> NACO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/naomi/"> NAOMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/pionier/"> PIONIER </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sinfoni/"> SINFONI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/"> SPHERE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/uves/"> UVES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vimos/"> VIMOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/visir/"> VISIR </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/x-shooter/"> X-shooter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vtl-test-cameras/"> VLT Test Cameras </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vinci/"> VINCI </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/"> VLT Unit Telescopes Names <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-275" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/antu/"> Antu </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/kueyen/"> Kueyen </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/melipal/"> Melipal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/yepun/"> Yepun </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/auxiliarytelescopes/"> Auxiliary Telescopes </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/"> Survey Telescopes <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-281" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/"> VISTA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-282" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/mirror/"> The VISTA mirror </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/camera/"> VIRCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/4most/"> 4MOST </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/surveys/"> The VISTA surveys </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/consortium/"> The VISTA consortium </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/"> VST <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-288" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/mirror/"> The VST mirrors </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/camera/"> OmegaCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/surveys/"> The VST surveys </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/speculoos/"> SPECULOOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/ngts/"> NGTS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/cta/"> Cherenkov Telescope Array </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/"> La Silla Observatory <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-295" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swedish/"> Swedish–ESO Submillimetre Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-296" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swedish/simba/"> SIMBA </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/"> New Technology Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-298" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/efosc2/"> EFOSC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/emmi/"> EMMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/sofi/"> SOFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/soxs/"> SOXS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/susi2/"> SUSI and SUSI2 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/"> ESO 3.6-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-305" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/adonis/"> ADONIS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/caspec/"> CASPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/harps/"> HARPS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/mefos/"> MEFOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/nirps/"> NIRPS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/optopus/"> OPTOPUS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/timmi2/"> TIMMI/2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/36-infrared-photometer-spectrophotometer/"> Infrared Photometer/Spectrophotometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/36-standard-photometer/"> Standard Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/infrared-specklegraph/"> Infrared Specklegraph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/infrared-speckle-interferometer/"> Infrared Speckle Interferometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/efosc/"> EFOSC </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/"> MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-319" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/feros/"> FEROS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/grond/"> GROND </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/irac2/"> IRAC & IRAC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/pisco/"> PISCO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/wfi/"> WFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/infrared-photometer-spectrophotometer/"> Infrared Photometer/Spectrophotometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss/"> Swiss 1.2-metre Leonhard Euler Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-326" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss/coralie/"> CORALIE </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/rem/"> Rapid Eye Mount telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/trappist/"> TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope–South </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/"> Danish 1.54-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-330" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/coravel/"> CORAVEL </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/dfosc/"> DFOSC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/ccd/"> CCD camera </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/hb-photometer/"> Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/two-channel-photometer/"> Two-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/four-channel-photometer/"> Four-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/six-channel-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby-Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/tarot/"> Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1mschmidt/"> ESO 1-metre Schmidt telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/"> ESO 1.52-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-340" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/bandc/"> Boller and Chivens Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/coude/"> Coudé Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/echelec/"> ECHELEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/rv-cass-spectrograph/"> RV Cass Spectrograph </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/"> ESO 1-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-345" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/fideos/"> FIDEOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/infrared-photometer/"> Infrared Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/"> ESO 0.5-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-349" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/double-channel-photometer/"> Double-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/"> Coudé Auxiliary Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-352" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/ces/"> CES </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marly/"> MarLy 1-metre telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/"> Dutch 0.9-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-355" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/walraven/"> Walraven Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/t70/"> Swiss T70 telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/"> Bochum 0.61-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-358" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-scanner/"> Bochum Scanner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-photometer/"> Bochum Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/"> Danish 0.5-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-361" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-two-channel-hb-photometer/"> Two-Channel Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-four-channel-uvby-photometer/"> Four-Channel uvby Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-six-channel-uvby-hb-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby–Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/gpo/"> Grand Prisme Objectif telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss04/"> Swiss 0.4-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marseille/"> Marseille 0.36-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/grb/"> GRB Monitoring System </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mascara/"> MASCARA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/blackgem/"> BlackGEM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/extra/"> ExTrA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/test-bed/"> Test-Bed Telescope </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/"> APEX <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-373" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/artemis/"> ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/laboca/"> LABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/saboca/"> SABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/sepia/"> SEPIA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/apex-2a/"> APEX–2A </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/aszca/"> ASZCa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/champ-plus/"> CHAMP+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/flash/"> FLASH </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/flash-plus/"> FLASH+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/mpi_11thz/"> MPI_1.1THz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/p-artemis/"> P-ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/pi230/"> PI230 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/polka/"> PolKa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/shefi/"> SHeFI </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/"> ALMA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-388" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/antennas/"> Antennas </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/transporters/"> Transporters </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/interferometry/"> Interferometry </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/"> Receiver Bands </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/residencia/"> ALMA Residencia </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/"> Technology for Telescopes <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-395" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/active_optics/"> Active Optics </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/adaptive_optics/"> Adaptive Optics </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/ifu/"> Integral Field Units </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/interferometry/"> Interferometry </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/spectroscopy/"> Spectroscopy </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/instruments/"> Instruments </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/">Discoveries<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-402" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/top10/"> ESO Top 10 Astronomical Discoveries </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/exoplanets/"> Exoplanets </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/gravitationalwaves/"> Gravitational Wave Sources </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/gc/"> Black Hole at the Centre of our Galaxy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/grb/"> Gamma-Ray Bursts </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/science/archive/"> Science Archive </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/">Events<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-409" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/press-evt/"> Press Events </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/"> Special Events <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-411" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann18065/"> Open House Day 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/asteroid-day/"> Asteroid Day </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse17/"> Open House Day 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann16071/"> Open House Day 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/MeetESO/"> #MeetESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse15/"> Long Night of Science 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2014/"> ASTRONET 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse14/"> Open House Day 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/eeltblast/"> ELT Groundbreaking </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/cafe-and-kosmos/"> Café & Kosmos in Munich </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse13/"> Open House Day 2013 </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/"> ASTRONET 2013 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-423" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/dates/"> Important Dates </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/registration/"> Registration, Fees and Payment </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/abstracts/"> Abstract Submission </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/venue/"> Workshop Venue </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/practical_information/"> 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href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/awesome-universe/organisers/"> For Exhibitors </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/iya2009/"> IYA 2009 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/100ha/"> 100 Hours of Astronomy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/theeye/"> The Eye 3D </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/imax-hidden-universe/"> IMAX® 3D Film Hidden Universe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse11/"> Open House Day 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse09/"> Open House Day 2009 (German) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/bond/"> Bond at Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/lndw-2007eng/"> Long Night of Science 2007 </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse/"> Open House Day 2006 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-461" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse/ohd06-winnerslist/"> List of Prize Winners </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse/tdot06/"> Deutsche Fassung </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse/tdot06-gewinnerliste/"> Liste der Preisgewinner </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/pt-011203/"> Public Talks 2003 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/eso40years/"> ESO 40 Years (1962 - 2002) </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/exhibitions/"> Exhibitions <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-467" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/exhibitions/perma_exhibitions/"> ESO Permanent Exhibitions </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.esof.eu/"> EuroScience Open Forum (ESOF) </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://eas.unige.ch/EWASS2016/"> EWASS 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://aas.org/meetings/aas227"> AAS Winter 2016 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/"> Astronomical Events <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-472" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/solareclipse2019/"> Total Solar Eclipse 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/mcnaught2007/"> The Comet McNaught 2007 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/deepimpact/"> Deep Impact - 04.07.2005 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.vt-2004.org/"> The Venus Transit - 08.11.2004 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/leonids99/"> The Leonids - 17.11.1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/eclipse99/"> Solar Eclipse at ESO HQ - 11.08.1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/leonids98/"> The Leonids - 11.1998 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/pathfinder/"> Mars Pathfinder - 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/hyakutake/"> Comet Hyakutake - 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/sl9/"> SL-9 and Jupiter - 1994 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/hale-bopp/"> Comet Hale Bopp - 1994 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/events/seminars/"> Astronomy Communication Seminars </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/">Outreach<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-485" class="submenu-aim"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/"> Education <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-486" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/products/education/"> Educational Material </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.scienceinschool.org/" target="_blank"> Science in School </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.sterrenlab.com/camps/eso-astronomy-camp-2017/"> ESO Astronomy Camp 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://web.archive.org/web/20190722044743/http://www.sterrenlab.com/camps/eso-astronomy-camp-2016/"> ESO Astronomy Camp 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://web.archive.org/web/20190810160701/http://www.sterrenlab.com/camps/eso-astronomy-camp-2015/"> ESO Astronomy Camp 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://web.archive.org/web/20190321214717/http://www.sterrenlab.com/camps/eso-astronomy-camp-2014/"> ESO Astronomy Camp 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/teacherschools/"> Teacher Schools </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/prev-programmes/"> Previous Programmes <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-494" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.eaae-astronomy.org/catchastar/cas2013"> Catch a Star 2013 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.eaae-astronomy.org/catchastar/cas2011"> Catch a Star 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2008/"> Catch a Star 2008 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2007/"> Catch a Star 2007 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2005/"> Catch a Star 2005 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2004/"> Catch a Star 2004 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2003/"> Catch a Star 2003 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2002/"> Catch a Star 2002 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/liu/"> Life in the Universe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/pos/"> Physics On Stage </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/seaspace/docs/"> Sea & Space </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://kids.alma.cl/?lang=en"> ALMA Kids </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/"> Partnerships <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-507" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/"> Volunteer Translators </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/eson/"> ESO Science Outreach Network </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/"> Collaborations in Chile <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-510" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/2009/"> 2009 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/eso-ambassadors/"> ESO Outreach Ambassadors </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/organisations/"> ESO Outreach Partner Organisations </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/educators/"> Informal Educators </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://eso.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=c35dd77ef962de779092c970b&id=bd58d6ae8d"> Outreach Newsletter Form </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/photo-ambassadors/"> ESO Photo Ambassadors </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/music-ambassadors/"> ESO Music Ambassadors </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/first-picture-of-a-black-hole/blog/"> Taking the First Picture of a Black Hole </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/communication-resources/"> Astronomy Communication Resources </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/gems/"> Cosmic Gems </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/social/"> Social Media </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/"> Ultra HD Expedition <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-523" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/team/"> Meet our Heroes </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/journey/"> Journey Schedule </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/equipment/"> Equipment </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/technology-partners/"> Technology Partners </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/ultra-high-definition/blog/"> Blog </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/for_planetariums/"> For Planetariums </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/webcams/"> Webcams </a></li><li class=""><a 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this site </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="content" class=""> <div id="eso-side-logo"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/"> <div data-spy="affix" class="affix"> <div class="sprites-esologo"></div> <span>European<br>Southern<br>Observatory</span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="container " id="body"> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="archive-search outside"><form class="form-inline" role="form" action="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/" method="GET"><div class="form-group"><div class="input-group"><input id="id_archivesearch" type="text" value="" placeholder="Search Press Releases 2004..." name="search" class="form-control input-sm"/><span class="input-group-btn"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm" type="submit"><span class="fa fa-search"></span></button></span></div></div></form></div> </div> </div> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> <h1>Press Releases 2004 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://feeds.feedburner.com/EsoTopNews" class="listviewrsslink"><span class="fa fa-rss"></span></a></h1> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/newsletters/esonews.html" class="esonews_link">Subscribe to receive news from ESO in your language!</a> <div class="row news-list"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0439/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso_colour.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0439 — Organisation Release</div> <div class="news-title">Season's Greetings!</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>23 December 2004</strong>: A Happy New Year!</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0438/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0438a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0438 — Organisation Release</div> <div class="news-title">The President and the Galaxy</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>22 December 2004</strong>: On December 9-10, 2004, the ESO Paranal Observatory was honoured with an overnight visit by His Excellency the President of the Republic of Chile, Ricardo Lagos and his wife, Mrs. Luisa Duran de Lagos. The high guests were welcomed by the ESO Director General, Dr. Catherine Cesarsky, ESO's representative in Chile, Mr. Daniel Hofstadt, and Prof. Maria Teresa Ruiz, Head of the Astronomy Department at the Universidad de Chile, as well as numerous ESO staff members working at the VLT site. The visit was characterised as private, and the President spent a considerable time in pleasant company with the Paranal staff, talking with and getting explanations from everybody.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0437/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0437a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0437 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">Caught in the Cobweb</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>10 December 2004</strong>: The Tarantula Nebula is one of the most impressive views in the Southern sky. Visible to the unaided eye in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way that is located in the direction of the southern constellation Doradus at a distance of about 170,000 light-years, this huge nebula is the prototype of what astronomers refer to as a "Giant HII region". In this complex of glowing gas and very hot and luminous stars, the gas is mainly composed of protons and electrons, which are kept apart by energetic photons emitted by the stars in this area.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0436/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0436a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0436 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">Explosions in Majestic Spiral Beauties</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>1 December 2004</strong>: Images of beautiful galaxies, and in particular of spiral brethren of our own Milky Way, leaves no-one unmoved. It is difficult indeed to resist the charm of these impressive grand structures. Astronomers at Paranal Observatory used the versatile VIMOS instrument on the Very Large Telescope to photograph two magnificent examples of such "island universes", both of which are seen in a southern constellation with an animal name. But more significantly, both galaxies harboured a particular type of supernova, the explosion of a massive star during a late and fatal evolutionary stage.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> </div> <div class="row news-list"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0435/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0435a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0435 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Young Stars Poised for Production of Rocky Planets</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>24 November 2004</strong>: One of the currently hottest astrophysical topics - the hunt for Earth-like planets around other stars - has just received an important impetus from new spectral observations with the MIDI instrument at the ESO VLT Interferometer (VLTI). An international team of astronomers [2] has obtained unique infrared spectra of the dust in the innermost regions of the proto-planetary discs around three young stars - now in a state possibly very similar to that of our solar system in the making, some 4,500 million years ago. Reporting in this week's issue of the science journal Nature, and thanks to the unequalled, sharp and penetrating view of interferometry, they show that in all three, the right ingredients are present in the right place to start formation of rocky planets at these stars.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0434/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0434a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0434 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">Big Stellar Clusters Forming in the Blue Dwarf Galaxy NGC 5253</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>18 November 2004</strong>: Star formation is one of the most basic phenomena in the Universe. Inside stars, primordial material from the Big Bang is processed into heavier elements that we observe today. In the extended atmospheres of certain types of stars, these elements combine into more complex systems like molecules and dust grains, the building blocks for new planets, stars and galaxies and, ultimately, for life. Violent star-forming processes let otherwise dull galaxies shine in the darkness of deep space and make them visible to us over large distances.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0433/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0404a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0433 — Organisation Release</div> <div class="news-title">Summing Up the Unique Venus Transit 2004 (VT-2004) Programme</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>2 November 2004</strong>: On June 8, 2004, Venus - the Earth's sister planet - passed in front of the Sun. This rare event - the last one occurred in 1882 - attracted the attention of millions of people all over the world.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0432/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0432a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0432 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Measuring Cosmic Distances with Stellar Heart Beats</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>29 October 2004</strong>: Taking advantage of the very high spatial resolution provided by the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, a team of French and Swiss astronomers [1] has measured directly the change in angular diameter of four southern Cepheid variable stars over their pulsation cycle. When combined with spectroscopic radial velocity measurements, this allowed the astronomers to measure very accurately the distances of these stars in a quasi-geometrical way, and to calibrate the zero-point of the Cepheid Period-Luminosity empirical law. These observations constitute a fundamental step towards an independent verification of the extragalactic distance scale by interferometry.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> </div> <div class="row news-list"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0431/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0431a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0431 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">The Virgo Cluster of Galaxies in the Making</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>22 October 2004</strong>: An international team of astronomers [2] has succeeded in measuring with high precision the velocities of a large number of planetary nebulae [3] in the intergalactic space within the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. For this they used the highly efficient FLAMES spectrograph [4] on the ESO Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory (Chile). These planetary nebulae stars free floating in the otherwise seemingly empty space between the galaxies of large clusters can be used as "probes" of the gravitational forces acting within these clusters. They trace the masses, visible as well as invisible, within these regions. This, in turn, allows astronomers to study the formation history of these large bound structures in the universe. The accurate velocity measurements of 40 of these stars confirm the view that Virgo is a highly non-uniform galaxy cluster, consisting of several subunits that have not yet had time to come to equilibrium. These new data clearly show that the Virgo Cluster of galaxies is still in its making. They also prove for the first time that one of the bright galaxies in the region scrutinized, Messier 87, has a very extended halo of stars, reaching out to at least 65 kpc. This is more than twice the size of our own galaxy, the Milky Way.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0430/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0430a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0430 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">ESO Views of Earth-Approaching Asteroid Toutatis</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>29 September 2004</strong>: Today, September 29, 2004, is undisputedly the Day of Toutatis, the famous "doomsday" asteroid. Not since the year 1353 did this impressive "space rock" pass so close by the Earth as it does today. Visible as a fast-moving faint point of light in the southern skies, it approaches the Earth to within 1,550,000 km, or just four times the distance of the Moon.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0429/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0429a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0429 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">The Milky Way above La Silla</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>14 September 2004</strong>: Anybody who visits a high-altitude astronomical observatory at this time of the year will be impressed by the beauty of the Milky Way band that stretches across the sky. Compared to the poor views from cities and other human conglomerations, the dark and bright nebulae come into view together with an astonishing palette of clear stellar colours.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0428/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0428a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0428 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Is This Speck of Light an Exoplanet?</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>10 September 2004</strong>: Is this newly discovered feeble point of light the long-sought bona-fide image of an exoplanet? A research paper by an international team of astronomers [2] provides sound arguments in favour, but the definitive answer is now awaiting further observations. On several occasions during the past years, astronomical images revealed faint objects, seen near much brighter stars. Some of these have been thought to be those of orbiting exoplanets, but after further study, none of them could stand up to the real test. Some turned out to be faint stellar companions, others were entirely unrelated background stars. This one may well be different. In April of this year, the team of European and American astronomers detected a faint and very red point of light very near (at 0.8 arcsec angular distance) a brown-dwarf object, designated 2MASSWJ1207334-393254. Also known as "2M1207", this is a "failed star", i.e. a body too small for major nuclear fusion processes to have ignited in its interior and now producing energy by contraction. It is a member of the TW Hydrae stellar association located at a distance of about 230 light-years. The discovery was made with the adaptive-optics supported NACO facility [3] at the 8.2-m VLT Yepun telescope at the ESO Paranal Observatory (Chile). The feeble object is more than 100 times fainter than 2M1207 and its near-infrared spectrum was obtained with great efforts in June 2004 by NACO, at the technical limit of the powerful facility. This spectrum shows the signatures of water molecules and confirms that the object must be comparatively small and light. None of the available observations contradict that it may be an exoplanet in orbit around 2M1207. Taking into account the infrared colours and the spectral data, evolutionary model calculations point to a 5 jupiter-mass planet in orbit around 2M1207. Still, they do not yet allow a clear-cut decision about the real nature of this intriguing object. Thus, the astronomers refer to it as a "Giant Planet Candidate Companion (GPCC)" [4]. Observations will now be made to ascertain whether the motion in the sky of GPCC is compatible with that of a planet orbiting 2M1207. This should become evident within 1-2 years at the most.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> </div> <div class="row news-list"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0427/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0427a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0427 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Fourteen Times the Earth</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>25 August 2004</strong>: A European team of astronomers [1] has discovered the lightest known planet orbiting a star other than the sun (an "exoplanet"). The new exoplanet orbits the bright star mu Arae located in the southern constellation of the Altar. It is the second planet discovered around this star and completes a full revolution in 9.5 days. With a mass of only 14 times the mass of the Earth, the new planet lies at the threshold of the largest possible rocky planets, making it a possible super Earth-like object. Uranus, the smallest of the giant planets of the Solar System has a similar mass. However Uranus and the new exoplanet differ so much by their distance from the host star that their formation and structure are likely to be very different. This discovery was made possible by the unprecedented accuracy of the HARPS spectrograph on ESO's 3.6-m telescope at La Silla, which allows radial velocities to be measured with a precision better than 1 m/s. It is another clear demonstration of the European leadership in the field of exoplanet research.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0426/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0426a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0426 — Organisation Release</div> <div class="news-title">SINFONI Opens with Upbeat Chords</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>24 August 2004</strong>: The European Southern Observatory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (Garching, Germany) and the Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie (Leiden, The Netherlands), and with them all European astronomers, are celebrating the successful accomplishment of "First Light" for the Adaptive Optics (AO) assisted SINFONI ("Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observation in the Near-Infrared") instrument, just installed on ESO's Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory (Chile). This is the first facility of its type ever installed on an 8-m class telescope, now providing exceptional observing capabilities for the imaging and spectroscopic studies of very complex sky regions, e.g. stellar nurseries and black-hole environments, also in distant galaxies. Following smooth assembly at the 8.2-m VLT Yepun telescope of SINFONI's two parts, the Adaptive Optics Module that feeds the SPIFFI spectrograph, the "First Light" spectrum of a bright star was recorded with SINFONI in the early evening of July 9, 2004. The following thirteen nights served to evaluate the performance of the new instrument and to explore its capabilities by test observations on a selection of exciting astronomical targets. They included the Galactic Centre region, already imaged with the NACO AO-instrument on the same telescope. Unprecedented high-angular resolution spectra and images were obtained of stars in the immediate vicinity of the massive central black hole. During the night of July 15 - 16, SINFONI recorded a flare from this black hole in great detail. Other interesting objects observed during this period include galaxies with active nuclei (e.g., the Circinus Galaxy and NGC 7469), a merging galaxy system (NGC 6240) and a young starforming galaxy pair at redshift 2 (BX 404/405). These first results were greeted with enthusiasm by the team of astronomers and engineers [2] from the consortium of German and Dutch Institutes and ESO who have worked on the development of SINFONI for nearly 7 years. The work on SINFONI at Paranal included successful commissioning in June 2004 of the Adaptive Optics Module built by ESO, during which exceptional test images were obtained of the main-belt asteroid (22) Kalliope and its moon. Moreover, the ability was demonstrated to correct the atmospheric turbulence by means of even very faint "guide" objects (magnitude 17.5), crucial for the observation of astronomical objects in many parts of the sky. SPIFFI - SPectrometer for Infrared Faint Field Imaging - was developed at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) in Garching (Germany), in a collaboration with the Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie (NOVA) in Leiden and the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy (ASTRON), and ESO.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0425/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0425a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0425 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">How Old is the Milky Way ?</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>17 August 2004</strong>: Observations by an international team of astronomers [1] with the UVES spectrometer on ESO's Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory (Chile) have thrown new light on the earliest epoch of the Milky Way galaxy. The first-ever measurement of the Beryllium content in two stars in a globular cluster (NGC 6397) - pushing current astronomical technology towards the limit - has made it possible to study the early phase between the formation of the first generation of stars in the Milky Way and that of this stellar cluster. This time interval was found to amount to 200 - 300 million years. The age of the stars in NGC 6397, as determined by means of stellar evolution models, is 13,400 ± 800 million years. Adding the two time intervals gives the age of the Milky Way, 13,600 ± 800 million years. The currently best estimate of the age of the Universe, as deduced, e.g., from measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background, is 13,700 million years. The new observations thus indicate that the first generation of stars in the Milky Way galaxy formed soon after the end of the ~200 million-year long "Dark Ages" that succeeded the Big Bang.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0424/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0424a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0424 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Catching a Falling Star</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>30 July 2004</strong>: While observing a supernova in a distant galaxy with the FORS instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory (Chile), astronomers were incredibly lucky to obtain serendipitously a high quality spectrum of a very large meteor in the terrestrial atmosphere. The VLT spectrograph provided a well calibrated spectrum, making it a reference in this field of research. From this spectrum, the temperature of the meteor trail was estimated to be about 4600 degrees centigrade. The serendipitous spectrum reveals the telltale meteor emissions of oxygen and nitrogen atoms and nitrogen molecules. The VLT spectrum was the first to reveal the far red range where carbon emission lines are predicted; the absence of the lines puts constraints on the role of atmospheric chemistry when life started on earth. Because the VLT is tuned to observe objects far out in space, it focuses at infinity. The meteor, being "only" 100 km above the telescope, therefore appears out of focus in the field of view.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> </div> <div class="row news-list"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0423/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso_colour.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0423 — Organisation Release</div> <div class="news-title">Finland Becomes Eleventh ESO Member State</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>7 July 2004</strong>: Finland has become the eleventh member state of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) [1]. The formal accession procedure was carried through as planned and has now been completed. Following the signing of the corresponding Agreement earlier this year (ESO PR 02/04), acceptance by the Finnish Parliament and ratification by the Finnish President of the Agreement as well as the ESO Convention and the associated protocols in June [2] and the deposit of the instruments of accession today, Finland has now officially joined ESO.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0422/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0422a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0422 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Old Galaxies in the Young Universe</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>7 July 2004</strong>: Current theories of the formation of galaxies are based on the hierarchical merging of smaller entities into larger and larger structures, starting from about the size of a stellar globular cluster and ending with clusters of galaxies. According to this scenario, it is assumed that no massive galaxies existed in the young universe. However, this view may now have to be revised. Using the multi-mode FORS2 instrument on the Very Large Telescope at Paranal, a team of Italian astronomers [2] have identified four remote galaxies, several times more massive than the Milky Way galaxy, or as massive as the heaviest galaxies in the present-day universe. Those galaxies must have formed when the Universe was only about 2,000 million years old, that is some 12,000 million years ago. The newly discovered objects may be members of a population of old massive galaxies undetected until now. The existence of such systems shows that the build-up of massive elliptical galaxies was much faster in the early Universe than expected from current theory.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0421/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0421a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0421 — Photo Release</div> <div class="news-title">Revisiting the Orion Nebula</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>30 June 2004</strong>: Orion the Hunter is perhaps the best-known constellation in the sky, well placed in the winter for observers in both the northern and southern hemispheres, and instantly recognisable. Just below Orion's belt (three distinctive stars in a row), the hilt of his sword holds a great jewel in the sky, the beautiful Orion Nebula. Bright enough to be seen with the naked eye, the nebula, also known as Messier 42, is a wide complex of gas and dust, illuminated by several massive and hot stars at its core, the famous Trapezium stars.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0420/"> <div class="news-wrapper"> <div class="news-image"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516im_/https://cdn.eso.org/images/thumb350x/eso0420a.jpg"> </div> <div class="news-description"> <div class="news-id">eso0420 — Science Release</div> <div class="news-title">Weighing Ultra-Cool Stars</div> <div class="news-teaser"><strong>15 June 2004</strong>: Using ESO's Very Large Telescope at Paranal and a suite of ground- and space-based telescopes in a four-year long study, an international team of astronomers has measured for the first time the mass of an ultra-cool star and its companion brown dwarf. The two stars form a binary system and orbit each other in about 10 years. The team obtained high-resolution near-infrared images; on the ground, they defeated the blurring effect of the terrestrial atmosphere by means of adaptive optics techniques. By precisely determining the orbit projected on the sky, the astronomers were able to measure the total mass of the stars. Additional data and comparison with stellar models then yield the mass of each of the components. The heavier of the two stars has a mass around 8.5% of the mass of the Sun and its brown dwarf companion is even lighter, only 6% of the solar mass. Both objects are relatively young with an age of about 500-1,000 million years. These observations represent a decisive step towards the still missing calibration of stellar evolution models for very-low mass stars.</div> </div> <div class="news-readmore">Read more</div> </div>  </a> </div> </div> <div class="row statusbar"><div class="col-md-3"> Showing 1 to 20 of 39 </div><div class="col-md-6"><div class="text-center"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/list/1/">1</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/list/2/">2</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-md-3 prev-next"><a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/list/2/">Next</a></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"></div></div> <div class="copyright"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/copyright/">Usage of ESO Images, Videos, Web texts and Music</a><br/> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="row footernote"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/mailto:information@eso.org">Send us your comments!</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/newsletters/esonews/">Subscribe to receive news from ESO in your language</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://www.cdn77.com/">Accelerated by CDN77</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/web/20210130134516/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/privacy/">Terms & Conditions</a> </div> </div> <link href="/web/20210130134516cs_/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/djp/css/extras.166b25c68b97.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <script type="text/javascript">var MEDIA_URL = "/public/archives/"</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20210130134516js_/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/djp/js/main.097c0244ddc7.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div>  <div id="social-share" class="hidden-print"> <div class="link facebook" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Facebook"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link twitter" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Twitter"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/&text=&via=ESO" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link pinterest" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Pinterest"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/&media=&description=" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-pinterest" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link print" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Print"> <a href="javascript:window.print()" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-print" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link email" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share by email"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130134516/mailto:%20?subject=ESO — Press Releases 2004&body=https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <script> $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip(); </script> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="IK5eMtjmK2uan4nl8V1wOJwi8SdjobfIg09gCkhggMWoKzuUToHgPVrmgmkVZEgy"/> </body> </html>

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Press Releases 2004 | ESO