CINXE.COM

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<article class="page-content facts"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h1> Martin Luther King Jr. </h1> <h2>Facts</h2> </header> <select class="aside-navigation aside-navigation--mobile input-select js-aside-navigation--mobile" name="Go to laureate page"> <option value="" selected disabled>Navigate to:</option> <option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/summary/"> Summary</option><optgroup label=" Laureates"><optgroup label="- Martin Luther King Jr."><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/facts/" disabled selected>-- Facts</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/biographical/">-- Biographical</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/lecture/">-- Nobel Lecture</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/acceptance-speech/">-- Acceptance Speech</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/prize-presentation/">-- Prize presentation</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/nominations/">-- Nominations</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/documentary/">-- Documentary</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/questions-and-answers/">-- Questions and Answers</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/photo-gallery/">-- Photo gallery</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/speedread/">-- Speed read</option><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/other-resources/">-- Other resources</option></optgroup></optgroup><option value="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/ceremony-speech/"> Award ceremony speech</option></select> <div class="image"> <picture ><source data-srcset="https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-portrait-mini-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)" /><source data-srcset="https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-portrait-small-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)" /><source data-srcset="https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-portrait-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)" /><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Martin Luther King Jr." /><noscript><img src="https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-portrait-medium.jpg" alt="Martin Luther King Jr." /></noscript></picture><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__attribution">Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.</p></figcaption> </div> <div class="content"> <p> Martin Luther King Jr.<br> The Nobel Peace Prize 1964 </p> <p class="born-date">Born: 15 January 1929, Atlanta, GA, USA </p> <p class="dead-date">Died: 4 April 1968, Memphis, TN, USA </p> <p> Residence at the time of the award: USA </p> <p>Role: Leader of Southern Christian Leadership Conference <p> Prize motivation: “for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population” </p> <p> Prize share: 1/1 </p> </div> <div class="description border-top"> <h3> For Civil Rights and Social Justice </h3> <p> <p>Martin Luther King dreamt that all inhabitants of the United States would be judged by their personal qualities and not by the color of their skin. In April 1968 he was murdered by a white racist. Four years earlier, he had received the Peace Prize for his nonviolent campaign against racism.</p> <p>King adhered to Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence. In 1955 he began his struggle to persuade the US Government to declare the policy of racial discrimination in the southern states unlawful. The racists responded with violence to the black people's nonviolent initiatives.</p> <p>In 1963, 250,000 demonstrators marched to the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, where King gave his famous “I have a dream” speech. The following year, President Johnson got a law passed prohibiting all racial discrimination.</p> <p>But King had powerful opponents. The head of the FBI, John Edgar Hoover, had him placed under surveillance as a communist, and when King opposed the administration's policy in Vietnam, he fell into disfavour with the President. It has still not been ascertained whether King's murderer acted on his own or was part of a conspiracy.</p> </p> </div> <footer class="border-top pagecite" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/citation"> <p> To cite this section <br> MLA style: Martin Luther King Jr. – Facts. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. 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