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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">West Coast Partnership</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png/200px-West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png/300px-West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png/400px-West_Coast_Partnership_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="104" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a><br /><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_2" title="High Speed 2">High Speed 2</a> (from 2029)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dates of operation</th><td class="infobox-data">2019–2026<sup id="cite_ref-con23_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-con23-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Other</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westcoastpartnership.co.uk">www<wbr />.westcoastpartnership<wbr />.co<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>West Coast Partnership</b> (<b>WCP</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Passenger_rail_franchising_in_Great_Britain" title="Passenger rail franchising in Great Britain">railway franchise</a> in the United Kingdom for passenger trains on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a> (WCML) (and branches thereof), between <a href="/wiki/Euston_railway_station" title="Euston railway station">London Euston</a>, the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shropshire" title="Shropshire">Shropshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Wales" title="North Wales">North Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlisle" title="Carlisle">Carlisle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>. Founded in December 2019, it is currently operated by First Trenitalia West Coast Rail Limited, comprising two distinct parts, <a href="/wiki/Avanti_West_Coast" title="Avanti West Coast">Avanti West Coast</a> which runs the current services on the WCML, and West Coast Partnership Development, which is the 'shadow operator' for future high-speed services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Coast_Partnership&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Transport" title="Department for Transport">Department for Transport</a> (DfT) announced that the <a href="/wiki/InterCity_West_Coast" title="InterCity West Coast">InterCity West Coast</a> franchise would be replaced by the West Coast Partnership, which would operate express services on both the West Coast Main Line (WCML) and on <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_2" title="High Speed 2">High Speed 2</a> (HS2). </p><p>At that time, high-speed services were planned to begin on the first phase of HS2 in 2026. The new franchise was originally to start in September 2019, and to operate an initial seven years of WCML services to 2026, followed by five years as the integrated operator for WCML and HS2 (to 2031) –  with an option for the Secretary of State to extend the term by up to three years (to 2034).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DfT specified that the new operator must have experience in high-speed trains and infrastructure, hence each bidder partnered with an Asian or European high-speed operator.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2017, the DfT announced three consortiums had been shortlisted to bid for the franchise:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FirstGroup" title="FirstGroup">FirstGroup</a> (70%) / <a href="/wiki/Trenitalia" title="Trenitalia">Trenitalia</a> (30%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTR_Corporation" title="MTR Corporation">MTR Corporation</a> (75%) / <a href="/wiki/Guangshen_Railway_(company)" title="Guangshen Railway (company)">Guangshen Railway Company</a> (25%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Group" title="Stagecoach Group">Stagecoach</a> (50%) / <a href="/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF">SNCF</a> (30%) / <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Group" title="Virgin Group">Virgin Group</a> (20%)</li></ul> <p>In December 2018, MTR announced that Spain's main rail operator <a href="/wiki/Renfe_Operadora" class="mw-redirect" title="Renfe Operadora">Renfe Operadora</a> had joined its joint bid as a key subcontractor.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2019, Stagecoach Group was disqualified for submitting a non-compliant bid.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2019, the DfT announced the FirstGroup / Trenitalia consortium as the successful bidder.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trading as <a href="/wiki/Avanti_West_Coast" title="Avanti West Coast">Avanti West Coast</a> and West Coast Partnership Development,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it commenced operating the franchise on 8 December 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">COVID pandemic</a>, the franchising system in Great Britain was abolished in the autumn of 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Franchise Agreement was initially replaced by an Emergency Measures Agreement (EMA) between 1 March 2020 and 20 September 2020, and subsequently by an Emergency Recovery Measures Agreement (ERMA), in effect until 1 April 2031.<sup id="cite_ref-wcp920_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wcp920-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Poor performance in 2022 led to a new six-month short term contract being imposed by the DfT. In March 2023, this was extended for a further six months to 15 October 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-con23_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-con23-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 September 2023 DfT announced the award of a National Rail Contract (NRC) to First Trenitalia, starting on 15 October 2023 with a core term of three years (to 18 October 2026) and a maximum term of nine years (to 17 October 2032).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Coast_Partnership&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-con23-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-con23_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-con23_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/avanti-west-coast-contract-extended-for-a-further-6-months-following-recent-service-improvements">"Avanti West Coast contract extended for a further 6 months following recent service improvements"</a>. Department for Transport. 20 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Avanti+West+Coast+contract+extended+for+a+further+6+months+following+recent+service+improvements&rft.pub=Department+for+Transport&rft.date=2023-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Favanti-west-coast-contract-extended-for-a-further-6-months-following-recent-service-improvements&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191006161723/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/694762/wcp-stakeholder-briefing-document.pdf">"The West Coast Partnership Stakeholder Briefing Document"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/694762/wcp-stakeholder-briefing-document.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+West+Coast+Partnership+Stakeholder+Briefing+Document&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Department+for+Transport&rft.date=2020-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F694762%2Fwcp-stakeholder-briefing-document.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"New partnership to run West Coast and HS2 services". <i><a href="/wiki/Rail_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail Magazine">Rail Magazine</a></i>. No. 814. 23 November 2016. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rail+Magazine&rft.atitle=New+partnership+to+run+West+Coast+and+HS2+services&rft.issue=814&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2016-11-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/business/wanted-superfast-mover-to-partner-virgin-and-stagecoach-for-hs2-ds809b7f6">"Wanted: Superfast mover to partner Virgin and Stagecoach for HS2"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. 4 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Wanted%3A+Superfast+mover+to+partner+Virgin+and+Stagecoach+for+HS2&rft.date=2017-03-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Fedition%2Fbusiness%2Fwanted-superfast-mover-to-partner-virgin-and-stagecoach-for-hs2-ds809b7f6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171112071510/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/renfe-poised-to-join-virgins-hs2-franchise-bid.html">"RENFE poised to join Virgin's HS2 franchise bid"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Railway_Gazette_International" title="Railway Gazette International">Railway Gazette International</a></i>. 12 March 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/renfe-poised-to-join-virgins-hs2-franchise-bid.html">the original</a> on 12 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.atitle=RENFE+poised+to+join+Virgin%27s+HS2+franchise+bid&rft.date=2017-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Frenfe-poised-to-join-virgins-hs2-franchise-bid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191216105618/https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/west-coast-partnership-and-south-eastern-rail-franchise-bidders">"West Coast Partnership and South Eastern rail franchise bidders"</a>. Department for Transport. 22 June 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/west-coast-partnership-and-south-eastern-rail-franchise-bidders">the original</a> on 16 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=West+Coast+Partnership+and+South+Eastern+rail+franchise+bidders&rft.pub=Department+for+Transport&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fspeeches%2Fwest-coast-partnership-and-south-eastern-rail-franchise-bidders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227095542/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/three-shortlisted-for-west-coast-partnership-franchise.html">"Three shortlisted for West Coast Partnership franchise"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette International</i>. 22 June 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/three-shortlisted-for-west-coast-partnership-franchise.html">the original</a> on 27 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.atitle=Three+shortlisted+for+West+Coast+Partnership+franchise&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fthree-shortlisted-for-west-coast-partnership-franchise.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200108062318/http://mtreurope.com/news/mtr-teams-up-with-operator-of-europes-largest-high-speed-rail-network-for-west-coast-partnership-bid-">"MTR teams up with operator of Europe's largest high speed rail network for West Coast Partnership bid"</a> (Press release). MTR Corporation. 20 December 2018. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Rail+franchises+axed+as+help+for+train+firms+extended&rft.date=2020-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-54232015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Coast+Partnership" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wcp920-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wcp920_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/956539/DfT-First-Trenitalia-West-Coast-Rail-Limited-Emergency-Recovery-Measures-Agreement-Sept-2020.pdf">"Emergency Recovery Measures Agreement ("ERMA")"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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href="/wiki/East_Anglia_franchise" title="East Anglia franchise">East Anglia</a></li> <li>East Midlands</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Thameside" title="Essex Thameside">Essex Thameside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Western_franchise" title="Greater Western franchise">Greater Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterCity_East_Coast" title="InterCity East Coast">InterCity East Coast</a></li> <li>Northern</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScotRail_(brand)" title="ScotRail (brand)">ScotRail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_franchise" title="South Eastern franchise">South Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Western_franchise" title="South Western franchise">South Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thameslink,_Southern_%26_Great_Northern_franchise" class="mw-redirect" title="Thameslink, Southern & Great Northern franchise">Thameslink, Southern & Great Northern</a></li> <li>TransPennine Express</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_%26_Borders_franchise" title="Wales & Borders franchise">Wales & Borders</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West Coast Partnership</a></li> <li>West Midlands</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former franchises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Central</li> <li>InterCity Anglia</li> <li>InterCity Great Western</li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterCity_West_Coast" title="InterCity West Coast">InterCity West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Line,_Isle_of_Wight" title="Island Line, Isle of Wight">Island Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatwick_Express" title="Gatwick Express">Gatwick Express</a></li> <li>Great Eastern</li> <li>Great Western</li> <li>Midland Main Line</li> <li>North London</li> <li>North Eastern</li> <li>North Western</li> <li>South Central</li> <li>Thames</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thameslink,_Southern_%26_Great_Northern_franchise" class="mw-redirect" title="Thameslink, Southern & Great Northern franchise">Thameslink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valleys_%26_Cardiff_Local_Routes" title="Valleys & Cardiff Local Routes">Valley Lines</a></li> <li>Wales & West</li> <li>Wessex</li> <li>West Anglia Great Northern</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Coast_Partnership&oldid=1195022750">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Coast_Partnership&oldid=1195022750</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a 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