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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bills_affected"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bills affected</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bills_affected-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effect_on_parliamentary_proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effect_on_parliamentary_proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Effect on parliamentary proceedings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effect_on_parliamentary_proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consent_granted_or_withheld_on_advice_of_the_cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consent_granted_or_withheld_on_advice_of_the_cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Consent granted or withheld on advice of the cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consent_granted_or_withheld_on_advice_of_the_cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vetting_of_bills_under_consent_procedure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vetting_of_bills_under_consent_procedure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vetting of bills under consent procedure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vetting_of_bills_under_consent_procedure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">UK and Commonwealth parliamentary convention</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a>.</div> <p> In the UK and certain other <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth</a> countries, <b>King's Consent</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a parliamentary convention under which <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">Crown</a> consent is sought whenever a proposed parliamentary bill will affect the Crown's own <a href="/wiki/Prerogative" title="Prerogative">prerogatives</a> or interests (hereditary revenues, personal property, estates, or other interests). <b>Prince's Consent</b> is a similar doctrine, under which consent of the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> must be obtained for matters relating to the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall" title="Duchy of Cornwall">Duchy of Cornwall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King's or Prince's Consent must be obtained early in the legislative process, generally before <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">parliament</a> may debate or vote on a bill.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7841_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7841-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern times, following the tenets of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a>, consent is granted or withheld as advised by <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">government</a>. </p><p>According to the 1851 edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Erskine_May:_Parliamentary_Practice" title="Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice">Erskine May</a>,</i> the manual of UK <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_authority" title="Parliamentary authority">parliamentary practice</a>, the practical advantage of Queen's Consent (as it then was, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> being on the throne) was that it enabled the Crown to protect its rights without having to resort to blocking a bill after its passage by refusing <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a>. More recently, however, there has been criticism of the Crown being consulted on the content of forthcoming bills, and being given "the right and opportunity to shape prospective legislation".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics allege that even though the Crown may never formally withhold its consent contrary to government advice, the procedure is nevertheless being used to vet and change draft bills before they reach Parliament. One report noted that it was "almost certain that some Bills were changed before introduction in order to address concerns about Crown consent".<sup id="cite_ref-scotmemo_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotmemo-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-severinevans_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-severinevans-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_and_constitutional_basis">Origins and constitutional basis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins and constitutional basis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of King’s Consent are unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7849-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is evidence of consent first being invoked in 1728 when <a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George II</a> gave Parliament permission to debate the Suppression of Piracy bill, which suggests that it has been part of the UK legislative process for several hundred years. Prince’s Consent is a more recent development, probably no later than 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7849-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>King's Consent is not a right of the monarch or of the Crown under the <a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative" title="Royal prerogative">prerogative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Parliamentary_Counsel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Office of the Parliamentary Counsel (United Kingdom)">Office of the Parliamentary Counsel</a> has stated that it is entirely a matter of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">House</a> procedure.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7849-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014 the <a href="/wiki/Political_and_Constitutional_Reform_Select_Committee" title="Political and Constitutional Reform Select Committee">House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee</a> undertook an investigation into the basis of the practice, and concluded after hearing expert legal and parliamentary evidence that consent is indeed a matter of parliamentary procedure.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_78411_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_78411-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee noted that if Parliament wished to abolish consent it could do so by resolution, without any need for legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_78411_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_78411-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1851 (2nd) edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Erskine_May:_Parliamentary_Practice" title="Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice">Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice</a></i> stated that the practice was "founded upon parliamentary usage, which both houses have agreed to observe", and that as a result "it cannot be misconstrued into any interference with the proceedings of parliament". The author defended the practice of prior communication between Parliament and the Crown on the basis that, without Queen’s Consent, if parliament were to dispose of the interests or affect the prerogative of the Crown against its wishes, the Crown would in any event be able to protect itself by refusing <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a>. Queen’s Consent, then, he considered advantageous, as it avoided the need for the Crown to exert its prerogative in such a way.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent editions of <i>Erskine May</i> drop discussion of the advantages of the practice, and simply state that under certain conditions consent is "required",<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leaving unsaid the implications of its not being given.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bills_affected">Bills affected</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bills affected"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bills affecting the <a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative" title="Royal prerogative">royal prerogative</a> and the personal property and "personal interests" of the monarch require King's Consent.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United Kingdom, as well as bills that affect the prerogative, bills affecting the hereditary revenues of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Duchy of Lancaster">Duchy of Lancaster</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall" title="Duchy of Cornwall">Duchy of Cornwall</a> require King's Consent.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bills affecting the latter also require Prince's Consent from the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> in his capacity as <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Cornwall" title="Duke of Cornwall">Duke of Cornwall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In certain circumstances, such as for the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords_Act_1999" title="House of Lords Act 1999">House of Lords Act 1999</a>, the consent of the Prince of Wales, in his capacity as <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Chester" title="Earl of Chester">Earl of Chester</a> or <a href="/wiki/Prince_and_Great_Steward_of_Scotland" title="Prince and Great Steward of Scotland">Prince and Great Steward of Scotland</a>, must also be obtained where a bill affects his interests.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1993, both Queen's Consent and Prince's Consent were required in respect of the <a href="/wiki/Priests_(Ordination_of_Women)_Measure_1993" title="Priests (Ordination of Women) Measure 1993">Priests (Ordination of Women) Measure 1993</a> that enabled the <a href="/wiki/Ordination_of_women_in_the_Church_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordination of women in the Church of England">ordination of women in the Church of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wording_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wording-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Parliamentary_Counsel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Office of the Parliamentary Counsel (United Kingdom)">Office of the Parliamentary Counsel</a> has produced guidance on the need for King's or Prince's Consent and the procedures associated with them.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Canada, no act of parliament binds the monarch or their rights unless the act states that it does so.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King's Consent (or Royal Consent) is typically granted by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a> on behalf of the sovereign<sup id="cite_ref-CanParl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanParl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and specially communicated to Parliament. Typically, though, it is expressed by a minister of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canadian Crown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Australia, the royal household insists consent must first be granted for bills concerning the monarch's royal prerogative and personal interest.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is no equivalent requirement as in the UK or Canada for the Australian Parliament to receive signification of the monarch's consent.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In New Zealand no bills made by members of parliament that affect the Crown's rights and prerogatives may be passed without the consent of the Crown.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">speaker of the House</a> is responsible for ensuring consent from the crown is obtained before bills that require it can be passed. The <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">governor-general</a> is typically the one who gives a message of consent on the advice of the members of parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effect_on_parliamentary_proceedings">Effect on parliamentary proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Effect on parliamentary proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Consent is usually signified in one (in <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">unicameral</a> legislatures) or both houses (in <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> legislatures) of parliament, at either the second or third reading, by a <a href="/wiki/Privy_counsellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy counsellor">privy counsellor</a> and is recorded in <a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a>. Where proposed legislation which might affect the royal prerogative or the private interests of the Crown is sponsored by the cabinet (as is the case for most bills considered by Parliament), the department sponsoring the bill must write to the <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">palace</a> giving as much time as possible, but never less than 14 days before the bill is introduced to parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6.1">: 6.1 </span></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish parliament</a>, consent is signified by a member of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish government">Scottish government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotland_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Canadian parliament</a>, Royal Consent can be signified in only one legislative chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-CanParl_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanParl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the UK Parliament, consent is signified using the following wording (with similar wording for Prince's Consent): </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I have it in command from His Majesty the King to acquaint the House that His Majesty, having been informed of the purport of the [name of bill], has consented to place his prerogative and interest, so far as it is concerned on behalf of the Crown and the Duchy of Lancaster, at the disposal of Parliament for the purposes of the Measure.<sup id="cite_ref-wording_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wording-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>If consent is required but not signified, a bill may make no further progress through Parliament. If a bill is mistakenly allowed to progress even though the required consent was not signified and the error is discovered before <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> has been given, the proceedings may later be declared void.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Where a bill requires the consent of the Prince and Steward of Scotland or the Duke of Rothesay, the Scottish Parliament cannot debate any question whether the bill be passed or approved unless such consent to those provisions has been signified by a member of the Scottish government.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotland_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once a bill has passed Parliament and received royal assent, it is regarded as legally valid by the courts, regardless of any deficiency in parliamentary procedure, in accordance with the usual principles of <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_privilege" title="Parliamentary privilege">parliamentary privilege</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-queens_consent_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consent_granted_or_withheld_on_advice_of_the_cabinet">Consent granted or withheld on advice of the cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Consent granted or withheld on advice of the cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If King's Consent is withheld, it is, according to the tenets of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible government</a>, done on the advice of Government.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A spokesman for <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> stated in 2021 that "Queen's consent is a parliamentary process, with the role of sovereign purely formal. Consent is always granted by the monarch where requested by government. Any assertion that the sovereign has blocked legislation is simply incorrect."<sup id="cite_ref-noblock_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noblock-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, the Prince of Wales grants and withholds the Prince's Consent on the advice of the sovereign's <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Crown" title="Minister of the Crown">ministers</a>, as the Duchy of Cornwall is within British jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No bill affecting the Duchy of Cornwall has been refused consent by either the sovereign or the Duke of Cornwall. Each granting of consent by the Prince of Wales is a "matter of public record".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the monarch always consents if so advised by ministers, a <a href="/wiki/Private_member%27s_bill" title="Private member's bill">private member's bill</a>—not introduced by a government minister—that requires consent can be killed off by the government without having to muster votes or use parliamentary time by advising against consent. </p><p>In 1999, the Queen, acting on ministerial advice, refused to signify her consent to Parliament debating the <a href="/wiki/Military_Action_Against_Iraq_(Parliamentary_Approval)_Bill" title="Military Action Against Iraq (Parliamentary Approval) Bill">Military Action Against Iraq (Parliamentary Approval) Bill</a>. This was a private member's bill which sought to transfer from government (strictly speaking, the monarch acting on ministerial advice) to Parliament the power to authorize military strikes against Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prevented the bill from being debated. In 1988, the Palace of Westminster (Removal of Crown Immunity) Bill could not be debated in Parliament because Queen's Consent was withheld,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as with the Reform of the House of Lords Bill in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vetting_of_bills_under_consent_procedure">Vetting of bills under consent procedure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vetting of bills under consent procedure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the website of the royal family describes consent as "a long established convention", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> newspaper reported in February 2021 that memos had been found in the <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Archives (United Kingdom)">National Archives</a> revealing that the advance notice of forthcoming bills allows the monarch to lobby for legislative changes without actual consent being invoked. The documents were reviewed by Thomas Adams, a specialist in <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_law" title="Constitutional law">constitutional law</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>, who said they revealed "the kind of influence over legislation that lobbyists would only dream of", adding that the existence of the consent procedure appeared to have given the monarch "substantial influence" over draft laws that could affect her. As of 2021, over 1000 bills had been submitted to <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">the Queen</a> or <a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Charles">Prince Charles</a> for Queen's or Prince's Consent.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 50,000 people had, by 28 February 2021, signed a petition requesting a parliamentary inquiry into the convention of Queen's Consent.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Buckingham Palace responded to <i>The Guardian</i>, stating that consent was always granted when requested and that legislation was never blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-noblock_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noblock-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Palace is known to have requested changes to draft legislation in some cases; it is not known how many. In 1973, when a companies bill incorporating transparency measures was to be introduced in the UK Parliament, after receiving advance notice as required by the consent procedure, the Queen's lawyer and the trade department agreed an exception for heads of state. This allowed the Queen to avoid the embarrassment of disclosure of beneficial ownership of shares by the Crown until at least 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consent was not required for the bill, as eventually introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-noblock_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noblock-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was revealed in 2022 that Prince Charles had used Prince's Consent to have proposed legislation changed so that his <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall" title="Duchy of Cornwall">Duchy of Cornwall</a> <a href="/wiki/Leasehold_estate#England_and_Wales" title="Leasehold estate">leasehold</a> tenants would not have the right to buy their homes that was provided by what later became the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993. Documents revealed that Charles wrote to the Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a> expressing his "particular concern" about this aspect. The government did not wish to grant this exception, fearing that it would create a precedent for other major landowners, but ultimately, reluctantly, included the special exemption to avoid what a Whitehall official described as "a major row with the Prince of Wales", saying "the will of ministers can prevail over that of monarchy but a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_crisis" title="Constitutional crisis">constitutional crisis</a> would add a further dimension of controversy to the bill which would be better avoided".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acts that are known to have been vetted by Prince Charles are the <a href="/wiki/Leasehold_Reform_Act_1967" title="Leasehold Reform Act 1967">Leasehold Reform Act 1967</a>, the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993, and the <a href="/wiki/Commonhold_and_Leasehold_Reform_Act_2002" title="Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002">Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was reported in July 2021 that the advance notice provided by the consent procedure was used in the Scottish Parliament in 2021 to arrange for draft legislation to be modified so that the Queen, one of the largest landowners in Scotland, would become the only person in the country not required to facilitate the construction of pipelines to heat buildings using renewable energy. The Scottish government did not disclose the intervention of the Queen's lawyer when the energy minister added the exemption to the green energy bill,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> key legislation to combat the <a href="/wiki/Climate_crisis" title="Climate crisis">climate emergency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not known why the Queen's lawyer wanted the bill changed.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its creation in 1999 the Scottish Parliament has given the Queen advance notice of at least 67 parliamentary bills deemed to affect her. It is not known how many were consequently changed.<sup id="cite_ref-scot_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scot-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Liberal_Democrats" title="Scottish Liberal Democrats">Scottish Liberal Democrat</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Willie_Rennie" title="Willie Rennie">Willie Rennie</a> asked the Scottish government in a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_question" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary question">parliamentary question</a> for a list of acts amended as a result of exchanges with the Queen's representatives; the Scottish government ultimately refused to answer the question, but confidential briefing notes were later disclosed which said that it was almost certain that some bills had been changed before introduction, but that as they had not been "<a href="/wiki/Amend_(motion)" title="Amend (motion)">amended</a>" in parliamentary terms they would not have been included.<sup id="cite_ref-scotmemo_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotmemo-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-severinevans_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-severinevans-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to these reports about consent in Scotland, the palace said: "The royal household can be consulted on bills in order to ensure the technical accuracy and consistency of the application of the bill to the crown, a complex legal principle governed by statute and common law. This process does not change the nature of any such bill."<sup id="cite_ref-scot_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scot-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_conventions_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constitutional conventions of the United Kingdom">Constitutional conventions of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Known as <b>Queen's Consent</b> when the monarch is female, or <b>Royal Consent</b> in Canada<sup id="cite_ref-CanParl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanParl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <b>Crown Consent</b> in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotland_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotland-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CanParl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CanParl_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CanParl_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CanParl_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307090601/http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/Sen/Chamber/381/Journals/015jr_2004-11-17-e.htm">"1st Session, 38th Parliament - Other Business - Speaker's Ruling"</a>. <i>Journals of the Senate</i> (15). Ottawa: Parliament of Canada. 17 November 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/Sen/Chamber/381/Journals/015jr_2004-11-17-e.htm">the original</a> on 7 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journals+of+the+Senate&rft.atitle=1st+Session%2C+38th+Parliament+-+Other+Business+-+Speaker%27s+Ruling&rft.issue=15&rft.date=2004-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parl.gc.ca%2FContent%2FSen%2FChamber%2F381%2FJournals%2F015jr_2004-11-17-e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scotland-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scotland_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scotland_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scotland_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210728140124/https://www.parliament.scot/about/how-parliament-works/parliament-rules-and-guidance/-/media/7a56c2a5a0ed40908ff007e81678390f.ashx">"Standing Orders, 6th edition, 2nd revision"</a>. The Scottish Parliament. 30 June 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.scot/about/how-parliament-works/parliament-rules-and-guidance/-/media/7a56c2a5a0ed40908ff007e81678390f.ashx">the original</a> on 28 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standing+Orders%2C+6th+edition%2C+2nd+revision&rft.pub=The+Scottish+Parliament&rft.date=2021-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.scot%2Fabout%2Fhow-parliament-works%2Fparliament-rules-and-guidance%2F-%2Fmedia%2F7a56c2a5a0ed40908ff007e81678390f.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-queens_consent-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-queens_consent_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_the_Parliamentary_Counsel2022" class="citation web cs1">Office of the Parliamentary Counsel (10 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107230636/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1115058/King_s_and_Prince_s_Consent_Pamphlet.pdf">"King's and Prince's Consent"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UK Government Publishing Service</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1115058/King_s_and_Prince_s_Consent_Pamphlet.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 7 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2022</span>. <q>This pamphlet is intended for members of the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Government+Publishing+Service&rft.atitle=King%27s+and+Prince%27s+Consent&rft.date=2022-10-10&rft.au=Office+of+the+Parliamentary+Counsel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F1115058%2FKing_s_and_Prince_s_Consent_Pamphlet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7841-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7841_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHC_784">HC 784</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2021" class="citation web cs1">Green, David Allen (8 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://davidallengreen.com/2021/02/the-queens-consent-a-strange-and-obscure-feature-of-the-constitution-of-the-united-kingdom-and-why-it-should-be-abolished/">"The Queen's Consent – a strange and obscure feature of the constitution of the United Kingdom – and why it should be abolished"</a>. <i>The Law and Policy Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+and+Policy+Blog&rft.atitle=The+Queen%27s+Consent+%E2%80%93+a+strange+and+obscure+feature+of+the+constitution+of+the+United+Kingdom+%E2%80%93+and+why+it+should+be+abolished&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=David+Allen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdavidallengreen.com%2F2021%2F02%2Fthe-queens-consent-a-strange-and-obscure-feature-of-the-constitution-of-the-united-kingdom-and-why-it-should-be-abolished%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scotmemo-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scotmemo_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scotmemo_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22066057/annexes-to-foi-review-of-202200270508-communications-between-sg-and-the-royal-household-re-crown-consent-provisions-in-scottish-legislation-discussions.pdf">Annexes to FOI review of 202200270508 communications between SG and the Royal Household re Crown consent provisions in Scottish legislation discussions (memo, full text)</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). Background note to S6W 02027. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627200746/https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22066057/annexes-to-foi-review-of-202200270508-communications-between-sg-and-the-royal-household-re-crown-consent-provisions-in-scottish-legislation-discussions.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 June 2022. <q>Memo in answer to question S6W-02029 Willie Rennie: 'To ask the Scottish Government which pieces of legislation have been amended as a result of exchanges prompted by Rule 9.11 of the Standing Orders in each year since 2007, and, for each of these, whether it will publish (a) the details of any concerns raised by any party representing the Crown and (b) its response.' Memo states: 'It is also almost certain that some bills were changed before introduction in order to address concerns about crown consent, however these will not have been "amended" in parliamentary terms and so would not be included in such a list.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Annexes+to+FOI+review+of+202200270508+communications+between+SG+and+the+Royal+Household+re+Crown+consent+provisions+in+Scottish+legislation+discussions+%28memo%2C+full+text%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fs3.documentcloud.org%2Fdocuments%2F22066057%2Fannexes-to-foi-review-of-202200270508-communications-between-sg-and-the-royal-household-re-crown-consent-provisions-in-scottish-legislation-discussions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-severinevans-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-severinevans_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-severinevans_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrellEvansPegg2022" class="citation news cs1">Carrell, Severin; Evans, Rob; Pegg, David (27 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/jun/27/queen-secret-influence-laws-revealed-scottish-government-memo">"Queen's secret influence on laws revealed in Scottish government memo"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Queen%27s+secret+influence+on+laws+revealed+in+Scottish+government+memo&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft.aulast=Carrell&rft.aufirst=Severin&rft.au=Evans%2C+Rob&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2022%2Fjun%2F27%2Fqueen-secret-influence-laws-revealed-scottish-government-memo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_7849-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_7849_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHC_784">HC 784</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHC_78411-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_78411_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHC_78411_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHC_784">HC 784</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErskine_May1851" class="citation book cs1">Erskine May, Thomas (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/practicaltreatis00mayt/page/336/mode/2up?q=misconstrued&view=theater"><i>A practical treatise on the law, privileges, proceedings and usage of Parliament</i></a> (2nd ed.). London: Butterworths. pp. 336–337.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+practical+treatise+on+the+law%2C+privileges%2C+proceedings+and+usage+of+Parliament&rft.place=London&rft.pages=336-337&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Butterworths&rft.date=1851&rft.aulast=Erskine+May&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpracticaltreatis00mayt%2Fpage%2F336%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dmisconstrued%26view%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Paragraph 9.6: Queen's consent on bills". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://erskinemay.parliament.uk/section/6542/queens-consent-on-bills/"><i>Erskine May's treatise on the law, privileges, proceedings and usage of Parliament (online)</i></a> (25th, with update 2 ed.). UK Parliament. August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Paragraph+9.6%3A+Queen%27s+consent+on+bills&rft.btitle=Erskine+May%27s+treatise+on+the+law%2C+privileges%2C+proceedings+and+usage+of+Parliament+%28online%29&rft.edition=25th%2C+with+update+2&rft.pub=UK+Parliament&rft.date=2021-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ferskinemay.parliament.uk%2Fsection%2F6542%2Fqueens-consent-on-bills%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199596/cmhansrd/vo960430/text/60430w01.htm">"House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 30 Apr 1996 (pt 1)"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=House+of+Commons+Hansard+Written+Answers+for+30+Apr+1996+%28pt+1%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm199596%2Fcmhansrd%2Fvo960430%2Ftext%2F60430w01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/prince-s-consent-asked-on-12-bills-6363163.html">"Prince's consent asked on 12 bills"</a>. <i>Evening Standard</i>. 12 April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Prince%27s+consent+asked+on+12+bills&rft.date=2012-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fprince-s-consent-asked-on-12-bills-6363163.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wording-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wording_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wording_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton1993" class="citation web cs1">Newton, Tony (29 October 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=1993-10-29a.1083.4">"Priests (Ordination of Women) - debate in the House of Commons"</a>. <i>TheyWorkForYou</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheyWorkForYou&rft.atitle=Priests+%28Ordination+of+Women%29+-+debate+in+the+House+of+Commons&rft.date=1993-10-29&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fdebates%2F%3Fid%3D1993-10-29a.1083.4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Booth2012" class="citation web cs1">Robert Booth (31 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/aug/31/secret-royal-veto-powers-exposed">"Secret royal veto powers over new laws to be exposed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Secret+royal+veto+powers+over+new+laws+to+be+exposed&rft.date=2012-08-31&rft.au=Robert+Booth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2012%2Faug%2F31%2Fsecret-royal-veto-powers-exposed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElizabeth_II2005" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090705082900/http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html"><i>Interpretation Act</i></a>, 17, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada (published 1 April 2005), archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html">the original</a> on 5 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interpretation+Act&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.series=17&rft.pub=Queen%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Elizabeth+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canlii.org%2Fen%2Fca%2Flaws%2Fstat%2Frsc-1985-c-i-21%2Flatest%2Frsc-1985-c-i-21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150324011858/http://www.parl.gc.ca/ParlInfo/compilations/HouseOfCommons/legislation/CrownConsent.aspx"><i>Royal Consent Given to Bills</i></a>, Parliament of Canada, 31 March 2014, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parl.gc.ca/ParlInfo/compilations/HouseOfCommons/legislation/CrownConsent.aspx">the original</a> on 24 March 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Consent+Given+to+Bills&rft.pub=Parliament+of+Canada&rft.date=2014-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parl.gc.ca%2FParlInfo%2Fcompilations%2FHouseOfCommons%2Flegislation%2FCrownConsent.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTwomey2021" class="citation web cs1">Twomey, Anne (8 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/the-queens-gambit-new-evidence-shows-how-her-majesty-wields-influence-on-legislation-154818">"The queen's gambit — new evidence shows how Her Majesty wields influence on legislation"</a>. <i>theconversation.com</i>. Academic Journalism Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theconversation.com&rft.atitle=The+queen%27s+gambit+%E2%80%94+new+evidence+shows+how+Her+Majesty+wields+influence+on+legislation&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft.aulast=Twomey&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fthe-queens-gambit-new-evidence-shows-how-her-majesty-wields-influence-on-legislation-154818&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/House_of_Representatives/Powers_practice_and_procedure/Practice7/HTML/Chapter10/Presentation_of_bills_for_assent">"Presentation of bills for assent"</a>. <i>www.aph.gov.au</i>. Parliament of Australia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aph.gov.au&rft.atitle=Presentation+of+bills+for+assent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aph.gov.au%2FAbout_Parliament%2FHouse_of_Representatives%2FPowers_practice_and_procedure%2FPractice7%2FHTML%2FChapter10%2FPresentation_of_bills_for_assent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/parliamentary-rules/standing-orders-2020-by-chapter/chapter-5-legislative-procedures/">"Chapter 5: Legislative procedures - New Zealand Parliament (SO 321)"</a>. <i>www.parliament.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parliament.nz&rft.atitle=Chapter+5%3A+Legislative+procedures+-+New+Zealand+Parliament+%28SO+321%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.nz%2Fen%2Fpb%2Fparliamentary-rules%2Fstanding-orders-2020-by-chapter%2Fchapter-5-legislative-procedures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.nz/en/visit-and-learn/how-parliament-works/parliamentary-practice-in-new-zealand/chapter-9-communications-with-the-crown/">"Chapter 9 Communications with the Crown - New Zealand Parliament"</a>. <i>www.parliament.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parliament.nz&rft.atitle=Chapter+9+Communications+with+the+Crown+-+New+Zealand+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.nz%2Fen%2Fvisit-and-learn%2Fhow-parliament-works%2Fparliamentary-practice-in-new-zealand%2Fchapter-9-communications-with-the-crown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">e.g. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1949/jul/20/national-parks-and-access-to-the">Hansard HC Deb 20 July 1949 vol 467 cc1385-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/queen-and-government">"The Queen and Parliament"</a>. <i>www.royal.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140301031409/https://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/QueenandGovernment/QueeninParliament.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royal.uk&rft.atitle=The+Queen+and+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royal.uk%2Fqueen-and-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-noblock-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-noblock_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-noblock_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-noblock_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55975199">"Queen did not block legislation, Buckingham Palace says"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 8 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Queen+did+not+block+legislation%2C+Buckingham+Palace+says&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-55975199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian.com-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jan/14/secret-papers-royals-veto-bills">"Secret papers show extent of senior royals' veto over bills"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 15 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Secret+papers+show+extent+of+senior+royals%27+veto+over+bills&rft.date=2013-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2013%2Fjan%2F14%2Fsecret-papers-royals-veto-bills&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/faqs">"FAQs | Prince of Wales"</a>. <i>www.princeofwales.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.princeofwales.gov.uk&rft.atitle=FAQs+%26%23124%3B+Prince+of+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeofwales.gov.uk%2Ffaqs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/320514.stm">Iraq attack bill fails</a>". BBC News, 16 April 1999. Source incorrectly refers to "Royal Assent", but Hansard reference correctly states "consent".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199899/cmhansrd/vo990416/debtext/90416-21.htm">Extract</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i>, 16 April 1999, Col.521) ("Queen's consent has not been signified.")</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debate/?id=1988-07-08a.1370.28">"Palace of Westminster (Removal of Crown Immunity) Bill"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. House of Commons. 8 July 1998. col. 1370–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Palace+of+Westminster+%28Removal+of+Crown+Immunity%29+Bill&rft.btitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.pages=col.-1370-&rft.pub=House+of+Commons&rft.date=1998-07-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fdebate%2F%3Fid%3D1988-07-08a.1370.28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debate/?id=1990-01-26a.1241.4">"Reform of the House of Lords Bill"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. House of Commons. 26 January 1990. col. 1241–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Reform+of+the+House+of+Lords+Bill&rft.btitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.pages=col.-1241-&rft.pub=House+of+Commons&rft.date=1990-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fdebate%2F%3Fid%3D1990-01-26a.1241.4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2021" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Rob (8 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/08/royals-vetted-more-than-1000-laws-via-queens-consent">"Royals vetted more than 1,000 laws via Queen's consent"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Royals+vetted+more+than+1%2C000+laws+via+Queen%27s+consent&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F08%2Froyals-vetted-more-than-1000-laws-via-queens-consent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansPegg2021" class="citation web cs1">Evans, Rob; Pegg, David (28 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/28/queens-consent-investigation-petition">"More than 50,000 people call for inquiry into use of Queen's consent"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=More+than+50%2C000+people+call+for+inquiry+into+use+of+Queen%27s+consent&rft.date=2021-02-28&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F28%2Fqueens-consent-investigation-petition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2021" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Rob (7 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/07/revealed-queen-lobbied-for-change-in-law-to-hide-her-private-wealth">"Revealed: Queen lobbied for change in law to hide her private wealth"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Revealed%3A+Queen+lobbied+for+change+in+law+to+hide+her+private+wealth&rft.date=2021-02-07&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F07%2Frevealed-queen-lobbied-for-change-in-law-to-hide-her-private-wealth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansPeggCarrell2022" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Rob; Pegg, David; Carrell, Severin (28 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/jun/28/prince-charles-pressured-ministers-change-law-queen-consent">"Revealed: how Prince Charles pressured ministers to change law to benefit his estate"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Revealed%3A+how+Prince+Charles+pressured+ministers+to+change+law+to+benefit+his+estate&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft.au=Carrell%2C+Severin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2022%2Fjun%2F28%2Fprince-charles-pressured-ministers-change-law-queen-consent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansPeggBarton2021" class="citation web cs1">Evans, Rob; Pegg, David; Barton, Michael (9 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/09/prince-charles-vetted-laws-that-stop-his-tenants-buying-their-homes">"Prince Charles vetted laws that stop his tenants buying their homes"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Prince+Charles+vetted+laws+that+stop+his+tenants+buying+their+homes&rft.date=2021-02-09&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft.au=Barton%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F09%2Fprince-charles-vetted-laws-that-stop-his-tenants-buying-their-homes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2021/9/enacted">Acts of the Scottish Parliament: Heat Networks (Scotland) Act 2021: Part 6 - Compulsory acquisition of land. Section 68 - Compulsory acquisition of land by licence holder. Subsection 3: The Scottish Ministers must not authorise under subsection (1) any acquisition in relation to land which belongs to Her Majesty in right of Her private estates</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansCarrellPegg2021" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Rob; Carrell, Severin; Pegg, David (28 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jul/28/queen-secretly-lobbied-scottish-ministers-climate-law-exemption">"Queen secretly lobbied Scottish ministers for climate law exemption"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Queen+secretly+lobbied+Scottish+ministers+for+climate+law+exemption&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Carrell%2C+Severin&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Fjul%2F28%2Fqueen-secretly-lobbied-scottish-ministers-climate-law-exemption&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrellEvans2021" class="citation news cs1">Carrell, Severin; Evans, Rob (29 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jul/29/scottish-government-refuses-to-publish-details-about-queens-secret-lobbying">"Scottish government refuses to publish details about Queen's secret lobbying"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Scottish+government+refuses+to+publish+details+about+Queen%27s+secret+lobbying&rft.date=2021-07-29&rft.aulast=Carrell&rft.aufirst=Severin&rft.au=Evans%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Fjul%2F29%2Fscottish-government-refuses-to-publish-details-about-queens-secret-lobbying&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scot-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scot_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scot_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrellEvansHughesPegg2021" class="citation news cs1">Carrell, Severin; Evans, Rob; Hughes, Amy; Pegg, David (28 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jul/28/revealed-queen-vetted-67-laws-before-scottish-parliament-pass-them">"Revealed: Queen vetted 67 laws before Scottish parliament could pass them"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Revealed%3A+Queen+vetted+67+laws+before+Scottish+parliament+could+pass+them&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft.aulast=Carrell&rft.aufirst=Severin&rft.au=Evans%2C+Rob&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Amy&rft.au=Pegg%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2021%2Fjul%2F28%2Frevealed-queen-vetted-67-laws-before-scottish-parliament-pass-them&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHC_784" class="citation report cs1">House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmpolcon/784/784.pdf">The impact of Queen's and Prince's Consent on the legislative process: Eleventh Report of Session 2013–14</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). The Stationery Office, The House of Commons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+impact+of+Queen%27s+and+Prince%27s+Consent+on+the+legislative+process%3A+Eleventh+Report+of+Session+2013%E2%80%9314&rft.pub=The+Stationery+Office%2C+The+House+of+Commons&rft.date=2014&rft.au=House+of+Commons+Political+and+Constitutional+Reform+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm201314%2Fcmselect%2Fcmpolcon%2F784%2F784.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+Consent" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/645652/Guide_to_Making_Legislation_Jul_2017.pdf">Cabinet Office guide to legislation for civil servants</a> (see chapter 18)</li> <li>House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmpolcon/224/224.pdf"><i>The Impact of Queen’s and Prince’s Consent on the Legislative Process: Government Response to the Committee's Eleventh Report of Session, 2013–2014</i></a>. 16 June 2014. London: The Stationery Office, Limited.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parl.gc.ca/ParlInfo/compilations/HouseOfCommons/legislation/CrownConsent.aspx">Parliament of Canada: Royal Consent Given to Bills</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Monarchy in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">The Crown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_the_Canadian_provinces" title="Monarchy in the Canadian provinces">Monarchy in the Canadian provinces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_British_Columbia" title="Monarchy in British Columbia">BC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Alberta" title="Monarchy in Alberta">AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Saskatchewan" title="Monarchy in Saskatchewan">SK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Manitoba" title="Monarchy in Manitoba">MB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Ontario" title="Monarchy in Ontario">ON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Quebec" title="Monarchy in Quebec">QC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_New_Brunswick" title="Monarchy in New Brunswick">NB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Nova_Scotia" title="Monarchy in Nova Scotia">NS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Monarchy in Prince Edward Island">PE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Monarchy in Newfoundland and Labrador">NL</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs" title="List of Canadian monarchs">Monarchs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">Viceroys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General of Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor (Canada)">Lieutenant governors in Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of British Columbia">BC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_British_Columbia" title="List of lieutenant governors of British Columbia">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Alberta">AB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Alberta" title="List of lieutenant governors of Alberta">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Saskatchewan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan">SK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Saskatchewan" title="List of lieutenant governors of Saskatchewan">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Manitoba">MB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Manitoba" title="List of lieutenant governors of Manitoba">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Ontario">ON</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Ontario" title="List of lieutenant governors of Ontario">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Quebec">QC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Quebec" title="List of lieutenant governors of Quebec">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of New Brunswick">NB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_New_Brunswick" title="List of lieutenant governors of New Brunswick">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Nova_Scotia" title="Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia">NS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Nova_Scotia" title="List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island">PE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="List of lieutenant governors of Prince Edward Island">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador">NL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lieutenant governors of Newfoundland and Labrador">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner#Canadian_territories" title="Commissioner">Territorial Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advisory_Committee_on_Vice-Regal_Appointments" title="Advisory Committee on Vice-Regal Appointments">Advisory Committee on Vice-Regal Appointments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Canada" title="Constitution of Canada">Constitutional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King-in-Council" title="King-in-Council">King-in-Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King-in-Parliament" title="King-in-Parliament">King-in-Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada" title="Court system of Canada">King-on-the-Bench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_(law)" title="Peace (law)">King's peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Crown_and_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces">The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Crown_and_Indigenous_peoples_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada">The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_copyright#Canada" title="Crown copyright">Crown copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_corporations_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown corporations of Canada">Crown corporations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Printer" title="King's Printer">King's Printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_charter#Canada" title="Royal charter">Royal charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_royal_commissions" title="List of Canadian royal commissions">Royal commissions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ceremonial and symbolic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapels_Royal#Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapels Royal">Chapels Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Collection" title="Crown Collection">Crown Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_royal_symbols" title="Canadian royal symbols">Royal symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_tours_of_Canada" title="Royal tours of Canada">Royal tours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_royal_tours_of_Canada_(18th%E2%80%9320th_centuries)" title="List of royal tours of Canada (18th–20th centuries)">1786–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_royal_tours_of_Canada_(21st_century)" title="List of royal tours of Canada (21st century)">2000–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_address_by_the_British_monarch" title="Special address by the British monarch">Special address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_Canadian_sovereign" class="mw-redirect" title="Style of the Canadian sovereign">Title and style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrones_of_Canada" title="Thrones of Canada">Thrones of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Coronation_Contingent" title="Canadian Coronation Contingent">Canadian Coronation Contingent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Secretary_to_the_King" title="Canadian Secretary to the King">Canadian Secretary to the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_monarchy_in_Canada" title="History of monarchy in Canada">History of monarchy in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_on_the_monarchy_in_Canada" title="Debate on the monarchy in Canada">Debate on the monarchy in Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parliament_of_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliament_of_Australia" title="Template:Parliament of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliament_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Parliament of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parliament_of_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament of Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">King</a> <small>(represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate" title="Australian Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="397" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary<br />officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Senate (Australia)">President of the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Australian_Senate" title="Clerk of the Australian Senate">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate_(Australia)" title="Leader of the Government in the Senate (Australia)">Leader of the Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manager_of_Government_Business_in_the_Senate" title="Manager of Government Business in the Senate">Manager of Government Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_the_Senate_(Australia)" title="Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Australia)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manager_of_Opposition_Business_in_the_Senate" title="Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate">Manager of Opposition Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_whip_(Australia)" title="Party whip (Australia)">Whips</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_whips_in_the_Australian_Senate" title="List of whips in the Australian Senate">list</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives">Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Clerk of the Australian House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Australia)" title="Leader of the House (Australia)">Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Australia)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Australia)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manager_of_Opposition_Business_in_the_House_(Australia)" title="Manager of Opposition Business in the House (Australia)">Manager of Opposition Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_whip_(Australia)" title="Party whip (Australia)">Whips</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_whips_in_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="List of whips in the Australian House of Representatives">list</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_served_in_both_Houses_of_the_Australian_Parliament" title="List of people who have served in both Houses of the Australian Parliament">Served in both houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Australian_Parliament_who_represented_more_than_one_state_or_territory" title="Members of the Australian Parliament who represented more than one state or territory">Represented multiple states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_longest-serving_members_of_the_Parliament_of_Australia" title="List of longest-serving members of the Parliament of Australia">Longest service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politicians_in_Australia#Federal" title="Independent politicians in Australia">Independents</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Australian_Senate,_2022%E2%80%932025" title="Members of the Australian Senate, 2022–2025">Current</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Australian_Senate" title="Members of the Australian Senate">previous</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_Senate_appointments" title="List of Australian Senate appointments">Appointees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Australian_Senate" title="Women in the Australian Senate">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives,_2022%E2%80%932025" title="Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 2022–2025">Current</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Members of the Australian House of Representatives">previous</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the Australian House of Representatives">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliaments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Australian_federal_parliaments" title="Chronology of Australian federal parliaments">Chronology of Australian federal parliaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_Parliament_of_Australia" title="45th Parliament of Australia">45th Parliament of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46th_Parliament_of_Australia" title="46th Parliament of Australia">46th Parliament of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Parliament_of_Australia" title="47th Parliament of Australia">47th Parliament of Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">Speech from the throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_meetings_of_the_Australian_Parliament" title="Joint meetings of the Australian Parliament">Joint meetings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_time" title="Question time">Question time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_public_importance" title="Matter of public importance">Matter of public importance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_(legislature)" title="Reading (legislature)">Readings of bills</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_Australia" title="List of acts of the Parliament of Australia">List of acts of the Parliament of Australia</a></li> <li>Committees: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate_committees" title="Australian Senate committees">Senate</a> | <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="Australian House of Representatives committees">House of Reps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Australia" title="Elections in Australia">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Australian_federal_election" title="2022 Australian federal election">Last</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Australian_federal_election" title="2025 Australian federal election">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_federal_elections" title="List of Australian federal elections">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_dissolution" title="Double dissolution">Double dissolution</a></li> <li>Senate: <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">Single transferable vote</a></li> <li>House of Representatives: <a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting" title="Instant-runoff voting">Instant-runoff voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-party-preferred_vote" title="Two-party-preferred vote">Two-party-preferred vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electorates_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Electorates of the Australian House of Representatives">Electorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_federal_by-elections" title="List of Australian federal by-elections">By-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government_of_Australia" title="Caretaker government of Australia">Caretaker government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Disputed_Returns_(Australia)" title="Court of Disputed Returns (Australia)">Court of Disputed Returns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Melbourne" title="Parliament House, Melbourne">Parliament House, Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Old Parliament House, Canberra">Old Parliament House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Parliament House, Canberra">Parliament House, Canberra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Australian_Parliament_who_died_in_office" title="List of members of the Australian Parliament who died in office">List of members of the Australian Parliament who died in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_multiple_Australian_legislatures" title="Members of multiple Australian legislatures">Members of multiple Australian legislatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parliament_of_New_Zealand" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Template:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Template talk:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parliament_of_New_Zealand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">Parliament of New Zealand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Monarch</a> (represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council_(1841%E2%80%931853)" title="New Zealand Legislative Council (1841–1853)">Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1841–1853)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="New Zealand Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1853–1950)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_Representatives_crest.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/100px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/150px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/200px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary<br />officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="List of speakers of the New Zealand Legislative Council">Speaker of the Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_Committees_(New_Zealand_Legislative_Council)" title="Chairman of Committees (New Zealand Legislative Council)">Chairman of Committees</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Legislative_Council" title="Leader of the Legislative Council">Leader of the Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">Speaker of the House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_Committees_(New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives)" title="Chairman of Committees (New Zealand House of Representatives)">Chairman of Committees</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Clerk_of_the_House_of_Representatives" title="Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the House (New Zealand)">Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">Ministers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Prime Minister of New Zealand">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Official Opposition (New Zealand)">Shadow Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Leader_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Shadow Leader of the House (New Zealand)">Shadow Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_whip_(New_Zealand)" title="Party whip (New Zealand)">Whips</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_squad_(New_Zealand)" title="Suicide squad (New Zealand)">Abolition of the Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="List of members of the New Zealand Legislative Council">Members of the Legislative Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/54th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="54th New Zealand Parliament">Current</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/53rd_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="53rd New Zealand Parliament">previous</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_longest-serving_members_of_the_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="List of longest-serving members of the New Zealand Parliament">30+ years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Father of the House (New Zealand)">Father or Mother of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_of_the_House#New_Zealand" title="Baby of the House">Baby of the House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">Speech from the throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_time#New_Zealand" title="Question time">Question Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_(legislature)" title="Reading (legislature)">Readings of bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_member%27s_bill#New_Zealand" title="Private member's bill">Members' bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="New Zealand House of Representatives committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2023 New Zealand general election">Previous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_New_Zealand_general_election" title="Next New Zealand general election">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_New_Zealand" title="List of parliaments of New Zealand">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">Electoral system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-member_proportional_representation" title="Mixed-member proportional representation">Mixed-member proportional</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">First-past-the-post</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(previously)</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_electorates" title="New Zealand electorates">Electorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_by-elections" title="List of New Zealand by-elections">By-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appointments_to_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="List of appointments to the New Zealand House of Representatives">Appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_supplementary_elections" title="New Zealand supplementary elections">Supplementary elections</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">Caretaker government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_House" title="General Assembly House">General Assembly House</a>, Auckland <span style="font-size:90%;">(demolished)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Wellington" title="Parliament House, Wellington">Parliament House, Wellington</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beehive_(New_Zealand)" title="Beehive (New Zealand)">Beehive</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current executive wing)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliamentary_Library" title="New Zealand Parliamentary Library">Parliamentary Library</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowen_House" title="Bowen House">Bowen House</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Parliamentary_Association" title="Commonwealth Parliamentary Association">Commonwealth Parliamentary Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislature_broadcasters_in_New_Zealand" title="Legislature broadcasters in New Zealand">Legislature broadcasters in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Debates_(Hansard)" title="Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)"><i>Parliamentary Debates</i> (Hansard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka-jumping" title="Waka-jumping">Waka-jumping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&oldid=1246396874">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King%27s_Consent&oldid=1246396874</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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