CINXE.COM
Амшын Еиқәа — Авикипедиа
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ab" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Амшын Еиқәа — Авикипедиа</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )abwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ажьырныҳәамза","жәабранмза","хәажәкырамза","мшаԥымза","лаҵарамза","рашәарамза","ԥхынгәымза","нанҳәамза","цәыббрамза","жьҭаарамза","абҵарамза","ԥхынҷкәынмза"],"wgRequestId":"b8f16532-4f59-4efd-b3e4-feb1cb1b5a3f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Амшын_Еиқәа","wgTitle":"Амшын Еиқәа","wgCurRevisionId":148143,"wgRevisionId":148143,"wgArticleId":3532,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["FAST аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","VIAF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","BNE аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","BNF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа", "BNFdata аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","GND аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","J9U аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","LCCN аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","Libris аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","NKC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","NSK аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","VcBA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","Pleiades аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","IEU аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","NARA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","SUDOC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа","ISBN анашанатә зхьарԥшқәа рдаҟьақәа","Амшын Еиқәа","Амшынқәа"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ab","wgPageContentLanguage":"ab","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Амшын_Еиқәа","wgRelevantArticleId":3532, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ab","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ab"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q166","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled": false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ProtectionIndicator","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap", "ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ab&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ab&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ab&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="843"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg/800px-Black-Sea-NASA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="562"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg/640px-Black-Sea-NASA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="450"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Амшын Еиқәа — Авикипедиа"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ab.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Аредакциазура" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Авикипедиа (ab)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ab.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ab"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Авикипедиа — Atom-лента" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D1%80%D2%BD%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BE%D1%8B%D1%86%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Амшын_Еиқәа rootpage-Амшын_Еиқәа skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Перейти к содержанию</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Главное меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Главное меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Главное меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Анавигациа </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0" title="Перейти на заглавную страницу [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Ихадоу адаҟьа</span></a></li><li id="n-browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:A%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D4%A5%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0"><span>Арубрикациа</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0"><span>Арбага А — Ә</span></a></li><li id="n-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:A%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D4%A5%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0"><span>Астатиақәа абара-барақәа</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D3%99%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8" title="Посмотреть случайно выбранную страницу [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Машәырлатәи аҩымҭа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ахалархәра </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bug_in_article-url"><span>Сообщить об ошибке</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="О проекте, о том, чем здесь можно заниматься, а также — где что находится"><span>Ахәидкыла рпортал</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Афорум</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D1%80%D2%BD%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BE%D1%8B%D1%86%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список последних изменений [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Арҽеира ҿыцқәа</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%BE%D1%8B%D1%86"><span>Адаҟьа ҿыцқәа</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Место расположения Справки"><span>Ацхыраара</span></a></li><li id="n-uploadbtn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0"><span>Афаил аҭагалара</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Авикипедиа" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ab.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.25em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ab.svg" width="120" height="11" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.6875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D4%A5%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Асаит Авикипедиа аҟны аԥшаара [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Аԥшаара</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Асаит Авикипедиа аҟны аԥшаара" aria-label="Асаит Авикипедиа аҟны аԥшаара" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Асаит Авикипедиа аҟны аԥшаара [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Цастәи:Аԥшаара"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Аԥшаара</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ахаҭатә маругақәа"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Внешний вид" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Внешний вид</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ab.wikipedia.org&uselang=ab" class=""><span>Ацхыраара зылшо</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно." class=""><span>Аҳасабрбатә нҵамҭа аԥҵатәуп</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Иҭалатәуп</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ахаҭатә маругақәа" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ахаҭатә маругақәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Пользовательское меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ab.wikipedia.org&uselang=ab"><span>Ацхыраара зылшо</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аҳасабрбатә нҵамҭа аԥҵатәуп</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Иҭалатәуп</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%86%D1%85%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список правок, сделанных с этого IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Алагалақәа</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%86%D3%99%D0%B0%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Страница обсуждений для моего IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Ахцәажәара</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eскрыть\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ab\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Содержание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Содержание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Алитература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Алитература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Алитература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Алитература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ахьарԥшқәа" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ахьарԥшқәа"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ахьарԥшқәа</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ахьарԥшқәа-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содержание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Амшын Еиқәа</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 210 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-210" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">абызшәақәа: 210</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8B_%D0%A8%D3%80%D1%83%D1%86%D3%80%D1%8D" title="Хы ШӀуцӀэ — аедыгь" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Хы ШӀуцӀэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="аедыгь" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swartsee" title="Swartsee — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Swartsee" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzes_Meer" title="Schwarzes Meer — швеицариатәи агерман" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schwarzes Meer" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швеицариатәи агерман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A5%E1%89%81%E1%88%AD_%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%AD" title="ጥቁር ባሕር — амхар" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጥቁር ባሕር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra — арагон" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mar Negra" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euxinus" title="Euxinus — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Euxinus" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="काला सागर — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="काला सागर" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF" title="البحر الأسود — араб" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="البحر الأسود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%A1%DC%90_%DC%90%DC%98%DC%9F%DC%A1%DC%90" title="ܝܡܐ ܐܘܟܡܐ — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܡܐ ܐܘܟܡܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AD%D9%84" title="لبحر لكحل — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لبحر لكحل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF" title="البحر الاسود — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="البحر الاسود" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%B0" title="কৃষ্ণ সাগৰ — ассам" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কৃষ্ণ সাগৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negru" title="Mar Negru — астури" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mar Negru" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="करीया सागर — авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="करीया सागर" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_d%C9%99niz" title="Qara dəniz — азербаиџьан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qara dəniz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербаиџьан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="قارا دنیز — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قارا دنیز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" title="Ҡара диңгеҙ — абашкир" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡара диңгеҙ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="абашкир" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segara_Cemeng" title="Segara Cemeng — абали" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Segara Cemeng" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="абали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwoazzes_Meea" title="Schwoazzes Meea — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schwoazzes Meea" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jouduoj%C4%97_j%C5%ABra" title="Jouduojė jūra — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Jouduojė jūra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Itom" title="Dagat Itom — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dagat Itom" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Чорнае мора — абелорус" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чорнае мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="абелорус" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Чорнае мора — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Чорнае мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Черно море — аболгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Черно море" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="аболгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="काला सागर — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="काला सागर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0" title="কৃষ্ণ সাগর — абенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কৃষ্ণ সাগর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="абенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_Du" title="Mor Du — абретон" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mor Du" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="абретон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crno_more" title="Crno more — абосни" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Crno more" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="абосни" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Хара тэнгис — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хара тэнгис" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra — акаталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mar Negra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="акаталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AC-h%C4%81i" title="Ŭ-hāi — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ŭ-hāi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Ӏаьржа хӀорд — ачечен" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏаьржа хӀорд" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ачечен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%95%D8%B4" title="دەریای ڕەش — агәҭантәи ақәырд" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەریای ڕەش" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="агәҭантәи ақәырд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_neru" title="Mari neru — акорсикан" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mari neru" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="акорсикан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_de%C3%B1iz" title="Qara deñiz — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qara deñiz" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cern%C3%A9_mo%C5%99e" title="Černé moře — ачеш" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Černé moře" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ачеш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C3%B4rn%C3%A9_M%C3%B2rze" title="Czôrné Mòrze — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Czôrné Mòrze" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81" title="Хура тинĕс — ачуваш" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хура тинĕс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ачуваш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_M%C3%B4r_Du" title="Y Môr Du — авалли" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Môr Du" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="авалли" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortehavet" title="Sortehavet — адат" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sortehavet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="адат" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzes_Meer" title="Schwarzes Meer — агерман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwarzes Meer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="агерман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deryao_Siya" title="Deryao Siya — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Deryao Siya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carne_m%C3%B3rjo" title="Carne mórjo — ҵаҟатәи лужик" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Carne mórjo" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="ҵаҟатәи лужик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="काला सागर — Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="काला सागर" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B7_%CE%98%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Μαύρη Θάλασσα — абырзен" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαύρη Θάλασσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="абырзен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — англыз" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англыз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="хорошая статья"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigra_maro" title="Nigra maro — аесперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nigra maro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="аесперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro — аиспан" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mar Negro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="аиспан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Must_meri" title="Must meri — аестон" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Must meri" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="аестон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsaso_Beltza" title="Itsaso Beltza — абаск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Itsaso Beltza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="абаск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_Negru" title="Mari Negru — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mari Negru" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%87" title="دریای سیاه — аџьам" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دریای سیاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="аџьам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustameri" title="Mustameri — афин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mustameri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="афин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Must_meri" title="Must meri — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Must meri" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartahavi%C3%B0" title="Svartahavið — афарер" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Svartahavið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="афарер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_Noire" title="Mer Noire — афранцыз" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mer Noire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="афранцыз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_N%C3%AAre" title="Mar Nêre — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mar Nêre" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suart_Sia" title="Suart Sia — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Suart Sia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarte_See" title="Swarte See — мраҭашәаратәи африз" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Swarte See" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="мраҭашәаратәи африз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhuir_Dhubh" title="An Mhuir Dhubh — аирланд" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mhuir Dhubh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="аирланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_deniz" title="Kara deniz — гагаузский" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Kara deniz" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагаузский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="黑海" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%27_Mhuir_Dhubh" title="A' Mhuir Dhubh — агел" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="A' Mhuir Dhubh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="агел" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro — агалиси" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mar Negro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="агалиси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A3_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سيأ دریا — Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سيأ دریا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_H%C5%A9" title="Para Hũ — агуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Para Hũ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="агуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B3%E0%AB%8B_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="કાળો સમુદ્ર — агуџарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કાળો સમુદ્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="агуџарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Vooir_Ghoo" title="Yn Vooir Ghoo — амен" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Vooir Ghoo" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="амен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — ахауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ахауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BB-h%C3%B3i" title="Vû-hói — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vû-hói" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A8" title="הים השחור — аиврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הים השחור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="аиврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="काला सागर — ахинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="काला सागर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ахинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crno_more" title="Crno more — ахорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crno more" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ахорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Corne_morjo" title="Čorne morjo — хыхьтәи-алужик" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Čorne morjo" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="хыхьтәи-алужик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fekete-tenger" title="Fekete-tenger — авенгер" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fekete-tenger" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="авенгер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D6%87_%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Սև ծով — аерман" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սև ծով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="аерман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D6%82_%D4%BE%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Սեւ Ծով — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սեւ Ծով" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Nigre" title="Mar Nigre — аинтерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mar Nigre" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="аинтерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Hitam" title="Laut Hitam — аиндонез" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Laut Hitam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="аиндонез" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigri_Mare" title="Nigri Mare — интерлингве" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Nigri Mare" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baybay_Nangisit" title="Baybay Nangisit — аилоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Baybay Nangisit" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="аилоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Ӏаьржа форд — аингәыш" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏаьржа форд" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="аингәыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigra_maro" title="Nigra maro — аидо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nigra maro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="аидо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartahaf" title="Svartahaf — аисланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Svartahaf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="аисланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Nero" title="Mar Nero — аиталиа" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mar Nero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="аиталиа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%92%E6%B5%B7" title="黒海 — аиапон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="黒海" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="аиапон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blak_Sii" title="Blak Sii — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Blak Sii" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xekri_xamsi" title="xekri xamsi — аложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xekri xamsi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="аложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagara_Ireng" title="Sagara Ireng — аиаван" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sagara Ireng" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="аиаван" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="შავი ზღვა — ақырҭ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შავი ზღვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ақырҭ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_te%C5%84iz" title="Qara teńiz — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Qara teńiz" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilel_Aberkan" title="Ilel Aberkan — акабил" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ilel Aberkan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="акабил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8B_%D0%A4%D3%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D3%80%D1%8D" title="Хы ФӀыцӀэ — аҟабарда" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хы ФӀыцӀэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="аҟабарда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%8Bg%CA%8A_K%C9%A9kp%C9%9Bd%CA%8A%CA%8A" title="Teŋgʊ Kɩkpɛdʊʊ — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Teŋgʊ Kɩkpɛdʊʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1dyundyung_Kyai_A%CC%B1sa%CC%B1khwot" title="A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot — атиап" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="атиап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawok_Halom" title="Lawok Halom — Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Lawok Halom" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Қара теңіз — аҟазах" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қара теңіз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="аҟазах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%85" title="សមុទ្រខ្មៅ — акхмер" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សមុទ្រខ្មៅ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="акхмер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಕಪ್ಪು ಸಮುದ್ರ — аканнада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಪ್ಪು ಸಮುದ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="аканнада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9D%91%ED%95%B4" title="흑해 — акореи" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="흑해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="акореи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Къара тенгиз — аҟарач-абалҟар" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къара тенгиз" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="аҟарач-абалҟар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deryaya_Re%C5%9F" title="Deryaya Reş — ақәырд" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Deryaya Reş" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ақәырд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B7" title="Сьӧд саридз — акоми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Сьӧд саридз" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="акоми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_Du" title="Mor Du — акорн" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Mor Du" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="акорн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontus_Euxinus" title="Pontus Euxinus — алаҭын" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pontus Euxinus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="алаҭын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Preta" title="Mar Preta — аладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Mar Preta" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="аладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwaarzt_Mier" title="Schwaarzt Mier — алиуксембург" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schwaarzt Mier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="алиуксембург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%85%D3%80%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="ЛухӀи хьхьири — лакский" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ЛухӀи хьхьири" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="лакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D3%80%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%BB" title="ЧӀулав гьуьл — алезгьын" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="ЧӀулав гьуьл" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="алезгьын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mar Negra" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — аганда" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="аганда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwarte_Zie" title="Zwarte Zie — алимбург" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zwarte Zie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="алимбург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2_Neigro" title="Mâ Neigro — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Mâ Neigro" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_Fosch" title="Mer Fosch — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mer Fosch" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negher" title="Mar Negher — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mar Negher" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B3" title="ທະເລດຳ — алаос" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທະເລດຳ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="алаос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="хорошая статья"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juodoji_j%C5%ABra" title="Juodoji jūra — алитов" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Juodoji jūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="алитов" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meln%C4%81_j%C5%ABra" title="Melnā jūra — алатыш" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Melnā jūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="алатыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="काला सागर — амаитхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="काला सागर" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="амаитхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B6%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Равжа иневедь — амокшан" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Равжа иневедь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="амокшан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranomasina_Mainty" title="Ranomasina Mainty — амалагаси" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ranomasina Mainty" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="амалагаси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%A5%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Шем теҥыз — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шем теҥыз" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Црно Море — амакедон" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Црно Море" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="амакедон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD" title="കരിങ്കടൽ — амалаиалам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കരിങ്കടൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="амалаиалам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Хар тэнгис — амонгол" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хар тэнгис" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="амонгол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="काळा समुद्र — амаратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="काळा समुद्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="амаратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B6" title="Шим тангыж — горномарийский" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шим тангыж" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="горномарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Hitam" title="Laut Hitam — амалаи" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Laut Hitam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="амалаи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C4%A7ar_l-Iswed" title="Baħar l-Iswed — амалти" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Baħar l-Iswed" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="амалти" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro — амиранд" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Mar Negro" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="амиранд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ပင်လယ်နက် — абирман" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပင်လယ်နက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="абирман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سیو دریا — амазандеран" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیو دریا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="амазандеран" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Niro" title="Mar Niro — анеаполитан" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Mar Niro" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="анеаполитан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarte_See" title="Swarte See — ҵаҟатәи агерман" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Swarte See" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ҵаҟатәи агерман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwatte_Zee" title="Zwatte Zee — ҵаҟатәи асаксон" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zwatte Zee" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ҵаҟатәи асаксон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="कृष्ण सागर — анепал" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कृष्ण सागर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="анепал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="कृष्ण सागर — аневар" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कृष्ण सागर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="аневар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwarte_Zee" title="Zwarte Zee — анидерланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwarte Zee" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="анидерланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartehavet" title="Svartehavet — аниунорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Svartehavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="аниунорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartehavet" title="Svartehavet — анорвегтәи абукмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Svartehavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="анорвегтәи абукмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9the_M%C3%A9" title="Néthe Mé — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Néthe Mé" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra — аокситан" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mar Negra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аокситан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustumeri" title="Mustumeri — ливвиковский карельский" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mustumeri" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="ливвиковский карельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Сау денджыз — ауаԥс" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сау денджыз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ауаԥс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਾਲ਼ਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ — апанџаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਲ਼ਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="апанџаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Pretu" title="Laman Pretu — апапиаменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Laman Pretu" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="апапиаменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morze_Czarne" title="Morze Czarne — апол" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Morze Czarne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="апол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_N%C3%A8ir" title="Mar Nèir — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mar Nèir" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%DD%AA%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="کاݪا سمندر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاݪا سمندر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%98%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Μαύρον Θάλασσα — понтийский" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Μαύρον Θάλασσα" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="понтийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="تور سمندر — апушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تور سمندر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="апушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro — апортугал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mar Negro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="апортугал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yana_hatun_qucha" title="Yana hatun qucha — акечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yana hatun qucha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="акечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Naira" title="Mar Naira — ароманш" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mar Naira" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="ароманш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Deryav" title="Kali Deryav — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Kali Deryav" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Neagr%C4%83" title="Marea Neagră — арумын" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marea Neagră" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="арумын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarea_Lae" title="Amarea Lae — аромун" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Amarea Lae" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="аромун" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Gnure" title="Mar Gnure — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Mar Gnure" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Чёрное море — аурыс" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чёрное море" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="аурыс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Чорне море — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Чорне море" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D2%95%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Хара байҕал — асаха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хара байҕал" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="асаха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%AE_%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ — асантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="асантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_Nieddu" title="Mare Nieddu — асардин" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mare Nieddu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="асардин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_N%C3%ACuru" title="Mari Nìuru — асицили" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mari Nìuru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="асицили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — ашотланд" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ашотланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%DA%8A" title="ڪارو سمنڊ — асиндхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪارو سمنڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="асиндхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crno_more" title="Crno more — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Crno more" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Black Sea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cierne_more" title="Čierne more — асловак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čierne more" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="асловак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Crno_morje" title="Črno morje — асловен" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Črno morje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="асловен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhahari_Tema" title="Bhahari Tema — ашона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhahari Tema" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ашона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badda_Madow" title="Badda Madow — асомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Badda Madow" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="асомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deti_i_Zi" title="Deti i Zi — арнауҭ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Deti i Zi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="арнауҭ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Црно море — асерб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Црно море" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="асерб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swotte_See" title="Swotte See — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Swotte See" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svarta_havet" title="Svarta havet — ашвед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svarta havet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ашвед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahari_Nyeusi" title="Bahari Nyeusi — асуахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bahari Nyeusi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="асуахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கருங்கடல் — атамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கருங்கடல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="атамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="నల్ల సముద్రం — ателугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నల్ల సముద్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="ателугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%91%D2%B3" title="Баҳри сиёҳ — аҭаџьык" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Баҳри сиёҳ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="аҭаџьык" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B3" title="ทะเลดำ — атаи" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทะเลดำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="атаи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gara_de%C5%88iz" title="Gara deňiz — атуркмен" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gara deňiz" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="атуркмен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Itim" title="Dagat Itim — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dagat Itim" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sijo_dyjo" title="Sijo dyjo — талышский" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sijo dyjo" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="талышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karadeniz" title="Karadeniz — аҭырқә" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karadeniz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="аҭырқә" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lwandle_ra_Ntima" title="Lwandle ra Ntima — атсонга" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Lwandle ra Ntima" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="атсонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Кара диңгез — аҭаҭар" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кара диңгез" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="аҭаҭар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Сьӧд зарезь — аудмурт" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сьӧд зарезь" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="аудмурт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%DB%90%DA%AD%D9%89%D8%B2" title="قارا دېڭىز — ауигур" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قارا دېڭىز" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ауигур" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Чорне море — аукраин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чорне море" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="аукраин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF" title="بحیرہ اسود — аурду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بحیرہ اسود" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="аурду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qora_dengiz" title="Qora dengiz — аузбек" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qora dengiz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="аузбек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mar Negro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustmeri" title="Mustmeri — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mustmeri" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_%C4%90en" title="Biển Đen — авиетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biển Đen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="авиетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwarte_Z%C3%AAe" title="Zwarte Zêe — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zwarte Zêe" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C3%A4gamel" title="Blägamel — аволапиук" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Blägamel" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="аволапиук" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noere_Mer" title="Noere Mer — аваллон" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Noere Mer" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="аваллон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itom_nga_Dagat" title="Itom nga Dagat — авараи" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Itom nga Dagat" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="авараи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海 — аву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="黑海" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="аву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulwandle_olumnyama" title="Ulwandle olumnyama — акоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ulwandle olumnyama" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="акоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="უჩა ზუღა — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უჩა ზუღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%99%D7%9D" title="שווארצער ים — аидиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שווארצער ים" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="аидиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92kun_D%C3%BAd%C3%BA" title="Òkun Dúdú — аиоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Òkun Dúdú" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="аиоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haijhaek" title="Haijhaek — чжуань" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Haijhaek" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海 — акитаи" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黑海" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="акитаи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="黑海" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CD%98-h%C3%A1i" title="O͘-hái — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="O͘-hái" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海 — акантон" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="黑海" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="акантон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q166#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Править ссылки на другие языки" class="wbc-editpage">Азхьарԥшқәа рредакциазура</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Хьыӡҳәалатәи аҭыԥқәа"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Просмотреть контентную страницу [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Адаҟьа</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D1%86%D3%99%D0%B0%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Обсуждение основной страницы (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Ахцәажәара</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изменить вариант языка" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">аԥсшәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Аарԥшрақәа"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0"><span>Аԥхьара</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Аредакциазура</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Акод аредакциазура</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=history" title="Журнал изменений страницы [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Аҭоурых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Амаругақәа" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Амаругақәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больше возможностей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0"><span>Аԥхьара</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Аредакциазура</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Акод аредакциазура</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=history"><span>Аҭоурых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Общие </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список всех страниц, ссылающихся на данную [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Арахьтәи азхьарԥшқәа</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" rel="nofollow" title="Последние изменения в страницах, на которые ссылается эта страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Еимадоу ариашарақәа</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ab" title="Афаилқәа аҭагалара [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Афаил аҭагалара</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список служебных страниц [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Испециалу адаҟьа</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&oldid=148143" title="Постоянная ссылка на эту версию страницы"><span>Еисымшатәи ахьарԥш</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=info" title="Подробнее об этой странице"><span>Адаҟьа адырра</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&id=148143&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация о том, как цитировать эту страницу"><span>Ари адаҟьа ацитата аагоит</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fab.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D1%2588%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B8%25D2%259B%25D3%2599%25D0%25B0"><span>Получить короткий URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fab.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D1%2588%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B8%25D2%259B%25D3%2599%25D0%25B0"><span>Скачать QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Акьыԥхь/аекспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0"><span>Создать книгу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF еиԥш ахҩылаара</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Версия этой страницы для печати [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Акьыԥхьразы аверсиа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В других проектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_-_%D0%A7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_-_Karadeniz_-_Marea_Neagr%C4%83" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q166" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викиданныетәи аелемент</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Внешний вид</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Аматериал Авикипедиа аҟынтә - зхы иақәиҭу аенциклопедиа</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ab" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB:Black-Sea-NASA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg/250px-Black-Sea-NASA.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg/375px-Black-Sea-NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg/500px-Black-Sea-NASA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1079" data-file-height="758" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=NASA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NASA (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">NASA</a> рфотоҭыхымҭа акосмос аҟнытә</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Амшын Еиқәа</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атлантикатә амшынду (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Атлантикатә амшынду</a> бассеин аҩныҵҟатәи амшыноуп. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Босфор (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Босфор</a> аӡыбжьындала уи еидылоит Амармал мшын, анаҩс Дарданеллақәа аӡыбжьындала еидылоит Егеитәи Адгьылбжьаратәи амшынқәа. Кьерч аӡыбжьындала еидылоит Азовтәи амшын. Аҩадантәи иҵауланы иалалоит амшын ахь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Крымтәи адгьылбжьахабжа (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Крымтәи адгьылбжьахабжа</a>. Европеи Азиеи аӡытәи рҳәаа иахысуеит Амшын Еиқәа иалсны. жьҭаарамза 31 Амшын Еиқәа амш. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB:Noviy_Afon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Noviy_Afon.jpg/250px-Noviy_Afon.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Noviy_Afon.jpg/375px-Noviy_Afon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Noviy_Afon.jpg/500px-Noviy_Afon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4310" data-file-height="2424" /></a><figcaption>Симон Кананит иберҭыԥ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Амшын Еиқәа</a> ақәыԥшыларалаҿы</figcaption></figure> <p>Амшын Еиқәа ақәӡара аҵанакоит 422 000 км². Иара аҿыкәыршала еиԥшуп ииашам аформа змоу аихагежь еиҳа иахьыҭбаау 1150 км хьыҟоу. Еиҳаӡоу аҵаулара иамоуп 2210 м. </p><p>Амшын аԥшаҳәа ишьҭоуп быжь-ҳәынҭқаррак: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Урыстәыла">Урыстәыла</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина">Украина</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Болгариа">Болгариа</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%AC%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%9B%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Ҭырқтәыла">Ҭырқтәыла</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%AD%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Қырҭтәыла">Қырҭтәыла</a>. </p><p>Амшын Еиқәа ӷәӷәала иҟьашьуеит иара иалало аӡқәа иаларгало ааглырхатә пестидицқәеи, азотқәеи, афосфорқәеи ирыхҟьаны.Азоти афтори рыбзоурала амикроорганизмқәеи аӡҵиаақәеи ироуеит афатә, уи реизҳараҿы иацхраауеит, аха нас ибаауеит аӡы аҵаҿы, аӡы акисларод зегьы алцәцәааны. Акисларод азымхара иахҟьаны иԥсуеит хыԥхьаӡара рацәала аԥсыӡқәа, амоллиускқәа, адыӷаҷиақәа. Иахьа 40% рҟынӡа амшынеиқәа иҭоу зегьы аныӡаара ахықә ихәгылоуп Урҭ ашәарҭара иҭазыргыло иреиуоуп иара убас аӷбақәа, анышьқәа, ашхәақәа. Дара еиладырҩынтуа алыкь аӡы иханагалоит, уи шыхәашьу аҳәарԥсарратә зонақәа рҟынӡагьы инаӡоит. Амшын аҽрыцқьара иахьӡаӡом, уи зегьы аекосистемазы иԥырхагоуп. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Алитература"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Алитература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Ари ашара ариашара: Алитература" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>аредакциазура</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Алитература»"><span>акод аредакциазура</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Виноградов К. А. Очерки по истории отечественных гидробиологических исследований на Чёрном море. — Киев: Изд-во АН УССР, 1958.</li> <li>Виноградов К. А. Ихтиофауна северо-западной части Чёрного моря. — К., 1960.</li> <li>Васильева Е. Д. Рыбы Чёрного моря. Определитель морских, солоноватоводных, эвригалинных и проходных видов с цветными иллюстрациями, собранными С. В. Богородским. — М.: ВНИРО, 2007. — 238 с. — 200 экз. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/9785853823471" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-5-85382-347-1</a>.</li> <li>Заика В. Е. Черноморские рыбы и летопись их промысла. — Севастополь, 2008.</li> <li>Агбунов М. В. Античная лоция Чёрного моря. — М.:Наука, 1987. — 156 с.</li> <li>Сорокин Ю. И. Чёрное море: Природа, ресурсы. — М.:Наука, 1982. — 217 с.</li> <li>Филиппов Д. М. Циркуляция и структура вод Чёрного моря. — М.: Наука, 1968. — 136 с.</li> <li>Кузьминская Г. Г. Чёрное море. — Краснодар: Кн. изд-во, 1972. — 92 с.</li> <li>Степанов В., Андреев В. Чёрное море. — Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1981. — 160 с.</li> <li>Зайцев Ю. П., Поликарпов Г. Г. Экологические процессы в критических зонах Чёрного моря (синтез результатов двух направлений исследований с середины XX до начала XXI веков) // Мор. екол. журн. — 2002. — 1, N 1. — С. 33-55</li> <li>Иванов М. В., Вайнштейн М. В., Гальченко М. Ф. и др. Распределение и геохимическая активность бактерий в осадках // Изучение генезиса нефти и газа в Болгарском секторе Чёрного моря. София, 1984. С. 150—181.</li> <li>Биркун А. А. мл., Кривохижин С. В. Звери Чёрного Моря. — Симферополь: Таврия, 1996. — 96 с. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/5778007736" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-7780-0773-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ахьарԥшқәа"><span id=".D0.90.D1.85.D1.8C.D0.B0.D1.80.D4.A5.D1.88.D2.9B.D3.99.D0.B0"></span>Ахьарԥшқәа</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Ари ашара ариашара: Ахьарԥшқәа" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>аредакциазура</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Ахьарԥшқәа»"><span>акод аредакциазура</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r124230">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%B8%D4%A5%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D3%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Владимир Арушан-иԥа Касланӡиа (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Касланӡиа В. А.</a> (аред. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8C-%D0%B8%D4%A5%D0%B0_%D0%8F%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Борис Гьаргь-иԥа Џьонуа (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Џьонуа Б. Гь.</a>), «Аԥсуа-аурыс жәар», <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D2%AD%D2%B5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аԥсны аҭҵаарадыррақәа ракадемиа (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Аԥсны аҭҵаарадыррақәа ракадемиа</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94._%D0%93%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%8C%D3%A1_%D0%B7%D1%85%D1%83_%D0%90%D4%A5%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B0%D2%AD%D2%B5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Д. Гәлиа ихьӡ зху Аԥсуаҭҵааратә институт (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Д. Гәлиа ихьӡ зху Аԥсуаҭҵааратә институт</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%90%D2%B3%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BD%D2%AD%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аԥснытәи Аҳәынҭқарратә Университет (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Аԥснытәи Аҳәынҭқарратә Университет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9F%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Аҟәа">Аҟәа</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r121848">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r126756">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r126996">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Авторитет_змоу_адыррақәа_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Урҭ_Авикидыррақәа_рахь_аредакциазура&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Урҭ_Авикидыррақәа_рахь_аредакциазура" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Авторитет_змоу_адыррақәа_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Урҭ_Авикидыррақәа_рахь_аредакциазура&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Урҭ_Авикидыррақәа_рахь_аредакциазура" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Авторитет змоу адыррақәа (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам)">Авторитет змоу адыррақәа</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166#identifiers" title="Урҭ Авикидыррақәа рахь аредакциазура"><img alt="Урҭ Авикидыррақәа рахь аредакциазура" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ажәларбжьаратә</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1242937/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1145541703796601641">VIAF</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Амилаҭтә</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5418016">Испаниа</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11956313h">Франциа</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11956313h">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4053794-8">Германиа</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007283261305171">Израиль</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85014616">ЕАА</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqsszfx3jbzn0v">Швециа</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Černé moře"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge131676&CON_LNG=ENG">Чехиа</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000348178&local_base=nsk10">Хорватиа</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=497/2298">Ватикан</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Агеографиатә</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/1224">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Егьырҭ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\B\L\BlackSea">Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046296">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027545652">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7f58d5dcf5‐lfz52 Cached time: 20241110014314 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.200 seconds Real time usage: 0.299 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 273/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12102/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 341/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 17/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6058/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.149/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1607000/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 263.550 1 -total 85.78% 226.082 1 Ашаблон:Авторитет_змоу_адыррақәа 14.18% 37.376 1 Ашаблон:Reflist 2.56% 6.737 1 Ашаблон:Yesno-no 2.09% 5.518 2 Ашаблон:Main_other 1.36% 3.580 1 Ашаблон:Yesno-yes 1.35% 3.551 2 Ашаблон:Yesno 1.11% 2.932 1 Ашаблон:Аԥсуа-аурыс_жәар_(2005) --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key abwiki:pcache:idhash:3532-0!canonical and timestamp 20241110014314 and revision id 148143. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ахыҵхырҭа – <a dir="ltr" href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Амшын_Еиқәа&oldid=148143">https://ab.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Амшын_Еиқәа&oldid=148143</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Цастәи:Акатегориақәа">Акатегориақәа</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:Амшын Еиқәа">Амшын Еиқәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:Амшынқәа">Амшынқәа</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ицәыргам акатегориақәа: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:FAST_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:FAST аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">FAST аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:VIAF_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:VIAF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">VIAF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:BNE_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:BNE аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">BNE аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:BNF_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:BNF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">BNF аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:BNFdata_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:BNFdata аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">BNFdata аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:GND_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:GND аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">GND аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:J9U_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:J9U аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">J9U аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:LCCN_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:LCCN аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">LCCN аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Libris_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:Libris аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">Libris аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:NKC_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:NKC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">NKC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:NSK_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:NSK аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">NSK аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:VcBA_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:VcBA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">VcBA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Pleiades_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:Pleiades аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">Pleiades аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:IEU_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:IEU аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">IEU аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:NARA_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:NARA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">NARA аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:SUDOC_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:SUDOC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа">SUDOC аиԥшрагәаҭагақәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:ISBN_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%B7%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D4%A5%D1%88%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Акатегориа:ISBN анашанатә зхьарԥшқәа рдаҟьақәа">ISBN анашанатә зхьарԥшқәа рдаҟьақәа</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ацыхәтәантәи аԥсахрақәа абри адаҟьа аҟны: 21:43, 13 жьҭаарамза 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Атекст ахьыманшәалоу <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike алицензиала</a> иҟоуп; ахарҭәааратә ԥҟарақәа рылша рныруеит. Шәахә. Инарҭбааны шәахә. убас <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Ахархәаразы аԥҟарақәа</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Аконфиденциалтә аполитика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D1%85%D2%B3%D3%99%D0%B0%D0%B0">Авикипедиа иазкны</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B8%D4%A5%D1%88_%D0%B0%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D4%A5%D1%85%D1%8B%D2%9B%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0">Аҭакԥхықәра мап ацәкра</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс поведения</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Аҭҵааҩцәа</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ab.wikipedia.org">Астатистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Кукиз аҳәара</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ab.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Амобилтә версиа</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-795c86c559-s5brc","wgBackendResponseTime":269,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.200","walltime":"0.299","ppvisitednodes":{"value":273,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":12102,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":341,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":17,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":6058,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 263.550 1 -total"," 85.78% 226.082 1 Ашаблон:Авторитет_змоу_адыррақәа"," 14.18% 37.376 1 Ашаблон:Reflist"," 2.56% 6.737 1 Ашаблон:Yesno-no"," 2.09% 5.518 2 Ашаблон:Main_other"," 1.36% 3.580 1 Ашаблон:Yesno-yes"," 1.35% 3.551 2 Ашаблон:Yesno"," 1.11% 2.932 1 Ашаблон:Аԥсуа-аурыс_жәар_(2005)"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.149","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1607000,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7f58d5dcf5-lfz52","timestamp":"20241110014314","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0410\u043c\u0448\u044b\u043d \u0415\u0438\u049b\u04d9\u0430","url":"https:\/\/ab.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B8%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q166","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q166","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-05-16T18:02:16Z","dateModified":"2024-10-13T21:43:53Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/48\/Black-Sea-NASA.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>