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Saverio Mercadante - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_to_Italy,_1831" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_to_Italy,_1831"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Return to Italy, 1831</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Return_to_Italy,_1831-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Later works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Саверио Меркаданте – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Саверио Меркаданте" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5" title="Σαβέριο Μερκαντάντε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαβέριο Μερκαντάντε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%B2%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4%EC%82%AC%EB%8B%A8%ED%85%8C" title="사베리오 메르사단테 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사베리오 메르사단테" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%94" title="סבריו מרקאדנטה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סבריו מרקאדנטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaverius_Mercadante" title="Xaverius Mercadante – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Xaverius Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ساڤيريو ميركادانت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساڤيريو ميركادانت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86" title="サヴェリオ・メルカダンテ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サヴェリオ・メルカダンテ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Меркаданте, Саверио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меркаданте, Саверио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saverio Mercadante" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saverio_Mercadante_by_Cefaly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Saverio_Mercadante_by_Cefaly.jpg/220px-Saverio_Mercadante_by_Cefaly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/be/Saverio_Mercadante_by_Cefaly.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>Saverio Mercadante, portrait by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Cefaly&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Cefaly (page does not exist)">Andrea Cefaly</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;">&#160;&#91;<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Cefaly" class="extiw" title="it:Andrea Cefaly">it</a>&#93;</span></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Giuseppe Saverio Raffaele Mercadante</b> (baptised 17 September 1795&#160;&#8211;&#32;17 December 1870) was an Italian composer, particularly of operas. While Mercadante may not have retained the international celebrity of <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Gaetano Donizetti</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a> beyond his own lifetime, he composed as prolifically as either and his development of operatic structures, melodic styles and orchestration contributed significantly to the foundations upon which <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a> built his dramatic technique. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mercadante was born illegitimate in <a href="/wiki/Altamura" title="Altamura">Altamura</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Bari" title="Bari">Bari</a> in <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>; his precise date of birth has not been recorded, but he was baptised on 17 September 1795.<sup id="cite_ref-zucker_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zucker-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mercadante studied flute, violin and composition at the conservatory in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, and organized concerts among his compatriots.<sup id="cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCAFluteConcertos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The opera composer <a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a> said to the conservatory Director, <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Antonio_Zingarelli" title="Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli">Niccolo Zingarelli</a>, "My compliments, Maestro – your young pupil Mercadante begins where we finish".<sup id="cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCAFluteConcertos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1817 he was made conductor of the college orchestra, composing a number of symphonies, and concertos for various instruments – including six for flute about 1818–1819, and whose autograph scores are in the Naples conservatory, where they were presumably first performed with him as soloist.<sup id="cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCAFluteConcertos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg/220px-Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg/330px-Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg/440px-Saverio_Mercadante_-_birthplace_and_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Mercadante's birthplace and house located on the street <i>corso Federico II di Svevia</i>, <a href="/wiki/Altamura" title="Altamura">Altamura</a> (the plaque dates back to Italy's <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist period</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The encouragement of Rossini led him to compose for the opera, where he won considerable success with his second such work (<i>Violenza e Constanza</i>), in 1820. His next three operas are more or less forgotten, but an abridged recording of <i>Maria Stuarda, Regina di Scozia</i> was issued by <a href="/wiki/Opera_Rara" title="Opera Rara">Opera Rara</a> in 2006. His next opera <i>Elisa e Claudio</i> was a huge success, and had occasional revivals in the 20th century, most recently by <a href="/wiki/Wexford_Festival_Opera" title="Wexford Festival Opera">Wexford Festival Opera</a> in 1988. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mercadante-young.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Mercadante-young.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="226" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="226" /></a><figcaption>Mercadante</figcaption></figure> <p>He worked for a time in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, in <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, but re-established himself in Italy in 1831. He was invited by Rossini to Paris in 1836, where he composed <i>I Briganti</i> for four of the best-known singers of the time, <a href="/wiki/Giulia_Grisi" title="Giulia Grisi">Giulia Grisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Rubini" title="Giovanni Battista Rubini">Giovanni Battista Rubini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tamburini" title="Antonio Tamburini">Antonio Tamburini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Lablache" title="Luigi Lablache">Luigi Lablache</a>, all of whom worked closely with <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a>. While there, he had the opportunity to hear operas by <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a>, which imparted a strong influence on him, especially the latter's <i><a href="/wiki/La_Juive" title="La Juive">La Juive</a></i>. This influence took the form of greater stress on the dramatic side. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Return_to_Italy,_1831"><span id="Return_to_Italy.2C_1831"></span>Return to Italy, 1831</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Return to Italy, 1831"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Mercadante returned to Italy after living in Spain and Portugal, Donizetti's music reigned supreme in Naples,<sup id="cite_ref-Couling_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Couling-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> an ascendancy which did not end until censorship problems with the latter's <i><a href="/wiki/Poliuto" title="Poliuto">Poliuto</a></i> caused a final break. But Mercadante's style began to shift with the presentation of <i>I Normanni a Parigi</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Regio_di_Torino" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro Regio di Torino">Teatro Regio</a> in Turin in 1832: "It was with this score that Mercadante entered on the process of development in his musical dramaturgy which, in some aspects, actually presaged the arrival of Verdi, when he launched, from 1837 on, into master works of his artistic maturity: the so-called "reform operas".<sup id="cite_ref-Couling_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Couling-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The beginnings of the so-called "reform movement", of which Mercadante was part, arose from the publication of a manifesto by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Giuseppe Mazzini</a> which he wrote in 1836, the <i>Filosofia della musica</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Blaha_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blaha-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the period after 1831 he composed some of his most important works. These included <i><a href="/wiki/Il_giuramento" title="Il giuramento">Il giuramento</a></i> which was premiered at <a href="/wiki/La_Scala" title="La Scala">La Scala</a> to 11 march 1837. One striking and innovative characteristic of this opera has been noted: </p> <blockquote><p>..it marks the first successful attempt in an Italian opera premiered in Italy of depriving the prima donna, or some other star singer, of her until-then inalienable right of having the stage to herself at the end. By doing this, Mercadante sounded what was to be the death knell of the age of bel canto.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaufman_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaufman-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Early in following year, while composing <i><a href="/wiki/Elena_da_Feltre" title="Elena da Feltre">Elena da Feltre</a></i> (which premiered in January 1839), Mercadante wrote to <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Florimo" title="Francesco Florimo">Francesco Florimo</a>, laying out his ideas about how opera should be structured, following the "revolution" begun in his previous opera: </p> <blockquote><p>I have continued the revolution I began in <i>Il giuramento</i>: varied forms, cabalettas banished, crescendos out, vocal lines simplified, fewer repeats, more originality in the cadences, proper regard paid to the drama, orchestration rich but not so as to swamp the voices, no long solos in the ensembles (they only force the other parts to stand idle to the detriment of the action), not much bass drum, and a lot less brass band.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaufman_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaufman-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>Elena da Feltre</i> followed; one critic found much to praise in it: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>A work of harmonic daring, subtlety and originally orchestrated, it suddenly makes sense of oft quoted comparisons between Mercadante and Verdi. It has the overall coherence one looks for and finds in middle and late Verdi – a surprising anticipation, for <i>Elena da Feltre</i> dates from 1838, the year before Verdi's first opera<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>These temporarily put him in the forefront of composers then active in Italy, although he was soon passed by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pacini" title="Giovanni Pacini">Giovanni Pacini</a> with <i><a href="/wiki/Saffo_(opera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saffo (opera)">Saffo</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a> with several operas, especially <i>Ernani</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_works">Later works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Later works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg/220px-Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg/330px-Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Saverio_Mercadante_by_F._Garibotti_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_ICON010747_B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="415" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of Saverio Mercadante, composer (1836-1870).</figcaption></figure> <p>Some of Mercadante's later works, especially <i><a href="/wiki/Orazi_e_Curiazi" title="Orazi e Curiazi">Orazi e Curiazi</a></i>, were also quite successful. Many performances of his operas were given throughout the 19th century and it has been noted that some of them received far more than those of Verdi's early operas over the same period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout his life he generated more instrumental works than most of his contemporary composers of operas due to his lifelong preoccupation with <a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">orchestration</a>, and, from 1840, his position as the Director of the Naples conservatory for the last thirty years of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCAFluteConcertos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> From 1863 he was almost totally blind and dictated all his compositions.<sup id="cite_ref-zucker_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zucker-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the decades after his death in Naples in 1870, his output was largely forgotten, but it has been occasionally revived and recorded since World War II, although it has yet to achieve anything like the present-day popularity of the most famous compositions by his slightly younger contemporaries: see <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti#Donizetti&#39;s_compositions" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti's compositions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini#Complete_works_of_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini's compositions</a>. </p><p>The French soloist <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a> notably recorded several Mercadante concertos for flute and string orchestra,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> including the grand and romantic E minor concerto, which has since gained some popularity among concert flautists. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not all the concertos are for string orchestra. Some are for larger ensembles. The Concerto in E minor, is, however, for flute and strings.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operas">Operas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Operas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Operas by Saverio Mercadante </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Title </th> <th rowspan="2">Genre </th> <th rowspan="2">Acts </th> <th rowspan="2">Libretto </th> <th colspan="2">Premiere </th> <th rowspan="2">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Venue </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="apoteosi" style="display:none;"></span><i>L'apoteosi d'Ercole</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="schmidt" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Schmidt" title="Giovanni Schmidt">Giovanni Schmidt</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18190819" style="display:none;"></span>19 August 1819</td> <td>Naples, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_San_Carlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro San Carlo">Teatro San Carlo</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="violenza" style="display:none;"></span><i>Violenza e costanza, ossia I falsi monetari</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="tottola" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leone_Tottola" title="Andrea Leone Tottola">Andrea Leone Tottola</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18200119" style="display:none;"></span>19 January 1820</td> <td>Naples, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teatro_Nuovo_(Napoli)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teatro Nuovo (Napoli) (page does not exist)">Teatro Nuovo</a></td> <td>Revised as: <i>Il castello dei spiriti</i>: Lisbon, 14 March 1825 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="anacreonte" style="display:none;"></span><i>Anacreonte in Samo</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="schmidt" style="display:none;"></span>Giovanni Schmidt</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18200801" style="display:none;"></span>1 August 1820</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i>Anacréon chez Polycrate</i> by Jean Henri Guy. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="geloso" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il geloso ravveduto</i></td> <td>melodramma buffo</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="signorini" style="display:none;"></span>Bartolomeo Signorini</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18201000" style="display:none;"></span>October 1820</td> <td>Rome, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Valle" title="Teatro Valle">Teatro Valle</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="scipione" style="display:none;"></span><i>Scipione in Cartagine</i></td> <td>melodramma serio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="ferretti" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Jacopo_Ferretti" title="Jacopo Ferretti">Jacopo Ferretti</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18201226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1820</td> <td>Rome, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Argentina" title="Teatro Argentina">Teatro Argentina</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="maria" style="display:none;"></span><i>Maria Stuarda, regina di Scozia</i></td> <td>dramma serio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="rossi" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Rossi" title="Gaetano Rossi">Gaetano Rossi</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18210529" style="display:none;"></span>29 May 1821</td> <td>Bologna, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Comunale_di_Bologna" title="Teatro Comunale di Bologna">Teatro Comunale</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="elisa" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Elisa_e_Claudio" title="Elisa e Claudio">Elisa e Claudio, ossia L'amore protetto dall'amicizia</a></i></td> <td>melodramma semiserio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romanelli" style="display:none;"></span>Luigi Romanelli</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18211030" style="display:none;"></span>30 October 1821</td> <td>Milan, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_alla_Scala" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro alla Scala">Teatro alla Scala</a></td> <td>Based on <i>Rosella, ossia Amore e crudeltà</i> by Filippo Casari </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="andronico" style="display:none;"></span><i>Andronico</i></td> <td>melodramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="kreglianovic" style="display:none;"></span>Giovanni Kreglianovich</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18211226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1821</td> <td>Venice, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_La_Fenice" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro La Fenice">Teatro La Fenice</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="adele" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il posto abbandonato, ossia Adele ed Emerico</i></td> <td>melodramma semiserio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Felice_Romani" title="Felice Romani">Felice Romani</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18220921" style="display:none;"></span><span class="nowrap">21 September 1822</span></td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="amleto" style="display:none;"></span><i>Amleto</i></td> <td>melodramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18221226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1822</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> play <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="alfonso" style="display:none;"></span><i>Alfonso ed Elisa</i></td> <td>melodramma serio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18221226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1822</td> <td>Mantua, Teatro Nuovo</td> <td>Based on <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filippo_(Alfieri)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Filippo (Alfieri) (page does not exist)">Filippo</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Alfieri</a>; Revised as <i>Aminta ed Argira</i> for <a href="/wiki/Reggio_Emilia" title="Reggio Emilia">Reggio Emilia</a>, Teatro Pubblico, 23 April 1823 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="didone" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Mercadante)" title="Didone abbandonata (Mercadante)">Didone abbandonata</a></i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="tottola" style="display:none;"></span>Andrea Leone Tottola</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18230118" style="display:none;"></span>18 January 1823</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td>Based on Metastasio </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="sciti" style="display:none;"></span><i>Gli sciti</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="tottola" style="display:none;"></span>Andrea Leone Tottola</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18230318" style="display:none;"></span>18 March 1823</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i>Les scythes</i> by <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="costanzo" style="display:none;"></span><i>Costanzo ed Almeriska</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="tottola" style="display:none;"></span>Andrea Leone Tottola</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18231122" style="display:none;"></span>22 November 1823</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="amici" style="display:none;"></span><i>Gli amici di Siracusa</i></td> <td>melodramma eroico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="ferretti" style="display:none;"></span>Jacopo Ferretti</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18240207" style="display:none;"></span>7 February 1824</td> <td>Rome, <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Argentina" title="Teatro Argentina">Teatro Argentina</a></td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="doralice" style="display:none;"></span><i>Doralice</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18240918" style="display:none;"></span>18 September 1824</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theater_am_K%C3%A4rntnertor" title="Theater am Kärntnertor">Kärntnertortheater</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="nozze" style="display:none;"></span><i>Le nozze di Telemaco ed Antiope</i></td> <td>azione lirica</td> <td>7 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="bassi" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Calisto_Bassi" title="Calisto Bassi">Calisto Bassi</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18241105" style="display:none;"></span>5 November 1824</td> <td>Vienna, Kärntnertortheater</td> <td>Pastice, with music by other composers. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="podesta" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il podestà di Burgos, ossia Il signore del villaggio</i></td> <td>melodramma giocoso</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="bassi" style="display:none;"></span>Calisto Bassi</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18241120" style="display:none;"></span>20 November 1824</td> <td>Vienna, Kärntnertortheater</td> <td>Under the title of <i>Il signore del villaggio</i> given in Naples at Teatro del Fondo on 28 maggio 1825 (in Neapolitan dialect); Titled <i>Eduardo ed Angelica</i>, given in Naples at the Teatro del Fondo in 1828. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="nitocri" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Nitocri" title="Nitocri">Nitocri</a></i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="piossasco" style="display:none;"></span>Lodovico Piossasco Feys</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18241226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1824</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td>With recitatives by <a href="/wiki/Apostolo_Zeno" title="Apostolo Zeno">Apostolo Zeno</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="ipermestra" style="display:none;"></span><i>Ipermestra</i></td> <td>dramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="ricciuti" style="display:none;"></span>Luigi Ricciuti</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18251229" style="display:none;"></span>29 December 1825</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/Eschilo" class="mw-redirect" title="Eschilo">Eschilo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="erode" style="display:none;"></span><i>Erode, ossia Marianna</i></td> <td>dramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="ricciuti" style="display:none;"></span>Luigi Ricciuti</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18241212" style="display:none;"></span>12 December 1824</td> <td>Venice, Teatro La Fenice</td> <td>Based on Voltaire </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="caritea" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Caritea,_regina_di_Spagna" title="Caritea, regina di Spagna">Caritea regina di Spagna, ossia La morte di Don Alfonso re di Portogallo</a></i><br />(<i>Donna Caritea</i>)</td> <td>melodramma serio</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="pola" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paolo_Pola&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paolo Pola (page does not exist)">Paolo Pola</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18260221" style="display:none;"></span>21 February 1826</td> <td>Venice, Teatro La Fenice</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="ezio" style="display:none;"></span><i>Ezio</i></td> <td>dramma per musica</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="metastasio" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Metastasio" title="Pietro Metastasio">Pietro Metastasio</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18270202" style="display:none;"></span>2 February 1827</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="montanaro" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il montanaro</i></td> <td>melodramma comico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18270416" style="display:none;"></span>16 April 1827</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/August_Lafontaine" title="August Lafontaine">August Lafontaine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="testa" style="display:none;"></span><i>La testa di bronzo, ossia La capanna solitaria</i></td> <td>melodramma eroicomico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18271203" style="display:none;"></span>3 December 1827</td> <td>Lisbon, Teatro privato dei Baroni Quintella a Laranjeiras</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="adriano" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Adriano_in_Siria" title="Adriano in Siria">Adriano in Siria</a></i></td> <td>dramma eroico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="metastasio" style="display:none;"></span>Pietro Metastasio</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18280224" style="display:none;"></span>24 February 1828</td> <td>Lisbon, Teatro de São Carlos</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="gabriella" style="display:none;"></span><i>Gabriella di Vergy</i></td> <td>dramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="profumo" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Profumo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Profumo (page does not exist)">Antonio Profumo</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18280808" style="display:none;"></span>8 August 1828</td> <td>Lisbon, Teatro de São Carlos</td> <td>Based on <i>Gabrielle de Vergy</i> by <a href="/wiki/Dormont_de_Belloy" title="Dormont de Belloy">Dormont de Belloy</a>; Revised with a text by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Emanuele_Bidera" title="Giovanni Emanuele Bidera">Emanuele Bidera</a> for Genoa, Teatro Carlo Felice, 16 June 1832 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="rappresaglia" style="display:none;"></span><i>La rappresaglia</i></td> <td>melodramma buffo</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="sterbini" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Sterbini" title="Cesare Sterbini">Cesare Sterbini</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18290221" style="display:none;"></span>21 February 1829</td> <td>Cadiz, Teatro Principal</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="donchisciotte" style="display:none;"></span><i>Don Chisciotte alle nozze di Gamaccio</i></td> <td>melodramma giocoso</td> <td>1 atto</td> <td><span data-sort-value="ferrero" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefano_Ferrero&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefano Ferrero (page does not exist)">Stefano Ferrero</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18300210" style="display:none;"></span>10 February 1830</td> <td>Cadiz, Teatro Principal</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="francesca" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_(Mercadante)" title="Francesca da Rimini (Mercadante)">Francesca da Rimini</a></i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18310000" style="display:none;"></span>1831</td> <td></td> <td>Composed for Madrid but probably not performed there. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="zaira" style="display:none;"></span><i>Zaira</i></td> <td>melodramma tragico</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18310831" style="display:none;"></span>31 August 1831</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on Voltaire </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="normanni" style="display:none;"></span><i>I normanni a Parigi</i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18320207" style="display:none;"></span>7 February 1832</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="ismalia" style="display:none;"></span><i>Ismalia, ossia Amore e morte</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18321027" style="display:none;"></span>27 October 1832</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="conte" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il conte di Essex</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18330310" style="display:none;"></span>10 March 1833</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="emma" style="display:none;"></span><i>Emma d'Antiochia</i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18340308" style="display:none;"></span>8 March 1834</td> <td>Venice, Teatro La Fenice</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="uggero" style="display:none;"></span><i>Uggero il danese</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18340811" style="display:none;"></span>11 August 1834</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a>, Teatro Riccardi</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="gioventu" style="display:none;"></span><i>La gioventù di Enrico V</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18341125" style="display:none;"></span>25 November 1834</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>In part based on Shakespeare </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="duefigaro" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/I_due_Figaro_(Mercadante)" title="I due Figaro (Mercadante)">I due Figaro</a></i></td> <td>melodramma buffo</td> <td>2 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18350126" style="display:none;"></span>26 January 1835</td> <td>Madrid, Teatro Principe</td> <td>Based on <i>Les deux Figaro</i> by <a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9-Antoine_Richaud_Martelly" title="Honoré-Antoine Richaud Martelly">Honoré-Antoine Richaud Martelly</a>; Composed in 1826. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="francesca" style="display:none;"></span><i>Francesca Donato, ossia Corinto distrutta</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18350214" style="display:none;"></span>14 February 1835</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/Byron" class="mw-redirect" title="Byron">Byron</a>; Revised by Salvatore Cammarano for the Teatro San Carlo, Naples, 5 January 1845. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="briganti" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/I_briganti_(Mercadante)" title="I briganti (Mercadante)">I briganti</a></i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="crescini" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacopo_Crescini&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacopo Crescini (page does not exist)">Jacopo Crescini</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18360322" style="display:none;"></span>22 March 1836</td> <td>Paris, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre-Italien" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre-Italien">Théâtre-Italien</a></td> <td>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Robbers" title="The Robbers">Die Räuber</a></i> by Schiller; Revised for Milan's Teatro alla Scala, 6 November 1837. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="giuramento" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Il_giuramento" title="Il giuramento">Il giuramento</a></i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="rossi" style="display:none;"></span>Gaetano Rossi</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18370311" style="display:none;"></span>11 March 1837</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>Under the title of <i>Amore e dovere</i> given in Rome in 1839. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="dueilustri" style="display:none;"></span><i>Le due illustri rivali</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="rossi" style="display:none;"></span>Gaetano Rossi</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18380310" style="display:none;"></span>10 March 1838</td> <td>Venice, Teatro La Fenice</td> <td>Revised for the Teatro alla Scala, 26 December 1839. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="elena" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Elena_da_Feltre" title="Elena da Feltre">Elena da Feltre</a></i></td> <td>dramma tragico</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Cammarano" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvatore Cammarano">Salvatore Cammarano</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18390101" style="display:none;"></span>1 January 1839</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Completed in the autumn of 1837. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="bravo" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Il_bravo" title="Il bravo">Il bravo</a>, ossia La veneziana</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="rossi" style="display:none;"></span>Gaetano Rossi</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18390309" style="display:none;"></span>9 March 1839</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>Based on <i>La vénitienne</i> by <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Anicet-Bourgeois" title="Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois">Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bravo" title="The Bravo">The Bravo</a>, a tale</i> by <a href="/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper" title="James Fenimore Cooper">James Fenimore Cooper</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="vestale" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/La_vestale_(Mercadante)" title="La vestale (Mercadante)">La vestale</a></i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18400310" style="display:none;"></span>10 March 1840</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Given under the title of <i>Emilia</i> in Rome in the autumn of 1842; As <i>San Camillo</i> given in Rome in 1851. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="solitaria" style="display:none;"></span><i>La solitaria delle Asturie, ossia La Spagna ricuperata</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>5 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="romani" style="display:none;"></span>Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18400312" style="display:none;"></span>12 March 1840</td> <td>Venice, Teatro La Fenice</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="proscritto" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Il_proscritto" title="Il proscritto">Il proscritto</a></i></td> <td>melodramma tragico</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18420104" style="display:none;"></span>4 January 1842</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i>Le proscrit</i> by F. Soulié. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="reggente" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il reggente</i></td> <td>dramma lirico</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18430202" style="display:none;"></span>2 February 1843</td> <td>Turin, Teatro Regio</td> <td>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/Gustave_III_(Auber)" title="Gustave III (Auber)">Gustave III ou Le bal masqué</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Scribe" title="Eugène Scribe">Eugène Scribe</a>; Revised with changes for Trieste, 11 November 1843. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="leonora" style="display:none;"></span><i>Leonora</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="Based on rienzo" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Marco_D%27Arienzo" title="Marco D&#39;Arienzo">Marco D'Arienzo</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18441205" style="display:none;"></span>5 December 1844</td> <td>Naples, Teatro Nuovo</td> <td>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/Lenore_(ballad)" title="Lenore (ballad)">Lenore</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_August_B%C3%BCrger" title="Gottfried August Bürger">Gottfried August Bürger</a>; Arranged as <i>I cacciatori delle Alpi</i> for Mantua in 1859. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="vascello" style="display:none;"></span><i>Il Vascello de Gama</i></td> <td>melodramma romantico</td> <td>1 prologo e 3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18450306" style="display:none;"></span>6 March 1845</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i>Le naufrage de la Meduse</i> by Desnoyers de Biéville. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="orazi" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Orazi_e_Curiazi" title="Orazi e Curiazi">Orazi e Curiazi</a></i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18461110" style="display:none;"></span>10 November 1846</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/Horace_(Corneille)" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace (Corneille)">Horace</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="schiava" style="display:none;"></span><i>La schiava saracena, ovvero Il campo dei crociati</i></td> <td>melodramma tragico</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="piave" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Maria_Piave" title="Francesco Maria Piave">Francesco Maria Piave</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18481226" style="display:none;"></span>26 December 1848</td> <td>Milan, Teatro alla Scala</td> <td>Revised for Teatro San Carlo, Naples, 29 October 1850. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="medea" style="display:none;"></span><i>Medea</i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano<br /><br />Felice Romani</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18510301" style="display:none;"></span>1 March 1851</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="statira" style="display:none;"></span><i>Statira</i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="bolognese" style="display:none;"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domenico_Bolognese&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Domenico Bolognese (page does not exist)">Domenico Bolognese</a></td> <td><span data-sort-value="18530108" style="display:none;"></span>8 January 1853</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on <i>Olympie</i> by Voltaire </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="violetta" style="display:none;"></span><i>Violetta</i></td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="Based on rienzo" style="display:none;"></span>Marco D'Arienzo</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18530110" style="display:none;"></span>10 January 1853</td> <td>Naples, Teatro Nuovo</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="pelagio" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Pelagio_(opera)" title="Pelagio (opera)">Pelagio</a></i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>4 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="Based on rienzo" style="display:none;"></span>Marco D'Arienzo</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18570212" style="display:none;"></span>12 February 1857</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Virginia" style="display:none;"></span><i><a href="/wiki/Virginia_(Mercadante)" title="Virginia (Mercadante)">Virginia</a></i></td> <td>tragedia lirica</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td><span data-sort-value="18660407" style="display:none;"></span>7 April 1866</td> <td>Naples, Teatro San Carlo</td> <td>Based on Alfieri; Composed in December 1849 to March 1850. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="orfano" style="display:none;"></span><i>L'orfano di Brono, ossia Caterina dei Medici</i><br />(<i>Caterina di Brono</i>)</td> <td>melodramma</td> <td>3 acts</td> <td><span data-sort-value="cammarano" style="display:none;"></span>Salvatore Cammarano</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Incomplete; only the first act exists.<br />Composed in 1869/1870 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-zucker-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zucker_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zucker_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZucker" class="citation web cs1">Zucker, Stefan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stefanzucker.com/saverio-mercadante">"Saverio Mercadante: Liszt thought him Italy's best composer"</a>. <i>stefanzucker.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=stefanzucker.com&amp;rft.atitle=Saverio+Mercadante%3A+Liszt+thought+him+Italy%27s+best+composer&amp;rft.aulast=Zucker&amp;rft.aufirst=Stefan&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stefanzucker.com%2Fsaverio-mercadante&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaverio+Mercadante" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RCAFluteConcertos-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RCAFluteConcertos_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Rose, "Mercadante: Flute Concertos", booklet accompanying the 2004 RCA CD recording with <a href="/wiki/James_Galway" title="James Galway">James Galway</a> and <a href="/wiki/I_Solisti_Veneti" title="I Solisti Veneti">I Solisti Veneti</a> under <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Scimone" title="Claudio Scimone">Claudio Scimone</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Couling-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Couling_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Couling_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCouling1997">Couling 1997</a>, p.&#160;6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blaha-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blaha_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blaha, Peter 2006, (trans. Stewart Spencer), "A gratifying experience", Booklet accompanying the 1979 live Orfeo recording of <i>Il giuramento</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaufman-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kaufman_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kaufman_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kaufman, Tom, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meyerbeer.com./negl-belcanto.htm">"The Neglected Bel Canto Composers"</a>, <i>The Meyerbeer Fan Club</i>, online at meyerbeer.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schmid, Patric April 1975, "Rediscovering Mercadante", <i>Opera</i>, vol. 26, No. 4, p. 332</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKaufman1997">Kaufman 1997</a>: For example, <i>Il giuramento</i> received 400 performances and <i>La vestale</i> 150 compared to <i>Giovanna d'Arco</i>, <i>Don Carlo</i> (in all its versions), and <i>Aroldo</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">&#39;</span>s approx. 90 each.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Sources</b> </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFCouling1997">Couling, Della (trans.) (1997), "Saverio Mercadante (1795–1870)" <i>Elena da Feltre</i> ", in the booklet accompanying the 1997 recording of that opera at the <a href="/wiki/Wexford_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Wexford Festival">Wexford Festival</a> released on the Marco Polo label</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman1997" class="citation journal cs1">Kaufman, Thomas G. (June 1997). "Mercadante and Verdi". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Opera_Quarterly" title="The Opera Quarterly">The Opera Quarterly</a></i>. <b>13</b> (3): 41–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foq%2F13.3.41">10.1093/oq/13.3.41</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Opera+Quarterly&amp;rft.atitle=Mercadante+and+Verdi&amp;rft.volume=13&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=41-56&amp;rft.date=1997-06&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foq%2F13.3.41&amp;rft.aulast=Kaufman&amp;rft.aufirst=Thomas+G.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaverio+Mercadante" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bryan, Karen M. (1988), "Mercadante's Experiment in Form: The cabalettas of <i>Elena da Feltre</i>", <i>Donizetti Society Journal</i> Number 6, London.</li> <li>De Napoli, Giuseppe, (1952) <i>La triade melodrammatica altamurana: Giacomo Tritto, Vincenzo Lavigna, Saverio Mercadante</i>, Milan.</li> <li>Kaufman, Thomas G. (1993), "Mercadante", in the <i>International Dictionary of Opera</i>, vol. 2 pp.&#160;858–861</li> <li>Kaufman, Thomas G. (1996), "Catalogue of the Operas of Mercadante – Chronology of Performances with Casts", <i>Bollettino dell Associazione Civica "Saverio Mercadante"</i> N. 1; Altamura</li> <li>Gianturco, Elio, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/889794">"Review of <i>Saverio Mercadante; nella gloria e nella luce</i>"</a>, in <i><a href="/wiki/Notes_(journal)" title="Notes (journal)">Notes</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Music_Library_Association" title="Music Library Association">Music Library Association</a>, Second Series, Vol. 7, No. 4 (September 1950), pp.&#160;564–565. (Accessible by subscription)</li> <li>Notarnicola, Biagio (1948–49), <i>Saverio Mercadante; nella gloria e nella luce</i>, Rome: Diplomatica</li> <li>Notarnicola, Biagio (1955), <i>Verdi non ha vinto Mercadante</i>, Rome</li> <li>Palermo, Santo (1985), <i>Saverio Mercadante: biografia, epistolario</i>, Fasano</li> <li>Petrucci, Gianluca and Giacinto Moramarco (1992), <i>Saggi su Saverio Mercadante</i>, Cassano Murge</li> <li>Petrucci, Gianluca (1995), <i>Saverio Mercadante l'ultimo dei cinque re</i>, Rome</li> <li>Summa, Matteo (1985), <i>Bravo Mercadante</i>, Fasano</li> <li>Rose, Michael (1998), "Mercadante, Saverio", in <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Sadie" title="Stanley Sadie">Stanley Sadie</a>, (Ed.), <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Opera" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Opera">The New Grove Dictionary of Opera</a></i>, Vol. Three, pp.&#160;334 – 339. London: Macmillan. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-73432-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-73432-7">0-333-73432-7</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56159-228-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56159-228-5">1-56159-228-5</a></li> <li>Walker, Frank, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/729743.pdf">"Mercadante and Verdi"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Music_%26_Letters" title="Music &amp; Letters">Music &amp; Letters</a></i>, Vol. 33, No. 4 (October 1952), pp.&#160;311–321 (Accessible by subscription)</li> <li>Wittmann, Michael (1998), "Meyerbeer und Mercadante? Überlegungen zur italienischen Meyerbeer-Rezeption." In: Sieghart Döhring, Arnold Jacobshagen (eds), <i>Meyerbeer und das europäische Musiktheater</i>, Laaber 1998, pp.&#160;352–385.</li> <li>Wittmann, Michael (2001), "Mercadante", in <i><a href="/wiki/Musik_in_Geschichte_und_Gegenwart" class="mw-redirect" title="Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart">Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart</a></i> 12, with coprehensive list of works.</li> <li>Wittmann, Michael (2014), "Die Wiederentdeckung Saverio Mercadantes auf der Opernbühne. Anmerkungen zur Uraufführung von <i>Francesca da Rimini</i>." In: Sieghart Döhring, Stefanie Rauch (eds):<i> Musiktheater im Fokus. Zum Gedenken an Gudrun und Heinz Becker</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89564-161-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89564-161-9">978-3-89564-161-9</a>.</li> <li>Wittmann, Michael (2020), Saverio Mercadante – Systematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke, MW-Musikverlag, Berlin 2020: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mwmusikverlag.wordpress.com/category/mwv-mercadante-werk-verzeichnis/.pdf">https://mwmusikverlag.wordpress.com/category/mwv-mercadante-werk-verzeichnis/.pdf</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saverio_Mercadante&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Saverio_Mercadante" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Saverio Mercadante">Saverio Mercadante</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027134321/http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/8917/Mercdisc.html">A Mercadante discography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>&#32;(archived 27 October 2009) (rather outdated)</li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Mercadante,_Saverio" class="extiw" title="scores:Category:Mercadante, Saverio">Free scores by Saverio Mercadante</a> at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a> (IMSLP)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Mutopia_Project" title="Mutopia Project">Mutopia Project</a> has compositions by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mutopiaproject.org/cgibin/make-table.cgi?Composer=MercadanteS">Saverio Mercadante</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150213012930/http://enjoyaltamura.com/wiki/personaggi-storici/saverio-mercadante-di-altamura.html">Saverio Mercadante</a> on enjoyaltamura.com <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Saverio_Mercadante" title="Template:Saverio Mercadante"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saverio_Mercadante" title="Template talk:Saverio Mercadante"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saverio_Mercadante" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saverio Mercadante"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saverio_Mercadante" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saverio Mercadante</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Elisa_e_Claudio" title="Elisa e Claudio">Elisa e Claudio</a></i> (1821)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didone_abbandonata_(Mercadante)" title="Didone abbandonata (Mercadante)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1823)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nitocri" title="Nitocri">Nitocri</a></i> (1824)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caritea,_regina_di_Spagna" title="Caritea, regina di Spagna">Caritea, regina di Spagna</a></i> (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_(Mercadante)" title="Francesca da Rimini (Mercadante)">Francesca da Rimini</a></i> (1831)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_due_Figaro_(Mercadante)" title="I due Figaro (Mercadante)">I due Figaro</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_briganti_(Mercadante)" title="I briganti (Mercadante)">I briganti</a></i> (1836)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_giuramento" title="Il giuramento">Il giuramento</a></i> (1837)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_bravo" title="Il bravo">Il bravo</a></i> (1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elena_da_Feltre" title="Elena da Feltre">Elena da Feltre</a></i> (1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_vestale_(Mercadante)" title="La vestale (Mercadante)">La vestale</a></i> (1840)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_proscritto" title="Il proscritto">Il proscritto</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orazi_e_Curiazi" title="Orazi e Curiazi">Orazi e Curiazi</a></i> (1846)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pelagio_(opera)" title="Pelagio (opera)">Pelagio</a></i> (1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virginia_(Mercadante)" title="Virginia (Mercadante)">Virginia</a></i> (1866)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Named for Mercadante</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_del_Fondo" title="Teatro del Fondo">Teatro del Fondo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romantic_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romantic_music" title="Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romantic_music" title="Template talk:Romantic music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romantic_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Romantic music</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_composers" title="List of Romantic composers">List of Romantic composers</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Composers and<br /> musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Atterberg" title="Kurt Atterberg">Atterberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bazzini" title="Antonio Bazzini">Bazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Beach" title="Amy Beach">Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Auguste_de_B%C3%A9riot" title="Charles Auguste de Bériot">Bériot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bertin" title="Louise Bertin">Bertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield_Chadwick" title="George Whitefield Chadwick">Chadwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Chaminade" title="Cécile Chaminade">Chaminade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Chausson" title="Ernest Chausson">Chausson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Crusell" title="Bernhard Crusell">Crusell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licien_David" title="Félicien David">Félicien David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_David_(musician)" title="Ferdinand David (musician)">Ferdinand David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Delibes" title="Léo Delibes">Delibes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Delius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Denza" title="Luigi Denza">Denza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_d%27Indy" title="Vincent d&#39;Indy">d'Indy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Farrenc" title="Louise Farrenc">Farrenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Foote" title="Arthur Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Foster" title="Stephen Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Franz" title="Robert Franz">Franz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Giuliani" title="Mauro Giuliani">Giuliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Glazunov" title="Alexander Glazunov">Glazunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Gomes" title="Antônio Carlos Gomes">Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Melchor_Gomis" title="José Melchor Gomis">J. Gomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gretchaninov" title="Alexander Gretchaninov">Gretchaninov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_H%C3%A9rold" title="Ferdinand Hérold">Hérold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Holst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Joplin" title="Scott Joplin">Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kalivoda" title="Jan Kalivoda">Kalivoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Kreisler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kuhlau" title="Friedrich Kuhlau">Kuhlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toivo_Kuula" title="Toivo Kuula">Kuula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Lachner" title="Franz Lachner">Lachner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Lalo" title="Édouard Lalo">Lalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruggero_Leoncavallo" title="Ruggero Leoncavallo">Leoncavallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Lumbye" title="Hans Christian Lumbye">Lumbye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Lysenko" title="Mykola Lysenko">Lysenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_MacDowell" title="Edward MacDowell">MacDowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leevi_Madetoja" title="Leevi Madetoja">Madetoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Masarnau_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Santiago Masarnau Fernández">Masarnau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Massenet" title="Jules Massenet">Massenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mercadante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_M%C3%A9reaux" title="Amédée Méreaux">Méreaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Niedermeyer" title="Louis Niedermeyer">Niedermeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Offenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pacini" title="Giovanni Pacini">Pacini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knowles_Paine" title="John Knowles Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Popper" title="David Popper">Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Prudent" title="Émile Prudent">Prudent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Puccini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Raff" title="Joachim Raff">Raff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Reinecke" title="Carl Reinecke">Reinecke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottorino_Respighi" title="Ottorino Respighi">Respighi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Ries" title="Ferdinand Ries">Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Rode" title="Pierre Rode">Rode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_de_Sarasate" title="Pablo de Sarasate">Sarasate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Philip_Sousa" title="John Philip Sousa">Sousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_I" title="Johann Strauss I">J. Strauss I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_II" title="Johann Strauss II">J. Strauss II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">R. Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Taneyev" title="Sergei Taneyev">Taneyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_T%C3%A1rrega" title="Francisco Tárrega">Tárrega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Tobias" title="Rudolf Tobias">Tobias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Vieuxtemps" title="Henri Vieuxtemps">Vieuxtemps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Vaughan_Williams" title="Ralph Vaughan Williams">Vaughan Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ysa%C3%BFe" title="Eugène Ysaÿe">Ysaÿe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Instrumentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_guitar" title="Romantic guitar">Romantic guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestra#Early_Romantic_orchestra" title="Orchestra">Romantic orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(classical_music)" title="Ballade (classical music)">Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_piece" title="Character piece">Character piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorale_prelude" title="Chorale prelude">Chorale prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermezzo" title="Intermezzo">Intermezzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lied" title="Lied">Lied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">Mazurka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_song" title="Orchestral song">Orchestral song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantische_Oper" title="Romantische Oper">Romantic opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">Symphonic poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">Symphony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianist_movement" title="Indianist movement">Indianist movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Musik" title="Neue Zeitschrift für Musik">Neue Zeitschrift für Musik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_School" title="New German School">New German School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_the_Belyayev_circle" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle">Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_The_Five" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and The Five">Tchaikovsky and The Five</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Romantics" title="War of the Romantics">War of the Romantics</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_practice_period" title="Common practice period">Common practice period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_chess" title="Romantic chess">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="float: left;">&#160;← <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Classical_period_(music)" title="Template:Classical period (music)">Classical music</a></b></div><div style="float: right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism_(music)" title="Template:Modernism (music)">Modernist music</a></b> →&#160;</div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Romantic_music" title="Category:Romantic music">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Classical_music" title="Portal:Classical music">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/21px-Audio_a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/32px-Audio_a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Audio_a.svg/42px-Audio_a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Classical_music" title="Portal:Classical music">Classical music</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Operalogo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/21px-Operalogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/32px-Operalogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/42px-Operalogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Opera" title="Portal:Opera">Opera</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/7px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/14px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313980#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313980#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313980#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000116287374">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/42026042">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/50278/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqqmbDPb3hcrhcgxBwgrq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119060752">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80017831">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897405b">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897405b">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001136502">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mercadante, Saverio"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV000681">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jx20040908009&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX1094218">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/99163">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069930198">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1022890">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000169878&amp;P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=251634">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/vs68b1gd182mbn4">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810627868605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&amp;url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&amp;id=495/33124">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007307158705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000196791">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058520816406706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13911295">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06912342?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/f5509d70-5768-4701-bf6c-d1f91e0f24d4">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/102687">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1044575">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="MERCADANTE, Saverio"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/saverio-mercadante_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119060752.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119060752">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/080217885">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60z72bf">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/89350">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐cj4rt Cached time: 20241130141013 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.852 seconds Real time usage: 1.040 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4073/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 71467/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4425/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44733/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.514/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17708365/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report 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