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false, true); </script><base href="https://primaryfacts.com/1135/roman-food-facts-what-did-the-romans-eat/"/> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <meta name="theme-color" content=""/> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"/> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1"/> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Roman Food Facts: What Did the Romans Eat? - Primary Facts</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://primaryfacts.com/1135/roman-food-facts-what-did-the-romans-eat/"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Roman Food Facts: What Did the Romans Eat? - Primary Facts"/> <meta property="og:description" content="The Romans ate a varied diet consisting of vegetables, meat and fish. The poorest Romans ate quite simple meals, but the rich were used to eating a wide range of dishes using produce from all over the Roman Empire. Romans typically ate three meals a day – breakfast (ientaculum), lunch (prandium) and dinner (cena). 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menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-608"><a href="https://primaryfacts.com/contact-primary-facts/">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-126" class="ezoic-adpicker-ad"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="126"></span> <div class="top-section"> </div> <div class="container main-content-area"> <div class="row side-pull-left"> <div class="main-content-inner col-sm-12 col-md-8"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <article id="post-1135" class="post-1135 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-the-romans tag-roman-banquet tag-roman-drink tag-roman-facts-for-kids tag-roman-food"> <div class="post-inner-content"> <header class="entry-header page-header"> <h1 class="entry-title ">Roman Food Facts: What Did the Romans Eat?</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><i class="fa fa-calendar-alt"></i> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/1135/roman-food-facts-what-did-the-romans-eat/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2013-03-25T10:22:21+00:00"></time><time class="updated" datetime="2016-09-27T18:43:39+00:00"></time></a></span><span class="byline"> <i class="fa fa-user"></i> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://primaryfacts.com/author/james/">James</a></span></span> <span class="cat-links"><i class="fa fa-folder-open"></i> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/category/the-romans/" rel="category tag">The Romans</a> </span> </div> <span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-118" class="ezoic-adpicker-ad"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="118"></span></header> <div class="entry-content"> <p>The Romans ate a varied diet consisting of vegetables, meat and fish. The poorest Romans ate quite simple meals, but the rich were used to eating a wide range of dishes using produce from all over the Roman Empire.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-901" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="901"></span><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-129" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="129"></span> <p>Romans typically ate three meals a day – breakfast (ientaculum), lunch (prandium) and dinner (cena). Cena was the main meal.</p> <p></p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-137" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="137"></span> <p>The Romans did not sit down at a tables to eat their meals. They spread out on couches around a low, square table. They basically ate lying down! They also ate most of their meals with their fingers (although they did use spoons for some of the dishes, such as soup, and have knives to cut their food into bite-size pieces).</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-909" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="909"></span> <p><strong>Fruit and Vegetables</strong></p> <p>A range of different fruits and vegetables were eaten by the Romans. They would have had: carrots, radishes, beans, dates, turnips, pears, plums, pomegranates, almonds, olives, figs, celery, apples, cabbages, pumpkins, grapes, mushrooms and many more. Some of these fruits and vegetables had never been seen in Britain before the Romans invaded.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-138" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="138"></span> <p><strong>Meat</strong></p> <p>The Romans kept animals for their meat. The rich ate beef, pork, wild boar, venison, hare, guinea fowl, pheasant, chicken, geese, peacock, duck, and even dormice (served with honey). The poorer Romans didn’t eat as much meat as the rich, but it still featured in their diet.<span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-123" class="ezoic-adpicker-ad"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="123"></span></p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-910" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="910"></span> <p><strong>Fish</strong></p> <p>Lots of seafood was consumed by the Romans. They particularly enjoyed shellfish and fish sauce known as liquamen.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-139" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="139"></span> <p><strong>Bread and Porridge</strong></p> <p>Bread was a staple part of the Roman diet. Three grades of bread were made, and only rich ate refined white bread.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-911" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="911"></span> <p>Pottage, a thick porridge-like stew, was made from millet or wheat. To this the Romans would add cooked meats, sauces and spices.</p> <figure id="attachment_1136" class="thumbnail wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 502px"><a href="http://primaryfacts.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Roman-food.jpg"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1136" src="http://primaryfacts.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Roman-food.jpg" alt="Roman food" width="492" height="359" srcset="https://primaryfacts.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Roman-food.jpg 492w, https://primaryfacts.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Roman-food-300x218.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px"/></a><figcaption class="caption wp-caption-text">The types of food eaten by poorer Romans <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carnuntum_Haus_des_Lucius_-_K%C3%BCche_4.jpg?uselang=en-gb">(Credit)</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Romans liked cheese (which was mainly made from goat’s milk) and eggs (from a variety of different birds).</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-140" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="140"></span> <p>Romans didn’t know about sugar, so honey was used as a sweetener. Rich Romans also used salt, pepper and a range of spices to add flavour to their meals.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-912" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="912"></span> <h2>Roman Banquets – What did rich Romans eat?</h2> <p>Check out this video clip – it gives a really good sense of some of the foods that were available to rich Romans and how they would go about eating them.</p> <p></p><center><object width="480" height="360" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"/><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"/><param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/9CqDKkcguDk?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0"/><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"/><embed width="480" height="360" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/9CqDKkcguDk?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"/></object></center><p></p> <h2>What did the Romans drink?</h2> <p>Wine was the main drink of the Roman Empire. It was always watered down and never drunk ‘straight’. In addition to drinking wine, the Romans also drank wine mixed with other ingredients. Calda was drunk in the winter and was made from wine, water and spices. Mulsum was a honey and wine mixture.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-141" data-inserter-version="2"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="141"></span> <p>The Romans didn’t drink beer and rarely drank milk.</p> <p>Find out more <a title="The Romans: Facts, Information and Resources" href="http://primaryfacts.com/the-romans-facts-information-and-resources/">facts about the Romans</a> by visiting our Romans resouces page.</p><span id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-913" data-method="placement-service"></span><span data-ez-ph-id="913"></span> <p></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta">  <div class="tagcloud"> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/tag/roman-banquet/">Roman banquet</a> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/tag/roman-drink/">Roman drink</a> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/tag/roman-facts-for-kids/">Roman facts for kids</a> <a href="https://primaryfacts.com/tag/roman-food/">Roman food</a> </div>  </footer> </div> </article> <div id="comments" class="comments-area"><span 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