CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="nl" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kristi Noem - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )nlwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","januari","februari","maart","april","mei","juni","juli","augustus","september","oktober","november","december"],"wgRequestId":"70072eb0-fe81-4d75-998f-96a77737f8d9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kristi_Noem","wgTitle":"Kristi Noem","wgCurRevisionId":68388061,"wgRevisionId":68388061,"wgArticleId":5282126,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)","Amerikaans gouverneur","Republikein (Verenigde Staten)"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"nl","wgPageContentLanguage":"nl","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Kristi_Noem","wgRelevantArticleId":5282126,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"nl","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"nl"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q465749","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.Direct-link-to-Commons","ext.gadget.ProtectionTemplates","ext.gadget.InterProjectLinks","ext.gadget.hoofdbetekenis-titelwijziging","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMapFrame","ext.gadget.subpages","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging", "ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kristi Noem - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//nl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Bewerken" href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (nl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kristi_Noem rootpage-Kristi_Noem skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Naar inhoud springen</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofdmenu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofdmenu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofdmenu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" title="Naar de hoofdpagina gaan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hoofdpagina</span></a></li><li id="n-zoekartikel" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Navigatie"><span>Vind een artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/28_november"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recente wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:NieuwePaginas"><span>Nieuwe artikelen</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Willekeurig" title="Een willekeurige pagina bekijken [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Willekeurige pagina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation2" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation2" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Informatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Gebruikersportaal" title="Informatie over het project: wat u kunt doen, waar u dingen kunt vinden"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-Snelcursus" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Snelcursus"><span>Snelcursus</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Hulp_en_beheer" title="Hulpinformatie over deze wiki"><span>Hulp en contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="de vrije encyclopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-nl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Zoeken" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Zoeken</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Doorzoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Doorzoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciaal:Zoeken"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Zoeken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="De lettergrootte, breedte en kleur van de pagina wijzigen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uiterlijk" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uiterlijk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl" class=""><span>Doneren</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Kristi+Noem" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Kristi+Noem" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Kristi+Noem" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Kristi+Noem" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Levensloop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levensloop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Levensloop</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Levensloop-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Levensloop-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Levensloop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politiek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politiek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Politiek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politiek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privé" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privé"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Privé</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privé-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Externe link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kristi Noem</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 31 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85" title="كريستي نوم – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كريستي نوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%89_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85" title="كريستى نويم – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كريستى نويم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%85" title="کریستی نوئم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کریستی نوئم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noemov%C3%A1" title="Kristi Noemová – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kristi Noemová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9_%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%B5%CE%BC" title="Κρίστι Νόεμ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κρίστι Νόεμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85" title="کریستی نوم – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کریستی نوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9D" title="קריסטי נואם – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קריסטי נואם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%A5%D5%B4" title="Քրիստի Նոեմ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քրիստի Նոեմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კრისტი ლინ ნოემი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კრისტი ლინ ნოემი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0_%EB%86%88" title="크리스티 놈 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리스티 놈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noema" title="Kristi Noema – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kristi Noema" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%BC,_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Ноэм, Кристи – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ноэм, Кристи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Крісті Ноем – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крісті Ноем" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kristi Noem" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%BD%E4%B8%9D%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E5%A7%86" title="克丽丝蒂·诺姆 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克丽丝蒂·诺姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q465749#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overleg:Kristi_Noem&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Overleg over deze pagina (de pagina bestaat niet) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalvariant wijzigen" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nederlands</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergaven"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Kristi_Noem" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Kristi_Noem" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&oldid=68388061" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Kristi_Noem&id=68388061&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKristi_Noem"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKristi_Noem"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kristi+Noem"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kristi_Noem&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kristi_Noem" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q465749" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Kristi Noem </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Kristi Lynn Noem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg/266px-Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg/399px-Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg/532px-Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="712" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Kristi Lynn Noem</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboren </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/30_november" title="30 november">30 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Watertown_(South_Dakota)" title="Watertown (South Dakota)">Watertown</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Politieke partij </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republikeinse_Partij_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Republikeinse Partij (Verenigde Staten)">Republikeinse Partij</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Partner </th> <td colspan="2">Bryon Noem </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_gouverneurs_van_South_Dakota" title="Lijst van gouverneurs van South Dakota">33e gouverneur van South Dakota</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><b>Huidige functie</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/5_januari" title="5 januari">5 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Daugaard" title="Dennis Daugaard">Dennis Daugaard</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Lid van het <a href="/wiki/Huis_van_Afgevaardigden_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)">Huis van Afgevaardigden</a> voor <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/At-large_congresdistrict_van_South_Dakota" title="At-large congresdistrict van South Dakota">Gehele District</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/3_januari" title="3 januari">3 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Einde termijn </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/3_januari" title="3 januari">3 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2">Stephanie Herseth Sandlin </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2">Dusty Johnson </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Politiek" title="Portaal:Politiek">Politiek</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Kristi Lynn Noem</b> (<a href="/wiki/Watertown_(South_Dakota)" title="Watertown (South Dakota)">Watertown</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>), <a href="/wiki/30_november" title="30 november">30 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>) is een <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten" title="Verenigde Staten">Amerikaanse</a> <a href="/wiki/Politicus" title="Politicus">politica</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Republikeinse_Partij_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Republikeinse Partij (Verenigde Staten)">Republikeinse Partij</a>. Sinds 5 januari 2019 is zij, als eerste vrouw in de geschiedenis, <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_gouverneurs_van_South_Dakota" title="Lijst van gouverneurs van South Dakota">gouverneur</a> van de Amerikaanse staat <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>. Eerder, van 2011 tot 2019, zetelde zij namens diezelfde staat in het <a href="/wiki/Huis_van_Afgevaardigden_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)">Huis van Afgevaardigden</a> van de Verenigde Staten. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Levensloop">Levensloop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Levensloop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Levensloop"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Noem werd onder de naam Kristi Lynn Arnold geboren in <a href="/wiki/Watertown_(South_Dakota)" title="Watertown (South Dakota)">Watertown</a>, een kleine stad in het noordoosten van de staat South Dakota. Ze groeide op op een boerderij in de nabijgelegen <a href="/wiki/Hamlin_County" title="Hamlin County">Hamlin County</a>. </p><p>In 1990 ging ze studeren aan de Northern State University in <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_(South_Dakota)" title="Aberdeen (South Dakota)">Aberdeen</a>, maar stopte hier twee jaar later mee toen haar vader onverwacht overleed en ze zich volledig moest gaan concentreren op het werk op de boerderij. Ze realiseerde op het terrein tevens een jachthut en een restaurant. Op 20-jarige leeftijd trouwde ze met Bryon Noem. </p><p>Door de jaren heen bleef Noem wel onderwijs volgen, onder meer aan de <a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota_State_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Dakota State University (de pagina bestaat niet)">South Dakota State University</a>. Hier behaalde ze in 2012 alsnog een <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor of arts">bachelor of arts</a> in <a href="/wiki/Politicologie" title="Politicologie">politieke wetenschappen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politiek">Politiek</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Politiek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Politiek"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Haar eerste stappen in de politiek zette Noem in 2006, toen ze voor de <a href="/wiki/Republikeinse_Partij_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Republikeinse Partij (Verenigde Staten)">Republikeinse Partij</a> werd verkozen in het Huis van Afgevaardigden van South Dakota. Ze vertegenwoordigde daarin het zesde district en werd in 2008 herkozen. In 2010 stelde Noem zich verkiesbaar voor het <a href="/wiki/At-large_congresdistrict_van_South_Dakota" title="At-large congresdistrict van South Dakota">at-large congresdistrict van South Dakota</a> in het federale <a href="/wiki/Huis_van_Afgevaardigden_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)">Huis van Afgevaardigden</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." title="Washington D.C.">Washington D.C.</a>. Ze wist bij de verkiezingen de zittende Democraat Stephanie Herseth Sandlin te verslaan en trad aan op 3 januari 2011. Hierna werd ze nog drie keer herkozen: in 2012, 2014 en 2016. </p><p>Noem sprak zich als afgevaardigde onder meer uit tegen zaken als <a href="/wiki/Abortus" title="Abortus">abortus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Obamacare" class="mw-redirect" title="Obamacare">Obamacare</a>. Ook wilde ze fors besparen op federale projecten als het <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>, het <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">United States Department of Veterans Affairs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emissiehandel" title="Emissiehandel">emissiehandel</a>, de aanleg van <a href="/wiki/Hogesnelheidslijn" title="Hogesnelheidslijn">hogesnelheidslijnen</a> en subsidies voor de <a href="/wiki/Metro_van_Washington" title="Metro van Washington">metro van Washington</a>. Wel was ze voorstander van de <a href="/wiki/Keystone_Pipeline" title="Keystone Pipeline">Keystone Pipeline</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Inreisverbod_(Trump)" title="Inreisverbod (Trump)">inreisverbod</a> dat in 2017 werd ingesteld door <a href="/wiki/President_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="President Trump">president Trump</a>. </p><p>In 2016 kondigde Noem aan zich verkiesbaar te stellen voor het <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_gouverneurs_van_South_Dakota" title="Lijst van gouverneurs van South Dakota">gouverneurschap van South Dakota</a> bij de <a href="/wiki/Amerikaanse_gouverneursverkiezingen_2018" title="Amerikaanse gouverneursverkiezingen 2018">gouverneursverkiezingen van 2018</a>. Na een succesvolle campagne wist ze de voorverkiezing van de Republikeinse Partij eenvoudig te winnen, waarna ze het bij de algemene verkiezingen moest opnemen tegen de Democraat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Billie_Sutton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Billie Sutton (de pagina bestaat niet)">Billie Sutton</a>. Noem behaalde met 51% de meeste stemmen en werd daarmee verkozen tot de eerste vrouwelijke gouverneur van South Dakota. Op 5 januari 2019 werd zij ingezworen in de hoofdstad <a href="/wiki/Pierre_(South_Dakota)" title="Pierre (South Dakota)">Pierre</a>, als opvolger van haar partijgenoot <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Daugaard" title="Dennis Daugaard">Dennis Daugaard</a>. In 2022 werd Noem zonder veel moeite herkozen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privé"><span id="Priv.C3.A9"></span>Privé</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Privé" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Privé"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Noem woont op het platteland van South Dakota en is ook boer en rancher. Ze publiceerde haar eerste autobiografie, <i>Not My First Rodeo: Lessons from the Heartland</i>, in 2022. In haar tweede autobiografie, <i>No Going Back</i>, vertelde Noem een incident waarbij ze haar jonge hond neerschoot en doodde omdat ze de hond als "ontrainbaar" beschouwde nadat hij de kippen van een ander gezin had gedood. Als reactie op de wijdverbreide kritiek voerde ze aan dat ze een "verantwoordelijke eigenaar" was die een moeilijke beslissing nam. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sd.gov/governor/">South Dakota Governor</a> Officiële website</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1193051657">1193051657</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000453081959">0000 0004 5308 1959</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2012094452">no2012094452</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6n40n8j">w6n40n8j</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=N000184">N000184</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/258032842">258032842</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/258032842">258032842</a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&oldid=68388061">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&oldid=68388061</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Lid_van_het_Huis_van_Afgevaardigden_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Categorie:Lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)">Lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden (Verenigde Staten)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Amerikaans_gouverneur" title="Categorie:Amerikaans gouverneur">Amerikaans gouverneur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Republikein_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="Categorie:Republikein (Verenigde Staten)">Republikein (Verenigde Staten)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 16 nov 2024 om 09:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/nl">gebruiksvoorwaarden</a> voor meer informatie.<br /> Wikipedia® is een geregistreerd handelsmerk van de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, een organisatie zonder winstoogmerk.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacybeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia">Over Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Algemeen_voorbehoud">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragscode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/nl.wikipedia.org">Statistieken</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//nl.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kristi_Noem&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobiele weergave</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-w9rct","wgBackendResponseTime":150,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.109","walltime":"0.355","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1671,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":10357,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2739,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1686,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 288.812 1 -total"," 52.99% 153.052 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_ambtsbekleder"," 51.14% 147.696 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_generiek"," 34.82% 100.558 1 Sjabloon:En"," 21.57% 62.308 1 Sjabloon:Taalaanduiding"," 18.90% 54.590 1 Sjabloon:Wikidata_afbeelding"," 12.08% 34.899 1 Sjabloon:Bibliografische_informatie"," 4.78% 13.803 1 Sjabloon:Infobox/afbeeldingbreedte"," 0.47% 1.356 1 Sjabloon:Infobox/breedte"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.018","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":677074,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-8zk4b","timestamp":"20241124192955","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Kristi Noem","url":"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kristi_Noem","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q465749","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q465749","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bijdragers aan Wikimedia-projecten"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2019-11-23T08:40:01Z","dateModified":"2024-11-16T08:18:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cf\/Kristi_L._Noem_113th_Congress.jpg","headline":"Amerikaans politica"}</script> </body> </html>