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vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="メインメニュー" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">メインメニュー</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">メインメニュー</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 案内 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="メインページに移動する [z]" accesskey="z"><span>メインページ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8B%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB" title="このプロジェクトについて、できること、情報を入手する場所"><span>コミュニティ・ポータル</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%8B" title="最近の出来事の背景を知る"><span>最近の出来事</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%B0%E3%81%97%E3%81%84%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="最近新規に作成されたページの一覧"><span>新しいページ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0" title="このウィキにおける最近の更新の一覧 [r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近の更新</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%8B%E3%81%9B%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA" title="無作為に選択されたページを読み込む [x]" accesskey="x"><span>おまかせ表示</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%9C%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="練習用のページ"><span>練習用ページ</span></a></li><li id="n-commonsupload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ja" title="画像やメディアファイルをウィキメディア・コモンズにアップロード"><span>アップロード (ウィキメディア・コモンズ)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ヘルプ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E6%AC%A1" title="情報を得る場所"><span>ヘルプ</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%95%E6%88%B8%E7%AB%AF" title="プロジェクトについての意見交換"><span>井戸端</span></a></li><li id="n-notice" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%81%8A%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%9B" title="プロジェクトについてのお知らせ"><span>お知らせ</span></a></li><li id="n-bugreportspage" 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id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia内を検索 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>検索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia内を検索" aria-label="Wikipedia内を検索" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia内を検索 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="特別:検索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">検索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="個人用ツール"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ページのフォントサイズ、幅、色の外観を変更する" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="表示" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">表示</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&uselang=ja" class=""><span>寄付</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&returnto=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません" class=""><span>アカウント作成</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ログイン</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="その他の操作" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="個人用ツール" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人用ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="利用者メニュー" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&uselang=ja"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&returnto=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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<span>散瞳薬</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-散瞳薬-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-関連項目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#関連項目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>関連項目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-関連項目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部リンク" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部リンク"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>外部リンク</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部リンク-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">散瞳</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語33件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%82%D8%A9" title="アラビア語: توسع الحدقة" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توسع الحدقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="ブルガリア語: Мидриаза" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мидриаза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ブルガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midri%C3%A0tic" title="カタロニア語: Midriàtic" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Midriàtic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="デンマーク語: Mydriasis" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="デンマーク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="ドイツ語: Mydriasis" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="英語: Mydriasis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriazo" title="エスペラント語: Midriazo" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Midriazo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriasis" title="スペイン語: Midriasis" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Midriasis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriasi" title="バスク語: Midriasi" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Midriasi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="バスク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85%DA%A9" title="ペルシア語: گشادی مردمک" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گشادی مردمک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriase" title="フランス語: Mydriase" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mydriase" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midrijaza" title="クロアチア語: Midrijaza" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Midrijaza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%A6" title="アルメニア語: Միդրիազ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միդրիազ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="アルメニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriasi" title="イタリア語: Midriasi" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Midriasi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="カザフ語: Мидриаз" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мидриаз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="カザフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%95%EB%8C%80" title="韓国語: 동공확대" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동공확대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriase" title="オランダ語: Mydriase" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mydriase" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Mydriasis" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="ポーランド語: Mydriasis" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midr%C3%ADase" title="ポルトガル語: Midríase" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Midríase" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriaz%C4%83" title="ルーマニア語: Midriază" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Midriază" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="ロシア語: Мидриаз" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мидриаз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midrijaza" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Midrijaza" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Midrijaza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydri%C3%A1za" title="スロバキア語: Mydriáza" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mydriáza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="スロバキア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midriaza" title="スロベニア語: Midriaza" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Midriaza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midrijaza" title="セルビア語: Midrijaza" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Midrijaza" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis" title="スウェーデン語: Mydriasis" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mydriasis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="タイ語: รูม่านตาขยาย" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รูม่านตาขยาย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="タイ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupilla_dilatasyonu" title="トルコ語: Pupilla dilatasyonu" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pupilla dilatasyonu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="ウクライナ語: Мідріаз" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мідріаз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A3n_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_t%E1%BB%AD" title="ベトナム語: Giãn đồng tử" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giãn 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%B3%E5%AD%94%E6%95%A3%E5%A4%A7&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="瞳孔散大">瞳孔散大</a>から転送）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg/260px-Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg/390px-Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg/520px-Human_eye_in_dim_light.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2334" data-file-height="1313" /></a><figcaption>暗い部屋にいる人の散瞳</figcaption></figure> <p><b>散瞳</b>（さんどう、mydriasis）とは医学において、疾患や薬物、外傷によって<a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%B3%E5%AD%94" title="瞳孔">瞳孔</a>が過度に拡大する現象である。瞳孔は普通暗闇では拡大、光の下で収縮するが、散瞳の瞳孔は眩しい光の下でも過度に広がったままである。別名、<b>瞳孔散大</b>ともいう。一方、瞳孔の収縮は<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E7%9E%B3" title="縮瞳">縮瞳</a>である。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="メカニズム"><span id=".E3.83.A1.E3.82.AB.E3.83.8B.E3.82.BA.E3.83.A0"></span>メカニズム</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: メカニズム"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>瞳孔の大きさを調節する虹彩に関わる筋肉の形には2種類あり、円形と放射状である。前者は<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%84%9F%E7%A5%9E%E7%B5%8C%E7%B3%BB" title="副交感神経系">副交感神経系</a>に、後者は<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%84%9F%E7%A5%9E%E7%B5%8C%E7%B3%BB" title="交感神経系">交感神経系</a>に刺激を受ける。α1アドレナリン受容体の交感神経刺激によって放射状筋肉の収縮が起こり、続いて瞳孔が散大する。一方副交感神経刺激で円形筋肉の収縮、続いて瞳孔が収縮する。 </p><p>散瞳の原因はこの刺激の際に使われる物質による。たいていは、瞳孔収縮を引き起こす眼への副交感神経の断絶か交感神経系の過敏のいずれかである。 </p><p>アトロピンは<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BB%E3%83%81%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E5%8F%97%E5%AE%B9%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「ムスカリンアセチルコリン受容体」 (存在しないページ)">ムスカリンアセチルコリン受容体</a>の障害となる。アセチルコリンは副交感神経の神経伝達物質で、この作用が遮断されれば瞳孔は収縮しない。逆に交感神経系の神経伝達物質であるノルアドレナリンにより瞳孔散大が起こる。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3" title="コカイン">コカイン</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%81%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3" title="メチレンジオキシメタンフェタミン">メチレンジオキシメタンフェタミン</a>（MDMA、エクスタシー）は神経シナプス内のノルアドレナリン<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E5%8F%96%E3%82%8A%E8%BE%BC%E3%81%BF" title="再取り込み">再取り込み</a>を抑制する。コカイン溶液が眼に滴下されればノルアドレナリンは神経によって再吸収されず、濃度は上昇する。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="散瞳薬"><span id=".E6.95.A3.E7.9E.B3.E8.96.AC"></span>散瞳薬</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 散瞳薬"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>mydriatics（散瞳薬）は瞳孔散大を誘引する物質である。硫酸<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3" title="アトロピン">アトロピン</a>、塩酸フェニレフリン、<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%94%E3%82%AB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%89" title="トロピカミド">トロピカミド</a>などの薬剤は医学において使用され、網膜や他の眼深部構造の診断や有痛性毛様体痙攣の緩和を可能にする。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="関連項目"><span id=".E9.96.A2.E9.80.A3.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE"></span>関連項目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%A3%E7%9E%B3&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 関連項目"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a 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