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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Common_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Common_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Common examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Common_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Talk_radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Talk_radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Talk radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Talk_radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_radio_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_radio_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Music radio programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_radio_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Record_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Record_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Record companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Record_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brokered_time_through_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brokered_time_through_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Brokered time through agencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brokered_time_through_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_marketing_agreements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_marketing_agreements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Local marketing agreements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_marketing_agreements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_brokered,_non-religious_programming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_brokered,_non-religious_programming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Examples of brokered, non-religious programming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_brokered,_non-religious_programming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Block_time_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Block time (disambiguation)">Block time</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Model where a show's producer pays a broadcaster for air time</div> <p><b>Brokered programming</b> (also known as <b>time-buy</b> and <b>blocktime</b>) is a form of broadcast content in which the show's producer pays a radio or television station for air time, rather than exchanging programming for pay or the opportunity to play spot commercials. A brokered program is typically not capable of garnering enough support from <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertisements</a> to pay for itself, and may be controversial, esoteric or an advertisement in itself. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brokered_programming" title="Special:EditPage/Brokered programming">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Common_examples">Common examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Common examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Common examples are religious and political programs and talk-show-format programs similar to <a href="/wiki/Infomercial" title="Infomercial">infomercial</a> on television. Others are hobby programs or vanity programs paid for by the host and/or their supporters, and may be intended to promote the host's personality, for instance in preparation for a political campaign, or to promote a product, service or business that the host is closely associated with. A live vanity show may be carried on several stations by <a href="/wiki/Remote_broadcast" title="Remote broadcast">remote broadcast</a> or <a href="/wiki/Simulcast" title="Simulcast">simulcast</a>, with the producer paying multiple stations an airtime fee. <a href="/wiki/Financial_planner" title="Financial planner">Financial advisors and planners</a> often produce this kind of programming. </p><p>Brokered commercial programs promote products or services by scripting shows made to sound similar to <a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">talk radio</a> or news programming, and may even include calls from actual listeners (or actors playing the part of listeners). The programs are a specific type of infomercial, as they focus on a topic related to the product and repeatedly steer listeners and "callers" to a particular website and/or <a href="/wiki/Toll-free_telephone_number" title="Toll-free telephone number">toll-free telephone number</a> in order to purchase the product being featured. Although presented in the style of live programs, these are typically pre-recorded and supplied to stations on tape, disc, or digital downloadable formats, such as MP3 files. </p><p>Such programming is most common on talk radio stations and used to fill non-<a href="/wiki/Prime_time" title="Prime time">prime time</a> slots and to augment income from spot-advertisement sales during normal programs.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of these programs feature a <a href="/wiki/Disclaimer" title="Disclaimer">disclaimer</a> at either the beginning or the end of the program (or both), usually read by the program's host or (most often) by a separate announcer; some radio stations play a standard disclaimer before all such programs. </p><p>Certain mainstream sports and entertainment broadcasts may resort to buying brokered airtime to air on television if they cannot secure a deal that pays rights fees or a barter agreement. Examples include the last years of the <i><a href="/wiki/Professional_Bowlers_Tour" title="Professional Bowlers Tour">Professional Bowlers Tour</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s short-lived <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baseball_Network" title="The Baseball Network">The Baseball Network</a></i> venture in the mid-1990s, professional football leagues such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2009%E2%80%932012)" title="United Football League (2009–2012)">United Football League</a><sup id="cite_ref-uflonbrink_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uflonbrink-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_American_Football" title="Alliance of American Football">Alliance of American Football</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-leagueonfire_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leagueonfire-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Motorsport" title="Motorsport">motorsports</a> events produced and sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Oil" title="Lucas Oil">Lucas Oil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of professional football, brokered programming has typically not been feasible in the long term, as the sport requires rights fees to make it viable; leagues that have relied on brokering television time have collapsed in short order due to financial losses.<sup id="cite_ref-uflonbrink_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uflonbrink-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leagueonfire_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leagueonfire-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Regional_sports_network" title="Regional sports network">Regional sports networks</a> also pad their non-play-by-play schedule with brokered shows catering to niches like <a href="/wiki/High_school_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="High school sports">high school sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poker" title="Poker">poker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">all-terrain vehicles</a>. Some packages of <a href="/wiki/High_school_football" title="High school football">high school football</a> and basketball games are brokered more with the specific purposes of <a href="/wiki/College_recruiting" title="College recruiting">college recruiting</a> and future <a href="/wiki/Student_athlete_compensation" title="Student athlete compensation">name, image, and likeness</a> deals in mind rather than the actual team matchup, which is mainly prevalent with nationally-ranked high school athletic powers that do not play traditional local schedules against local opponents and highlight certain heavily-recruited players. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Talk_radio">Talk radio</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Talk radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although some <a href="/wiki/Radio_syndication" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio syndication">syndicators</a> of multi-topic, ad-supported talk shows may pay a fee to stations with very large <a href="/wiki/Arbitron" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbitron">Arbitron</a>-verified <a href="/wiki/Listenership" class="mw-redirect" title="Listenership">listenership</a>, the same syndicator will normally charge a fee to small stations and may charge nothing to stations with moderate listenership. Each arrangement depends on whether the station can deliver enough listeners to allow the syndicator to earn money from ad sales. Syndicated programs normally carry a number of their own advertisements that must be played during commercial breaks, but set aside time for local stations to play their own advertisements. </p><p>Stations also frequently employ one or more of their own hosts, but at some small stations these hosts may be unpaid volunteers motivated by the chance to promote an agenda, gain personal exposure or get work experience. </p><p>The use of brokered programming varies by station -- some stations, mainly <a href="/wiki/News_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="News radio">news radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">sports radio</a> stations, use brokered programming to fill holes in some dayparts, especially during the late-night hours and weekends. The format of brokered programs varies; many sports radio stations will use brokered programs from <a href="/wiki/Sports_handicapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports handicapping">sports handicappers</a> and prognosticators to fit their format, while news and talk radio stations will often rely on brokered programs that sell vitamin or nutritional supplements, financial planning products and services, and alternative medical products, fitting those stations' older audiences. </p><p>Sometimes, even programs dealing with gardening and home improvement (usually presented on weekend mornings on many talk radio stations) are broadcast under a brokered arrangement, as was the case with <a href="/wiki/KRLD_(AM)" title="KRLD (AM)">KRLD</a> gardening expert <a href="/wiki/Neil_Sperry" title="Neil Sperry">Neil Sperry</a> before his show was canceled outright in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Program time is often brokered to churches on Sunday mornings in a manner that parallels <a href="/wiki/Televangelism" title="Televangelism">televangelism</a>; there are also religious stations that rely primarily on brokered programs, and these stations often get the derisive title of "pay for pray," a play on the unethical practice of "<a href="/wiki/Payola" title="Payola">pay for play</a>" on music stations. There are also some <a href="/wiki/AM_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="AM radio">AM radio</a> stations that are dedicated to the brokered format, selling time for as little as 15 minutes or even selling the entire broadcasting day to a single entity, with the station holding the <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_license" title="Broadcast license">broadcast license</a> and providing the facilities. That long-form type of brokered programming is especially popular among ethnic and religious broadcasters as well as with privately owned U.S.-based <a href="/wiki/Shortwave_radio" title="Shortwave radio">shortwave radio</a> broadcasters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Music_radio_programs">Music radio programs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Music radio programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brokered programs are not exclusive to talk radio; music radio programs can also be brokered. The brokered format, popular among specialty and niche music formats (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">polka music</a>), usually involves the show itself lining up its own advertising and paying the station for its airtime. The idea reduces the risk for the station and assures the show remains on the air as long as the show's producers continue to pay the station's airtime fee. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Record_companies">Record companies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Record companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Record_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Record companies">Record companies</a> (through independent promoters) may also purchase brokered time on music stations to have the station play a new single as a "preview", which has the potential to be inserted onto a station's general playlist but has not received the traction to do so. These spots are often the length of the song with an introduction and disclaimer at the end of the song stating the artist, album title, and releasing label, and come under titles such as <i>CD Preview</i>. The segments must be carefully disclaimed by the record companies so as to not violate <a href="/wiki/Payola" title="Payola">payola</a> laws and the playing of the song, as it is paid for, cannot be applied to song popularity charts, as has happened in the early 2000s with some forms of this concept.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brokered_time_through_agencies">Brokered time through agencies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Brokered time through agencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oftentimes broadcasters will seek the help of an ad agency to secure a brokered radio show. Agencies such as I Buy Time in Dallas, Texas or Bayliss Media Group in Los Angeles, California have the knowledge on how to negotiate a lower per-hour rate than what may be quoted by the radio station to the individual broadcaster. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_marketing_agreements">Local marketing agreements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Local marketing agreements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If a station sells all of its time to a programmer, essentially <a href="/wiki/Leasing" class="mw-redirect" title="Leasing">leasing</a> the station, it is a <a href="/wiki/Local_marketing_agreement" title="Local marketing agreement">local marketing agreement</a> (LMA). Like owning a station, this counts toward United States <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> (FCC) and <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Radio-television_and_Telecommunications_Commission" title="Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission">Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission</a> (CRTC) caps that prevent excessive <a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">concentration of media ownership</a> in the U.S. and Canada. However, in the case of television stations, LMA's do not count towards caps in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-change_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-change-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_brokered,_non-religious_programming"><span id="Examples_of_brokered.2C_non-religious_programming"></span>Examples of brokered, non-religious programming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Examples of brokered, non-religious programming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Financial planning/advice/services</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Investors Edge</i> with <a href="/wiki/Gary_Kaltbaum" title="Gary Kaltbaum">Gary Kaltbaum</a></li> <li><i>The Mutual Fund Show</i></li> <li><i>The <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lucia" title="Ray Lucia">Ray Lucia</a> Show</i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/ASAP_(TV_program)" title="ASAP (TV program)">ASAP</a> (via <a href="/wiki/A2Z_(TV_channel)" title="A2Z (TV channel)">A2Z</a> and <a href="/wiki/TV5_(Philippine_TV_network)" title="TV5 (Philippine TV network)">TV5</a>)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eat_Bulaga!" title="Eat Bulaga!">Eat Bulaga!</a> (via <a href="/wiki/TV5_(Philippine_TV_network)" title="TV5 (Philippine TV network)">TV5</a> and <a href="/wiki/RPTV_(TV_channel)" title="RPTV (TV channel)">RPTV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Radio_Philippines_Network" title="Radio Philippines Network">RPN</a>)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Showtime_(Philippine_TV_program)" title="It's Showtime (Philippine TV program)">It's Showtime</a> (via <a href="/wiki/A2Z_(TV_channel)" title="A2Z (TV channel)">A2Z</a>, <a href="/wiki/All_TV" title="All TV">All TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/GMA_Network" title="GMA Network">GMA Network</a> and <a href="/wiki/GTV_(Philippine_TV_network)" title="GTV (Philippine TV network)">GTV</a>)</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Trudeau" title="Kevin Trudeau">Kevin Trudeau</a> Show</i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Music</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Tubb" title="Ernest Tubb">Ernest Tubb</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Midnite_Jamboree" title="Midnite Jamboree">Midnite Jamboree</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sports</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Calling All Sports With Roc and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Manucci" title="Dan Manucci">Manuch</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>News and Talk</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magandang_Buhay" title="Magandang Buhay">Magandang Buhay</a> (via <a href="/wiki/A2Z_(TV_channel)" title="A2Z (TV channel)">A2Z</a> and <a href="/wiki/All_TV" title="All TV">All TV</a>)</i><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NewsWatch_Plus" title="NewsWatch Plus">NewsWatch Plus</a> (via <a href="/wiki/RPTV_(TV_channel)" title="RPTV (TV channel)">RPTV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Radio_Philippines_Network" title="Radio Philippines Network">RPN</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aliw_Channel_23" title="Aliw Channel 23">Aliw Channel 23</a>)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Radio_Sputnik" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio Sputnik">Radio Sputnik</a> (via <a href="/wiki/RM_Broadcasting" title="RM Broadcasting">RM Broadcasting</a>)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TV_Patrol" title="TV Patrol">TV Patrol</a> (via <a href="/wiki/A2Z_(TV_channel)" title="A2Z (TV channel)">A2Z</a>, <a href="/wiki/All_TV" title="All TV">All TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/DWPM" title="DWPM">DWPM Radyo 630</a> and <a href="/wiki/PRTV_Prime_Media" title="PRTV Prime Media">PRTV Prime Media</a>)</i><sup id="cite_ref-TVPALLTV_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TVPALLTV-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">Talk radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infomercial" title="Infomercial">Infomercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leased_access" title="Leased access">Leased access</a> <i>(for cable television)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">Advertising</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trentu.ca/org/trentradio/spon/brok_pol.htm">Canadian talk radio station discusses adopting its first brokered program</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216220200/http://www.pba.com/articles/Mark-Gerberich-Three-Former-PBA-Stars-Inducted-into-PBA-Hall-of-Fame">"Mark Gerberich, Three Former PBA Stars Inducted into PBA Hall of Fame"</a>. pba.com. February 13, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pba.com/articles/Mark-Gerberich-Three-Former-PBA-Stars-Inducted-into-PBA-Hall-of-Fame">the original</a> on February 16, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mark+Gerberich%2C+Three+Former+PBA+Stars+Inducted+into+PBA+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=pba.com&rft.date=2017-02-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pba.com%2Farticles%2FMark-Gerberich-Three-Former-PBA-Stars-Inducted-into-PBA-Hall-of-Fame&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrokered+programming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uflonbrink-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uflonbrink_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uflonbrink_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlorio,_Mike2012" class="citation web cs1">Florio, Mike (October 3, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2012/10/03/ufl-teeters-on-brink-of-financial-implosion/">"UFL teeters on brink of financial implosion"</a>. ProFootballTalk.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UFL+teeters+on+brink+of+financial+implosion&rft.pub=ProFootballTalk.com&rft.date=2012-10-03&rft.au=Florio%2C+Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprofootballtalk.nbcsports.com%2F2012%2F10%2F03%2Fufl-teeters-on-brink-of-financial-implosion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrokered+programming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leagueonfire-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leagueonfire_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leagueonfire_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOrr2019" class="citation web cs1">Orr, Conor (May 1, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/nfl/2019/04/30/alliance-american-football-aaf-collapse-charlie-ebersol-tom-dundon">"League on Fire: The Curious Rise and Spectacular Crash of the Alliance of American Football"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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May 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LionhearTV&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98Magandang+Buhay%E2%80%99+set+to+return+on+Jeepney+TV%2C+ALLTV+following+absence+from+TV5&rft.date=2024-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lionheartv.net%2F2024%2F05%2Fmagandang-buhay-jeepney-tv-alltv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrokered+programming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TVPALLTV-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TVPALLTV_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/2024/4/13/-tv-patrol-to-air-on-alltv-beginning-april-15-1429">"<i>TV Patrol</i> to air on ALLTV beginning April 15"</a>. <i>ABS-CBN News</i>. April 13, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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April 23, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 7,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=AMBS%2C+ABS-CBN+to+bring+Kapamilya+shows%2C+TV+Patrol+to+ALLTV&rft.date=2024-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F2024%2F4%2F23%2Fambs-abs-cbn-to-bring-kapamilya-shows-tv-patrol-to-alltv-1326&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrokered+programming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&oldid=1280241271">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brokered_programming&oldid=1280241271</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brokered_programming" title="Category:Brokered programming">Brokered programming</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_programming" title="Category:Television programming">Television programming</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_broadcasting" title="Category:Radio broadcasting">Radio broadcasting</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2021" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2021">Articles needing additional references from February 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Incomplete_lists_from_August_2008" title="Category:Incomplete lists from August 2008">Incomplete lists from August 2008</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 March 2025, at 12:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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