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href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div style="display: none;"></div> <div class="infobox person"><div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party">Robert Brady</div> <div class="widget-row"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/200/300/Bob_Brady.jpeg" alt="Image of Robert Brady" onerror="imgError(this);" class="widget-img" /></div> <div class="widget-row value-only white"> <p> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Democratic_Party">Democratic Party</a> </p> </div> <div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party">Prior offices</div> <div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">U.S. House Pennsylvania District 1</div> <div style="font-size: 13px; text-align:center;">Successor: <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Brian_Fitzpatrick">Brian Fitzpatrick</a></div> <hr /> <div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party"> <p> Compensation </p> </div> <div class="widget-row"> <div class="widget-key">Net worth</div> <div class="widget-value"> <p> (2012) $1,640,503.50 </p> </div> </div> <div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party"> <p> Education </p> </div> <div class="widget-row"> <div class="widget-key">High school</div> <div class="widget-value"> <p> Saint Thomas More High School, 1963 </p> </div> </div> <div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party">Personal</div> <div class="widget-row"> <div class="widget-key">Religion</div> <div class="widget-value">Christian: Catholic</div> </div> <div class="widget-row value-only Democratic Party">Contact</div> <div class="widget-row value-only white"> <p> <a href="http://www.bobbrady.us/" target="_blank">Personal website</a> </p> </div> <div class="widget-row value-only white"> <p> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Bob-Brady-for-Congress-331282800239640" target="_blank">Personal Facebook</a> </p> </div> <div class="widget-row"> <div class="widget-row value-only white"> <p> <a href="https://www.twitter.com/repbrady" target="_blank">Personal Twitter</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <p><style> .infobox { width: 250px; font-size: .9em; } .top_disclaimer { </p> <pre>float:right; border:1px solid #FFB81F; background-color: white; width: 250px; font-size: .9em; margin-bottom:0px; </pre> <p>} .infobox p { margin-bottom: 0; } .widget-row { display: inline-block; width: 100%; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 1px; } .widget-row.heading { font-size: 1.2em; } .widget-row.value-only { text-align: center; background-color: grey; color: white; font-weight: bold; } .widget-row.value-only.white { background-color: #f9f9f9; } .widget-row.value-only.black { background-color: #f9f9f9; color: black; } .widget-row.Democratic { background-color: #003388; color: white; font-weight: bold; } .widget-row.Republican { background-color: red; color: white; font-weight: bold; } .widget-row.Independent, .widget-row.Nonpartisan, .widget-row.Constitution { background-color: grey; color: white; font-weight: bold; } .widget-row.Libertarian { background-color: #f9d334; color: black; font-weight: bold; } .widget-row.Green { background-color: green; color: white; font-weight: bold; } .widget-key { width: 43%; display: inline-block; padding-left: 10px; vertical-align: top; font-weight: bold; } .widget-value { width: 57%; float: right; display: inline-block; padding-left: 10px; word-wrap: break-word; } .widget-img { width: 150px; display: block; margin: auto; } .clearfix { clear: both; } </style> </p> <div style="display: none;"></div> <div style="float:right; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Biography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Biography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Career"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Career</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Committee_assignments"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Committee assignments</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#U.S._House"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">U.S. House</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#2017-2018"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">2017-2018</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#2015-2016"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">2015-2016</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#2013-2014"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">2013-2014</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#2011-2012"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">2011-2012</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Key_votes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Key votes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Key_votes:_115th_Congress,_2017-2018"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Key_votes:_Previous_sessions_of_Congress"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#114th_Congress"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">114th Congress</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Economic_and_fiscal"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Economic and fiscal</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-13"><a href="#Trade_Act_of_2015"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Trade Act of 2015</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-14"><a href="#Defense_spending_authorization"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Defense spending authorization</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-15"><a href="#2016_Budget_proposal"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">2016 Budget proposal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-16"><a href="#2015_budget"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">2015 budget</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="#Foreign_Affairs"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Foreign Affairs</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-18"><a href="#Iran_nuclear_deal"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Iran nuclear deal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-19"><a href="#Export-Import_Bank"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Export-Import Bank</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#Domestic"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Domestic</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-21"><a href="#USA_FREEDOM_Act_of_2015"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">USA FREEDOM Act of 2015</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-22"><a href="#Pain-Capable_Unborn_Child_Protection_Act"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-23"><a href="#Cyber_security"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Cyber security</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-24"><a href="#Immigration"><span class="tocnumber">4.3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Immigration</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#113th_Congress"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">113th Congress</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-26"><a href="#National_security"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">National security</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-27"><a href="#DHS_Appropriations"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">DHS Appropriations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-28"><a href="#Keystone_Pipeline_Amendment"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Keystone Pipeline Amendment</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-29"><a href="#CISPA_(2013)"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">CISPA (2013)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-30"><a href="#NDAA"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">NDAA</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-31"><a href="#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-32"><a href="#Farm_bill"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Farm bill</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-33"><a href="#2014_Budget"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">2014 Budget</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-34"><a href="#Government_shutdown"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Government shutdown</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-35"><a href="#Immigration_2"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Immigration</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-36"><a href="#Morton_Memos_Prohibition"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Morton Memos Prohibition</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-37"><a href="#Healthcare"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Healthcare</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-38"><a href="#Healthcare_Reform_Rules"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Healthcare Reform Rules</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-39"><a href="#Keep_the_IRS_Off_Your_Healthcare_Act"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-40"><a href="#Social_issues"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Social issues</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-41"><a href="#Amash_amendment"><span class="tocnumber">4.4.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Amash amendment</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="#Previous_congressional_sessions"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Previous congressional sessions</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-43"><a href="#Fiscal_cliff"><span class="tocnumber">4.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Fiscal cliff</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-44"><a href="#Issues"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Issues</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-45"><a href="#FBI_investigation_into_campaign_finance_fraud"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">FBI investigation into campaign finance fraud</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-46"><a href="#Elections"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Elections</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><a href="#2018"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">2018</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-48"><a href="#2016"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">2016</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><a href="#2014"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">2014</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-50"><a href="#2012"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">2012</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-51"><a href="#Full_history"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Full history</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-52"><a href="#Campaign_themes"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Campaign themes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-53"><a href="#2016_2"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">2016</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-54"><a href="#2014_2"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">2014</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-55"><a href="#Campaign_finance_summary"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Campaign finance summary</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-56"><a href="#Personal_Gain_Index"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Personal Gain Index</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-57"><a href="#PGI:_Change_in_net_worth"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">PGI: Change in net worth</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-58"><a href="#PGI:_Donation_Concentration_Metric"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">PGI: Donation Concentration Metric</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-59"><a href="#Analysis"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Analysis</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-60"><a href="#Ideology_and_leadership"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <span class="toctext">Ideology and leadership</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-61"><a href="#Like-minded_colleagues"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <span class="toctext">Like-minded colleagues</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-62"><a href="#Lifetime_voting_record"><span class="tocnumber">10.3</span> <span class="toctext">Lifetime voting record</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-63"><a href="#Congressional_staff_salaries"><span class="tocnumber">10.4</span> <span class="toctext">Congressional staff salaries</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-64"><a href="#National_Journal_vote_ratings"><span class="tocnumber">10.5</span> <span class="toctext">National Journal vote ratings</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-65"><a href="#2013"><span class="tocnumber">10.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">2013</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-66"><a href="#2012_2"><span class="tocnumber">10.5.2</span> <span class="toctext">2012</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-67"><a href="#2011"><span class="tocnumber">10.5.3</span> <span class="toctext">2011</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-68"><a href="#Voting_with_party"><span class="tocnumber">10.6</span> <span class="toctext">Voting with party</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-69"><a href="#2014_3"><span class="tocnumber">10.6.1</span> <span class="toctext">2014</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-70"><a href="#2013_2"><span class="tocnumber">10.6.2</span> <span class="toctext">2013</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-71"><a href="#2011_2"><span class="tocnumber">10.6.3</span> <span class="toctext">2011</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-72"><a href="#2016_Democratic_National_Convention"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">2016 Democratic National Convention</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-73"><a href="#What_is_a_superdelegate?"><span class="tocnumber">11.1</span> <span class="toctext">What is a superdelegate?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-74"><a href="#Pennsylvania_primary_results"><span class="tocnumber">11.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pennsylvania primary results</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-75"><a href="#Delegate_allocation"><span class="tocnumber">11.3</span> <span class="toctext">Delegate allocation</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-76"><a href="#Personal"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Personal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-77"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-78"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <p><br /> <b>Robert "Bob" A. Brady</b> is a former <a href="/Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic">Democratic</a> member of the <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from the state of <a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. Brady was first elected by the voters of <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District</a> in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> On January 31, 2018, Brady announced that he would <a href="/List_of_U.S._Congress_incumbents_who_did_not_run_for_re-election_in_2018" title="List of U.S. Congress incumbents who did not run for re-election in 2018">not seek re-election</a>. He said, “I’ve been married for 21 years. For twenty of those years, I’ve been going to Washington four days a week. I need to come back home.”<sup id="cite_ref-not_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Biography">Biography</span></h2> <p>Brady is a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated from St. Thomas More High School in 1963 and entered the workforce as a carpenter. He joined the Carpenters' Union and eventually became one of its leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> Brady has lectured at the University of Pennsylvania and is also a member of the Teachers Union. In addition, he has experience working as an insurance and real estate agent and union lobbyist.<sup id="cite_ref-pvs_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pvs-4">[4]</a></sup> Before becoming a congressman, Brady was chairman of the Philadelphia Democratic Party and a member of the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-pvs_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pvs-4">[4]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Career">Career</span></h2> <p>Below is an abbreviated outline of Brady's academic, professional, and political career:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1998-2019: U.S. Representative from <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District</a></li> <li>1991-1998: Member of the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission</li> <li>1975-1983: Sergeant-at-arms, Philadelphia City Council</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="U.S._House">U.S. House</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2017-2018">2017-2018</span></h4> <p>At the beginning of the <a href="/115th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="115th Congress">115th Congress</a>, Brady was assigned to the following committees:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Committee on Armed Services</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on House Administration">Committee on House Administration</a></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2015-2016">2015-2016</span></h4> <p>Brady served on the following committees:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services#Military_Personnel" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Subcommittee on Military Personnel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on House Administration">House Administration Committee</a>, <i>Ranking Member</i></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Printing"> Joint Committee on Printing</a></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2013-2014">2013-2014</span></h4> <p>Brady served on the following committees:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Committee on Armed Services</a> <ul><li>Subcommittee on Military Personnel</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on House Administration">Committee on House Administration</a>, <i>Ranking member</i></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library">Joint Committee on the Library</a></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2011-2012">2011-2012</span></h4> <p>Brady served on the following committees: </p> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services</a> <ul><li>Subcommittee on Military Personnel</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on House Administration">House Administration</a> <ul><li>Subcommittee on Elections</li></ul></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Key_votes"><a href="/Key_votes" title="Key votes">Key votes</a></span></h2> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Key_votes" title="Key votes">Key votes</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click <a href="/Key_votes" title="Key votes">here</a>. </p> <h3><span id="Key_votes:_115th_Congress.2C_2017-2018"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Key_votes:_115th_Congress,_2017-2018">Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i><b>For detailed information about each vote, click <a href="/Key_votes:_115th_Congress,_2017-2018" title="Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018">here</a>.</b></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab5" style="background:#eee;">Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)</a><div id="tab5" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Red_x.svg" class="image"><img alt="Red x.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" width="13" height="13" /></a> <i>Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Kate's Law (HR 3004)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab6" style="background:#eee;">Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)</a><div id="tab6" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <p><br /> </p> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab7" style="background:#eee;">Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)</a><div id="tab7" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018</i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <p><br /> </p> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017 <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Signed by president"><img alt="Signed by President" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/8/8e/Governors_icon.jpg" width="45" height="45" /></a></i></dd> <dd>Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid red;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Nay</i> on: <b>Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Red_x.svg" class="image"><img alt="Red x.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" width="13" height="13" /></a> <i>Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017</i></dd> <dd>Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <div style="border-left:10px solid green;padding:5px;margin:5px 0px;"> <p>Voted <i>Yea</i> on: <b>Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)</b> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/File:Yes_check.svg" class="image"><img alt="Yes check.svg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/13px-Yes_check.svg.png" width="13" height="13" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/26px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <i>Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017</i></dd> <dd>The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Key_votes:_Previous_sessions_of_Congress">Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress</span></h3> <div style="width:70%"> <table class="collapsible collapsed" width="100%"><tbody><tr><th style="background-color:#334aab;color:white;padding:2%;font-size:120%;">Key votes <font size="2">(click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract) </font></th></tr> <tr><td> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="114th_Congress">114th Congress</span></h3> <div class="floatleft"><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="CongressLogo.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/100px-CongressLogo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="101" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/150px-CongressLogo.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/200px-CongressLogo.png 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1282" /></a></div> <p>The first session of the <a href="/114th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="114th Congress">114th Congress</a> enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the <a href="/113th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="113th Congress">113th Congress</a> had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the <a href="/114th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="114th Congress">114th Congress</a> enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the <a href="/113th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="113th Congress">113th Congress</a> had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></sup> For more information pertaining to Brady's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Economic_and_fiscal">Economic and fiscal</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Trade_Act_of_2015">Trade Act of 2015</span></h5> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/The_Trans-Pacific_Partnership_trade_deal,_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015">The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015</a></i><br /></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><b>Trade adjustment assistance</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On June 12, 2015, the <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">House</a> rejected the <a href="/Trade_adjustment_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade adjustment assistance">trade adjustment assistance (TAA)</a> measure in <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1314">HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 126-302. <a href="/Trade_adjustment_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade adjustment assistance">Trade adjustment assistance (TAA)</a> is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged with <a href="/Trade_promotion_authority_(TPA)" title="Trade promotion authority (TPA)">trade promotion authority (TPA)</a>, also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. Brady was one of 144 Democrats to vote against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></sup> <br /><b>Trade promotion authority</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On June 12, 2015, the <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">House</a> passed the <a href="/Trade_promotion_authority_(TPA)" title="Trade promotion authority (TPA)">trade promotion authority (TPA)</a> measure in <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1314">HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015</a> —by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives the <a href="/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president</a> fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent to <a href="/U.S._Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress">Congress</a> without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill including <a href="/Trade_adjustment_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade adjustment assistance">trade adjustment assistance (TAA)</a>, which was rejected earlier the same day. Brady was one of 157 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> to vote against the measure.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></sup> <br /><b>Trade promotion authority second vote</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> After the <a href="/Trade_adjustment_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade adjustment assistance">trade adjustment assistance (TAA)</a> and <a href="/Trade_promotion_authority_(TPA)" title="Trade promotion authority (TPA)">trade promotion authority (TPA)</a> did not pass the <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">House</a> together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment to <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2146/text/eah">HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act</a>—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining his or her original position on TPA except for <a href="/Ted_Yoho" title="Ted Yoho">Ted Yoho</a> (R-Fla.). Brady was one of 158 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> to vote against the amendment.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></sup> <br /><b>Trade adjustment assistance second vote</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> The <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1295">HR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015</a>—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. The <a href="/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">Senate</a> packaged <a href="/Trade_adjustment_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade adjustment assistance">trade adjustment assistance (TAA)</a> in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure in <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1314/text">HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015</a>. Along with <a href="/Trade_promotion_authority_(TPA)" title="Trade promotion authority (TPA)">trade promotion authority (TPA)</a>, which <a href="/U.S._Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress">Congress</a> passed as part of <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2146">HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act</a>—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. Brady was one of 175 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> to vote in favor of HR 1295.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Defense_spending_authorization">Defense spending authorization</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On May 15, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1735?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22hr+1735%22%5D%7D">HR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016</a>—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Brady voted with 142 other <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and eight <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></sup> The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. President <a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> <a href="/Barack_Obama:_Vetoed_legislation" title="Barack Obama: Vetoed legislation">vetoed the bill</a> on October 22, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On November 5, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/1356?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22s1356%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1">S 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016</a>—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></sup> Brady voted with 134 other <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and 235 <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> to approve the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></sup> On November 10, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and President <a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> signed it into law on November 25, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="2016_Budget_proposal">2016 Budget proposal</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On April 30, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> voted to approve <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-concurrent-resolution/11">SConRes11</a>, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> who voted, including Brady, voted against the resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="2015_budget">2015 budget</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On October 28, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1314/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr1314%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1">HR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></sup> Brady voted with 186 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and 79 <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> in favor of the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></sup> It passed the <a href="/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> on October 30, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></sup> President <a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> signed it into law on November 2, 2015. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Foreign_Affairs">Foreign Affairs</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Iran_nuclear_deal">Iran nuclear deal</span></h5> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Iran_nuclear_agreement,_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran nuclear agreement, 2015">Iran nuclear agreement, 2015</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On May 14, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> approved <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1191/actions">HR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required President <a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. <a href="/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Brady voted with 176 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> to approve the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></sup> </p><p><br /><b>Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On September 11, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> rejected <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/3461">HR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran</a>—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approving <a href="/Iran_nuclear_agreement,_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran nuclear agreement, 2015">the nuclear agreement with Iran</a>. Brady voted with 161 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> for the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></sup> </p><p><br /><b>Suspension of Iran sanctions relief</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On September 11, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> approved <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/3460?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Peter+Roskram%22%5D%7D">HR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran</a>—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." Brady voted with 185 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></sup> </p><p><br /><b>Presidential non-compliance of section 2</b><br /> <a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On September 10, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-resolution/411">H Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of the <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1191">Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015</a> required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. House <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. Brady voted with 185 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> against the resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rc492_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rc492-77">[77]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Export-Import_Bank">Export-Import Bank</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On October 27, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/597?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr597%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1">HR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></sup> Brady voted with 185 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and 127 <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> in favor of the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Domestic">Domestic</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="USA_FREEDOM_Act_of_2015">USA FREEDOM Act of 2015</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Neutral/Abstain" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/30px-GrayDotX.svg.png" width="30" height="26" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/45px-GrayDotX.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/60px-GrayDotX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="17" /></a><span style="/* insecure input */"></span> On May 13, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2048?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22USA+FREEDOM+Act%22%5D%7D">HR 2048 - the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015</a> by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revised <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/109th-congress/house-bill/3199?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Patriot+Act%22%5D%7D">HR 3199 - the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005</a> by terminating the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the <a href="/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court</a> and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Brady was one of five <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> who did not vote. It became law on June 2, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Pain-Capable_Unborn_Child_Protection_Act">Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Neutral/Abstain" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/30px-GrayDotX.svg.png" width="30" height="26" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/45px-GrayDotX.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/60px-GrayDotX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="17" /></a><span style="/* insecure input */"></span> On May 13, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/36?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22hr+36%22%5D%7D">HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act</a> by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposes prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus is determined to be 20 weeks or older. If a woman's life is in danger or her pregnancy is the result of rape or incest which has been reported to law enforcement or an appropriate government agency at any time, an abortion may be performed. Brady was one of five members of the House who did not vote on the bill. The vote largely followed party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Cyber_security">Cyber security</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On April 23, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1731?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%221731+the+National+Cybersecurity+Protection+Advancement+Act+2015%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=2">HR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></sup> Brady voted with 43 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and 19 <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Neutral/Abstain" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/30px-GrayDotX.svg.png" width="30" height="26" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/45px-GrayDotX.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/20/GrayDotX.svg/60px-GrayDotX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="17" /></a><span style="/* insecure input */"></span> On April 22, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1560">HR 1560 - the Protecting Cyber Networks Act</a> by a vote of 307-116.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></sup> The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Brady and three other <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> did not vote.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Immigration">Immigration</span></h4> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On November 19, 2015, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a> passed <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/4038?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr4038%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1">HR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015</a>—by a vote of 289-137.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></sup> The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. Brady voted with 134 <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> and two <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="113th_Congress">113th Congress</span></h3> <p>The second session of the <a href="/113th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="113th Congress">113th Congress</a> enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the <a href="/112th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="112th Congress">112th Congress</a> had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></sup> For more information pertaining to Brady's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="National_security">National security</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="DHS_Appropriations">DHS Appropriations</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> Brady voted against HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Keystone_Pipeline_Amendment">Keystone Pipeline Amendment</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> Brady voted in favor of House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span id="CISPA_.282013.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="CISPA_(2013)">CISPA (2013)</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> Brady voted against HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a></sup> The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="NDAA">NDAA</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> Brady voted in support of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Farm_bill">Farm bill</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On January 29, 2014, the <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House</a> approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d113:HR2642:">H.R. 2642</a>, known as the <a href="/United_States_Farm_Bill_2013" title="United States Farm Bill 2013">Farm Bill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a></sup> The bill passed by a vote of 251-166. The nearly 1,000-page bill provides for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that would kick in when prices drop.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-farm_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-farm-96">[96]</a></sup> However, cuts to the food stamp program cut an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.<sup id="cite_ref-farm_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-farm-96">[96]</a></sup> Brady voted with 102 other <a href="/Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic">Democratic</a> <a href="/U.S._House" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House">representatives</a> against the bill. </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="2014_Budget">2014 Budget</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> On January 15, 2014, the <a href="/Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican">Republican</a>-run <a href="/U.S._House" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House">House</a> approved <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2014/roll021.xml">H.R. 3547</a>, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-cnnhousevote_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnhousevote-97">[97]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vote_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vote-98">[98]</a></sup> The House voted 359-67 for the 1,582 page bill, with 64 <a href="/Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Republicans">Republicans</a> and three <a href="/Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrats">Democrats</a> voting against the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-vote_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vote-98">[98]</a></sup> The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></sup> It included a 1 percent increase in the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel, a $1 billion increase in Head Start funding for early childhood education, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency, and the protection of the <a href="/Healthcare.gov_website_rollout" title="Healthcare.gov website rollout">Affordable Care Act</a> from any drastic cuts. Brady joined with the majority of the <a href="/Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic">Democratic</a> party and voted in favor of the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-cnnhousevote_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnhousevote-97">[97]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vote_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vote-98">[98]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Government_shutdown">Government shutdown</span></h5> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/United_States_budget_debate,_2013" title="United States budget debate, 2013">United States budget debate, 2013</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></sup> At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. <a href="/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a> rejected the call to conference.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></sup> Brady voted against the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the <a href="/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a>. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by <a href="/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate Democrats</a> was to require income verification for <a href="/Obamacare" class="mw-redirect" title="Obamacare">Obamacare</a> subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></sup> The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from <a href="/Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican">Republican</a> members. Brady voted for HR 2775.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Immigration_2">Immigration</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Morton_Memos_Prohibition">Morton Memos Prohibition</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> Brady voted against House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status. The vote largely followed party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Healthcare">Healthcare</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Healthcare_Reform_Rules">Healthcare Reform Rules</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> Brady voted against House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Keep_the_IRS_Off_Your_Healthcare_Act">Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Nay3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/55px-Nay3.png" width="55" height="30" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/83px-Nay3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/e/ea/Nay3.png/110px-Nay3.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="106" /></a><span style="display:inline-block; filter:alpha(opacity=0); -moz-opacity:0.0; -khtml-opacity: 0.0; opacity: 0.0;"></span> Brady voted against HR 2009 - Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act of 2013. The bill passed through the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 232-185. The bill would prevent the IRS and Treasury Secretary from enforcing the powers provided to them in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The vote largely followed party lines.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Social_issues">Social issues</span></h4> <h5><span class="mw-headline" id="Amash_amendment">Amash amendment</span></h5> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> Brady voted in favor of House Amendment 413 - Prohibits the National Security Agency from Collecting Records Under the Patriot Act. The amendment failed on July 4, 2013, by a vote of 205-217. The amendment would have prohibited the collection of records by the National Security Agency under the Patriot Act. Both parties were split on the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-votes_92-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-votes-92">[92]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Previous_congressional_sessions">Previous congressional sessions</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Fiscal_cliff">Fiscal cliff</span></h4> <p><a href="/Portal:Legislative_Branch" title="Portal:Legislative Branch"><img alt="Yea3.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/50px-Yea3.png" width="50" height="28" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/75px-Yea3.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/c/cd/Yea3.png/100px-Yea3.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="107" /></a> Brady voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003, while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was one of 172 Democrats who voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="ftb-widget" data-width="600" data-height="600" data-widget-id="7wy8oMHVBI1" data-listing-id="421" data-href="http://members-of-congress.insidegov.com/l/421/Robert-A-Brady"></div><script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^https:/.test(d.location)?'https':'http';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+"://cdn1.findthebest.com/rx/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","ftb-widgetjs");</script> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Issues">Issues</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="FBI_investigation_into_campaign_finance_fraud">FBI investigation into campaign finance fraud</span></h3> <p>According to an approved search warrant application submitted to a federal district court in Pennsylvania on November 1, 2017, Brady is under investigation by the FBI for campaign finance fraud. In the application, FBI Special Agent Jonathan Szeliga said that he had probable cause to believe that Brady, along with his 2012 primary rival, Jimmie Moore, and three other staffers and political consultants, had conspired to conceal payments to Moore, in exchange for his withdrawal from the race.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Warrant_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warrant-107">[107]</a></sup> </p><p>Carolyn Cavaness, a former aide to Moore named in the alleged conspiracy, pleaded guilty in July 2017 to making false statements to the Federal Election Commission about the payments. She said that she had been instructed by Moore to create a company to funnel the money from Brady.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></sup> In September 2017, Moore also pleaded guilty to making false statements in his campaign filings.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></sup> </p><p>Political consultants Kenneth Smukler and Donald “D.A.” Jones, who were also named in the search warrant application, pleaded not guilty in October 2017 to charges related to the alleged campaign fraud. Their trial was scheduled to begin on December 12, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a></sup> </p><p>An attorney for Brady denied that Brady was a target of the investigation, according to a CBS News report on November 21, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-Warrant_107-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warrant-107">[107]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Elections">Elections</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2018">2018</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District_election,_2018" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District election, 2018">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District election, 2018</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>On January 31, 2018, Brady announced that he would not seek re-election. He said, “I’ve been married for 21 years. For twenty of those years, I’ve been going to Washington four days a week. I need to come back home.”<sup id="cite_ref-not_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2016">2016</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District_election,_2016" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District election, 2016">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District election, 2016</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Heading into the election, Ballotpedia <a href="/U.S._Congress_race_ratings" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress race ratings">rated</a> this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Brady</a> (D) defeated <a href="/Deborah_Williams_(Pennsylvania)" title="Deborah Williams (Pennsylvania)">Deborah Williams</a> (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Neither candidate faced a primary opponent in April.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a></sup> </p> <table class="table table-responsive table-hover mw-collapsible"> <caption class="general"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2016</b> </caption> <tbody><tr class="thead"> <th style="text-align:left" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</th> <th width="275px" style="text-align:left">Candidate</th> <th width="75px" style="grey;text-align:right">Vote %</th> <th width="100px" style="text-align:right">Votes</th> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert Brady</b> <small><i><b>Incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">82.2%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">245,791</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"> Deborah Williams </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">17.8%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">53,219</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="text-align:left;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>299,010</b></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="5"><i>Source:</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/ENR_New/General/OfficeResults?OfficeID=11&ElectionID=54&ElectionType=G&IsActive=1">Pennsylvania Department of State</a> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2014">2014</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District_elections,_2014" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District elections, 2014">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District elections, 2014</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Brady won <a href="/U.S._Congress_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress elections, 2014">re-election</a> to the <a href="/U.S._House_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House elections, 2014">U.S. House</a> in 2014. He ran unopposed in the <a href="/Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic">Democratic</a> primary on May 20, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></sup> </p> <table class="table table-responsive table-hover mw-collapsible table70"> <caption class="general"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2014</b> </caption> <tbody><tr class="thead"> <th style="text-align:left" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</th> <th width="275px" style="text-align:left">Candidate</th> <th width="75px" style="grey;text-align:right">Vote %</th> <th width="100px" style="text-align:right">Votes</th> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert Brady</b> <small><i><b>Incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">82.8%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">131,248</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"> Megan Rath </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">17.2%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">27,193</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="text-align:left;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>158,441</b></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="5"><i>Source:</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/Default.aspx?EID=41&ESTID=2&CID=0&OID=11&CDID=0&PID=0&DISTID=0&IsSpecial=0&PageRefID=1">Pennsylvania Department of State</a> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2012">2012</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District_elections,_2012" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District elections, 2012">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District elections, 2012</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Brady ran in the <a href="/U.S._Congress_elections,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress elections, 2012">2012 election</a> for the <a href="/U.S._House_elections,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House elections, 2012">U.S. House</a> to represent <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Pennsylvania,_2012" title="United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 2012">Pennsylvania's</a> <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District_elections,_2012" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District elections, 2012">1st District</a>. He ran unopposed in the Democratic primary on April 24 and defeated Republican <a href="/John_Featherman" title="John Featherman">John Featherman</a> in the Nov. 6 general election.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></sup> </p> <table class="table table-responsive table-hover mw-collapsible"> <caption class="general"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2012</b> </caption> <tbody><tr class="thead"> <th style="text-align:left" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</th> <th width="275px" style="text-align:left">Candidate</th> <th width="75px" style="grey;text-align:right">Vote %</th> <th width="100px" style="text-align:right">Votes</th> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert Brady</b> <small><i><b>Incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">84.9%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">235,394</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:left"> John Featherman </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:right">15.1%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right">41,708</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="text-align:left;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #bbb"><b>277,102</b></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="5"><i>Source:</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/ElectionsInformation.aspx?FunctionID=13&ElectionID=53&OfficeID=11"><i>Pennsylvania Department of State</i> "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"</a> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Full_history">Full history</span></h3> <table width="90%" class="collapsible collapsed" style="border:none;"><tbody><tr><th width="90%" style="text-align:left;"><div style="background:#FFFDD0;">To view the full congressional electoral history for Robert A. Brady, click [show] to expand the section.</div></th><th width="90%"> </th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <p><big><b>2010</b></big> </p><p>On November 2, 2010, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He ran unopposed in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2010</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">100%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">149,944</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>149,944</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>2008</b></big> </p><p>On November 4, 2008, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated Mike Muhammad (R) in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2008</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">90.8%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">242,799</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Mike Muhammad </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">9.2%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">24,714</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>267,513</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>2006</b></big> </p><p>On November 7, 2006, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated Write-in challengers in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2006</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">100%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">137,987</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>137,999</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>2004</b></big> </p><p>On November 2, 2004, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated Deborah L. Williams (R) and Christopher Randolph (Randolph for Congress) in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2004</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">86.3%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">214,462</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Deborah L. Williams </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">13.4%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">33,266</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Randolph for Congress </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Christopher Randolph </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">0.3%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">857</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>248,585</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>2002</b></big> </p><p>On November 5, 2002, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated Marie G. Delany (R) and Mike Ewall (Green) in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2002</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">86.4%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">121,076</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Marie G. Delany </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">12.5%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">17,444</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#0b0;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Green </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Mike Ewall </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">1.1%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">1,570</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>140,090</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>2000</b></big> </p><p>On November 7, 2000, Robert A. Brady won re-election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated Steven N. Kush (R) in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 2000</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> <small><i><b>incumbent</b></i></small></td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">88.3%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">149,621</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Steven N. Kush </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">11.7%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">19,920</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>169,541</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b>1998</b></big> </p><p>On November 3, 1998, Robert A. Brady won election to the <a href="/United_States_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House">United States House</a>. He defeated William M. Harrison (R), John Featherman (L) and Nancy Cole (Socialist Workers Campaign) in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center" colspan="5"><b>U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1 General Election, 1998</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center" colspan="2" width="100px">Party</td> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Democratic </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"><a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Robert A. Brady</b> </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">81.2%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">77,788</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Republican </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> William M. Harrison </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">16.6%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">15,898</td> </tr><tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#fd0;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Libertarian </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> John Featherman </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">1.2%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">1,198</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25px"> <span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span></td> <td width="75px">Socialist Workers Campaign </td> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Nancy Cole </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">1%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">964</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Total Votes</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>95,848</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /> </p><div id="div-gpt-ad-1610395138232-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1610395138232-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Campaign_themes"><a href="/Campaign_themes" title="Campaign themes">Campaign themes</a></span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2016_2">2016</span></h3> <p>The following issues were listed on Brady's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/">click here</a>. </p> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;"> <ul><li><b>Working for Working Families</b>: Putting America back to work is my top priority. Too many families are struggling to make ends meet which is why I am working everyday to reduce unemployment and re-ignite the American Dream by investing in our middle class. Since the Bush recession started, I have supported efforts to prevent out-sourcing of American jobs overseas, create incentives for small business and support legislation that helps our manufacturing sector Make It In America once again.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Standing Up for Civil Rights</b>: Throughout my career I have been honored to received either an “A” or 100 percent rating from the NAACP, The Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, the National Hispanic Leadership Agenda, the Human Rights Campaign among others. I have fought for expanding economic opportunities for America’s middle class. I have supported dramatic increases in funding for public education, job training programs and for initiatives to combat discrimination wherever it may be found. I have stood for legislation that invests in financially disadvantaged communities. I’ve worked tirelessly to to support affordable housing and will always work to make the American Dream available to everyone.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Keeping America Safe</b>: As a senior Member of the House Armed Services Committee, I have worked throughout my entire Congressional career to support our Armed Forces. I have voted for policies and programs that help our veterans and fought to make sure our brave men and women serving abroad have the resources they need to discharge their duties. I have also worked with the Pentagon to bring important funding back to the Delaware Valley for important national security projects at Philadelphia’s hospitals and universities as well as our local manufacturers such as Boeing. My commitment to America’s servicemen and women is without rival.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Supporting Public Education</b>: I believe a strong system of public education is a cornerstone of our democracy. I have supported education as a lifelong pursuit. From access to quality, early education programs like Head Start to working with labor and business for mid-career job retraining programs, my commitment to federal support for education has been steadfast.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Making Government Work</b>: As the Ranking Member of the Committee on House Administration, I have worked to make our federal elections work. I have championed the DISCLOSE Act, to require big corporations to disclose there spending our elections and to strengthen the ban on foreign money in our politics. I have also been pleased to support the Fair Elections Now Act, to create a hybrid public financing system for Congressional candidates.</li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-122">[122]</a></sup> </p> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Robert Brady's campaign website, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external free" href="http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/">http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2014_2">2014</span></h3> <p>Brady's campaign website listed the following issues:<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></sup> </p> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;"> <ul><li><b>Working for Working Families</b>: "Putting America back to work is my top priority. Too many families are struggling to make ends meet which is why I am working everyday to reduce unemployment and re-ignite the American Dream by investing in our middle class."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Standing Up for Civil Rights</b>: "Throughout my career I have been honored to received either an “A” or 100 percent rating from the NAACP, The Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, the National Hispanic Leadership Agenda, the Human Rights Campaign among others."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Keeping America Safe</b>: "As a senior Member of the House Armed Services Committee, I have worked throughout my entire Congressional career to support our Armed Forces. I have voted for policies and programs that help our veterans and fought to make sure our brave men and women serving abroad have the resources they need to discharge their duties."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Supporting Public Education</b>: "I believe a strong system of public education is a cornerstone of our democracy. I have supported education as a lifelong pursuit. From access to quality, early education programs like Head Start to working with labor and business for mid-career job retraining programs, my commitment to federal support for education has been steadfast."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Making Government Work</b>: "As the Ranking Member of the Committee on House Administration, I have worked to make our federal elections work. I have championed the DISCLOSE Act, to require big corporations to disclose there spending our elections and to strengthen the ban on foreign money in our politics."</li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-122">[122]</a></sup> </p> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Bob Brady, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external free" href="http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/">http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Campaign_finance_summary">Campaign finance summary</span></h2> <style>.cf_bp_logo {width: 35px !important;}</style><hr /><p><img class="cf_bp_logo" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/images/bp-logo-sm.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics" /><i>Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Satellite_spending" title="Satellite spending">Satellite spending groups</a> may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.fec.gov/finance/disclosure/candcmte_info.shtml">FEC website</a>. Click <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Federal_campaign_finance_laws_and_regulations" title="Federal campaign finance laws and regulations">here</a> for more on federal campaign finance law and <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/State_campaign_finance_information" title="State campaign finance information">here</a> for more on state campaign finance law.</i></p><hr /><div class="widget-table-container widget-pagination" style="max-width: 950px; padding-top:10px"><table data-enable-pagination="true" data-page-size="5" id="cf_summary_8352" class="table table-responsive table-hover bp-table"><caption style="text-align:center">Robert Brady campaign contribution history </caption><thead><tr><th>Year</th><th>Office</th><th>Status</th><th>Contributions</th><th>Expenditures</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-cell="Year">2016</td><td data-cell="Office">U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 1</td><td data-cell="Status">Won </td><td data-cell="Contributions">$755,372</td><td data-cell="Expenditures"> N/A** </td></tr><tr><td data-cell="Year">2014</td><td data-cell="Office">U.S. House (Pennsylvania, District 1)</td><td data-cell="Status">Won </td><td data-cell="Contributions">$722,246</td><td data-cell="Expenditures"> N/A** </td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr style="background-color: transparent;"><td colspan="3" class="data-cell-empty">Grand total</td><td data-cell="Contributions">$1,477,618</td><td data-cell="Expenditures"> N/A** </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0;background-color: transparent;"><td class="data-cell-empty" colspan="5" style="font-size:80%; border-bottom : hidden!important;padding: 0"><span>Sources: <i><a target="_blank" href="https://www.opensecrets.org">OpenSecrets</a>,  <a target="_blank" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/">Federal Elections Commission</a> <small>***This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).</small></i></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0; background-color: transparent;"><td class="data-cell-empty" colspan="5" style="font-size:80%; border-style : hidden!important;padding: 0"><i>** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle</i></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0; background-color: transparent;"><td class="data-cell-empty" colspan="5" style="font-size:80%; border-style : hidden!important;padding: 0"><i>Note: Totals above reflect only available data.</i></td></tr></tfoot></table><nav aria-label="Table navigation" id="navcf_summary_8352"></nav></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_Gain_Index">Personal Gain Index</span></h2> <div class="floatright"><a href="/Personal_Gain_Index_(U.S._Congress)" title="Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)"><img alt="Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png/200px-Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="109" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png/300px-Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png/400px-Congressional_Personal_Gain_Index_graphic.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="274" /></a></div> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Personal_Gain_Index_(U.S._Congress)" title="Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)">Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)</a></i><br /></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>The <b><a href="/Personal_Gain_Index_(U.S._Congress)" title="Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)">Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)</a></b> is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the <a href="/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a> have prospered during their tenure as public servants. <br /> It consists of two different metrics: </p> <ul><li><a href="/Changes_in_Net_Worth_of_U.S._Senators_and_Representatives_(Personal_Gain_Index)" title="Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index)">Changes in Net Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/The_Donation_Concentration_Metric_(U.S._Congress_Personal_Gain_Index)" title="The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)">The Donation Concentration Metric</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="PGI:_Change_in_net_worth">PGI: Change in net worth</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Changes_in_Net_Worth_of_U.S._Senators_and_Representatives_(Personal_Gain_Index)" title="Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index)">Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index)</a> and <a href="/Net_worth_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" title="Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives">Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="floatleft"><a href="/File:Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png" class="image"><img alt="Net Worth Metric graphic.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/1f/Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png/170px-Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/1f/Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png/255px-Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/1f/Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png/340px-Net_Worth_Metric_graphic.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <p>Based on <a href="/Household_net_worth_(Member_of_Congress)" title="Household net worth (Member of Congress)">congressional financial disclosure forms</a> and calculations made available by <i>OpenSecrets.org</i>, Brady's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $1,080,007 to $2,201,000. That averages to <b>$1,640,503.50</b>, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic House members in 2012 of $5,700,168.36. Brady ranked as the 168th most wealthy representative in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a></sup> Between 2004 and 2012, Brady‘s calculated net worth<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a></sup> increased by an average of 9 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a></sup> </p> <table class="collapsible" width="600px" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #a3bfb1 solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><th style="background-color:blue; color:white;" colspan="2">Robert Brady Yearly Net Worth </th></tr><tr><th>Year</th><th>Average Net Worth</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">2004</td><td style="text-align:center">$971,132</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">2012</td><td style="text-align:center">$1,640,503</td></tr><tr><td style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Growth from 2004 to 2012:</b></td><td style="text-align:center"><b>69%</b></td></tr><tr><td style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Average annual growth:</b></td><td style="text-align:center"><b>9%<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></sup></b></td></tr><tr><td style="color:black;background-color:#98FB98;text-align:center" colspan="2">Comparatively, the <b>American citizen</b> experienced a median yearly <i>decline</i> in net worth of <b>-0.94%</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a></sup><b></b></td></tr></tbody></table><p><small><i>The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.</i></small> </p><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="PGI:_Donation_Concentration_Metric">PGI: Donation Concentration Metric</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/The_Donation_Concentration_Metric_(U.S._Congress_Personal_Gain_Index)" title="The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)">The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Filings required by the <a href="/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a> report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by <i>OpenSecrets.org</i>, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Brady received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the <i>Lawyers/Law Firms</i> industry. Comparatively, the top industry employer in <a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_3rd_Congressional_District" title="Pennsylvania's 3rd Congressional District">Pennsylvania's 3rd Congressional District</a> was <i>Educational services, and health care and social assistance,</i> according to a 2012 U.S. Census survey.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a></sup> </p><p>From 1997-2014, <b>32.72 percent of Brady's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.</b><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a></sup> </p> <div class="floatleft"><a href="/File:Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png" class="image"><img alt="Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/88/Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png/179px-Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png" decoding="async" width="179" height="189" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/88/Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png/269px-Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/88/Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png/358px-Donation_Concentration_Metric_graphic.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="635" /></a></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="600px" class="collapsible" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #a3bfb1 solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:blue;text-align:center" colspan="2"><b>Robert Brady Campaign Contributions</b></th></tr> <tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>Total Raised</b></td> <td width="250" style="text-align:center">$6,041,870</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>Total Spent</b></td> <td width="250" style="text-align:center">$5,183,144</td> </tr> <tr><td width="250" style="text-align:center;background-color:#98FB98"><b>Top industry in the district</b></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center;background-color:#98FB98">Educational services, and health care and social assistance</td> </tr> <tr class="mw-empty-elt"> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:grey;" colspan="2"><b>Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee</b></td></tr> <tr><td width="250" style="text-align:center"><i>Lawyers/Law Firms</i></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center">$711,580</td> </tr><tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><i>Building Trade Unions</i></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center">$500,051</td></tr><tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><i>Industrial Unions</i></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center">$311,700</td></tr><tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><i>Transportation Unions</i></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center">$228,500</td></tr><tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><i>General Contractors</i></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center">$224,770</td></tr> <tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>% total in top industry</b></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>11.78%</b></td></tr> <tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>% total in top two industries</b></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>20.05%</b></td></tr> <tr> <td width="250" style="text-align:center;color:white;background-color:#444"><b>% total in top five industries</b></td><td width="250" style="text-align:center"><b>32.72%</b></td> </tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Analysis">Analysis</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Ideology_and_leadership">Ideology and leadership</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/GovTrack%27s_Political_Spectrum_%26_Legislative_Leadership_ranking" title="GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking">GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by <i>GovTrack</i>, Brady was a <a href="/GovTrack%27s_Political_Spectrum_%26_Legislative_Leadership_ranking" title="GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking">moderate Democratic follower</a> as of July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></sup> Brady was previously listed as a "<a href="/GovTrack%27s_Political_Spectrum_%26_Legislative_Leadership_ranking" title="GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking">rank-and-file Democrat</a>" in June 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Like-minded_colleagues">Like-minded colleagues</span></h3> <p>The website <i>OpenCongress</i> tracked the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she voted most and least often. The results included a member from each party.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></sup> </p> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="multicol" style="background:transparent; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <p>Brady most often voted with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party"><img alt="Democratic Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/d/d4/Electiondot.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/Matthew_Cartwright" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Cartwright">Matthew Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party"><img alt="Republican Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/f/fd/Ends.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/Chris_Gibson" title="Chris Gibson">Chris Gibson</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td> <td align="left" valign="top"> <p>Brady least often voted with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party"><img alt="Democratic Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/d/d4/Electiondot.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/Jim_Matheson" title="Jim Matheson">Jim Matheson</a></li> <li><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party"><img alt="Republican Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/f/fd/Ends.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/Jeff_Duncan" title="Jeff Duncan">Jeff Duncan</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Lifetime_voting_record">Lifetime voting record</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Lifetime_voting_records_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives">Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>According to the website <i>GovTrack,</i> Brady missed 549 of 11,906 roll call votes from May 1998 to September 2015. This amounted to 4.6 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Congressional_staff_salaries">Congressional staff salaries</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Staff_salaries_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" title="Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives">Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>The website <i>Legistorm</i> compiled staff salary information for members of Congress. Brady paid his congressional staff a total of $1,156,396 in 2011. Overall, <a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> ranked 34th in average salary for representative staff. The average <a href="/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="National_Journal_vote_ratings">National Journal vote ratings</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/National_Journal_vote_ratings" title="National Journal vote ratings">National Journal vote ratings</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Each year <i>National Journal</i> publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2013">2013</span></h4> <p>Brady was one of two members of the House who ranked 77th in the liberal rankings in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2012_2">2012</span></h4> <p>Brady ranked 46th in the liberal rankings in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2011">2011</span></h4> <p>Brady ranked 82nd in the liberal rankings in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Voting_with_party">Voting with party</span></h3> <p>The website <i>OpenCongress</i> tracked how often members of Congress voted with the majority of the chamber caucus. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2014_3">2014</span></h4> <p>Robert A. Brady voted with the Democratic Party <b>95.3 percent</b> of the time, which ranked 26th among the 204 House Democratic members as of July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2013_2">2013</span></h4> <p>Robert A. Brady voted with the Democratic Party <b>95.9 percent</b> of the time, which ranked 18th among the 201 House Democratic members as of June 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="2011_2">2011</span></h4> <p>Robert A. Brady voted with the Democratic Party <b>95.1 percent</b> of the time, which ranked 11th among the 192 House Democratic members as of December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="2016_Democratic_National_Convention">2016 Democratic National Convention</span></h2> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab1" style="background:#eee;">Delegate to the 2016 DNC (click to expand)</a><div id="tab1" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Democratic_National_Convention,_2016" title="Democratic National Convention, 2016">Democratic National Convention, 2016</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="infobox" style="width:250px; border:1px sold black;font-size:90%; float:right; padding:4px;"><tbody><tr><td width="60%;"></td><td></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:grey;color:white;font-weight:bold;"><big>Robert Brady</big></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:blue;color:white;font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Democratic_National_Convention,_2016" style="color:white;text-decoration:underline;">Democratic National Convention, 2016</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Status:</b></td><td><a href="/Types_of_delegates" title="Types of delegates">Superdelegate</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>State:</b></td><td><a href="/Presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania,_2016" title="Presidential election in Pennsylvania, 2016">Pennsylvania</a></td></tr><tr><td><b>Supporting:</b></td><td><a href="/Hillary_Clinton_presidential_campaign,_2016" title="Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016">Hillary Clinton</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:blue;color:white;font-weight:bold;">Delegates to the DNC 2016</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/2016_presidential_nominations:_calendar_and_delegate_rules#Republican_Party" title="2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules">Calendar and delegate rules overview</a> • <a href="/Types_of_delegates" title="Types of delegates">Types of delegates</a> • <a href="/State_election_law_and_delegates_to_national_conventions" title="State election law and delegates to national conventions">State election law and delegates</a> • <a href="/Superdelegates_and_the_2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="Superdelegates and the 2016 Democratic National Convention">Superdelegates by state</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="float:right; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> </div> <p>Brady was <a href="/Types_of_delegates" title="Types of delegates">a superdelegate</a> to the <a href="/Democratic_National_Convention,_2016" title="Democratic National Convention, 2016">2016 Democratic National Convention</a> from <a href="/Presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania,_2016" title="Presidential election in Pennsylvania, 2016">Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a></sup> Brady was one of 19 superdelegates from Pennsylvania. Superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention were not bound by the results of their state’s primary or caucus results to support a specific presidential candidate. Brady supported <a href="/Hillary_Clinton_presidential_campaign,_2016" title="Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016">Hillary Clinton</a> for the Democratic nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a></sup>Clinton formally won the Democratic nomination for president on <a href="/Hillary_Clinton_wins_the_Democratic_presidential_nomination_and_makes_history" title="Hillary Clinton wins the Democratic presidential nomination and makes history">July 26, 2016</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="What_is_a_superdelegate.3F"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="What_is_a_superdelegate?">What is a superdelegate?</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Superdelegates_and_the_2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="Superdelegates and the 2016 Democratic National Convention">Superdelegates and the 2016 Democratic National Convention</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Superdelegates in 2016 were automatic delegates to the Democratic National Convention, meaning that, unlike regular delegates, they were not elected to this position. Also unlike regular delegates, they were not required to pledge their support to any presidential candidate, and they were not bound by the results of their state's presidential primary election or caucus. In 2016, superdelegates included members of the Democratic National Committee, Democratic members of Congress, Democratic governors, and distinguished party leaders, including former presidents and vice presidents. All superdelegates were free to support any presidential candidate of their choosing at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Pennsylvania_primary_results">Pennsylvania primary results</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania,_2016" title="Presidential election in Pennsylvania, 2016">Presidential election in Pennsylvania, 2016</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <b><a href="/Hillary_Clinton_presidential_campaign,_2016" title="Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016">Hillary Clinton</a> won the Pennsylvania Democratic primary.</b> A total of <b><a href="/Types_of_delegates" title="Types of delegates">189 pledged delegates</a></b> were at stake. Polling from late-March and April showed <a href="/Hillary_Clinton_presidential_campaign,_2016" title="Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016">Clinton</a> with a lead over <a href="/Bernie_Sanders_presidential_campaign,_2016" title="Bernie Sanders presidential campaign, 2016">Bernie Sanders</a> ranging from six to 22 points.<table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="500px" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:white;background-color:blue;text-align:center" colspan="4"><b>Pennsylvania Democratic Primary, 2016</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td width="275px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Candidate</td> <td width="75px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Vote %</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Votes</td> <td width="100px" style="color:white;background-color:grey;text-align:center">Delegates</td> </tr><tr> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> <a href="/Won" title="Won"><img alt="Green check mark transparent.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/14px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png" width="14" height="14" srcset="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/21px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 1.5x, https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/thumb/0/0a/Green_check_mark_transparent.png/28px-Green_check_mark_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><b>Hillary Clinton</b> </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">55.6%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">935,107</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">106</td> </tr><tr> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Bernie Sanders </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">43.5%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">731,881</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">83</td> </tr><tr> <td width="275px" style="text-align:center"> Roque De La Fuente </td> <td width="75" style="text-align:center">0.9%</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">14,439</td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center">0</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" width="450" style="color:white;background-color:#444;text-align:center"><b>Totals</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>1,681,427</b></td> <td width="100" style="text-align:center"><b>189</b></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="5"><i>Source:</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/pennsylvania"><i>The New York Times</i></a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/ENR_NEW"><i>Pennsylvania Secretary of State</i></a> <i></i></td> </tr></tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Delegate_allocation">Delegate allocation</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/2016_presidential_nominations:_calendar_and_delegate_rules" title="2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules">2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="floatright"><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party"><img alt="Democratic Party Logo.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Democratic_Party_Logo.png/100px-Democratic_Party_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Democratic_Party_Logo.png/150px-Democratic_Party_Logo.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Democratic_Party_Logo.png/200px-Democratic_Party_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="768" /></a></div> <p>Pennsylvania had 208 delegates at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. Of this total, 189 were <a href="/Pledged_delegates" title="Pledged delegates">pledged delegates</a>. National party rules stipulated how Democratic delegates in all states were allocated. Pledged delegates were allocated to a candidate in proportion to the votes he or she received in a state's primary or caucus. A candidate was eligible to receive a share of the state's <a href="/Pledged_delegates" title="Pledged delegates">pledged delegates</a> if he or she won at least 15 percent of the votes cast in the primary or caucus. There were three types of pledged Democratic delegates: congressional district delegates, at-large delegates, and party leaders and elected officials (PLEOs). Congressional district delegates were allocated proportionally based on the primary or caucus results in a given district. At-large and PLEO delegates were allocated proportionally based on statewide primary results.<sup id="cite_ref-apdem_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apdem-146">[146]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a></sup> </p><p>Nineteen party leaders and elected officials served as <a href="/Unpledged_delegates" title="Unpledged delegates">unpledged delegates</a>. These delegates were not required to adhere to the results of a state's primary or caucus.<sup id="cite_ref-apdem_146-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apdem-146">[146]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a></sup> </p> <table align="center" style="margin-top:.2em; text-align:left;width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr><td align="center" colspan="2"><iframe width="770" height="476" seamless frameborder="0" scrolling="no" src="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14fZBFS57H9cjrzUCfhqF84pnP7IMQt2Gjun3vwPVSUY/pubchart?oid=227764637&format=interactive"></iframe></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal">Personal</span></h2> <p><i>Note: Please <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:editor@ballotpedia.org">contact us</a> if the personal information below requires an update.</i><br /> Brady and his wife, Debra, have two children.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a></sup> </p> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Pennsylvania" title="United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania">United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2014" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2014">United States House of Representatives elections, 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_Congressional_District" title="Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District">Pennsylvania's 1st Congressional District</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.pavoterservices.state.pa.us/ElectionInfo/FooterLinkReport.aspx?ID=599"><i>Pennsylvania Department of State</i>, "Unofficial Candidate Listing – Pre Ballot Lottery," accessed February 17, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-not-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-not_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-not_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thehill.com/homenews/house/371633-pennsylvania-dem-not-running-for-reelection"><i>The Hill</i>, "Pennsylvania Dem not running for reelection," January 31, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://brady.house.gov/about-me/full-biography"><i>House.gov</i>, "Full Biography," accessed June 19, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pvs-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pvs_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pvs_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/biography/2519/bob-brady#.UcIBw-vlyeE"><i>Project Vote Smart</i>, "Representative Robert A. Brady's Biography," accessed June 19, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001227"><i>Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</i>, "BRADY, Robert A., (1945 - )," accessed February 9, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/committee_info/oal.aspx"><i>U.S. House Clerk</i>, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/committee_info/oal.aspx"><i>U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk</i>, "Committee Information," accessed February 20, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://media.cq.com/pub/committees/"><i>CQ.com</i>, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed January 22, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll434.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll284.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll282.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll434.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll549.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll344.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll342.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll256.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll405.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll399.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll313.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll257.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll216.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll127.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll069.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll060.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll044.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll033.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll708.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll692.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll670.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll637.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll589.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll557.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll528.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll480.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll441.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll299.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll249.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll230.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll049.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll631.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll435.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll413.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll437.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll407.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll378.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2017/roll136.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/Resumes/113_1.pdf"><i>Congressional Record</i>, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/Resumes/current.pdf"><i>Congressional Record</i>, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/Resumes/current.pdf"><i>Congressional Record</i>, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll361.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/2015/06/15/deadline-for-taa-do-over-vote-extended-to-july-30-updated/"><i>Roll Call</i>, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll362.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/2015/06/15/deadline-for-taa-do-over-vote-extended-to-july-30-updated/"><i>Roll Call</i>, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll374.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2015/06/house-revive-trade-deal-obama-119162.html?hp=lc2_4"><i>Politico</i>, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll388.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thehill.com/policy/finance/trade/246461-obama-signs-trade-bills"><i>The Hill</i>, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll239.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1735?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22hr+1735%22%5D%7D"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thehill.com/policy/defense/259241-redone-defense-bill-sails-through-house"><i>The Hill</i>, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/1356?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22s1356%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll618.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=114&session=1&vote=00301"><i>Senate.gov</i>, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-concurrent-resolution/11"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll183.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thehill.com/policy/finance/241120-republicans-pass-a-budget-flexing-power-of-majority"><i>The Hill</i>, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1314/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr1314%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll579.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=114&session=1&vote=00294"><i>Senate.gov</i>, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1191/actions"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll226.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/3461"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll493.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/3460?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Peter+Roskram%22%5D%7D"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll494.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-resolution/411"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rc492-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rc492_77-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll492.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/597?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr597%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll576.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2048?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22hr2048%22%5D%7D"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll224.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/36?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22hr+36%22%5D%7D"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll223.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1731?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%221731+the+National+Cybersecurity+Protection+Advancement+Act+2015%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=2"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll173.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1560"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll170.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/4038?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22%5C%22hr4038%5C%22%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1"><i>Congress.gov</i>, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2015/roll643.xml"><i>Clerk.House.gov</i>, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/Resumes/112_2.pdf"><i>Congressional Record</i>, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/Resumes/113_2.pdf"><i>Congressional Record</i>, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-votes-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-0">92.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-1">92.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-2">92.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-3">92.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-4">92.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-5">92.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-6">92.6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-votes_92-7">92.7</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/key-votes/2519/bob-brady#.Ul065FN0I7I"><i>Project Vote Smart</i>, "Robert Brady Key Votes," accessed October 15, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d113:h.r.624:"><i>The Library of Congress</i>, "Bill Summary & Status - 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) - H.R.624," accessed August 27, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-94">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/floorsummary/floor.aspx?day=20140129&today=20140212"><i>Clerk of U.S. House</i>, "Roll Call Vote 31: H.R. 2642," accessed February 12, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2014/01/house-farm-bill-102806.html"><i>Politico</i>, "House clears Farm Bill," accessed February 12, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-farm-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-farm_96-0">96.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-farm_96-1">96.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/05/us/politics/senate-passes-long-stalled-farm-bill.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&_r=0"><i>New York Times</i>, "Senate passes long-stalled Farm Bill, with clear winners and losers," accessed February 12, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnnhousevote-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cnnhousevote_97-0">97.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cnnhousevote_97-1">97.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/15/politics/house-spending-bill/"><i>CNN.com</i>, "House passes compromise $1.1 trillion budget for 2014," accessed January 20, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vote-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-vote_98-0">98.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-vote_98-1">98.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-vote_98-2">98.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2014/roll021.xml"><i>U.S. House</i>, "Roll Call Vote 21," accessed January 20, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/2014/01/16/omnibus-sails-through-the-senate/"><i>Roll Call</i>, "Omnibus Sails Through the Senate," January 16, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll504.xml"><i>Clerk of the U.S. House</i>, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.buzzfeed.com/katenocera/government-shutdown-how-we-got-here?bffb"><i>Buzzfeed</i>, "Government shutdown: How we got here," accessed October 1, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll504.xml"><i>Clerk of the U.S. House</i>, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-effort-to-end-fiscal-crisis-collapses-leaving-senate-to-forge-last-minute-solution/2013/10/16/1e8bb150-364d-11e3-be86-6aeaa439845b_story_1.html"><i>The Washington Post</i>, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll550.xml"><i>House.gov</i>, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2012/roll659.xml"><i>House.gov</i>, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BMQphv22kJ6VzsscT2GX4NM9iyVmkm2B/view"><i>United States District Court for the District of Pennsylvania</i>, "Application for a Search Warrant," November 1, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warrant-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Warrant_107-0">107.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Warrant_107-1">107.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/draft-court-docs-congressman-accused-of-conspiracy-false-statements/"><i>CBS News</i>, "Court docs: Congressman Bob Brady under FBI scrutiny in campaign finance probe," November 21, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.philly.com/philly/news/politics/ex-aide-to-brady-rival-admits-scheme-to-pay-off-challenger-20170725.html"><i>Philly.com</i>, "Aide pleads guilty, says Brady campaign paid primary challenger to quit," July 25, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.philly.com/philly/news/politics/state/bob-brady-jimmie-moore-judge-campaign-payments-plea-20170914.html"><i>Philly.com</i>, "Former judge to admit payments from Brady campaign, lawyer says," September 13, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.law.com/thelegalintelligencer/sites/thelegalintelligencer/2017/11/16/trial-date-set-for-brady-aides-accused-of-paying-off-rival-candidate/?slreturn=20171027114546"><i>Law.com</i>, "Trial Date Set for Brady Aides Accused of Paying Off Rival Candidate," November 16, 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.pavoterservices.state.pa.us/ElectionInfo/FooterLinkReport.aspx?ID=599"><i>Pennsylvania Department of State</i>, "Unofficial Candidate Listing – Pre Ballot Lottery," accessed February 17, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/pennsylvania"><i>The New York Times</i>, "Pennsylvania Primary Results," April 26, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/files/elections/2014/by_state/PA_US_House_0520.html?SITE=CSPANELN&SECTION=POLITICS"><i>Associated Press</i>, "Pennsylvania - Summary Vote Results," May 20, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/ElectionsInformation.aspx?FunctionID=13&ElectionID=45&OfficeID=11"><i>Pennsylvania Department of State</i>, "2012 General Primary Unofficial Returns," April 24, 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2010election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2008election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2006election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2004election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2002election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2000election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1998election.pdf"><i>U.S. Congress House Clerk</i>, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quotedisclaimer-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_122-0">122.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_122-1">122.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.bobbrady.us/issues/"><i>Bob Brady for Congress</i>, "Issues," accessed March 17, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/CIDsummary.php?CID=N00001619&year=2012"><i>Open Secrets</i>, "Brady, 2012," accessed January 14, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/a/ballotpedia.org/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AmrQhCgFokf8dFczQjBwUnF2bFNMUDVsUmktejdCd3c&usp=drive_web#gid=11">Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet</a> for more information on this calculation.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.census.gov/mycd/"><i>Census.gov</i>, "My Congressional District," accessed September 24, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cycle=Career&type=I&cid=N00001373&newMem=N"><i>OpenSecrets.org</i>, "Rep. Robert Brady," accessed September 24, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/robert_brady/400047"><i>GovTrack</i>, "Rep. Robert Brady," accessed July 23, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/robert_brady/400047"><i>GovTrack</i>, "Rep. Robert Brady," accessed May 16, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160225051801/http://www.opencongress.org/people/show/400047_Robert_Brady"><i>OpenCongress</i>, "Rep. Robert Brady," archived February 25, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/robert_brady/400047"><i>GovTrack</i>, "Robert Brady," accessed October 19, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.legistorm.com/member/2801/Rep_Robert_A._Brady.html"><i>LegiStorm</i>, "Robert A. Brady," accessed September 24, 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaljournal.com/2013-vote-ratings"><i>National Journal</i>, "TABLE: House liberal scores by issue area," July 23, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-vote-ratings/table-house-liberal-scores-by-issue-area-20130221"><i>National Journal</i>, "TABLE: House liberal scores by issue area," February 21, 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaljournal.com/voteratings2011/searchable-vote-ratings-tables-house-20120223"><i>National Journal</i>, "Searchable vote ratings tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140722132843/http://www.opencongress.org/people/votes_with_party/house/democrat"><i>OpenCongress</i>, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140722132843/http://www.opencongress.org/people/votes_with_party/house/democrat"><i>OpenCongress</i>, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140722132843/http://www.opencongress.org/people/votes_with_party/house/democrat"><i>OpenCongress</i>, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ballotpedia's list of superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention is based on our own research and lists provided by the Democratic National Committee to Vox.com in <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/2/22/11070364/list-all-superdelegates">February 2016</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://cdn1.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/6622695/Unpledged_Delegate_List_5.27.16.0.pdf">May 2016</a>. If you think we made an error in identifying superdelegates, please send an email to <b><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:Federal@ballotpedia.org">editor@ballotpedia.org</a></b>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/news/2016/04/28/hillary-clinton-pennsylvania-superdelegate.html"><i>Philadelphia Business Journal</i>, "PoliticsPA: Hillary secures all of Pennsylvania's superdelegates," April 28, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>To find out which candidate a superdelegate supported, Ballotpedia sought out public statements from the superdelegate in other media outlets and on social media. If we were unable to find a public statement that clearly articulated which candidate the superdelegate supported at the national convention, we listed that superdelegate as "unknown." If you believe we made an error in identifying which candidate a superdelegate supported, please email us at <b><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:Federal@ballotpedia.org">editor@ballotpedia.org</a></b>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-145">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42533"><i>Congressional Research Service</i>, "The Presidential Nominating Process and the National Party Conventions, 2016: Frequently Asked Questions," December 30, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apdem-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-apdem_146-0">146.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-apdem_146-1">146.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/c/ce/Appendix_B_-_Allocation_Chart_1.29.16.pdf.pdf"><i>Democratic National Committee</i>, "2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation," updated February 19, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-147">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P16/D"><i>The Green Papers</i>, "2016 Democratic Convention," accessed May 7, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://cdn1.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/6622695/Unpledged_Delegate_List_5.27.16.0.pdf"><i>Democratic National Committee's Office of Party Affairs and Delegate Selection</i>, "Unpledged Delegates -- By State," May 27, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://brady.house.gov/about-me/full-biography"><i>House.gov</i>, "Robert Brady," accessed December 9, 2013</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Preceded by<br /><b>Thomas M. Foglietta</b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>U.S. House of Representatives - Pennsylvania District 1</b><br />1998–2019 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<br /><b><a href="/Brian_Fitzpatrick" title="Brian Fitzpatrick">Brian Fitzpatrick</a> (R)</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><style> .leg-hnt-container { width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; clear: both; padding: 2px; font-size: 90%; text-align: center; } .leg-hnt-flex-row { display: flex; break-inside: avoid-column; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; } .leg-hnt-flex-column { display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 2px 0; } .leg-hnt-title { font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf; padding: 2px 0; } .leg-hnt-leadership { padding-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; } .leg-hnt-leadership-title { display: block; font-weight: 500; } .leg-hnt-leadership > div { flex: 0 0 175px; } .leg-hnt-district-number { font-weight: 500; } .leg-hnt-responsive-columns { column-width: 175px; column-count: auto; column-gap: 1em; column-rule: 1px solid #aaa; } .leg-hnt-section-title { font-weight: bold; margin: 3px 0; } .leg-hnt-flex-item { margin: 0 5px; } .leg-hnt-border-top { border-top: 1px solid #aaa; margin-top: 5px; padding-top: 5px; } .leg-hnt-toggle-text { float: right; } .leg-hnt-hide { display: none; } .leg-hnt-district-container { display: inline-block; break-inside: avoid-column; width: 100%; flex: 0 0 150px; margin: 5px auto; } </style> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="leg-hnt-container"> <div><a class="leg-hnt-toggle-text" id="leg-hnt-toggle67c3b6b665690" title="Click to show the current delegation">[show]</a></div> <div class="leg-hnt-title"><a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Pennsylvania" target="_blank">Pennsylvania's current delegation</a> to the <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_Congress" target="_blank">United States Congress</a></div> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-column leg-hnt-hide" id="leg-hnt-content67c3b6b665690"> <div class="leg-hnt-section-title">Senators</div> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-row"> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-item"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/John_Fetterman" title="John" fetterman="">John Fetterman</a> (D)</div> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-item"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/David_McCormick_(Pennsylvania)" title="David" mccormick="">David McCormick</a> (R)</div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-section-title leg-hnt-border-top">Representatives</div> <div class="leg-hnt-responsive-columns"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 1</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Brian_Fitzpatrick" title="Brian Fitzpatrick">Brian Fitzpatrick</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 2</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Brendan_Boyle" title="Brendan Boyle">Brendan Boyle</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 3</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Dwight_Evans" title="Dwight Evans">Dwight Evans</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 4</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Madeleine_Dean" title="Madeleine Dean">Madeleine Dean</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 5</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Mary_Gay_Scanlon" title="Mary Scanlon">Mary Scanlon</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 6</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Chrissy_Houlahan" title="Chrissy Houlahan">Chrissy Houlahan</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 7</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Ryan_Mackenzie" title="Ryan Mackenzie">Ryan Mackenzie</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 8</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Rob_Bresnahan_Jr." title="Rob Bresnahan">Rob Bresnahan</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 9</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Dan_Meuser" title="Dan Meuser">Dan Meuser</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 10</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Scott_Perry" title="Scott Perry">Scott Perry</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 11</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Lloyd_Smucker" title="Lloyd Smucker">Lloyd Smucker</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 12</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Summer_Lee" title="Summer Lee">Summer Lee</a> (D) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 13</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/John_Joyce_(Pennsylvania)" title="John Joyce">John Joyce</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 14</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Guy_Reschenthaler" title="Guy Reschenthaler">Guy Reschenthaler</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 15</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Glenn_Thompson_(Pennsylvania)" title="Glenn Thompson">Glenn Thompson</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 16</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Mike_Kelly_(Pennsylvania)" title="Mike Kelly">Mike Kelly</a> (R) </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-district-container"> <div class="leg-hnt-district-number">District 17</div> <div> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Chris_Deluzio" title="Chris Deluzio">Chris Deluzio</a> (D) </div> </div> </div> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-row leg-hnt-border-top"> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-item">Republican Party (11)</div> <div class="leg-hnt-flex-item">Democratic Party (8)</div> </div> </div> </div> <p><script> document.getElementById('leg-hnt-toggle67c3b6b665690').addEventListener('click', event => { if (document.getElementById('leg-hnt-content67c3b6b665690').classList.contains('leg-hnt-hide')) { document.getElementById('leg-hnt-content67c3b6b665690').classList.remove('leg-hnt-hide'); event.srcElement.innerText = '[hide]'; } else { document.getElementById('leg-hnt-content67c3b6b665690').classList.add('leg-hnt-hide'); event.srcElement.innerText = '[show]'; } }); </script> </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="margin-top:auto; font-size:84%;"> <tbody><tr style="color:inherit;"> <td style="width:75px; background-color:#fff; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/File:675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" class="image" title="Flag of Pennsylvania"><img alt="Flag of Pennsylvania" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/16/675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png/75px-675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="thumbborder" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/16/675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png/113px-675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/16/675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png/150px-675px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal; background:#B0C4DE;"><div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:6em;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;"><a href="/Template:Pennsylvania" title="Template:Pennsylvania"><span title="View this template" style=";">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Pennsylvania&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:150%; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="United States">State</a> of <a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></b></span><br clear="all" /><b><a href="/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a></b> (<a href="/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States"><span style="color:inherit;">capital</span></a>)</th></tr><tr><th style="background:#B0C4DE; color:inherit; font-size:100%; padding:2px;"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">Elections</a></th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">What's on my ballot?</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Pennsylvania_elections,_2025" title="Pennsylvania elections, 2025">Elections in 2025</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Voting_in_Pennsylvania" title="Voting in Pennsylvania">How to vote</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Ballot_access_requirements_for_political_candidates_in_Pennsylvania" title="Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Pennsylvania">How to run for office</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/List_of_Pennsylvania_ballot_measures" title="List of Pennsylvania ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></span> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="background:#B0C4DE; color:inherit; font-size:100%; padding:2px;"><a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Government</a></th> <td style="background:#eee;"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Who_represents_me" title="Who represents me">Who represents me?</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Pennsylvania" title="United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania">U.S. Congress</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Federal_courts_by_state#Pennsylvania" title="Federal courts by state">Federal courts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Pennsylvania_state_executive_offices" title="Pennsylvania state executive offices">State executives</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Pennsylvania_State_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania State Legislature">State legislature</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Courts_in_Pennsylvania" title="Courts in Pennsylvania">State and local courts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Counties_in_Pennsylvania" title="Counties in Pennsylvania">Counties</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Cities_in_Pennsylvania" title="Cities in Pennsylvania">Cities</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/List_of_school_districts_in_Pennsylvania" title="List of school districts in Pennsylvania">School districts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Public_policy_in_Pennsylvania" title="Public policy in Pennsylvania">Public policy</a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Congress" title="Template:Congress"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Congress&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">Background</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> • <a href="/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> • <a href="/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a> • <a href="/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee">Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</a> • <a href="/National_Republican_Congressional_Committee" title="National Republican Congressional Committee">National Republican Congressional Committee</a> • <a href="/Lifetime_voting_records_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives">Lifetime voting records</a> • <a href="/Net_Worth_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Net Worth of United States Senators and Representatives">Net Worth of United States Senators and Representatives</a> • <a href="/Staff_salaries_of_United_States_Senators_and_Representatives" title="Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives">Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives</a> • <a href="/Filing_requirements_for_congressional_candidates" title="Filing requirements for congressional candidates">Filing requirements for congressional candidates</a> • <a href="/Filling_vacancies_in_the_U.S._Senate" title="Filling vacancies in the U.S. Senate">Filling vacancies in the U.S. Senate</a> • <a href="/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Classes of United States Senators</a> • <a href="/President_of_the_U.S._Senate" title="President of the U.S. Senate">President Pro Tempore of the Senate</a> • <a href="/United_States_Speaker_of_the_House" title="United States Speaker of the House">United States Speaker of the House</a> • <a href="/Filibuster" class="mw-redirect" title="Filibuster">Filibuster</a></div></td><td style="width:1%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding-left:0.5em;" rowspan="31"><a href="/Legislative_Branch" title="Legislative Branch"><img alt="CongressLogo.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/100px-CongressLogo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="101" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/150px-CongressLogo.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/CongressLogo.png/200px-CongressLogo.png 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1282" /></a></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;"><a href="/List_of_current_members_of_the_U.S._Congress" title="List of current members of the U.S. Congress">States' delegations</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Alabama" title="United States congressional delegations from Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Alaska" title="United States congressional delegations from Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Arizona" title="United States congressional delegations from Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Arkansas" title="United States congressional delegations from Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_California" title="United States congressional delegations from California">California</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Colorado" title="United States congressional delegations from Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Connecticut" title="United States congressional delegations from Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Delaware" title="United States congressional delegations from Delaware">Delaware</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Florida" title="United States congressional delegations from Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Georgia" title="United States congressional delegations from Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Hawaii" title="United States congressional delegations from Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Idaho" title="United States congressional delegations from Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Illinois" title="United States congressional delegations from Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Indiana" title="United States congressional delegations from Indiana">Indiana</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Iowa" title="United States congressional delegations from Iowa">Iowa</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Kansas" title="United States congressional delegations from Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Kentucky" title="United States congressional delegations from Kentucky">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Louisiana" title="United States congressional delegations from Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Maine" title="United States congressional delegations from Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Maryland" title="United States congressional delegations from Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Massachusetts" title="United States congressional delegations from Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Michigan" title="United States congressional delegations from Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Minnesota" title="United States congressional delegations from Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Mississippi" title="United States congressional delegations from Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Missouri" title="United States congressional delegations from Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Montana" title="United States congressional delegations from Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Nebraska" title="United States congressional delegations from Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Nevada" title="United States congressional delegations from Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_New_Hampshire" title="United States congressional delegations from New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_New_Jersey" title="United States congressional delegations from New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_New_Mexico" title="United States congressional delegations from New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_New_York" title="United States congressional delegations from New York">New York</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_North_Carolina" title="United States congressional delegations from North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_North_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Ohio" title="United States congressional delegations from Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Oklahoma" title="United States congressional delegations from Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Oregon" title="United States congressional delegations from Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Pennsylvania" title="United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Rhode_Island" title="United States congressional delegations from Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_South_Carolina" title="United States congressional delegations from South Carolina">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_South_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Tennessee" title="United States congressional delegations from Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Texas" title="United States congressional delegations from Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Utah" title="United States congressional delegations from Utah">Utah</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Vermont" title="United States congressional delegations from Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Virginia" title="United States congressional delegations from Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Washington" title="United States congressional delegations from Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_West_Virginia" title="United States congressional delegations from West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Wisconsin" title="United States congressional delegations from Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Wyoming" title="United States congressional delegations from Wyoming">Wyoming</a> • <a href="/United_States_congressional_non-voting_members" title="United States congressional non-voting members">Non-voting members</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">Special elections</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_119th_United_States_Congress_(2025-2026)" title="Special elections to the 119th United States Congress (2025-2026)">2025-2026</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">2023-2024</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_117th_United_States_Congress_(2021-2022)" title="Special elections to the 117th United States Congress (2021-2022)">2021-2022</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_116th_United_States_Congress_(2019-2020)" title="Special elections to the 116th United States Congress (2019-2020)">2019-2020</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_115th_United_States_Congress_(2017-2018)" title="Special elections to the 115th United States Congress (2017-2018)">2017-2018</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_114th_United_States_Congress_(2015-2016)" title="Special elections to the 114th United States Congress (2015-2016)">2015-2016</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_113th_United_States_Congress_(2013-2014)" title="Special elections to the 113th United States Congress (2013-2014)">2013-2014</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2026</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2026" title="United States Congress elections, 2026">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2026" title="United States Senate elections, 2026">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2026" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2026">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_congressional_candidates_in_the_2026_elections" title="List of congressional candidates in the 2026 elections">Candidates running for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2024</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2024" title="United States Senate elections, 2024">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2024">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_congressional_candidates_in_the_2024_elections" title="List of congressional candidates in the 2024 elections">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2022</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2022" title="United States Congress elections, 2022">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2022" title="United States Senate elections, 2022">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2022" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2022">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_congressional_candidates_in_the_2022_elections" title="List of congressional candidates in the 2022 elections">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2020</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2020" title="United States Congress elections, 2020">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2020" title="United States Senate elections, 2020">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2020" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2020">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_candidates_running_in_U.S._Congress_elections,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="List of candidates running in U.S. Congress elections, 2020">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2018</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2018" title="United States Congress elections, 2018">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2018" title="United States Senate elections, 2018">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2018" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2018">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_candidates_running_in_U.S._Congress_elections,_2018" class="mw-redirect" title="List of candidates running in U.S. Congress elections, 2018">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2016</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/U.S._Congress_elections,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress elections, 2016">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/U.S._Senate_elections,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate elections, 2016">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/U.S._House_elections,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House elections, 2016">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_candidates_running_in_U.S._Congress_elections,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="List of candidates running in U.S. Congress elections, 2016">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">2014</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/U.S._Congress_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress elections, 2014">Congress Elections</a> • <a href="/U.S._Senate_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate elections, 2014">Senate Elections</a> • <a href="/U.S._House_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House elections, 2014">House Elections</a> • <a href="/List_of_candidates_running_in_U.S._Congress_elections,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="List of candidates running in U.S. Congress elections, 2014">Candidates who ran for Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">Sessions</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/119th_United_States_Congress" title="119th United States Congress">119th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th United States Congress</a> • <a href="/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th United States Congress</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">Joint Congressional committees</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Deficit_Reduction" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Deficit Reduction">Deficit Reduction</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Printing">Printing</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Taxation">Taxation</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library">Library</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_Joint_Economic_Committee" title="United States Congress Joint Economic Committee">Economic</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">U.S. Senate Committees</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Aging_(Special)" title="United States Senate Committee on Aging (Special)">Aging</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Appropriations</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs">Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on Budget">Budget</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Commerce,_Science_and_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation">Commerce, Science and Transportation</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources">Energy and Natural Resources</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Environment and Public Works</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Ethics_(Select)" title="United States Senate Committee on Ethics (Select)">Ethics (Select)</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Finance</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Foreign Relations</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Health,_Education,_Labor,_and_Pensions" title="United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions">Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Homeland_Security_and_Governmental_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs">Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Indian_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs">Indian Affairs</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Intelligence_(Select)" title="United States Senate Committee on Intelligence (Select)">Intelligence (Select)</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">Rules and Administration</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a> • <a href="/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Veterans%27_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs">Veterans' Affairs</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;">U.S. House Committees</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Agriculture" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Agriculture">Agriculture</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Appropriations">Appropriations</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Budget" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Budget">Budget</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Education and the Workforce">Education and the Workforce</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce">Energy and Commerce</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Ethics" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Ethics">Ethics</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Financial_Services" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Financial Services">Financial Services</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Foreign Affairs">Foreign Affairs</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Homeland Security">Homeland Security</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on House Administration">House Administration</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Intelligence_(Permanent_Select)" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Intelligence (Permanent Select)">Intelligence (Permanent Select)</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Judiciary" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Judiciary">Judiciary</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Natural_Resources" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Natural Resources">Natural Resources</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">United States House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Rules" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Rules">Rules</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Science,_Space,_and_Technology" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Science, Space, and Technology">Science, Space, and Technology</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Small_Business" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Small Business">Small Business</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure">Transportation and Infrastructure</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Veterans%27_Affairs" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Veterans' Affairs">Veterans' Affairs</a> • <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" title="United States House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Means">Ways and Means</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;"><a href="/Super_PAC" title="Super PAC">Super PACs</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/American_Bridge_21st_Century" title="American Bridge 21st Century">American Bridge 21st Century</a> • <a href="/American_Crossroads" title="American Crossroads">American Crossroads</a> • <a href="/American_Unity_PAC" title="American Unity PAC">American Unity PAC</a> • <a href="/Campaign_for_Primary_Accountability" title="Campaign for Primary Accountability">Campaign for Primary Accountability</a> • <a href="/Club_for_Growth_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="Club for Growth Action">Club for Growth Action</a> • <a href="/Congressional_Leadership_Fund" title="Congressional Leadership Fund">Congressional Leadership Fund</a> • <a href="/Cooperative_of_American_Physicians_IE_Committee" title="Cooperative of American Physicians IE Committee">Cooperative of American Physicians IE Committee</a>• <a href="/Crossroads_Generation" title="Crossroads Generation">Crossroads Generation</a> • <a href="/Ending_Spending_Action_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Ending Spending Action Fund">Ending Spending Action Fund</a> • <a href="/Endorse_Liberty" title="Endorse Liberty">Endorse Liberty</a> • <a href="/Fair_Share_Action" title="Fair Share Action">Fair Share Action</a> • <a href="/FreedomWorks_for_America" title="FreedomWorks for America">FreedomWorks for America</a> • <a href="/Government_Integrity_Fund" title="Government Integrity Fund">Government Integrity Fund</a> • <a href="/House_Majority_PAC" title="House Majority PAC">House Majority PAC</a> • <a href="/Independence_USA_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence USA Fund">Independence USA Fund</a> • <a href="/League_of_Conservation_Voters" title="League of Conservation Voters">League of Conservation Voters</a> • <a href="/Liberty_for_All_PAC" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty for All PAC">Liberty for All PAC</a> • <a href="/Senate_Majority_PAC" title="Senate Majority PAC">Senate Majority PAC</a> • <a href="/National_Association_of_Realtors" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Realtors">National Association of Realtors</a> • <a href="/NEA_Advocacy_Fund" title="NEA Advocacy Fund">NEA Advocacy Fund</a> • <a href="/NextGen_Climate_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="NextGen Climate Action">NextGen Climate Action</a> • <a href="/Now_or_Never_PAC" title="Now or Never PAC">Now or Never PAC</a> • <a href="/Planned_Parenthood_Votes" title="Planned Parenthood Votes">Planned Parenthood Votes</a> • <a href="/Ready_for_Hillary" class="mw-redirect" title="Ready for Hillary">Ready for Hillary</a> • <a href="/Republican_Jewish_Coalition_Victory_Fund" title="Republican Jewish Coalition Victory Fund">Republican Jewish Coalition Victory Fund</a> • <a href="/Restore_America%27s_Voice_PAC" title="Restore America's Voice PAC">Restore America's Voice PAC</a> • <a href="/Service_Employees_International_Union_Pea-Federal" class="mw-redirect" title="Service Employees International Union Pea-Federal">SEIU Pea-Federal</a> • <a href="/Women_Vote!" title="Women Vote!">Women Vote!</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee; padding:0.3em;"><a href="/Personal_Gain_Index_(U.S._Congress)" title="Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)">Personal Gain Index</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Changes_in_Net_Worth_of_U.S._Senators_and_Representatives_(Personal_Gain_Index)" title="Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index)">Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives</a> • <a href="/The_Donation_Concentration_Metric_(U.S._Congress_Personal_Gain_Index)" title="The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)">The Donation Concentration Metric</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;" colspan="2" 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