CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913400a5facbf8d0',cH: 'lfRzR0U.yiTUQLk8BQUAf80cfhA0TfxIGbmmNZ9ag2k-1739776697-1.2.1.1-FdDYxrTo_D6rIg6KptpZV15FrOFOY3uIg67lqhFjAntHlZT7FFb6utbj8wQV_kzL',cUPMDTk: "\/15520\/iso690?__cf_chl_tk=JdYAYUEZXsq5Xy2xD3nn6saWT6LJC9F5sYlK8yhQYKE-1739776697-1.0.1.1-CNebAP4XbeWajiBg1vn3NO8S4qwMIVXUilMoYLXI1TE",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739776697',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/15520\/iso690?__cf_chl_f_tk=JdYAYUEZXsq5Xy2xD3nn6saWT6LJC9F5sYlK8yhQYKE-1739776697-1.0.1.1-CNebAP4XbeWajiBg1vn3NO8S4qwMIVXUilMoYLXI1TE",md: "i2CsjXk.r4fdv1Df2qbBPa95.TL_BNDyD44RcNbwudM-1739776697-1.2.1.1-xkPi6h9WblxTt41my7Yh.1IyKg3JYTDCUYeFRSJEtmGIuKOh8DK2aurn5LTPQKyGkSVQQJq2eLmjYx6gA.tKi8LFGFx0OcoOQsmMMkYf0NZx1ayeSUQ_Jq.t2.6GkJpu9DiVyCQ2tuAN9npko2hEkBcrjz34lQ9OxWqIzPC0tR8n3GxHPPGMBFtRA_prcSgZXwg4iL4MndEldknvKg36D0H4po15Q2UTj5cgx_xgaG9S8YQEp.SaCeLPnDxiNuwqPLYJNtyZu.X2bdhecW6dwX3UOUXqkFJTaIKPLOlD8YFNoK7u.QJgdgVyM83.IW6jNhE8mZuprr6DCC7Y9HDj7q23Cpuz6K388zeL1svu3SAzcB6pWL8a9AP1iMR.IOBzCqnVJtrPZPFDG25ozmW4Q_CVsXctbuVDxJDzUcAaCJ5KZqcKipNusZW0pwFZkVet3uMlikXxpO9oKbPXtkVBMz5zRRXECaDp7LZ46NvlZMB6zebizeOn31CKTLTa2RVNeLZWa9OSCj7BspqER7bGGrRmeXWN1Nn5haLeRiJbT5O1GGstTVcfyVM83O8WmVQY.rXYkrG9tdgJuqfani2kV6WkpsnXbz7XP4dB4q1nTWkF8XCxAA1rI6wdD9BJgbIEeXi1wn1W2w3.e7225czop8k8aF7ZQbY.Snoph1WpZZ7npsiIPQBzK0pzuqNOck2Gtosjx.ymCM7qwmi71ZNKxYP_TM2nMd2aBvod1WUs0goVVIIC6jRAVCu.XdRfSfRZHEhEQpW_Z26ReW7kwwpUsVL6cUA48V91Q7FQqsLqJ1pftW6ziFSAkmd.PhqtbRaEewXaJZofKuDEA54l5LZ46sgp5jNK_solrEY0ASELJfPknvX82Ih_nr8K13CvTGd.afmi.VB646HPjMOwN6dzZfPw9ZaR_KfTNySNXQRMm.HLBjPMvPpWWhb5P7fyR0Sgln85ZIDR.eyEi5l9E1rzfRJ1pJeRrPOQf2Mj65eb92Hl1gr3vnI455UJcRAZ6a6fdUfXA82OUiKfgCQzlTpbrvDXSuYYzFXWtwv6a3t_rInFo01bCiPjrB9VstJWG2fSztedoqPIsDVUNJwM3OMtkg6pzVZBZmr5eJQb4XGlkyo1Um2a7jSh5xLhApI4C6dFYBn42Wp1oOL2I3CIw3EDj2FTRQDiwZEtFLjIQVi4R5bPf6laNRJaZUX3vVmLQVAyNDY_XWpWikaHLlP.j3WzRdchFtC0IuYelaQ96kB4QmrXFZ9xBxmL92yUqUEqciYkgzN3gsaBhvFOKQ8fn.HERttxLBHqYZ3TmV3i7sQrUWqTqgrwiQzcPzlz4mkngrsGUr6INTyLFAiaT31hJUQtm6kCiMHlQ2du8lBpnKBGuE..KYs6PdKzPIxL_JwVf1jy5SDWy8VNtrDcQUPXP6lLDXjNQWh4T5Whrp.vhfYh1Bf0KKx.dtFl.MY2GmQBW5BpbCZ8SjcZYHhvJwHaZ6n_C8qTd_hY3l4xNuSI_NepKVDVz.HVHEvB2TrWO0soQ7ocoiDXtUXvrWwAr1uyOkG8KVtOjVqgl3yIG0qOGYiq4DZPYcyjkgZr0EUV8oPlkVDEmpTdzrUlW5cVgR3f5DzQagdqxpVuhJzbe0_0tVil6BSeWqqesIq0.K_ET1RJgK26JC7ojfRmaEcz9SK7L92kmxCH8o4SqBs.brMeIcTDw_gitpUa6sq8Y6fwl8QDKTKWXX2lZ3J4_bQAcfqE3U0o5N4McsEDt74S.T9Q82MvLnT6BdVIVHFyj7ImSpP7sKbOa.uUblw22Cy92LpQ1veBUEylG0_OBgrN3sAjZPiiVcXNanVVqnhQjwTUS4294vu29pKzCtOlYlc2WtY67g1a8wPD0OsoRbcMuQ8RtwvujxY",mdrd: "Qu.6nTKjC89n4WTAQv9FeJL9s2EEf_XQoPqHmxZSdic-1739776697-1.2.1.1-NVbr5p2tU_Fd8a1nFNGJdnhd5i_YHoAeDl.qSXqaUXUtJxmyairnvjxdZtpKKPHc3pePVcRlCU62N3yB6Si3D_7eM1NSTpWdLdoNUe_HDOOe6IwRQcut1pO5n1768oNOTUOXUhaPJYA9LqQPWptsPv.bHztpSGVDvImtklkZnYI36zvS96B4.9fTziRy7ONoNMQDTe3zxPJ2DArxJxuTM5I3yvIRbGPFeUsNRZv2AvnrDL8efwIIn8fHdGrxcd0wpJkwnrd0tgrNI9M8DoqNSpA7FYklESeFbfwj3dGpTyVpCX6M.7DWcvCuWuiZDRr3a41DpO8fSiYy1RV33Jygd1pvS2wX_6ySH8lslHEz6R.F5IHkHXewj7XZgDfjLkT2mPkb5qdbTUp8boj7N.gRBXXMYVZyDNmCuHffw67WcuEDXKi3CP_57bSOYaDPkzjhKePlmjAWvS3Md1idbc8sdekNf4Pn7B.gXxkJnAMLKYDTcNpM_sSVlNVlYp4V_9VsiJ6IwMoZ4iTHrwBtw.x1rKMALrHYfERBQjZYmoaJucmDBqgyYzDK.0mg23HAbbTbyY9kbaeZu_ZJ7JA.kv5kQZsuZ1dgdYB34wvkTyHgdfHEUkEWP6BBrv6db6qUn6yuB1cPvFofd5H8_uIexbwO3p.rb0uMyTwH0Em3Uh4HL__Fs0wkuV5tnE5wJ__5CSP8u8PQQA80C5DSAtrjkVqRs.asy7zTjfskIvbb1SgxKYxseQ63NNK0FVuUUP5kP9DoZMExLSFIeefxZXNAvWtwN7gWoQh3mVHCoFhn7GkF_0ruxnhucBHMTCxcju178aIKRTxUgrzGYnV8XEwmOp4lPlT0hJXcCyAziZia1JFHB6U1qGY7HtjPL8eKik1Oywzy7WZCJlm8XJHE9bAndSKvjl7iS5vdpXMqHMaRQJVwVPETFnzI7q.uXgH_yBSOGCo8TUtBrpt7HrlnobktCOsijMYM3HEmuOA2f_5b2ns3JNtFBNwwM3kL6hB4GU6mzHcHfDbd0AxJWFTFifSlzbvESOfeSoh8nr16HvIgDzjrJwFjP51W6FxpwQejInTwdjIqCEFsOA6axb2oscgW1I.n7Md3mfJs2O_ljZ8ctkWxqbbZK_v5xr4IvUN31nUuuJesVr2FbA93pMdWpV4RK0gYLJslKjn1b0s7ha1CWGr8_HcifYXk7vjTptKIBWmUVJxyvNRrFpI2Pbzvu18hGMqrfUrLMAF4SD0ZiEcOTfgiXsYNRSiEYLdMN.TiIqJpmptWFFE7QkPXgNn71j2UzPTi22uyYRflFOsA0DaxAW37LuPZuwVxySEOiAOavZcHUMNC5tHYTYN5MCq.dMyO7AWkU5Oloqg0EpgT7x3wFhuOFdO_Pwde2CvkXFgLkFlro8NikGs7MglG.cokNQ11Vy07fMhvGrfsmZfX6bBQA.rLrGlj_fbf62E9rknfPJVNlijismTZs2.vZviVIGIXDDaD7VToRNAoYKoOLgfxfgsE811ruUfDLy0ThiyURNmZVLhCJSXlt70psYeUfOMR7ns6MBGB6VHhokIy2Q8cnDg.1OxOPo0jj4i1zLT9JM.IMAhNv9Fnx3Yqs7ZQfJaSWAkS.cash1fbfnZ1.pzEYMYfXI0UIW8rYFI8DvG9B6iL6NACYDDpnen2VKa04hKvWhP7vZuBG46LDr9tIqRnNjqT6kQjL7TdoDaESu623jvqABsifkAkriHWgp9QAIQV85LEknUkVVTIWS9yRuoBt4iovY033.2QYSZyOUsgOU0A8kI3rGo4.mZylP_9mdtKoKl29qScfn.WPKjmKsXhMsDPytpPdIldhz6PkxY8unHRMzkZ3bTSXf9vQXkRhTFnPavYlk_Ol23rRhOynmKwYV4FLPq5hATy5Hs2FInruUXRHsc9TyBM3Kels2DxWyYrMTwWrn7ykM58GFkkHL3ofMHGcaVFs_Cl4OTZ0ONNwkUyvdy0cXI6fedM6mhgmNmrW2X2Rw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913400a5facbf8d0';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/15520\/iso690?__cf_chl_rt_tk=JdYAYUEZXsq5Xy2xD3nn6saWT6LJC9F5sYlK8yhQYKE-1739776697-1.0.1.1-CNebAP4XbeWajiBg1vn3NO8S4qwMIVXUilMoYLXI1TE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>