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</div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">公共服务</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。38种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="خدمة عمومية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خدمة عمومية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servijo%C3%B9_publik" title="Servijoù publik – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Servijoù publik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servei_p%C3%BAblic" title="Servei públic – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servei públic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Veřejná služba – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Veřejná služba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daseinsvorsorge" title="Daseinsvorsorge – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Daseinsvorsorge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Δημόσια υπηρεσία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημόσια υπηρεσία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_service" title="Public service – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Public service" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publika_servo" title="Publika servo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Publika servo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_p%C3%BAblico" title="Servicio público – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio público" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalik_teenus" title="Avalik teenus – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Avalik teenus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zerbitzu_publiko" title="Zerbitzu publiko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zerbitzu publiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="خدمات عمومی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدمات عمومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julkinen_palvelu_Suomessa" title="Julkinen palvelu Suomessa – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Julkinen palvelu Suomessa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_public" title="Service public – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Service public" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99" title="שירות ציבורי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שירות ציבורי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelayanan_publik" title="Pelayanan publik – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pelayanan publik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinber_%C3%BEj%C3%B3nusta" title="Opinber þjónusta – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Opinber þjónusta" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizio_pubblico" title="Servizio pubblico – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Servizio pubblico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9" title="公共サービス – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="公共サービス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%88" title="សេវាសាធារណៈ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សេវាសាធារណៈ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B3%B5_%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4" title="공공 서비스 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공공 서비스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Јавна услуга – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јавна услуга" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkhidmatan_awam" title="Perkhidmatan awam – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perkhidmatan awam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servici_public" title="Servici public – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Servici public" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Us%C5%82ugi_publiczne" title="Usługi publiczne – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Usługi publiczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_p%C3%BAblico" title="Serviço público – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço público" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviciu_public" title="Serviciu public – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Serviciu public" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Государственная услуга – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Государственная услуга" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almmola%C5%A1_b%C3%A1lvalus" title="Almmolaš bálvalus – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Almmolaš bálvalus" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javne_slu%C5%BEbe" title="Javne službe – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Javne službe" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javna_slu%C5%BEba" title="Javna služba – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Javna služba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Јавне услуге – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јавне услуге" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0" title="บริการสาธารณะ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บริการสาธารณะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamu_hizmeti" title="Kamu hizmeti – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kamu hizmeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Публічні послуги – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Публічні послуги" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servisio_publego" title="Servisio publego – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Servisio publego" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%8Bch_v%E1%BB%A5_c%C3%B4ng" title="Dịch vụ công – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dịch vụ công" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbisyo_sibil" title="Serbisyo sibil – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Serbisyo sibil" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161837#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&oldid=80262612" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&id=80262612&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%25B1%25E6%259C%258D%25E5%258A%25A1"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%25B1%25E6%259C%258D%25E5%258A%25A1"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Public_services" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161837" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照外語維基百科相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年8月6日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年5月19日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="Talk:公共服务">討論頁</a>。<br />另見其他<a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:需要政治专家关注的页面">需要政治專家關注的頁面</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>公共服务</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Public Service</span>，簡稱PS），是指以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%AB%94" class="mw-disambig" title="共同體">共同體</a>（<span lang="en">community</span>）全體成員為對象的服務<b><sup id="cite_ref-McGregor1982_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGregor1982-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b>。通常由<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="政府">政府</a>，藉由<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%83%A8%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="公共部門">公共部門</a>，或間接的方式，提供給其轄地的的居民。政府轄地的居民的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5" title="收入">收入</a>水平或智力水平高低不在考慮範圍內，所有人都有資格享受服務。作為服務<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="管理">管理</a>的一部分，這包括為公眾提供<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="公共設施">公共設施</a>，即交通運輸、天然氣供應、供水和供電、垃圾處理、污水處理、教育和文化設施、醫院、墓地、游泳池、消防隊等基礎設施，但公共服務亦包括無形的部分，如提供安全保障、社會福利、職業培訓等等，涵蓋範圍比公共設施更廣泛。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E6%B2%BB" title="善治">良善治理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="基礎設施">基礎設施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="新公共管理">新公共管理</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%AD%A6" title="公共行政学">行政學</a>學派，認為政府是公共服務的提供者，而人民為服務的顧客。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McGregor1982-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGregor1982_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">McGregor Jr., Eugene B.; Campbell, Alan K.; Macy, Anthony itua; Cleveland, Harlan. Symposium: The Public Service as Institution. Public Administration Review (Washington). July–August 1982, <b>42</b> (4): 304–320. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/i240003"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR i240003</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F975969"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.2307/975969</span></a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/197199863">197199863</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&rft.atitle=Symposium%3A+The+Public+Service+as+Institution&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Alan+K.&rft.au=Cleveland%2C+Harlan&rft.au=Macy%2C+Anthony+itua&rft.aufirst=Eugene+B.&rft.aulast=McGregor+Jr.&rft.date=1982-07%2F1982-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Public+Administration+Review&rft.pages=304-320&rft.volume=42&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fi240003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F975969&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/public+service">Definition of PUBLIC SERVICE</a>. www.merriam-webster.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-08-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322160659/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/public+service">存档</a>于2016-03-22） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span 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a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="Template:公共服务"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:公共服务（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:公共服务"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="公共服务" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">公共服务</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="公有化">公有化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%89%E5%8C%96" title="國有化">国有化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AF%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="累进税">累进税</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="自由文化運動">自由文化运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E5%A0%B1%E7%B4%99" title="免費報紙">免费报纸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E6%A8%A3%E5%93%81" title="商品樣品">商品樣品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="公共行政">公共行政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%A2%86%E5%9F%9F" title="公共领域">公共领域</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="公共卫生">公共卫生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%88%A9%E7%9B%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="公共利益">公共利益</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共土地" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public land"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共土地（页面不存在）">公共土地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_land" class="extiw" title="en:Public land"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public land</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%89" class="mw-redirect" title="國有">公共所有权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="公共政策">公共政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%87%87%E8%B4%AD" title="政府采购">公共采购</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共价值" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public value"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共价值（页面不存在）">公共价值</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_value" class="extiw" title="en:Public value"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public value</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="公共空間">公共空間</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">基本服务</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8B%99%E5%93%A1" title="公務員">公务员制度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E9%98%B2%E9%83%A8%E9%96%80" title="消防部門">消防部門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%B7%E6%B3%95" title="執法">執法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AE%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="邮件">邮政服务</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="郵政儲金" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Postal savings system"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%B5%E6%94%BF%E5%84%B2%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="郵政儲金（页面不存在）">郵政儲金</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal_savings_system" class="extiw" title="en:Postal savings system"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Postal savings system</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="公共廣播">公共广播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="公共交通">公共交通</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全民基本服务" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Universal basic services"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全民基本服务（页面不存在）">全民基本服务</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_basic_services" class="extiw" title="en:Universal basic services"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Universal basic services</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%8B%E4%B8%9A" title="公用事业">公用事业</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共供电" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electric utility"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BE%9B%E7%94%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共供电（页面不存在）">公共供电</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_utility" class="extiw" title="en:Electric utility"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electric utility</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="国家石油公司">石油和天然气</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="postal, telegraph and telephone service" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Postal, telegraph and telephone service"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Postal,_telegraph_and_telephone_service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Postal, telegraph and telephone service（页面不存在）">电信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal,_telegraph_and_telephone_service" class="extiw" title="en:Postal, telegraph and telephone service"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Postal, telegraph and telephone service</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="市政宽带" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Municipal broadband"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%AE%BD%E5%B8%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="市政宽带（页面不存在）">市政宽带</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_broadband" class="extiw" title="en:Municipal broadband"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Municipal broadband</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共供水系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public water system"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BE%9B%E6%B0%B4%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共供水系统（页面不存在）">公共供水系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_water_system" class="extiw" title="en:Public water system"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public water system</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E7%89%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="廢物管理">废物管理</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="公共工程">公共工程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E8%A8%BA%E6%89%80" title="美國免費診所">美國免費診所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="免費教育">免费教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD" title="基础设施">基础设施</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%88%E5%A4%B4%E5%92%8C%E6%B3%A8%E5%B0%84%E5%99%A8%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="针头和注射器计划（页面不存在）">针头和注射器计划</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共銀行" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public bank"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共銀行（页面不存在）">公共銀行</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_bank" class="extiw" title="en:Public bank"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public bank</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="公共图书馆">公共图书馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="公立学校">公立学校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="公共空间">公共空间</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8E%95%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="公共厕所">公共厕所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="公立大学">公立大学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%91%E7%9D%A3%E6%B3%A8%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="监督注射场所（页面不存在）">监督注射场所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="城市公园">城市公园</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="社会服务">社会服务</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共經費的醫療衛生" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Publicly funded health care"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%B6%93%E8%B2%BB%E7%9A%84%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共經費的醫療衛生（页面不存在）">公共經費的醫療衛生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publicly_funded_health_care" class="extiw" title="en:Publicly funded health care"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Publicly funded health care</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BD%8F%E6%88%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="公共住房">公共住房</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%9B%E9%80%A0%E5%B0%B1%E4%B8%9A%E6%9C%BA%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="创造就业机会（页面不存在）">创造就业机会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%98%E8%80%85%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="單一支付者醫療衛生系統">單一支付者醫療衛生系統</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="國家健康保險">国家健康保险</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" title="社会保险">社会保险</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会养老金" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social pension"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%BB%E8%80%81%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会养老金（页面不存在）">社会养老金</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_pension" class="extiw" title="en:Social pension"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social pension</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C" title="社会保障">社会保障</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="Category:公共服務">Category</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Public_services" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Public services">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="公务员制度" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Civil_service" title="Template:Civil service"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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