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agent</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: foaming agent"> <meta name="keywords" content="foaming agent"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="foaming agent"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1569</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: foaming agent</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1569</span> An Investigation of Foam Glass Production from Sheet Glass Waste and SiC Foaming Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aylin%20Sahin">Aylin Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Artir"> Recep Artir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Kara"> Mustafa Kara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Foam glass is a remarkable material with having incomparable properties like low weight, rigidity, high thermal insulation capacity and porous structure. In this study, foam glass production was investigated with using glass powder from sheet glass waste and SiC powder as foaming agent. Effects of SiC powders and sintering temperatures on foaming process were examined. It was seen that volume expansions (%), cellular structures and pore diameters of obtained foam glass samples were highly depending on composition ratios and sintering temperature. The study showed that various foam glass samples having with homogenous closed porosity, low weight and low thermal conductivity were achieved by optimizing composition ratios and sintering temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20glass" title="foam glass">foam glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20carbide" title=" silicon carbide"> silicon carbide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69062/an-investigation-of-foam-glass-production-from-sheet-glass-waste-and-sic-foaming-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1568</span> Effects of an Added Foaming Agent on Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moez%20Selmi">Moez Selmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariem%20Kacem"> Mariem Kacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrez%20Jamei"> Mehrez Jamei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippe%20Dubujet"> Philippe Dubujet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Earth pressure balance (EPB) tunnel boring machines are designed for digging in different types of soil, especially clay soils. This operation requires the treatment of soil by lubricants to facilitate the procedure of excavation. A possible use of this soil is limited by the effect of treatment on the hydro-mechanical properties of the soil. This work aims to study the effect of a foaming agent on the hydro-mechanical properties of clay soil. The injection of the foam agent in the soil leads to create a soil matrix in which they are incorporated gas bubbles. The state of the foam in the soil is scalable thanks to the degradation of the gas bubbles in the soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPB" title="EPB">EPB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20soils" title=" clay soils"> clay soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20agent" title=" foam agent"> foam agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydro-mechanical%20properties" title=" hydro-mechanical properties"> hydro-mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50150/effects-of-an-added-foaming-agent-on-hydro-mechanical-properties-of-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1567</span> A Further Insight to Foaming in Anaerobic Digester</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifeyinwa%20Rita%20Kanu">Ifeyinwa Rita Kanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Aspray"> Thomas Aspray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adebayo%20J.%20Adeloye"> Adebayo J. Adeloye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a result of the ambiguity and complexity surrounding anaerobic digester foaming, efforts have been made by various researchers to understand the process of anaerobic digester foaming so as to proffer a solution that can be universally applied rather than site specific. All attempts ranging from experimental analysis to comparative review of other process has been futile at explaining explicitly the conditions and process of foaming in anaerobic digester. Studying the available knowledge on foam formation and relating it to anaerobic digester process and operating condition, this study presents a succinct and enhanced understanding of foaming in anaerobic digesters as well as introducing a simple and novel method to identify the onset of anaerobic digester foaming based on analysis of historical data from a field scale system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digester" title="anaerobic digester">anaerobic digester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas" title=" biogas"> biogas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31627/a-further-insight-to-foaming-in-anaerobic-digester" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1566</span> Determination of Foaming Behavior in Thermoplastic Composite Nonwoven Structures for Automotive Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulfiye%20Ahan">Zulfiye Ahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Dogu"> Mustafa Dogu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elcin%20Yilmaz"> Elcin Yilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of nonwoven textile materials in many application areas is rapidly increasing thanks to their versatile performance properties. The automotive industry is one of the largest sectors in the world with a potential market of more than 2 billion euros for nonwoven textile materials applications. Lightweight materials having higher mechanical performance, better sound and heat insulation properties are of interest in many applications. Since the usage of nonwoven surfaces provides many of these advantages, the demand for this kind of materials is gradually growing especially in the automotive industry. Nonwoven materials used in lightweight vehicles can contain economical and high strength thermoplastics as well as durable components such as glass fiber. By bringing these composite materials into foam structure containing micro or nanopores, products with high absorption ability, light and mechanically stronger can be fabricated. In this respect, our goal is to produce thermoplastic composite nonwoven by using nonwoven glass fiber fabric reinforced polypropylene (PP). Azodicarbonamide (ADC) was selected as a foaming agent and a thermal process was applied to obtain porous structure. Various foaming temperature ranges and residence times were studied to examine the foaming behaviour of the thermoplastic composite nonwoven. Physicochemical and mechanical tests were applied in order to analyze the characteristics of composite foams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20nonwoven" title="composite nonwoven">composite nonwoven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20foams" title=" thermoplastic foams"> thermoplastic foams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent" title=" foaming agent"> foaming agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20behavior" title=" foaming behavior"> foaming behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141516/determination-of-foaming-behavior-in-thermoplastic-composite-nonwoven-structures-for-automotive-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1565</span> Determination of Foaming Behavior in thermoplastic Composite Nonwoven Structures for Automotive Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulfiye%20Ahan">Zulfiye Ahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Dogu"> Mustafa Dogu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elcin%20Yilmaz"> Elcin Yilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of nonwoven textile materials in many application areas is rapidly increasing thanks to their versatile performance properties. The automotive industry is one of the largest sectors in the world, with a potential market of more than 2 billion euros for nonwoven textile materials applications. Lightweight materials having higher mechanical performance, better sound and heat insulation properties are of interest in many applications. Since the usage of nonwoven surfaces provides many of these advantages, the demand for this kind of material is gradually growing, especially in the automotive industry. Nonwoven materials used in lightweight vehicles can contain economical and high strength thermoplastics as well as durable components such as glass fiber. By bringing these composite materials into foam structure containing micro or nanopores, products with high absorption ability, light and mechanically stronger can be fabricated. In this respect, our goal is to produce thermoplastic composite nonwoven by using nonwoven glass fiber fabric reinforced polypropylene (PP). Azodicarbonamide (ADC) was selected as a foaming agent, and a thermal process was applied to obtain a porous structure. Various foaming temperature ranges and residence times were studied to examine the foaming behaviour of the thermoplastic composite nonwoven. Physicochemical and mechanical tests were applied in order to analyze the characteristics of composite foams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20nonwoven" title="composite nonwoven">composite nonwoven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20foams" title=" thermoplastic foams"> thermoplastic foams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent" title=" foaming agent"> foaming agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20behavior" title=" foaming behavior"> foaming behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141519/determination-of-foaming-behavior-in-thermoplastic-composite-nonwoven-structures-for-automotive-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1564</span> Mineral Thermal Insulation Materials Based on Sodium Liquid Glass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zin%20Min%20Htet">Zin Min Htet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tikhomirova%20Irina%20Nikolaevna"> Tikhomirova Irina Nikolaevna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karpenko%20Marina%20A."> Karpenko Marina A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, thermal insulation materials based on sodium liquid glass with light fillers as foam glass granules with different sizes and wollastonite - M325 (U.S.A production) were studied. Effective mineral thermal insulation materials are in demand in many industries because of their incombustibility and durability. A method for the preparation of such materials based on mechanically foamed sodium liquid glass and light mineral fillers is proposed. The thermal insulation properties depend on the type, amount of filler and on the foaming factor, which is determined by the concentration of the foaming agent. The water resistance of the material is provided by using an additive to neutralize the glass and transfer it to the silica gel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20insulation%20material" title="thermal insulation material">thermal insulation material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20liquid%20glass" title=" sodium liquid glass"> sodium liquid glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20glass%20granules" title=" foam glass granules"> foam glass granules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent" title=" foaming agent"> foaming agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardener" title=" hardener"> hardener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparent%20density" title=" apparent density"> apparent density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92313/mineral-thermal-insulation-materials-based-on-sodium-liquid-glass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1563</span> Foaming and Structuring Properties of Chickpea Cooking Water (Aquafaba): Effect of Ingredient Added and Their Particle Size</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carola%20Cappa">Carola Cappa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chickpea cooking water (known as aquafaba, AF) is a “waste” product having interesting technological properties exploitable for sustainable plant-based food applications that can encounter a larger consumers demand. Different process conditions to obtain AF were defined; the addition of hydrocolloid (i.e., guar gum) and lactic acid to improve the techno-functionalities of aquafaba was explored, and the effects of these ingredients on the foaming properties and the quality of plant-based target confectionery products were investigated. Meringues having a solid foam structure and a simple formulation (i.e., foaming agent and sugar) and chocolate mousse were chosen as target foods. The effects of the sugar particle size reduction on the empirical and fundamental rheological properties of the foaming agent and of the mousse were evaluated. The treatment did not significantly change the viscosity of the system, while the overrun and foam stability were affected by sugar particle size, and mousse with coarse sugar was characterized by a higher consistency, confirming the importance of the particle size of the ingredients on the texture of the final product. This study proved that AF, a recycled “waste” product, possesses interesting techno-functionalities properties further enhanced by adding lactic acid and modulable according to ingredient particle size; these AF results are useable for plant-based food applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20properties" title="foaming properties">foaming properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20stability" title=" foam stability"> foam stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20texture" title=" foam texture"> foam texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size" title=" particle size"> particle size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acidification" title=" acidification"> acidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquafaba" title=" aquafaba"> aquafaba</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163109/foaming-and-structuring-properties-of-chickpea-cooking-water-aquafaba-effect-of-ingredient-added-and-their-particle-size" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1562</span> Effect of Depressurization Rate in Batch Foaming of Porous Microcellular Polycarbonate on Microstructure Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indrajeet%20Singh">Indrajeet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Gandhi"> Abhishek Gandhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Mohanty"> Smita Mohanty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Nayak"> S. K. Nayak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, a focused study has been performed to comprehend the influence of change in depressurization rate on microcellular polycarbonate foamed morphological attributes. The depressurization rate considered in this study were 0.5, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.005 MPa/sec and the physical blowing agent utilized was carbon dioxide owing to its high solubility in polycarbonate at room temperature. The study was performed on two distinct saturation pressures, i.e., 3 MPa and 6 MPa to understand if saturation pressure has any effects on it. It is reported that with increase in depressurization rate, a higher amount of thermodynamic instability was induced which resulted in generation of larger number of smaller sized cells. This article puts forward an understanding of how depressurization rate control could be well exploited during the batch foaming process to develop high quality microcellular foamed products with exceedingly well controlled cell size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depressurization" title="depressurization">depressurization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20polymer" title=" porous polymer"> porous polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcellular" title=" microcellular"> microcellular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93891/effect-of-depressurization-rate-in-batch-foaming-of-porous-microcellular-polycarbonate-on-microstructure-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1561</span> Impact of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming on the Quality of Kuwait's Irrigation Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Abusam">Abdallah Abusam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Mydlarczyk"> Andrzej Mydlarczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadila%20Al-Salameen"> Fadila Al-Salameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moh%20Elmuntasir%20Ahmed"> Moh Elmuntasir Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treated municipal wastewater produced in Kuwait is used mainly in agricultural and greenery landscape irrigations. However, there are strong doubts that severe sludge bulking and foaming problems, particularly during winter seasons, may render the treated wastewater to be unsuitable for irrigation purposes. To assess the impact of sludge bulking and foaming problems on the quality of treated effluents, samples were collected weekly for nine months (January to September 2014) from the secondary effluents, tertiary effluents and sludge-mixed liquor streams of the two plants that severely suffer from sludge bulking and foaming problems. Dominant filamentous bacteria were identified and quantified using a molecular method called VIT (Vermicon Identification Technology). Quality of the treated effluents was determined according to water and wastewater standard methods. Obtained results were then statistically analyzed and compared to irrigation water standards. Statistical results indicated that secondary effluents were greatly impacted by sludge bulking and foaming problems, while tertiary effluents were slightly affected. This finding highlights the importance of having tertiary treatment units in plants that encountering sludge bulking and foaming problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filamentous%20bacteria" title=" filamentous bacteria"> filamentous bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reclamation" title=" reclamation"> reclamation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60154/impact-of-activated-sludge-bulking-and-foaming-on-the-quality-of-kuwaits-irrigation-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1560</span> Using of Cavitational Disperser for Porous Ceramic and Concrete Material Preparation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Shishkin">Andrei Shishkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandrs%20Korjakins"> Aleksandrs Korjakins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktors%20Mironovs"> Viktors Mironovs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present paper describes method of obtaining clay ceramic foam (CCF) and foam concrete (FC), by direct foaming with high speed mixer-disperser (HSMD). Three foaming agents (FA) are compared for the FC and CCF production: SCHÄUMUNGSMITTEL W 53 FLÜSSIG (Zschimmer & Schwarz Gmbh, Germany), SCF-1245 (Sika, test sample, Latvia) and FAB-12 (Elade, Latvija). CCF were obtained at 950, 1000°C, 1150°C and 1150°C firing temperature and have mechanical compressive strength 1.2, 2.55, and 4.3 MPa and porosity 79.4, 75.1, 71.6%, respectively. Obtained FC has 6-14 MPa compressive strength and porosity 44-55%. The goal of this work was the development of a sustainable and durable ceramic cellular structures using HSMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20foam" title="ceramic foam">ceramic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20concrete" title=" foam concrete"> foam concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20foam" title=" clay foam"> clay foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20cell" title=" open cell"> open cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20cell" title=" close cell"> close cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20foaming" title=" direct foaming"> direct foaming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20995/using-of-cavitational-disperser-for-porous-ceramic-and-concrete-material-preparation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">808</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1559</span> Influence of Milled Waste Glass to Clay Ceramic Foam Properties Made by Direct Foaming Route </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Shishkin">A. Shishkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Mironovs"> V. Mironovs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Goljandin"> D. Goljandin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Korjakins"> A. Korjakins</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this work is to develop sustainable and durable ceramic cellular structures using widely available natural resources- clay and milled waste glass. Present paper describes method of obtaining clay ceramic foam (CCF) with addition of milled waste glass in 5, 7 and 10 wt% by direct foaming with high speed mixer-disperser (HSMD). For more efficient clay and waste glass milling and mixing, the high velocity disintegrator was used. The CCF with 5, 7, and 10 wt% were obtained at 900, 950, 1000 and 1050 °C firing temperature and they have demonstrated mechanical compressive strength for all 12 samples ranging from 3.8 to 14.3 MPa and porosity 76-65%. Obtained CCF has compressive strength 14.3 MPa and porosity 65.3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20foam" title="ceramic foam">ceramic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20foam" title=" clay foam"> clay foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20foam" title=" glass foam"> glass foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20cell" title=" open cell"> open cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20foaming" title=" direct foaming"> direct foaming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41910/influence-of-milled-waste-glass-to-clay-ceramic-foam-properties-made-by-direct-foaming-route" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1558</span> Optimizing Foaming Agents by Air Compression to Unload a Liquid Loaded Gas Well</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mhenga%20Agneta">Mhenga Agneta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Zhaomin"> Li Zhaomin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Chao"> Zhang Chao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When velocity is high enough, gas can entrain fluid and carry to the surface, but as time passes by, velocity drops to a critical point where fluids will start to hold up in the tubing and cause liquid loading which prevents gas production and may lead to the death of the well. Foam injection is widely used as one of the methods to unload liquid. Since wells have different characteristics, it is not guaranteed that foam can be applied in all of them and bring successful results. This research presents a technology to optimize the efficiency of foam to unload liquid by air compression. Two methods are used to explain optimization; (i) mathematical formulas are used to solve and explain the myth of how density and critical velocity could be minimized when air is compressed into foaming agents, then the relationship between flow rates and pressure increase which would boost up the bottom hole pressure and increase the velocity to lift liquid to the surface. (ii) Experiments to test foam carryover capacity and stability as a function of time and surfactant concentration whereby three surfactants anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), nonionic Triton 100 and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTAB) were probed. The best foaming agents were injected to lift liquid loaded in a created vertical well model of 2.5 cm diameter and 390 cm high steel tubing covered by a transparent glass casing of 5 cm diameter and 450 cm high. The results show that, after injecting foaming agents, liquid unloading was successful by 75%; however, the efficiency of foaming agents to unload liquid increased by 10% with an addition of compressed air at a ratio of 1:1. Measured values and calculated values were compared and brought about ± 3% difference which is a good number. The successful application of the technology indicates that engineers and stakeholders could bring water flooded gas wells back to production with optimized results by firstly paying attention to the type of surfactants (foaming agents) used, concentration of surfactants, flow rates of the injected surfactants then compressing air to the foaming agents at a proper ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20compression" title="air compression">air compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agents" title=" foaming agents"> foaming agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20well" title=" gas well"> gas well</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20loading" title=" liquid loading"> liquid loading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102093/optimizing-foaming-agents-by-air-compression-to-unload-a-liquid-loaded-gas-well" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1557</span> Broadcasting Stabilization for Dynamical Multi-Agent Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gon%20Yoon">Myung-Gon Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Ho%20Moon"> Jung-Ho Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with a stabilization problem for multi-agent systems, when all agents in a multi-agent system receive the same broadcasting control signal and the controller can measure not each agent output but the sum of all agent outputs. It is analytically shown that when the sum of all agent outputs is bounded with a certain broadcasting controller for a given reference, each agent output is separately bounded:stabilization of the sum of agent outputs always results in the stability of every agent output. A numerical example is presented to illustrate our theoretic findings in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broadcasting%20control" title="broadcasting control">broadcasting control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20function" title=" transfer function"> transfer function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization" title=" stabilization"> stabilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11214/broadcasting-stabilization-for-dynamical-multi-agent-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1556</span> Fapitow: An Advanced AI Agent for Travel Agent Competition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiz%20Ul%20Haque%20Zeya">Faiz Ul Haque Zeya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, Fapitow’s bidding strategy and approach to participate in Travel Agent Competition (TAC) is described. Previously, Fapitow is designed using the agents provided by the TAC Team and mainly used their modification for developing our strategy. But later, by observing the behavior of the agent, it is decided to come up with strategies that will be the main cause of improved utilities of the agent, and by theoretical examination, it is evident that the strategies will provide a significant improvement in performance which is later proved by agent’s performance in the games. The techniques and strategies for further possible improvement are also described. TAC provides a real-time, uncertain environment for learning, experimenting, and implementing various AI techniques. Some lessons learned about handling uncertain environments are also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent" title="agent">agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20agent%20competition" title=" travel agent competition"> travel agent competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidding" title=" bidding"> bidding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TAC" title=" TAC"> TAC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171771/fapitow-an-advanced-ai-agent-for-travel-agent-competition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1555</span> An Investigation of Raw Material Effects on Nano SiC Based Foam Glass Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aylin%20Sahin">Aylin Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasemin%20Kilic"> Yasemin Kilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20Sari"> Abdulkadir Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burcu%20Duymaz"> Burcu Duymaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Kara"> Mustafa Kara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Foam glass is an innovative material which composed of glass and carbon/carbonate based minerals; and has incomparable properties like light weight, high thermal insulation and cellular structure with sufficient rigidity. In the present study, the effects of the glass type and mineral addition on the foam glass properties were investigated. Nano sized SiC was fixed as foaming agent at the whole of the samples, mixed glass waste and sheet glass were selectively used as glass sources; finally Al₂O₃ was optionally used as mineral additive. These raw material powders were mixed homogenously, pressed at same pressure and sintered at same schedule. Finally, obtained samples were characterized based on the required properties of foam glass material, and optimum results were determined. At the end of the study, 0.049 W/mK thermal conductivity, 72 % porosity, and 0.21 kg/cm² apparent density with 2.41 MPa compressive strength values were achieved with using nano sized SiC, sheet glass and Al₂O₃ mineral additive. It can be said that the foam glass materials can be preferred as an alternative insulation material rather than polymeric based conventional insulation materials because of supplying high thermal insulation properties without containing unhealthy chemicals and burn risks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20glass" title="foam glass">foam glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20carbide" title=" silicon carbide"> silicon carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79498/an-investigation-of-raw-material-effects-on-nano-sic-based-foam-glass-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1554</span> Development of PVA/polypyrrole Scaffolds by Supercritical CO₂ for Its Application in Biomedicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Montes">Antonio Montes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Cozar"> Antonio Cozar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clara%20Pereyra"> Clara Pereyra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Valor"> Diego Valor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enrique%20Martinez%20de%20la%20Ossa"> Enrique Martinez de la Ossa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tissues and organs can be damaged because of traumatism, congenital illnesses, or cancer and the traditional therapeutic alternatives, such as surgery, cannot usually completely repair the damaged tissues. Tissue engineering allows regeneration of the patient's tissues, reducing the problems caused by the traditional methods. Scaffolds, polymeric structures with interconnected porosity, can be promoted the proliferation and adhesion of the patient’s cells in the damaged area. Furthermore, by means of impregnation of the scaffold with beneficial active substances, tissue regeneration can be induced through a drug delivery process. The objective of the work is the fabrication of a PVA scaffold coated with Gallic Acid and polypyrrole through a one-step foaming and impregnation process using the SSI technique (Supercritical Solvent Impregnation). In this technique, supercritical CO₂ penetrates into the polymer chains producing the plasticization of the polymer. In the depressurization step a CO₂ cellular nucleation and growing to take place to an interconnected porous structure of the polymer. The foaming process using supercritical CO₂ as solvent and expansion agent presents advantages compared to the traditional scaffolds’ fabrication methods, such as the polymer’s high solubility in the solvent or the possibility of carrying out the process at a low temperature, avoiding the inactivation of the active substance. In this sense, the supercritical CO₂ avoids the use of organic solvents and reduces the solvent residues in the final product. Moreover, this process does not require long processing time that could cause the stratification of substance inside the scaffold reducing the therapeutic efficiency of the formulation. An experimental design has been carried out to optimize the SSI technique operating conditions, as well as a study of the morphological characteristics of the scaffold for its use in tissue engineerings, such as porosity, conductivity or the release profiles of the active substance. It has been proved that the obtained scaffolds are partially porous, conductors of electricity and are able to release Gallic Acid in the long term. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title="scaffold">scaffold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming" title=" foaming"> foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical" title=" supercritical"> supercritical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVA" title=" PVA"> PVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypyrrole" title=" polypyrrole"> polypyrrole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gallic%20acid" title=" gallic acid"> gallic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143360/development-of-pvapolypyrrole-scaffolds-by-supercritical-co2-for-its-application-in-biomedicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1553</span> Robust Stabilization against Unknown Consensus Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gon%20Yoon">Myung-Gon Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Ho%20Moon"> Jung-Ho Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper considers a robust stabilization problem of a single agent in a multi-agent consensus system composed of identical agents, when the network topology of the system is completely unknown. It is shown that the transfer function of an agent in a consensus system can be described as a multiplicative perturbation of the isolated agent transfer function in frequency domain. Applying known robust stabilization results, we present sufficient conditions for a robust stabilization of an agent against unknown network topology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20agent%20control" title="single agent control">single agent control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20function" title=" transfer function"> transfer function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20angle" title=" graph angle"> graph angle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11150/robust-stabilization-against-unknown-consensus-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1552</span> Preparation and Properties of Chloroacetated Natural Rubber Rubber Foam Using Corn Starch as Curing Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ploenpit%20Boochathum">Ploenpit Boochathum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pitchayanad%20Kaolim"> Pitchayanad Kaolim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phimjutha%20Srisangkaew"> Phimjutha Srisangkaew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In general, rubber foam is produced based on the sulfur curing system. However, the remaining sulfur in the rubber product waste is burned to sulfur dioxide gas causing the environment pollution. To avoid using sulfur as curing agent in the rubber foam products, this research work proposes non-sulfur curing system by using corn starch as a curing agent. The ether crosslinks were proposed to be produced via the functional bonding between hydroxyl groups of the starch molecules and chloroacetate groups added on the natural rubber molecules. The chloroacetated natural rubber (CNR) latex was prepared via the epoxidation reaction of the concentrated natural rubber latex, subsequently, epoxy rings were attacked by chloroacetic acid to produce hydroxyl groups and chloroacetate groups on the rubber molecules. Foaming agent namely NaHCO3 was selected to add in the CNR latex due to the low decomposition temperature at about 50°C. The appropriate curing temperature was assigned to be 90°C that is above gelatinization temperature; 60-70°C, of starch. The effect of weight ratio of starch, i.e., 0 phr, 3 phr and 5 phr, on the physical properties of CNR rubber foam was investigated. It was found that density reduced from 0.81 g/cm3 for 0 phr to 0.75 g/cm3 for 3 phr and 0.79 g/cm3 for 5 phr. The ability to return to its original thickness after prolonged compressive stresses of CNR rubber foam cured with starch loading of 5 phr was found to be considerably better than that of CNR rubber foam cured with starch 3 phr and CNR rubber foam without addition of starch according to the compression set that was determined to decrease from 66.67% to 40% and 26.67% with the increase loading of starch. The mechanical properties including tensile strength and modulus of CNR rubber foams cured using starch were determined to increase except that the elongation at break was found to decrease. In addition, all mechanical properties of CNR rubber foams cured with the starch 3 phr and 5 phr were found to be slightly different and drastically higher than those of CNR rubber foam without the addition of starch. This research work indicates that starch can be applicable as a curing agent for CNR rubber. This is confirmed by the increase of the elastic modulus (G') of CNR rubber foams that was cured with the starch over the CNR rubber foam without curing agent. This type of rubber foam is believed to be one of the biodegradable and environment-friendly product that can be cured at low temperature of 90°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chloroacetated%20natural%20rubber" title="chloroacetated natural rubber">chloroacetated natural rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn%20starch" title=" corn starch"> corn starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-sulfur%20curing%20system" title=" non-sulfur curing system"> non-sulfur curing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rubber%20foam" title=" rubber foam"> rubber foam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60241/preparation-and-properties-of-chloroacetated-natural-rubber-rubber-foam-using-corn-starch-as-curing-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1551</span> Influence of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate and Curing Temperature on Behaviors of Lightweight Kaolinite-Based Geopolymer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Sornlar">W. Sornlar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Supothina"> S. Supothina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wannagon"> A. Wannagon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lightweight geopolymer can be prepared by using some foaming agents, such as metal powders or hydrogen peroxide; however, it is difficult to control the generated cell size due to the high reactivity of the system. This study aims to investigate the influence of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) foam addition and curing temperature on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and microstructure behaviors of the lightweight kaolinite-based geopolymer. To provide porous structure, the geopolymer paste was mixed with 0-15 wt% of SLES foam before casting into the mold. Testing and characterizations were carried out after 28 days. The results showed that SLES foam generated the regular and spherical macropores, which were well distributed in the geopolymer samples. The total porosity increased as SLES foam increased, similarly as the apparent porosity and water absorption. On the other hand, the bulk density and mechanical strength decreased as SLES foam increased. Curing temperature was studied simultaneously due to it strongly affects the mechanical strength of geopolymer. In this study, rising of curing temperature from 27 to 50°C (at 75% relative humidity) improved the compressive strength of samples but deteriorated after curing at 60°C. Among them, the composition of 15 wt% SLES foam (NF15) presented the highest porosity (70.51-72.89%), the lowest density (0.68-0.73 g/cm³), and very low thermal conductivity (0.172-0.197 W/mK). It had the proper compressive strength of 4.21-4.74 MPa that can be applied for the thermal insulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight" title="lightweight">lightweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kaolinite-based%20geopolymer" title=" kaolinite-based geopolymer"> kaolinite-based geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20temperature" title=" curing temperature"> curing temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent" title=" foaming agent"> foaming agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117509/influence-of-sodium-lauryl-ether-sulfate-and-curing-temperature-on-behaviors-of-lightweight-kaolinite-based-geopolymer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1550</span> An Approach to Secure Mobile Agent Communication in Multi-Agent Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olumide%20Simeon%20Ogunnusi">Olumide Simeon Ogunnusi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shukor%20Abd%20Razak"> Shukor Abd Razak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Kolade%20Adu"> Michael Kolade Adu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inter-agent communication manager facilitates communication among mobile agents via message passing mechanism. Until now, all Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) compliant agent systems are capable of exchanging messages following the standard format of sending and receiving messages. Previous works tend to secure messages to be exchanged among a community of collaborative agents commissioned to perform specific tasks using cryptosystems. However, the approach is characterized by computational complexity due to the encryption and decryption processes required at the two ends. The proposed approach to secure agent communication allows only agents that are created by the host agent server to communicate via the agent communication channel provided by the host agent platform. These agents are assumed to be harmless. Therefore, to secure communication of legitimate agents from intrusion by external agents, a 2-phase policy enforcement system was developed. The first phase constrains the external agent to run only on the network server while the second phase confines the activities of the external agent to its execution environment. To implement the proposed policy, a controller agent was charged with the task of screening any external agent entering the local area network and preventing it from migrating to the agent execution host where the legitimate agents are running. On arrival of the external agent at the host network server, an introspector agent was charged to monitor and restrain its activities. This approach secures legitimate agent communication from Man-in-the Middle and Replay attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent%20communication" title="agent communication">agent communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=introspective%20agent" title=" introspective agent"> introspective agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isolation%20of%20agent" title=" isolation of agent"> isolation of agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20enforcement%20system" title=" policy enforcement system"> policy enforcement system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75444/an-approach-to-secure-mobile-agent-communication-in-multi-agent-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1549</span> Multi Agent System Architecture Oriented Prometheus Methodology Design for Reverse Logistics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Lhafiane">F. Lhafiane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elbyed"> A. Elbyed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bouchoum"> M. Bouchoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design of Reverse logistics Network has attracted growing attention with the stringent pressures from both environmental awareness and business sustainability. Reverse logistical activities include return, remanufacture, disassemble and dispose of products can be quite complex to manage. In addition, demand can be difficult to predict, and decision making is one of the challenges tasks. This complexity has amplified the need to develop an integrated architecture for product return as an enterprise system. The main purpose of this paper is to design Multi agent system (MAS) architecture using the Prometheus methodology to efficiently manage reverse logistics processes. The proposed MAS architecture includes five types of agents: Gate keeping Agent, Collection Agent, Sorting Agent, Processing Agent and Disposal Agent which act respectively during the five steps of reverse logistics Network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20logistics" title="reverse logistics">reverse logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20agent%20system" title=" multi agent system"> multi agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prometheus%20methodology" title=" prometheus methodology "> prometheus methodology </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32686/multi-agent-system-architecture-oriented-prometheus-methodology-design-for-reverse-logistics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1548</span> Comparison of the Material Response Based on Production Technologies of Metal Foams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamas%20Mankovits">Tamas Mankovits</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lightweight cellular-type structures like metal foams have excellent mechanical properties, therefore the interest in these materials is widely spreading as load-bearing structural elements, e.g. as implants. Numerous technologies are available to produce metal foams. In this paper the material response of closed cell foam structures produced by direct foaming and additive technology is compared. The production technology circumstances are also investigated. Geometrical variations are developed for foam structures produced by additive manufacturing and simulated by finite element method to be able to predict the mechanical behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20foaming" title=" direct foaming"> direct foaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20foam" title=" metal foam"> metal foam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80337/comparison-of-the-material-response-based-on-production-technologies-of-metal-foams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1547</span> Investigating the Potential for Introduction of Warm Mix Asphalt in Kuwait Using the Volcanic Ash</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Al-Baghli">H. Al-Baghli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Al-Asfour"> F. Al-Asfour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current applied asphalt technology for Kuwait roads pavement infrastructure is the hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement, including both pen grade and polymer modified bitumen (PMBs), that is produced and compacted at high temperature levels ranging from 150 to 180 °C. There are no current specifications for warm and cold mix asphalts in Kuwait’s Ministry of Public Works (MPW) asphalt standard and specifications. The process of the conventional HMA is energy intensive and directly responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases and other environmental hazards into the atmosphere leading to significant environmental impacts and raising health risk to labors at site. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology, a sustainable alternative preferred in multiple countries, has many environmental advantages because it requires lower production temperatures than HMA by 20 to 40 °C. The reduction of temperatures achieved by WMA originates from multiple technologies including foaming and chemical or organic additives that aim to reduce bitumen and improve mix workability. This paper presents a literature review of WMA technologies and techniques followed by an experimental study aiming to compare the results of produced WMA samples, using a water containing additive (foaming process), at different compaction temperatures with the HMA control volumetric properties mix designed in accordance to the new MPW’s specifications and guidelines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warm-mix%20asphalt" title="warm-mix asphalt">warm-mix asphalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-bearing%20additives" title=" water-bearing additives"> water-bearing additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming-based%20process" title=" foaming-based process"> foaming-based process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20additives" title=" chemical additives"> chemical additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20additives" title=" organic additives"> organic additives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132050/investigating-the-potential-for-introduction-of-warm-mix-asphalt-in-kuwait-using-the-volcanic-ash" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1546</span> Foamability and Foam Stability of Gelatine-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Martin%20Torrejon">Virginia Martin Torrejon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Hang"> Song Hang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gelatine foams are widely explored materials due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and availability. They exhibit outstanding properties and are currently subject to increasing scientific research due to their potential use in different applications, such as biocompatible cellular materials for biomedical products or biofoams as an alternative to fossil-fuel-derived packaging. Gelatine is a highly surface-active polymer, and its concentrated solutions usually do not require surfactants to achieve low surface tension. Still, anionic surfactants like sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) strongly interact with gelatine, impacting its viscosity and rheological properties and, in turn, their foaming behaviour. Foaming behaviour is a key parameter for cellular solids produced by mechanical foaming as it has a significant effect on the processing and properties of cellular materials. Foamability mainly impacts the density and the mechanical properties of the foams, while foam stability is crucial to achieving foams with low shrinkage and desirable pore morphology. This work aimed to investigate the influence of SDS on the foaming behaviour of concentrated gelatine foams by using a dynamic foam analyser. The study of maximum foam height created, foam formation behaviour, drainage behaviour, and foam structure with regard to bubble size and distribution were carried out in 10 wt% gelatine solutions prepared at different SDS/gelatine concentration ratios. Comparative rheological and viscometry measurements provided a good correlation with the data from the dynamic foam analyser measurements. SDS incorporation at optimum dosages and gelatine gelation led to highly stable foams at high expansion ratios. The viscosity increase of the hydrogel solution at SDS content increased was a key parameter for foam stabilization. In addition, the impact of SDS content on gelling time and gel strength also considerably impacted the foams' stability and pore structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20foam%20analyser" title="dynamic foam analyser">dynamic foam analyser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine%20foams%20stability%20and%20foamability" title=" gelatine foams stability and foamability"> gelatine foams stability and foamability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine-surfactant%20foams" title=" gelatine-surfactant foams"> gelatine-surfactant foams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine-SDS%20rheology" title=" gelatine-SDS rheology"> gelatine-SDS rheology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine-SDS%20viscosity" title=" gelatine-SDS viscosity"> gelatine-SDS viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143270/foamability-and-foam-stability-of-gelatine-sodium-dodecyl-sulfate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1545</span> Mechanical Characterization of Extrudable Foamed Concrete: An Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Falliano">D. Falliano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20De%20Domenico"> D. De Domenico</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ricciardi"> G. Ricciardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Gugliandolo"> E. Gugliandolo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on the mechanical characterization of foamed concrete specimens with protein-based foaming agent. Unlike classic foamed concrete, a peculiar property of the analyzed foamed concrete is the extrudability, which is achieved via a specific additive in the concrete mix that significantly improves the cohesion and viscosity of the fresh cementitious paste. A broad experimental campaign was conducted to evaluate the compressive strength and the indirect tensile strength of the specimens. The study has comprised three different cement types, two water/cement ratios, three curing conditions and three target dry densities. The variability of the strength values upon the above mentioned factors is discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20type" title="cement type">cement type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20conditions" title=" curing conditions"> curing conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrudable%20concrete" title=" extrudable concrete"> extrudable concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foamed%20concrete" title=" foamed concrete"> foamed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characterization" title=" mechanical characterization"> mechanical characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82760/mechanical-characterization-of-extrudable-foamed-concrete-an-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1544</span> Using Cooperation without Communication in a Multi-Agent Unpredictable Dynamic Real-Time Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Khosravi">Abbas Khosravi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the use of cooperation without communication in a multi-agent, unpredictable, dynamic real-time environment. The architecture of the Persian Gulf agent consists of three layers: fixed rule, low level, and high level layers, allowing for cooperation without direct communication. A scenario is presented to each agent in the form of a file, specifying each player's role and actions in the game. The scenario helps in cases of miscommunication, improving team performance. Cooperation without communication enhances reliability and coordination among agents, leading to better results in challenging situations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20systems" title="multi-agent systems">multi-agent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robocop" title=" Robocop"> Robocop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20engineering" title=" software engineering"> software engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186339/using-cooperation-without-communication-in-a-multi-agent-unpredictable-dynamic-real-time-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1543</span> Cooperative Learning Mechanism in Intelligent Multi-Agent System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20M.%20Mansour">Ayman M. Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Hawashin"> Bilal Hawashin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Mansour"> Mohammed A. Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a cooperative learning mechanism in a multi-agent intelligent system. The basic idea is that intelligent agents are capable of collaborating with one another by sharing their knowledge. The agents will start collaboration by providing their knowledge rules to the other agents. This will allow the most important and insightful detection rules produced by the most experienced agent to bubble up for the benefit of the entire agent community. The updated rules will lead to improving the agents’ decision performance. To evaluate our approach, we designed a five–agent system and implemented it using JADE and FuzzyJess software packages. The agents will work with each other to make a decision about a suspicious medical case. This system provides quick response rate and the decision is faster than the manual methods. This will save patients life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent" title="intelligent">intelligent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative" title=" cooperative"> cooperative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47913/cooperative-learning-mechanism-in-intelligent-multi-agent-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">684</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1542</span> Durability and Early-Age Behavior of Sprayed Concrete with an Expansion Admixture </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyong-Ku%20Yun">Kyong-Ku Yun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyeo-Re%20Lee"> Kyeo-Re Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyong%20Namkung"> Kyong Namkung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Yeon%20Han"> Seung-Yeon Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pan-Gil%20Choi"> Pan-Gil Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sprayed concrete is a way to spray a concrete using a machinery with high air pressure. There are insufficient studies on the durability and early-age behavior of sprayed concrete using high quality expansion agent. A series of an experiment were executed with 5 varying expansion agent replacement rates, while all the other conditions were kept constant, including cement binder content and water-cement ratio. The tests includes early-age shrinkage test, rapid chloride permeability test, and image analysis of air void structure. The early-age expansion test with the variation of expansion agent show that the expansion strain increases as the ratio of expansion agent increases. The rapid chloride permeability test shows that it decrease as the expansion agent increase. Therefore, expansion agent affects into the rapid chloride permeability in a better way. As expansion agent content increased, spacing factor slightly decreased while specific surface kept relatively stable. As a results, the optimum ratio of expansion agent would be selected between 7 % and 11%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprayed%20concrete" title="sprayed concrete">sprayed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early-age%20behavior" title=" early-age behavior"> early-age behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expansion%20admixture" title=" expansion admixture "> expansion admixture </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30715/durability-and-early-age-behavior-of-sprayed-concrete-with-an-expansion-admixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1541</span> A Multi-agent System Framework for Stakeholder Analysis of Local Energy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengqiu%20Deng">Mengqiu Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20Peng"> Xiao Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Zhao"> Yang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of local energy systems requires the collective involvement of different actors from various levels of society. However, the stakeholder analysis of local energy systems still has been under-developed. This paper proposes an multi-agent system (MAS) framework to facilitate the development of stakeholder analysis of local energy systems. The framework takes into account the most influencing stakeholders, including prosumers/consumers, system operators, energy companies and government bodies. Different stakeholders are modeled based on agent architectures for example the belief-desire-intention (BDI) to better reflect their motivations and interests in participating in local energy systems. The agent models of different stakeholders are then integrated in one model of the whole energy system. An illustrative case study is provided to elaborate how to develop a quantitative agent model for different stakeholders, as well as to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed framework. The findings from the case study indicate that the suggested framework and agent model can serve as analytical instruments for enhancing the government’s policy-making process by offering a systematic view of stakeholder interconnections in local energy systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title="multi-agent system">multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BDI%20agent" title=" BDI agent"> BDI agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20energy%20systems" title=" local energy systems"> local energy systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders" title=" stakeholders"> stakeholders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176640/a-multi-agent-system-framework-for-stakeholder-analysis-of-local-energy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1540</span> Impact Position Method Based on Distributed Structure Multi-Agent Coordination with JADE</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YU%20Kaijun">YU Kaijun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Dong"> Liang Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Yarong"> Zhang Yarong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Zhenzhou"> Jin Zhenzhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Zhaobao"> Yang Zhaobao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the impact monitoring of distributed structures, the traditional positioning methods are based on the time difference, which includes the four-point arc positioning method and the triangulation positioning method. But in the actual operation, these two methods have errors. In this paper, the Multi-Agent Blackboard Coordination Principle is used to combine the two methods. Fusion steps: (1) The four-point arc locating agent calculates the initial point and records it to the Blackboard Module.(2) The triangulation agent gets its initial parameters by accessing the initial point.(3) The triangulation agent constantly accesses the blackboard module to update its initial parameters, and it also logs its calculated point into the blackboard.(4) When the subsequent calculation point and the initial calculation point are within the allowable error, the whole coordination fusion process is finished. This paper presents a Multi-Agent collaboration method whose agent framework is JADE. The JADE platform consists of several agent containers, with the agent running in each container. Because of the perfect management and debugging tools of the JADE, it is very convenient to deal with complex data in a large structure. Finally, based on the data in Jade, the results show that the impact location method based on Multi-Agent coordination fusion can reduce the error of the two methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20monitoring" title="impact monitoring">impact monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20health%20monitoring%28SHM%29" title=" structural health monitoring(SHM)"> structural health monitoring(SHM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system%28MAS%29" title=" multi-agent system(MAS)"> multi-agent system(MAS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black-board%20coordination" title=" black-board coordination"> black-board coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JADE" title=" JADE"> JADE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149911/impact-position-method-based-on-distributed-structure-multi-agent-coordination-with-jade" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming%20agent&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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