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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Race and ethnicity in the NBA</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wat_Misaka.jpg/170px-Wat_Misaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wat_Misaka.jpg/255px-Wat_Misaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wat_Misaka.jpg/340px-Wat_Misaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="835" /></a><figcaption>Asian American point guard <a href="/wiki/Wat_Misaka" title="Wat Misaka">Wat Misaka</a> broke basketball's <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">color barrier</a> as the first non-white player to play in the NBA in 1947.</figcaption></figure> <p>The composition of <a href="/wiki/Race_(classification_of_humans)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (classification of humans)">race</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethnicity" title="Ethnicity">ethnicity</a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> (NBA) has changed throughout the league's history. The first <a href="/wiki/Non-white" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-white">non-white</a> player to play in the league was an <a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wat_Misaka" title="Wat Misaka">Wat Misaka</a>, in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-vecsey_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vecsey-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African Americans</a> entered the league beginning in 1950. According to <a href="/wiki/Racial_equality" title="Racial equality">racial equality</a> activist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lapchick" title="Richard Lapchick">Richard Lapchick</a>, the NBA in 2023 was composed of 70.4 percent <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black</a> players, 17.5 percent <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a> players, 2.2 percent <a href="/wiki/Latino_(demonym)" title="Latino (demonym)">Latino</a> players of any race, and 0.2 percent <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a> players. Additionally, 9.7 percent of the players were classified as either multiracial or "other" races.<sup id="cite_ref-2023_report_card_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_report_card-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The league has the highest percentage of black players of any <a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Players">Players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg/170px-Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg/255px-Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg/340px-Earl_Lloyd_-_CIAA_HOF_Brunch_-_1-3-06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2013" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Earl_Lloyd" title="Earl Lloyd">Earl Lloyd</a> (right) was the first <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> to play in the NBA in 1950.</figcaption></figure> <p>The NBA was founded in June 1946, with its first season played in <a href="/wiki/1946%E2%80%9347_BAA_season" title="1946–47 BAA season">1946–47</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wat_Misaka" title="Wat Misaka">Wat Misaka</a> debuted in <a href="/wiki/1947%E2%80%9348_BAA_season" title="1947–48 BAA season">1947–48</a> as the first non-white player and the first <a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a> to play in the league.<sup id="cite_ref-vecsey_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vecsey-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> first appeared in the NBA in 1950. <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Cooper_(basketball)" title="Chuck Cooper (basketball)">Chuck Cooper</a> was the first black player <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association_draft" class="mw-redirect" title="National Basketball Association draft">drafted</a> in the NBA.<sup id="cite_ref-color_line_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-color_line-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 26, 1950, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Hunter_(basketball_coach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Hunter (basketball coach)">Harold Hunter</a> signed with the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Capitols" title="Washington Capitols">Washington Capitols</a>, becoming the first <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> to sign a contract with any NBA team in history.<sup id="cite_ref-kcstar_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kcstar-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timespicayune_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timespicayune-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Hunter was cut from the team during training camp and did not play professionally.<sup id="cite_ref-kcstar_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kcstar-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timespicayune_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timespicayune-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-citypaper_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citypaper-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 24, <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_%22Sweetwater%22_Clifton" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathaniel "Sweetwater" Clifton">Nathaniel "Sweetwater" Clifton</a> was the second African American player to sign an NBA contract.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Earl_Lloyd" title="Earl Lloyd">Earl Lloyd</a> was the first to play in the NBA.<sup id="cite_ref-color_line_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-color_line-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hank_DeZonie" title="Hank DeZonie">Hank DeZonie</a> also played that year.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1953, <a href="/wiki/Don_Barksdale" title="Don Barksdale">Don Barksdale</a> became the first African American to play in an <a href="/wiki/NBA_All-Star_Game" title="NBA All-Star Game">NBA All-Star Game</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Naismith_Hall_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Naismith_Hall-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the emergence of African American players by the 1960s, the NBA game was stylistically being played faster and above the rim. Many of the league's great players were black. At that time, African Americans believed they were limited by an <a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_agreement" title="Gentlemen's agreement">unofficial</a> league quota of four black players per team.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Puerto Rican <a href="/wiki/Butch_Lee" title="Butch Lee">Butch Lee</a> in 1978 was the first Latino in the league.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhizhi" title="Wang Zhizhi">Wang Zhizhi</a> became the first Chinese player in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Lin" title="Jeremy Lin">Jeremy Lin</a> became the first American of Chinese or Taiwanese descent to play in the NBA.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lapchick" title="Richard Lapchick">Richard Lapchick</a> with <a href="/wiki/The_Institute_for_Diversity_and_Ethics_in_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport">The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport</a> (TIDES) of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Florida" title="University of Central Florida">University of Central Florida</a> reported in their annual <i>Racial and Gender Report Card</i> that 17 percent of the league's players were <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a>, the lowest since the report began in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2011report_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011report-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-slam_2011_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slam_2011-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Naismith_Memorial_Basketball_Hall_of_Fame" title="Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a> player and <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Pacers" title="Indiana Pacers">Indiana Pacers</a> president of basketball operations <a href="/wiki/Larry_Bird" title="Larry Bird">Larry Bird</a>, who is white, stated in 2004 that the league needed more white players since the league's fans are mostly white. "And if you just had a couple of white guys in there, you might get them [the fans, not the guys] a little excited. But it is a black man's game, and it will be forever. I mean, the greatest athletes in the world are African American," said Bird.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contrary to Bird's assertion, as of 2017, White Americans, made up only 34% of the NBA's viewership, making it the only major sports league in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, that doesn't have a majority white viewership. At the same time, the black share of viewership stands at 47 percent, while Hispanic (of any race) stood at 11% and Asian viewership stood at 8%.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, a number of commentators and fans have remarked on the league's dwindling number of <a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">white American</a> players. While a TIDES study found that the NBA was 18.3 percent white in the 2015–16 season, this number also included non-Americans, most notably Europeans. During the entire 1996–97 season, only three NBA teams did not field an American-born white; on the opening day of the 2016–17 season, eight teams did not have a white American on their roster, and an additional 10 teams had only one. At the latter point in time, fewer than 10 percent of NBA players were American-born whites (43 out of a possible 450).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>NBA player composition by year</b><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> <div style="padding-top:10px;margin-top:1em;max-width:1000px;" class="chart noresize"> <div style="position:relative;min-height:350px;min-width:1000px;max-width:1000px;"> <div style="float:right;position:relative;min-height:270px;min-width:900px;max-width:900px;border-left:1px black solid;border-bottom:1px black solid;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:3px;top:225px;height:44px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 25%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:30px;top:220px;height:49px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 28%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:57px;top:225px;height:44px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 25%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:84px;top:229px;height:40px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 23%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:111px;top:232px;height:37px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 21%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:138px;top:238px;height:31px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:165px;top:234px;height:35px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 20%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:234px;height:35px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 20%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:219px;top:229px;height:40px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 23%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:246px;top:232px;height:37px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 21%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:273px;top:230px;height:39px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 22%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:300px;top:232px;height:37px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 21%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:327px;top:234px;height:35px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 20%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:354px;top:230px;height:39px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 22.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:381px;top:229px;height:40px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 22.8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:408px;top:229px;height:40px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 22.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:435px;top:233px;height:36px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 20.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:462px;top:235px;height:34px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 19.6%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:489px;top:237px;height:32px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:516px;top:237px;height:32px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:543px;top:240px;height:29px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 16.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:570px;top:237px;height:32px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:597px;top:236px;height:33px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 19%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:624px;top:235px;height:34px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 19.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:651px;top:228px;height:41px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 23.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:678px;top:237px;height:32px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:705px;top:236px;height:33px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 19.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:732px;top:235px;height:34px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 19.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:759px;top:237px;height:32px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 18.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:786px;top:240px;height:29px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 16.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:813px;top:240px;height:29px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 16.8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:840px;top:239px;height:30px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 17.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:867px;top:238px;height:31px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:blue;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid blue;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="White: 17.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:3px;top:90px;height:134px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 75%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:30px;top:90px;height:129px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 72%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:57px;top:90px;height:134px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 75%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:84px;top:90px;height:138px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 77%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:111px;top:90px;height:141px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 79%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:138px;top:90px;height:147px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 82%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:165px;top:90px;height:143px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 80%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:92px;height:141px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 79%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:219px;top:90px;height:138px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 77%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:246px;top:92px;height:139px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 78%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:273px;top:90px;height:139px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 78%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:300px;top:92px;height:139px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 78%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:327px;top:94px;height:139px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 78%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:354px;top:93px;height:136px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 75.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:381px;top:98px;height:130px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 73%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:408px;top:98px;height:130px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 72.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:435px;top:98px;height:134px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 75%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:462px;top:99px;height:135px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 75.6%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:489px;top:98px;height:138px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 77.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:516px;top:99px;height:137px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 76.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:543px;top:100px;height:139px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 77.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:570px;top:96px;height:140px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 78.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:597px;top:99px;height:136px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 76.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:624px;top:96px;height:138px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 77%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:651px;top:94px;height:133px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 74.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:678px;top:103px;height:133px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 74.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:705px;top:102px;height:133px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 74.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:732px;top:102px;height:132px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 73.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:759px;top:102px;height:134px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 74.8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:786px;top:106px;height:133px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 74.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:813px;top:108px;height:131px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 73.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:840px;top:110px;height:128px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 71.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:867px;top:111px;height:126px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:green;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid green;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Black: 70.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 0.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:246px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:300px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:327px;top:92px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:354px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 1.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:381px;top:94px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:408px;top:93px;height:4px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:435px;top:93px;height:4px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:462px;top:93px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:489px;top:92px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:516px;top:93px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:543px;top:92px;height:7px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 4.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:570px;top:90px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:597px;top:91px;height:7px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 4.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:624px;top:90px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:651px;top:91px;height:2px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 1.8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:678px;top:92px;height:10px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 6.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:705px;top:93px;height:8px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 4.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:732px;top:98px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:759px;top:98px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:786px;top:102px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:813px;top:102px;height:5px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 3.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:840px;top:106px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:867px;top:107px;height:3px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:red;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid red;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Latino: 2.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:327px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:354px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:381px;top:92px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:408px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:435px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:462px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:489px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:516px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:543px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:570px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:597px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:624px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:651px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:678px;top:90px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:705px;top:91px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:732px;top:96px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.6%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:759px;top:96px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:786px;top:100px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:813px;top:100px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:840px;top:104px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:867px;top:105px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:orange;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid orange;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Asian: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.5%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:381px;top:89px;height:2px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 1.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:408px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 1.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:435px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:462px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 1.1%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:489px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.7%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:516px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:543px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.4%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:570px;top:86px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:597px;top:87px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:624px;top:86px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:651px;top:87px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.2%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:678px;top:88px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:705px;top:89px;height:1px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 0.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:732px;top:89px;height:6px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 3.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:759px;top:89px;height:6px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 3.9%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:786px;top:89px;height:10px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 6.3%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:813px;top:88px;height:11px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 6.6%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:840px;top:90px;height:13px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 8%"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:867px;top:88px;height:16px;min-width:19px;max-width:19px;background-color:cyan;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid cyan;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Other: 9.7%"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;height:270px;min-width:100px;max-width:100px;"> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:215px;padding:0 2px">25</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:225px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:170px;padding:0 2px">50</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:180px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:125px;padding:0 2px">75</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:135px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:80px;padding:0 2px">100</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:90px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:35px;padding:0 2px">125</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:45px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:-10px;padding:0 2px">150</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:0px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;top:270px;left:100px;width:900px;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:1px;top:10px;min-width:25px;max-width:25px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">1990</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:13.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:271px;top:10px;min-width:25px;max-width:25px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2000</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:283.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:514px;top:10px;min-width:25px;max-width:25px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2010</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:526.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:784px;top:10px;min-width:25px;max-width:25px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2020</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:796.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> </div> </div> <div> <ul style="list-style:none;column-width:12em;"><li><span style="padding:0 1em;background-color:blue;border:1px solid blue;margin-right:1em;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;"> </span> White</li> <li><span style="padding:0 1em;background-color:green;border:1px solid green;margin-right:1em;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;"> </span> Black</li> <li><span style="padding:0 1em;background-color:red;border:1px solid red;margin-right:1em;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;"> </span> Latino</li> <li><span style="padding:0 1em;background-color:orange;border:1px solid orange;margin-right:1em;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;"> </span> Asian</li> <li><span style="padding:0 1em;background-color:cyan;border:1px solid cyan;margin-right:1em;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;"> </span> Other</li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coaches">Coaches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Coaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bill_Russell" title="Bill Russell">Bill Russell</a> in 1966 became the first non-white and African American <a href="/wiki/Head_coach" title="Head coach">head coach</a> in the NBA.<sup id="cite_ref-leonhardt_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leonhardt-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2013_report_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_report-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 1980s, teams began hiring black coaches in large numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-leonhardt_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leonhardt-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_NBA_season" title="2011–12 NBA season">2011–12 season</a>, the league had an NBA-high 16 <a href="/wiki/Person_of_color" title="Person of color">head coaches of color</a>, including its then-high 14 blacks.<sup id="cite_ref-lapchick2023_pp2_17_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lapchick2023_pp2_17-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the start of the <a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_NBA_season" title="2015–16 NBA season">2015–16 season</a>, there were seven black head coaches in the league, down 50 percent from three years earlier, and the fewest in 16 years.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_NBA_season" title="2022–23 NBA season">2022–23 season</a>, the NBA had a record-high 15 black head coaches and matched its high of 16 head coaches of color.<sup id="cite_ref-lapchick2023_pp2_17_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lapchick2023_pp2_17-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Owners">Owners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Owners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_L._Johnson_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Robert_L._Johnson_2006.jpg/170px-Robert_L._Johnson_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Robert_L._Johnson_2006.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Johnson" title="Robert L. Johnson">Robert Johnson</a> became the first black majority NBA team owner in 2004.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Johnson" title="Robert L. Johnson">Robert Johnson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Hornets" title="Charlotte Hornets">Charlotte Bobcats</a> (now known as the Charlotte Hornets) was the first black majority team owner in the NBA in 2004–05.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was succeeded as Bobcats owner in 2010–11 by another African American, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-slam_2011_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slam_2011-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013–14, Jordan and <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Kings" title="Sacramento Kings">Sacramento Kings</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Vivek_Ranadiv%C3%A9" title="Vivek Ranadivé">Vivek Ranadivé</a>, who is Indian, marked the first time in the history of major pro sports leagues in the U.S. that there were two non-white majority owners in a league.<sup id="cite_ref-2015_report_card_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015_report_card-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of NBA teams with non-white majority owners increased to three in September 2019 with the league approval of Taiwanese Canadian entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Tsai" title="Joseph Tsai">Joseph Tsai</a>'s purchase of Russian <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Prokhorov" title="Mikhail Prokhorov">Mikhail Prokhorov</a>'s 51 percent share in the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Nets" title="Brooklyn Nets">Brooklyn Nets</a>. Tsai had previously held a 49 percent interest in the team, having acquired that stake from Prokhorov in 2018, and exercised an option to purchase the remaining interest before its 2021 expiration date.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viewership_demographics">Viewership demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Viewership demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among NBA fans during the 2013–14 season, African Americans (844 minutes) and <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian Americans</a> (719) spent the most time watching the league, followed by <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a> (of any race, 390) and Whites (290).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, according to a Nielsen's survey, the NBA has the highest share of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">black</a> viewers, with 45 percent of its viewers being black and 40 percent of viewers being <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">white</a>, making it the only top North American sport that did not have a white majority audience.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 2016–17 season, 66 percent of the league's viewers were racial and ethnic minorities. Its audience was 47 percent Blacks, 34 percent Whites, 11 percent Hispanics (of any race), and 8 percent Asians.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Timothy J. Piper examines how the NBA uses archival sports video in its advertising to give the impression that racial issues don't exist in the league, despite the fact that they do. The NBA tried to revitalize its brand prior to 2007 as a result of issues like dwindling attendance and broadcast ratings. In particular, it introduced a "business casual" attire policy for players in 2005 as part of its effort to distance itself from facets of hip-hop culture. The league's efforts to solve its economic fall were tied to this clothing code, which was intended to redefine player uniforms for NBA commerce, according to then-NBA Commissioner David Stern. This was all in order to enhance the league's image; some players welcomed this idea. The article also notes the NBA's 2007 advertising campaign, "Where Amazing Happens," which featured archival footage and signaled a change in the league's branding approach. The goal of this campaign, which marked a change from prior ones, was to portray the NBA as varied but "raceless".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Basketball_Clipart.svg/28px-Basketball_Clipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Basketball_Clipart.svg/42px-Basketball_Clipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Basketball_Clipart.svg/56px-Basketball_Clipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Basketball" title="Portal:Basketball">Basketball portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/31px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/47px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/62px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_participation_in_college_basketball" title="Black participation in college basketball">Black participation in college basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_sports" title="Race and sports">Race and sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_color_line" title="Baseball color line">Baseball color line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_players_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of NBA players born outside the United States">List of NBA players born outside the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_NBA_coaches" title="List of foreign NBA coaches">List of foreign NBA coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NHL" title="Race and ethnicity in the NHL">Race and ethnicity in the NHL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_sports_firsts" title="List of African-American sports firsts">List of African-American sports firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Race and ethnicity in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some sources conflict and list Clifton as the first African American to sign in the NBA.<sup id="cite_ref-color_line_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-color_line-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lapchick began the reports, known previously as the <i>Racial Report Card</i>, while with the Center for the Study of Sport in Society at <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University" title="Northeastern University">Northeastern University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2011report_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011report-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-vecsey-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vecsey_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vecsey_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVecsey2012" class="citation news cs1">Vecsey, George (February 15, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/15/sports/basketball/knicks-pioneer-roots-for-the-underdog-in-lin-george-vecsey.html">"The Old Guard Welcomes the New Guard"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. B10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042147/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/15/sports/basketball/knicks-pioneer-roots-for-the-underdog-in-lin-george-vecsey.html?_r=1">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Old+Guard+Welcomes+the+New+Guard&rft.pages=B10&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.aulast=Vecsey&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F02%2F15%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fknicks-pioneer-roots-for-the-underdog-in-lin-george-vecsey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023_report_card-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2023_report_card_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="lapchick2023" class="citation web cs1">Lapchick, Richard (August 3, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tidesport.org/_files/ugd/c01324_abb94cf8275d49499e89fa14f0777901.pdf">"The 2023 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>tidesport.org</i>. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241105053735/https://www.tidesport.org/_files/ugd/c01324_abb94cf8275d49499e89fa14f0777901.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 5, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tidesport.org&rft.atitle=The+2023+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card%3A+National+Basketball+Association&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2023-08-03&rft.aulast=Lapchick&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tidesport.org%2F_files%2Fugd%2Fc01324_abb94cf8275d49499e89fa14f0777901.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandrum_Jr.2012" class="citation news cs1">Landrum Jr., Jonathan (February 11, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140115052048/http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/black-nba-player-honor-hawks-game-15563554">"First Black NBA Player Gets Honor at Hawks Game"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/black-nba-player-honor-hawks-game-15563554#.T0Utt3nN1EI">the original</a> on January 15, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=First+Black+NBA+Player+Gets+Honor+at+Hawks+Game&rft.date=2012-02-11&rft.aulast=Landrum+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FSports%2FwireStory%2Fblack-nba-player-honor-hawks-game-15563554%23.T0Utt3nN1EI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2019" class="citation news cs1">Goldstein, Richard (November 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/21/sports/basketball/wat-misaka-dead.html">"Wat Misaka, 95, First Nonwhite in Modern Pro Basketball, Dies"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wat+Misaka%2C+95%2C+First+Nonwhite+in+Modern+Pro+Basketball%2C+Dies&rft.date=2019-11-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F11%2F21%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fwat-misaka-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-color_line-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-color_line_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-color_line_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-color_line_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218012756/http://www.nba.com/history/season/19501951.html">"NBA's Color Line Is Broken"</a>. <i>NBA.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nba.com/history/season/19501951.html">the original</a> on February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBA.com&rft.atitle=NBA%27s+Color+Line+Is+Broken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fhistory%2Fseason%2F19501951.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kcstar-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kcstar_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kcstar_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDowell2013" class="citation news cs1">McDowell, Sam (March 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kansascity.com/2013/03/08/4109211/sumner-grad-harold-hunter-first.html">"Sumner grad Harold Hunter, first African American to sign with NBA team, dies at 86"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansas City Star">Kansas City Star</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kansas+City+Star&rft.atitle=Sumner+grad+Harold+Hunter%2C+first+African+American+to+sign+with+NBA+team%2C+dies+at+86&rft.date=2013-03-09&rft.aulast=McDowell&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansascity.com%2F2013%2F03%2F08%2F4109211%2Fsumner-grad-harold-hunter-first.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timespicayune-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-timespicayune_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-timespicayune_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/xavier/index.ssf/2013/03/pioneering_coach_harold_hunter.html">"NBA pioneer Harold Hunter, an ex-Xavier coach, died Thursday"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="Times-Picayune">Times-Picayune</a></i>. March 7, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=NBA+pioneer+Harold+Hunter%2C+an+ex-Xavier+coach%2C+died+Thursday&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fxavier%2Findex.ssf%2F2013%2F03%2Fpioneering_coach_harold_hunter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citypaper-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-citypaper_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131102164059/http://nashvillecitypaper.com/content/sports/former-tennessee-state-basketball-coach-harold-hunter-dies">"Former Tennessee State basketball coach Harold Hunter dies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_City_Paper" title="The City Paper">The City Paper</a></i>. March 7, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nashvillecitypaper.com/content/sports/former-tennessee-state-basketball-coach-harold-hunter-dies">the original</a> on November 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+City+Paper&rft.atitle=Former+Tennessee+State+basketball+coach+Harold+Hunter+dies&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnashvillecitypaper.com%2Fcontent%2Fsports%2Fformer-tennessee-state-basketball-coach-harold-hunter-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowell" class="citation news cs1">Howell, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nba.com/pistons/news/bhm_sixwhopavedtheway.html">"Six Who Paved the Way"</a>. <i>NBA.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130311141423/http://www.nba.com/pistons/news/bhm_sixwhopavedtheway.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBA.com&rft.atitle=Six+Who+Paved+the+Way&rft.aulast=Howell&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fpistons%2Fnews%2Fbhm_sixwhopavedtheway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagner" class="citation news cs1">Wagner, Jeremy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/nba/dailydime/_/page/dime-100117/daily-dime">"9.Firsts For African-Americans"</a>. <i>ESPN.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110215952/http://espn.go.com/nba/dailydime/_/page/dime-100117/daily-dime">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN.com&rft.atitle=9.Firsts+For+African-Americans&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fnba%2Fdailydime%2F_%2Fpage%2Fdime-100117%2Fdaily-dime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpears2009" class="citation news cs1">Spears, Marc J. (April 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/sports/basketball/celtics/articles/2009/04/23/chicago_has_long_history_of_courtship/">"Chicago has long history of courtship"</a>. <i>Boston Globe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140223090856/http://www.boston.com/sports/basketball/celtics/articles/2009/04/23/chicago_has_long_history_of_courtship/">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Chicago+has+long+history+of+courtship&rft.date=2009-04-23&rft.aulast=Spears&rft.aufirst=Marc+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fceltics%2Farticles%2F2009%2F04%2F23%2Fchicago_has_long_history_of_courtship%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pomerantz" class="citation book cs1">Pomerantz, Gary M. (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilt1962nightof00pome/page/54"><i>Wilt, 1962: The Night of 100 Points and the Dawn of a New Era</i></a></span>. New York: Crown. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilt1962nightof00pome/page/54">54</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4000-5160-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4000-5160-6"><bdi>1-4000-5160-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilt%2C+1962%3A+The+Night+of+100+Points+and+the+Dawn+of+a+New+Era&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Crown&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-4000-5160-6&rft.aulast=Pomerantz&rft.aufirst=Gary+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilt1962nightof00pome%2Fpage%2F54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naismith_Hall-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Naismith_Hall_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314083208/http://www.hoophall.com/news/2012/2/24/five-direct-elects-for-the-class-of-2012-announced-by-the-na.html">"Five Direct-Elects for the Class of 2012 Announced By the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame"</a> (Press release). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Direct-Elects+for+the+Class+of+2012+Announced+By+the+Naismith+Memorial+Basketball+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=Naismith+Memorial+Basketball+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoophall.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F2%2F24%2Ffive-direct-elects-for-the-class-of-2012-announced-by-the-na.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#pomerantz">Pomerantz 2005</a>, pp.53, 123</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMotenko2006" class="citation news cs1">Motenko, Joshua (July 11, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130118040957/http://www.nbadraft.net/globalization-basketball-latin-america-part-1">"The Globalization of Basketball: Latin America (Part 1)"</a>. <i>NBADraft.net</i>. 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Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200220191615/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/basketball/2010-11-26-2050410337_x.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=China+beats+South+Korea+77-71+in+Asian+Games+final&rft.date=2012-11-26&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2F2010-11-26-2050410337_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2011" class="citation news cs1">Beck, Howard (December 29, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/29/sports/basketball/jeremy-lin-knicks-newest-addition-is-out-to-prove-hes-not-just-a-novelty.html?_r=1">"Newest Knick Out to Prove He's Not Just a Novelty"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. B10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218065624/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/29/sports/basketball/jeremy-lin-knicks-newest-addition-is-out-to-prove-hes-not-just-a-novelty.html?_r=1">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Newest+Knick+Out+to+Prove+He%27s+Not+Just+a+Novelty&rft.pages=B10&rft.date=2011-12-29&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F12%2F29%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fjeremy-lin-knicks-newest-addition-is-out-to-prove-hes-not-just-a-novelty.html%3F_r%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoth2012" class="citation news cs1">Roth, David (February 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.wsj.com/dailyfix/2012/02/07/jeremy-lin-new-york-knicks-the-nbas-unlikeliest-new-hero/">"The NBA's Unlikeliest New Hero"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211023936/http://blogs.wsj.com/dailyfix/2012/02/07/jeremy-lin-new-york-knicks-the-nbas-unlikeliest-new-hero/">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=The+NBA%27s+Unlikeliest+New+Hero&rft.date=2012-02-07&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.wsj.com%2Fdailyfix%2F2012%2F02%2F07%2Fjeremy-lin-new-york-knicks-the-nbas-unlikeliest-new-hero%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101231054535/http://www.nba.com/2010/news/07/28/lin.taiwan.ap/index.html">"Warriors' Lin hopes to break new ground in NBA"</a>. NBA. July 28, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nba.com/2010/news/07/28/lin.taiwan.ap/index.html">the original</a> on December 31, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warriors%27+Lin+hopes+to+break+new+ground+in+NBA&rft.pub=NBA&rft.date=2010-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2F2010%2Fnews%2F07%2F28%2Flin.taiwan.ap%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011report-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2011report_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011report_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLapchickAristeguietaClarkCloud2011" class="citation web cs1">Lapchick, Richard; Aristeguieta, Francisco; Clark, Wayne; Cloud, Christina; Florzak, Anna; Frazier, Demetrius; Kuhn, Michael; Record, Tavia; Vinson, Matthew (June 16, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nebula.wsimg.com/5c3ee561dd22b1c357ed0c735e95363d?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">"The 2011 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association"</a>. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824074408/http://nebula.wsimg.com/5c3ee561dd22b1c357ed0c735e95363d?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2011+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card%3A+National+Basketball+Association&rft.pub=The+Institute+for+Diversity+and+Ethics+in+Sport&rft.date=2011-06-16&rft.aulast=Lapchick&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Aristeguieta%2C+Francisco&rft.au=Clark%2C+Wayne&rft.au=Cloud%2C+Christina&rft.au=Florzak%2C+Anna&rft.au=Frazier%2C+Demetrius&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+Michael&rft.au=Record%2C+Tavia&rft.au=Vinson%2C+Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnebula.wsimg.com%2F5c3ee561dd22b1c357ed0c735e95363d%3FAccessKeyId%3DDAC3A56D8FB782449D2A%26disposition%3D0%26alloworigin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141222224013/http://today.ucf.edu/expert/richard-lapchick/">"Richard Lapchick, Director of the DeVos Sport Business Management Program"</a>. University of Central Florida. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://today.ucf.edu/expert/richard-lapchick/">the original</a> on December 22, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Richard+Lapchick%2C+Director+of+the+DeVos+Sport+Business+Management+Program&rft.pub=University+of+Central+Florida&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftoday.ucf.edu%2Fexpert%2Frichard-lapchick%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slam_2011-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-slam_2011_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slam_2011_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slamonline.com/online/nba/2011/06/study-2011-nba-racial-and-gender-report-card/">"Study: 2011 NBA Racial and Gender Report Card"</a>. <i>SlamOnline.com</i>. Source Interlink Magazines. June 16, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120628232549/http://www.slamonline.com/online/nba/2011/06/study-2011-nba-racial-and-gender-report-card/">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SlamOnline.com&rft.atitle=Study%3A+2011+NBA+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card&rft.date=2011-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slamonline.com%2Fonline%2Fnba%2F2011%2F06%2Fstudy-2011-nba-racial-and-gender-report-card%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=I34iAAAAIBAJ&pg=1502%2C4071093">"Pro sports get 'racial report card'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Item</i>. The Associated Press. July 23, 1991. p. 2B<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2015</span>. <q>This is the second year the center issued its 'Racial Report Card.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Item&rft.atitle=Pro+sports+get+%27racial+report+card%27&rft.pages=2B&rft.date=1991-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DI34iAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1502%252C4071093&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCelzic" class="citation news cs1">Celzic, Mike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121013001022/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/5174678">"Race has nothing to do with NBA's success"</a>. <i>NBCSports.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/5174678/">the original</a> on October 13, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBCSports.com&rft.atitle=Race+has+nothing+to+do+with+NBA%27s+success&rft.aulast=Celzic&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnbcsports.msnbc.com%2Fid%2F5174678%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuhn2007" class="citation book cs1">Kuhn, David Paul (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RTpUCV9uVI4C&q=%22couple%20of%20white%20guys%20in%20there%22%20larry%20bird&pg=PA205"><i>The Neglected Voter: White Men and the Democratic Dilemma</i></a>. Macmillan. p. 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781403982742" title="Special:BookSources/9781403982742"><bdi>9781403982742</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Neglected+Voter%3A+White+Men+and+the+Democratic+Dilemma&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781403982742&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.aufirst=David+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRTpUCV9uVI4C%26q%3D%2522couple%2520of%2520white%2520guys%2520in%2520there%2522%2520larry%2520bird%26pg%3DPA205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pro.morningconsult.com/articles/nfl-isnt-divisive-sport-america">"The NFL Isn't the Only Divisive Sport in America"</a>. <i>Morning Consult Pro</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Morning+Consult+Pro&rft.atitle=The+NFL+Isn%27t+the+Only+Divisive+Sport+in+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpro.morningconsult.com%2Farticles%2Fnfl-isnt-divisive-sport-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpears2016" class="citation web cs1">Spears, Marc J. (October 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://andscape.com/features/white-american-nba-players/">"Where Are All the White American NBA Players?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Andscape" title="Andscape">Andscape</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Where+Are+All+the+White+American+NBA+Players%3F&rft.pub=Andscape&rft.date=2016-10-25&rft.aulast=Spears&rft.aufirst=Marc+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fwhite-american-nba-players%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#lapchick2023">Lapchick 2023</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leonhardt-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leonhardt_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leonhardt_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonhardtFessenden2005" class="citation news cs1">Leonhardt, David; Fessenden, Ford (March 22, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/22/sports/basketball/22coaches.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print&position=&">"Black Coaches in N.B.A. Have Shorter Tenures"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140513075130/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/22/sports/basketball/22coaches.html?_r=2&pagewanted=print&position=&">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Black+Coaches+in+N.B.A.+Have+Shorter+Tenures&rft.date=2005-03-22&rft.aulast=Leonhardt&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Fessenden%2C+Ford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F03%2F22%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2F22coaches.html%3F_r%3D1%26pagewanted%3Dprint%26position%3D%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2013_report-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2013_report_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLapchickHippertRiveraRobinson2013" class="citation web cs1">Lapchick, Richard; Hippert, Andrew; Rivera, Stephanie; Robinson, Jason (June 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tidesport.org/RGRC/2013/2013_NBA_RGRC.pdf">"The 2013 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>tidesport.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140428232320/http://www.tidesport.org/RGRC/2013/2013_NBA_RGRC.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on April 28, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tidesport.org&rft.atitle=The+2013+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card%3A+National+Basketball+Association&rft.date=2013-06-25&rft.aulast=Lapchick&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Hippert%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Rivera%2C+Stephanie&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tidesport.org%2FRGRC%2F2013%2F2013_NBA_RGRC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lapchick2023_pp2_17-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lapchick2023_pp2_17_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lapchick2023_pp2_17_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#lapchick2023">Lapchick 2023</a>, pp. 2, 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2015" class="citation news cs1">Beck, Howard (November 6, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2584463-where-are-all-the-black-nba-coaches-examining-a-sudden-silent-disappearance">"Where Are All the Black NBA Coaches? Examining a Sudden, Silent Disappearance"</a>. <i>Bleacher Report</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151112004623/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2584463-where-are-all-the-black-nba-coaches-examining-a-sudden-silent-disappearance">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bleacher+Report&rft.atitle=Where+Are+All+the+Black+NBA+Coaches%3F+Examining+a+Sudden%2C+Silent+Disappearance&rft.date=2015-11-06&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbleacherreport.com%2Farticles%2F2584463-where-are-all-the-black-nba-coaches-examining-a-sudden-silent-disappearance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLapchick2005" class="citation web cs1">Lapchick, Richard (May 4, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nebula.wsimg.com/45f0c0ea011c3c94cdba4b955f7fb533?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">"The 2004 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association"</a>. The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305020757/http://nebula.wsimg.com/45f0c0ea011c3c94cdba4b955f7fb533?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2004+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card%3A+National+Basketball+Association&rft.pub=The+Institute+for+Diversity+and+Ethics+in+Sport&rft.date=2005-05-04&rft.aulast=Lapchick&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnebula.wsimg.com%2F45f0c0ea011c3c94cdba4b955f7fb533%3FAccessKeyId%3DDAC3A56D8FB782449D2A%26disposition%3D0%26alloworigin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2015_report_card-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2015_report_card_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLapchickGuiao2015" class="citation web cs1">Lapchick, Richard; Guiao, Angelica (July 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160122035854/http://nebula.wsimg.com/6e1489cc3560e1e1a2fa88e3030f5149?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">"The 2015 Racial and Gender Report Card: National Basketball Association"</a>. <i>tidesport.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nebula.wsimg.com/6e1489cc3560e1e1a2fa88e3030f5149?AccessKeyId=DAC3A56D8FB782449D2A&disposition=0&alloworigin=1">the original</a> on January 22, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tidesport.org&rft.atitle=The+2015+Racial+and+Gender+Report+Card%3A+National+Basketball+Association&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.aulast=Lapchick&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Guiao%2C+Angelica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnebula.wsimg.com%2F6e1489cc3560e1e1a2fa88e3030f5149%3FAccessKeyId%3DDAC3A56D8FB782449D2A%26disposition%3D0%26alloworigin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOzanian" class="citation web cs1">Ozanian, Mike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/02/20/alibabas-joseph-tsai-closes-deal-for-49-of-brooklyn-nets/">"Alibaba's Joseph Tsai Reportedly Closes Deal For 49% Of Brooklyn Nets"</a>. <i>Forbes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Alibaba%27s+Joseph+Tsai+Reportedly+Closes+Deal+For+49%25+Of+Brooklyn+Nets&rft.aulast=Ozanian&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmikeozanian%2F2018%2F02%2F20%2Falibabas-joseph-tsai-closes-deal-for-49-of-brooklyn-nets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nba.com/article/2019/09/18/nba-approves-nets-sale-joe-tsai-david-levy-ceo">"NBA Board of Governors approves sale of Nets to Joe Tsai"</a> (Press release). National Basketball Association. September 18, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NBA+Board+of+Governors+approves+sale+of+Nets+to+Joe+Tsai&rft.pub=National+Basketball+Association&rft.date=2019-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Farticle%2F2019%2F09%2F18%2Fnba-approves-nets-sale-joe-tsai-david-levy-ceo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2015/hoop-dreams-multicultural-diversity-in-nba-viewership">"Hoop Dreams: Multicultural Diversity in NBA Viewership"</a>. <i>www.nielsen.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nielsen.com&rft.atitle=Hoop+Dreams%3A+Multicultural+Diversity+in+NBA+Viewership&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nielsen.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Finsights%2Fnews%2F2015%2Fhoop-dreams-multicultural-diversity-in-nba-viewership&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2014" class="citation web cs1">Thompson, Derek (February 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/02/which-sports-have-the-whitest-richest-oldest-fans/283626/">"Which Sports Have the Whitest/Richest/Oldest Fans?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Which+Sports+Have+the+Whitest%2FRichest%2FOldest+Fans%3F&rft.date=2014-02-10&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fbusiness%2Farchive%2F2014%2F02%2Fwhich-sports-have-the-whitest-richest-oldest-fans%2F283626%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://morningconsult.com/2018/01/25/nfl-isnt-divisive-sport-america/">"The NFL Isn't the Only Divisive Sport in America"</a>. January 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+NFL+Isn%27t+the+Only+Divisive+Sport+in+America&rft.date=2018-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmorningconsult.com%2F2018%2F01%2F25%2Fnfl-isnt-divisive-sport-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiper2018" class="citation journal cs1">Piper, Timothy J. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/movingimage.18.1.0001">"Where "Post-Race" Happens: National Basketball Association Branding and the Recontextualization of Archival Sports Footage"</a>. <i>The Moving Image: The Journal of the Association of Moving Image Archivists</i>. <b>18</b> (1): 1–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5749%2Fmovingimage.18.1.0001">10.5749/movingimage.18.1.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1532-3978">1532-3978</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/movingimage.18.1.0001">10.5749/movingimage.18.1.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:192265280">192265280</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Moving+Image%3A+The+Journal+of+the+Association+of+Moving+Image+Archivists&rft.atitle=Where+%22Post-Race%22+Happens%3A+National+Basketball+Association+Branding+and+the+Recontextualization+of+Archival+Sports+Footage&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-24&rft.date=2018&rft.issn=1532-3978&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A192265280%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.5749%2Fmovingimage.18.1.0001%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5749%2Fmovingimage.18.1.0001&rft.aulast=Piper&rft.aufirst=Timothy+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.5749%2Fmovingimage.18.1.0001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalbWeinstein2009" class="citation book cs1">Kalb, Elliot; Weinstein, Mark (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nQd8MHuaXysC&q=color%20barrier%20nba&pg=PA25"><i>The 30 greatest sports conspiracy theories of all time: ranking sports' most notorious fixes, cover-ups, and scandals</i></a>. Skyhorse Publishing. pp. 25–34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-678-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-678-4"><bdi>978-1-60239-678-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+30+greatest+sports+conspiracy+theories+of+all+time%3A+ranking+sports%27+most+notorious+fixes%2C+cover-ups%2C+and+scandals&rft.pages=25-34&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60239-678-4&rft.aulast=Kalb&rft.aufirst=Elliot&rft.au=Weinstein%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnQd8MHuaXysC%26q%3Dcolor%2520barrier%2520nba%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span> Discusses racial quota in the NBA through the early 1960s.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge1999" class="citation news cs1">George, Nelson (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-GvHh1xQ3GgC&q=%22tommy+curtis%22+ucla&pg=PA143">"Elevating the Game: Black Men and Basketball"</a>. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 139–43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780803270855" title="Special:BookSources/9780803270855"><bdi>9780803270855</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elevating+the+Game%3A+Black+Men+and+Basketball&rft.pages=139-43&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780803270855&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-GvHh1xQ3GgC%26q%3D%2522tommy%2Bcurtis%2522%2Bucla%26pg%3DPA143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider-Mayerson2010" class="citation news cs1">Schneider-Mayerson, Matthew (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/225008">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Too Black': Race in the 'Dark Ages' of the National Basketball Association"</a>. The International Journal of Sport and Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Too+Black%27%3A+Race+in+the+%27Dark+Ages%27+of+the+National+Basketball+Association&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Schneider-Mayerson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F225008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARace+and+ethnicity+in+the+NBA" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_NBA&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tidesport.org/nba">The national basketball association racial & gender report card</a> at tidesport.org</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#D0E7FF !important; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Conference_(NBA)" title="Eastern Conference (NBA)">Eastern<br />Conference</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background-color:#D0E7FF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#D0E7FF;"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Division_(NBA)" title="Atlantic Division (NBA)">Atlantic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Nets" title="Brooklyn Nets">Brooklyn Nets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_York_Knicks" title="New York Knicks">New York Knicks</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_76ers" title="Philadelphia 76ers">Philadelphia 76ers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Raptors" title="Toronto Raptors">Toronto Raptors</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#D0E7FF;"><a href="/wiki/Central_Division_(NBA)" title="Central Division (NBA)">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls" title="Chicago Bulls">Chicago Bulls</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Pistons" title="Detroit Pistons">Detroit Pistons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Pacers" title="Indiana Pacers">Indiana Pacers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Bucks" title="Milwaukee Bucks">Milwaukee Bucks</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#D0E7FF;"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Division_(NBA)" title="Southeast Division (NBA)">Southeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Hawks" title="Atlanta Hawks">Atlanta Hawks</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Hornets" title="Charlotte Hornets">Charlotte Hornets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Miami_Heat" title="Miami Heat">Miami Heat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Magic" title="Orlando Magic">Orlando Magic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Washington_Wizards" title="Washington Wizards">Washington Wizards</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFCCCC !important; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Western_Conference_(NBA)" title="Western Conference (NBA)">Western<br />Conference</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background-color:#FFCCCC;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFCCCC;"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Division_(NBA)" title="Northwest Division (NBA)">Northwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Denver_Nuggets" title="Denver Nuggets">Denver Nuggets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Timberwolves" title="Minnesota Timberwolves">Minnesota Timberwolves</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_Thunder" title="Oklahoma City Thunder">Oklahoma City Thunder</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portland_Trail_Blazers" title="Portland Trail Blazers">Portland Trail Blazers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Utah_Jazz" title="Utah Jazz">Utah Jazz</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFCCCC;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Division_(NBA)" title="Pacific Division (NBA)">Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Clippers" title="Los Angeles Clippers">Los Angeles Clippers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers" title="Los Angeles Lakers">Los Angeles Lakers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix Suns</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Kings" title="Sacramento Kings">Sacramento Kings</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFCCCC;"><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Division_(NBA)" title="Southwest Division (NBA)">Southwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Mavericks" title="Dallas Mavericks">Dallas Mavericks</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Houston_Rockets" title="Houston Rockets">Houston Rockets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Grizzlies" title="Memphis Grizzlies">Memphis Grizzlies</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Pelicans" title="New Orleans Pelicans">New Orleans Pelicans</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Spurs" title="San Antonio Spurs">San Antonio Spurs</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Annual events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_draft" title="NBA draft">Draft</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Eligibility_for_the_NBA_draft" title="Eligibility for the NBA draft">eligibility</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Summer_League" title="NBA Summer League">Summer League</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Christmas_games" title="NBA Christmas games">Christmas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Martin_Luther_King_Jr._Day_games" title="NBA Martin Luther King Jr. Day games">Martin Luther King Jr. Day</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_All-Star_weekend" title="NBA All-Star weekend">All-Star weekend</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_All-Star_Game" title="NBA All-Star Game">game</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Global_Games" title="NBA Global Games">Global Games</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Cup" title="NBA Cup">Cup tournament</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_play-in_tournament" title="NBA play-in tournament">Play-in</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_playoffs" title="NBA playoffs">Playoffs</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_playoff_series" title="List of NBA playoff series">list</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Finals" title="NBA Finals">finals</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_champions" title="List of NBA champions">champions</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd>Predecessors <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Basketball_Association_of_America" title="Basketball Association of America">BAA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(United_States)" title="National Basketball League (United States)">NBL</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/American_Basketball_Association" title="American Basketball Association">ABA</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/American_Basketball_Association%E2%80%93National_Basketball_Association_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="American Basketball Association–National Basketball Association merger">merger</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Walter_A._Brown_Trophy" title="Walter A. Brown Trophy">Walter A. Brown Trophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association_criticisms_and_controversies" class="mw-redirect" title="National Basketball Association criticisms and controversies">Criticisms and controversies</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/2007_NBA_betting_scandal" title="2007 NBA betting scandal">2007 Tim Donaghy betting scandal</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_lockout" title="NBA lockout">Lockouts</a></dd> <dd>Former divisions <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Division_(NBA)" title="Eastern Division (NBA)">Eastern</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Division_(NBA)" title="Midwest Division (NBA)">Midwest</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Western_Division_(NBA)" title="Western Division (NBA)">Western</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Teams <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_NBA_teams" title="List of defunct NBA teams">defunct</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_the_NBA" title="Expansion of the NBA">expansion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_relocated_NBA_teams" title="List of relocated NBA teams">relocated</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_NBA" title="Timeline of the NBA">timeline</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_seasons" title="List of NBA seasons">Seasons</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_2019%E2%80%9320_NBA_season" title="Suspension of the 2019–20 NBA season">2019–20 suspension</a> and <a href="/wiki/2020_NBA_Bubble" title="2020 NBA Bubble">bubble</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Records <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_regular_season_records" title="List of NBA regular season records">regular season</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_post-season_records" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NBA post-season records">postseason</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_All-Star_Game_records" title="List of NBA All-Star Game records">All-Star</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_all-time_NBA_win%E2%80%93loss_records" title="List of all-time NBA win–loss records">win–loss records</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_NBA_players" title="Lists of NBA players">Players</a> <dl><dd>current rosters <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NBA_Eastern_Conference_team_rosters" title="List of current NBA Eastern Conference team rosters">Eastern</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NBA_Western_Conference_team_rosters" title="List of current NBA Western Conference team rosters">Western</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_NBA_players" class="mw-redirect" title="List of foreign NBA players">foreign players</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">race and ethnicity</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_overall_NBA_draft_picks" title="List of first overall NBA draft picks">first overall draft picks</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Highest-paid_NBA_players_by_season" class="mw-redirect" title="Highest-paid NBA players by season">highest paid</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_banned_or_suspended_by_the_NBA" title="List of people banned or suspended by the NBA">banned or suspended</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Players_Association" title="National Basketball Players Association">NBPA</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_head_coaches_with_400_games_coached" title="List of NBA head coaches with 400 games coached">Head coaches</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NBA_head_coaches" title="List of current NBA head coaches">current</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_player-coaches" title="List of NBA player-coaches">player-coaches</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_championship_head_coaches" title="List of NBA championship head coaches">champions</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_NBA_coaches" title="List of foreign NBA coaches">foreign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_NBA_coaches" title="List of female NBA coaches">female</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Coaches_Association" title="National Basketball Coaches Association">NBCA</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_team_owners" title="List of NBA team owners">Owners</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_referees" title="List of NBA referees">Referees</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Referees_Association" title="National Basketball Referees Association">NBRA</a>)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards<br />and honors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien_Championship_Trophy" title="Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy">Larry O'Brien Trophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Podoloff_Trophy" title="Maurice Podoloff Trophy">Maurice Podoloff Trophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_awards" title="List of NBA awards">NBA awards</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Most_Valuable_Player" title="NBA Most Valuable Player">MVP</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Finals_Most_Valuable_Player" title="NBA Finals Most Valuable Player">Finals MVP</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_conference_finals_most_valuable_player" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA conference finals most valuable player">Conference finals MVP</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_All-Star_Game_Kobe_Bryant_Most_Valuable_Player" title="NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player">All-Star MVP</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Naismith_Memorial_Basketball_Hall_of_Fame" title="Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Naismith_Memorial_Basketball_Hall_of_Fame" title="List of members of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame">Members</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_anniversary_teams" title="NBA anniversary teams">Anniversary teams</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_retired_numbers" title="List of NBA retired numbers">Retired numbers</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_arenas" title="List of NBA arenas">Arenas</a></dd> <dd>Business <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_collective_bargaining_agreement" title="NBA collective bargaining agreement">collective bargaining agreement</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_jersey_sponsors" title="List of NBA jersey sponsors">jersey sponsors</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_salary_cap" title="NBA salary cap">salary cap</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBA_Store" title="NBA Store">NBA Store</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_NBA_teams_by_valuation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NBA teams by valuation">team valuations</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Culture <dl><dd><a 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