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Elections | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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<p>Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map.</p> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/members/register" class="b b-md b-primary">Create Account </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebarGrid"> <div class="sidebarContainerDesktop"> <div class="sb-anchor sb-collection-details"> <sidebar sb-header="collections" sb-subtitles-show="true" sb-search-route="/en/search" sb-search-placeholder="Search collections" sb-group-name="Articles by Topic" > <div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="1"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Biographies (23)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alexander-mackenzie"> <span>Alexander Mackenzie</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/arthur-meighen"> <span>Arthur Meighen</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/brian-mulroney"> <span>Brian Mulroney</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elizabeth-may"> <span>Elizabeth May</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gilles-duceppe"> <span>Gilles Duceppe</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/joseph-jacques-jean-chretien"> <span>Jean Chrétien</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-diefenbaker"> <span>John Diefenbaker</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/justin-trudeau"> <span>Justin Trudeau</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell"> <span>Kim Campbell</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lester-bowles-pearson"> <span>Lester B. Pearson</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/louis-st-laurent"> <span>Louis St-Laurent</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/pierre-elliott-trudeau"> <span>Pierre Elliott Trudeau</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/richard-bedford-viscount-bennett"> <span>R.B. Bennett</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-charles-tupper"> <span>Sir Charles Tupper</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-john-alexander-macdonald"> <span>Sir John A. Macdonald</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-john-abbott"> <span>Sir John Abbott</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-john-sparrow-david-thompson"> <span>Sir John Sparrow David Thompson</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-mackenzie-bowell"> <span>Sir Mackenzie Bowell</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-robert-borden"> <span>Sir Robert Borden</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier"> <span>Sir Wilfrid Laurier</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/stephen-joseph-harper"> <span>Stephen Harper</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/thomas-mulcair"> <span>Tom Mulcair</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/william-lyon-mackenzie-king"> <span>William Lyon Mackenzie King</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="2"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Electoral History (8)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/election-1891-a-question-of-loyalty-feature"> <span>Election 1891: A Question of Loyalty</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/election-1896-feature"> <span>Election of 1896</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/election-of-1917"> <span>Election of 1917</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/election-1988-feature"> <span>Election of 1988</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elections-of-1925-and-1926-feature"> <span>Elections of 1925 and 1926</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elections-of-1957-and-1958-feature"> <span>Elections of 1957 and 1958</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elections-of-1979-and-1980-feature"> <span>Elections of 1979 and 1980</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/voting-in-early-canada-feature"> <span>Voting in Early Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="3"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Electoral Systems (13)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elections"> <span>Canadian Elections</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/electoral-systems"> <span>Canadian Electoral System</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/party-system"> <span>Canadian Party System</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/electoral-reform"> <span>Electoral Reform in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/political-campaign"> <span>Political Campaigning in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/political-participation"> <span>Political Participation in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/party-financing"> <span>Political Party Financing in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/redistribution"> <span>Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/representative-government"> <span>Representative Government</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/responsible-government"> <span>Responsible Government</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/franchise"> <span>Right to Vote in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/electoral-behaviour"> <span>Voting Behaviour in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/voting-in-early-canada-feature"> <span>Voting in Early Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="4"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Government (4)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/coalition-government"> <span>Coalition Governments in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/federal-government"> <span>Federal Government</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/minority-government"> <span>Minority Governments in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/provincial-government"> <span>Provincial Government in Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="5"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Institutions (9)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/parliamentary-press-gallery"> <span>Canadian Parliamentary Press Gallery</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/office-of-chief-electoral-officer"> <span>Chief Electoral Officer</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/crown"> <span>Crown</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/governor-general"> <span>Governor General of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/house-of-commons"> <span>House of Commons</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/parliament"> <span>Parliament</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/prime-ministers-office"> <span>Prime Minister&#039;s Office</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/queen-elizabeth-ii"> <span>Queen Elizabeth II</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/senate"> <span>Senate of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="6"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Parliamentarians (5)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/cabinet"> <span>Cabinet</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/leader-of-the-opposition"> <span>Leader of the Opposition</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/member-of-parliament"> <span>Member of Parliament (MP)</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/prime-minister"> <span>Prime Minister of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/speaker"> <span>Speaker</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sb-group accordion-group sb-accordion-collection" data-accordion="7"> <div class="sb-tab accordion-head accordion-toggler"><div class="">Parties (12)</div><button class=""><img alt="toggler-icon" src="/images/i-arrow-toggle.svg" class="accordion-toggler-icon" class="toggler-icon">toggler</button></div> <div class="accordion-body accordion-collection-details"> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bloc-quebecois"> <span>Bloc Québécois</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/communist-party-of-canada"> <span>Communist Party of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/conservative-party"> <span>Conservative Party</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/green-party-of-canada"> <span>Green Party of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/labour-party"> <span>Labour Party</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/liberal-party"> <span>Liberal Party</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/new-democratic-party"> <span>New Democratic Party (NDP)</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/progressive-party"> <span>Progressive Party</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/reform-party-of-canada"> <span>Reform Party of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/rhinoceros-party"> <span>Rhinoceros Party</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/social-credit"> <span>Social Credit</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/socialist-party-of-canada"> <span>Socialist Party of Canada</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collectionSubDesktop"> <span class="sb-group-name">Timelines</span> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/elections-and-prime-ministers"><span>Elections and Prime Ministers</span></a></div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage"><span>Women&#039;s Suffrage</span></a></div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/indigenous-suffrage"><span>Indigenous Suffrage</span></a></div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-west"><span>Women&#039;s Suffrage in the West</span></a></div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-atlantic-canada"><span>Women&#039;s Suffrage in Atlantic Canada</span></a></div> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-north"><span>Women&#039;s Suffrage in the North</span></a></div> </div> <div class="collectionSubDesktop"> <span class="sb-group-name">Education</span> <div class="sb-tab sb-tab--separator"><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/studyguide/sir-john-a-macdonald-heritage-minute"><span>Sir John A. Macdonald: Heritage Minute</span></a></div> </div> <div class="collectionSubDesktop"> <span class="sb-group-name">Videos</span> <div class="sb-sidebar-video"> <div class="videomodalsingle"> <a class="js-callout-video js-callout callout-regular" data-videoURL="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vBGNEJpznNE?enablejsapi=1&amp;version=3&amp;playerapiid=ytplayer"> <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/vBGNEJpznNE/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Heritage Minutes: Sir John A. Macdonald" height="auto" width="100%"> <span class="callout-title">Heritage Minutes: Sir John A. Macdonald</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="sb-sidebar-video"> <div class="videomodalsingle"> <a class="js-callout-video js-callout callout-regular" data-videoURL="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SDS4gD5LgKo?enablejsapi=1&amp;version=3&amp;playerapiid=ytplayer"> <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SDS4gD5LgKo/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Heritage Minutes: Responsible Government" height="auto" width="100%"> <span class="callout-title">Heritage Minutes: Responsible Government</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="sb-sidebar-video"> <div class="videomodalsingle"> <a class="js-callout-video js-callout callout-regular" data-videoURL="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SdbG6EIHrbs?enablejsapi=1&amp;version=3&amp;playerapiid=ytplayer"> <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SdbG6EIHrbs/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Heritage Minutes: Nellie McClung" height="auto" width="100%"> <span class="callout-title">Heritage Minutes: Nellie McClung</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="sb-sidebar-video"> <div class="videomodalsingle"> <a class="js-callout-video js-callout callout-regular" data-videoURL="https://www.youtube.com/embed/VcACdpePyiM?enablejsapi=1&amp;version=3&amp;playerapiid=ytplayer"> <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/VcACdpePyiM/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Heritage Minutes: Sir George-Étienne Cartier" height="auto" width="100%"> <span class="callout-title">Heritage Minutes: Sir George-Étienne Cartier</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="sb-sidebar-video"> <div class="videomodalsingle"> <a class="js-callout-video js-callout callout-regular" data-videoURL="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7-BiMcZFhC0?enablejsapi=1&amp;version=3&amp;playerapiid=ytplayer"> <img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7-BiMcZFhC0/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Heritage Minutes: Baldwin &amp; LaFontaine" height="auto" width="100%"> <span class="callout-title">Heritage Minutes: Baldwin &amp; LaFontaine</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </sidebar> </div> </div> <div class="content-container-desktop"> <main id="pagination"> <article class="main-grid timeline-index"> <div class="main-grid__content--full"> </div> <div class="timeline-index__heading main-grid__content--full"> <div class="timeline-single__header"> <div class="timeline-single__header__info"> <span class="g-category text-xsmall"> collection </span> <h1 class="l-head-title">Elections</h1> <p><p> <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/elections/">Elections</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> are a process in which Canadian citizens express their preferences about who will represent and govern them. Those preferences are combined to decide which candidates will become </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/member-of-parliament/">Members of Parliament</a><span style="background-color: initial;">. Elections are fundamental to the operation of democracy in Canada as they are the central means by which citizens grant authority to those who govern them.</span> </p></p> </div> <div class="timeline-single__header__image-container"> <img alt="Canadian Parliament" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/11551bec-a5f6-4e78-b101-265ddf7610cb.jpg" data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/11551bec-a5f6-4e78-b101-265ddf7610cb.jpg" width="100%" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callouts-layout main-grid__content--full"> <h3 class="callouts-layout__title">Timelines</h3> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/39b78f3a-b1bb-47ec-aa0b-d4f5de005157.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/39b78f3a-b1bb-47ec-aa0b-d4f5de005157.jpg" alt="House of Commons" class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/elections-and-prime-ministers"> Elections and Prime Ministers </a> </h3> <p>This timeline lists events related to elections and Prime Ministers in Canada.</p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/elections-and-prime-ministers" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/88bab6f6-366c-45d5-be02-092e23d46e97.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/88bab6f6-366c-45d5-be02-092e23d46e97.jpg" alt="“Votes for Women” pennant" class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage"> Women&#039;s Suffrage </a> </h3> <p>Women in Canada obtained the right to vote in a sporadic fashion. Federal authorities granted them the franchise in 1918, more than two years after the women of Manitoba became the first to vote at the provincial level.</p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/2617aa3c-9753-4851-b870-a29783e97387.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/2617aa3c-9753-4851-b870-a29783e97387.jpg" alt="Mary Two-Axe Earley" class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/indigenous-suffrage"> Indigenous Suffrage </a> </h3> <p></p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/indigenous-suffrage" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/caad1258-7b0d-4136-b1c8-919fb7b00f33.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/caad1258-7b0d-4136-b1c8-919fb7b00f33.jpg" alt="Political Equality League Presents Petition, 1915 " class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-west"> Women&#039;s Suffrage in the West </a> </h3> <p></p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-west" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/88bab6f6-366c-45d5-be02-092e23d46e97.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/88bab6f6-366c-45d5-be02-092e23d46e97.jpg" alt="“Votes for Women” pennant" class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-atlantic-canada"> Women&#039;s Suffrage in Atlantic Canada </a> </h3> <p></p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-atlantic-canada" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> <div class="module-template-timeline-blocks callout callout-split timeline-blocks"> <div class="callout-img-wrap callout-split-img"> <img data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/8729a985-df0a-46bb-ad1f-35c35fa3cb1c.jpg" src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/8729a985-df0a-46bb-ad1f-35c35fa3cb1c.jpg" alt="Northern Lights" class="callout-img" /> </div> <div class="callout-split-desc"> <span class="g-category callout-cat text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h3 class="section-title"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-north"> Women&#039;s Suffrage in the North </a> </h3> <p></p> <a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/womens-suffrage-in-the-north" class="b-link b-arrow">Explore the Timeline</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callouts-layout main-grid__content--full"> <h3 class="callouts-layout__title">Education Guides</h3> <div class="callouts-layout__grid"> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <a class="callout-item__link" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/studyguide/sir-john-a-macdonald-heritage-minute" > Sir John A. Macdonald: Heritage Minute </a> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">Education Guide</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/340x207/media/studyguides/thumbnails/SAJ.jpg" class="image-container__image" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callouts-layout main-grid__content--full"> <h3 class="callouts-layout__title">Gallery</h3> <div class="callouts-layout__grid"> <div class="callout callout-regular"> <div class="callout-img-wrap"> <img class="callout-img" title="Gilles Duceppe, politician" src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/97ea7878-95be-4257-b2ba-cdbbec987d45.jpg" alt="Gilles Duceppe, politician"> </div> <h6 class="callout-title"> <button class="js-gallery-target link" data-imgURL="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/97ea7878-95be-4257-b2ba-cdbbec987d45.jpg" aria-label="open Gilles Duceppe, politician image details in modal"> Gilles Duceppe, politician </button> </h6> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callouts-layout main-grid__content--full"> <h3 class="callouts-layout__title">Videos</h3> <div id="videomodal" class="callouts-layout__grid--half"> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <button aria-label="open modal to view video Heritage Minutes: Sir John A. Macdonald" class="callout-item__link js-callout-video link" data-videoURL=https://youtube.com/embed/vBGNEJpznNE>Heritage Minutes: Sir John A. Macdonald</button> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">video</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img class="image-container__image" src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/vBGNEJpznNE/maxresdefault.jpg" data-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/vBGNEJpznNE/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> <span class="video-play-btn"></span> </div> </div> <div id="popup-image" class="modal"> <div class="popup-wrapper popup-wrapper-video"> <div class="popup-content"> <div class="popup-title"> <button class="popup-close" data-dismiss="modal"></button> </div> <div id="image-modal-body" class="popup-body"> <iframe class="iframe-video" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src=""></iframe> <img src="" class="popup-image" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <button aria-label="open modal to view video Heritage Minutes: Responsible Government" class="callout-item__link js-callout-video link" data-videoURL=https://youtube.com/embed/SDS4gD5LgKo>Heritage Minutes: Responsible Government</button> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">video</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img class="image-container__image" src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SDS4gD5LgKo/maxresdefault.jpg" data-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SDS4gD5LgKo/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> <span class="video-play-btn"></span> </div> </div> <div id="popup-image" class="modal"> <div class="popup-wrapper popup-wrapper-video"> <div class="popup-content"> <div class="popup-title"> <button class="popup-close" data-dismiss="modal"></button> </div> <div id="image-modal-body" class="popup-body"> <iframe class="iframe-video" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src=""></iframe> <img src="" class="popup-image" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <button aria-label="open modal to view video Heritage Minutes: Nellie McClung" class="callout-item__link js-callout-video link" data-videoURL=https://youtube.com/embed/SdbG6EIHrbs>Heritage Minutes: Nellie McClung</button> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">video</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img class="image-container__image" src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SdbG6EIHrbs/maxresdefault.jpg" data-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SdbG6EIHrbs/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> <span class="video-play-btn"></span> </div> </div> <div id="popup-image" class="modal"> <div class="popup-wrapper popup-wrapper-video"> <div class="popup-content"> <div class="popup-title"> <button class="popup-close" data-dismiss="modal"></button> </div> <div id="image-modal-body" class="popup-body"> <iframe class="iframe-video" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src=""></iframe> <img src="" class="popup-image" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <button aria-label="open modal to view video Heritage Minutes: Sir George-Étienne Cartier" class="callout-item__link js-callout-video link" data-videoURL=https://youtube.com/embed/VcACdpePyiM>Heritage Minutes: Sir George-Étienne Cartier</button> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">video</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img class="image-container__image" src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/VcACdpePyiM/maxresdefault.jpg" data-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/VcACdpePyiM/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> <span class="video-play-btn"></span> </div> </div> <div id="popup-image" class="modal"> <div class="popup-wrapper popup-wrapper-video"> <div class="popup-content"> <div class="popup-title"> <button class="popup-close" data-dismiss="modal"></button> </div> <div id="image-modal-body" class="popup-body"> <iframe class="iframe-video" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src=""></iframe> <img src="" class="popup-image" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <button aria-label="open modal to view video Heritage Minutes: Baldwin &amp; 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