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href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-services/training"></a> <div class="resource-image"> <img src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/2024/image%20(16).png" alt="image (16)"> </div> <div class="resource-content"> <span class="resource-desc"> Topsoe Academy™ is your chance to tap into over 80 years of accumulated knowledge </span> <span class="fake-link"> <span class="link-text">Find out more</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="resource-container"> <a class="real-link" href="https://www.topsoe.com/blog/co-processing-can-be-an-economical-saf-pathway-but-refineries-face-differing-costs"></a> <div class="resource-image"> <img 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </li> </div> </div> </ul> </div> <div class="inner-column reg-column column-index-3 resource-column resources-length-2"> <ul class="sub-menu"> <div class="resource-wrap resources-2"> <li> <span class="resource-section-headline"> Featured </span> <div class="resource-container"> <a class="real-link" href="https://www.topsoe.com/press-releases/topsoe-delivers-solid-financial-results-for-first-half-year-2024?hsLang=en"></a> <div class="resource-image"> <img src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/2024/NewsMedia_featured_top_272x200.jpg" alt="NewsMedia_featured_top_272x200"> </div> <div class="resource-content"> <span class="resource-desc"> Topsoe delivers solid financial results for first half-year 2024 </span> <span class="fake-link"> <span class="link-text">Read</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="resource-container"> <a class="real-link" href="https://www.topsoe.com/press-releases/worlds-first-of-its-kind-green-ammonia-plant-inaugurated-by-skovgaard-energy-vestas-and-topsoe?hsLang=en"></a> <div class="resource-image"> <img src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/2024/GettyImages-1277496844_Reduced%201%20(2).png" alt="GettyImages-1277496844_Reduced 1 (2)"> </div> <div class="resource-content"> <span class="resource-desc"> World’s first of its kind green ammonia plant inaugurated by Skovgaard Energy, ... </span> <span class="fake-link"> <span class="link-text">Read</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </div> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-item-wrap 2 has-children" aria-haspopup="true"> <a class="top-level linkless" role="menuitem">About</a> <div class="drop-wrap num-cols-3 resources one-resource" role="menu"> <div class="inner-menu"> <div class="inner-column reg-column intro-column column-index-1"> <span class="intro-headline"> About </span> </div> <div class="inner-column reg-column column-index-2 resources-length-0"> <ul class="sub-menu"> <div class="sub-menus-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menus-1"> <li class=""> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources" class="sub-menu-single external " role="menuitem"> <span class="text-wrap">About Topsoe</span> <span 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class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/corporate/corporate-governance" class="sub-menu-single external " role="menuitem"> <span class="text-wrap">Corporate governance</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/corporate/management/board-of-directors" class="sub-menu-single external " role="menuitem"> <span 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resources-2"> <li> <span class="resource-section-headline"> Featured </span> <div class="resource-container"> <div class="resource-image"> <img src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/2024/Img@2x.jpg" alt="Img@2x"> </div> <div class="resource-content"> <span class="resource-desc"> Topsoe delivers solid financial results for first half-year 2024 </span> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/press-releases/topsoe-delivers-solid-financial-results-for-first-half-year-2024?hsLang=en"> <span class="link-text">Read</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </div> </div> </li> <li> <span class="resource-section-headline no-headline">   </span> <div class="resource-container"> <div class="resource-image"> <img src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/2024/Featured%20article-Image%2001@2x.jpg" alt="Featured article-Image 01@2x"> </div> <div class="resource-content"> <span class="resource-desc"> World’s first of its kind green ammonia plant inaugurated by Skovgaard Energy, ... </span> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/press-releases/worlds-first-of-its-kind-green-ammonia-plant-inaugurated-by-skovgaard-energy-vestas-and-topsoe?hsLang=en"> <span class="link-text">Read</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </div> </div> </li> </div> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-item-wrap has-children" aria-haspopup="true"> <a class="top-level linkless" role="menuitem">About<span class="cevron"><svg width="8" height="14" viewbox="0 0 8 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.9483 7.16667L1.4483 0.621216L0.0517601 2.02752L5.15522 7.16667L0.0517578 12.3058L1.4483 13.7121L7.9483 7.16667Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span></a> <div class="drop-wrap num-cols-3 resources" role="menu"> <div class="inner-menu"> <div class="inner-column reg-column intro-column column-index-1"> <span class="back-button"><span class="arrow-icon"><svg width="8" height="14" viewbox="0 0 8 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.9483 7.16667L1.4483 0.621216L0.0517601 2.02752L5.15522 7.16667L0.0517578 12.3058L1.4483 13.7121L7.9483 7.16667Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span><span class="back-text">Back</span></span> <span class="intro-headline"> About </span> </div> <div class="inner-column reg-column column-index-2 resources-length-0"> <ul class="sub-menu"> <div class="sub-menus-wrapper"> <div 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<span class="resource-desc"> A history of taking on the world’s toughest challenges </span> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/corporate/purpose-and-history"> <span class="link-text">Read</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </div> </div> </li> </div> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-item-wrap has-children" aria-haspopup="true"> <a class="top-level linkless" role="menuitem">Careers<span class="cevron"><svg width="8" height="14" viewbox="0 0 8 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.9483 7.16667L1.4483 0.621216L0.0517601 2.02752L5.15522 7.16667L0.0517578 12.3058L1.4483 13.7121L7.9483 7.16667Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span></a> <div class="drop-wrap num-cols-3 resources" role="menu"> <div class="inner-menu"> <div class="inner-column reg-column intro-column column-index-1"> <span class="back-button"><span class="arrow-icon"><svg width="8" height="14" viewbox="0 0 8 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.9483 7.16667L1.4483 0.621216L0.0517601 2.02752L5.15522 7.16667L0.0517578 12.3058L1.4483 13.7121L7.9483 7.16667Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span><span class="back-text">Back</span></span> <span class="intro-headline"> Careers </span> <div class="intro-link-wrapper"> <a class="intro-link" href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/people/careers"> <span class="link-text">Careers overview</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 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fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/people/careers/students" class="sub-menu-single external " role="menuitem"> <span class="text-wrap">Student & project</span> <span class="arrow-wrap"><svg width="14" height="15" viewbox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M8.64245 3.29785L7.73346 4.20766L10.5419 7.02291H0.993164L0.993164 8.31038H10.5462L7.73346 11.1256L8.64245 12.0354L13.0073 7.66665L8.64245 3.29785Z" fill="black" /> </svg></span> </a> </li> </div> </div> </ul> </div> <div class="inner-column reg-column column-index-3 resource-column resources-length-1"> <ul class="sub-menu"> <div class="resource-wrap resources-1"> <li> <span class="resource-section-headline no-headline">   </span> <div 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has-fullwidth-background reduce-height"> <div class="inner has-reduced-height"> <div class="content" data-aos="fade-right" data-aos-once="true" data-aos-duration="1000"> <h1>Technologies</h1> <h6>These technologies are based on decades of experience, innovation, and a strong dedication to science. <br><br><a href="#u4m-pardot-form" class="button">Contact us today</a><br><br></h6> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div id="hs_cos_wrapper_widget_1723111466213" class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_widget hs_cos_wrapper_type_module" style="" data-hs-cos-general-type="widget" data-hs-cos-type="module"> <section class="u4m-knowledge-base"> <div class="u4m-knowledge-base-inner"> <div class="filters" id="filters"> <form class="multi-filter mixitup-multifilter"> <fieldset class="selects" data-filter-group> <label>Type</label> <select> <option selected value=".all">All</option> <option value=".process-licensing">Process licensing</option> <option value=".equipment">Equipment</option> </select> </fieldset> <fieldset class="search" data-filter-group> <label>Search By Keyword</label> <input type="text" id="mix-search" data-search-attribute="data-search" placeholder="Enter Keywords"> </fieldset> </form> </div> <div class="resource-wrap"> <div id="resources" class="resources cards"> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Ammonia converter baskets S-200" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ammonia converter baskets s-200topsoe was the first technology licensor to introduce the multibed radial flow converter design, thereby improving conversion per pass compared to known technology. the topsoe s-200 ammonia synthesis converter is a two-bed radial flow converter with indirect cooling between the catalyst beds. since the introduction of the s-200 converter type in 1976, it has been used in more ammonia plants than any other converter design, with more than 130 converters installed worldwide. the s-200 concept can still be supplied to existing users of s-200 baskets and for new plants where the two-bed solution is the optimal choice. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_ammonia_converter.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Ammonia converter baskets S-200</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Topsoe was the first technology licensor to introduce the multibed radial flow converter design, ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ammonia-converter-baskets-s-200"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Ammonia converter baskets S-300" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ammonia converter baskets s-300topsoe’s s-300 converter is the latest development in topsoe’s ammonia converter portfolio and is the recommended converter design for all new plants. the advantages of the s-300 radial flow converter are proven by more than 50 installations world - wide, making it the benchmark within the ammonia industry today. compared to the s-200 converters, the presence of three catalyst beds offers higher conversion into ammonia and hence increased production efficiency. alternatively, the catalyst volume can be reduced, which lowers investment costs compared to the previous generation of converter design. when the s-300 basket is installed in an existing ammonia converter pressure shell as part of a revamp project, significant energy savings can be achieved. these advantages can be obtained in connection with the revamp of both topsoe and non-topsoe designed converter types. two versions of the s-300 converter are available: one version has an integral feed-effluent heat exchanger at the exit of the third catalyst bed, allowing the heat of reaction to be used for preheating boiler feed water downstream of the ammonia con - verter. the second version is designed without a feed-effluent heat exchanger, meaning that the outlet gas from the third bed can go directly to a boiler for the production of high-pressure steam. with the number of ammonia converter basket installations constantly increasing, topsoe has achieved an unequaled reference situation. with over 60 years of experience in the ammonia industry, topsoe provide flexible and highly efficient ammonia converter solutions. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_ammonia_converter.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Ammonia converter baskets S-300</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Topsoe’s S-300 converter is the latest development in Topsoe’s ammonia converter portfolio and is ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ammonia-converter-baskets-s-300"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Ammonia converter baskets S-50" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ammonia converter baskets s-50the topsoe s-50 converter is a single bed radial flow converter, which is added downstream of the main converter in series to increase ammonia conversion. the s-50 converter is designed in two versions: a hot shell and a cold shell version. the hot shell version this design concept is adopted when the upstream converter is designed without an internal feed-effluent exchanger. the heat of reaction from the first converter ensures that the feed to the s-50 converter is sufficiently hot for the ammonia synthesis reaction to continue, and the gas leaving the last bed in the first converter can be utilized for preheating of boiler feed water and/or steam generation. it is the recommended converter design for all new plants. the cold shell version this design concept is adopted when the upstream converter is designed with an internal feed-effluent exchanger. no waste heat recovery is foreseen between the two converters and all the heat of reaction is moved downstream of the s-50 converter for generation of steam, superheating of steam and/or preheating of boiler feed water. the two converters in series configuration can be used to close the overall plant steam balance if the waste heat available for boiler feed water preheating and boiling of steam is not in balance. additionally, the s-50 converter can be utilized to increase production capacity of the existing loop in connection with plant revamps. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_ammonia_converter.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Ammonia converter baskets S-50</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>The Topsoe S-50 converter is a single bed radial flow converter, which is added downstream of the ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ammonia-converter-baskets-s-50"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Waste heat boiler (Ammonia loop)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="waste heat boiler (ammonia loop)the recovery of heat from the synthesis gas exiting an ammonia converter gives specific challenges due to the high pressures and the high hydrogen and ammonia contents. the gas cooling and heat recovery are best taken care of in a loop boiler and the design of this boiler must address the special challenges effectively. the loop boiler is both used to initiate the final cooling of the ammonia-rich gas or as interstage cooling between two converters, for instance, an s-200/300 followed by an s-50 converter. the topsoe proprietary loop boiler is based on a patented bayonet tube design. with this design, all low alloy metal parts are kept out of temperature zones where nitriding is a concern without the use of sleeves or ferrules. at the same time, the temperature difference across the tube sheet from the inlet side to the outlet side is zero. the thermal stress is therefore drastically reduced compared to a conventional layout. furthermore, the tube sheet is kept at a low temperature close to the boiling water temperature, which significantly differentiates this boiler from what is otherwise offered to the ammonia industry. benefits efficient heat recovery the topsoe proprietary bayonet u-tube loop boiler provides efficient heat recovery design for reliability and long life the unique features of the topsoe loop boiler has eliminated all nitriding concerns the low temperatures and the absence of thermal stress induced by differential temperatures ensure a very high degree of mechanical robustness strict manufacturing requirements and quality control ensures a loop boiler which is reliable during a long life layout flexibility the loop boiler is offered with a horizontal layout for hook-up to a common steam drum alternatively and in case of space constraints or in revamping cases, the loop boiler can be of the vertical type with or without an integrated steam drum equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_biolers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Waste heat boiler (Ammonia loop)</h4> <span class="byline">Boilers</span> <p>The recovery of heat from the synthesis gas exiting an ammonia converter gives specific challenges ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/waste-heat-boiler-ammonia-loop"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Boiling water reactor" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="boiling water reactorthe boiling water reactor is also often abbreviated as bwr. it is typically used for methanol synthesis, but it can also be used for other exothermic reactions, such as methanation or water-gas shift. a boiling water reactor contains a tube bundle which typically consists of several thousands of tubes. the catalyst is loaded in the tubes which are cooled from the shell side by boiling water – hence the name “boiling water reactor”. the temperature of the boiling water is controlled by adjusting the pressure. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_reactors.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Boiling water reactor</h4> <span class="byline">Reactors</span> <p>The boiling water reactor is also often abbreviated as BWR. It is typically used for methanol ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/boiling-water-reactor"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Catalyst support" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="catalyst supportour catalyst support is designed to support the combined weight of the catalyst, support material and oil. it can also withstand pressure drop over the catalyst bed during the entire catalyst cycle. inverted support beams support the catalyst grid to minimize inactive reactor volume. removable catalyst screens increase maintenance flexibility and minimized gasket requirements reduce maintenance time. installation point of the catalyst support equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_cat_support.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Catalyst support</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Catalyst Support is designed to support the combined weight of the catalyst, support material ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/catalyst-support"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Collect-Mix-Distribute System" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="collect-mix-distribute systemtopsoe’s collect-mix-distribute system ensures efficient addition of quench between adiabatic catalytic beds. the cmd system collects the effluent gas from the upstream catalyst bed, mixes it with the quench gas, and then distributes the mixed gas across the downstream catalyst bed. the improved mixing and distribution of the gas results in a more uniform reaction profile and a higher conversion. the cmd system is typically used in connection with revamps of quench reactors in methanol plants of older design. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_mixers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Collect-Mix-Distribute System</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Topsoe’s Collect-Mix-Distribute system ensures efficient addition of quench between adiabatic ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/collect-mix-distribute-system"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Convection reformer HTCR" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="convection reformer htcrhydrogen demand on the rise demand for hydrogen is on the rise – worldwide. refinery operations need to: deal effectively with widely varying feedstocks and oil fractions constantly maintain profit margins and improve efficiency benefit from new processes and technologies comply with evermore stringent environmental legislation haldor topsoe convection reformer™ (htcr) technology is a compact, high-efficiency heat exchange reformer that provides refinery operators with a straightforward, inexpensive way to meet the growing demand for hydrogen by: rapid, low-disruption addition of new reforming capacity installing add-on units in parallel to your existing reforming installation htcr is the energy efficient ideal choice for hydrogen requirements in the 5,000–50,000 nm3/hour range. haldor topsoe convection reformer (htcr) technology has been in widespread industrial use since 1997. htcr technology the htcr process normally uses natural gas, lpg, naphtha or refinery off-gas as feedstock. this is processed in the following steps: desulfurization of feedstock prereforming in an adiabatic reactor convective reforming in one or two htcr reactors high-temperature shift conversion purification by pressure swing adsorption an htcr reactor absorbs about 80% of the heat released by the burner into the process. this compares to about 50% in a traditional fired tubular reformer featuring radiant heat transfer. the main fuel used for the htcr burner is psa off-gas. the htcr process consumes as much as 20% fewer hydrocarbons for any given effect, compared to a conventional process. greater energy efficiency also provides corresponding reductions in co2 emissions. doesn’t affect the steam balance the high energy efficiency of the htcr process means most of the thermal input is used to convert the feedstock into hydrogen, rather than producing steam. no steam export means you can keep your overall steam balance intact, avoiding additional costs for steam disposal or re-use. compact, simple and scalable compact convection the compact design of htcr units also means they take up very little space. using the convection principle to fully exploit the thermal inputs for the reforming reaction means the reformer takes up 30% less area than a conventional hydrogen unit featuring a box-type reformer (smr). this means you can easily slot an htcr reactor into virtually any refinery space you may have available. modular, low-cost installation most of an htcr installation is delivered onsite as preassembled, pretested modular units mounted on skids ready for rapid, easy installation. this keeps your onsite construction costs to a minimum. the modular configuration also means installing an htcr plant is quick and easy, with minimal disturbance to your other operations. installation can usually be completed in just three months. for a skid-mounted htcr unit, installation work normally only accounts for 15–20% of the overall cost, whereas the onsite work required for a traditional steam reformer often amounts to 30–35%. less hassle, less risk, less disruption an htcr installation is an effective way to derisk expanding your hydrogen capacity with a low cost of ownership, with the additional benefits of coordinated, single-source supply. it’s an uncomplicated, proven technology renowned for reliability, which you can normally depend on to be on-stream more than 99% of the time. and it’s easy to install, bring on-line and operate – you get to boost revenue faster. low energy consumption, fewer emissions the htcr process is approx. 5-10% more energy efficient (feed and fuel) than the conventional smr based hydrogen processes. typical feed and fuel consumption is 3.4 gcal/1000 nm3 hydrogen (362 btu/scf), which provides substantial savings in operating costs as well as reducing co2 emissions. depending on the process layout, energy consumption can be reduced still further towards 3.3 gcal/1000 nm3 hydrogen (351 btu/scf). low manpower requirements – automation if needed the process is easy to operate and only requires minimum supervision and maintenance. you can install htcr technology in simple, no-frills plants, or as part of advanced, semi- or fully automated setups. htcr hydrogen installations are designed for fully automated operation as standard, for use as and when you’re ready for it. convection technology is an exceptionally effective way to transfer thermal energy from the burner to the process straightforward, inexpensive way to get more hydrogen capacity, which you can easily adjust to meet your changing requirements rapid, low cost installation that uses preconfigured equipment modules mounted on easy-to-assemble skids built-in automation is available as standard, so you don’t need as much supervision and manpower low operating costs and up to 10% reductions in hydrocarbons consumption and resulting emissions how an htcr reactor works the htcr reactor consists of a vertical, refractory-lined vessel with a bundle of bayonet tubes inside. each tube is surrounded by another tube that guides the hot flue gas around the bundle of tubes containing the feedstock. you can quickly and easily adjust the levels of heat using a proprietary topsoe flue gas control system. below the vertical section is a horizontal combustion chamber containing the burner. the heat is transferred to the feedstock by convection, resulting in more effective exploitation of the thermal inputs, lower fuel consumption and no steam export. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_convection_reformer_htcr.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Convection reformer HTCR</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>Hydrogen demand on the rise Demand for hydrogen is on the rise – worldwide. Refinery operations ...</p> <span class="readtime">5 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/convection-reformer-htcr"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Ammonia electrical heater" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ammonia electrical heatertopsoe’s electrical start-up heater is uniquely developed to provide ammonia plants with a safe, quick and efficient solution to the start-up and recommended with all topsoe converter designs for all new plants and revamps. the advantages of electrical start-up heater are proven by more than 30 installations worldwide, is a benchmark within the ammonia industry today. compared to conventional gas-fired heaters, topsoe electrical heater offers compact, safe, remotely controlled and quick start-up of ammonia plant. there are two versions of electrical heaters: the first version has a hairpin type arrangement, located inside the converter, allowing the heater duty to be 50% smaller than the external heater duty. the second version is designed as solenoid type and located near the converter in its own pressure shell, and has extremely compact design compared to traditional fired heaters. both the versions are developed to be embedded with all converter types; s-50, s-200, s-300. benefits reduced installation cost – extremely compact; requires 2 to 3 times less space than traditional gas fired heaters. internal heaters are located inside converters, reduces the cost of structure, hot piping and pressure shell. safety – made for hazardous area with pressurized terminal boxes, with no explosion hazard. availability – immediately available on demand. no check and maintenance procedures before start-up. sectionalized and thereby protected against complete failure. protection – intrinsic overheat protection and electrical protections. operation – easy operation by remote control or directly via hmi with many steps by thyristor control panel from 10 to 100% power range. maintenance – low maintenance costs – long life; topsoe heaters have been successfully operating globally for more than 50 years. with over 60 years of experience in the ammonia industry, topsoe provides reliable, safe and highly efficient ammonia start-up heater solutions. discover product specifications including design conditions, monitoring and controlling requirements, process requirements and more. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Featured%20%282000x1125%29/Ammonia-electrical-heater.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Ammonia electrical heater</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Topsoe’s electrical start-up heater is uniquely developed to provide ammonia plants with a safe, ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ammonia-electrical-heater"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Inlet diffuser" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="inlet diffuserour inlet diffusers are optimized and customized for every unit, taking into account all your reactor flow parameters and reactor geometry. inlet diffusers are designed to uniformly deliver gas and liquid to the distribution tray below, while keeping the liquid on the tray level. installation point of the inlet diffuser equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_inlet_diffusor.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Inlet diffuser</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Inlet Diffusers are optimized and customized for every unit, taking into account all your ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/inlet-diffuser"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Scale catcher" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="scale catchera common problem in hydroprocessing reactors, is pressure drop build-up caused by various particles plugging the catalyst bed. consequently, many units are forced to go off-stream and terminate production as pressure drops approach the maximum allowable for the unit. our scale catching technology is a proven and economically feasible solution to delay pressure drop development and significantly increase unit utilization. installing a scale catcher can also reduce the amount of top grading material needed, which increases the volume available for active catalysts. the scale catcher is installed on the top of the distribution tray and does not cause any additional pressure drop over the reactor. liquid phase scale catchers liquid phase scale catchers are suitable for units where the feed is delivered to the reactor as a gas or liquid mixture. installation point of the liquid phase scale catcher case story – liquid phase scale catcher a hydrotreating unit was exposed to feeds with large amounts of scales and particles. after approximately 400 run days an extensive pressure drop build-up occurred. see below: the standard approach to pressure drop management on the unit was to perform regular skimming of the catalyst bed, which resulted in a loss in production. the installation of our liquid phase scale catcher had a remarkably positive impact on the pressure drop development over the reactor and extended the run for more than three times the previous cycle. see below: equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_scale_catcher.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Scale catcher</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>A common problem in hydroprocessing reactors, is pressure drop build-up caused by various particles ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/scale-catcher"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Outlet collector" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="outlet collectorour outlet collector ensures even flow distribution in the bottom bed to maximize catalyst utilization and prevents bed migration to downstream piping and equipment. topsoe outlet collector in the reactor installation point of the outlet collector pressure drop profile over the bottom bed equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_outlet_collector.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Outlet collector</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Outlet Collector ensures even flow distribution in the bottom bed to maximize catalyst ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/outlet-collector"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Quench mixer" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="quench mixerour quench mixer ensures efficient mixing of catalyst bed effluents from both above and from the cold quench stream. depending on the specific unit requirements, we offer three mixer types: vortex compression ring torus™ our quench mixers are designed to achieve optimal mixing during all phases, while minimizing the pressure drop over the mixer. installation point of the quench mixer quench mixer in the reactor equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_quench_mixer.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Quench mixer</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Quench Mixer ensures efficient mixing of catalyst bed effluents from both above and from the ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/quench-mixer"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Redistribution tray" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="redistribution trayour redistribution tray ensures uniform redistribution of the mixer effluents to the catalyst bed below. the redistribution trays are individually optimized for each quench section to match the changes in flow and process conditions after each of the catalyst beds. installation point of the redistribution tray redistribution tray in the reactor equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/17_topsoe_redistribution_tray.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Redistribution tray</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Redistribution Tray ensures uniform redistribution of the mixer effluents to the catalyst bed ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/redistribution-tray"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Air-fired secondary reformer" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="air-fired secondary reformerthe air-fired secondary reformer is essential in natural gas-based ammonia plants as it is the simplest way of introducing the nitrogen required for ammonia synthesis. unlike the upstream tubular primary reformer, the secondary reformer is adiabatic, and the operating conditions are more severe. combustion of hydrocarbons in air provides the heat input required for the reforming reaction, but it also leads to a relatively high temperature. these conditions necessitate careful design in order to achieve reliable, stable and safe operation. there are in general three processes that take place in the air-fired secondary reformer: 1) mixing of air and process gas, 2) combustion of hydrocarbons, and 3) methane conversion by steam methane reforming over the catalyst bed. proper and efficient mixing of air and process gas in the top of the secondary reformer is critical for the performance of the secondary reformer. this key feature is one of the many offered by topsoe’s secondary reformer and in particular by the proprietary burner. the optimized burner maintains a controlled flame in the combustion zone and a uniform gas flow into the catalyst bed, both of which are essential for proper mixing. the catalyst bed in topsoe’s secondary reformer consists of several layers of topsoe’s own secondary reformer catalysts, which ensure conversion to chemical equilibrium while helping to maintain low and stable pressure drop throughout the secondary reformer. state-of-the-art developments in equipment and catalysts as well as improvements in process optimization are a direct result of topsoe’s extensive experience and in-depth understanding of industry needs and process details. with the proven design of topsoe’s air-fired secondary reformers, ammonia plant producers can achieve the stable and reliable operation they need. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_steam_reformers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Air-fired secondary reformer</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>The air-fired secondary reformer is essential in natural gas-based ammonia plants as it is the ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/air-fired-secondary-reformer"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Oxygen-fired secondary reformer" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="oxygen-fired secondary reformerin large-scale methanol plants, each added day of operation is worth as much as a million euros. plant reliability and availability are of utmost importance. meeting these needs requires continuous equipment development and process optimization. one of the important pieces of equipment used in the methanol production process is the oxygen-fired secondary reformer, where it is commonly employed in the second step of the two-step reforming process. process gas from the first step, or tubular primary reformer, is reacted with oxygen in the secondary reformer to produce a syngas mixture that is ideal for methanol synthesis. the secondary reformer is much more compact than the primary reformer. in the secondary reformer, combustion of the process gas hydrocarbon in oxygen causes a temperature rise that provides heat for the reforming reaction. operating conditions are severe, which places high demands on the individual components of the secondary reformer. these include: robust and long-lasting burner stable refractory lining for pressure vessel high-strength target tiles optimally-designed combustion chamber high-performance yet robust catalyst in an optimally designed secondary reformer, the refractory lining makes sure that the heat generated is used to promote the reforming reaction. the lining also protects the pressure shell from excessive temperatures. proper mixing of the process gas and the oxygen in the cts burner is another key element in the secondary reformer. proper mixing helps maintain a well-controlled combustion environment and a uniform gas flow entering the catalyst bed, and it ensures high and durable performance. finally, target tiles are used at the top of the catalyst bed, which consists of multiple layers of secondary reformer catalysts. these catalysts should be optimally designed to ensure conversion to chemical equilibrium as well as a low and stable pressure drop through the secondary reformer. the topsoe secondary reformer has a solid design that meets all the above requirements, providing the methanol market with compact and efficient syngas production. some of the design features of the topsoe secondary reformer include a refractory-lined pressure vessel with a proprietary cts burner, a combustion chamber, zirconium-based htzr target tiles and an optimized catalyst support system. topsoe’s secondary reforming catalysts also have a proven record of high performance and durability. developments in equipment and catalysts as well as improvements in process optimization are a direct result of topsoe’s extensive experience and in-depth understanding of industry needs and process details. topsoe places high priority in helping customers achieve reliable, stable and safe operation. it’s no wonder that syngas units using topsoe’s oxygen-fired reformers have demonstrated a total plant availability of around 95%, including turnarounds and unplanned shutdowns. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_steam_reformers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Oxygen-fired secondary reformer</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>In large-scale methanol plants, each added day of operation is worth as much as a million euros. ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/oxygen-fired-secondary-reformer"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Steam superheaters (Ammonia and Methanol)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="steam superheaters (ammonia and methanol)to close the steam balance of an integrated ammonia or methanol plant, it is often beneficial to let the process gas leave the process gas waste heat boiler (whb) at a higher temperature and use the remaining heat for steam superheating. the steam superheater (ssh) cannot be viewed separately. the performance in terms of operability and reliability depends on the whb, the temperature control of the process gas after the whb as well as the ssh itself – and the topsoe proprietary steam superheater design takes these factors into consideration. the temperature control and the uniformity of the process gas entering the ssh are of utmost importance. the topsoe ssh is designed to secure proper mixing of the process gas so that no local high-temperature zones can exist and thereby the ssh is well protected from metal dusting attack. the ssh is typically split into two shells. the low-temperature section handles the saturated steam and the low process gas temperature. this section can be made from low alloy steels. the high-temperature section for final superheat with the hot process gas can be manufactured of more corrosion-resistant materials if required. in this way, possible corrosion issues are mitigated and at the same time, the most cost-effective configuration is chosen. benefits high energy efficiency tailored to suit the specific plant requirements for superheated steam reliable temperature control for optimal process performance to safeguard against corrosion problems construction materials are optimized for outstanding equipment robustness while balancing cost effectiveness the topsoe design and fabrication standards ensure high reliability and a long equipment life time equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_biolers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Steam superheaters (Ammonia and Methanol)</h4> <span class="byline">Boilers</span> <p>To close the steam balance of an integrated ammonia or methanol plant, it is often beneficial to ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/steam-superheaters-ammonia-and-methanol"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Bayonet reformer (SMR-b)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="bayonet reformer (smr-b)our bayonet reformer smr-b combines the novel properties of convection and radiant heat transfer in one steam reformer. the development and introduction of the smr-b is a result of topsoe’s continuous striving towards more energy efficient ways of producing hydrogen by steam reforming of hydrocarbon feed stocks. smr-b consists of bayonet reformer tubes in a furnace box heated by radiant wall burners smr-b provides hydrogen production with minimum hydrocarbon consumption and low steam export smr-b is environmental friendly with low fuel consumption, low nox and co2 emissions improved heat utilization in the smr-b, significantly reduces the amount of burners, while maintaining the unique possibility of adjusting the tube temperature profile smr-b operates at high heat fluxes providing capital cost savings for medium to large hydrogen plants equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_steam_reformers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Bayonet reformer (SMR-b)</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>Our bayonet reformer SMR-b combines the novel properties of convection and radiant heat transfer in ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/bayonet-reformer-smr-b"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Tubular radiant wall steam reformer" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="tubular radiant wall steam reformerthe radiant wall steam reformer consists of a number of catalyst tubes in a single line in one or two fired boxes with burners placed at the walls at several elevations. the burner flames are directed backwards against the furnace wall, eliminating any risk of flame impingement of the catalyst tubes. this burner arrangement enables full control of the temperature profile along the entire catalyst tube length. therefore, the radiant wall steam reformer is able to operate at low steam to carbon ratios, unmatched high average heat fluxes, and at high outlet temperatures. topsoe’s radiant wall steam reformer design has been in operation for more than 50 years and we have designed more than 250 units. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_steam_reformers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Tubular radiant wall steam reformer</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>The radiant wall steam reformer consists of a number of catalyst tubes in a single line in one or ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/tubular-radiant-wall-steam-reformer"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Distributor tray" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="distributor trayour vapor lift distributor tray (vlt) ensures uniform distribution of liquid and gas over the entire cross section area of the catalyst bed. the tray is equipped with an unmatched number of dripping points, enabling uniform wetting of the catalyst below. our box vlt consists of a self-supportive structure, which both renders beams obsolete and diminishes tray deflexion. the absence of support beams also allows for increased catalyst loading and a consequently higher efficiency. installation the vlt distributor tray’s construction is based on modular principles, with the number of modules optimized and customized for each reactor. modules are “match-marked” for simple assembly and easy installation. the vlt is equipped with our quick-release™ fasteners for speedy installation and dismantling and easy manway access. in addition, the number of bolted connections has been minimized to eliminate problems with seizing and to reduce overall installation time. installation point of the vapor lift distributor tray (vlt) installation point of the vapor lift distributor tray (vlt) and scale catcher scale catching capacity our vlt distributor tray has the capacity to accommodate a large number of scales and particles without compromising gas and liquid transfer and distribution to the catalyst bed below. in services where the amount of scales and particles introduced during the cycle is expected to exceed the vlt’s scale catching capacity, we recommend installing our liquid phase scale catcher. sensitivity our vlt is proven to display the lowest sensitivity to changes in process conditions. stabilities of different distributor types are shown here: quality control all trays are preassembled in the workshop to ensure that you receive high-quality products. “leak proof” testing can be conducted in our workshops on request. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_distributor_tray.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Distributor tray</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Our Vapor Lift Distributor Tray (VLT) ensures uniform distribution of liquid and gas over the ...</p> <span class="readtime">4 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/distributor-tray"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Waste heat boiler (SNG)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="waste heat boiler (sng)the heat released in the methanation steps in the substitute natural gas (sng) plants are recovered by high-pressure steam production in a number of waste heat boilers (whb). the steam is further superheated in steam superheaters (ssh) to support utilization in steam turbines. the whb for sng is designed and built based on topsoe’s extensive experience with delivery of large process gas waste heat boilers for synthesis production (+link to waste heat boiler (syngas)). as the whb for sng requires process gas temperature control, the design will in each case have to be custom-made, involving advanced finite element analysis to verify pressure vessel code compliance. benefits optimal heat recovery will be achieved with whb and ssh in combination temperature control of whb ensuring safe and uniform process gas temperatures into ssh reliable design meeting international and local codes and regulations thermal and mechanical design based on proven and well-referenced principles strict manufacturing requirements and quality control ensures a highly reliable boiler with a long life time equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_biolers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Waste heat boiler (SNG)</h4> <span class="byline">Boilers</span> <p>The heat released in the methanation steps in the substitute natural gas (SNG) plants are recovered ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/waste-heat-boiler-sng"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="SynCOR™ - Autothermal Reformer (ATR)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor™ - autothermal reformer (atr)autothermal reforming at low steam-to-carbon ratio the majority of the world’s syngas-producing plants apply steam methane reforming, with the specific type of reforming technology depending on application and operating conditions. topsoe offers several types of reforming technologies and has decades of experience ensuring that the optimal design is selected for each individual project. topsoe’s syncor™ autothermal reforming technology (previously called atr) is often the preferred technology in many of today’s world-scale projects because it enhances economy of scale by maximizing single-line capacity while significantly reducing capital and operating costs. topsoe’s syncor™ process not only offers the market’s lowest cost of ownership but is also supported by 70 years of proven reliability and safe, continuous operation. a sound investment watch our video to explore the applications and benefits of the syncor™ process. main benefits high single-line capacity economy of scale opex savings lower emissions exceeding 99% availability easy and safe operation with a syncor™ solution, high conversion is achieved with one-step reforming. other benefits of topsoe’s syncor™ process include smaller footprint and therefore lower capital costs, as well as lower operating costs due to significantly reduced steam-to-carbon (s/c) ratios. syncor™ plants operate at a s/c ratio as low as 0.6. low s/c ratios and high reforming temperatures also enable larger single-train capacities and produce syngas that is characterized by very low methane content, low h2/co ratios and high co/co2 ratios. the syngas produced is well suited for application in ammonia, methanol and gas-to-liquid (gtl) plants, as well as tigas™ gasoline plants and syngas hubs. a particular benefit of the higher co/co2 ratios in the syngas is the reduction in size of the methanol synthesis section, lowering capital costs even further. a particular benefit for ammonia plants is the reduced steam throughput, which significantly reduces the sizes of equipment and piping, keeping it within standard sizes and lowering capex when scaling up. the use of syncor™ technology is advantageous because the combustion of feed gas generates heat for the reforming reaction, eliminating the need for supply or dissipation of thermal energy. with a syncor™ autothermal reformer, tubular reforming is not necessary – instead, pre-reformed natural gas is sent directly to the autothermal reformer along with oxygen. by eliminating the need for tubular reforming, steam addition can be significantly reduced and energy efficiency is improved. autothermal reforming conditions are typically more challenging than those for a conventional oxygen-fired secondary reformer operating at high s/c ratios, which necessitates very robust hardware and catalysts. topsoe’s state-of-the-art equipment includes a process burner that provides safe operation, long lifetime, centered flame, soot-free combustion and uniform mixing. our refractory lining is multi-layered to ensure safety and reliability as well as low surface temperatures on the pressure shell. our target tiles provide high wear resistance and act as a robust top layer. and last but not least, our autothermal reformer catalysts provide long life time, low pressure-drop and high activity as well as other unique attributes that ensure the best possible performance and efficiency of the syncor™ unit. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_syncor_atr.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR™ - Autothermal Reformer (ATR)</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>Autothermal reforming at low steam-to-carbon ratio The majority of the world’s syngas-producing ...</p> <span class="readtime">5 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/syncortm-autothermal-reformer-atr"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Waste heat boiler (Syngas)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="waste heat boiler (syngas)the process gas waste heat boiler (whb) is a critical piece of equipment cooling the hot synthesis gas exiting an atr, a secondary reformer, or an smr. the heat from the process gas is utilized to generate high pressure and high-quality steam for the process and to drive turbines. depending on the downstream processes and the need for accurate temperature control, the whb can be designed with one or two compartments and combined with a steam superheater and/or configured with an internal bypass if required. in this way, a variety of process concepts becomes feasible and can be optimized to suit the specific plant needs. the topsoe whb is based on a thin flexible tube sheet combined with a unique thermal protection of the tube sheet, the tube-to-tube sheet weld, and the tube inlet. this protection is essential to avoid long-term degradation of the boiler from high temperatures and highly corrosive gases. as a synthesis gas producer, you would demand a high reliability of all critical equipment. topsoe has a long reference list of boilers designed and delivered for even very severe conditions. our strict manufacturing requirements and quality control ensure that the topsoe proprietary whb is robust, reliable, and supports a long life. benefits heat recovery and temperature control the whb ensures a high degree of heat recovery producing valuable steam flexibility in configuration to suit process needs topsoe’s internal bypass systems are designed to give optimum temperature control, ensuring uniform gas temperatures and to avoid metal dusting corrosion issues high reliability the topsoe whb is proven for large single line capacities the whb design features make it possible to operate at high gas temperatures and at low steam-to-carbon ratios the design and manufacture of the topsoe proprietary whb is based on our intimate understanding of the process challenges and our dedicated efforts in designing and manufacturing high-quality equipment for more than 50 years equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_biolers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Waste heat boiler (Syngas)</h4> <span class="byline">Boilers</span> <p>The process gas waste heat boiler (WHB) is a critical piece of equipment cooling the hot synthesis ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/waste-heat-boiler-syngas"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Steam superheaters (SNG)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="steam superheaters (sng)a high degree of superheating of the high-pressure steam is essential for the thermal efficiency of the sng process. the process gas is controlled to leave the waste heat boiler (whb) at a high temperature and the steam superheater (shh) converts the process gas heat to highly superheated steam. the topsoe ssh for sng is designed to allow for both the high temperature of the process gas and the high temperature and high pressure of the superheated steam. the ssh is of the bayonet type – a unique design which ensures that the design temperature of the tube sheet can be kept at the lowest possible level. this is advantageous for two reasons: firstly, the construction material of the tube sheet can be of a well-known, well-referenced low alloy type and secondly, the thickness of the tube sheet will be significantly lower than in other designs. furthermore, the bayonet design ensures that thermal stresses due to temperature differences from the steam inlet side to the outlet side are eliminated – leading to a high degree of equipment reliability. benefits the unique topsoe steam superheater for sng makes it feasible to obtain a high superheating temperature, leading to a superior overall energy efficiency of the sng plant the superheater is designed with construction materials that are selected to match the conditions on the process gas side as well as on the steam side and at the same time optimized to lower the cost and equipment weight robustness and reliability is inherent in the topsoe ssh the manufacture of the steam superheater for sng follows the same requirements as prescribed for our remaining portfolio of high-quality equipment sustaining challenging operating conditions equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_biolers.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Steam superheaters (SNG)</h4> <span class="byline">Boilers</span> <p>A high degree of superheating of the high-pressure steam is essential for the thermal efficiency of ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/steam-superheaters-sng"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="SynCOR™ CTS™ burner" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor™ cts™ burnerthe cts™ (cool tip swirl) burner is a crucial piece of equipment, and its importance in reformer reliability and availability cannot be underestimated. good burner performance is characterized by: short and centralized flame low metal temperatures on burner nozzles soot-free operation easy operation long lifetime under the challenging operating conditions of the autothermal reformer, a poorly designed burner can lead to unsatisfactory equipment lifetime and unsafe operation. for example, because the fuel-rich combustion takes place in a turbulent diffusion flame, thorough mixing is essential to avoid soot formation. the flame core can exceed 3,000°c, which means it is also essential to minimize heat transfer from the flame and hot gas recirculation to the burner nozzles. the topsoe cts™ burner has been optimized to achieve the features listed above and to provide proper mixing of the oxidant and hydrocarbon feeds. with the cts™ burner, the process gas is well mixed and evenly distributed before it enters into the target tile layer and the catalyst bed, resulting in good catalyst performance and high runtime between maintenance stops. topsoe cts™ burners have been in operation in oxygen-fired secondary reformers and syncor™ units for decades with high reliability and outstanding safety records. topsoe syncor™ reformers have accumulated more than 70 years of industrial safe operation at a low s/c ratio of 0.6. we use this experience to continuously improve the burner in order to meet wider ranges of operating conditions, such as lower s/c ratios at increased capacities. in recent years, topsoe introduced a new-generation cts™ burner. main features of the new-generation cts™ burner is the flow-optimized burner nozzle, the use of alloys with high-temperature stability, and the use of enhanced nozzle cooling. these features make the topsoe cts™ burner suitable for very large single-line capacities in topsoe syncor™ operating at s/c ratios of 0.6 and below. the new-generation cts™ burner has been in operation for over six years in large-scale industrial syncor™ units converting more than 180,000 nm3/hr of natural gas. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_syncor_cts_burner.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR™ CTS™ burner</h4> <span class="byline">Burners</span> <p>The CTS™ (Cool Tip Swirl) burner is a crucial piece of equipment, and its importance in reformer ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/syncortm-ctstm-burner"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Sulfuric acid condenser" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="sulfuric acid condenserthe wsa condenser in wsa and snox™ plants cools the process gas with atmospheric air, typically from 280°c to 100°c. this first makes the so3 in the process gas react with water vapor to form the sulfuric acid vapor, and secondly, the sulfuric acid vapor condenses to form the sulfuric acid liquid. the wsa condenser consists of a steel casing containing a large number of vertical glass tubes. the acid is condensed on the inside of the glass tubes. the wsa condenser has acid proof brick-lining in the bottom section and a top section lined with a fluoropolymer. wsa condensers are supplied only in connection with wsa or snox™ plant technology. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_spare_parts.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Sulfuric acid condenser</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>The WSA condenser in WSA and SNOX™ plants cools the process gas with atmospheric air, typically ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/sulfuric-acid-condenser"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Sulfuric acid cooling System" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="sulfuric acid cooling systemthe acid cooling system of wsa and snox™ the acid cooling system of wsa and snox™ plants performs a two-step cooling of the hot product sulfuric acid from the wsa condenser. first, the hot acid is quenched with cold acid, before going to a pump reservoir. then the acid is pumped through the acid cooler, and from there the acid stream is split between quench acid and product acid going to the storage facilities. all acid piping is internally protected with ptfe lining. the acid pumps are of the centrifugal type. the impellers are made of fluoropolymer and the casing of fluoropolymer-lined carbon steel. the acid cooler is a high-alloy plate heat exchanger. sulfuric acid cooling systems are supplied only in connection with wsa or snox™ plant technology. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_spare_parts.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Sulfuric acid cooling System</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>The acid cooling system of WSA and SNOX™ The acid cooling system of WSA and SNOX™ plants performs a ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/sulfuric-acid-cooling-system"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Integrated Sulfuric Acid Concentrator (ISAC)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="integrated sulfuric acid concentrator (isac)the isac is a small, packed column placed underneath the wsa condensers in wsa and snox™ plants. the purpose is to boost the acid concentration from what can be produced in the wsa condenser, e.g. 98%, to e.g. 98.5%. for special applications of sulfuric acid, a very high acid concentration is important. the acid produced in the wsa condenser flows downwards through the packing in countercurrent with hot, dry air, generated in a package unit with air blower, dryer , nd heater. the hot, dry air drives some of the water content out of the sulfuric acid. the water vapor leaves the plant with the clean gas from the wsa condenser. isac units are supplied only in connection with wsa or snox™ plant technology. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_spare_parts.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Integrated Sulfuric Acid Concentrator (ISAC)</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>The ISAC is a small, packed column placed underneath the WSA condensers in WSA and SNOX™ plants. ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/integrated-sulfuric-acid-concentrator-isac"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Polish all your stack gases in a single step" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="polish all your stack gases in a single steplegislation in the wsa space is evolving, with regulations set to grow even more stringent. but with cleansettm it’s easier to satisfy stricter emission standards. a compact solution for tail gas polishing across your wet sulfuric acid plant, cleanset is highly versatile, and ideal for integration within your existing layout. with cleanset, you can: combine your mist filter and packed-bed scrubber into one vessel with a smaller footprint lower your total investment cost by an estimated 30% in installed costs savings vs. your original layout simplify your layout with less equipment, ducting, drainage, etc. associated with more complicated off-gas treatment equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_spare_parts.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Polish all your stack gases in a single step</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>Legislation in the WSA space is evolving, with regulations set to grow even more stringent. But ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/sulfur-oxides-low-velocity-filter-solve"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Catalytic oxidation reactor" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="catalytic oxidation reactorthe catalytic incinerator ensures that the combustible compounds co, ch3oh, hcho and dme are burned with the oxygen present in the tail gas to reduce emissions to meet any environmental requirements i.e. epa or ta luft. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/Icon_reactors.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Catalytic oxidation reactor</h4> <span class="byline">Reactors</span> <p>The catalytic incinerator ensures that the combustible compounds CO, CH3OH, HCHO and DME are burned ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/catalytic-oxidation-reactor"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="eCOs™ - CO from CO₂" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ecos™ - co from co₂produce your own co on site if you’re like most companies that need co on a regular basis, you’ve probably experienced the challenges involved in sourcing co reliable and affordably. the number of merchant co suppliers is limited, and ever-rising transportation costs and frequent production shortages only add to the headaches. the answer for any distributor or end user needing a steady supply of affordable co is our ecos™ unit. the ecos™ unit is a safe, reliably, turnkey co generator, housed in a container or modular units located on your own premises. industrial efficiency and safety continue to require innovations and changes to the way we perform all of our production, supply, transportation, and administration. the ecos™ technologies offers increased efficiency and helps making our world safer and more sustainable by supplying specialty chemicals producers, pharmaceutical companies, gas distributors and phosgene manufacturers the technologies that drives their industry to continued growth. benefits include: easy to operate for non-chemical operators production on-demand multiple sizes and purity options up to 99.999% (grade 5.0) fully replaces tube trailer or cylinder supply eliminates transportation and storage of toxic gas what is an ecos™ unit an ecos™ unit is the ideal solution for any co user, who today is relying on having their co trucked or shipped onto the production site. the novel co2 to co approach allows for a much simpler separation, which in term allows for plant capacities that match the demand for typical cylinder or tube trailer users. the modular containerized design allows for a compact design and a foot print that in many cases is comparable to the tube trailer loading bay. an ecos™ unit is delivered as a stand-alone unit with power, co2 and product gas connections. our ecos™ technology ensures high levels of purity, producing co at 99.5% assay with minimal contaminants and co2 as the main contaminant. an ecos™ solution can also be customized to produce co at 99.999% purity. how ecos™ works the name ecos™ stands for “electrolytic carbon monoxide solution”, and the heart of an ecos™ unit is a solid oxide electrolysis cell (soec). at elevated temperatures, this cell efficiently reduces co2 to co through the electrochemical process of electrolysis. any remaining unconverted co2 is removed from the co product gas using a combination of psa and polisher units. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_ecos.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>eCOs™ - CO from CO₂</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>Produce your own CO on site If you’re like most companies that need CO on a regular basis, you’ve ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ecos-co-from-co2"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Heat Exchange Reformer (HTER)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="heat exchange reformer (hter)the introduction of gas heated reforming for synthesis gas production will enable you to effectively utilize the valuable heat in the reformer effluent to create more reforming capacity. the topsoe hter can be used in combination with an autothermal reformer (atr), with a tubular reformer (smr), or with a two-step reforming configuration (an smr followed by a secondary reformer). it is ideally suited for all synthesis gas production and in particular for hydrogen and ammonia production. it is a cost efficient option to revamp an existing plant to a larger capacity and for new plants, the technology offers a smaller footprint or even higher single line capacity. the proprietary hter internal is based on an efficient convective transmission of the heat to the reforming catalyst. topsoe has adopted convective reforming for decades – both for flue gas based convective reforming (htcr and tbr) as well as in the hter and this extensive experience and our materials knowledge allow us to optimize the hter with respect to heat transfer, pressure drop, temperature profile, and material selection. customer benefits large flexibility: the hter is individually customized for each plant to cater for the desired capacity increase by up to 30% the process can be optimized with respect to the product gas composition long lifetime as the metallurgy is adjusted to suit the gas severity the energy recovery, as well as the fuel and steam balance, are optimized to suit the plant requirements low footprint: the hter is compact. a significant reduction in footprint can be achieved with for instance a smr/hter combination compared to a stand-alone smr safe and proven operation: the hter internal is installed in a refractory lined pressure shell and subjected to small differential pressures only more than 15 years of industrial experience has proven that the hter is easy to operate and supports a long lifetime equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_hter.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Heat Exchange Reformer (HTER)</h4> <span class="byline">Steam Reformers</span> <p>The introduction of gas heated reforming for synthesis gas production will enable you to ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/heat-exchange-reformer-hter"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Methanol decomposition reactor" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="methanol decomposition reactorthe methanol decomposition reactor typically contains a tube bundle with a couple of dozens to a few thousand tubes. the catalyst is loaded into the tubes which are heated from the shell side by a heat transfer fluid – typically oil. topsoe has designed methanol decomposition reactors for more than 30 years. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Equipment/mdcr.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Methanol decomposition reactor</h4> <span class="byline">Reactors</span> <p>The methanol decomposition reactor typically contains a tube bundle with a couple of dozens to a ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/methanol-decomposition-reactor"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Adiabatic reactor bottom support grid" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="adiabatic reactor bottom support gridincrease your profitability with topsoe’s support grid to obtain a lower pressure drop in your adiabatic reactors such as the high, medium, low-temperature shift or the methanator. achieve a pressure drop which is up to 50% lower. worldwide, more than 20 reactors already have this technology installed, will your reactor be next? topsoe’s catalyst support grid is optimized with respect to pressure drop and can therefore reduce your operating costs substantially by decreasing energy consumption and increasing production. the grid is very easy and fast to install and you will obtain significant savings in the support material. with a manufacturing time as low as 6 weeks, you cannot afford to wait. advantages • low pressure drop • support materials savings • easy installation lower pressure drop the support grid is uniquely designed to minimize the pressure drop at the reactor outlet system. a pressure drop reduction of up to 50% over the reactor can be achieved compared to traditional support grids. the lower pressure drop can either be used for energy savings or to increase the production capacity. support materials savings significant savings in the amount of support material required can be attained by installing the topsoe support grid. in addition to the direct support materials cost savings, it will also reduce the workload and downtime associated with the unloading and loading of the reactors. the payback time for the topsoe bottom support grid is normally only a few months. easy installation the bottom support grid will be tailor-made for your reactor. the design has been optimized for fast and easy installation through the existing manway. there is no need for approval by the local pressure vessel authorities as no welding is required. no packing rope or insulation is needed to seal the grid and it can easily be retrofitted to existing vessels. the typical installation time is in the range of 48 hours for 2 reactors. to find out more, download the following resources: equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_adiabatic_reactor_bottom_support_grid.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Adiabatic reactor bottom support grid</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Increase your profitability with Topsoe’s support grid to obtain a lower pressure drop in your ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/adiabatic-reactor-bottom-support-grid"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="HTZR™ target tiles" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="htzr™ target tilestopsoe’s syncor™ unit incorporates a floor of zirconium-based ceramic target tiles, htzr™, as an integral part of the reactor design. the purpose of the htzr™ target tiles is to: act as the partition between the combustion chamber and the catalyst bed protect the catalyst from any direct impact from the open flame in the combustion chamber hold down the catalyst and keep it in place during operation the main benefits of the htzr™ target tiles are: increased lifetime of the tile floor reduced rate of degradation and wear of the individual tiles reduced material deposition in the catalyst bed longer runtime between catalyst skimmings with low and permissible levels of pressure drop over the catalyst bed reduced risk of any critical disintegration of the tile floor using topsoe’s htzr™ target tiles is an industrially proven solution in several units. it provides evidence that it limits material deposition in the catalyst bed, it limits build-up of pressure drop and it ensures longer lifetime and stable operation equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_htzr_target_tiles.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>HTZR™ target tiles</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>Topsoe’s SynCOR™ unit incorporates a floor of zirconium-based ceramic target tiles, HTZR™, as an ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/htzrtm-target-tiles"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Catalyst bed support structure" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="catalyst bed support structurerampart™ catalyst bed support system the catalyst bed support in an autothermal or secondary reformer serves both as structural support for the catalyst bed and as an outlet flow distributor guiding the syngas from the catalyst bed into the transfer line to the waste heat recovery system downstream the reformer. the bottom support dome needs to have sufficient strength to bear the weight of the tiles, catalysts and inerts, but the more space that the support system takes up, the less space remains for the combustion chamber and the catalyst bed. with this in mind, topsoe has developed the patented rampart™ bottom support system, which utilizes an innovative design for better distribution of the forces affecting the support system. the result is a strong and reliable bottom support system, which takes up the same or less space than conventional support systems, and which minimizes operational risks and the need for maintenance. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_catalyst_bed_support_structure.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Catalyst bed support structure</h4> <span class="byline">Reactor Internals</span> <p>Rampart™ catalyst bed support system The catalyst bed support in an autothermal or secondary ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/catalyst-bed-support-structure"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Reactor refractory lining" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="reactor refractory liningthe syncor™ pressure shell is manufactured from low-alloy steel. it is protected against the extremely harsh operating conditions in the combustion chamber by an internal lining of a multi-layer refractory. the lining is exposed to extremely high temperature and radiation intensity from the combustion flame. the refractory layer is constructed from high density and high purity alumina materials due to their outstanding thermal stability. refractory linings are designed to keep the risk of gas penetration during operation at an absolute minimum, because it results in a number of benefits: it maximizes the reliability and availability of the reactor it ensures safe operation with low temperatures on the pressure shell it enables the longest possible lifetime of the lining to be able to get those benefits is highly dependent on the refractory lining’s quality and ability to ensure: thermal insulation and protection of the pressure shell from the process environment proper movement and distribution of the expansion of the materials during thermal cycling chemical stability of the refractory materials no premature wear or accelerated degradation caused by thermal shocks or unforeseen structural forces based on many years of industrial operation with one-step autothermal reformers operating at a low s/c ratio of 0.6, topsoe is the leading knowledge hub within the field of refractory for such reactors. equally important is design, engineering, materials, manufacturing, installation, and maintenance, and our knowhow ensures customers the highest possible reliability and availability in their operations during the whole lifecycle of the refractory lining. topsoe scope of supply: design & engineering quality control in workshop delivery on site detailed installation instruction refractory installation and site supervision field inspection, analysis, and evaluation of refractory lining during turnarounds equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20PRODUCTS/Equipment/topsoe_reactor_refractory_lining.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Reactor refractory lining</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>The SynCOR™ pressure shell is manufactured from low-alloy steel. It is protected against the ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/reactor-refractory-lining"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="eREACT™ Hydrogen: The future of blue hydrogen" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ereact™ hydrogen: the future of blue hydrogenelectrify your production for ultra-low carbon intensity as the world moves to decarbonize, there remains the question of whether fossil feedstocks can still fulfill a role consistent with the net carbon zero journey. fortunately for producers, the answer is yes: topsoes ereacttm hydrogen technology is the electrified evolution of the world’s most common hydrogen-production method, steam-methane reforming. it allows producers to leverage their existing hydrocarbon infrastructure while seamlessly integrating (renewable) power into their production - and providing real support for the global energy transition. while smr typically generates needed heat through combustion of natural gas - which results in co2 emissions - ereacttm hydrogen facilitates the same reaction without the associated environmental impact. the reaction heat for ereacttm hydrogen is generated directly by renewable electricity eliminating thereby the flue gas altogether. with the cost of renewable electricity decreasing rapidly, this groundbreaking technology empowers even existing industrial complexes to electrify their hydrogen production in a cost-effective manner. some of the ereacttm hydrogen technology benefits are simpler plant design – no flue gas section eliminate all flue-gas from your hydrogen-production process operate at ultra-low carbon intensity (0-0.2 kg co2/kg h2) easier operation – fuel mix and burner control are replaced with power control minimize your plant footprint with a solution 100x smaller than a traditional smr furnace improve energy efficiency utilize 4-5 times less electricity than a comparable electrolysis operation view our latest update from our ereact™ plant. your web browser does not support iframes, which means that the video ereact™ - foulum walkthrough cannot play. dont miss our latest technical whitepaper on the ereact™ technology. learn more about how ereacttm hydrogen technology can transform your hydrogen operation when you get in touch with our experts. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Equipment/eSMR%20Reactor.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>eREACT™ Hydrogen: The future of blue hydrogen</h4> <span class="byline">Reactors</span> <p>Electrify your production for ultra-low carbon intensity As the world moves to decarbonize, there ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/ereact-hydrogen"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="eREACT™ Fuels: New technology essential for electrofuels production" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ereact™ fuels: new technology essential for electrofuels productionreverse water-gas shift (rwgs) has long been a process converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide into a syngas for fuels production, but as the world shifts from conventional fuels to electrofuels (efuels), producers need to know that their operations can contribute effectively to global sustainability initiatives. with ereact™ fuels, topsoe can provide customers with the means to fully electrify fuels production operation including benefits of exemplary carbon and hydrogen efficiencies. the ereact™ fuels technology is an essential building block for the production of ptl saf (sustainable aviation fuel). by utilizing electrical heating instead of traditional fossil combustion, ereact™ fuels allows for production of high-quality fuels using only renewable electricity, green hydrogen, and captured co2 – at a carbon-efficiency rating that can exceed 95%.the resulting syngas exhibits an ideal h2/co ratio with minimal inert content, and can be upgraded into a variety of high-quality, high-value fuels products. increase the carbon efficiency of your e-fuels-production plant and capitalize on the low carbon-fuels market with a highly competitive, high-volume solution monetize existing co2 sources by integrating them with our ereact™ fuels process for the production of efuels minimize both your green hydrogen and renewable power consumption improve your capex savings when utilizing green hydrogen and renewable power view our latest update from our ereact™ plant. your web browser does not support iframes, which means that the video ereact™ - foulum walkthrough cannot play. dont miss our latest technical whitepaper on the ereact™ technology. download the whitepaper here equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Equipment/eSMR%20Reactor.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>eREACT™ Fuels: New technology essential for electrofuels production</h4> <span class="byline">Reactors</span> <p>Reverse Water-Gas Shift (RWGS) has long been a process converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide into ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/e-react-fuels"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="FreeBurn™ for secondary reformers" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="freeburn™ for secondary reformersthe patented freeburn™ is a new generation of secondary reformer burners and provide our customers in the ammonia industry optimized performance in their plants and improved business economics. this new burner gives a perfectly homogeneous admission of the process air and ensures a gas mixture which is uniform in both temperature and composition. the freeburn™ is designed to achieve this performance at very low air pressure drop compared to traditional burners in the market. the freeburn™ is ideally suited for revamping ammonia plants both for capacity increase and energy savings as the low pressure drop is tantamount to energy savings for process air compression. if the process air compressor is a bottleneck limiting the plant capacity, the freeburn™ will furthermore enable plants to increase production. as a result of the good mixing achieved with the freeburn™, the conversion of methane will remain over a long operating period. in combination with topsoe’s optimal catalyst loading scheme, no or very minor catalyst pressure drop increase will be experienced and a very long and stable runtime is ensured for the secondary reformer. changing to the patented freeburn™ is quick and does normally require little mechanical work only – a task which can be accomplished within 1 to 2 shifts. customer benefits energy savings for process air compression additional production if the process air compressor is limiting capacity – all year or during the hot season stable high conversion at the exit of the secondary reformer low pressure drop build-up in the catalyst bed long catalyst lifetime easy switch from a conventional burner short pay-back time equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Equipment/Freeburn.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>FreeBurn™ for secondary reformers</h4> <span class="byline">Burners</span> <p>The patented FreeBurn™ is a new generation of secondary reformer burners and provide our customers ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/freeburntm-secondary-reformers"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="ModuLite™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="modulite™shorten the distance between engineering and execution in the future, the best business won’t necessarily be about having the biggest plant. it’ll be about an operation’s ability to deliver the right volume, wherever, whenever – and fast. that kind of speed was deemed a pipe dream in the past, but with modulite™, the dream of fast-deploying, small- or medium-scale production becomes a highly feasible reality. pairing trusted topsoe technology with modular design, modulite™ provides a solution for decarbonized or ultra-low-carbon production at scalable volume, strengthening your renewable footprint through standardized setup and processes. its reliable, pre-designed concept guarantees fixed up-front capex, and shortens your time to market by minimizing site-specific engineering and construction requirements. minimize your challenges. maximize your results. the world is setting standards for smart, climate-conscious production across every industry, and modulite™ is no exception. partnering with us positions your business at the forefront of plant design that’s both environmentally and economically sound from the very start. we’ll collaborate from initial feasibility and performance evaluation, and continue far beyond startup to focus on maintaining and optimizing your plant. with long-term competitiveness sustained by continual improvements and upgrades to the core modulite™ offering, we’ll help you maintain market-leading performance and safeguard your investment. the result is minimized cost and elevated investor confidence throughout the plant lifecycle. even the smallest plant should match the highest standard no matter the yield of a plant, its impact on the planet is still one of our greatest concerns. modulite™ plants are designed with the climate in mind, minimizing environmental footprint with proven systems for carbon-intensity reduction. reduce your carbon footprint with reliable consistency across every aspect of your operation, and proactively address the emerging need for clean, small-scale chemical production, all while maintaining closer physical proximity to markets to reduce transportation-associated emissions, as well. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/2021%20Topsoe%20Microsite%20Assets/Icons/Frame%20%281%29.svg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>ModuLite™</h4> <span class="byline">Other</span> <p>Shorten the distance between engineering and execution In the future, the best business won’t ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/modulite"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Amine regeneration" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="amine regenerationvalue-adding custom solutions for your business sour refinery off-gasses contain hydrogen sulfide (h2s). h2s poses a danger to human health and is harmful to the environment. topsoe customizes amine regeneration units that absorb and eliminate the risk of these off-gasses. when hydroprocessing units convert organic sulfur compounds into h2s, the h2s ends up in the sour off-gas for removal by absorption in an amine scrubber. the result is h2s enriched amine, which is pumped to the top of the amine regenerator column. here, it is counter-currently contacted with hot vapor from the amine regenerator reboiler at the bottom of the column. the h2s is then stripped off and recovered from the top of the column, while lean amine with equilibrium amounts of h2s is recovered from the bottom. reflux water is fed into the top of the column to absorb any amine carry-over in the rectification section. topsoe amine regeneration prevents amine losses into the overhead and effectively removes all h2s. topsoe works closely with customers to purpose-design amine regeneration units to fit their operational goals. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/amine-regeneration_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Amine regeneration</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Value-adding custom solutions for your business Sour refinery off-gasses contain hydrogen sulfide ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/amine-regeneration"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Coker naphtha hydrotreating technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="coker naphtha hydrotreating technologyprocessing difficult feedstocks coker naphtha places extraordinary demands on hydrotreating processes. these difficult-to-process streams often contain high levels of silica, which decrease hdn catalyst activity. complications can also arise because they have high concentrations of conjugated di-olefins that tend to polymerize, as well as olefins that immediately saturate and release heat that challenges temperature control. the sulfur content of coker naphtha can be 20 times higher than in straight-run naphtha. the coker naphtha hydrotreater needs to run under severe operating conditions to meet product specifications. yet refiners will still expect these units to operate at high levels of utilization and availability. to do this, carefully managed hds and hdn feeds are required over the entire planned unit run length. the values of reactor temperature, hydrogen partial pressure, and treat gas-to-oil ratio must be set and controlled with extreme accuracy. the typical coker naphtha hydrotreating reactor loop has three stages. the first stage selectively saturates diolefins to olefins, which react quickly at high temperatures. the second removes silica and saturates monoolefins. if not removed, silica quickly deactivates hds/hdn catalysts. the third stage addresses the hds/hdn reactions and drives bulk conversion. topsoe licenses and designs revamps and grassroot coker naphtha hydrotreating units at multiple capacities. silicon guard swing reactor layout optimal to your objectives topsoe’s silicon guard configuration designs offer several advantages over competing systems. our bypass configuration (figure 1) can overcome pressure drop problems and keep your unit on stream while you change catalysts, boosting levels of unit availability and utilization. topsoe’s lead/lag configuration (figure 2) maximizes the silicon pick-up capacity of catalysts in your two reactors. plus, it gives you the flexibility to replace catalysts in one reactor while still running the unit at full capacity. silicon swing reactors a bypass configuration to the left, and a lead/lag reactor system to the right process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/coker-naphtha_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Coker naphtha hydrotreating technology</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Processing difficult feedstocks Coker naphtha places extraordinary demands on hydrotreating ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/coker-naphtha-hydrotreating-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="HPNA Trim™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="hpna trim™heavy polynuclear aromatics (hpna) formation in hydrocracking reactors is caused by condensation of aromatics and dehydrogenation of polynaphthenes. once this happens, hpnas are virtually impossible to convert. instead, they accumulate in the recycle oil of high conversion hydrocrackers. this causes hpnas to build up to critical levels, increasing the risk of fouling in heat exchangers and catalyst deactivation. hpna formation limits the total conversion achievable in a “full conversion” hydrocracker, since a constant bleed of unconverted oil (uco) from the hydrocracker, typically in the range of 2-5%, is normally applied to prevent excessive hpna build-up. this is critical, because it can lead to a continuous loss of product upgrade value. managing hpnas topsoe has developed hpna trim™ (patent pending) to cost-effectively manage hpnas in full conversion hydrocrackers. this uniquely simple process takes advantage of the heavy hpna compounds’ extremely high boiling points. hpna trim™ separates hydrocracker uco into a light and heavy fraction by distilling the hpnas concentrated in the heavy liquid product. it effectively reduces the required uco bleed rate to an absolute minimum, enables the unit to operate close to true full conversion (>99%), and maximizes the yield of high-value products. the hpna trim™ process has few pieces of equipment. this allows for a low-cost modular approach, making it suitable for easy retroﬁt to existing hydrocracking units. the economic benefit of the hpna trim™ process is the added value from the difference in product values between the hydrocracker products (especially the middle distillates) and the uco. economic analyses show a very high return on investment with a typical simple payback time of half a year. hpna trim™ can also help lower the steady-state hpna level in the recycle oil to reduce catalyst deactivation in the hydrocracker and extend cycle length. alternatively, it can facilitate the processing of heavier, higher endpoint vacuum gas oil or other heavy feeds while maintaining the same hydrocracker conversion and catalyst cycle length. the technology is also being used to design grassroot hydrocrackers at lower total pressure – with a lower investment requirement. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/hpna_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>HPNA Trim™</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Heavy polynuclear aromatics (HPNA) formation in hydrocracking reactors is caused by condensation of ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/hpna-trimtm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Aroshift™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="aroshift™margin-enhancing revamps feed streams to fluid catalytic cracking units (fcc) have to be desulfurized to meet the stringent gasoline sulfur specifications. this typically requires fcc pretreaters to operate at high severity (high temperature) to meet clean fuels specifications. the high-temperature operation, however, significantly reduces the polynuclear aromatics (pna) saturation due to equilibrium. equally important, it lowers margins and the profitability of fcc units as well. a revamp with topsoe’s patented aroshift™ process effectively reverses the adverse effects of increased severity. aroshift™ works by combining technology and catalysts to lower the pna content of the feed. unlocking value given the dynamics of the industry today, the fcc unit is critical to refinery margins, and profitability cannot be underestimated. aroshift™ can unlock much value for refiners. the bottom line is that it increases fcc conversion, gasoline yields, and c3/c4 olefins while reducing the amount of light and heavy cycle oil. the quality of the fcc gasoline is also improved. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/aroshift_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Aroshift™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Margin-enhancing revamps Feed streams to fluid catalytic cracking units (FCC) have to be ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/aroshifttm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Topsoe’s two-stage HDS/HDA technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="topsoe’s two-stage hds/hda technologyintelligent integration refiners have to contend with increasingly stringent specifications for diesel fuel, while increasing production of diesel products from difficult feedstocks. topsoe’s hydrotreating solutions help refiners process even hard-to-process or alternative feeds, while meeting stringent emissions and clean fuel product requirements. we can also optimize your operating conditions and catalyst loadings to cut investment costs and utility consumption. topsoe’s dearomatization technology and catalysts (hda) are especially well-suited for treating heavy feedstocks to produce distillates with lower sulfur and aromatics levels, reduced density, or a higher cetane number. our two-step process has a hds stage for sulfur and nitrogen removal, followed by a hda stage for removing polyaromatics and reducing the aromatic content. reduce aromatics content – increase cetane number topsoe was among the first to introduce the two-stage hds/hda technology and catalysts for deep dearomatization of gas oil feedstocks and manufacturing ultra-clean diesel fuels. our process is currently operating in several industrial units worldwide and has a proven track record for reliability and stability. the first stage of this process is similar to topsoes conventional hydrotreating scheme. in this stage, deep hds and hdn take place using a base metal catalyst. the effluent from the first reactor is sent to a stripper, which removes h2s and nh3 from the liquid hydrocarbon, exiting at the bottom of the stripper. it is very important that the hydrocarbon liquid is free of h2s, as it acts as a poison for the noble metal catalyst in the 2nd stage. the overhead vapor from the stripper containing h2s, nh3, and light ends passes through an amine wash to remove impurities from the hydrogen-rich gas. the hydrogen stream is used as treat gas in the hda stage, where noble metal catalysts saturate aromatics in the distillate from the stripping column. this stage dramatically reduces the aromatics content of the diesel product and raises the cetane number. commercial operation has proven designs with less the 3 wt% aromatics and cetane number increase of more than 11. lowering the cost of maximizing yields the novel two-stage process from topsoe is field-proven to cut investment costs and ongoing energy consumption. for more information, please contact topsoe. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/typical_two-stage_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Topsoe’s two-stage HDS/HDA technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Intelligent integration Refiners have to contend with increasingly stringent specifications for ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/topsoes-two-stage-hds-hda-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Revamping hydroprocessing units" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="revamping hydroprocessing unitsthe topsoe approach there are many good business reasons for considering revamping a hydroprocessing unit, for instance to react faster to fluctuations in crude oil supply and process more refractive and difficult feeds; to increase unit capacity; comply with stricter product specifications; or to profit from the rising demand for high-quality low-, ultra-low sulfur diesel and a more diversified product slate. on the other hand, revamps are expensive. savvy refiners rightly expect a fast and profitable payback on their investment. that’s why our customers turn to us. we have a history of working on revamping projects that achieve excellent outcomes, precisely because we take all of these factors into consideration. furthermore, we focus on energy efficiency and improved heat integration network and utilization of resources. our best practices approach revamps are technically complex and require skills and knowledge which are not commonly found. topsoe applies its understanding of system behavior, catalysts, and reaction patterns to ensure revamping projects succeed. we work closely with you to deliver exactly what refineries need in terms of capital requirements, feed-stream flexibility, quality specifications, capacity, and yields. when evaluating potential revamp solutions, topsoe proceeds systematically. we call it the topsoe approach. we define the basis revamp design together with you. this will be the framework for your project. our team conducts conceptual studies. in the process, we’ll study and diagnose bottlenecks in your existing unit to identify capital break points for the revamp. topsoe translates the capital breakpoints findings into feasibility studies to calculate and deliver data on product yields, consumption figures, investment, and payback time estimates. this is what you will need to determine what level of de-bottlenecking is economically justifiable. once the feasibility study has been evaluated, topsoe delivers an overall engineering design package that includes deliverables such as: process flow diagrams (pfd) piping and instrumentation diagrams (pid) with tie-ins for modifications material selection diagrams (msd) equipment specifications (eqd) catalyst, chemicals, utility, and flare load summaries manuals every customer’s project is unique. therefore, the content of the design package is very depending on each customer’s project parameters and business objectives. as a single-source supplier of all integrated components of the hydroprocessing unit, including catalysts, process design, reactor internals, r&d, and cost estimation, topsoe is well positioned to conduct feasibility studies. our team’s mastery of all phases of hydroprocessing revamps ensures that the project will deliver the outcomes and cost-effective performance you expect. as a topsoe licensee, you get a hydroprocessing unit that is: cost-effective to build and operate reliable, safe, and easy to operate optimized to individual business objectives topsoe goes the extra mile topsoe provides support throughout all phases of a project – from the initial idea phase to systems to solution integration and even start-up. we’ll confirm that your units meet all specifications and process requirements. and that there are no start-up delays. topsoe always goes the extra mile. even after the revamp is finished, you can depend on us to support ongoing optimization of your hydrotreating unit to continuously improve your operational margins. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/asset_1_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Revamping hydroprocessing units</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>The Topsoe Approach There are many good business reasons for considering revamping a ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/revamping-hydroprocessing-units"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="HydroFlex™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="hydroflex™ technologythe reliable way to add full feedstock flexibility to your refinery new legislation aimed at reducing emissions is affecting the refinery industry on a global scale. one way of meeting these demands is to add the ability to process renewable feedstocks to your refinery. from tallow to tall oil, our proven hydroflex™ technology gives you full feedstock flexibility. so you can transform almost any renewable feedstock into drop-in, ultra-low sulfur gasoline, jet fuel or diesel. no matter what type or quality of feedstock you use, with hydroflex™ the result is consistently high-grade, clean fuel. best of all, your renewable feedstock does not replace fossil feedstock, but runs alongside it. in effect, you are adding greater diversity, capacity and the opportunity for growth to your refinery – and your business. hydroflex™ fuel outperforms the rest renewable feedstocks offer you several advantages over first-generation fame (fatty acid methyl esters) or conventional non-renewable feedstocks. in the table below , you can compare the key attributes of fuels produced from conventional, fame and hydroflex™ technologies. conventional diesel 1st generation diesel fame renewable diesel cetane 40-55 50-60 70-80 cold flow properties ++ + +++ blend in - max. 7% 0-100% market value ++ + ++++ we have been developing and refining our hydroflex™ technology since 2004 in anticipation of these new market trends. as a result, you can find many hydroflex™ units running alongside conventional units all over the world. no two refineries or feedstock supply chains are the same. that’s why we made sure we developed a flexible system. each hydroflex™ unit can be tailored to the specific needs and specifications of your refinery, location and business. from grassroots units to revamps for co-processing or standalone applications, hydroflex™ enables you to hydro-treat almost any kind of renewable oil. giving you the opportunity to win greater market share. and grow your business. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Featured%202000x1125/Renewable_1_2000x1125.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>HydroFlex™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>The reliable way to add full feedstock flexibility to your refinery New legislation aimed at ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/hydroflextm-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SynCOR Ammonia™ - New process for grassroots plants" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor ammonia™ - new process for grassroots plantsby rewriting the book on ammonia plant capacities, syncor ammonia™ enables greater economies of scale and paves the way for new benchmarks, new financials and new opportunities – all using proven technologies. syncor ammonia™ is a technology break-through in the ammonia industry. where all ammonia plants today rely on conventional two-step reforming based on tubular steam methane reforming and an air-fired secondary reformer, syncor ammonia™ utilizes the unique topsoe syncor™ solution, a process based on oxygen-fired autothermal reforming. syncor ammonia™ introduces a previously unseen scaling factor for single-train ammonia plants, thanks to a steam-to-carbon ratio of just 0.6 – reducing steam throughput by 80%. the result can be double-digit reductions in the cost per ton of producing ammonia – with greater savings achieved the further you scale up. by introducing new economies of scale into ammonia production, syncor ammonia™ gives plant owners breakthrough options for profitable expansion and provides new investors with an opportunity to enter the market with a sharp competitive edge. simplified process layout most significant differences between conventional plant concepts and syncor ammonia™ technology conventional nh3 plant syncor ammonia™ desulfurization section standard standard s/c ratio 3.0 0.6 reforming section tubular steam reformer and air blown secondary reformer pre-reformer and oxygen blown syncor™ shift section high-temperature shift followed by low temperature shift two high-temperature shifts in series co2 removal section standard standard synthesis gas cleaning methanation nitrogen wash with purge and nitrogen addition ammonia synthesis ammonia synthesis loop with purge inert free synthesis loop with no purge purge gas treatment ammonia wash followed by hydrogen recovery no treatment required relative energy consumption 100 97 relative make-up water consumption 100 40-50 max referenced capacity, single train nh3/other industries 3,500 mtpd / - 4,000 mtpd*)/>6,000 mtpd * an equivalent production of 4,000 mtpd process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/syncor-ammonia-process-diagram.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR Ammonia™ - New process for grassroots plants</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>By rewriting the book on ammonia plant capacities, SynCOR Ammonia™ enables greater economies of ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/syncor-ammoniatm-new-process-for-grassroots-plants"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Topsoe shale oil processing technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="topsoe shale oil processing technologymaking the best out of shale oil shale oils present unique challenges. while shale oils vary greatly depending on their source of origin, they do have many physical properties in common, such as high density and contaminants. yet those characteristics that differentiate them from one another can create a range of processing issues. overcoming challenges sophisticated skills, processes, and technology are needed to meet cetane, density, and other product specifications. contending with catalysts and equipment fouling are top concerns. topsoe has the expertise and experience to help you plan and adapt to shale oil feed variability, so you can profitably convert it into high-quality transportation fuels. we work hard and take into consideration factors, such as feed properties and your product objectives, to determine the processing steps and equipment required to upgrade these crudes. our process also includes a step for filtering solids and other contaminants, enabling production of euro v quality diesel. we install a guard section to protect the catalyst and equipment from fouling due to olefin polymerization. a hydrotreating step will be deployed to 1) saturate olefins, 2) remove arsenic, 3) convert oxygenates and organic chloride, and 4) for hydrodesulfurization (hds) at low pressure. a topsoe installation typically includes a hydrotreating and hydrocracking step to remove organic nitrogen, saturate aromatics, and, for hydrocracking, the shale oil to produce diesel, meeting density and cetane index specifications. finally, topsoe’s proprietary shale oil processing technology is deployed to separate the products into lpg, naphtha, and diesel fractions. a streamlined solution perhaps you have concerns about shale oil processing, technology, and how best to integrate new processes, catalysts, and hardware into your facility. whatever your challenge, topsoe is ready to help you with the solutions you need to design and operate a streamlined project that adds value to your bottom line. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/rbu_web_typical-shale-oil_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Topsoe shale oil processing technology</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Making the best out of shale oil Shale oils present unique challenges. While shale oils vary ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/topsoe-shale-oil-processing-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Staged Partial Conversion (SPC)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="staged partial conversion (spc)reinvented partial conversion, or “mild” hydrocracking, has been used by refiners for years to produce incremental middle distillate yields while upgrading feedstock for fluid catalytic cracking (fcc). unfortunately, the combination of low pressure and high temperatures needed for hydroconversion often results in heavy, high-aromatic diesel products with low cetane quality. old problem – new solution to resolve the issue, topsoe re-invented partial conversion hydrocracking. we developed our staged partial conversion process (spc) to produce low-sulfur fcc feed – and to enable ulsg production without gasoline post-treatment – while co-producing high-quality en 590 diesel. the spc process incorporates a staged reaction system in which a portion of the heavy gas oil product from the lead hydrodesulfurization (hds) reactor is bypassed on flow control. this reduces the net charge rate to the second series flow hydrocracking (hdc) reactor. spc allows the net conversion level in the second reactor to be substantially higher than the overall gross conversion requirement for producing fcc feed. increased conversion dramatically improves middle distillate product quality. a high gas/oil ratio creates a favorable operating environment within the hdc reactor. severity in the lead reactor is controlled, depending on the minimum hds requirement for the fcc feed, to make ultra-low sulfur gasoline. severity in the lag reactor is controlled independently to meet ultra-low sulfur kerosene and diesel fuel requirements, such as smoke point, density, and cetane quality. better returns the spc prevents the risk of “overtreating” the fcc feed and delivers the fcc feed and ulsd quality you want. at a lower cost and with less hydrogen consumption than conventional mhc units. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/staged-partial-spc_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Staged Partial Conversion (SPC)</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Reinvented Partial conversion, or “mild” hydrocracking, has been used by refiners for years to ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/staged-partial-conversion-spc"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Polyshift™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="polyshift™improve color and extend cycle lengths refiners increase reactor-operating temperatures during a typical reactor cycle to meet the hds specification. the problem is that increased temperatures have a negative impact on aromatic saturation. failure to saturate aromatics can result in product coloration and shorter cycle lengths. topsoe polyshift™ technology offers a simple solution to these problems. you can install the polyshift™ reactor downstream from the hds reactor in a hydrotreating configuration, which operates at a lower temperature to improve color and increase cycle lengths. the polyshift™ technology is effective, even if your refinery has a limited hydrogen supply. the process operates at elevated temperatures that reverse the aromatic saturation and liberate hydrogen. the hydrogen can then be recycled into the hds reactor, enabling operations to process more feed. while the process may reduce cetane improvement and volume swell, our polyshift™ licensed technology improves color to meet the most stringent specifications. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/polyshift_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Polyshift™</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Improve color and extend cycle lengths Refiners increase reactor-operating temperatures during a ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/polyshifttm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="HydroTech™ hydrotreating" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="hydrotech™ hydrotreatingoptimized to your operations today, operational efficiency and the production of robust yields of cleaner fuels from difficult-to-process feedstocks are essential to plant profitability. topsoe’s hydrotech™ hydrotreating processes can help you achieve these goals and meet the growing demand for high quality products. thanks to our innovative technologies and comprehensive portfolio of catalysts, we can match the best catalysts with hydrotech™, our innovative hydroprocessing technologies, to ensure you meet your business objectives. you can leverage our expertise in hydroprocessing to help you design hydrotreating units tailored to the type of feedstock you use and your product and capacity targets. combined with our top-performing catalysts we will help you optimize investment and operating costs as well as energy consumption. topsoe hydrotech™. the power to deliver: hydrotreating of oil fractions from naphtha to resid hydrocracking of heavy oil fractions atmospheric residue de-sulfurization (ards) ultra-low sulfur diesel production diesel dewaxing aromatics saturation topsoe’s aroshift process color control renewable feed hydroprocessing — co-processing or stand-alone — for gasoline, jet fuel and diesel production topsoe provides licensed hydrotech™ hydrotreating process designs for deep desulfurization of straight run or cracked distillates, pretreatment of fcc and hydrocracker feed stocks. our hydrotreating process reduces organic sulfur and nitrogen components to low levels. in deep desulphurization units, for example, it will help you meet the maximum 5 – 10 wppm sulfur specification levels for diesel oil and limit the content of poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds to meet the 8 wt% pah targets. topsoe engineers will work hard to help you get the most out of your hydroprocessing technology, including design of grassroot hydroprocessing units or revamping existing units. our suite of products and services includes engineering, catalysts, reactor internals, and optimization services. the layout of a typical unit there is no one solution for all refineries. your technology configuration will, of course, depend on the feed, product specifications, unit pressure, make-up gas purity and more. the figure below shows a typical hydrotech™ hydrotreating layout, with a hot separator and a cold separator. the gas oil feed is pressurized and mixed with hydrogen-rich treat gas. the stream is then heated and fed to the reactor, where organic sulfur and nitrogen compounds are converted to h2s and nh3. aromatic compounds are saturated by exothermic reaction with hydrogen. effluent from the reactor is cooled before entering the hot separator where gas and liquid are separated. the gas is cooled before it enters the cold separator. in the cold separator the recycle gas is separated from gas oil and is sent to amine absorber for removal of h2s. the h2s-free gas is compressed by the recycle gas compressor and mixed with make-up gas, then added to the feed. the hydrocarbon products from the hot and cold separators are sent to the fractionation section where light ends and hydrocarbon products are separated. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/hydrotech_01.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>HydroTech™ hydrotreating</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Optimized to your operations Today, operational efficiency and the production of robust yields of ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/hydrotechtm-hydrotreating"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="IMAP Ammonia+™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="imap ammonia+™augment your main ammonia business with on-demand methanol production imap ammonia+™ design employs our “in-line” ammonia methanol concept, where methanol synthesis is a once-through process under high pressure for maximum conversion and efficiency. the design can also accommodate our flexible skid-mounted ufc85 urea formaldehyde unit to create a fully integrated solution at fertilizer complexes. with this process design, ammonia is the main product and methanol is the co-product (up to 35%). the design is used for grassroots plants and revamps of existing plants, especially where there is local demand for small amounts of methanol, or when methanol prices are comparatively favorable. when no methanol is needed, this part of the process is simply bypassed. benefits shared reforming section in-line design and once-through process high conversion and efficiency very flexible solution process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/imap-ammonia-process-diagram.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>IMAP Ammonia+™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Augment your main ammonia business with on-demand methanol production IMAP Ammonia+™ design employs ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/imap-ammoniatm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="IMAP Methanol+™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="imap methanol+™let your methanol plant profit from serving ammonia on the side it features a streamlined layout with no shift or co2 removal unit to minimize investment costs while still enabling co-production of ammonia and methanol. the methanol synthesis process is once-through at high pressure. the ammonia capacity depends on your feedstock composition, and minor capacity adjustments can be made by adding a co2 psa unit for co2 removal. our imap methanol+™ process design is intended for use where methanol is the main product, ammonia is the co-product, and no need to produce urea is expected. ammonia production capacity ranges from 25 to 35 percent. benefits self-sufficient in steam and power low specific energy consumption (sec) no need to invest in air separation unit or co2 removal unit less maintenance thanks to fewer rotating parts no co2 removal means savings on chemicals no hts or lts co conversion means savings on catalyst higher on-stream factor process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/imap-methanol-process-diagram_1.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>IMAP Methanol+™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Let your methanol plant profit from serving ammonia on the side It features a streamlined layout ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/imap-methanoltm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="IMAP Urea+™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="imap urea+™for ultimate market agility, set your plant up to produce any mix of ammonia, methanol and urea imap urea+™ is our most flexible imap™ process design, and will enable you to achieve unmatched agility with a single plant by adjusting the product split in response to changing market conditions. although intended particularly for use where methanol and urea are the primary final products, it allows for any configuration of methanol, ammonia and urea production. imap urea+™ also offers exceptional energy efficiency, with production and consumption figures matching or exceeding those of two separate standalone facilities. unlike the other schemes, imap urea+™ uses enriched air instead of ambient air in the secondary reformer. the carbon balance is designed to accommodate both urea and methanol requirements. an imap urea+™ plant can accommodate a wide range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, including streams that contain co2. some or all of the ammonia produced is converted to urea by adjusting carbon dioxide levels. the design can also accommodate our flexible skid-mounted ufc85 urea formaldehyde unit to create a fully integrated solution at fertilizer complexes. benefits any mix of methanol, ammonia and urea low co2 emissions longer primary reformer catalyst lifetime lower investment costs than with separate plants process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/imap-urea-process-diagram_1.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>IMAP Urea+™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>For ultimate market agility, set your plant up to produce any mix of ammonia, methanol and urea ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/imap-ureatm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SynCOR Plus™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor plus™syncor plus™ is a syngas hub concept where syncor™ is used as an efficient fully automated common syngas generator for downstream synthesis units, such as ammonia and methanol synthesis, which can be designed for any size up to a total of 10.000 mtpd for a single syncor™. the concept allows for methanol and ammonia production syncor plus™, part or all of the syngas can also be used for a cost-effective production of fisher tropsch synthesis, carbon monoxide or hydrogen production. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/syncor-plus-process-diagram_1.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR Plus™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>SynCOR Plus™ is a syngas hub concept where SynCOR™ is used as an efficient fully automated common ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/syncom-plustm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Two-step methanol" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="two-step methanolstate-of-the-art technology this is the most commonly used methanol technology today. it uses a combination of tubular steam reforming and oxygen reforming as synthesis gas generator to produce a stoichiometric methanol synthesis gas. the advanced topsoe tubular reforming technology provides the lowest capex and opex for two step solution on the market. the optimal capacity range is 1000 mtpd up to 5500 mtpd. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/oxygen.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Two-step methanol</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>State-of-the-art technology This is the most commonly used methanol technology today. It uses a ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/two-step-methanol"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="One-step methanol" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="one-step methanollow cost technology for small to medium capacity this technology uses only steam reforming as synthesis gas generator. operating cost is higher than for than for technologies involving oxygen reforming but capital cost is low. the optimal capacity range is from 500 up to 2500 mtpd. this can be extended to 3000 mtpd if approximate 25% of the hydrocarbon feed is co2. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/one-step-methanol_process-diagram.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>One-step methanol</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Low cost technology for small to medium capacity This technology uses only steam reforming as ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/one-step-methanol"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SynCOR Methanol™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor methanol™proven large scale process for new built this is the most cost efficient industrially proven methanol technology available on the market. the optimal single train capacity is 500 mtpd up to 10.000 mtpd. the highly efficient, fully automated syncor™ syngas generator based on oxygen reforming at unique low steam carbon is the core of the process. together with the most efficient methanol synthesis syncor methanol™ provides the lowest capex and opex, high availability and lowest environmental impact in a capacity range from low scale and up to very large scale single train capacity. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/syncor-methanol-process-diagram.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR Methanol™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Proven large scale process for new built This is the most cost efficient industrially proven ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/syncor-methanoltm"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Two-step reformer based ammonia process" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="two-step reformer based ammonia processproducing ammonia at the lowest cost per ton is always a challenge. with almost 80 years of experience in ammonia, our industry-leading solutions ensure reliable and safe operation with the lowest possible energy consumption and the lowest possible emissions. the topsoe low energy ammonia process uses steam and air reforming and is applicable for both small and large scale capacities up to 3500 mtpd of ammonia. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%20%282000x1125%29/Process%20licensing/Odd%20formats/two-step-ammonia-process-diagram.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Two-step reformer based ammonia process</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Producing ammonia at the lowest cost per ton is always a challenge. With almost 80 years of ...</p> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/two-step-reformer-based-ammonia-process"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="H2bridge™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="h2bridge™ technologyunprecedented ghg savings with h2bridge™ hydrogen units are not just a utility anymore. they are profit-makers. a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions (ghg) come from the massive consumption of hydrogen used to hydrotreat renewable feedstocks that contain oxygen and unsaturated compounds. with h2bridge™, refineries and biorefineries gain a circular solution that helps replace external fossil feedstocks with renewable lpg or naphtha to produce hydrogen. depending on the plant’s requirements, it is possible to become self-sufficient and eliminate the consumption of natural gas. with h2bridge™, you can generate unprecedented greenhouse gas emissions savings and lower the carbon intensity of renewable fuels. this not only supports you in meeting legislative requirements; it also fully integrates with hydroflex™ to create a seamless feed-in to product-out process – all from one licensor responsible for technology, catalyst, execution, and technical services. renewable fuels integration provides the lowest carbon footprint business advantages from h2bridge™ and hydroflex™ integration. integrating the hydroflex™ and h2bridge™ units utilizes the recycling of the hydrogen from the off-gasses from the hydrotreating process. this allows the size of the h2bridge™ unit to be reduced, thereby lowering capex and opex costs. renewable naphtha and lpg can also be used as feedstock for hydrogen production, eliminating the use of an external fossil feed. h2bridge™ also improves heat integration and drops the use of water to the lowest levels in the industry, further reducing opex costs. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Featured%202000x1125/H2Bridge_2000x1125.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>H2bridge™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Hydroprocessing</span> <p>Unprecedented GHG savings with H2bridge™ Hydrogen units are not just a utility anymore. They are ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/h2bridgetm-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Wet gas Sulfuric Acid (WSA) technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="wet gas sulfuric acid (wsa) technologyturn sulfurous emissions into commercial opportunities with our well-proven wsa (wet gas sulfuric acid) technology, you can turn your sulfurous gasses into commercial-grade sulfuric acid (typically 98% concentration) and generate high-pressure superheated steam for use elsewhere. a flexible, reliable trouble-solver able to remove a wide range of sulfurous compounds from off-gases and waste streams in a string of different applications, wsa is a truly flexible solution. you can use it to keep emissions from your key processes compliant, with the possibility of more than 99.9% sulfur removal efficiencies. recycling or recovering more than 90% of the feed streams energy content and exporting the excess in the form of high-pressure superheated steam, wsa technology is truly climate- friendly. and with limited capital expenditure and low operating costs, it provides you with a reliable path to low lifecycle costs. overall, the topsoe wsa technology helps you stay compliant while limiting overall operating costs, reducing risks, and strengthening your operations environmental profile. thats why it has achieved more than 40 years of well-documented commercial success in numerous operations worldwide. the wsa process how it works wsa is a wet gas catalytic process that eliminates the energy waste and waste water production associated with drying the process gas. here’s how it works: the first step is production of an so2 gas at around 400°c. if the sulfur in the feed is already so2, preheating is all that is required. other sulfurous feeds can be oxidized to so2 by combustion followed by cooling in a waste heat boiler, producing steam that can be used elsewhere. catalytic conversion of so2 to so3 takes place in one or more catalyst beds. the thermal energy given off by this reaction is recovered between the catalyst beds. after the last conversion step, the gas is cooled, and the so3 reacts with water vapor to form gas-phase sulfuric acid. the process gas is cooled by a counter-current flow of air in the wsa condenser. clean gas leaves from the top of this condenser and is sent to the stack. condensed commercial-grade sulfuric acid exits from the bottom of the condenser, where it is cooled and sent to storage. the hot air generated in the wsa condenser can be used as preheated combustion air in the combustor or for preheating process gas or boiler feed water to ensure maximum energy efficiency. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_WSA%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Wet gas Sulfuric Acid (WSA) technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Turn sulfurous emissions into commercial opportunities With our well-proven WSA (Wet gas Sulfuric ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/wet-gas-sulfuric-acid-wsa-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SNOX™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="snox™ technologyreduce flue gas emission compliance costs in refineries and power plants with our snox™ technology, refineries and power plants can remove sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates from flue gases. the sulfur is recovered in the form of commercial-grade concentrated sulfuric acid, and the nitrogen oxides are converted to harmless free nitrogen. combustible particulates like soot are burned in contact with the catalyst in the snox™ unit. other particulates are separated and made available as a dry powder, without polluting any byproducts. taking on the challenges of fgd conventional flue gas desulfurization (fgd) methods are plagued by high operating costs, massive limestone consumption, and production of contaminated gypsum that must be deposited. this makes conventional fgd’s increasingly expensive to operate, particularly as fuel sulfur content increases. snox™ takes on these challenges by combing the removal of sox, nox, and particulates with commercial-grade sulfuric acid production. this unique process significantly reduces the costs associated with compliance. it also eliminates waste and material logistics, consumes no water or reagents for the desulfurization, and creates a cost-effective alternative to traditional fgd. because of the high energy-efficiency of a snox™ unit, a boiler, combustor or power plant equipped with snox™ will typically achieve an improved energy effectiveness of 5%, which means a drop in specific co2 emissions of a similar percentage. unlike the use of limestone, the snox™ flue gas cleaning process does not, in itself, emit co2. the snox™ process how it works the snox™ process includes the following steps: dust is removed using electrostatic precipitators or bag filters. any residual dust will be trapped in the so2 conversion catalyst, from where it can be removed periodically. (if the dust is combustible, as is the case with soot, dust removal is not required, since the dust will be burned in contact with the catalyst in the so2 converter.) catalytic reduction of nox takes place by adding nh3 to the gas upstream of the scr denox converter. catalytic oxidation of so2 to so3 takes place in the oxidation converter. the gas is cooled to about 100°c in the wsa condenser, allowing the so3 to combine with water vapor to form sulfuric acid vapor that condenses and is withdrawn as a commercial grade concentrated sulfuric acid product. the gas can now be sent to stack freed of its sulfur dioxide, nox, and particulate content. air that has been used for cooling in the wsa condenser is returned to the boiler, combustor, power plant or other source of the flue gas, where it can be used as preheated combustion air. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_SNOX%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SNOX™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Reduce flue gas emission compliance costs in refineries and power plants With our SNOX™ technology, ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/snoxtm-technology-for-refineries-and-power-plants"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SmartSAR™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="smartsar™ technologyregenerate spent acid with minimal energy costs smartsar™ is a cost-effective and well-proven spent acid regeneration (sar) technology that produces no waste and is highly energy efficient. on-site regeneration refiners today face a common challenge to increase yields and octane numbers while keeping costs down. to accomplish this, sulfuric acid-catalyzed alkylation is often used. these types of alkylation units produce spent sulfuric acid that must be regenerated. the conventional sar units used in the regeneration process require scrubbing, washing, and drying processes to take dust and impurities out of the gas after incineration of the spent acid. these processes can be costly and time-consuming for refiners. smartsar™ takes the sar process one step further by allowing refiners to regenerate spent acid without using scrubbing and drying processes. this is done using a hot gas candle filter or an electrostatic precipitator, which takes out dust and impurities without cooling down the gas, avoiding acid and energy waste. protect your profit with a compact solution that allows you to regenerate sulfuric acid and improve opex, lose less equipment, and attain high availability. the smartsar™ process how it works smartsar™ regenerates spent acid without using scrubbing and drying processes. here’s how it works: the smartsar™ process starts with incineration of spent sulfuric acid, followed by a waste heat boiler for heat recovery. a hot gas filter or an electrostatic precipitator removes dust and impurities from the gas. so2 is converted to so3 in the two- or three-bed so2 converter. the so3 combines with water vapor in the gas to form sulfuric vapor that is condensed and concentrated to 98.5% strength in the wsa condenser. the sulfuric acid can then be returned directly to the alkylation unit. this smartsar™ technology can also be applied for regeneration of spent sulfuric acid from processes other than alkylation. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_SmartSAR%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SmartSAR™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Regenerate spent acid with minimal energy costs SmartSAR™ is a cost-effective and well-proven spent ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/smartsartm-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="TopClaus® technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="topclaus® technologyminimize sulfur recovery costs lower your ownership costs, protect your profit, and stay compliant with topclaus®, an innovative solution that combines two proven technologies. topclaus® combines conventional claus technology from comprimo with the proven wet gas sulfuric acid (wsa) process from topsoe to create a reliable and energy-efficient sulfur recovery unit. the result is a solution that will simplify sulfur recovery efficiency (sre) compliance, reduce your co2 footprint, and improve your bottom line. meet increasing industry demands claus installations with tail gas treatment in refineries and elsewhere are expected to reach sre levels of 99.9 percent or more. compliance with this requires an amine-based tall gas treatment unit (tgtu) to be placed downstream of the claus unit. it’s no secret that tgtus are relatively expensive to install and operate. they also require high energy consumption to regenerate amine and incinerate the remaining h2s in a thermal oxidizer. that all adds up to high compliance costs and a larger environmental footprint. with topclaus®, sre compliance is more straightforward than it is with a conventional tgtu. the solution significantly reduces the co2-footprint of sulfur recovery, eliminating the need for amine regeneration and fuel gas to incinerate the tail gas. in a topclaus® unit it is possible to bypass ammonia-containing streams directly to the wsa unit. this avoids common ammonia issues in claus units for higher reliability. the topclaus® process how it works topclaus® is a combination of the claus desulfurizing process and the wet gas sulfuric acid (wsa) process. here’s how it works: sour gas is treated in a simple, conventional claus unit with 95–97% sre to produce elemental sulfur. the claus units tail gas proceeds to the wsa unit, where the remaining sulfur compounds are removed to yield a total sre of 99.9 to 99.99%. the small amount of sulfuric acid produced in the wsa unit is returned directly to the claus unit’s reaction furnace and reprocessed to elemental sulfur. this process allows all sulfur products to be produced in the form of elemental sulfur only. thanks to topclaus®’ flexibility, operators can also choose to export or consume the commercial-grade acid produced by the wsa unit. the topclaus® technology has been developed by topsoe and comprimo, the leading licensor in gas treating and sulfur recovery technology. learn more about comprimo here. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_TopClaus%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>TopClaus® technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Minimize sulfur recovery costs Lower your ownership costs, protect your profit, and stay compliant ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/topclausr-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SweetPlus™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="sweetplus™ technologymonetize sour fuel gasses through sweetening with sweetplus™ technology, you can turn waste into profit. this unique process lets you monetize otherwise hard-to-utilize sour fuel gas by converting it into fuel. it’s an innovative all-in-one solution that generates none of its own waste and turns sulfur compounds into valuable sulfuric acid. that’s good for your emissions numbers and your bottom line. make the most of hydrocarbons with sweetplus™, you can purify sour fuel gas using a fuel gas hydrotreating process. this dramatically reduces the sulfur content. the – often moderate – amounts of sulfuric acid produced in the process can be sold or captively utilized. sweetplus™ monetizes sour fuel gas through a sweetening process. this process utilizes the h2 that is already present in the fuel gas, and in most cases eliminates the need for recycle. in turn, a sweetplus™ plant produces valuable hp steam in considerable amounts. that’s enough to give a positive income, rather than a considerable operation cost. in some cases, the treated gas may even be used as feedstock for e.g. hydrogen production. make the most out of your hydrocarbons and protect your profit by using sweetplus™ to produce valuable fuel gas. the sweetplus™ process how it works the sweetplus™ process purifies refinery fuel gases and other sour fuel gasses that contain difficult-to-remove sulfur species and unsaturated hydrocarbons. what’s left is purified fuel gas that satisfies the strictest environmental requirements – all the way down to 10ppm or less total sulfur. here’s how it works: a fuel gas hydrotreater converts all sulfur species to hydrogen sulfide (h2s) and unsaturated hydrocarbons like olefins and diolefins to saturated hydrocarbons. an amine unit is used to separate clean fuel gas from h2s. topsoe’s wet gas sulfuric acid (wsa) process converts the h2s to commercial grade concentrated sulfuric acid. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_SweetPlus2%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SweetPlus™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Monetize sour fuel gasses through sweetening With SweetPlus™ technology, you can turn waste into ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/sweetplustm-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SNOX™ technology for carbon black" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="snox™ technology for carbon blackreduce your cost for air quality control with our snox™ technology, carbon black producers can significantly reduce the cost of staying compliant without generating waste. they also get a solution optimized for a cost-effective lifecycle, which protects their profit. outperforming conventional flue gas desulfurization (fgd) conventional flue gas desulfurization (fgd) methods are plagued by high operating costs, massive limestone consumption, and production of contaminated gypsum that must be deposited. this makes conventional fgd’s increasingly expensive to operate, particularly as feedstock sulfur content increases. snox™ takes on these challenges by removing sox and nox, and the removed sulfur from exhaust gases is made available as commercial-grade sulfuric acid instead of contaminated gypsum or ocean discharge. snox™ also does not consume water or produce waste, eliminating the need for expensive handling, treatment, disposal processes, and logistics. for the carbon black industry, snox™ goes one step further by eliminating any related dust nuisance, placing stack emissions well below the allowable levels. the heat produced in the snox™ process’ exothermal reactions – and by cooling clean gas to 100°c (212°f) – is recovered and used as steam for power generation in a steam turbine or other customer needs. the snox™ process how it works the snox™ process includes the following steps: heating of exhaust as to approximately 400°c (752° f) in a support heater (if needed) catalytic reduction of nox by nh3 catalytic oxidation of so2 to so3 and oxidation of remaining carbon black dust, in the so2 converter cooling of the so3 gas making the so3 react with water vapor further cooling of the gas to about 100°c (212°f) in the wsa condenser to produce liquid, commercial-grade sulfuric acid process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/2000x1125%20License_SNOX%20with%20stamp_topbanner.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SNOX™ technology for carbon black</h4> <span class="byline">Emissions management</span> <p>Reduce your cost for air quality control With our SNOX™ technology, carbon black producers can ...</p> <span class="readtime">2 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/snoxtm-technology-for-carbon-black"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="G2L™ technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="g2l™ technologyproduce clean synthetic fuels with the only single-point gas-to-liquids license build an end-to-end gas-to-liquids plant through a single license and monetize your energy resources. our unique single point licensing solution enables conversion of gas to clean liquid fuel, allowing you to maximize the value output from natural gas, methane rich gas, biogas, water and electricity reserves. the g2ltm process combines and integrates four technologies from topsoe and sasol to optimize performance, minimize carbon footprint, improve yields and provide a reliable solution - all at a competitive cost. it’s possible to produce the following premium output: diesel & ediesel. clean burning with low nox, sox, particulate matter kerosene/jet fuel & ejet fuel. clean burning with low nox, sox, particulate matter and contrail formation naphtha & enaptha. premium cracker feedstock containing no metals or aromatics an end-to-end solution using our single point license gives the following benefits: fully integrated design. g2ltm offers a single license to build and operate a fully integrated large-scale plant. integrated guarantees. streamline execution, increase energy efficiency and ensure reliable production with an integrated offering solution. commercially proven. rest assured: our technologies have been proven in the field over many years. bankable. reduce project risks and increase the likelihood of securing project funding the g2l™ process - a completely integrated clean synthetic fuel solution the g2ltm process from topsoe and sasol is an industry-recognized solution to convert methane-rich gas, co2 and renewable electricity to clean liquid fuels. the commercially proven g2ltm offering, has served customers around the world for years in transforming natural gas into a range of high-quality fuels and chemical products. how g2l™ works the traditional, natural gas based; g2ltm process offered by the single point license consists of the following main processing units: topsoe syngas generation by syncor™ reforming technology converting methane-rich gas to carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the two key syngas components required by the fischer-tropsch synthesis process. sasol ltfttm synthesis a catalytic process converting the carbon monoxide and hydrogen into long chain molecules. topsoe hydroprocessing breaks down the longer-chained molecules, isomerizes and saturates the molecules to produce desired end-products like jet fuel, diesel and naphtha. topsoe hydrogen hydrogen is required for the hydroprocessing and syngas processes, and technologies are available to produce low carbon emission hydrogen. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/G2L-Licensing-2000x1125px-VISUAL2-dark.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>G2L™ technology</h4> <span class="byline">Synthetic fuels</span> <p>Produce clean synthetic fuels with the only single-point Gas-to-Liquids license Build an end-to-end ...</p> <span class="readtime">3 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/g2ltm-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="G2L™ eFuels technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="g2l™ efuels technologymonetize your renewable energy and sustainable co2 with efuels production the g2ltm efuels solution lets you produce sustainable synthetic fuels and chemicals from green hydrogen and co2. with our unique single point licensing solution, you get a feed-in to product-out integrated solution based on leading technologies from topsoe and sasol. we also provide a proven process to help you optimize performance, minimize carbon footprint, improve yields and provide a reliable solution. with the g2ltm efuels solution you can produce several types of in-demand fuels, and much of the required infrastructure, certification and legislation is already in place. produce the following premium output: ediesel. clean burning with low nox, sox, and particulate matter emissions ejet fuel/ekerosene. clean burning with low nox, sox, particulate matter emissions, and reduced contrail formation enaptha. premium cracker feedstock containing no metals or aromatics used as sustainable feedstock in the chemical industry an end-to-end solution using our single point license gives the following benefits: fully integrated design. the g2ltm efuels solution offers a single license to build and operate a fully integrated fuels production plant. integrated guarantees. streamline execution, increase energy efficiency, and ensure reliable production with an integrated solution. reliable production. the g2ltm efuels solution is built on proven technologies combined with breakthrough sustainable technologies. bankable. reduce project risks and increase the likelihood of securing project funding the g2l™ efuels process - an integrated solution the commercially proven g2ltm offering has served energy companies around the world for years, in transforming natural gas into a range of high-quality fuels and chemical products. with the g2ltm efuels solution, these well-known processes are combined with breakthrough technologies for producing sustainable liquid fuels: from renewable energy via green hydrogen, and from co2 via carbon capture. how the g2l™ efuels solution works with topsoe and sasol, you get a feed-in to product-out integrated solution based on leading technologies which can be adapted to specific product needs. topsoe ereacttm fuels technology: co2 and hydrogen to syngas for years, the topsoe syncortm technology has been the reliable and optimal choice for gas-to-liquids plants using natural gas feedstock. this technology is adapted to convert co2 and hydrogen through our two-step rwgs (reverse water gas shift) process; a fully commercialized process that gives high conversion rates. with the novel ereacttm fuels technology, the process is further electrified, meaning syngas can be produced from renewable energy, water and co2 in a very compact reactor, providing: high conversion rates and syngas quality high overall carbon efficiency +95% low consumption of hydrogen elimination of flue gas sasol ltfttm: synthesis solution the commercially proven sasol low temperature fischer tropschtm technology (sasol ltfttm) relies on a catalytic process to convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen to long-chain, largely paraffinic molecules. these are ideally suited for producing synthetic kerosene for jet fuel and diesel fuels. the technology and catalyst are in commercial operation in various plants across the globe. topsoe hydroprocessing: upgrading fischer tropsch liquid to efuel the topsoe hydroprocessing unit breaks down the long chain molecules while saturating and isomerizing to produce final products of exceptional quality. the required product slate can be tailored to market needs. view our latest update from our ereact™ plant. your web browser does not support iframes, which means that the video ereact™ - foulum walkthrough cannot play. dont miss our latest technical whitepaper on the ereact™ technology. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Products%202000x1125/Process%20licensing/21020-HT-G2L-2000x1125px-VISUAL3.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>G2L™ eFuels technology</h4> <span class="byline">Synthetic fuels</span> <p>Monetize your renewable energy and sustainable CO2 with eFuels production The G2LTM eFuels solution ...</p> <span class="readtime">4 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/g2ltm-efuels-technology"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="CIRCULAR PLASTIC: PURE LOGIC." data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="circular plastic: pure logic.circular plastic: pure logic the power of innovation has risen to meet global challenges before. and it can again today. convert mixed waste into a feedstock for steam crackers and enable the production of a premium circular plastic product. this can help decarbonize your operations, fight waste, and future proof your business. purestep™ makes all this possible with chemical recycling via renewable naphtha. you bring your challenges, we’ll bring our expertise pick a partner that knows how. topsoe has plenty of brainy folks working in this field, with many projects already well underway with clients. with our commitment to perfecting chemistry for a better world, topsoe has a track record of helping clients to decarbonize and optimize their operations. together, we can tackle the task at hand. full flexibility do it your way. take advantage of economies of scale and build big or start off with a smaller operation. construct a stand-alone plant or explore co-processing options. whatever your approach, and whatever the feedstock, we are ready to deliver a proven technology so your business can be part of the solution to the world’s waste problems. that’s the power of pure innovation. the process the puresteptm process the first thing you need in recycling is waste and unfortunately, with an abundance of landfills and waste being incinerated, sources are plentiful. but what happens next? let’s take a look at the different types of recycling out there. mechanical recycling is what it sounds like: mechanical. waste material passes through these stages: sorting, washing and drying, chopping, grinding, and reprocessing. this process is rather straightforward, but the material quality deteriorates in each cycle and the recycled material can rarely be used in the same application as before. with chemical recycling, plastic waste is turned back into its chemical building blocks, monomers, or naphtha-like feedstock, enabling the production of new plastic. but purestep™ (advanced chemical recycling) goes further and purer. it can remove impurities from low-grade mixed waste — something that wasn’t possible before. this is because of topsoe’s deep knowledge of hydroprocessing technology.and ability to take on hard to deal with feedstocks. and this means that waste such as tires, municipal solid waste and products containing pvc can now be recycled to premium circular plastic. first, the waste is converted via a liquefaction process (pyrolysis or hydrothermal liquefaction) to an oil. that oil is then purified before it can be used as feedstock for new, circular plastic, that could be used even in food- and medical-grade plastics. how it works? with purestep™, the recycling process takes place via these steps: low-grade mixed waste is converted to a liquid via hydrothermal liquefaction or catalytic pyrolysis the liquid is upgraded to naphtha-like feedstock using topsoe’s purestep™ technology the feedstock can be fed into a steam cracker to produce top quality circular plastic products process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20THUMBNAILS%20-%20Div/Circular%20plastic%20no%20text%20thumbnail.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>CIRCULAR PLASTIC: PURE LOGIC.</h4> <span class="byline">Low-grade mixed waste</span> <p>Circular Plastic: Pure Logic The power of innovation has risen to meet global challenges before. ...</p> <span class="readtime">5 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/circular-plastic-pure-logic"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Bayonet reformer (SMR-b)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="bayonet reformer (smr-b)our bayonet reformer smr-b combines the novel properties of convection and radiant heat transfer in one steam reformer. the development and introduction of the smr-b is a result of topsoe’s continuous striving towards more energy efficient ways of producing hydrogen by steam reforming of hydrocarbon feed stocks. smr-b consists of bayonet reformer tubes in a furnace box heated by radiant wall burners smr-b provides hydrogen production with minimum hydrocarbon consumption and low steam export smr-b is environmental friendly with low fuel consumption, low nox and co2 emissions improved heat utilization in the smr-b, significantly reduces the amount of burners, while maintaining the unique possibility of adjusting the tube temperature profile smr-b operates at high heat fluxes providing capital cost savings for medium to large hydrogen plants protect your most valuable assets and achieve ideal operating conditions with topsoe furnace manager process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/images/bayonet.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Bayonet reformer (SMR-b)</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Our bayonet reformer SMR-b combines the novel properties of convection and radiant heat transfer in ...</p> <span class="readtime">1 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/bayonet-reformer-smr-b"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="Convection reformer HTCR" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="convection reformer htcrhydrogen demand on the rise demand for hydrogen is on the rise – worldwide. refinery operations need to: deal effectively with widely varying feedstocks and oil fractions constantly maintain profit margins and improve efficiency benefit from new processes and technologies comply with evermore stringent environmental legislation haldor topsoe convection reformer™ (htcr) technology is a compact, high-efficiency heat exchange reformer that provides refinery operators with a straightforward, inexpensive way to meet the growing demand for hydrogen by: rapid, low-disruption addition of new reforming capacity installing add-on units in parallel to your existing reforming installation htcr is the energy efficient ideal choice for hydrogen requirements in the 5,000–50,000 nm3/hour range. haldor topsoe convection reformer (htcr) technology has been in widespread industrial use since 1997. htcr technology the htcr process normally uses natural gas, lpg, naphtha or refinery off-gas as feedstock. this is processed in the following steps: desulfurization of feedstock prereforming in an adiabatic reactor convective reforming in one or two htcr reactors high-temperature shift conversion purification by pressure swing adsorption an htcr reactor absorbs about 80% of the heat released by the burner into the process. this compares to about 50% in a traditional fired tubular reformer featuring radiant heat transfer. the main fuel used for the htcr burner is psa off-gas. the htcr process consumes as much as 20% fewer hydrocarbons for any given effect, compared to a conventional process. greater energy efficiency also provides corresponding reductions in co2 emissions. doesn’t affect the steam balance the high energy efficiency of the htcr process means most of the thermal input is used to convert the feedstock into hydrogen, rather than producing steam. no steam export means you can keep your overall steam balance intact, avoiding additional costs for steam disposal or re-use. compact, simple and scalable compact convection the compact design of htcr units also means they take up very little space. using the convection principle to fully exploit the thermal inputs for the reforming reaction means the reformer takes up 30% less area than a conventional hydrogen unit featuring a box-type reformer (smr). this means you can easily slot an htcr reactor into virtually any refinery space you may have available. modular, low-cost installation most of an htcr installation is delivered onsite as preassembled, pretested modular units mounted on skids ready for rapid, easy installation. this keeps your onsite construction costs to a minimum. the modular configuration also means installing an htcr plant is quick and easy, with minimal disturbance to your other operations. installation can usually be completed in just three months. for a skid-mounted htcr unit, installation work normally only accounts for 15–20% of the overall cost, whereas the onsite work required for a traditional steam reformer often amounts to 30–35%. less hassle, less risk, less disruption an htcr installation is an effective way to derisk expanding your hydrogen capacity with a low cost of ownership, with the additional benefits of coordinated, single-source supply. it’s an uncomplicated, proven technology renowned for reliability, which you can normally depend on to be on-stream more than 99% of the time. and it’s easy to install, bring on-line and operate – you get to boost revenue faster. low energy consumption, fewer emissions the htcr process is approx. 5-10% more energy efficient (feed and fuel) than the conventional smr based hydrogen processes. typical feed and fuel consumption is 3.4 gcal/1000 nm3 hydrogen (362 btu/scf), which provides substantial savings in operating costs as well as reducing co2 emissions. depending on the process layout, energy consumption can be reduced still further towards 3.3 gcal/1000 nm3 hydrogen (351 btu/scf). low manpower requirements – automation if needed the process is easy to operate and only requires minimum supervision and maintenance. you can install htcr technology in simple, no-frills plants, or as part of advanced, semi- or fully automated setups. htcr hydrogen installations are designed for fully automated operation as standard, for use as and when you’re ready for it. convection technology is an exceptionally effective way to transfer thermal energy from the burner to the process straightforward, inexpensive way to get more hydrogen capacity, which you can easily adjust to meet your changing requirements rapid, low cost installation that uses preconfigured equipment modules mounted on easy-to-assemble skids built-in automation is available as standard, so you don’t need as much supervision and manpower low operating costs and up to 10% reductions in hydrocarbons consumption and resulting emissions how an htcr reactor works the htcr reactor consists of a vertical, refractory-lined vessel with a bundle of bayonet tubes inside. each tube is surrounded by another tube that guides the hot flue gas around the bundle of tubes containing the feedstock. you can quickly and easily adjust the levels of heat using a proprietary topsoe flue gas control system. below the vertical section is a horizontal combustion chamber containing the burner. the heat is transferred to the feedstock by convection, resulting in more effective exploitation of the thermal inputs, lower fuel consumption and no steam export. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/Topsoe%20HTCR%20plant.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Convection reformer HTCR</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Hydrogen demand on the rise Demand for hydrogen is on the rise – worldwide. Refinery operations ...</p> <span class="readtime">5 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/convection-reformer-htcr"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="SynCOR™ - Autothermal Reformer (ATR)" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="syncor™ - autothermal reformer (atr)advanced autothermal reforming at low steam-to-carbon ratio the majority of the world’s syngas-producing plants apply steam methane reforming, with the specific type of reforming technology depending on application and operating conditions. topsoe offers several types of reforming technologies and has decades of experience ensuring that the optimal design is selected for each individual project. topsoe’s syncor™ advanced autothermal reforming technology (previously called a-atr) is often the preferred technology in many of today’s world-scale projects because it enhances economy of scale by maximizing single-line capacity while significantly reducing capital and operating costs. topsoe’s syncor™ process not only offers the market’s lowest cost of ownership but is also supported by 70 years of proven reliability and safe, continuous operation. main benefits high single-line capacity economy of scale opex savings lower emissions exceeding 99% availability easy and safe operation with a syncor™ solution, high conversion is achieved with one-step reforming. other benefits of topsoe’s syncor™ process include smaller footprint and therefore lower capital costs, as well as lower operating costs due to significantly reduced steam-to-carbon (s/c) ratios. syncor™ plants operate at a s/c ratio as low as 0.6. low s/c ratios and high reforming temperatures also enable larger single-train capacities and produce syngas that is characterized by very low methane content, low h2/co ratios and high co/co2 ratios. the syngas produced is well suited for application in ammonia, methanol and gas-to-liquid (gtl) plants, as well as tigas™ gasoline plants and syngas hubs. a particular benefit of the higher co/co2 ratios in the syngas is the reduction in size of the methanol synthesis section, lowering capital costs even further. a particular benefit for ammonia plants is the reduced steam throughput, which significantly reduces the sizes of equipment and piping, keeping it within standard sizes and lowering capex when scaling up. the use of syncor™ technology is advantageous because the combustion of feed gas generates heat for the reforming reaction, eliminating the need for supply or dissipation of thermal energy. with a syncor™ advanced autothermal reformer, tubular reforming is not necessary – instead, pre-reformed natural gas is sent directly to the autothermal reformer along with oxygen. by eliminating the need for tubular reforming, steam addition can be significantly reduced and energy efficiency is improved. autothermal reforming conditions are typically more challenging than those for a conventional oxygen-fired secondary reformer operating at high s/c ratios, which necessitates very robust hardware and catalysts. topsoe’s state-of-the-art equipment includes a process burner that provides safe operation, long lifetime, centered flame, soot-free combustion and uniform mixing. our refractory lining is multi-layered to ensure safety and reliability as well as low surface temperatures on the pressure shell. our target tiles provide high wear resistance and act as a robust top layer. and last but not least, our autothermal reformer catalysts provide long life time, low pressure-drop and high activity as well as other unique attributes that ensure the best possible performance and efficiency of the syncor™ unit. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/The%20SynCOR%E2%84%A2%20reformer%20is%20used%20in%20large-scale%20methanol%2c%20ammonia%20and%20other%20processes..jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>SynCOR™ - Autothermal Reformer (ATR)</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Advanced autothermal reforming at low steam-to-carbon ratio The majority of the world’s ...</p> <span class="readtime">4 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/syncortm-autothermal-reformer-atr"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="eREACT™" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="ereact™lets power up blue: electrifying low-carbon hydrogen production to achieve our net zero ambitions, the shipping and aviation industries will most likely have to rely on hydrogen and its derivatives for decarbonization. right now, more than 99% of global hydrogen production is derived from fossil fuels, particularly natural gas which accounts for 75%1. the most widespread route for hydrogen production which uses natural gas as feedstock is steam methane reforming (smr), and it is expected to remain the dominant process because of it favorable economics and existing infrastructure. in 2014, we at topsoe set out to leverage our existing knowledge and expertise in smr technology to an emission-free alternative. recognizing that the ley to unlocking the potential for low-carbon hydrogen production lies in the electrified reforming technology used to produce the syngas, we devised a solution that seamlessly integrates electricity with reactor processes. meet ereacttm ereact is the electrified counterpart to the worlds most common hydrogen production method: steam methane reforming (smr). the main difference between ereact and smr lies in the heat generation process. smr relies on the combustion of natural gas for heat generation, which results in co2 emissions. ereact, on the other hand, relies on (renewable) electricity to drive the same reaction, resulting in ultra-low carbon intensity, and a remarkable reduction of over 99%in co2 emissions compared to smr. with ereact, you can support the energy transition with your existing hydrocarbon infrastructure (natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (lpg), or naphtha), and future-proof your low-carbon production. why choose ereact? co2 emissions reduction by >99% compared to smr ultra-low carbon intensity of0-0.2 kg co2/kg h2 eliminates all flue gas from the hydrogen-production process minimizes plant footprint with a solution significantly smaller than a traditional smr furnace reduces natural gas consumption with 30-40% compared to traditional smr for hydrogen production lower engineering and operating cost through simpler plant design safe and low-cost continuous operation easy on-site construction and transportation fits with decentralized chemicals production faster startup time long-term ease of maintenance article: ereact in action! topsoe, a global leader in carbon emission reduction technologies, and aramco, a global integrated energy chemicals company, have entered into a collaboration to demonstrate the ereacttm technology for the production of low-carbon hydrogen (also commonly referred to as blue hydrogen). read full article: topsoe and aramco to demonstrate groundbreaking low-carbon hydrogen production technology a sneak-peek on the ereact process lets look at some of the process details of ereact - from hydrocarbon feedstock to syngas. it all starts with desulphurization of the hydrocarbon feedstock, such as natural gas, lpg, or naphtha, before its combined with steam. the mixed gas is efficiently preheated using electrical heating. it then enters the prereformer for a partial reforming of the gas. this prereformed gas is then fed to the electrical reactor in which the methane is converted to synthesis gas by the steam reforming reaction. the compact reactor of ereact features a catalyst bed designed and manufactured by topsoe and requires an electricity input of approximately 1 kwh/nm3 of hydrogen. finally the gas is cooled down in a waste heat boiler. this cooling process generates steam, which is used for the reforming process. the final syngas is treated based on its intended application. for hydrogen production, the syngas is directed to a shift reactor, where its purified through a hydrogen psa (pressure swing adsorption) unit, and a co2 capture unit. this yields high-purity hydrogen. a proven solution ready for deployment for more than 10 years, we have researched and developed ways to transfer existing knowledge on smr technology to an emission-free electrified counterpart. having gone through in-house scale-up, ereact is now a proven technology ready to be deployed, and its feasibility and scalability have been demonstrated through our pilot project. in 2022, we installed a pilot plant in aarhus universitys research facility in denmark (foulum). since it commissioning in october 2022, the plant has successfully demonstrated operational experience with the industrial-scale electrified steam methane reforming technology (ereact). the plant has received funding from eudp - the danish energy technology development and demonstration programme. get a glimpse of our ereact plant in this video your web browser does not support iframes, which means that the video ereact™ - foulum walkthrough cannot play. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/GettyImages-1145255846-1.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>eREACT™</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>Let's power up blue: Electrifying low-carbon hydrogen production To achieve our net zero ambitions, ...</p> <span class="readtime">6 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/eereact-hydrogen-the-future-of-blue-hydrogen-products-process-licensing-topsoe-react-hydrogen"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="H2Retake™ - an ammonia cracking solution ready to go" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="h2retake™ - an ammonia cracking solution ready to goh2retake is topsoes commercially proven and highly energy-efficient ammonia cracking solution. it allows energy producers worldwide the ability to convert ammonia back into high-purity hydrogen efficiently and with the lowest levelized cost. profit form decades of industrial experience in large-scale industrial ammonia cracking. release the energy potential in ammonia through a solution thats efficient, flexible, and proven. meet 96% energy efficiency are you in the market for the best conversion efficiency? h2retaketm stands out among other ammonia cracking technologies due to its market-leading energy efficiency of 96% within the h2retaketm process, energy input in the side-fired ammonia cracker is efficiently utilized to drive the decomposition reaction and effectively preheat and evaporate the raw feed with minimal wastage. the efficiency is achieved through a streamlined ammonia cracking design, optimized heat and off stream integration and careful selection of a catalyst. the cost of the ammonia feed is the dominating cost of hydrogen from ammonia cracking. the optimized energy and hydrogen efficiency of h2retaketm will ensure the best possible business case for the ammonia cracking plant. the optimized heat integration in h2retaketm has eliminated the need for any cooling or stream generating system which further reduces the total investment needed to realize the plant. a flexible and scalable solution the application of ammonia cracking is versatile. it can be centralized and implemented on large to mega-scale, with the production hydrogen then transported to its end-use location via a comprehensive hydrogen grid, as currently planned in europe. alternatively, it can be deployed in a decentralized, large-scale manner, located near major hydrogen consumers, potentially through local hydrogen grids. h2retake™ provides a versatile approach in its scale and deployment, allowing companies flexibility regarding ammonia cracking capabilities. so, from decentralized off-take dedicated ammonia crackers to largescale centralized ammonia crackers feeding hydrogen grids, our ammonia cracking set-up can be adapted to feed your requirements. proven large-scale ammonia cracking we have the only industrially proven ammonia cracking technology available and optimized to perform exceptionally well under ammonia cracking conditions. largest reference plant: arroyito, argentina our largest plant in arroyito, argentina, with a capacity of up to 2 x 2,400 mtpd in two parallel lines, is a testament to our proven technology. the core components of h2retaketm, catalyst technology, and supporting solutions put us in a unique market position to deliver process and catalyst guarantees. delve into the h2retake process the core h2retake builds on our established side-fired cracking technology. despite overall similarities in the design with conventional steam methane reformers, h2retake primarily differs in the choice of equipment materials, as these must tolerate harsh nitridation conditions in the ammonia cracker, and of course the catalyst. h2retake improves the overall ammonia cracking performance with high conversion rates, energy optimization, catalyst selection, process integration, and advanced technologies to ensure the most efficient pathway to a cost-efficient, large-scale clean hydrogen supply. beyond the basics of the h2retake process delve deeper into the process... the ammonia feed is pumped to elevated pressure and then vaporized using process waste heat. at this pressure, ammonia is vaporized using process waste heat through the highly optimized heat integration of the process design. the ammonia decomposition then begins in the pre-converter section by further integrating process waste heat into the product stream. this significantly reduces the fuel consumption of the fired cracker and maximizes the energy utilization from the flue gasses generated during firing the ammonia decomposition is completed in the heart of the process, the side-fired cracker, which is then followed by separation and final purification steps to deliver the hydrogen at the required purity. the entire process is underpinned by advanced heat, fuel and off-gas recovery and integration. in the flue gas section of the fired cracker, proven scr solution ensure clean emissions meeting project requirements. cracking on with a proven catalyst our long track record of developing and supplying industrially proven ammonia cracking catalysts means our products are operationally proven and outperform competitors in real-world industrial settings. for h2retaketm, we recommend base metal catalysts, including the superior topsoe proprietary iron-cobalt catalyst with unsurpassed performance and stability (dnk-2r). adding tailored nickel-based catalyst to our portfolio of ammonia cracking catalysts offers techno-economic optimization of the h2retaketm solution (dnk-20 and dnk-30). thanks to the meticulous selection of structural and electronic promoters, our catalytic technology effectively mitigates the impact of water presence and ensures long term stable and efficient ammonia decomposition. watch the on-demand webinar here process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/GettyImages-1152010591.jpeg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>H2Retake™ - an ammonia cracking solution ready to go</h4> <span class="byline">Chemical processing</span> <p>H2Retake is Topsoe's commercially proven and highly energy-efficient ammonia cracking solution. It ...</p> <span class="readtime">7 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/h2retake-process"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all process_licensing process-licensing " data-name="MTJet™ Technology" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="mtjet™ technologyincrease economy of scale and capitalize on a flexible methanol to jet fuel solution with sustainable aviation fuels (saf) taking off, producers need a robust pathway that can help future-proof their business while simultaneously generating operational stability around the clock. the mtjet™ solution offers just that. utilizing methanol as an intermediate for jet fuel synthesis allows producers to handle and capitalize on a dynamic range of situations and feedstocks. the mtjet™ process pathway our mtjet™ technology is based on years of commercial experience and internal research and development within methanol synthesis and methane-rich gas-to-gasoline processes – tigas™. the result is a methanol-to-jet solution that can deliver ejet fuel from renewable electricity, water, and co2 or advanced biofuel from solid biomass feedstocks. creating a truly end-to-end– feedstock to jet fuel out product. mtjet™ - dynamic operation. stable production. high-capacity utilization on the backend is attributed to topsoe’s methanol synthesis process, which can operate at 10% of its design capacity and handle temporary electrolyzer shutdown. allowing operations to run directly off methanol storage tanks. furthermore, this backend can be scaled to even higher capacities when imported green methanol is introduced into the equation. this flexibility provides saf producers with a diverse range of options, negating any issues surrounding upstream feedstock fluctuations and challenges or facility limitations. thereby achieving increased economy of scale for your operation and further reducing capex. single-point benefits extensive experience within methanol and gasoline synthesis. proven track record of integrated technologies within large, commercialized plants. a licensing process backed by ip, patents, and proprietary technology and catalysts. reliable technology and service representatives. discover various sustainable aviation pathways learn more about low-carbon solutions for the aviation industry through the link below. get the latest on low-carbon solutions in aviation learn more about saf and other sustainable aviation solutions by signing up for our flight plan green newsletter. want to learn more about renewable fuels? listen to our fuel for thought podcast and get inside knowledge on some of the most pressing topics in the renewable fuels industry. process licensing"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/IMAGES/IMAGES%20-%20Podcast%20page%202000x1125/30002%20Web%20billede%20plane%20take%20off%202000x1125.jpg);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> process_licensing </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>MTJet™ Technology </h4> <span class="byline">Synthetic fuels</span> <p>Increase economy of scale and capitalize on a flexible methanol to jet fuel solution With ...</p> <span class="readtime">4 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/process-licensing/mtjet-process"></a> </div> <div class="topsoe-card resource card all equipment equipment " data-name="Solid Oxide Electrolysis" data-blog-name="" data-date="" data-search="solid oxide electrolysissolid oxide electrolysis (soec): next generation green hydrogen production even as targets are set and pledges made, humanity’s greatest industrial undertaking – the energy transition – continues to represent an enormous logistic and economic challenge. at topsoe, we know that challenges of this magnitude can only be addressed through a diverse ecosystem of solutions — applying different technologies and strategies so each industry has a unique and effective pathway to decarbonization. for the hard-to-electrify industries, power-to-x is one of these key solutions. the core of topsoe’s ptx offering is our proprietary solid-oxide electrolysis cell (soec) technology that leverages high-temperature electrolysis to enable the industrial scale production of green hydrogen. high-temperature electrolysis, empowers companies in the hard-to-electrify sectors to generate ultra-low carbon hydrogen or carbon monoxide using renewable electricity. the unmatched efficiency and industrial scalability of soec technology position it as an ideal means to an ideal end: producing more hydrogen per total power input and maximizing your investment in renewable energy. benefits of topsoe soec? our soec technology is designed to integrate seamlessly with downstream processes, so green hydrogen can be processed into green ammonia, for use in chemical applications or energy storage; emethanol, for use in chemical or transportation-fuel production; or one of many other green chemicals and fuels. with decades of experience as a world-leading solution provider for all of these applications, topsoe is one of the few companies capable of providing the insights and technology needed to facilitate the production and large-scale availability of next-generation fuels and chemicals. we are already engaged in several projects aimed at proving the viability of soec, including our work with first ammonia, a pioneering integrated green ammonia producer developing modular, commercial scale plants using topsoe’s electrolysis technology. topsoe’s soec technology is a modular design that leverages high-temperature electrolysis — a tested and proven process that enables industrial-scale production of green hydrogen using renewable electricity. due to the nature of the intrinsic fast-reaction kinetics and optimized conductivity found in high-temperature electrolysis, topsoe’s soec technology produces more hydrogen per total power input when compared to the alternatives of alkaline and pem electrolysis. additionally, when coupled with waste heat-producing technologies (such as those used in ammonia production, methanol production or steel production), soec allows for the lowest levelized hydrogen cost with the highest level of energy efficiency per megawatt or gigawatt volume, no matter the industry. with topsoe’s soec, the value of a renewable electricity investment is utilized optimally to produce green hydrogen. this results in ultra-low carbon, highly efficient processes for power-to-x solutions. how does soec work? demineralized water is evaporated, and then heated to the required temperature range from 675ºc to 825ºc at the entrance of the soec section; low-value steam can be imported to aid in the evaporation process. in the soec section, further heating takes place along with the reaction itself. soec has a wide operating range, which allows for mitigation against degradation of the stacks. the soec cells are compact structures built primarily from abundant, low-cost ceramic materials. the steam flows in metal structures and is evenly distributed through microchannels into the cells. within these cells, the electrolysis reaction splits the steam into hydrogen and oxygen, after which the latter leaves the electrolyzer while the hydrogen is cooled; excess water is then recycled via a separation process. the saturated, green hydrogen can then be compressed or purified to meet the clients’ requirements. the topsoe soec electrolyzer is a compact stack built primarily from abundant, low-cost ceramic materials enclosed within a metal housing. to produce hydrogen, it utilizes electricity to split water molecules (h2o) into hydrogen (h2) and oxygen (o2). this is accomplished by three components: an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte. the cathode splits water molecules, via reduction, into hydrogen and oxide ions, after which the oxide ions are transported through the electrolyte to the anode and oxidized into oxygen. how does soec compare with pem & alkaline? the higher efficiency of topsoes soec technology over alkaline and pem is driven by the fact that soec operates at a higher temperature, benefitting from faster kinetics and higher conductivity. as a result, topsoes soec solution runs at a lower voltage, which translates into a lower power consumption per unit of hydrogen produced. 1. soec electrolysis benefits from operation at a lower voltage soec is more efficient than both alkaline and pem technologies since it operates at a lower voltage. soec operates at a voltage covering exactly the sum of the electricity and heat demand, while alkaline and pem processes both operate above the sum of these two. the reason for this is that soec operates at the thermo-neutral voltage, which is the point at which the heat demand is balanced out by the joule heat. joule heat is produced from resistance that occurs when an electric current is applied to the electrolysis cells. this, in turn, means that temperature gradients do not occur within the soec, as the temperature of the steam supplied is equivalent to the temperature of the resulting green hydrogen product. 2. soec electrolysis benefits from optimal design and plant integration when compared to alkaline and pem alternatives, the soec electrolysis process requires less power overall. additionally, with the integration of a steam feed, the soec process becomes even more efficient. since the hydrogen product is in a gaseous state, extra energy is required to evaporate any water needed for alkaline or pem processes. in the case of soec, steam is utilized, resulting in further reduction of the total energy demand. 3. soec electrolysis produces more hydrogen per unit of power consumed more hydrogen is produced, per total power input, by soec technology compared to alkaline and pem, making soec a more efficient solution. this efficiency is further improved when steam is imported, whereby soec’s hydrogen-production capacity per total power input increases compared with that of alkaline or pem. by comparing the three technologies’ energy flows, it is evident, that soec is significantly more efficient. the advantage of operating a soec comes from its highly optimized design, which produces more green hydrogen while exhibiting only minor low-grade heat losses from the total heat input. why topsoe? at topsoe we follow the solution all the way from production to end customer, ensuring a safe start-up and fully optimized, scalable plant performance that we guarantee from initial electricity intake to the final product molecule. we consider it our responsibility to alleviate as much customer risk as possible. we do this through long-term production, optimization and maintenance, and by providing comprehensive optimization across the entire plant, facilitated by decades of troubleshooting experience within the petrochemical and refinery sectors. by managing the development of the full soec electrolyzer system, we give our customers the certainty they need to manage their energy consumption and production costs. download our bridging the gap whitepaper to learn more about the benefits of topsoe soec electrolysis. equipment"> <div class="top has-image" style="background-image:url(https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/SOEC%20Electrolysis.png);"> <span class="type" style="background-color: #ffffff;"> equipment </span> </div> <div class="content bottom"> <h4>Solid Oxide Electrolysis</h4> <span class="byline">Electrolyzer</span> <p>Solid Oxide Electrolysis (SOEC): Next generation green hydrogen production Even as targets are set ...</p> <span class="readtime">8 minute read</span> </div> <a href="https://www.topsoe.com/our-resources/knowledge/our-products/equipment/soec"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mix-no-results" style="display: none;"> <h5>No results found.</h5> </div> <div id="pagination"> <div class="pagination paginate mixitup-page-list"></div> 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'.' + hash : targetSelector; } $('.checkbox input').each(function() { if ($(this).attr('value') === selector) { $(this).prop("checked", true); } }); return selector; } // function setHash(state) { var selector = state.activeFilter.selector; var newHash = '#' + selector.replace(/^\./g, ''); if (selector === targetSelector && window.location.hash) { history.pushState(null, document.title, window.location.pathname); } else if (newHash !== window.location.hash && selector !== targetSelector) { // Change the hash history.pushState(null, document.title, window.location.pathname + newHash); // or history.replaceState() } //Infinite Load $('.mix-load-more').removeClass('hide'); if ($('.mix:visible').length < loadMoreLimit) { $('.mix-load-more').addClass('hide'); } } // var mixer = mixitup(container, { selectors: { target: '.card' }, load: { }, animation: { effects: 'fade translateZ(-20px)', effectsIn: 'fade translateY(-20%)', effectsOut: 'fade translateY(-20%)', easing: 'cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1)' }, pagination: { limit: 12, maintainActivePage: true }, multifilter: { enable: true, minSearchLength: 2 }, callbacks: { onMixClick: function(state, originalEvent) { if(this.matches('[data-search]')) { inputSearch.value = ''; } }, onMixStart: function(state, futureState) { // Hide No Results noResults.style.display = 'none'; // }, onMixFail: function(state) { // Display no Results if (state.hasFailed) noResults.style.display = 'block'; }, onMixEnd: setHash } }) window.onhashchange = function() { var selector = getSelectorFromHash(); if (selector === mixer.getState().activeFilter.selector) return; // no change mixer.filter(selector); }; // $('.mfp-popup-link').magnificPopup({ type: 'inline' }); </script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/iframe-resizer/4.1.1/iframeResizer.min.js"></script> <script> iFrameResize({ checkOrigin:false }, '#pardotForm') </script> <script src="https://www.topsoe.com/hs-fs/hub/2115834/hub_generated/module_assets/173147686926/1727282564146/module_173147686926_u4m-footer.min.js"></script> <script src="/hs/hsstatic/keyboard-accessible-menu-flyouts/static-1.17/bundles/project.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { AOS.init({ disable: 'tablet', offset: 120 }); onElementHeightChange(document.body, function() { AOS.refresh(); }); }); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _hsq = _hsq || []; _hsq.push(["setContentType", "standard-page"]); _hsq.push(["setCanonicalUrl", "https:\/\/www.topsoe.com\/solutions\/offering\/technologies"]); _hsq.push(["setPageId", "175289567082"]); _hsq.push(["setContentMetadata", { "contentPageId": 175289567082, "legacyPageId": "175289567082", "contentFolderId": null, "contentGroupId": null, "abTestId": null, "languageVariantId": 175289567082, "languageCode": "en", }]); </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="hs-script-loader" async defer src="/hs/scriptloader/2115834.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var hsVars = { render_id: "dbaaaaec-6df5-40a7-94ee-0b80e76f5938", ticks: 1732662610869, page_id: 175289567082, content_group_id: 0, portal_id: 2115834, app_hs_base_url: "https://app.hubspot.com", cp_hs_base_url: "https://cp.hubspot.com", language: "en", analytics_page_type: "standard-page", scp_content_type: "", analytics_page_id: "175289567082", category_id: 1, folder_id: 0, is_hubspot_user: false } </script> <script defer src="/hs/hsstatic/HubspotToolsMenu/static-1.354/js/index.js"></script>    <div id="hs_cos_wrapper_module_17199311759359" class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_widget hs_cos_wrapper_type_module" style="" data-hs-cos-general-type="widget" data-hs-cos-type="module">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/magnific-popup.js/1.1.0/magnific-popup.min.css"> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/magnific-popup.js/1.1.0/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js"></script>  <script src="https://www.topsoe.com/hubfs/2021%20Topsoe%20Microsite%20Assets/js/audioplayer.min.js" type="text/javascript" crossorigin="anonymous" data-leadin-portal-id="2115834" data-leadin-env="prod"></script> </div> </body></html>

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