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This version is free to view and download for personal use only. It cannot be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. The full text is available here: https://www.barpublishing.com/gis-applications-in-roman-landscape-and-territory.html This article presents the preliminary results of a systematic survey conducted within the scope of a Seminar in Archaeological Research during the author's bachelor's degree in History and Archeology at the University of Évora. It is based on the experiences performed in the field of non-invasive archaeological techniques and, therefore, on methodologies applied in the context of a gradual learning curve, which, after completing the degree, it is not yet over. During March and April 2021, an intensive field survey was conducted at the late Roman site of Terrugem, in the Municipality of Elvas (Portugal). The site had been previously excavated during the 1940s and has been abandoned since then, with many questions about its classification and functionality still unanswered. The methodologies applied here were based on those used in other similar contexts, namely in Quinta das Longas, Terlamonte I, and Settefinestre. A grid composed of 377 survey units measuring 50x10 meters was built using GIS and a Garmin handheld GPS. In each unit, all the finds were georeferenced, collected, counted, and weighed. Subsequently, the artifact density index of each unit and the geolocation of each sherd were represented in GIS. This allowed me to build a density map and a functionality map of the collected artifacts. A terrain slope and aspect map were also prepared based on altimetric data captured by a UAV. This map made it possible to verify that the largest patch of artifact concentration tends to follow the natural slope of the terrain. These survey methods were also complemented with remote sensing techniques such as aerial photogrammetry, vegetation indexes computation, and thermography besides the analysis of historical photography (both aerial and terrestrial).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Intensive field survey conducted at the late Roman site of Terrugem (Portugal) - Preliminary results","attachmentId":105483085,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106232831/Intensive_field_survey_conducted_at_the_late_Roman_site_of_Terrugem_Portugal_Preliminary_results","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/106232831/Intensive_field_survey_conducted_at_the_late_Roman_site_of_Terrugem_Portugal_Preliminary_results"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="108660495" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108660495/Non_destructive_archaeological_diagnostics_in_the_suburbium_of_a_Roman_town">Non destructive archaeological diagnostics in the suburbium of a Roman town</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32577595" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcoLaracca">Marco Laracca</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Measurement, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ammaia is a deserted Roman town located in the region of Alto Alentejo, in Portugal, included in the ancient province of Lusitania. In recent years, a series of non-destructive archaeological diagnostics have been carried out in the framework of the European Union (EU) funded project Radio-Past, in the supposed intra-mural area of the ancient town and its immediate surroundings. As part of a validation procedure of innovative integrated archaeological survey methods, 'total coverage' geophysical prospections have been performed inside the Roman town, testing integration between several non-destructive archeological methods. Each methodology is constrained by specific limits, mainly related to geomorphological and geological assets, soil matrix, environmental conditions and pollutions, producing inaccuracies in the results of the archaeological interpretation. For these reasons, the scientific community is increasingly seeking technological solutions that make use of the integration of data acquired with multiple non-destructive techniques. In this paper, we will present the results achieved thanks to the integration of some of these approaches for the investigation of a selected suburban area of Ammaia. The novelty of the followed approach lies in the diversification and integration of the applied methodologies, and in the complexity of the scientific questionnaire, not focused only on mapping, but rather on the understanding of the spatial phenomena. The interpretation of the magnetic surveys and surface artefact collection are discussed with respect to the main results and to data-integration strategies. The historical interpretation of these data will reveal a highly detailed plan of the layout, most important monuments and infrastructures of the town, and will disclose crucial aspects of a humanized landscape of Roman times.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Non destructive archaeological diagnostics in the suburbium of a Roman town","attachmentId":106985327,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108660495/Non_destructive_archaeological_diagnostics_in_the_suburbium_of_a_Roman_town","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/108660495/Non_destructive_archaeological_diagnostics_in_the_suburbium_of_a_Roman_town"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="85283322" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85283322/Excavations_at_Villa_Magna_2010">Excavations at Villa Magna 2010</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1566988" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElizabethFentress">Elizabeth Fentress</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">… FastiOnLine documents & …, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link 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ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88717100/The_Excavation_evidence">The Excavation evidence</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20649938" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertEngl">Robert Engl</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Excavation evidence","attachmentId":92640330,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88717100/The_Excavation_evidence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88717100/The_Excavation_evidence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="94544982" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/94544982/Appendix_1_The_excavated_evidence">Appendix 1 The excavated evidence</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1099343" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgeHaggarty">George Haggarty</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Appendix 1 The excavated evidence","attachmentId":96971619,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/94544982/Appendix_1_The_excavated_evidence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/94544982/Appendix_1_The_excavated_evidence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="95341183" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95341183/Geophysical_Investigations_within_the_Latus_Dextrum_of_Porolissum_Fort_Northwestern_Romania_The_Layout_of_a_Roman_Edifice">Geophysical Investigations within the Latus Dextrum of Porolissum Fort, Northwestern Romania-The Layout of a Roman Edifice</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="497957" href="https://institutarheologie-istoriaarteicj.academia.edu/VladAndreiL%C4%83z%C4%83rescu">Vlad-Andrei Lăzărescu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Heritage, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper summarizes the results of a recent geophysical investigation carried out at Porolissum, which is considered to be one of the most significant Roman sites in Romania. The geophysical survey was carried out within the latus dextrum of the fort, which is the same location that had been the subject of earlier geophysical surveys as well as older archaeological excavations (1970s) that had uncovered a multiroom building. A cesium vapor total field magnetometer and a multi-electrode resistivity meter for a dense Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey were used. Eighty parallel ERT profiles in combination with the emerging total field magnetic data and an antecedent magnetic survey allowed us to complete a more precise interpretation regarding the building that once existed on the left side of Porolissum's Principia (the commander's house). In contrast to the magnetic survey, which only reveals a part of the building's architecture, the ERT survey provides a comprehensive view of the structure's layout. More than 20 rooms could be positively identified, and the existence of further rooms might be deduced from the data. The ERT scan revealed the existence of the building's northern external wall as well, which is not reflected on the magnetic map. Because some parts of the building are not visible on the magnetic map, we can assume that the building was constructed with at least two types of rocks (magmatic and sedimentary). In addition to the archaeological interpretation of the geophysical anomalies, a number of discussions concerning the connection between our survey and the geology of the area were held. The complementarity of the magnetic and resistivity results prompted us to conceive a preliminary 3D reconstruction of the building. Even if the building function is unknown in the absence of reliable archaeological data, it could have been a storage building, a second praetorium, a valetudinarium (hospital), or an armamentarium (weapons storage building). The illustrative reconstruction was completed taking into consideration that the building was a Roman military hospital, which, based on the available data, may be considered a credible assumption.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Geophysical Investigations within the Latus Dextrum of Porolissum Fort, Northwestern Romania-The Layout of a Roman Edifice","attachmentId":97549684,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95341183/Geophysical_Investigations_within_the_Latus_Dextrum_of_Porolissum_Fort_Northwestern_Romania_The_Layout_of_a_Roman_Edifice","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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href="https://ucl.academia.edu/CorisandeFenwick">Corisande Fenwick</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1566988" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElizabethFentress">Elizabeth Fentress</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Excavations at Villa Magna 2007","attachmentId":30864530,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1518926/Excavations_at_Villa_Magna_2007","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1518926/Excavations_at_Villa_Magna_2007"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="44594261" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44594261/The_Excavations_in_Area_C">The Excavations in Area C</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="232119" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/ShiraGurArieh">Shira Gur-Arieh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Excavations and Studies Tell es-Safi / Gath II, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Excavations in Area 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