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/>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title>中国：中色公开上市投资者亟需保持谨慎 | Human Rights Watch</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716js_/http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20120610124716im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/04/22-0"/> <meta name="keywords" content="Africa,Asia,China and Tibet,Corporations,Zambia,上市，香港,Business,Trade"/> <meta name="copyright" content="Human Rights Watch"/> <meta name="description" content="（纽约）- 国际组织人权观察今天表示，中国有色集团（China Non-Ferrous Metals Mining Corporation, CNMC；下称“中色”）即将在香港上市，潜在投资者应了解，该公司在赞比亚犯有令人不安的劳动权益侵犯行为。中色旗下的公司在赞比亚营运，没能或不愿意尊重员工权益，潜在投资者应当向中色提出这些严重的企业行为问题。路透社及香港报纸《明报》4月17日报道，中国国有企业中色的赞比亚铜矿资产（包括矿井、冶炼厂和加工厂）即将在香港交易及结算所有限公司（Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited , HKEx；下称“香港交易所”）上市。中色将于本周在香港启动路演，在上市前吸引国际投资者。"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20120610124716cs_/http://www.hrw.org/modules/search/search.css?H"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20120610124716cs_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css_2689e521afbe68ed03c9a26839c4f251_1.css"/>   <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20120610124716js_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js_6ca5116fbfa161ecda865b98f63b3a0d_0.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Human Rights Watch - News" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/rss/news"> 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class="service-links-twitter-widget first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F04%2F22-0&count=horizontal&via=&text=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E8%89%B2%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%82%20%20%20%E6%8A%95%E8%B5%84%E8%80%85%E4%BA%9F%E9%9C%80%E4%BF%9D%E6%8C%81%E8%B0%A8%E6%85%8E&counturl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F04%2F22-0" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Tweet Widget</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-facebook-like last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F04%2F22-0&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=recommend&colorscheme=light&width=150&height=21&font=&locale=" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Facebook Like</span></a></li> </ul></div><div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-images"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="view view-nodereference-related-images view-id-nodereference_related_images view-display-id-block_2 view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-field-imagefile-fid"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/photographs/2011_Zambia_chinesecoppermines_0.jpg" rel="lightbox[field_imagefile][<p>一名中方矿场经理在中色卢安夏工地观察赞方工人施工。中国国企中色非矿在赞比亚经营四家企业，中色卢安夏为其中之一。</p>]" class="imagefield imagefield-lightbox2 imagefield-lightbox2-scale-300x imagefield-field_imagefile imagecache imagecache-field_imagefile imagecache-scale-300x imagecache-field_imagefile-scale-300x"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716im_/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/sites/default/files/imagecache/scale-300x/media/images/photographs/2011_Zambia_chinesecoppermines_0.jpg"/></a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-image-caption-value"> <div class="field-content">一名中方矿场经理在中色卢安夏工地观察赞方工人施工。中国国企中色非矿在赞比亚经营四家企业，中色卢安夏为其中之一。</div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-copyright-value"> <span class="field-content">© 2011 Thomas Lekfeldt/Moment/Redux</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-news-additional"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-content"> <div class="field-label">相关资料: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2011/11/03-0">赞比亚：矿工描述中国国有矿场的侵权行为</a> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <a href="/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/reports/2011/11/02">“拒绝的话，就会被开除”</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-pullquote"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 有意投资中色集团IPO（首次公开募股）的投资者必须了解到，中国有色集团在赞比亚铜矿的劳动做法有严重缺陷，特别是：原本可以避免的意外事故却因安全措施不足而导致事故。确保劳工权益、尊重当地法律法规和国际法是优良、可持续的企业行为必不可少的重要因素。 </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote-author"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 阿尔温德•加内山（Arvind Ganesan），人权观察企业及人权部主任 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="node-body"><p>（纽约）-  国际组织人权观察今天表示，中国有色集团（China Non-Ferrous Metals Mining Corporation, CNMC；下称“中色”）即将在香港上市，潜在投资者应了解，该公司在赞比亚犯有令人不安的劳动权益侵犯行为。中色旗下的公司在赞比亚营运，没能或不愿意尊重员工权益，潜在投资者应当向中色提出这些严重的企业行为问题。</p> <p>路透社及香港报纸《明报》4月17日报道，中国国有企业中色的赞比亚铜矿资产（包括矿井、冶炼厂和加工厂）即将在香港交易及结算所有限公司（Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited , HKEx；下称“香港交易所”）上市。中色将于本周在香港启动路演，在上市前吸引国际投资者。</p> <p>人权观察企业及人权部主任阿尔温德•加内山（<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/bios/arvind-ganesan"><u>Arvind Ganesan</u></a>）说：“有意投资中色集团IPO（首次公开募股）的投资者必须了解到，中国有色集团在赞比亚铜矿的劳动做法有严重缺陷，特别是：原本可以避免的意外事故却因安全措施不足而导致事故。确保劳工权益、尊重当地法律法规和国际法是优良、可持续的企业行为必不可少的重要因素。”</p> <p>人权观察曾记载中色旗下的公司在赞比亚不断违反劳工权益，并在2011年11月发布相关报告《“拒绝的话，就会被开除”：赞比亚的中国国有铜矿企业侵害劳工权益》（<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/11/03/zambia-workers-detail-abuse-chinese-owned-mines"><u>“‘You’ll Be Fired if You Refuse’: Labor Abuses in Zambia’s Chinese State-owned Copper Mines</u></a>”）。中色矿工表示面临严重问题，如：健康和安全问题、长时间从事超负荷体力劳动、反工会活动。人权观察2011年11月23日致函香港交易所，表示关注中色在赞比亚的恶劣劳动做法。</p> <p>该报告的内容取材自与超过170人进行的面谈，其中95人受雇于中色在赞比亚的四家公司。报告发现的包括：</p> <ul> <li> 赞方矿工合理认为工地不安全而拒绝继续作业，却遭中方经理威胁；</li> <li> 公司要员贿赂和威胁作业受轻伤的矿工，以阻止其依法报案；</li> <li> 赞比亚谦比希湿法冶炼有限公司（Sino-Metals；下称“湿法公司”）实施长时间工作制，似乎违反了赞比亚法律和国际法。谦比希铜冶炼有限公司（Chambishi Copper Smelter，CCS;下称“铜冶炼公司”）亦然但情况不如湿法公司严重。</li> <li> 湿法公司和铜冶炼公司的矿工自主设立和加入工会的权利受压制。员工表示被威胁如果申请成立赞比亚矿工工会（Mineworkers Union of Zambia ，MUZ）分会组织，就会被开除。全国工会领袖们说，两家公司不批准员工加入赞比亚矿工工会，违反法院判决。</li> </ul> <p><br/> “中色藐视当地和国际的劳工与安全准则规范，对赞比亚铜业有兴趣的投资者应把它当成威胁信号，”加内山说。“中色必须解决在赞比亚营运的恶劣工作条件和不公平待遇问题。”<br/> <br/> 继人权观察报告发布后，赞比亚部长们及全国工会要员一再证实报告里的侵权行为符合事实。</p> <p>时任赞比亚劳工部长Fackson Shamenda<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.ukzambians.co.uk/home/2011/11/10/work-within-law-chinese-told/"><u>说</u></a>：“[赞比亚]政府已准备要与中国企业配合，但它们必须停止藐视劳动法律，并确保所有员工得到妥善待遇。”</p> <p>2月初，赞比亚矿业部长向媒体表示，他近日到几家中国铜矿进行考察，发现有不安全的作业情况，并将要求中方经理改善矿场安全条件。媒体<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610124716/http://www.herald.co.zw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33549:optimism-high-in-african-mining-industry&catid=41:business&Itemid=133"><u>引述</u></a>他说：“有些做法和惯例脱轨。如果他们[矿企]不改善的话，我们没有办法，可能就要撤销他们的经营许可证。”</p> <p>人权观察发布报告前，曾向中色致函概述调研得出的主要结果。中色的回函内容详细，虽然否认了一些结论，但也承认确实面对着一些劳工问题。中色表示，旗下的主要矿业公司中色非洲矿业有限公司（NFC Africa Mining PLC ，NFCA；下称“中色非矿”)“多次受到赞比亚税务、审计、矿业、安全等政府部门的批评”，并承诺“将进行更为详细的全面深入的工作，持续关注您所提及的、或者尚未提及的问题”。</p> <p>尽管做出了上述承诺，报告发布后，中色与中国外交部均发表声明提出否认，并称报告“与事实不符”。人权观察正式提请与中色矿井的高层中方经理、中国驻卢萨卡的大使和赞比亚中国经济贸易合作区的官员（Zambia-ChinaEconomic and Trade Cooperation Zone）进行会谈，但被拒绝了。</p> <p>中色1998年开始投入赞比亚，并在过去十年里扩大旗下四家铜矿公司的经营规模，目前这些公司共雇用6000多名员工。矿工与人权观察进行面谈时表示感激中色投资创造大量就业机会，但多数人仍强调指出工作环境侵犯劳工权益，以致经常发生罢工等劳工动乱问题。<br/> <br/> “中色向赞比亚投入大笔金额，制造当地迫切需要的就业机会和收入，但不应该以人权作为代价，”加内山说。“潜在投资者能透过这次IPO，向中色强调这一点，让中色有机会证明它会为所应为。” </p> </div><div class="translation-links"><div class="label">Also available in:</div> <ul class="translation-list"><li class="node_translation_en first"><a href="/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/04/22/china-cnmc-public-listing-needs-investor-vigilance" title="China: CNMC Public Listing Needs Investor Vigilance" class="translation-link">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr last"><a href="/web/20120610124716/http://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2012/04/22/chine-l-entr-e-en-bourse-de-la-cnmc-devrait-inciter-les-investisseurs-la-vigilance" title="Chine: L’entrée en bourse de la CNMC devrait 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中国：中色公开上市 投资者亟需保持谨慎 | Human Rights Watch

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