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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enlaces_externos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Enlaces externos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enlaces_externos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contenidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Tabla de contenidos" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ʊ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 12 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 idiomas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – gallego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – noruego bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruego bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Латинский ипсилон – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Латинский ипсилон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ – chino" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Ʊ" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q394725#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar enlaces interlingüísticos" class="wbc-editpage">Editar enlaces</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacios de nombres"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ver la página de contenido [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artículo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discusi%C3%B3n:%C6%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discusión acerca de la página (aún no redactado) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discusión</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar variante de idioma" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">español</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C6%B1"><span>Leer</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit" title="Editar esta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=history" title="Versiones anteriores de esta página [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Página de herramientas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Herramientas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Herramientas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Herramientas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Más opciones" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acciones </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C6%B1"><span>Leer</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit" title="Editar esta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=history"><span>Ver historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:LoQueEnlazaAqu%C3%AD/%C6%B1" title="Lista de todas las páginas de la wiki que enlazan aquí [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lo que enlaza aquí</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:CambiosEnEnlazadas/%C6%B1" rel="nofollow" title="Cambios recientes en las páginas que enlazan con esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambios en enlazadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=es" title="Subir archivos [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Subir archivo</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;oldid=164581942" title="Enlace permanente a esta versión de la página"><span>Enlace permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=info" title="Más información sobre esta página"><span>Información de la página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&amp;page=%C6%B1&amp;id=164581942&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Información sobre cómo citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Acortador_de_URL&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fes.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C6%25B1"><span>Obtener URL acortado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fes.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C6%25B1"><span>Descargar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%C6%B1"><span>Crear un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%C6%B1&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descargar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;printable=yes" title="Versión imprimible de esta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versión para imprimir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En otros proyectos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Latin_upsilon" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q394725" title="Enlace al elemento conectado del repositorio de datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Página de herramientas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apariencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apariencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r157776694">.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen{max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-container .thumbinner,.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-map{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen a.image>img{max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22.7em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align:left; padding:.23em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" class="cabecera" style="text-align:center;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;background:#f0f0f0;;">Omega latina volteada</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#fff;;"> <div style="font: normal 8em/1.2em &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; vertical-align: super;">Ʊʊ</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Tipo</th><td colspan="2" style="font-size:100%;;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Alfabeto" title="Alfabeto">alfabeto</a> y <br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Logograma" title="Logograma">Logograma</a></td></tr><tr><td class="noprint" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><div class="plainlinks wikidata-link" style="font-size: 0.85em">&#x5b;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394725" class="extiw" title="d:Q394725">editar datos en Wikidata</a>&#x5d;</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="rellink noprint hatnote">No debe confundirse con el <a href="/w/index.php?title=OHMIO_INVERTIDO&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OHMIO INVERTIDO (aún no redactado)">Ʊ</a>, el hiragana japonés <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%B2" title="ひ">ひ</a> o el símbolo <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dpsilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ípsilon">ípsilon</a>. </div> <p>La letra <b>Ʊ</b> ( minúscula&#160;: <b>ʊ</b> ), llamada <b>herradura</b> o, a veces, <b>cubo</b>, <b>omega invertida</b> o <b>ípsilon latina</b>, es una letra del <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_Fon%C3%A9tico_Internacional" title="Alfabeto Fonético Internacional">Alfabeto Fonético Internacional</a> que se utiliza para transcribir una <a href="/wiki/Vocal_casi_cerrada_semiposterior_redondeada" title="Vocal casi cerrada semiposterior redondeada">Vocal casi cerrada semiposterior redondeada</a>. Gráficamente, la minúscula es una letra griega <a href="/wiki/Omega" class="mw-redirect" title="Omega">omega</a> ( Ω ) en <a href="/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula" title="Minúscula">minúscula</a> girada en muchos tipos de letra (por ejemplo, Arial, Calibri, Candara, Liberation, Lucida, Noto, Times New Roman), e históricamente deriva de una <a href="/wiki/U" title="U">U</a> (ᴜ) latina en <a href="/wiki/Min%C3%BAsculas" class="mw-redirect" title="Minúsculas">minúsculas</a>, con las serifas exageradas para hacerlas más visibles.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="mw-references reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#8203; Sin embargo, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Pullum" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoffrey Pullum">Geoffrey Pullum</a> lo interpretó como una variante <a href="/wiki/AFI" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI">AFI</a> de la letra griega <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dpsilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ípsilon">ípsilon</a> (υ) y lo llamó <i>ípsilon latino</i>, el nombre que sería adoptado por Unicode, aunque en IPA también se usa un upsilon griego real para el labiodental sonoro. aproximado&#160;; Pullum llamó a este guion de letras V<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="mw-references reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#8203; y <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> la llama V con gancho. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uso">Uso</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar sección: Uso"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La herradura se utiliza en el <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_de_referencia_africano" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabeto de referencia africano">alfabeto de referencia africano</a> y en los alfabetos nacionales como los de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Idioma_Anii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idioma Anii (aún no redactado)">Anii</a> y <a href="/wiki/Idioma_tem" title="Idioma tem">Tem</a>. La mayoría de las veces tiene el valor de /u/ con la raíz de la lengua retraída. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Codificación"><span id="Codificaci.C3.B3n"></span>Codificación</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar sección: Codificación"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/May%C3%BAscula" title="Mayúscula">mayúscula</a> y la <a href="/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula" title="Minúscula">minúscula</a> se ubican en U+01B1 y U+028A en <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, respectivamente. </p><p>Los caracteres derivados son U+1DB7 ᶷ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL UPSILON and U+1D7F ᵿ LATIN SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH STROKE.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="mw-references reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#8203; </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar sección: Referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book"></cite><span class="citation libro"><i>Alphabet des langues nationales béninoises</i>. Ministère de l’Alphabétisation et de la Promotion des langues nationales, Centre national de linguistique appliquée, Benin. 2008. <small><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL25931062M">25931062M</a></small>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3A%C6%B1&amp;rft.btitle=Alphabet+des+langues+nationales+b%C3%A9ninoises&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=Minist%C3%A8re+de+l%E2%80%99Alphab%C3%A9tisation+et+de+la+Promotion+des+langues+nationales%2C+Centre+national+de+linguistique+appliqu%C3%A9e%2C+Benin&amp;rft_id=info%3Aolnum%2F25931062M&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book"></cite><span id="CITAREFPullumLadusaw1996" class="citation libro"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_K._Pullum" title="Geoffrey K. Pullum">Pullum, Geoffrey K.</a>; Ladusaw, William A. (1996). <i>Phonetic Symbol Guide</i> (Second edición). University of Chicago Press. p.&#160;185. <small><a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-226-68536-5" title="Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-226-68536-5">0-226-68536-5</a></small>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3A%C6%B1&amp;rft.au=Ladusaw%2C+William+A.&amp;rft.au=Pullum%2C+Geoffrey+K.&amp;rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+K.&amp;rft.aulast=Pullum&amp;rft.btitle=Phonetic+Symbol+Guide&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.edition=Second&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0-226-68536-5&amp;rft.pages=185&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="journal"></cite><span id="CITAREFNasraouiPavuluri2004" class="citation publicación">Nasraoui, Olfa; Pavuluri, Mrudula (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1013367.1013445">«Accurate web recommendations based on profile-specific url-predictor neural networks»</a>. <i>Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers &amp; posters - WWW Alt. '04</i> (ACM Press). <small><a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145%2F1013367.1013445">10.1145/1013367.1013445</a></small><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado el 29 de julio de 2023</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3A%C6%B1&amp;rft.atitle=Accurate+web+recommendations+based+on+profile-specific+url-predictor+neural+networks&amp;rft.au=Nasraoui%2C+Olfa&amp;rft.au=Pavuluri%2C+Mrudula&amp;rft.aufirst=Olfa&amp;rft.aulast=Nasraoui&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+13th+international+World+Wide+Web+conference+on+Alternate+track+papers+%26amp%3B+posters++-+WWW+Alt.+%2704&amp;rft.pub=ACM+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1145%2F1013367.1013445&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F1013367.1013445&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enlaces_externos">Enlaces externos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C6%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar sección: Enlaces externos"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="plainlinks" style="display:inline">Esta obra contiene una traducción total derivada de «<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1" class="extiw" title="en:Ʊ">Ʊ</a>» de Wikipedia en inglés,&#160;concretamente de <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1?oldid=1184627361">esta versión&#32;del 11 de noviembre de 2023</a>, publicada por <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%B1?action=history">sus editores</a> bajo la <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Texto_de_la_Licencia_de_documentaci%C3%B3n_libre_de_GNU" title="Wikipedia:Texto de la Licencia de documentación libre de GNU">Licencia de documentación libre de GNU</a> y la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.es">Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional</a>.</div></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r161257576">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox table{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{display:flex;padding:0.5em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#eeeeff}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d);color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d)!important;color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width: 12%; 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